2023江苏版化学高考第二轮复习--专题十　化学反应与电能 (一)

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2023
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1B.᩽ᵯ᩽):H22+2e+21T—2HQC.ᐭ>Zᑣ_>D.0ᜐᳮ_ᡂᓄVḄᓄ'():HCOOH+H஺=CO"+2H25ᫀB3.2020ᜩ,11,3ᑖ:ᰚ¢U£ᵯឋ¥¦ᐹᨵᵨ¨©Ḅªᵯ஺z?ḄᵯL2Na+xS«NaSx=5~3,¬}ᰚ¢£:஺ᑡ┯¯Ḅ$/%&'┤)*ᘤ,-——Na-B-AUOj01--ᰚ34,—ᰚ35678A.NaSḄᵯf)L"[:S.³S.³S.³´WB.[ᵯ1᩽LxS+2Na+2e—NaS2sC.NaµNa?S*ᑖ¶LᵯḄ"᩽µ᩽D.QᵯRNa-B-Al஺L◞¸Ḅ¹ᵯ5ᫀC4.2022ºᓭ,8,3ᑖ:qᵯᙠq»¼⚞¾ᜓÀᐵÂZE┞qᵯ᪀⌼|Æz᝞஺ᑡ┯¯Ḅ\:A.qÇᵯÈɬᵨB.N᩽Ê^_Ḅᵯ᩽:2HzO+2e-20H+]tC.Ìᴻ◌ÏᐹᨵÐÑefµ■ḄÓD.Q┞qᵯT}¹ᵯA2⚓ᐳD46⚓

25ᫀB5.2015
ᓫÕ,10,2ᑖ:Eᰚ¢V⏚×Øᧇᵯᳮ|Æ᝞z஺ᑡᨵᐵQᵯḄÚḄᵨᵯᘤCH+H,01^—0ῃ:44-C0,+H,0u-------'EᓄᑺA.CH,+H2H3H+C0,ÜÝὑ1molCH,bh12molᵯf2B.ᵯ᩽A]ßFḄᵯ᩽L4+20H-2e——2H02C.ᵯ1,COgᔣᵯ᩽BhàD.ᵯ᩽B]^_Ḅᵯ᩽L0+2C0+4e-2coᔆ225ᫀI6.2018â4ᨴ⌱ὃ,17,2ᑖ:┞Li->ᵯḄᳮ᝞zᡠ|஺ᑡÚḄB.LiåᨵæᵯÈÉᔣ¬ᜐhàC.᩽Ḅᵯ᩽:02+4e-^=20”D.ᵯç:4è+0ᓣ20^4LiOH5ᫀC7.2021â1ᨴ⌱ὃ,22,2ᑖ:╋╍ᵯ¹ᵯ,ᐸᳮ|Æz᝞LLíîï,ðஹñLòᐵ,aஹbLóôᵯ¼Ḅõ᩽:஺3⚓ᐳ46⚓

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ῖ⇨■ẠḄῖ⇨■஺■ᙠḄᵨ஺▲25ᑖ᳛:—/5஺Ạ1.2018ᜩ#ᳮ%,3,6ᑖ'(ᑡ*+,Ḅ-A../0(,1ᐗ3⏚HAḄK,56ᑣNaAḄK89:;ᦪ'56hB.=>╄@ABCẚEF,=>GH᧕┤C.KᓄM5N,OK5᧕PQD.HMᵨR᜜ᐝUVᑖGHsOHWCH0cH33ᫀBY18⚓ᐳ46⚓

182.2016ᜩ#ᳮ%,3,6ᑖ'(ᑡ*+,Ḅ-8A.^ᵨ_ᓄᑺMabcᓄdKḄKeAHB.fᔾhῖ⇨,iῖ⇨Ḅj᳛hkl0mᐵC.oᵯqfḄKrs⊝,OᵯqGᨵᵯvD.ᙠwl0Ḅx⏚,ZnSyz{CuSHz,|}CuSḄz:0~ZnSḄ6ᫀD3.2019ᓫ,10,2ᑖ'=WឋḄᔠᱥᵨNaClzF,᝞ᡠ,PQ=Ḅᵯᓄdῖ⇨஺(ᑡᨵᐵOḄ|,Ḅ-8'᝞h¥ஹ§¨ᔠᱥ-gkªA.=ihᓄḄᵯ᩽KFe-3e—Fe>B.=ῖ⇨ᓄdMᐰCᓄᵯMC.ឋḄᙠj=Ḅῖ⇨D.¡9¢£NaClz,=HMfᔾhῖ⇨ᫀC4.2020ᓫ,H,2ᑖ'M¤¥ᙠ¦=§⊤☢yª«9¬¦=§Ḅῖ⇨஺ᙠ(ᡠḄ᛻(ᑡᨵᐵ|,Ḅ--f-------—--v)¥¬L.®¯Mஹ°d□᩽A.▢᩽Ḅᵯ᩽KFe-2e-Fe”A19⚓ᐳ46⚓

19B.MḄ°ឋ~FeḄ°ឋ3C.¦=§⊤☢±²³ᜧµᵯ¶{i·D.¦=§ᙠ¸9Ḅῖ⇨j᳛~ᙠ¹9ḄºᫀC5.2017»᪗1,11,6ᑖ'½ᥛ¹¿ṹᜮẠḄ¦>᫕,;ᵨ᜜ᵯvḄ▢᩽·PQ■ῖ,ÃÄoᳮ᝞ᡠᐸNấÇ=ÈឋÉÊ□᩽஺(ᑡᨵᐵ⊤+H,Ḅ-8'¶ᵯb)±᫕,nấ´¥,µkA.Ìᐭ·ᵯv^¦>᫕⊤☢ῖ⇨ᵯv¥ÎÏB.ÌᵯF᜜ᵯÐᵯ¶iÑᑴÓNấÇ=vᔣ¦>᫕C.NấÇ=ḄÄᵨ-ÄEὑ□᩽ᩞᧇWØ⌴ᵯvD.ÌᐭḄ·ᵯvO᪷ÛÜ᛻ᩩÞßᓄPQà᦮ᫀC᧕᧕┯1.ã¶äᣚæ2021çᓅ,15,3ᑖ'Na£rOḄ⏚ឋ9zéḼHl0ḄëᜧᓄCr0ᵯ:ᑴᜓ3oCrUḄoᳮ᝞ᡠ஺(ᑡ|┯íḄ-Hg2·iIk¸defᣚhA.ᵯ:îᐕðHÌã¶äᣚæB.ᡂ0,WᵪḄóµ~81C.ᵯ:1ôõF▢᩽Vz0HḄl0ëᜧA20⚓ᐳ46⚓

20D.CrO,ḄᡂKCrQᔆ+21÷2Cr0+H032ᫀA2.ᵯ:oᳮḄᵨ2021ᐰøᵬ13,6ᑖ'úû⏚-1ü⌕ḄᓄÃõ¬,yþᵨ᝞(ᡠḄᵯᓄdᔠᡂ஺Ḅÿ᩽
ḄH0II0H,ᙠᵯᵨᑖᔣ᩽஺ᑡ2Ḅ!"I-------------------[W]-------------------1ooH铅IIIIOJB石HO—C—C—HII/r墨电vf»¼⏚H()电极00+\/极¾III+2B-rH———OHOHH-»-⏚—一⛳Á»Â⏚Ã᩽h»-¼+KBrA.KBrᙠ#$ᵯᓄ&ᔠᡂ)*+,ᵯ-ḄᵨOOOOIIIIIIIIB.□᩽#Ḅ/01HO—C—C—OH+2H+2e—>HO—C—C—H+H02C.ᑴ42mol56⏚8ᳮ:#᜜ᵯ<=1molᵯ>D.?᩽
ḄHᙠ᜜ᵯᵨᔣ@ᵯ᩽AᔣBᫀD3.EὶGH2022IJKL&ஹ᝞O&ஹPᛆ&R᪥ὶὃ,11MFCᵯUVᢈXY◤⌕᜜\]^ᓽ`ab,c)dbefgᵫf0Hᜐᳮᨵklmᱥ,`o4KᦔḄqrsᓄᦔt஺ᐸ὚ᔠwxyᳮz{|᝞,ᑡYḄA.ᵯ>}Aᔣa-Y,X-*bA21⚓ᐳ46⚓

21B.Yᵯ᩽#4~02Ḅ/0O2+2e+21fH202C.5`ᙠ⏚ឋḄ᛻ᵨD.ᳮ:#5db1molefgᵫf8ᵬᨵ2molHM}ᑮNBᫀC⚪ឤᵯ᩽/01Ḅᑏ1.ᑡᱥ-,᪗4ᜫ஺᩽ᱥ-ᜫᵯ>,abᓄ/0᩽ᱥ-4ᵯ>,ab¡y/0஺2.¢᛻8£ឤ஺ᙠᵯ-¤¥!ᡈᰚ¨᝱"⌕bᡂª«Ḅᵯ᩽dᱥ,◤¬{HtOHஹH2ᔲ¯\/0஺£°⍳ᵯ₹ឤஹ-^ឤ4ᜫᵯ>ឤ஺1.2018³´11ᨴ⌱ὃ,17,2ᑖ"ᨬ¸,¹&ºẆa=“ᐰ¾ᵯ”8ᐸÀyᳮ᝞|ᡠz஺ᑡYB.᩽Ḅᵯ᩽/0H2-2e+20H-2H02C.ᵯḄÂ/02H+0—2H0222D.ᵯ-¤¥NaᔣÃ},CIO4ᔣÄ}BᫀCÅ22⚓ᐳ46⚓

222.2022ÈÉÊËÌ,12Íᰚ¨Î⏚ÏÐᧇᵯḄÀyᳮ᝞|ᡠz஺ᑡᨵᐵÓᵯḄḄ!ᵯ᩽A,Ô8Õ᩽B\/COஹH,ஹ—Q----°2ஹᵯNa*COHOIco;-2<2A.ᵯ᩽BÓᵯḄ᩽B.ᵯÀ,COgᔣᵯ᩽A}C.ᵯ᩽B#abḄᵯ᩽/00Û4e—202D.H¯ÜḄᵯ᩽/0H+2OH-2e=2HQ2BᫀB3.2021ᓭÞஹÏß,9àáâᵯ-âwḄẆãᵯᓄ&ẆãḄä⌕⚞æç஺ᵨ>èᣚ
H7NH1Nafion
ᵯ-,ᙠ«ᩩëìí=îïîðᵯᓄ&ᔠᡂñ,yᳮ᝞|ᡠz஺ᑡYḄ♦-$2L$ߟᵯ᩽MᙠÉdefᣚhHyH—-,ᵯ᩽N3N2NH,ஹÊஹËA.ᵯ᩽MòᵯóḄ᩽B.>èᣚ
H;NH1ôõᙳ÷ᢝYùC.H7NH1>èᣚ
ᐹᨵKḄûü->]ýD.▢᩽Ḅᵯ᩽/01:N?+6e+6K^2NH,2If+2e=H2t:1A23⚓ᐳ46⚓

23
ᫀB4.(2019᪗HI,13,6ᑖ)ᓣᵯᦔ᳛ឋ,ᑭᵨ!"Zn(3D-Zn)#$%ᦔ&'ZnOḄᱯ*,+,-.ᵨ/0ឋᵯ12Ḅ3D-Zn-NiO()H34ᵯ,5᪀᝞8ᡠ:஺ᵯ<=Zn(s)+2Ni00H(s)+H0(l)>ZnO(s)+2Ni(OH)(s)220ÌÍÎÏÐÑᵯÒᙌNiOOH◞h3D-Zn?ᑡAB┯DḄE()A.!"ZnᐹᨵI%Ḅ⊤☢'Lᡠ&'ḄZnOᑖᦣN%B.ᐙᵯP□᩽<=Ni(OH)(s)+0H-(aq)-e—NiOOH(s)+H0(1)22C.SᵯPT᩽<=Zn(s)+20H(aq)-2e^^ZnO(s)+H0(1)2D.SᵯUVWOHXU◞Z[T᩽\]ᔣ_᩽\
ᫀD5.(2020᪗III,12,6ᑖ)`a%ឋbḄ0ឋcᓄe(VBJ—fgᵯ᝞8ᡠ:,ᐸWᙠVB,ᵯ᩽jk<=:VB+160H-lle—VO^+2B(0H)t+4H0mᵯnoP,?ᑡAB┯DḄE()22oA.TpXU0.04molᵯqP,ᨵ0.224L(᪗r"s)0tuv<=B._᩽\wxḄpHyzஹT᩽\wxḄpHᓣ%C,ᵯ|<=4VB2+IIO2+2OOH+6HQ^8B(0H)t+4Vo;D.ᵯ}ᵫᔠᵯ᩽TpஹVB஺ᵯ᩽ஹKOHwxᑮᔠᵯ᩽A24⚓ᐳ46⚓

24
ᫀBÕÖ×Ø#ᐙᵯᵯᵯ᩽<=Ḅᑏ#ᐙᵯᵯḄ外接电源负极—LÞ,ᵯ᩽阴极IÙÚÛÜ：ᐙäᐙᵯßà`᩽:ÝᓄÛÜ阳极áLâ᩽:ÝᓄÛÜ:—」ᵯᵯåÙÚÛÜ外接电Þ,ᵯ᩽源正极ᐙᵯPᵯ᩽Ḅ#“TTo▢᩽,__o□᩽”஺SᵯPḄT᩽<=ᐙᵯPḄ▢᩽<=⌮<=,SᵯPḄ_᩽<=ᐙᵯPḄ□᩽<=⌮<=஺T_᩽<=ᣚᔣᵯq]⚗ᓽ#▢□᩽<=஺6.2021¡6ᨴ⌱ὃ,22,2ᑖ¥ᐰ§᝱ↈZ┞«qᵯ¬☢5᪀᝞8ᡠ:,ᵯ᩽AᨔấↈZ,ᐙᵯPLiᵯqᡂLi±ᐭmↈZᩞᧇW;ᵯ᩽BLiCoO/ↈZ;¶}·¸¹ᵯoᵨ஺?ᑡABº_»ḄEA.ᐙᵯPL¶}·Av᜜ᵯ½ḄT᩽¾B.SᵯPL᜜ᵯ¿XUamolᵯqP,LiPONↈZᵯ12ÀᜫamolLiC.SᵯP,ᵯ᩽B_᩽,<=#⊤:Li-Co0+xLit+xe=LiCo01x22ßᵯD.ᵯ|<=#⊤:LixSi+LiwCoOaWSi+LiCo02
ᫀBA25⚓ᐳ46⚓

257.2018᪗n,12,6ᑖᡃÃẆj-`aÅÆ?“#Çᔾ”ḄNa-É34ᵯ஺NaClOLwÊᨵËwᑺoᵯ1xLÍTpÎÏÐḄ╋ÒᑖÓoᵯ᩽ᩞᧇ,ᵯḄ|<=3COz+4Na-2NaC0+C?ᑡAB┯DḄE2t!oA.SᵯP,CIO4ᔣT᩽]ÔB.ᐙᵯPÕSCO2,SᵯPᔾᦈC0C.SᵯP,_᩽<=3CO+4e-2C01-+C2D.ᐙᵯP,_᩽<=Na'+e×^^a
ᫀD8.2021ᓭXÚÛWD13`a#ᐙᵯ┞«qᵯḄ:Ü8᝞?,ÝÞLi-CoO3Wxீl,?ᑡᐵÊ┞«qᵯḄABº_»ḄEA.SᵯPᵯ|<=Li,-Co0+LiA^LiCo0+Cx226B.SᵯP,Liᙠᵯ12WᵫT᩽XUAZᔣ_᩽á]C.ᐙᵯPLâã]1mole,äåᵯ᩽æç7xgD.ᐙᵯPL□᩽Ḅᵯ᩽<=LiCo02-xe==Li^CoOa+xLi"
ᫀC9.2021èᓭ,10,3ᑖé/ëx}ᵯE`aᐜíḄîwxᵯ12ᵯLïð=ᵨÊñkb½òbóbᵯÒḄᜓᵨᵯ½õ஺ᓫ·÷ὶé/ëx}ᵯnoùᳮ᝞8ᡠ:ûÉ26⚓ᐳ46⚓

26èéêëBqïឋBr?ðᔠÃ᩽ឋ7Áᛛᧇᵯ᩽,ᵯ᩽ᱥñò?ᑡAB┯DḄEA.SᵯP,N᩽_᩽B.SᵯP,äåþxᘤZnBr,ḄC.ᐙᵯ,M᩽Ḅᵯ᩽Zn2t+2e—ZnD.◞ᐕ□,ᐕ▢ᫀB10.2020᪗1,12,6ᑖ!"#$%&'()*+,-Zn-CO2./0ᵯ1஺ᵯ1345᝞7,ᵯ᩽89:;⌱=ឋ?ᓄᩞᧇ஺Cᵯ,DEFGCO”HIᓄJKᱥ0ᵬ⏚O,PQR᛻;TUV⚪XY)*+,⌶[஺7ᑡ]^┯`Ḅa)A.Cᵯ,b᩽Zn-2e+40H—Zn(011)2-B.Cᵯ,1molCOIᓄHCOOH,IcḄᵯᦪ2molC.ᐙᵯ,ᵯ1e2Zn(0H)i-^2Zn+0t+40H+2H022A27⚓ᐳ46⚓

27D.ᐙᵯ,g᩽hi011ᓣkᫀDl-ᵨnឤpqᙠᵯᓄ#stḄᵨᵯᓄ#auᓄvw,ᔜᵯ᩽yIcᵯḄᱥ0Ḅz{O,|}aᓫ*ᵯ1vaὶᵯ1,ᙳ᪷ᜫᵯnឤst஺P⚪ᐵ1.ᵯ᩽⌕ᑖ2.ᵯ᩽ᱥ⌕ᑨ3.ᔜᱥzḄᐵ⍳ᜫᵯnឤ4.ᵯ᩽,ᮣᵨᐵP¡¢Ḅᵯᓄ#stV⚪஺11.2021£¤,10,2ᑖ!¥K0Hhi¦G,ᑖ§¨ᡂCH0H-0.N2Hª0?ஹCHNNH-0¬ᧇᵯ3232221஺7ᑡ]^gḄaA.Cᵯ®,Kᙳᔣb᩽c°B.Cᵯ®,K0Hᱥ0ḄzᙳC.±ὑO0zᧇ³CHJ2NNH2-O2ᧇᵯ1Ḅᳮ}CᵯzᨬᜧD.±ὑ1molO2,ᳮ}yN2HH2ᧇᵯ1FGᱥḄG·ᙠ᪗¸¹711.2LᫀC12.2019ᜩ»ᳮ¼,6,6ᑖ!ᡃ¾"#$Ẇᑴ)*+,-ḄkÁTz:*ỚÃiÄᵯ1,ᐸÆÇwᳮ345᝞7஺5ÈiᘤJÊᵯP0hi³Xkᵯ1ḄËz஺7ᑡÌÍgḄaÎ!Ï28⚓ᐳ46⚓

28A.Cᵯ,aᵯ᩽LBr+2e—2I+BrB.Cᵯ,hiḄᦪÒÓᜧC.ᐙᵯ,bᵯ᩽ÔÓÕ0.65g,hiᨵ0.02molIHuᓄD.ᐙᵯ,aᵯ᩽×᜜ᵯUb᩽ᫀ1l-Ù#¥Úᵨpql-l-ÛÜwᵯ1wᳮḄᵨ1.ÁÝ89Ḅ°ឋÞß஺2.àᓄ#᳛஺3.ᵨâ89Ḅ■ä஺4.åsᑴÇᓄ#ᵯU஺1.2021æᓅ,2,3ᑖ!“éêëì”aᡃ¾îᱥ0ᦻᓄ⍡ñ*஺òÆóôõᑖuᓄḄìö╨øâêᘤ⊤☢,óûᵨüýᣆýÿᤍ
ᘤ
⊤☢⌲,ᐝ஺ᑡ┯ḄA.
Ḅឋᜧ!B."#$ᤍ%&'ᵯ)*+,C.%-./0ᢝᐝ2D.ᵨ456
789ᫀD2.2022;<1ᨴ⌱ὃ,21,2ᑖpHABCDᵨEᵯFEᳮHI+,pHḄJᘤ஺᝞LᡠNOPᴻᵯ᩽ᙠᱯᑴPᴻↈWᳫᑁZ[\]^_ḄHC1+,,`aᐭAg-AgClᵯ᩽cdBAg-AgClᵯ᩽aᐭfH+,ghᡂᵯF,pHjᵯFḄᵯkElᙠᐵn:pH=E-pᦪ/0.059஺ᑡrstuḄv29⚓ᐳ46⚓

29A.᝞zPᴻↈWᳫᑁᵯ᩽Ḅᵯk{ᑣ}ᵯ᩽~AgCl(s)+e-Ag(s)+Cl(O.1molL')B.PᴻWᑁ᜜^_Ḅ8ᵯkḄᓄC.ᑖH\]pHḄ᪗+,c]+,ḄᵯFḄᵯk%]+,ḄpHD.pHA.,ᵯᓄᓄ9ᫀCÕÖ×ØᣚWḄᵨ1.◞WḄcᵨôᐕö□de÷Dø■:□ᣚW'Bù▢deÁ1÷ôᐕö▢de÷Døù□deÁ1÷■:*ᣚW¢A¤ᐕ¦*(H-)"#◞dúûᱥmD■ùýþÛÜᵨᱥḄᑴᜓᵨᱥᑖஹ2.ὃk(1)“W”ᦪIᓄ:ᓫWBªWf¬W஺(2)“W”Cᓄ:▢ஹ□ᣚWB*ᣚWB¯°ᱥ◞WBª᩽◞W஺(3)“W”ᵨᓄ:ᣚBᱥ*ᑴᜓBᑖ&³´஺3.ᣚWḄᑨ¶·sপᑏ▢ஹ□(ᡈtஹ¼)¾᩽¿Ḅᵯ᩽~஺(2)ÀÁᵯ᩽~u}ᵯ᩽▬ÃÄCᒕÆ஺v30⚓ᐳ46⚓

30(3)᪷Áᵯ᩽▬Ã+,ᕈᵯgឋ,ᑨ¶ÉḄ·ᔣ஺(4)᪷ÁÉḄ·ᔣ,uᣚWḄ஺3.(2022ËÌÍgফᵯ)ᑴᜓÏ(Co)ḄEᳮ᝞LᡠN஺ᑡᐵ!}Ð[.ḄrstuḄ)▢ᣚA.aᵯÑḄt᩽B.Ïᵯ᩽¿Ḅᵯ᩽~Co*+2e—CoC.IIÒgÓ⏚Ḅ^_ÕÖD.×ØᵨᣚWÙÚᵯ᩽¿8ÛÜCl29ᫀC4.(2021ᜩÞ,11,3ᑖ)LᡠNᵯ)Ð[g,"ᵯßÙÚᵯ᩽II¿ᨵ0'ÜᡂFe஺⌲+),ᑡᑨ¶┯Ḅ()01ᵯ2)*)*ᵯ᩽I3ᵯ᩽IICuCI,WáBâáâ11/)-âBáE4Na,SO,-./ᓶ-.▢ᣚ/ᣚ0.01molFe,O,A.aᵯÑḄ¼᩽B."ᵯBä./ßᔣÙÚᵯ᩽n▬ÃåæÙç+,,èé⁐C.ëḼᵯ)Ḅíî,CuCL+,^_ᜧD.ï0.01molFe஺ðᐰ+).,òóÛÜôõ336mL(ᢚᔠᡂ᪗øù)9ᫀC<31⚓ᐳ46⚓

315.@2021úûü¯ὃ〉ᔁ,10Aª᩽Wᙠᵯÿ᪆
ᵨ,ᵫ□ᣚ▢ᣚᔠᡂ஺᩽ᑁ,
ḄH0ᡂH0H,!ᑖ#$%ᣚᔣ'()*+,஺2-.NaBr/0Ḅᵯ2᪆3456.஺NaSONaBrNa,SO244-.EF.-.EF.G.(2Ḅ@ᱥHBr/0B.=>5Ḅ@ᱥB⏚/0C.BrDEFGᨬIJᐭ□᩽0
D.▢᩽ᵯ᩽LM2H4+2e—Ht2NᫀD6.@2020PQ,10,2ᑖRS*ᱥῃFᵯU

32C.|ᵯ}
~,1molᵯ,opkᳮ◀F58.5gD.ᵯUV,:ஹy᩽@*ḄᱥḄ2'1NᫀB7.@2021ᓅ,9,3ᑖRK-@XᵯU᪀᝞.,ab'ᵯ᩽gᐸ
Vᓫᱏ஺ᐵᵯU,-ᑡ89┯xḄ

338.@2020ñò1ᨴ⌱ὃ,18,2ᑖRᙠ´µ¶
,ᣚ9ᵯ⛳øF56.᝞-஺-ᑡ89:;Ḅ?@ḄC1AᓄᡂCLḄDEB.⍝FGᡂAᓄHᩔ▬ḼᱥḄNaClOC.▢᩽ᡂḄLEMN"OPQRᐰᙢ᣸ᐭᜧVD.□᩽⊤☢YᡂḄMg@0HA,Z[\◤⌕4_`ᳮbᫀD10.@2021defgὃ〉Eᔁ9Aᑭᵨᵯm?C0,nᓄCH,Ḅoᳮ᝞/ᡠ1஺6ᑡpmqrḄ<@A<34⚓ᐳ46⚓

34A.ᵯtu,vᵫa᩽xᔣb᩽xz{B.ᵯ᩽b|DEC0+8HC03-8e^^CH4+8C0}+2HQ2C.ᵯtuᓄnᓄᵯD.ᵯNNa2soiᢝbᫀA11.@2020,13,4ᑖ2ᵨ)ឋᵯ᩽,GAVoᧇ"tᵯmᑴᜓAḄ'᝞/ᡠ1஺ᶍᓄḄ
6ᑡpm┯;Ḅ<-2O0质子%0.交:a᩽换膜A.□᩽DE2HO-4e^^=4Ff+0t22B.ᵯN
□᩽ḄpHC.ᵯtu,Iᵫa᩽xᔣb᩽xz{D.ᵯN,a᩽ᡂḄ0'b᩽DEḄQ'Z¡bᫀIA12.@2022╋d_
11Aᨬ¤ᡃ¦§¨GC0,©ªoᧇ«¬ᵬ⏚°©±Ḅg⌱³ឋᔠᡂ
µᔠᡂḄoᳮ᝞6/ᡠ1஺¶35⚓ᐳ46⚓

35CHJCHJ.CNHCOO@z{AC0'CH@CHANH,|27@z}A_I_n/_I_n2,O,Ar___N_a_O_Hᣚ6ᑡpmqrḄ<-2A.Ni2Pᵯ᩽ᵯ¹º᩽»¼B.In/InzOzᵯ᩽|Fᨵ¾¿ᱥᡂC.ÀᣚÂ□⌱³ឋÀᣚÂD.ᙠNi2Pᵯ᩽|>ḄDECH@CHANH-4e+4Oir^CHA@CH.ACN+4H0t27262bᫀDÃ᛻EᵨÅᓫÃ᛻1.fÇ6ᓄᵯ¹Mg-H஺ÈᧇᵯÉ@2022ʶËÌÍ,9AMg-HÎÈᧇᵯÉ<ÏfÇ6ᓄA.ᵯÉÐÑN,ᵯÒ⌕nᓄᓄB.ᵯN,b᩽xḄᜧC.ᵯN,a᩽xḄpH6<36⚓ᐳ46⚓

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37D.&⌕ῃ◀1molNO2,ᳮ*◤,ᐭCH,Ḅᱥ/Ḅ0#2mol1ᫀD4.3ᵯᔆ56Ḅᜐᳮ@2022ᓭ9ஹ;<=>,11A3ᵯᔆ56?ᜐᳮ@ᑮBCḄS0DᵨFᵯGHI2,J⏚Lᐸᳮ᝞ᡠ஺ᵯGLᑡNḄOPA.ᵯ᩽b#᩽B.QRSHᵫa᩽Tᔣb᩽TC.ᵯ᩽aḄᵯ᩽!":SOV2e+2HQ=W'+50ZD.a᩽[ὑSO?b᩽[ὑ0,]ὅᱥ/Ḅ0_1ᫀIA`ᩖb᛻5.d᩽eᵯf᪆hiᢈk@2022l┱n╋pqrẆt,13Ad᩽eᵯf᪆hiᢈkuᣓwḄC02xᓄ#CaC஺,z{ᓄ|},ᐸᳮ᝞ᡠ஺d᩽eS~SḄ0ᡂH0H,ᙠᵯᵨᑖᔣ]᩽஺ᑡNḄ@A阴离子电极双极膜交换膜.A.]d᩽eS~SḄHᙳᔣ38⚓ᐳ46⚓

38B.&SᜧLᑣᨵᑭFCO஺Ḅ{ᓄ|}cCO§
C.ᵯt~,⏚S;⏚ḄᜧᵯD.¡ᢈkSᵯhi¢!Ḅ£¤¥"#2Ca1+2C0+4H0—2CaC0I+2H?t+0t+4H22321ᫀB6.ᵯᓄ¦§¨Ḅ3©ᢈkª«RᵯG@2022n¬®,12A¯°ª«RᵯGᵯᓄ¦§¨Ḅ3©ᢈk±t஺²⏚³ᔠª«RᵯGḄ]᩽ᵯ/ᑖᕈ⏚ឋឋLᐸᳮ᝞ᡠ஺ᑡᨵᐵNIEᴁḄOPc□▢°A.᩽ᵯ/QRᕈ⏚ឋB.¹ᵯ,ªº»HḄᵯ᩽!#Zn+40H-2e—Zn@0HAtC.¹ᵯ,¼x1molᵯ£,S~ῚᑁḄQRSu¿À1molNaClD.§¨L!u¡ᵯGḄiÁᵯ᩽Â᜜ÂᵯḄ᩽1ᫀC7.ÄHᱥῃ;ᵯGᜐᳮÅÆÇÈÉÆÊᓄ@2022᝞ËS¦〉!ឋὃÎt,10AÄHᱥῃ;ᵯGÏDÐᜐᳮÅÆSḄCHsCOOHNH',ÑDÐÇÈÉÆÊᓄ,ᳮ᝞ᡠ஺ᑡḄ@AA.Hᱥᵯ᩽b#ᵯGḄÒ᩽<39⚓ᐳ46⚓

39B.ᵯ᩽aḄᵯ᩽!"#CH£00H-8e+802c0Zt+6HQC.¼Hᡂ᪗ÔÕÖ2.24LNᵯ×Sx0.6molᵯ£2,D.£Øᣚea#□£Øᣚe,£Øᣚeb#▢£Øᣚe1ᫀC40⚓ᐳ46⚓

40Ü⚪⚪Ü⚪¤1.@2022lᓅpqrẆ,10AH஺nᵨḄß⁐áᓄᑺ,Dᵨ᝞ᡠãäᵯ1L00''ᑴᜓᑡNḄ@Aᦔ⌱ឋᓄᑺᣚA.Hᔣaᵯ᩽B.ãäç¥Saᵯ᩽[ὑḄ0'ᜧFbᵯ᩽HᡂḄ02C.bᵯ᩽Ḅᵯ᩽!"#2H0-4e—OU+4H'2D.ᵯHᡂ1molHQ,ᵯ£xḄᦪ¯#4X6.02X10231ᫀD2.@2021él,12,3ᑖP,çᑡ¤Dᑖê@ë0:জ,çᵯê@NiOOHH2@ãäì᝞2ᡠPíঝᙠ90࠷uᵫ00ðHa!HᡂNi@OHA'ê@ñᑡḄOAA.ᵯKOHQRḄᱥ/Ḅ0¿òB.ᵯ□᩽ᵯ᩽!":Ni(0H)+0H-e^^^li00H+H022C.ᵯḄ¢!¤¥":20ó2H"+0ztD.ᵯç¥Sx4molᵯ£,ᳮ*Dê@22.4L02<41⚓ᐳ46⚓

41⊡ᐙö÷ö÷জᑏú,硤ê@@Lç¥S,»H!Ḅᓄ¦¤¥"஺ö÷ঝûᵨ“K=22.4L-mol1"üý◤⌕þìÿ?ᫀB⊡ᐙᫀᵯজᵯ2Ni@OHA—2NiOOH+H?tᙠ90࠷,NiOOHHQḄᓄ2o4Ni00H+2H0—4Ni@0HA+01222oঝজ〉ᵨ!"#$%&'()$ᓫ+%&',()$-ᔠ%&/%&0123஺56:8ஹ⏀;ஹSO3ஹHFஹCC1.<ஹ=>?ᙠ᪗ABCD2$%&஺ঝEᵨᩩG:᪗ABC஺ᙠH᪗ABCD2IUJ6Eᵨ஺3.@2016ᓅLᳮN,12,6ᑖ3ᵨPQᵯ᩽SᡂDᑡᵯVW஺VW+VWX-----||||----mn/ic,«YZI⏚¦ᓄ§-.¨«¬©ḄpHªaஹdᜐ]^_`;bᜐ_b,cde⁐;cjkPQᵯ᩽▬mᨵ%opq;nᜐᨵ%op[!ᜐghi_ᓄq……DᑡVW[!Ḅsᡈuv2ᔠᳮḄ$@AA.aஹdᜐ:2HQ+2b^Ht+20Hw2B.bᜐ:2C1-26^CLtC.cᜐxqy:Fe-2ew^=Fe"D.᪷}VW+Ḅ~ᳮ,VWXmᜐI᪆<42⚓ᐳ46⚓

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