2023广东版化学高考第二轮复习--专题十 化学反应与电能 (一)

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2023
᱐ᓄὃ⚪ᓝᓄᵯ⚣ὃὃᵯẠᵯᳮஹᓄᵯ஺ஹᓄᵯᑖ᪆஺ஹᔠᵯᳮᙠḄᔠᵨ஺Ạ1."2021%&,9,2ᑖ)*+ᜧ-.ᨵᜧ0C0%-45ᨵCO,789Ḅᐰ;᝱ᵯᨵ=>*+?@ᘤBᵯ஺CᵯDEFG>H᩽JKLMN>O᩽JPᵯQ")A.H᩽STU9B.WᵯXYᓄ>ᓄXC.□[\ᵫO᩽^ᔣH᩽D.CO?ᙠO᩽Sbᵯ\cᫀD2."2022fgh,9)ijᐰ-᎛ᵯḄᵯlmᙠᓅopᝍr-30°CḄu᛻wxyJᡂ{ᙢ}~┞[\ᵯὊḄ⚪,┞[\ᵯDKᩞᧇ"L┞[\)>H᩽,LiCoO?ஹLiMnPO”┞Ḅឋᓄᔠᱥ>O᩽,PᵯQᑡOḄ")A.ᓄXYᓄ>ᵯXB.O᩽STᓄ9C.LiJᔣO᩽^D.ᵯY^0.1molᵯ\QJH᩽¡0¢£0.7gcᫀB3."2019¦§4ᨴ⌱ὃ,12,2ᑖ)ᓄᵯᙠ¬®¯ᢈ⚞²³ᨵ%´ᵨ஺1⚓ᐳ37⚓

1EF᜜ÅÀÆ1/ÈKOHËÌḄ◞Î-A40ÏᡷÑÒÀᵯᵬÓ¶·¸'ligᓄ═ஹூ■¼½¾ஹ¿ᓄஹ¿ᓄÀÀÁÀ═ÂᵯÃᑡOḄ")A.ᵬÔZn?.ᔣCuᵯ᩽×ᔣ^l,Cuᵯ᩽▬ÙËÌH,ÚÛÜ8B.ÓÔO᩽Ḅᵯ᩽9Ñ>AgQ+2e+HQ-2Ag+20HC.Ã:ÀÁH᩽,Tᓄ9,ÀÁráↈD.¼:ãᵨ4äQåæJᵯ}¡ËÌḄ⏚ឋ¢èJéᵯXêëcᫀA4."2018¦§4ᨴ⌱ὃ,17,2ᑖ)┞"Li)-í-ᵯḄᳮ᝞ïᡠñ஺ᑡOḄ")ᨵòᵯ}¡;óᵯ}¡ôᵯ}¡õËÌA.EF┞H᩽,Tᓄ9B.Lö÷ᨵòᵯ}¡ᔣõËÌᜐ^lC.O᩽Ḅᵯ᩽920'D.ᵯú9:4Li+O2+2HQ—4Li01IcᫀC5."2022þᓭ,8,3ᑖᵯᙠ⚞ᜓᐵ,┞ᵯ᪀⌼᝞஺ᑡ!┯#Ḅ%&◞()ᴻ◌,A./ᵯ01234ᵨB.N᩽9:;Ḅᵯ᩽<=:2H20+2e-20H+H12C.)ᴻ◌,ᐹᨵIJKLM■ḄOP2⚓ᐳ37⚓

2D.T┞ᵯUVWᵯXᫀB6.&2022ᐰ\ᵬ^10,6ᑖឋᵯ03Zn-MnO,KL⌱ef◞(ᵯ᝞ᡠhK0H23j,Zn"lZn&OHᔆnᙠo஺ᵯpᵯq^ᑡrs┯#Ḅ%&MnO,ᵯ᩽KL⌱e◞(Znᵯ᩽tso,23;InnrA.nxḄK*yz◞(ᔣiiix|}B.ixḄsoᔆyz◞(ᔣnx|}C.MnOᵯ᩽<=:MnO2+4H'+2eMn2++2H022D.ᵯ<=:Zn+40H+Mn()2+4H-^=Zn(0H)ᔆ+Mn"+2HzOXᫀA7.&2022,8ᡃ\⍝Ḅ-ᵯ,᝞ᡠ஺TᵯlZr'Ḅឋឋ23ᵯ0123,pᵯq<=Zn+0—Zn0ᑡᨵᐵTᵯpᵯqḄ!Ḅ%22o&A.pᵯqZn"ᔣᵯ᩽|}B.᩽Ḅᵯ᩽<=:02+2H0+4e4011C.᜜ᵯᵯ¡Ḅ¢ᔣ£ᵯ᩽f¥¦ᵯ᩽D.§ᵯ᩽¨ὑ22.4L&᪗¬®q^ᵯ᩽1¯°±65gXᫀA8.&2020ᜩµ,11,3ᑖᰚ·¸¹ᵯឋº»^%ᐹᨵ=ᵨ¼½Ḅ¾ᵯ஺jḄᵯ<=2Na+xSÂNa2sx&x=5~3,Ä2Vᰚ·¹஺ᑡ!┯#Ḅ%&)HZZJ-IYÆÇ——È┤ÊËᘤ——Na-B-AIRÏЗᰚ·¸'—ᰚ·¹&ÑÒ3⚓ᐳ37⚓

3A.Na2s4ḄᵯLÓNa1…S••S••S••S••P-NaB.pᵯq᩽<=xS+2Na4+2e-^=NaSx2C.NaMNa?S*ᑖÙᵯḄ¥᩽M᩽D.Tᵯ%lNa-B-AI2O3◞(ḄWᵯXᫀC9.&2022ᐰ\Û,12,6ᑖLi-O2ᵯܯÝ^ᙠÞßஹáᜩâ⚞ᐹᨵ»ã=ᵨ¼½஺äåᩭ^çèéẆëᐝ᯿ᐙᵯLi-0,ᵯ&᝞ᡠ஺ᐝ᯿q^ᐝïᓄᵯ᩽ñ;ᵯL&e.Mò&h,ôõ▢᩽<=&Li*e-LiM□᩽<=&LizOMh'-2Lr+OJùᵯúûᐙᵯ஺ᑡrs┯#Ḅ%&I®Iᐝ᯿KLüᣚ(A.ᐙᵯq^ᵯḄ<=LiO—2Li+0222B.ᐙᵯᦔ᳛ᐝ᯿ḄᵯᨵᐵC.ᵯ,Li᩽ᣚᔣ᩽!D.ᵯ,᩽#$%0+2Li-+2e—Li0222-ᫀC10.020182᪗4511,6ᑖ89:;ᐙᵯ┞9>ᵯ?᝞AᡠC஺Eᵯ?ᵯLi'ᙠHIJᩞᧇᵯ᩽ᜐᡂLizO-lxRᡈ18஺UᑡWXYḄZ08HIJᩞᧇ[\ᵯ]^ᏸ`ᱥ◞A.ᵯ,HIJᩞᧇᵯ᩽d᩽B.ᵯ;᜜ᵯhᵯᵫHIJᩞᧇᵯ᩽jᔣ┞ᵯ᩽C.ᐙᵯ5ᵯ]^klmLinHIJᩞᧇo!D.ᐙᵯ5ᵯ?p$%dLiO-—2Li+0l-|80t22x2-ᫀD4⚓ᐳ37⚓

411.02022st,16,4ᑖ8vwxyzCL᧕kzCC1,Ḅឋ^5#}~9:◤ᣚḄjᵯ?,;ᜓ0᝞A8஺ᐙᵯᵯ᩽aḄ$%d:NaTi20PO,83+2Na-+2e^=NaTi0P0i83oUᑡWX32YḄZ08A.ᐙᵯᵯ᩽bZ▢᩽B.ᵯNaClklḄpHC.ᵯNaClklḄᜧD.ᡂ1molCL,ᵯ᩽a^ᳮ¡¢£23g-ᫀC12.020172᪗IH,H,6ᑖ8ᐰ¨᝱┞ªᵯ?«¬ஹᡂ®¯5ᐸ±²ᳮ᝞AᡠC5ᐸmᵯ᩽a³ᵨµᨵ¶·¸Ḅ&ᩞᧇ5ᵯ?$%d16Li+x8-8LiS02Wx<88஺UᑡWX┯¾ḄZ08ᵯ᩽a|τᵨᵯᘤτᵯ᩽bA.ᵯ?±5᩽;#$%:2Li2s6+2Li*+2e-3LiS24B.ᵯ?±5᜜ᵯhmj0.02molᵯ,᩽ᩞᧇÂ0.14gC.¶·¸ḄᵨÃ⌕ZŬᵯ᩽aḄÆᵯឋD.ᵯ?ᐙᵯÇÈÉ5ᵯ?mLi2s2ḄÈH-ᫀD13.02021ÊË1ᨴ⌱ὃ,22,2ᑖ8Ï╍ᵯ?ZÑÒᵯ?,ᐸ±²ᳮCÓA᝞U0LdÔÕ,Öஹ×dØᐵ,aஹbdÙjᵯÚḄÛ᩽8஺:%UᑡWXÝYḄZ08A.ÞØ×ஹᔠ¢K„┼╍ᵯ?ãᓄåæ:ᓄw9ᵯç5⚓ᐳ37⚓

5B.ÞØMஹᔠ¢ᵯᵯ᩽Ad▢᩽5#ë²$%C.ᵯ᩽B#ìᓄ$%ím5klmK0HÝî!ᵯD.Ï╍ÑÒᵯ?Ḅp$%æ:Cd+2NiOOH+2H*ðCd(OH)+2Ni(OH)22-ᫀC4"#14.(2021óô,9,4ᑖ)öᓄᑺTAPP7In(II)Ḅ%ᵨ5ùLi-C02ᵯ?ḄẆûüý~Ḅþ}஺Li-CO?ᵯ
᪀ᓄᑺᵨ᩽Ḅᔊ᝞ᡠ஺TAPP-II)¥()3+CCC)2ஹLi+q/7/i*ஹe-I,LiC0,LiCO,f21COLi\e2Li,CO,''-"CO'CO,JJ\e-ᑡ┯"Ḅ#()A.Li-CO?ᵯ
.ᵨᨵ0ᵯ12B.ᐙᵯ5,Li'ᵫ᩽ᔣ:᩽;3C0+4Li+4e^^2LiC0+C223DJLiCOzஹ*C0ஹJK஺LCM#᩽ḄNOPᱥRᫀD15.(2020VWᓫY,20,14ᑖ)C(VHC00H]^ᙠ`Ḅab/d=ஹeᧇᵯ
gh☢ᐹᨵk⌕ᵨ஺(DCO,ᓄm`஺ᙠnopᘤNLᔣrᨵᓄᑺḄKHCO,t2(CO2uKOHt2ᑴw)Nxᐭz{ᡂHCOO,ᐸ~h>;ᐸᩩ,HCOJᓄ>HCOOḄᓄ᳛Ḅᓄ᝞1ᡠ஺ᙠ40ஹ80࠷ᑁLHCOgᓄm`Ḅᓄ᳛ᓣLᐸ⌕#O20406080100120/t16⚓ᐳ37⚓

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=ᵯḄ°¬#x¢1IC001Iu02Ḅ,²ᓄ®ᓄ>ᵯ,ᐸḄ~h>஺(3)HCOOHᓄd`஺ᙠᓄᑺᵨ,HCOOHᑖ1{ᡂCO2³Ḅ0ᳮ᝞3ᡠ஺$3জHCOODᓄd`◀{ᡂCO,¶,·{ᡂ(ᓄ®)oঝẆ¹º:ᐸᩩ5L¼HCOOKt2½¾HCOO1Iᓄd`ḄᦔÀÁÂ,ᐸᐹÃÄÅ#஺%ᓄᑺRᫀপHCOg+Hz—HCOO+HQᓣÉ᳛Êᜧ,ᓣÉᓄᑺḄÌឋÊÍ(2)জHCOO+2011-2e-HCOg+HQH2soiঝ2HC00H+20H+0z^2HCOg+2HzOᡈ2HC00+0^2HC0&2(3)জHDঝÑÉd=`ÒḄ᳛LÑÉd=z`ÒḄÓ16.(2018ᜩÖᳮ×,10,14ᑖ)CO?#ØÙÚḄÛÜÝ,ᐸ×ᔠᑭᵨᐹᨵk⌕àá஺âRᑡã⚪å(DCO,¼æNaOHt2ᣓê஺ëᡠwt2pll=13,CO?⌕ᓄ>(ᑏ~ðñ)©ëᡠwt2c(HCOj):c(COr)=2:1,t2pH=o(õ,4থḄK,=4X107,K=5X10")2(2)C02uCH,úᓄk᦮,ᑴwᔠᡂÒå%ᓄᑺCH,(g)+C0(g)'-*2C0(g)+2H(g)22জüýþNÿᐵḄᓄᦪ᝞ᓄ'C-Hc-0H—Hc—-0(C0)'/kJ•mol141374543610757⚓ᐳ37⚓

7ᑣḄூூ=஺ᑖᙠVLឤᘤAឤஹBឤ#$%&'($)ᐭCH”.C0?ᔜ1molḄ6ᔠ89஺;ᘤ(<=⊝?@AᡈᔾᦈḄEFGHḄIJ“A”ᡈ"B"஺ঝᢥOP9%Q)ᐭCHi.C02,ᙠឤ#UV,WXC0.H?Y᳛Ḅ[\᝞]1ᡠ_஺`a⌱Wc900CḄefI_____________________________302ijḄAl-COzᵯopqeᳮ᝞]2ᡠ_஺ᵯoᵯFᜧ,ᨵᦔᑭᵨCO2,ᵯoYᱥAbCO3Iz⌕Ḅᓄpeᧇ஺铝电极(A1CLḄ*+,-$2ᵯoḄ}᩽:____________________ᵯoḄ᩽602+6e-^=6O26CO2+6O2,3c3O+62(2ḄqᵨIOᵯoḄ:____________________ᫀপCO10ফজ+120kJ•mol'Bঝ900࠷,ᔠᡂ8Y᳛G$ᓣWY᳛ᜧ$ὑᓣ,¡ᦔ¢£¤3Al-3e-A¥*ᡈ2Al-6e-2Al*§ᓄᑺ2A1+6C0?—A12Cq3ὃ¬ᵯ®eᳮ¯ᐸᵨஹ±Ạᵯ®oeᳮ஺ஹz³´µᵯ®¶·ᑖ᪆஺¹ᔠᵯ®eᳮᙠVYVº(Ḅ»ᔠᵨ஺8⚓ᐳ37⚓

8Ạ1.2013ᓅ¾ᳮ»,9,6ᑖᵨ¿Àᵯ᩽ᵯ®CuCLÂÃÄ]஺ᑡᑖ᪆ÆḄIa-------------hOÇÈᵯÉOA.aËIÇÈᵯÉḄ}᩽B.ÌᵯÍCuCLUVᵯÎC.□᩽ÐUVḄ:Cu"+2e—CuD.ÌᵯOÒÓ?,ᙠ▢᩽▬Ö×ØᑮÚÛ⁐89ᫀA2.2017Þ᪗II,11,6ᑖᵨᵯ®áᓄâ&ãᙠäᑴæ⊤☢éᡂêஹὊῖ⇨Ḅáᓄî$ᵯ®ïÂÃOðcHfO¥H2c6ᔠÂÃ஺ᑡòó┯õḄIA.ö)päïp÷c□᩽B.&⌱ᵨ┤ùúqc▢᩽C.▢᩽Ḅᵯ᩽c:Al"+3e-A1D.û⏚᪷Îþᙠᵯ®(ᔣ□᩽ᫀC3.2022,10,2ᑖᰚᵯCu,MgSi#Ḅ%ᔠ'(ᧇ□᩽*+ᵯ,,-A1Ḅ/0஺2345A.▢᩽70Ḅ89Mg-2e—Mg24B.▢᩽?AlABᓄC.ᙠᵯEFGH0CuḄ□᩽ID.□᩽▢᩽ḄKLMᓄN#ᫀC4.2021Oᓭ,9,3ᑖR5SᙠT⊝:2NFL=NHj+N%஺᝞`ᡠbᵯcdeKNH?ḄRhᵯᵯ345aஹblmnឋᵯ᩽?pᨵrsH0஺tᑡᨵᐵwxyzḄ{-Iᵯ|I------A.bᵯ᩽}~Ḅ{ᵯ|Ḅ᩽9⚓ᐳ37⚓

9B.aᵯ᩽Ḅ892NH+2e-Ht+2NH&32C.ᵯ345▢᩽▬K'D.ᳮ?l᩽H0ḄrᱥKḄL11ᫀB5.2022105ᨵCuஹPt#ᩖKᵨᵯx⏚ᵯK஺tᑡwxyzḄ{A.¡ᵯ|᩽N}B.▢᩽89¢Ag'+e£=^=AgC.CuஹPtᙠ□᩽¥5¦§D.ᵯ5cAgᐜªᜧ¬ᫀB6.2020®¯7ᨴ⌱ὃ,21,2ᑖᵯ³RCOONa¶⏚·ḄNaOHh,ᙠ□᩽RCOO¸ᵯ¹ºᑮR—R¼½஺tᑡwx¾yzḄ{¿ᵯA.ᵯÀ89Á4¢2RC00Na+2H2஺^R—R+2C0.f+H"+2NaOHB.RCOOᙠ□᩽¸ᵯ,70Bᓄ89C.▢᩽Ḅᵯ᩽89:2H?0+2e-20H+Hf2D.ᵯCH£OONaஹCH3cHzCOONaNaOHÆᔠh¹ºᑮǼஹȼɼᫀA7.2020Ë᪗II,12,6ᑖᵯÎM⁐ᘤѹÒÓÔÕÖ□ᐝØ3᳛,ÚÛ,-⁚Ó஺t`{ÝᵯÎM⁐ᘤÑḄbÞ`஺ß¿ᵯà,Ag.áᐭã⁐W0£ↈæ5,0ᡂAWOᘤÑᕈ-ê⁐,ëì2Mᓄ34,tᑡígs3,î┯ðḄ{ñᵯKAgòᐕôAg¿3ᵯÎM⁐õWOJᵯ|Øö÷ᵯõCJA.Ag□᩽B.Ag'ᵫᵯ᩽ᔣM⁐õúC.WᐗüḄᓄᔠýᓣ³D.À89W0+xAg^=AgWO3sᫀC8.2021ᓅ15,3ᑖNazCnOiḄ⏚ឋ"#$%ḼH')*Ḅ+ᜧ-.ᓄ0CrOᵯ45ᑴᜓCr஺Ḅ9ioᳮ᝞<ᡠ>஺?ᑡA5┯CḄD)FGIiHIJᝠᣚMN10⚓ᐳ37⚓

10A.ᵯ4QRᐕTIVWXIJYᣚMB.[ᡂ£^_Ḅ`ab08c1C.ᵯ4deQfg▢᩽j#$0HḄ)*+ᜧD.CrOaḄ[ᡂlm0CnOᔆ+2H'-2CrO+HO:i2ᫀA9.2018s᪗I,13,6ᑖᨬwᡃyz{|}~dCOz+H2s.ᓄ,ᜩᯠC0?^HS2Ḅᦔ◀஺><᝞<ᡠ>,ᐸᵯ᩽ᑖ0ZnO@ᒹḄZnO^,ᵯ᩽j[lm0cজEDTA-Fe"-e—EDTA-Fe3*ঝ2EDTA-Fe"+HB^2H-+S+2EDTA-Fe2*ᐝ§ᵯ¨EDTA-Fe"zn@o石墨烯ᜩᯠ©©ᜩᯠCljC஺,ஹCHஹCO«Hs«42`JYᣚM-¬®Q?ᑡ¯°┯CḄDA.▢᩽Ḅᵯ᩽lm:C02+2H'+2e-CO+1IO2B..ᓄ±lm:²+³^CO+HO+S2C.´ḄᵯµbZnO©´Ḅ·D.¸¹ᵨFe¸Fe"»¼EDTA-Fe37EDTA-Fe2;#$◤0⏚ឋᫀC10.2022ÀÁ6ᨴ⌱ὃ,21,2ᑖWXᵯ4ÅÆ┞ᵯ¨ḄLiMn஺ÊËÌÍ#ឋḄLi£஺,^Mn0ᵯ42><᝞?ᐸÎÏḄ®ᵨDÐᢱÒÓ⚩ÕÖIJÊ×ᵫWX஺ᵯ4XÙ#$ḄÓÚÛᓄÜᶍÞ~஺?ᑡA5ÞßàḄDÎÏA.ᵯ᩽A0▢᩽[á9lmB.ᵯ᩽BḄᵯ᩽lm:2H20+Mn"-2e—=MnO+4H-2C.ᵯ4deQfg#$Mn")*ãᢝÞÛD.ᵯ4åæ,ÊWXç⁚pH◀Mn21,êëᐭNa2cOs#$îËÌLiC02tN11⚓ᐳ37⚓

11ᫀCIL2021ᐰyᵬ13,6ᑖòó⏚Ddô⌕ḄᓄfÓʹᵨ᝞?<ᡠ>Ḅᵯᓄ{ᔠᡂ஺<Ḅ÷᩽MføḄHQ4I0H,^0H,úᙠüýᵯþ®ᵨ?ᑖᔣ᩽஺ᑡḄIH00铅OIIII石电HO—C—C—HIH—C—C—H墨f⏚HI电极+ீQIIQI+极O0/'OHO———OHHIIII2Br⏚,HO—C—C—H⏚一⛳⏚᩽!⏚+KBrA.KBrᙠ()ᵯᓄ,ᔠᡂ/0123ᵯ45Ḅ6ᵨOOOOB.□᩽(Ḅ9:;HO—C—C—H+B0C.ᑴE2mol⏚IᳮK(᜜ᵯM1N1molᵯPD.᩽!1RS1ḄH'ᙠ᜜ᵯU6ᵨᔣWᵯ᩽XᔣYᫀD12.2021[\,13,3ᑖᑭᵨQaQH"ᵯ4cᓄdef1ᑖgC02Ḅhᳮ᝞j஺klfmn⌱pឋr/!ᵯ᩽Istr/஺ᑡ┯vḄefw2OU-CH-({QHஹjrxCOJ-!,NaHCOஹ!ᵯV-QDᵯ᩽᩽2H,02H+yzyz1T2M᩽N᩽A.a<ᵯ~᩽B.1QḄᱥ5ḄᢝsC.CO?ᙠM᩽hD.ᑖgyḄCO,dyz2᣸yYᫀC.ᔠ13.2019ᓅᳮ,27,14ᑖt~ᨬᐹ:ᵨḄt~,ḄᑴᜓḄẆ஺1ᵬ¡¢f£ᓄ¤᦮ᑴḄX஺জ9:ᘤ1¨©9:Ḅªᡂᱥ<&C0ᐸᱥ5Ḅ<41,ᵬ¡¢f9:ḄX0;2,O®12⚓ᐳ37⚓

12ঝkl9:ᘤ1²ᙠ᝞9:i.CH„(g)+&0(g)—CO(g)+3I-k(g)AHiii.CO(g)+H2O(g)C0(g)+H(g)ºH222iii.CH(g)^=C(s)+2H(g)AH423iii<¾¿9:IᑭᵨºÀAH2ÁÂÃI◤⌕ᑭᵨ9:ḄA1Uঞ9:ᱥᢗᧇÊᵨn(HQ)n(CH,)=41,ᜧͨ©9:Ḅᓄ,ÁᦪIḄ(⌱ÏÐÑÒÓ)஺a.ÔÕCH*cᓄb.ÔÕC0cᓄ

13ঞᑴ+ᔢᵯ᩽3n*./:Ni(OH)+OH-e—NiOOH+H஺ᑴ02&,+qᵯ᩽./⌮ᔣtu,vᵯ᩽32wxyvᵨ14.(2020ᓅ{L15,10ᑖ)HG1⌕ḄᓄLᐸᔠᡂ5n஺(1)ᑴᜓ5.Oa◀:aj,Ba(NO,)^*BaoHTBa0lT*V~~*H02222জIᑖ./,)ᱥ◀BaOஹOz᜜L¢ᨵ¤¥⁐§¨஺©./Ḅᓄ5ª01஺ঝn⌮./L¬t©./ᔣtuḄ®¯1஺ঞIII:*ᡂH஺,./Ḅᓄ5ª01஺টaj°±YZ²³஺´HµḄᓄឋ·¸³<=V:¹ᵨajḄº»:..ফᵯᓄᑴᜓ5½¾./2HA—2H0+0t°Àntu,.ᔣ°Àntu,ᵯwÁÂᵫj0"02ºᧇᑴ22ᜓ%஺,஺ᑴᜓÅÆ஺জa᩽Ḅᵯ᩽./01oঝᑡ<ÈḄ1஺A.©ÅÆwÁÂᵯ°Éᓄᓄ°B.ᵯ᩽bᵯÊË᩽C.©5ÌÍÎᑴᜓ5ᐹᨵºᧇÐÑ,Òy᛻ÔÕÖ×ØÙCᫀ(1)জ2Ba(NO3==2Ba0+4N01+0tঝÛᜧjÝঞBafVZHCl^BaCb+H஺টHGà22á᧕ᑖ,aj■äHzOzᑖফজ0z+2H*+2a^WঝACὃ0æçῖ⇨d■êஹëẠæçḄῖ⇨ºᳮ஺ஹîæçḄ■ê5஺Ạ14⚓ᐳ37⚓

141.ï2019ñòᓫô,10,2ᑖõö÷ø"ùឋúḄûᔠᱥᵨNaClüýþÿ,
᝞ᡠ
Ḅᵯᓄῖ⇨஺ᑡᨵᐵḄḄ!S"#ஹஹ—=ᶭஹ()ᔠᱥM-A.01ᓄḄᵯ᩽3456Fe-3e;^=Fe3-B.ῖ⇨?@ᓄAᐰCDᓄ6ᵯAC.Fឋ(ḄHᙠJKLḄῖ⇨D.NOPQNaClUV,WAXYᔾ1ῖ⇨[ᫀC2.2018ᜩbᳮd,3,6ᑖ!ᑡghḄ!A.ijk,lᐗn⏚HAḄK,rsᑣNaAḄLOvwᦪ!rsB.y╄{|}Cẚ,yW᧕Y┤C.34FᓄAr,34r᧕D.WAᵨ᜜ᐝᑖCH0HCHQCH,25[ᫀB3.2021l,3!“ᨨ”Ḅ⌕ᡂᑖ6ஹOஹஹFឋ(ஹᔾOឋ᪛ᾦ¡ᑭᵨ£¤¥1ᢈ§34X¨஺ᑡ┯ªḄ!A.X¨¡XY«ᔾ1ῖ⇨B.ᵯv¬Fឋ(6᩽C.¡,ᔾOឋ᪛ᾦ®OD.ᨨN¯°±ᵨ[ᫀD4.2022᫥´µ,9!·¸¹ᜧ᫑Ḅ¼½±ᵨ¾¿À120Á⌕Ḅ■ῖÃᨵ:জÆ᫡ÈÉÊᱏ-;ঝ±ᵨឋAÎ{ÎÏ{!ÐÑ;ঞ±ᵨ▬Ḽឋ■ῖÕᧇ;ট⚜ᶇÆῖ⇨Ú஺ᑡᑖ᪆WᔠᳮḄ!A.ÃজঝঞÜAÝÞÆῖ⇨,ßAàᐰá◀B.■ῖÕᧇN■Oஹ◞äGæçᔾ1ῖ⇨L᳛C.■ῖ?@Ê{ᙳᜫëᵯì,⌕XYᓄῖ⇨D.ÆᙠíOXYᔾ1ῖ⇨¡᩽34560,+2H0+4e—40112[ᫀC5.2017ð᪗I,11,6ᑖ!óᥛí·ṹᜮ÷ẠḄÆy᫕wᵨ᜜KᵯúḄ▢᩽üý■ῖ,þᳮ᝞ᡠᐸ
ấឋ□᩽஺ᑡᨵᐵ⊤Ḅ15⚓ᐳ37⚓

15!ᵯ#᫕
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ấḄ=ᵨ=?ὑ□᩽ᩞᧇCD⌴ᵯ!I.&ᐭḄ()ᵯ!GH᪷JK᛻ᩩNOᓄQRS᦮UᫀC6.2020Z[ᓫ],11,2ᑖabcMe.ᙠgh⊤☢,ijklghḄῖ⇨஺ᙠmᡠoḄp᛻qᑡᨵᐵrsḄA.▢᩽Ḅᵯ᩽uGvFe-2ezB.bcMḄ{|ឋ}FeḄ{|ឋ~C.gh⊤☢ᜧᵯ67()D.ghᙠḄῖ⇨᳛}ᙠḄUᫀC16⚓ᐳ37⚓

16᧕2᧕┯1.ᵯᓄPHOᓄḄᑨ2013Z[ᓫ],9,2ᑖMg-HGᵯiᵨ0|Ḅᘤ஺Hᵯ¢ᵯ£¤qo¥m᝞m஺Hᵯ§=¨qᑡrsḄ◞ªA.Mgᵯ᩽HᵯḄ᩽B.«஺2ᙠ¬ᵯ᩽«®¯°ᓄuGC.¬ᵯ᩽▬/Ḅpll´ᜧD.C1ᔣ᩽µ|UᫀC2.¶·ᵯᐙᵯ¹ºᵯḄᐵ»2021¼□½¾,15½ÀÁÂ┞ᐙᵯᵯÄᵨÅᔠªᒹÈḄbc┞C┶⏚┞LiMnzO=ᵯ᩽ᩞᧇq¢Li2soi=ᵯ£¤q§=¨ᵯḄÒuGLiMnQi+Li^LiMn0,22oᑡᨵᐵHᵯḄrsᰚ×Ḅ<5>IE*¶¶S
2-Li+zØÙLi+S஺ÚÙÛÜ•»]abÝÞbßàÙáâãä┞“æ;OJA.Hᵯºᵯ¨,ḄSOᔆᔣᵯ᩽aµ|B.HᵯḄë᩽uGvLi-ez^=Li'C.ᵯᐙᵯ¨q□᩽Ḅ┞ᐗï¤ᑖᦪjñD.òᣵᒹÈbc┞ḄÅᔠªô*bc┞Ḅᑭᵨ᳛ö
UᫀD3.ᵯ£¤¤OᓄḄᑨ2015ᜩøᳮú,4,6ᑖüýþᵯ᝞mᡠo,ᐸ□ᣚᐕ□ᑖ஺ᑡᨵᐵḄ4ᣚ6A.ᵯ᩽!"#$ᓄ&'B.ᵯ)*+,-./01ᵬ)ḄcSO67817⚓ᐳ37⚓

17C.ᵯ)*+,-./01;)<=Ḅ>?@ABD.▢□ᑖEᣚᔣG᩽᩽HI,Kᢝ<=ᵯ₹N⊝PᫀC4.S◞UV2021Z[᥎],16┛`ab□cᵯ)defghib□cᵯ),᝞k,┛`ab□cᵯ)Ḅlmk஺nᵨpᵯ)+ᵯqᵯr⏚ឋu⏚v<=wxyᓫ?u⏚᝞k{ᡠl1ᑡ}~Ḅᐭᐝᐭᐝ┛`ab□cᵯ)mkk,Cu⏚DCrCNa,SO4<=/-?ᣚᵬ)▢;))k{A.b□cᵯ)ᨵ6molᵯH.,Cr!A104gB.Dᵯ᩽"#Ḅᵯ᩽&'f2H1+2e-H2fC.;)ḄSOᔆᔣᵬ)HID.Cᵯ᩽┛`ab□cᵯ)ḄB᩽PᫀAg18⚓ᐳ37⚓

18⚪78987:ឤ<=8787>?ᵯ᩽&'Ḅᑏ1.ᑡᱥ?,᪗ᜫ஺G᩽ᱥ?ᜫᵯ,"#$ᓄ&';᩽ᱥ?ᵯ,"#¡¢&'஺2.£¤᛻1¦§ឤ஺ᙠᵯr?<=(ᡈᰚ᝱)⌕#ᡂ²³Ḅᵯ᩽´ᱥ,◤¶mH'ஹOHஹ¹ᔲ»B&'஺¦N.⍳§ᵯ₹§ឤஹ?@§ឤᜫᵯ§ឤ஺L(2018¿À11ᨴ⌱ὃ,17,2ᑖ)ᨬÆ,ÇÈÉẆ"Ë“ᐰÎᵯ)”1ᐸ*+¢ᳮ᝞kᡠl஺ᑡ}~ÒḄ()A.ÓÔᔾ▬×"#Ë¡¢&'B.G᩽Ḅᵯ᩽&'H2-2e+20HØ-240C.ᵯ)Ḅ>&'2H+0-2HQ22D.ᵯr?<=Na'ᔣÓHI,CIO1ᔣÝHIPᫀC2.(2019ß᪗III,13,6ᑖ)fáᓣᵯ)ã¤ᦔ᳛²³ឋ,ÇÈÉÆæᑭᵨhèéêëìíZn(3D-Zn)ðñòᦔóôZnOḄᱯö1÷øËùᵨúûឋᵯr?Ḅ3D-Zn-Ni00H{ýᵯ),þ᪀᝞
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193.]2020^᪗III,12,6ᑖbcd9ឋfḄgឋhᓄ┦]VBJ—noᵯ᝞
ᡠ,ᐸSᙠVB?ᵯ᩽stSvVB+160H-lle—VOl-+2B]0Hbx+4H0»zᵯ{|D}%ᑡ'(┯*Ḅ,]22A.N~TQ0.04molᵯD,ᨵ0.224L]᪗5b0,B.Y᩽VḄpHஹN᩽VḄpHᓣ9C.ᵯ4VB2+IIO2+2OOH+6H8B]OI1bx+4VO^-D.ᵯᵫᔠᵯ᩽N~ஹVB2ᵯ᩽ஹKOHᑮᔠᵯ᩽ZᫀB4.]2021ᓭஹc,9b¡¢£ᵯ¤¥£¦ḄẆ¨,ᵯᓄ©Ẇ¨Ḅª⌕⚞®c஺ᵨ°±ᣚ"H7NHv"µNafion"|ᵯ¤¥,ᙠc·ᩩ¹%º»¼½¾½¿%ᵯᓄ©ᔠᡂÁ,Âᳮ᝞%
ᡠ஺%ᑡ'(ÄYÅḄ,]bA.ᵯ᩽MÇᵯÈḄY᩽B.°±ᣚ"SH\NH1ÊAᙳᢝÄÍC.H/NHjµ°±ᣚ"ᐹᨵ89ḄÐ¥fÑD.▢᩽Ḅᵯ᩽Ó:M+6e+6ÕÖ^2NH%2ir+2e^-Ht2ZᫀB5.]2021Ú3c,13bÛNH,ÐÜᘤ{|Âᳮ᝞
ᡠ]ᐸS¢£ᵯ¤¥ᐕß02stàWb}%ᑡ'(YÅḄ,]b20⚓ᐳ37⚓

20A.ÐÜᘤḄᑁ᜜ᵯãS}ᵯᙳ,ᵫᵯ·ᔣWäåᡂḄB.ÐÜᘤ{|D,02Ḅᵯ᩽Ó0+4e+2H0-40H22C.ÐÜᘤ{|D,Y᩽æNH,çèὑD.ÐÜᘤ{|D}êèὑ3molO2,tᡂ2molN2ZᫀD87@Aëᐙᵯᵯᵯ᩽ÓḄìᑏëᐙᵯᵯḄî0µ᜜ÇᵯÈïcᵯ᩽τðÂ:▢᩽ñᐙτëᐙᵯτMòN᩽:óᓄóᓄ:□᩽ôᑵö÷øY᩽:ðÂ11-----------------1AL4kùïcᵯ᩽᜜ÇᵯÈY᩽ᐙᵯDᵯ᩽ḄúÇëûü“NÇNþ|▢᩽,YÇYþ|□᩽”஺
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ḄpHD.pHo,ᵯõöᓄ1ᓄfõVᫀC3.(2021÷øù᯿ûü᪥▭ὶὃ,10)Ḅ᫑ᑁKC1ᾦ஺ᵨHzOzFe"ᙠ%&⏚()*ᓄឋḄ-./0ᔠK2/ᵯ4567ᵯ8ᵫ:;᩽4ᐭ>᩽஺ᑡ@A┯CḄD()0.10mol•LMNRS10%H,(\0.10mol•ூJFeCl2VA.XY)/᫑Z▢\8ᔣ:;᩽^_B.a_0.05molᵯ8),cdefZFeChhi0.05molC.jdefZᣚᡂ30%H஺n⏚)/ᵯ8ᵫo᩽4ᐭ:;᩽/p)├᩽Ḅᵯ᩽rs:Fe"-eFe3*D.⏚ឋx.),Fe?•Ḅ*ᓄឋzILOz-;⏚ឋx-),HQ2Ḅ*ᓄឋzFe"-ᫀB87@A\8ᣚḄsᵨ1.◞ḄYᵨᐕ□\8/rf\ᣚ▢\8离:▢\ᤅ*ᐕ▢\8/子,□\8交Lᣚ'+ᐕ8(H+)换膜-◞\ᱥ/■rs-ᵨ¡ᱥḄᑴᜓᵨ¡ᱥᑖ\ஹ¦§2.ὃ¨©ª(1)“”ᦪ®¯ᓄ:ᓫV±V²஺(2)“”³¯ᓄ:▢ஹ□\8ᣚV8ᣚV´µᱥ◞V±᩽◞஺(3)“”Yᵨ¯ᓄ:\8ᣚVᱥᑴᜓVᑖ\¦§¶஺·25⚓ᐳ37⚓

253.\8ᣚḄᑨ»¼A½1¾ᑏÀ▢ஹ□½ᡈÂஹþÄ᩽ÅḄᵯ᩽rsÆ஺½2¾ÇÈᵯ᩽rsÆÉÊᵯ᩽▬Ìͳ\8ᒕÏ஺½3¾᪷Èᵯ᩽▬ÌᕈᵯZឋ/ᑨ»\8_ÒḄ¼ᔣ஺½4¾᪷È\8_ÒḄ¼ᔣ/ÉÊ\8ᣚḄ஺4.½2020ÔÕ,10,2ᑖ¾ÖᱥῃᵯØDV³´ᦔஹÚÛḄÜÝ,ᑭᵨÖᱥᜐᳮᨵâãäåæᵯÜ/&)çèéêäëᓄ஺éìNaClïðêä,ñᵨòឋᵯ᩽/ᵨᜐᳮᨵâãä½ìóClhCOOḄô¾஺ᑡ@A┯CḄD½¾◞1ஹCH^COOb᩽᩽—-—1——ᱥ÷ᨵâïð⏚ឋøMãäêääA.Ã᩽rsCHCOO+2H0-8e-~2co2t+7FT32B.◞1□ᣚ◞2▢ᣚC.ᵯ1molᵯ,ᳮ!◀#58.5gD.ᵯ()*+,-./ஹ1᩽3456Ḅᱥ9Ḅ:;<2=1>ᫀB5.@2021Bᓅ,9,3ᑖGK-Ozᵯ(L᪀᝞O,aQbSTᵯ᩽,ᐸ;+ᓫ9Wᱏ஺ᐵ[\ᵯ(,]ᑡ_`┯bḄc@Gᨵeᵯf1ᨵeᵯg92A.◞ᐕjK,kl,mᐕj0DklB.nᵯᵯoᵫbᵯ᩽qrsoᔣaᵯ᩽;ᐙᵯ,bᵯ᩽□᩽C.341Ahᵯ:4ᡂKOzḄ9:yzὑaḄ9:<|}2.22D.ᵨᵯ(⏚ᵯ(ᐙᵯzὑ3.9gW⏚ᵯ(zὑ0.9g>ᫀD6.@20215•3Gᙠ34ᵯḄᵯ(ᵯ(஺ᵯ(ᵯᵯ᩽ᵯgᓄ┞ᑴᜓᓄ┞ᐸ᝞Oᡠ¡஺]ᑡ_`/¢Ḅc@GAgফAgপ|C(l)inY2[tLiCl2.5F"1?'-0.5mol,L_,1AgN03(aq)¯AgN()3(aq)³▢ᣚ1ᣚ1126⚓ᐳ37⚓

26A.Ag@lGᵯ(Ḅ/᩽,Ag@2Gᵯ(Ḅ1᩽B.ᣚUc▢ᣚC.ᵯ(¶·nᵯ,ᳮ!ᑴᜓLiOHḄ9:24g@ºᶍAgN஺,6¼Ḅ½ᓄGD.¾nᵯ¿Ag@lGஹAg@2GḄ9:ÀÁ@ᙳ500gG,ᑣnᵯ¶·S᩽9:432g>ᫀD7.@2021ᜩÅ11,3ᑖG]Oᡠ¡ᵯgkᵯ.ᵯ᩽IÇ!ᨵ&4ᡂ,FeC⌲Ìg]ᑡᑨÎ┯bḄc@GÏoᵯᵯ᩽Iᵯ᩽IICuCLÕ=«Na,SO,Ö×Ò■▢ᣚ/9ᣚ0.01molFe,O,A.acᵯḄ1᩽B.kᵯ+,-.ᔣᵯ᩽n▬ÛÜÝÞßàá⁐C.ãḼᵯgḄåæ,CuCL½ᜧD.0.01molFez@G3èᐰg,êë3456336ì@ᢚᔠᡂ᪗ðñò]G>ᫀC8.@2021óôõöὃ〉ùᔁ,10Gû᩽ᙠᵯü᪆ùᵨþÿ
ᵫ□ᣚ▢ᣚᔠᡂ஺᩽ᑁ,ḄHQᡂH*0H,"ᑖ$%&ᣚᔣ()*+,-஺./NaBr45Ḅᵯ7᪆9:;

272.¡¢ᩭOᵯᡈᵯ╄ᵯ᩽¥¦Ḅᵯ᩽□᩽§ᵯ᩽¨ᜧḄᵯ᩽▢᩽஺3.ᵯ{|z,yzªᨵḄZnஹFeஹNi¬w®ᜫ°ᵯ,±ᡂw®□cᐭ45,w®¬²ឋ¦uzḄᩖµ□᩽¶Ḅ·h¸¹஺ᵯ&ºᵯ45ḄCu"»¼½¥¦஺4.ᵯ╄□᩽T╄w®Uᜫ°ᵯḄᦪ¿À▢᩽╄w®ÁᑮᵯḄᦪ¿Ãᵯ╄5Ḅ»¼ÄÅÆᢝȱ஺9.2020ÉÊ1ᨴ⌱ὃ,18,2ᑖUᙠ}~.ᣚPᵯ⛳Ð_;

28H᛻ᵨJᓫH᛻1.)ᵯ+ஹᵯ-+ᙠ/012Ḅ34ᵨ620229ᙥ;<=15?@A"BஹCᡂDḄEFG/0121H)ᳮḄIJK᝞M஺A.PQR/012S=TUGVWXYᵨZ[\ᣚ^B.`@Fa□᩽bcNao..HMnO-xe-!===Nao.4i-xMnO+xNa'22C.`;Fa,vᵯwxy=ᵯ-z{|aNaClḄ~ᜧD.ᳮ,ὑ1mol0V4molNaOH2molCL2$ᫀC2.)ᵯ+)ᳮᜐᳮᚗ|Ḅᵨ62022᪥ὶὃ,15?ᓝᜧa⌕“ᡭᜩ¢£ᡊ”=¦§¨■ª⌕«¬஺®Aᑭᵨᚗ°|±²³ᵯஹ´¢µ¶@·wᔠḄ¹ºIJK᝞M஺Mᑡ¼G½¾Ḅ¿6?A.À᫑aK‘ᔣX᩽ÆÇ,C1ᔣY᩽ÆÇB.X᩽▬É{|pHᜧ,Y᩽▬É{|pHËÌC.1molN0&ᙠY᩽³ÎᓄbVᑴÑ0.5molÒ,ÓÆ5molᵯ[D.ᵯÔaÕ7.5molᵯ[=ᳮᐳN2Ḅ·c44.8L6᪗ÚÛÜ?$ᫀD3.ᵯ-GᜐᳮÞßḄᵨ62022àᜮ@<,13?Þß◀Vãäå´æᓾßèRéêë஺®ìẆîïᦋñòóÇôᵯᓄõÞßᜐᳮᢈ÷,)ᳮ᝞KᡠI6ᐸaRcᨵüᱥ?஺Mᑡ¼Gý½¾Ḅ¿6?29⚓ᐳ37⚓

29bᵯL柏祐电电极极MNA.bÿᵯ᩽,ᜐᳮḄᙠ□᩽B.ᜐᳮC1ᑭᵨC.!"#$:HCOg+CJ+OH—CaC01+HQ,Mg"+2OI56Mg7Oil:132D.

30I:.᜜ᵯÊ1molᵯ"G,ᳮËÌÍc¦§ÎÏÐ22gMᫀDᩖH᛻6.ᨵᱥᵯ᩽ᩞᧇḄTUᵯVஹ!"Õᣚ×Ḅ$ᵨ72022ØÙTY,15:ᨵᱥᵯ᩽ᩞᧇᐹᨵᩭÜÝஹÞßàá,6b}᩽ᩞᧇâ᝱ä⏒æç-èTUᵯVḄé᪀᝞jᡠh஺eᑡxy·Ḅ|7:阳离子交换膜-----ᐙᵯ-----mᵯë®MPì⊤Li*ᡈNa*ïðÏ|ᢣᵯVᓫóÎÏᡈᓫóÃqᡠðôJḄᵯðA.ᐙᵯGᨵᵯ᩽aøᓄ#$B.ᐙᵯGõ2mole,Íc!"ö÷2molD.ùᵫLVᣚᡂNa,ᵯVḄïðÏûeÞMᫀD7.ᵯyýᓄþÿḄᵨஹpHᵯᓄḄᵨ2022,16Ḅ!"ᐗ$%⌕'()!"⏚)Ḅ+,-ᙠ/0ᵨ1ஹ234ᵯ᩽/ᵨᵯ67◀஺ᵯ:᝞ᵬ=ᳮᡠ@0AB◀;DEᵯFGH᩽,0AB◀",=ᳮIᑭᵨF/MPO/EᓄPFeKPOST஺UᑡW6XGYḄIZ31⚓ᐳ37⚓

31^A.^0~20minῃ◀Ḅᐗ$Iᐗ$/f234□᩽B.pHij,ᨵᦔmnoiᜧ,Ḅ7◀᳛irC.^20~40minῃ◀Ḅᐗ$I"ᐗ$,f▢᩽ᵯ᩽v,P2Ir+2e-Ht2D.ᵯ6◀,ᨵᦔmCIO}ᓄNILḄP3C10+2NH3—3C1+N+3H022ᫀB8.ᵯ6ᙠḄᵨஹᣚḄᵨ2022ᙥ,16ᑭᵨᵯᓄ=ᳮ0%⌕ᡂᑖNaCl!H஺ᨵᱥAB,◀ᶇḄmᱥ¢£4=ᳮ᝞/ᐸᵯ᩽ᙳP¦ឋᵯ᩽஺¨©:£4,ᐜ«¬KᔠK„°±/«¬K„ᔠ²஺UᑡW6XGYḄI2,Na*Ḅᨵ´ᵯJஹNa+ᣚ,¶·A.ᔠR±Ḅ¹vP2C1+2HzO-Cl1+H1+20H22B.ᔠL±,Na*»¼ᣚ½II¾¿ÀÁHI¾C.£4Âᡂ±/II¾ᨵÃÄNaᒕÆD.ᶇḄmᱥ¢ᙠHI¾ÇᵯÈῃ◀ᫀA9.ÊËÌÍᵯÎḄᵨஹÏ᩽Ḅᵨ2022ÐÑ,15P〉0ÔFḄÕÖឋ!×ឋ,ᡃÙÚÛÜÝÞßᵯᓄàá,ᐸ=ᳮ᝞Uᡠ@஺âᔠR!ãஹᡭ¬å,àáᜐçèᵯé᝱ëâᡭ¬&!²ஹᔠå,àáᜐçÇᵯé᝱஺Çᵯé᝱,Ï᩽íḄHQP1ï!11ᑖðᔣòó¿À஺Uᑡᨵᐵõᵯᓄàá£4ḄW6XGYḄIH÷2O“ZnMnO?QIஹHஹZn()OH/H+Mir*/.+HsoOKOH24Hø═ᵯ᩽öᵯ᩽ᡂ᩽⇖A.èᵯ/øûᵯ᩽P□᩽»ᵯB.èᵯ1üóᵯÎýḄ¹vP2ZnO—2Zn+0t232⚓ᐳ37⚓

32CÇᵯ/ÿὑ1molMnOz,ᳮᨵ2molH,ᵫ᩽ᔣ═ᵯ᩽D.ᳮ,ᵯᓄ!"#$%&'◤⌕*+⊡ᐙH£0,0KOH234ᫀD33⚓ᐳ37⚓

33X⚪Y⚪X⚪Z[1.(202178,12,3ᑖ)<%=ᑡ?@AᑖBCDE0஺2Gজ<%ᵯICDNiOOH04(!"MNO᝞OᡠM)Rঝᙠ90°CXNi()()HYZ[\ᡂNi(OH)?_CD6஺=ᑡa@bcḄe()ROH23A.ᵯIgKOH23ḄᱥiḄjklmnB.ᵯIp□᩽ᵯ᩽Z[r:Ni(0H)+0H-e^^^i00H+H022\ᵯC.ᵯIḄxZ[?&r:2y0=^&t+012D.ᵯI%&'}4molᵯ~,ᳮACD22.4L02⊡ᐙজᑏ<%?@CD002%&'\Z[Ḅᓄ?&rঝᵨ“k=22.4L-mor,wp◤⌕N4ᫀB\ᵯঢ⊡ᐙ4ᫀজᵯI%&xZ[2Ni(0H2NiOOH+H2t஺ᙠ90࠷NiOOHYH2Z[Ḅᓄ?&r4NiOOH+2H4Ni(0H)+0t஺22ঝজ〉ᵨeAeᓫ¡Ae¢ᔠ(¤¥*Z[)஺N:¦ஹ⏀©ஹSOG,ஹHFஹCC1,ஹ¬ஹ®¯ᙠ᪗±²³=*e஺ঝᵨᩩµ:᪗±²³=ᙠ¶᪗±²³=*·¸Nᵨ஺2.(2016ᓅºᳮ»,12,6ᑖ)ᵨ¼½ᵯ᩽¾ᡂ=ᑡᵯI¿À஺ÈÉÊËÌ⏚ÁᓄÂ23ÃÎÏÄḄpHÆÇaஹ1ᜐ_`ab:bᜐac.efg⁐;cᜐjkmn"oᵯ᩽▬rᨵtuvw;nᜐᨵtuvwlaᓄ=ᑡ¿ÀÐḄIÑᡈÓÔ*ᔠᳮḄe(A.aஹdᜐG2H?0+2b^H2t+20HÙB.bᜐ:2C1Clf2C.cᜐ\ÜZ[:Fe-2e-^=Fe21D.᪷Þ¿ÀḄßᳮ¿Àà'mᜐ·᪆Î34⚓ᐳ37⚓

34⊡ᐙᑏᵨÎâᵯ᩽ᵯIËÌ⏚pḄᵯ᩽Z[r஺4ᫀBঢ⊡ᐙ4ᫀᙠ□᩽,Îeãឋᵯ᩽ᵯ᩽åæᜫèᵯ~,\éᓄZ[ᓽCu-2e-Cu";ᙠ▢᩽ᵫïCu?'Dᵯ~·ñòïIf,ᦑ▢᩽eCdDᵯ~\ᡂÎᓽCu2+2e—CuoY⚪?>?জᙠBᧇᵯDE᝞FᑨHᵯ᩽I>?ঝᑏLMBᧇᵯḄN᩽012஺OᫀADঢ⊡ᐙ>?Oᫀ>?জᙠBᧇᵯDERSTUᡈᱥXᓄᔠ[\ᓄᑨHᵯḄஹN᩽,^_RᐭabḄ^᩽"᩽,RᐭBᧇḄ^᩽"N᩽஺>?ঝClk=CH+H0-2e—CH£H0+2H*224.2021hiE10,3ᑖ᝞Elm᝱opqrᵯsᵯ&tuopvᓄᔠᱥLi-Bi஺ᑡḄ()/M᩽}m᝱Li/~Ni^ᰚLiClKC1^N᩽}m᝱Sh-Bi-Sn^┤᜜A.sᵯ&,Mᵯ᩽01"Ni-2e^^=NFB.sᵯ&,Li,ᵫMᵯ᩽ᔣNᵯ᩽C.ᐙᵯ&,Mᵯ᩽ḄXD.ᐙᵯ&,Nᵯ᩽01"LiBi+3e_3Li'+Bi3⊡ᐙ>?>?ᙠᐙᵯᵯDEsᵯᐙᵯSḄᐵIOᫀB35⚓ᐳ37⚓

35ঢ⊡ᐙ>?Oᫀ>?ᙠᐙᵯᵯDEsᵯS1ᵨᵯᳮEᐙᵯS1ᵨᵯᳮEsᵯ&ḄN᩽ᙠᐙᵯ&%▢᩽Esᵯ&Ḅ᩽ᙠᐙᵯ&%□᩽஺y⚪ᢈ{5.2019£᪗I,12,6ᑖᑭᵨuᱥBᧇᵯᳮẆ§¨©ªḄᔠᡂEᵯ$%&-MV27MVᙠᵯ᩽«⏘v®⌴ᵯ°E±᝞ᡠ஺ᑡ┯³ḄA.´µ¶ᨵ$¸ᔠᡂª,M¹ᩩ»©E¼&½¾¿ᵯrB.▢᩽ÀEᙠÁᓄ⏘%ᵨÂu01H+2MV2—2H+2MV'2C.᩽ÀEÃÄ⏘"Åᓄᑺ,N?Âu½01uᡂNH3D.ᵯ$%&X°RSÇᣚÉᵫN᩽Àᔣ᩽À⊡ᐙ>?>?জMuᱥBᧇᵯḄ$%ᳮI>?ঝᙠᵯDEᵯ°Ê°᝞FIOᫀBঢ⊡ᐙ>?Oᫀ>?জ1.˨?ঝᙠ᜜ᵯÑDEᵯ°ÒN᩽Óᔣ᩽;ᙠᑁᵯÑDE□Ê°ᔣ᩽E▢Ê°ᔣN᩽஺6.2021Ö×,16,4ᑖØCo
ḄᔠoᩞᧇÖÚ1ᵨÛÜÛᜩஹÞßᑴ⌼á⚞ã஺᝞"äåmDᵯᑴᜓopØḄTU±஺ᑡḄ□Ê--°---1-1111------τ▢Ê°ÇᣚÉÇᣚÉI|U|ᵪ|36⚓ᐳ37⚓

36A.$%&Ei¨n¨åmḄpiiᙳçᜧB.uᡂ1molCo,I¨åmXᳮìíî16gC.◀òÇᣚÉó,ôõᵯ᩽íÂuḄ01\RᵯD.ᵯö01}2Co"+2H2஺—2Co+Ozf+4H-⊡ᐙ>?>?জMᵯTUḄ$%ᳮI>?ঝᙠᵯᓄûTUD,Ê°ÇᣚÉḄ%ᵨIOᫀDঝ⊡ᐙ>?Oᫀ>?জᵯTU$%&EI¨"□᩽¨Eᵯ᩽012"2H2-4e-4H'+0",HI¨"▢᩽¨Eᵯ᩽012"C(?+2e=Co,ýᡂþᔠÿ,ூ□ᣚᵫIᔣH,C1▢ᣚᔣH஺ঝᣚ᩽◞!"᩽#$Ḅᱥ'(),■"+$ᓄ-./,⌱1ឋ3ᑮ5⊝ᵯ₹ஹ:ᡂ<ᔠ>Ḅ?ᵨ஺□ᣚᐕB□ᣚᔣᵯCDḄ▢᩽ᡈFᵯDḄG᩽▢HIJK;▢ᣚᐕB▢ᣚᔣᵯCDḄ□᩽ᡈFᵯDḄM᩽□HIJK;'ᣚᐕB'ᣚᔣᵯCDḄN᩽ᡈFᵯDḄG᩽,KᐕBᐸP□H▢஺37⚓ᐳ37⚓