职称英语卫生类B级模拟28

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28⌱⚗☢ᐳᨵ15ᙳᨵ1ᡈᨵᡈᑜ"#$%☢ᡠ'Ḅ4⌱⚗⌱)1*+,-ᑖ/0ᨬ23Ḅᡈ஺51⚪8Helooked(dismayed)whenheheardthenews.A.paleB.hurtfulC.doubtfulD.disappointedTὃVᫀ8Ddismayed*disappointedX0,/Z“ᜫ]Ḅ,^_Ḅ“஺pale“(ᢣa☢⁐)cdḄ"fhurtful"(ghi)jkḄlↈḄ"fdoubtful"ᝰᶧḄ,paᶧḄ”஺52⚪8It'sbeyond(mortal)powertobringadeadmanbacktolife.A.humanB.spiritualC.materialD.electronicTὃVᫀ8Amortal*humanX0/Z“aḄawḄ"஺spiritual"ghḄxᮣḄzᱥ|Ḅ"fmaterial“ᱥ|Ḅ"felectronic"ᵯḄ”஺53⚪8Allproposalsarelikelytobe(rejected).A.acceptedB.refusedC.neglectedD.believedTὃVᫀ8Breject/Z“"*refuseX0஺accept"ᯠ(aḄᱥ)"fneglect“ᶍ"fbelieve"2Z……”஺1

154⚪8Thesisterscant(tolerate)eachother.A.hateB.bearC.likeD.criticizeTὃVᫀ8Btolerate*bearX0,/Z“"஺hate"ូ,឴"flike“᰿"fcriticize“ᢇᢧᒆz¢”஺55⚪8Jane's(unusual)behaviorpuzzledherparents.A.abnormalB.frighteningC.repeatedD.funnyTὃVᫀ8Aunusual*abnormalX0/Z“¥¦Ḅ§¨¦Ḅ"஺frightening"©᝿Ḅអ¬Ḅ"frepeated"®Ḅ¥®Ḅ"ffunny“ᨵ¯Ḅ°±Ḅ”஺56⚪8Hehadto(consider)theoffer.Anyway,hehadtorearhiswholefamily.A.setupB.rebuildC.constructD.raiseTὃVᫀ8Drear*raiseX0/Z“³´,³µ¶·”஺setup”¸¹,º¸“frebuild“¸»¼½¾¿ᡂ"fconstruct”¸Á¸⌼᪀ᡂ¿ᡂ”஺57⚪8Hewas(evidently)holdinglightontohimselfaboutsomething.A.reluctantlyB.obviouslyC.seeminglyD.conclusivelyTὃVᫀ8B2

2evidently*obviouslyX0/Z“ÅÆᙢÆᯠ"஺reluctantly“§ÈÉᙢÊËᙢ”fseemingly"⊤☢iÍiÎ"fconclusively"ÏÐḄpaÑᙢ”஺58⚪8They(resembled)eachotherincolorbutnotinshape.A.weresimilartoB.differentiatedC.werelikelyD.modifiedTὃVᫀ8Aresemble*besimilartoX0,/Z“*...2ÒÓ...”஺differentiate“ᢣÔ(Õὅ)§X×ØÙØÙᑖ”flikely"⚜ÛḄ,°ÜḄ"fmodify“ÝÞßÝᦋᗐÝᦋâ”஺59⚪8Youshould(conform)totheusageofsociety.A.confrontB.acquaintC.adoptD.followTὃVᫀ8Dconformto*followX0/Z“⍳ä⍳᯿æᦔ"஺confront"☢è☢é¨ê"facquaint“Ýëa(ìí)î៉ᡈðñëa/ë"fadopt"óᵨóõõ”஺510⚪:He(inquired)whetheritwaspossibletoleavehissuitcaseattherailwaystation.A.insistedB.suggestedC.askedD.calledTὃVᫀ8Cinquire*askX0/Z“÷øøᡭú஺"insist”ûᢝᡈûý⌕ÿ(
ᱥ)"suggest”"call“,”஺3

311⚪(Subterranean)streamshavecutthroughlimestonetoformmilesofpassagesandcavessuchasKentucky'sMammothCave.A.SecondaryB.UndergroundC.UnharnessedD.MinisculeὃᫀBsuterraneanᢣ“ᙢḄ”B⚗Ḅundeground(ᙢḄ)!஺secondary”"⌕Ḅ”unharnessed“$%&Ḅ"miniscule“'(Ḅ”஺12⚪Theminister(approved)thebuildingplansafterhediscussedwithotherministers.A.agreedB.opposedC.canceledD.delightedὃᫀAapproveagree!)*“+ᡂ-./))"஺oppose"010ᢙ3ᑴ1ᢙ"cancel“567◀ᑤ◀"delighted":ᐶḄ៝=Ḅ”஺13⚪Tom(dropped)offinfrontoffire.A.dropatB.dropawayC.dozeoffD.takeoffὃᫀCdropoff)*“ᡭ?@,ᡭAṑ”,dozeoff!஺14⚪Parentsshouldrealizedthatz/exampleisbetterthan(precept)A.instructionB.educationC.imaginationD.morality4

4ὃᫀApreceptinstruction!,)*“ᦟD,DᩩFG"஺education"ᦟH,IJ,KLMN"imagination"OPL,OP,QOᱥ”morality”⍝STS⍝!Uᳮ”஺15⚪Formostallergies,thebesttreatmentiseliminationofthe7bothersome8substancesfromthesensitiveperson9senvironment.A.unnaturalB.dangerousC.irritatingD.surroundingὃᫀcbothersome"WXḄ”C⚗Ḅirritating“YZ[៝=Ḅ”\!]^஺unnatural"[_ᯠḄ"dangerous"ᓻ◅Ḅ"surrounding"ᕜdḄ"஺▅fᑨh▅f☢jklᦻlᦻnᑡpq7rstu᪷wlᦻḄᑁy1zrst{pᑨh஺᝞}~sḄu⌱A⚗᝞}~sḄ┯u⌱B⚗᝞}~sḄᦻᨵu⌱C⚗஺Souped-upᦔLqḄenzymesthatflushpoisonsoutofcellsmoreefficientlythantheirnaturalcounterparts71ḄZᡈᱥcouldalleviatesomeoftheseveresideeffectsofchemotherapyandsoimprovethechancesofcuringcancers.Manyanticancerdrugsattacktumorcellsbecausetheydividemorerapidlythanheathycells.Butsomevitalhealthycellsalsodividefasterthanormal,andthesearedestroyedaswell.Themostvitalcellscaughtinthechemicalcross-firearethosemadeinthebonemarrow7#.Undernormalcircumstances,thesematureintoplatelets⊈(whicharevitalforwound-healing,andwhitebloodcellsthatfightinfections.Iflevelsofthesecellsfall,patientsbecomedangerouslyvulnerabletoinfectionandcansuffersuchsevereinternalbleedingthattreatmenthastobestopped.Survivingcancercellscanthenre-growandreducetheeffectivenessofthetherapy.BillFehlandhiscolleaguesattheUniversityofWisconsinMedicalSchoolhaveengineeredanenzymethatcouldmakebonemarrowcellsresistanttothecancerdrugs,sohigherdosescanbegivenandsideeffectsreduced.Theideaistotakehealthybonemarrowcellsfrompatientsbeforetheybeginchemotherapy,thenequipthesecellswiththe5

5genesthatmaketheenzymedrug-resistant.Whenreturnedtothepatient,theimprovedbonemarrowcellscouldthenwithstandheavydosesofthedrugs.ThenaturalversionoftheenzymecalledglutathioneStransferaseᵞS⏘isproducedmainlyintheliverandcatalyses¡ᓄthebreakdownofcompoundsthatmightotherwisedamageDNAincells.GSTalsoneutralizes£thetoxicbreakdownproductsofanticancerdrugs,whichmakesitsuitableforprotectingbonemarrowcells.ButnaturalGSTdoesnotworkefficientlyenoughtoavoidbeingswampedbyhighdosesofdrugs.GSTcatalysesareactionbetweenpotentiallytoxiccompoundsandglutathione——apeptideᨴ¥producedinalmostallcellsofthebody.TheGSTmoleculehasacavity,or"activesite”,wherethetwomoleculesarebroughtcloseenoughtoreact.Thisneutralizesthetoxin,whichpassesintothebloodtobeexcretedinthepatient9surine.Usingmachinesforsynthesizing¦ᔠYᔠᡂDNA,Fehlandhiscolleaguesmadethousandsof"scrambled"versionsofthepartsoftheGSTgenethatmaketheactivesiteoftheenzyme.TheyinsertedthesescrambledgenesintoEscherichiacoll.Byexposingthebacteriatoincreasingquantitiesoftheanticancerdrug,mechlorethamine7M?F8,Fehlscreenedouttheonesmosttoleranttothedrug.஻Bythismethod,wemadeenzymes30timesasefficientasthenaturalone,஻saysFehl.Inotherwords,ittook30timesasmuchdrugtokillthebacteriA.Fehlhasalreadyexposedmicecarryingcopiesofthedoctoredgenetoknowncarcinogens¨©ᱥtoseehowefficientthegeneisatmoppingupthetoxins.Themoreefficientitis,thelessdamagethetoxinsdoandfewertumorsshouldappear.஻Weanticipateasignificantreduction7inthenumberofcancers8inthegroupcarryingthegene,“saysFehl,whoisstillanalyzingtheresults.Fehl9steamhasappliedforapatentcoveringthetechnique,andhopestodeveloptreatmentswithSystemix,acompanybasedinPaloAlto,CaliforniA.BrianKetterer,whoheadstheCancerResearchCampaign'smoleculartoxicologygroupinLondon,saysFehl9sworkcouldbeimportant.Buthewarnsthattheproposedstrategywouldnotprotectcellsliningthegutfromchemotherapydrugs.16⚪Thepassagemainlydiscussesaboutthetoxicreactionofanticancerdrugs.A.RightB.WrongC.NotmentionedὃᫀB6

6ªᦻ«⌕W¬Ḅ®¯Ḅ⏘K°±ᨵᦔḄ²³´µ¶·¸¹ᓄᶭḄ»¼½{ᵨ¿À:Áៜ©ÃḄÄ᳛஺17⚪Dietaryinterventionmayworkevenafterprecancerouswarningsignshaveappeared.A.RightB.WrongC.NotmentionedὃᫀC~ss)*“ÆÇḄÈ⚜ᓽYᙠ©ÃÌÍÎÏឋÑᐚpÓÔnÕ.KÖᦔ”஺תᦻØᨵᑮjÚ஺18⚪:Beingresistanttotheanticancerdrugs,bonemarrowcellscangreatlyreducethesideeffects.A.RightB.WrongC.NotmentionedὃᫀAÜÝÞs"BillFehlandhiscolleaguesattheUniversityofWisconsinMedicalSchoolhaveengineeredanenzyme…”ßàáâᜧäåä▾Ḅçè•êè£ëḄìíîq⏘KYﶷ1ð᷈òᱥᐹᨵᢙòឋ஺j᪵õ.öᜧᑺøᙢᵨᢙ©òᱥÀ½{ᵨ.öùú஺19⚪Wheatbranmaylowertheriskofcoloncancer.A.RightB.WrongC.NotmentionedὃᫀC~s)*“ûü.Kùúý¦þ©Ḅᓻ◅ឋ஺”תᦻØᨵᑮjÚ஺20⚪TheenzymeengineeredbyFehTsteamissuperiortothenaturalenzymeinwithstandingHeavydosesofthedrugs.A.Right7

7B.WrongC.NotmentionedὃᫀAÜÝÞ“Theideaistotakehealthybonemarrowcellsfrompatients…”ëìḄOÿᙠᓄᶭᏉḄᯠᜓ⏘ᨵᢙ"ឋḄ$%஺'()*+,ᐭ.ᑁ0ᦋᗐḄ3Ὂ5ᜧᑺ8Ḅ"ᱥ஺:21⚪

8UnitedStatesandCanada,onlydiseasesoftheheartandbloodvesselskillmorepeople.Canceroccursinmostspeciesofanimalsandinmanykindsofplants,aswellasinhumanbeings.2.Cancerstrikespeopleofallagesbutespeciallymiddle-agedpersonsandtheelderly.Itoccursaboutequallyamongpeopleofbothsexes.Thediseasecanattackanypartofthebodyandmayspreadtootherparts.However,thepartsmostoftenaffectedaretheskin,thedigestiveorgans,thelungs,themaleprostate,andthefemalebreasts.3.Scientistsdonotknowexactlywhycancerdevelops.Mostexpertsagreethatpeopledevelopcancermainlythroughrepeatedorprolongedcontactwithoneormorecancer-causingagents,calledcarcinogens.Theseagentsincludethetarsintobaccosmoke,avarietyofotherchemicals,andcertainkindsofradiation.Inmanycases,cancercanbepreventedifaknownagentisavoidedoreliminated.Theeliminationofcigarettesmoking,forexample,wouldpreventmostcasesoflungcancerandaboutathirdofallcasesofcancer.Scientistsalsobelievethatsomepeoplemayinheritatendencytodevelopcancer.4.Withoutpropertreatment,mostkindsofcancerarefatal.Onlyadoctorcandiagnosecancer.Butinmanycases,adoctorisconsultedonlyafterthediseaseisfaradvanced.Apersonshouldthereforebealerttoanyphysicalchangethatmaybeasymptomofcancer.Earlydetectiongreatlyincreasesthechancesofacure.5.Cancershowsnosymptomsinitsbeginningstages.Butsymptomsmayappearbeforethediseasespreads.TheAmericanCancerSocietylistssevensuchwarningsignals.Theyare:(1)Changeinbowelorbladderhabits;(2)Asorethatdoesnotheal;(3)Unusualbleedingordischarge;(4)Thickeningorlumpinbreastorelsewhere;(5)Indigestionordifficultyinswallowing;(6)Obviouschangeinwartormole;(7)Naggingcoughorhoarseness.Apersonwhohasanyofthesesymptomslongerthantwoweeksshouldconsultaphysicianpromptly.:23M26⚪A.CancerindicatessevenwarningsignalsinitsbeginningstagesB.AcancerisamalignanttumorofthebodyandmayspreadtootherpartsC.ItisadvisedthatadoctorbeconsultedwhenapersonfindsanyphysicalchangethatmaybeasymptomofcancerD.JeopardizinglifeischaracteristicofcancerE.Peopledevelopcancermainlythroughrepealedandprolongedcontactwithoneormoresubstancesthatincitecancer,calledcarcinogensF.Theauthoradvisesustoconsultadoctorafterthediseaseisfaradvanced:27-30⚪A.thetarsintobaccosmokearecarcinogenicB.diseasesoftheheartandbloodvessels9

9C.apersistentcoughingD.humanbeingsE.thechancesofacure:23⚪

10ὃᫀ:BCD“Thediseaseisaleadingcauseofdeathinmanycountries.IntheUnitedStatesandCanada,onlydiseasesoftheheartandblooduesselskillmorepeople.ᙠFGHI&'Jᜮ-ᩔMNᙠOHPQRᜧNTᨵVWP⊈YZ[\]^G_Ḅ`a஺bc&'ᙠOHPQRᜧJdefV⊈YZ[ḄᩔM஺28⚪:Canceroccursinmostspeciesofanimals,inmanykindsofplantsandinὃᫀDCDN“Canceroccursinmostspeciesofanimalsandinmanykindsofplants,aswellasinhumanbeings."29⚪:Peopleshouldabstainfromtobaccosmokingbecause.ὃᫀACgNhiIjklmnᑗᙢq⍝&'Ḅs[tu஺ᜧGᦪwIxyNz{ᡈ}~Ḅ]&ᱥJs&'Ḅ⌕tu஺]&ᱥᒹ₝ḄᯖஹG%ᐸᓄiᱥPD%Ḅ஺ᙠGᦪN᝞ᡈ◀qḄ]&ᱥN¡⚜■&'஺¤᝞N¥&ḄᜧGᦪ[!□ᡠᨵ&'[!Ḅ¨gᑖªD«Jᵫᔾ®¯Ḅ஺30⚪Earlydetectionofcancerincreases.ὃᫀEC°NuEarlydetectiongreatlyincreasesthechancesofacure.”11

11&'Ḅ()s±²³ᜧ´µᙢ¶QៜḄឋ஺▅¸ᳮ☢ᨵ3¼½ᦻN¿¼½ᦻÀᨵ5⍝⚪N¿⍝⚪À☢ᨵ4Â⌱⚗஺ÅÆ▅¸½ᦻÇ᪷ɽᦻᑁËÌᐸÀ☢ḄÍ⚪NÎ4Â⌱⚗⌱Ï1ÂᨬÒᫀ஺ÓᡡCoronaryheartdiseaseÕÖV[×isatermusedtodescribeconditionslikeanginaÕVØÙ×orheartattack.Manypeoplesufferfromheartdisease.Ifyouhavehadaheartattackorsufferfromanginaitisveryimportantthatyoutakepositiveactionnowinordertokeepyourheartashealthyaspossible.Thisarticleoutlinesstepsyoucantakeinordertohelpachievethis.Anumberoffactorshavebeenknowntoincreasetheriskofyourcoronaryheartdisease.Thereareoftenreferredtoas"riskfactors”.Butsomeofthesefactorscanbechangedormodifiedtohelpimproveyourcondition.Theseinclude:highMoodcholesterol7ᨴÛÜ⏣×Nhighbloodpressure,smoking,poordiet,lackofexercise,highalcoholintake,obesity,diabetesandstress.Highbloodcholesterolhasbeenshowntobeoneofthemostimportantriskfactors,yetonlyabouthalfofcoronaryheart-diseasepatientshavehadtheirbloodcholesterolchecked.Whenbloodcholesterolishigh,itbuildsupinthewallsofthearteries7bloodvessels8,causingthemtonarrow.Thenarrowingcanthenbegintorestrictthebloodflowtotheheart.Undertheseconditionspatientswilloftenexperiencechestpainortightness,knownasanginA.Insomecasesnarrowingofthearteriesthatsupplybloodtotheheartcanbecomesoseverethatitblockstheartery.Moreusually,however,apartialblockagetriggersabloodclot,causingaheartattack,whichcancausepermanentdamagetopartoftheheartmuscle.Toreducethebuildupofcholesterolinthearterywalls,andsoreducetheriskofaheartattack,cholesterolloweringhasbecomeanessentialpartoftreatmentforpeoplewithcoronaryheartdisease.Reductionsinbloodcholesterolhavebeenshowntoprovidemajorbenefitsforpatientswhohaveanginaorhavehadaheartattack,suchasreducingtheriskofanotherheartattackoccurringandimprovingsurvival.Yourcholesterolshouldbecheckedregularly,andmodifiedifnecessary,alongwithalltheotherfactors.Thiswillhelptoensurethatyouminimisetheriskofsufferingfutureheartproblemslikeanotherheartattack.Itisbetterforyourheartifalltheriskfactorsarereducedbyalittle,ratherthanconcentratingononeandignoringtheothers.Changesinlifestylecanoftenhelptoreducetheseriskfactors.12

12Theseincludestop-pingsmokingorcuttingdownthenumberofcigarettesyousmoke,ahealthierdietandahealthybodyweight,regularexercise,andnotdrinkingmorethantherecommendedamountofalcohol.AhealthierdietshouldconsistofreducingtheamountofsaturatedfatÕ⛳Pᨴßà×youeatandbalancingthiswithanintakeofnon-andpoly-unsaturatedfatsandincreasedconsumptionÕᓫâPGâã⛳Pᾦà×ofcerealfoods,vegetablesandfruit.Sometimeschangesinlifestylearenotenoughtoreducefactorslikecholesterolorbloodpressuresufficiently,andsodrugsmaybeprescribed.Thesedrugsshouldalwaysbecombinedwithchangesinlifestyle.31⚪WhichofthefollowingisNOTariskfactor?A.smokingB.teadrinkingC.obesityD.stressὃᫀBCg“TheseincludePhighbloodcholesterol,highbloodpressure,smoking…”±q⍝ᨵ³Guåæ¶QçèÖV[Ḅᓻ◅஺uå{ëìí“ᓻ◅uå”஺ðᐸDuåzᦋòᡈó᦮ᩭᦋᗐçḄ÷஺uåᒹø⊈ùÜ⏣ஹø⊈úஹᔾஹûüãýஹþÿ
ஹᜧ⏀ஹஹ஺32⚪Whichisthemostimportantriskfactor?A.poordietB.diabetesC.highbloodcholesterolD.beerdrinkingὃᫀC“Highbloodcholesterolhasbeenshowntobeoneofthemostimportantriskfactors---n⊈"#⏣%ᨬ'⌕Ḅᓻ◅,-./01ᨵ3ᦪḄ567ὅ9:ᐸ⊈<"#⏣=஺33⚪:Whichofthefollowingdirectlycausesthechestpainortightness?A.blockingofthecoronaryarteryB.narrowingofthearteryC.highbloodcholesterol13

13D.stressὃᫀA?@A⊈<"#⏣BCDEFᙠHᾭJ⊈KLᚮN〉ᡂᐸῚRS஺TERSUV▲ᑴYZ6[Ḅ⊈஺ᙠT\]^_7ὅ`aabᑮdefgᡈijbᓽ6lg஺ᨵEm6[no⊈pḄHᾭRSqrs'EtuvTᩩHᾭ஺ᯠyzaḄ]^%eᑖḄuv|}⊈~ᡂ6᫱Tteᑖ6Ḅ஺34⚪Whatshouldbecheckedregularlytominimisetheriskofsufferingfutureheartproblems?A.hemoglobinB.cholesterolC.bloodsugarD.bilirubinὃᫀB"Toreducethebuildupofcholesterolinthearterywalls--evo9"#⏣BCᙠ⌕Eoᡠᨵᐸ,-/᦮஺Tᨵ76᫱6[Ḅ◅஺35⚪Howcanonereducetheseriskfactors?A.stoppingsmokingB.regularexerciseC.healthydietD.alloftheseὃᫀDH1uChangesinlifestylecanoftenhelptoreducetheseriskfactors-"¡¢£¤Ḅᦋqat¦§T¨ᓻ◅஺Tᒹªᡄ¬ᡈ¦ᔾ¬ᦪஹᏉ°Ḅ±ஹ〉²Ḅ³'ஹ´a
µ¶·:⏀஺Ꮙ°Ḅ±ᒹª¦⛳ᾦºḄ᤬ᐭ½C⊝ᐸᓫÀÁÀ·⛳ᾦºḄ᤬ᐭÂ⌕DÃÄÅஹÆÇBÈḄ±ᵨ஺ÊËSuchmentalfatiguecanbeasthreateningasaheartattack.Recentevidenceindicatesthatsleepinessisaleadingcauseoftrafficandindustrialaccidents."Humanerrorcausesbetween60%and900ofallworkplaceaccidents,dependingonthetypeofjob,஻observesbiological14

14psychologistDavidDingesoftheUniversityofPennsylvaniA."Andinadequatesleepisamajorfactorinhumanerror,atleastasimportantasdrugs,alcoholandequipmentfailure.z9Otherresearchsuggeststhatsleeplosscontributestoeverythingfromdrugabusetopoorgradesinschool.Atypicaladultneedsabouteighthoursofshut-eyeanighttofunctioneffectively.Bythatstandard,millionsofAmericansareforalongtimesleepdeprived,tryingtogetbyonsixhoursorevenless.Inmanyhouseholds,cheatingonsleephasbecomeanunconsciousandharmfulhabit."Initsmildform,it'swatchingTedKoppelandgoingtobedlateandthengettingupearlytogettothegym,“saysCornelFsPollak.Inextremecasespeoplestayupmostofthenight,seeinghowlittlesleepwillkeepthemgoing.Theytrytocompensatebyshortsleepinglateonweekends,butthatmakesupforonlypartoftheshortfall.Overthemonthsandyears,someresearchersbelieve,theimbalancebuildsupandtheeffectsaccumulate."MostAmericansnolongerknowwhatitfeelsliketobefullyalert,஻contendsDr.WilliamDement,directorofStanfordUniversity9sSleepCenter.Theygothroughthedayinasortoftwilightzone;theeyesmaybewideopen,butthebrainispartlyshutdown.SingleparentDiannaBennett,43,worksasanurseatacorrectionalfacilityinGardner,Mass.Tobeabletospendtimewithherthreechildrenduringtheday,sheworksthenightshift,aschedulethatusuallyallowshernomorethanfourhoursofsleep,஻MykidstellmeI'malwaystired,z9shesays.AmySchwartzman,35,alawstudentatTulaneUniversity,getsupat9a.m.and,whatwithclasses,simulatedcourtandworkasaresearchassistant,oftendoesnotgethomeuntil10p.m.That'swhenshestudiesorrelaxation.Nightsofthrowingintobedat3a.m.makeherfeel஻asifmybrainisn9tmovingasquicklyasquicklyasitshould.9zsaysSchwartzman,notingthatthecirclesunderhereyeskeepgettingdarker.஻MymothertoldmeIlooklikearaccoon.z936⚪Sleeplosscontributestoeverythingexcept.A.drugabuseB.poorschoolgradesC.workeffectD.accidentsὃᫀCᦻ<”…sleeplosscontributestoeverythingfromdrugabusetopoorgradesinschool”ÏÐAஹB⚗ᡂÒÓ“sleepinessisleadingacauseoftrafficandindustrialaccidents”⊤ÐD⚗%Õ,ÓC⚗ÏÖ×ṑḨÚy`ÛÜÝᦔ᳛T%àÚaáḄ஺15

1537⚪Onweekendspeoplealways.A.gotobedlateB.getupearlyC.don9tsleepD.sleeplateὃᫀDᦻ<“TheytrytocompensateJ⊡ãKbyshortsleepinglateonweekends”ÏÐäD⚗åæ஺38⚪Becauseofsleeploss,mostAmericans.A.havewideopeneyesB.arenotfullyalertC.trytosleepmoreD.liveinthetwilightzonesὃᫀBᦻ

16ᦻ

17ὃ"ᫀB⚪$%&'()*ὅḄ-./*஺/01ᦻ3✌5✌6“89Ḅ'(ὅ:;<(1=ᱥ஺”@AB⌱⚗“DᔛFGḄ”HᐸJ."ᫀ஺42⚪Comparedwithvegetablefoodanimalfoodcontains.A.moreproteinsB.morenutrientsC.moremineralsD.moreamino-acidsὃ"ᫀD⚪$%&KLM'(NOᾙ(ḄᱯR஺/01ᦻ3S56“TUVᵫXᱥYᜧ[20\]@ᡂᑖᔜ`a]⏚cᡂd`ᡂᑖᾙe(ᱥfFGe(ᱥ⌕ghi”஺AjḄTUVkBjḄ⃩mᡂᑖkCjḄnᱥVkDjḄa]⏚஺43⚪Theunderlinedwork"lacto-vegetarian”(inParA.4)means.A.verystrictvegetarianB.false-vegetarianC.notstrictvegetarianD.non-vegetarianὃ"ᫀC⚪$%&“lacto-vegetarian”ᙠᦻYḄp*஺Aqr89Ḅ'()*ὅkBᎷḄ'()*ὅkC;
t89Ḅ'()*ὅkDq'()*ὅ஺ᦻYuᑮ“alacto-vegetariandiet,whichincludesmilkandmilkproductssuchascheess.”wx“lacto-vegetarian”;
t89Ḅ'()*ὅywzᔛ{ᑴ}஺44⚪Fromthepassage,weknowthat______.A.togainenoughprotein,onemustconsumemuchmorevegetablefoodthananimalfoodB.cookingvegetablesforlongtimemakesitmoredigestibleC.milkisthebestsourceofusableanimalproteinD.themostcommondeficienciesinWesterndietsarethoseofvitaminsὃ"ᫀA18

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19plants.Fourplantsproducingsuchdrugswereparticularlywellknowthepoppy,henbane,hempandmandrake.Poppiesarestillusedasasourceofmorphine,averywidelyuseddrug._50_Todayhempismostoftenusedasrawmaterialfromwhichropeismade,butitisstillknowninpartsofCentralSouthAmericaas"theweedthatintoxicates”.Theotherherb,mandrake,isalmostunknowntoday,butitwaswidelyusedamongtheancientEgyptians,theGreeks,andpeoplesoftheFarEast.Accordingtoonelegend,themandrakeplant,whenpulledfromtheground,wassupposedtogiveanunearthlyshriek,sodreadfulthatapersonwhohearditdiedorwentmad.A.Thetypeofanestheticheusesdependsonthepatientandthetypeofsurgerytobeperformed.B.Robertgotasfarasseven,thenwokeupinbedwithhisleginplaster.C.Theprickthathefeltwascausedbythehollowneedleofahypodermicsyringe.D.Thatwasthestateofaffairsuntilthebeginningofthelastcentury.E.Henbaneisnotsowellknown,thoughitisstillusedinsomemedicines.F.Drugsthatcauseunconsciousnessandkillpainarenotnew.46⚪:ὃ"ᫀBÜÝÞ"⌱⚗Bᡠᙠ5ßḄᜧà
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ᨬᫀ஺Weallknowtherearetimesthatkidsseemtocomplain_51_astomachachetogetoutofchoresorgoingtoschool.Don'tbesosurethatthepainthey_52_isallintheirminds.We'relearningmorenowaboutacondition_53_"functionalabdominalpain"thatisexperiencedbymillionsofkidseveryday.Likemanyteenagers,KyleBrustmakesitapointtodohishomeworkas_54—ashegetshome.Unlikemost,Kyleoftendidhiswithaterriblestomachache.Infact,the_55_oftenstartedwhilehewasatschool,butgettinghelptherewasgettingharder.21

21“Someofmyteacherswouldn9tletmego,becauseI'daskedsomanytimesbeforeandtheythoughtIwastryingtogetoutof_56_JsaysKyle.Kyle'smornMarilynsaysshecouldn9tblamethe_57_.Afterall,she9dtakenhimtothedoctorseveraltimesherself,andeventheycouldn'tfindanything_58_.“Youknow,you'rerunningthetestsandnothing9scomingup.So,isitinhishead,ishejustanextremelystressfulchild?It'sjustfrustrating_59_we'renotfindinganyanswers,saysMarilyn.ItturnsoutKylewassufferingfromaconditionknown_60_functionalabdominalpain,thataffectsasmanyasoneoutofeverytenkidsinthiscountry.Even_61_thecauseofthepainmaynotbeobvious,therearerealconsequences.஻Itreallydoeshurt,andthesekidsreallydosuffer,z9saysDr.Campo,MDatNationwideChildren9sHospital.Tohelp_62_,Campoislookingintoanewapproach.He'sconductingclinicaltrialsofanantidepressantthatchangesthewaythebodyhandlesachemicalcalledserotonin.Inapreliminarystudy,Dr.Campofoundthatinabouteightoutoften_63_,thedrugnormallyusedtotreatemotionalpainworkedtoeasethepaininthe_64_.஻Wethinkaboutitasbeingimportantinanxietyanddepressionandthat9sallquitetrue,butwhat'sreallyinterestingisthat95%ofourbody'sserotoninisinourgut,஻saysCampo.Campobelievesthesekidshaveextremelysensitiveintestines,andcontrollingtheeffectsofserotoninmay_65_easethepain.ItseemedtoworkforKyle,whoisnowcompletelypainfreeforthefirsttimeinyears.51⚪A.ofB.onC.atD.byὃᫀA"complainof”“ឌ”஺52⚪A.takeB.forgetC.feelD.makeὃᫀC22

22◤ᐭ"“pain”'(Ḅ*“feel”ᨬᔠ〉஺53⚪:A.stoppedB.createdC.calledD.mentionedὃᫀC?ᡃABᙠDEDFGHfunctionalabdominalpainḄKL஺call,HN஺54⚪:A.soonB.earlyC.lateD.timelyὃᫀA“assoonas”Q“FR᪵R᪵”஺?QKyleBrust"UV☘XYF᪵FZ[\]^஺55⚪:A.workB.playC.programD.painὃᫀDb?cdF?ḄefQᑏḄῳiᦑ⌱pain஺56⚪A.classB.punishmentC.treatmentD.homeὃᫀAbmḄeὁoᝰᶧKyleBrustr⌫tᦟv஺23

2357⚪:A.doctorsB.teachersC.parentsD.classmatesὃᫀB?QKyleBrustḄxyz᝛f|}Dὁo⌱teacher஺58⚪A.goodB.usefulC.wrongD.handyὃᫀC?Qfᑮ}Ḅᙢ஺59⚪A.becauseB.althoughC.unlessD.soὃᫀA?Q“bᡃA஺”60⚪A.toB.atC.inD.asὃᫀD"knownas”Q⚪E,“H”஺?ᩭKyleQDFGfunctionalabdominalpainḄL஺61⚪A.though24

24B.whetherC.thusD.howὃᫀA"eventhough"Q“”஺?iḄ}¡¢Qᨵ¤¤ᙠᙠḄ¥¦Ḅ஺62⚪A.themB.himC.usD.youὃᫀA¨©ªᐭ"dᦻ“thesekids”ªḄ¬ᦑ⌱them஺63⚪A.numbersB.studiesC.casesD.partsὃᫀC“case஻“L”,ᙠ®ᦻ¯°±²஺64⚪A.stomachB.headC.heartD.mindὃᫀA³ᦻVᜐµᑮῳ¶iᦑ·ᜐ¸ᯠ⌱stomach஺65⚪:A.supportB.aidC.assistD.help25

25ὃᫀD“helpdosomething"Q°±²Ḅzº“ᨵ»¼”஺26