英语六级模拟考试题及解析

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英语六级模拟考试题及解析Part I                                Writing                        (30minutes)Directions: Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayentitled ManandComputer bycommentingonthesaying,“Therealdangerisnotthatthecomputerwillbegintothinklikeman,butthatmanwillbegintothinklikethecomputer.”Youshouldwriteatleast 150 wordsbutnomorethan 200 words. ManandComputer PartII       ReadingComprehension （SkimmingandScanning） （15minutes）Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1. Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage. ThirstgrowsforlivingunpluggedMorepeoplearetakingbreaksfromtheconnectedlifeamidthestillnessandquietofretreatsliketheJesuitCenterinWernersville,Pennsylvania.Aboutayearago,IflewtoSingaporetojointhewriterMalcolmGladwell,thefashiondesignerMarcEckoandthegraphicdesignerStefanSagmeisterinaddressingagroupofadvertisingpeopleon“MarketingtotheChildofTomorrow.”SoonafterIarrived,thechiefexecutiveoftheagencythathadinvitedustookmeaside.Whathewasmostinterestedin,hebegan,wasstillnessandquiet.Afewmonthslater,Ireadaninterviewwiththewell-knowncutting-edgedesignerPhilippeStarck.Whatallowedhimtoremainsoconsistentlyaheadofthecurve?“IneverreadanymagazinesorwatchTV,”hesaid,perhapswithalittleexaggeration.“NordoIgotococktailparties,dinnersoranythinglikethat.”Helivedoutsideconventionalideas,heimplied,because“Ilivealonemostly,inthemiddleofnowhere.”Aroundthesametime,Inoticedthatthosewhopartwith$2,285anighttostayinacliff-toproomatthePostRanchInninBigSur,California,paypartlyfortheprivilegeofnothavingaTVintheirrooms;thefutureoftravel,I’mreliablytold,liesin“black-holeresorts,”whichchargehighpricespreciselybecauseyoucan’tgetonlineintheirrooms.Hasitreallycometothis?Themorewayswehavetoconnect,themoremanyofusseemdesperatetounplug.InternetrescuecampsinSouthKoreaandChinatrytosavekidsaddictedtothescreen.WriterfriendsofminepaygoodmoneytogettheFreedomsoftwarethatenablesthemtodisabletheveryInternetconnectionsthatseemedsoemancipatingnotlongago.EvenIntelexperimentedin2007withconferringfouruninterruptedhoursofquiettime(nophoneore-mail)everyTuesdaymorningon300engineersandmanagers.Workerswerenotallowedtousethephoneorsende-mail,butsimplyhadthechancetocleartheirheadsandtohearthemselvesthink.TheaverageAmericanspendsatleasteightandahalfhoursadayinfrontofascreen,NicholasCarrnotesinhisbook TheShallows.TheaverageAmericanteenagersendsorreceives75textmessagesaday,thoughonegirlmanagedtohandleanaverageof10,000every24hoursforamonth.Sinceluxuryisafunctionofscarcity,thechildrenoftomorrowwilllongfornothingmorethanintervalsoffreedomfromalltheblinkingmachines,streamingvideosandscrollingheadlinesthatleavethemfeelingemptyandtoofullallatonce.Theurgencyofslowingdown—tofindthetimeandspacetothink—isnothingnew,ofcourse,andwisersoulshavealwaysremindedusthatthemoreattentionwepaytothemoment,thelesstimeandenergywehavetoplaceitinsomelargercontext.“Distractionistheonlythingthatconsolesusforourmiseries,”theFrenchphilosopherBlaisePascalwroteinthe17thcentury,“andyetitisitselfthegreatestofourmiseries.”Healsofamouslyremarkedthatallofman’sproblemscomefromhisinabilitytositquietlyinaroomalone.

1Whentelegraphsandtrainsbroughtintheideathatconveniencewasmoreimportantthancontent,HenryDavidThoreauremindedusthat“themanwhosehorse trots (奔跑),amileinaminutedoesnotcarrythemostimportantmessages.”MarshallMcLuhan,whocamecloserthanmosttoseeingwhatwascoming,warned,“Whenthingscomeatyouveryfast,naturallyyoulosetouchwithyourself.”Wehavemoreandmorewaystocommunicate,butlessandlesstosay.Partlybecausewearesobusycommunicating.Andwearerushingtomeetsomanydeadlinesthatwehardlyregisterthatwhatweneedmostarelifelines.Sowhattodo?MoreandmorepeopleIknowseemtobeturningtoyoga,or meditation (沉思),or taichi (太极)；thesearen’tNewAge fads (时尚的事物)somuchaswaystoconnectwithwhatcouldbecalledthewisdomofoldage.Twofriendsofmineobservean“Internet sabbath (安息日)”everyweek,turningofftheironlineconnectionsfromFridaynighttoMondaymorning.Otherfriendstakewalksand“forget”theircellphonesathome.Aseriesoftestsinrecentyearshasshown,Mr.Carrpointsout,thatafterspendingtimeinquietruralsettings,subjects“exhibitgreaterattentiveness,strongermemoryandgenerallyimprovedcognition.Theirbrainsbecomebothcalmerandsharper.”Morethanthat, empathy (同感，共鸣)，aswellasdeepthought,depends(asneuroscientistslikeAntonioDamasiohavefound)onneuralprocessesthatare“inherentlyslow.”IturntoeccentricmeasurestotrytokeepmymindsoberandensurethatIhavetimetodonothingatall(whichistheonlytimewhenIcanseewhatIshouldbedoingtherestofthetime).IhaveyettouseacellphoneandIhaveneverTweetedorenteredFacebook.Itrynottogoonlinetillmyday’swritingisfinished,andImovedfromManhattantoruralJapaninpartsoIcouldmoreeasilysurviveforlongstretchesentirelyonfoot.Noneofthisisamatterof asceticism (苦行主义)；itisjustpureselfishness.Nothingmakesmefeelbetterthanbeinginoneplace,absorbedinabook,aconversation,ormusic.Itisactuallysomethingdeeperthanmerehappiness:itisjoy,whichthe monk (僧侣)DavidSteindl-Rastdescribesas“thatkindofhappinessthatdoesn’tdependonwhathappens.”Itisvital,ofcourse,tostayintouchwiththeworld.Butitisonlybyhavingsomedistancefromtheworldthatyoucanseeitwhole,andunderstandwhatyoushouldbedoingwithit.Formorethan20years,therefore,Ihavebeengoingseveraltimesayear—oftenfornolongerthanthreedays—toaBenedictine hermitage (修道院)，40minutesdowntheroad,asithappens,fromthePostRanchInn.Idon’tattendserviceswhenIamthere,andIhavenevermeditated,thereoranywhere;Ijusttakewalksandreadandlosemyselfinthestillness,recallingthatitisonlybysteppingbrieflyawayfrommywifeandbossesandfriendsthatIwillhaveanythingusefultobringtothem.ThelasttimeIwasinthehermitage,threemonthsago,Ihappenedtomeetwithayoungish-lookingmanwitha3-year-oldboyaroundhisshoulders.“You’rePico,aren’tyou?”themansaid,andintroducedhimselfasLarry;wehadmet,Igathered,19yearsbefore,whenhehadbeenlivinginthehermitageasanassistanttooneofthemonks.“Whatareyoudoingnow?”Iasked.Wesmiled.Nowordswerenecessary.“ItrytobringmykidshereasoftenasIcan,”hewenton.Thechildoftomorrow,Irealized,mayactuallybeaheadofus,intermsofsensingnotwhatisnew,butwhatisessential.1.WhatisspecialaboutthePostRanchInn?A)Itsroomsarewellfurnishedbutdimlylit.B)Itmakesguestsfeellikefallingintoablackhole.C)Thereisnoaccesstotelevisioninitsrooms.D)Itprovidesalltheluxuriesitsguestscanthinkof.2.Whatdoestheauthorsaythechildrenoftomorrowwillneedmost?A)Convenienceandcomfortineverydaylife.B)Timeawayfromallelectronicgadgets.C)Moreactivitiestofillintheirleisuretime.D)Greaterchancesforindividualdevelopment.

23.WhatdoestheFrenchphilosopherBlaisePascalsayaboutdistraction?A)Itleadsustolotsofmistakes.B)Itrendersusunabletoconcentrate.C)Ithelpsreleaseourexcessenergy.D)Itisourgreatestmiseryinlife.4.AccordingtoMarshallMcLuhan,whatwillhappenifthingscomeatusveryfast?A)Wewillnotknowwhattodowithourownlives.B)Wewillbebusyreceivingandsendingmessages.C)Wewillfinditdifficulttomeetourdeadlines.D)Wewillnotnoticewhatisgoingonaroundus.5.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutyoga,meditationand taichi?A)Theyhelppeopleunderstandancientwisdom.B)Theycontributetophysicalandmentalhealth.C)Theyarewaystocommunicatewithnature.D)Theykeeppeoplefromvariousdistractions.6.WhatisneuroscientistAntonioDamasio’sfinding?A)Quietruralsettingscontributealottolonglife.B)One’sbrainbecomessharpwhenitisactivated.C)Eccentricmeasuresareneededtokeepone’smindsober.D)Whenpeoplethinkdeeply,theirneuralprocessesareslow.7.TheauthormovedfromManhattantoruralJapanpartlybecausehecould_______.A)stayawayfromthenoiseofthebigcity.B)livewithoutmoderntransportation.C)enjoythebeautifulviewofthecountryside.D)practiceasceticisminalocalhermitage8.Inordertoseetheworldwhole,theauthorthinksitnecessaryto__________.9.Theauthortakeswalksandreadsandloseshimselfinthestillnessofthehermitagesothathecanbringhiswifeandbossesandfriends___________.10.Theyoungish-lookingmantakeshislittleboytothehermitagefrequentlysothatwhenhegrowsuphewillknow__________. PartIII            ListeningComprehension      （35minutes）SectionADirections: Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C） andD）,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletteron AnswerSheet2 withasinglelinethroughthecentre.  11.A)Askhisbossforalighterschedule.B)Tradeplaceswithsomeoneelse.C)Accepttheextraworkwillingly.D)Lookforamoresuitablejob. 12.A)Itisunusualforhiswifetobeathomenow.B)Heisuncertainwherehiswifeisatthemoment.

3C)Itisstrangeforhiswifetocallhimatwork.D)Hedoesnotbelievewhatthewomanhastoldhim. 13.A)Themanisgoingtosendoutthememotomorrow.B)Themanwilldrivethewomantothestation.C)Thespeakersaretravelingbytraintomorrowmorning.D)Thewomanisconcernedwiththeman’shealth. 14.A)Thesuitebookedwasforadifferentdate.B)Theroombookedwasonadifferentfloor.C)Theroombookedwasnotspaciousenough.D)Asuitewasbookedinsteadofadoubleroom. 15.A)Thereasonforlowprofits.B)Thecompany’ssalespolicy.C)Thefiercecompetitiontheyface.D)Thelackofeffectivepromotion. 16.A)Goandgetthegroceriesatonce. B)Managewithwhattheyhave.C)Dosomeshoppingontheirwayhome.D)Havethegroceriesdeliveredtothem. 17.A)Thehotweatherinsummer.B)Theproblemwiththeairconditioner.C)Theridiculousrulesoftheoffice.D)Theatmosphereintheoffice. 18.A)Setanewstoneinherring.B)Findthepricelessjewelshelost.C)Buyaringwithpreciousdiamond.D)ShoponOxfordStreetforadecentgift. Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard. 19.A)Damagingpublicfacilities.B)Destroyingurbanwildlife.C)Organisingralliesinthepark.D)Hurtingbabyanimalsinthezoo. 20.A)Hehadbribedtheparkkeeperstokeepquiet.B)Peoplehaddifferingopinionsabouthisbehaviour.C)Theseriousconsequencesofhisdoingswerenotfullyrealised.D)Hisbehaviourwasthoughttohaveresultedfrommentalillness. 21.A)Brutal.

4B)Justifiable.C)Tooharsh.D)Well-deserved. 22.A)Encouragingotherstofollowhiswrong-doing.B)Stealingendangeredanimalsfromthezoo.C)Organisingpeopleagainsttheauthorities.D)Attackingtheparkkeepersinbroaddaylight. Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard. 23.A)Shehasalreadyleftschool.B)Sheworksforthehandicapped.C)Sheisfondofpracticalcourses.D)Sheisgoodatforeignlanguages. 24.A)Heisinterestedinsciencecourses.B)Heattendsaboardingschool.C)HespeaksFrenchandGerman.D)Heisthebrightestofherthreekids. 25.A)Comprehensiveschoolsdonotofferqualityeducation.B)Parentsdecidewhatschoolstheirchildrenaretoattend.C)Publicschoolsareusuallybiggerinsizethanprivateschools.D)Childrenfromlowincomefamiliescan’treallychooseschools. SectionBDirections: Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkthecorrespondingletteron AnswerSheet2 withasinglelinethroughthecentre.  PassageOneQuestions26to29arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard. 26.A)Encouragethestudentstodocreativethinking.B)Helpthestudentstodevelopcommunicationskills.C)Cultivatethestudents’abilitytoinspireemployees.D)Focusonteachingthevariousfunctionsofbusiness. 27.A)HisteachingcareerattheHarvardBusinessSchool.B)Hispersonalinvolvementinbusinessmanagement.C)Hispresidencyatcollegeandexperienceoverseas.D)HiseducationandprofessorshipatBabsonCollege. 

528.A)Developmentoftheirrawbrainpower.B)Exposuretotheliberalartsandhumanities.C)Improvementoftheirabilityincapitalmanagement.D)Knowledgeofup-to-dateinformationtechnology. 29.A)Reportsonbusinessandgovernmentcorruption.B)Hiscontactwithgovernmentandbusinesscircles.C)DiscoveriesofcheatingamongMBAstudents.D)Theincreasinginfluenceofthemassmedia. PassageTwoQuestions30to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard. 30.A)Theyhavebetteroptionsfortheirkidsthancolleges.B)Theunreasonablyhightuitionisbeyondtheirmeans.C)Thequalityofhighereducationmaynotbeworththetuition.D)Theythinkthattheirkidsshouldpayfortheirowneducation. 31.A)Theydotoomanyextracurricularactivities.B)Theytendtoselectlessdemandingcourses.C)Theytakepart-timejobstosupportthemselves.D)Theythinkfewofthecoursesworthstudying. 32.A)Itssamplesarenotrepresentativeenough.B)Itssignificanceshouldnotbeunderestimated.C)Itsfindingscomeasasurprisetomanyparents.D)Itscriteriaforacademicprogressarequestionable. PassageThreeQuestions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard. 33.A)Anewlymarriedcouple.B)Abusinessacquaintance.C)Someonegoodatcooking.D)Someoneyoubarelyknow. 34.A)Obtainnecessaryinformationaboutyourguests.B)Collectacoupleofunusualorexoticrecipes.C)Buythebestmeatandthefreshestfruit.D)Trytoimproveyourcookingskills. 35.A)Losingweight.B)Entertainingguests.C)Makingfriends.D)Cookingmeals. 

6SectionCDirections: Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten. Peoplewithdisabilitiescomprisealargebutdiversesegmentofthepopulation.Itis(36)______thatover35millionAmericanshavephysical,mental,orotherdisabilities.(37)______halfofthesedisabilitiesare“developmental,”i.e.,theyoccurpriortotheindividual’stwenty-secondbirthday,oftenfrom(38)______conditions,andaresevereenoughtoaffectthreeormoreareasofdevelopment,suchas(39)______,communicationandemployment.Mostotherdisabilitiesareconsidered(40)______,i.e.,causedbyoutsideforces.Beforethe20thcentury,onlyasmall(41)______ofpeoplewithdisabilitiessurvivedforlong.Medicaltreatmentforsuchconditionsasstrokeorspinalcord(42)______wasunavailable.Peoplewhosedisabilitiesshouldnothaveinherentlyaffectedtheirlifespanwereoftensomistreatedthatthey(43)______.Advancementsinmedicineandsocialserviceshavecreatedaclimateinwhich(44)                                                            .Unfortunately,thesebasicsareoftenallthatisavailable.Civillibertiessuchastherighttovote,marry,getaneducation,andgainemploymenthavehistoricallybeendeniedonthebasisofdisability.(45)_______________________________________________________________________.Disabledpeopleformedgrassrootscoalitionstoadvocatetheirrightstointegrationandmeaningfulequalityofopportunity.(46)                                              .Inthemid-1970s,criticallegislation mandated（规定）accesstoeducation,publictransportation,andpublicfacilities,andprohibitedemploymentdiscriminationbyfederalagenciesoremployersreceivingfederalfunds.  Part Ⅳ             ReadingComprehension （ReadinginDepth） （25minutes）SectionADirections: Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.Pleasewriteyouranswerson AnswerSheet2. Questions47to54arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Akeyprocessininterpersonalinteractionisthatofsocialcomparison,inthatweevaluateourselvesintermsofhowwecomparetoothers.Inparticular,weengageintwotypesofcomparison.First,wedecidewhetherwearesuperiororinferiortoothersoncertaindimensions,suchasattractiveness,intelligence,popularity,etc.Here,theimportantaspectistocomparewithanappropriatereferencegroup.Forexample,modestjoggersshouldnotcomparetheirperformancewithOlympicstandard marathon (马拉松)runners.Second,wejudgetheextenttowhichwearethesameasordifferentfromothers.Atcertainstagesoflife,especiallyadolescence,thepressuretobeseenassimilartopeersisimmense.Thus,wearingtherightbrandofclothesorshoesmaybeoftheutmostimportance.Wealsoneedtoknowwhetherourthoughts,beliefsandideasareinlinewiththoseofotherpeople.Thisispartoftheprocessofself-validationwherebyweemployself-disclosurestoseeksupportforourself-concept.Peoplewhodonothaveaccesstoagoodlistenermaynotonlybedeniedtheopportunitytoheightentheirself-awareness,buttheyarealsodeniedvaluablefeedbackastothevalidityandacceptabilityoftheirinnerthoughtsandfeelings.Bydiscussingthesewithothers,wereceivefeedbackastowhethertheseareexperienceswhichothershaveaswell,orwhethertheyarelesscommon.Furthermore,bygaugingthereactionstoourself-disclosureswelearnwhattypesareacceptableorunacceptablewithparticularpeopleandinspecificsituations.Onoccasionsitisthefearthatcertaindisclosuresmaybeunacceptabletofamilyorfriendsthatmotivatesanindividualtoseekprofessionalhelp.Counsellorswillbefamiliarwithclientstatementssuchas:“Ijustcouldn’ttalkaboutthistomyhusband.”,“Ireallycan’tletmymotherknowmytruefeelings.”Anotheraspectofsocialcomparisoninthecounsellingcontextrelatestoatechniqueknownasnormalising.Thisistheprocesswherebyhelpersprovidereassurancetoclientsthatwhattheyareexperiencingisnotabnormal

7or atypical (非典型的),butisanormalreactionsharedbyotherswhenfacingsuchcircumstances.Patientdisclosure,facilitatedbythetherapist,seemsalsotofacilitatetheprocessofnormalising. 47.Toevaluateourselves,theauthorthinksitimportantforustocompareourselveswith_______.48.Duringadolescence,peoplegenerallyfeelanimmensepressuretoappear_______.49.Itisoftendifficultforpeopletoheightentheirself-awarenesswithout_______.50.Whatcanpeopledoiftheyfindwhattheythinkorsayunacceptabletofamilyorfriends?51.Counsellorsoftenassuretheirclientsthatwhattheyexperiencethemselvesisonly_______. SectionBDirections: Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C） andD）.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteron AnswerSheet2 withasinglelinethroughthecentre. PassageOneQuestions52to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage. Amidallthejoblosses,there’sonecategoryofworkerthattheeconomicdisruptionhasbeengoodfor:nonhumans.Fromself-servicecheckoutlinesatthesupermarkettoindustrialrobotsarmedwithsawsandtaughttocarveupanimalbodiesinslaughter-houses,theseever-more-intelligentmachinesarenownotjustassistingworkersbutactuallykickingthemoutoftheirjobs.Automationisn’tjustaffectingfactoryworkers,either.Somelawfirmsnowuseartificialintelligencesoftwaretoscanandreadmountainsoflegaldocuments,workthatpreviouslywasperformedbyhighly-paidhumanlawyers.“Robotscontinuetohaveanimpactonblue-collarjobs,andwhite-collarjobsareunderattackbymicroprocessors,”sayseconomicsprofessorEdwardLeamer.Therecessionpermanentlywipedout2.5millionjobs.U.S.grossdomesticproducthasclimbedbacktopre-recessionlevels,meaningwe’reproducingasmuchasbefore,onlywith6%fewerworkers.Tobesure,roboticsarenottheonlyjobkillersoutthere,with outsourcing (外包)stealingfarmorejobsthanautomation.    JeffBurnstein,presidentoftheRoboticsIndustryAssociation,arguesthatrobotsactuallysaveU.S.jobs.Hislogic:companiesthatembraceautomationmightusefewerworkers,butthat’sstillbetterthanfiringeveryoneandmovingtheworkoverseas.It’snotthatrobotsarecheaperthanhumans,thoughoftentheyare.It’sthatthey’rebetter.“Insomecasesthequalityrequirementsaresoexactingthatevenifyouwantedtohaveahumandothejob,youcouldn’t,”Burnsteinsays.Samegoesforsurgeons,who’reusingroboticsystemstoperformanever-growinglistofoperations—notbecausethemachinessavemoneybutbecause,thankstothegreaterprecisionofrobots,thepatientsrecoverinlesstimeandhavefewercomplications,saysDr.MyriamCuret.    Surgeonsmaysurvivetherobotinvasion,butothersatthehospitalmightnotbesolucky,asiRobot,makeroftheRoomba,arobotvacuumcleaner,hasbeenshowingoffAva,whichcouldbeusedasamessengerinahospital.Andonceyou’rehome,recovering,Avacouldletyoutalktoyourdoctor,sothere’snoneedtosendsomeonetoyourhouse.That“mobiletelepresence”couldbeusefulattheoffice.Ifyou’reawayonatrip,youcanstillattendameeting.Justconnectviavideoconferencingsoftware,soyourfaceappearsonAva’sscreen.    Isanyjobsafe?Iwashopingtosay“journalist,”butresearchersarealreadydevelopingsoftwarethatcangatherfactsandwriteanewsstory.Whichmeansthatafewyearsfromnow,arobotcouldbewritingthiscolumn.Andwhowillreadit?Well,theremightbealotofushangingaroundwithlotsoffreetimeonourhands. 

8注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 52.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstfewparagraphs?A)Theover-useofrobotshasdonedamagetoAmericaneconomy.B)Itishardforrobotstoreplacehumansinhighlyprofessionalwork.C)Artificialintelligenceiskeytofuturetechnologicalinnovations.D)Theroboticindustryhasbenefitedfromtheeconomicrecession. 53.WhatcausedthegreatestlossofjobsinAmerica?A)Usingmicroprocessorsextensively.B)Movingproductiontoothercountries.C)Thebankruptcyofmanycompanies.D)Theinvasionofmigrantworkers. 54.WhatdoesJeffBurnsteinsayaboutrobots?A)Theyhelpcompaniestorevive.B)Theyarecheaperthanhumans.C)Theypreventjoblossesinaway.D)Theycompetewithhumanworkers. 55.WhyareroboticsystemsreplacingsurgeonsinmoreandmoreoperationsaccordingtoDr.MyriamCuret?A)Theysavelotsofmoneyforthepatients.B)Theybeathumansinprecision.C)Theytakelesstimetoperformasurgery.D)Theymakeoperationslesspainful. 56.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutrobotics?A)Itwillgreatlyenrichliterarycreation.B)Itwillstartanewtechnologicalrevolution.C)Itwillrevolutionizescientificresearch.D)Itwillbeappliedinanyfieldimaginable.  PassageTwoQuestions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.You’venowhearditsomanytimes,youcanprobablyrepeatitinyoursleep.PresidentObamawillnodoubtmakethepointpubliclywhenhegetstoBeijing:theChineseneedtoconsumemore;theyneed—believeitornot—tobecomemorelikeAmericans,forthesakeoftheglobaleconomy.Andit’salltrue.ButtheothersideofthatequationisthattheU.S.needstosavemore.Forthemoment,Americanhouseholdsactuallyaredoingso.Afterthepersonal-savingsratedippedtozeroin2005,theshockoftheeconomiccrisislastyearpromptedpeopletosnapshuttheirwallets.InChina,thehousehold-savingsrateexceeds20%.Itispartlyforpolicyreasons.Aswe’veseen,wageearnersareexpectedtocarefornotonlytheirchildrenbuttheiragingparents.Andthereis,todate,onlythe flimsiest (脆弱的)ofpublicly-fundedhealthcareandpensionsystems,whichincreasesincentivesforindividualstosavewhiletheyareworking.ButChinaisasocietythathaslongesteemedpersonalfinancial prudence (谨慎).Thereisno

9chancethatwillchangeanytimesoon,evenifthegovernmentcreatesabettersocialsafetynetandsuccessfullyencouragesgreaterconsumerspending.WhydoestheU.S.needtolearnalittle frugality (节俭)？Becausehealthysavingsratesareoneofthesurestindicatorsofacountry’slong-termfinancialhealth.Highsavingslead,overtime,toincreasedinvestment,whichinturngeneratesproductivitygains,innovationandjobgrowth.Inshort,savingsaretheseedcornofagoodeconomicharvest.TheU.S.governmentthusneedstoactaswell.Byrunningconstantdeficits,itisdis-saving,evenashouseholdssavemore.PeterOrszag,Obama’sBudgetDirector,recentlycalledtheU.S.budgetdeficitsunsustainableandhe’sright.Todate,theU.S.hasseemedunabletoseetheconsequencesofspendingsomuchmorethanistakenin.Thatneedstochange.AndthoughHuJintaoandtherestoftheChineseleadershiparen’tinclinedtolecturevisitingPresidents,hemightgentlyhintthatBeijingisgettingalittlenervousaboutthevalueofthedollar—whichhasfallen15%sinceMarch,inlargepartbecauseofincreasingfearsthatAmerica’sdebtloadisbecomingunmanageable.That’swhathappenswhenyou’retheworld’sbiggestcreditor:yougettodrophintslikethat,whichwouldbeenoughbythemselvestocreateinternationaleconomicchaosiftheywereeverleaked.(EverytimeanyofficialinBeijingdeliberatespubliclyaboutseekinganalternativetotheU.S.dollarforthe$2.1trillionChinaholdsinreserve,currencytradershaveaheartattack.)IfAmericanssavedmoreandspentless,consistentlyovertime,theywouldn’thavetoworryaboutallthat.  57.HowdidtheeconomiccrisisaffectAmericans?A)Theyhadtotightentheirbelts.B)Theirbanksavingsratedroppedtozero.C)Theirleadershipintheglobaleconomywasshaken.D)TheybecameconcernedaboutChina’sfinancialpolicy. 58.WhatshouldbedonetoencourageChinesepeopletoconsume?A)Changingtheirtraditionalwayoflife.B)Providingfewerincentivesforsaving.C)ImprovingChina’ssocialsecuritysystem.D)Cuttingdowntheexpensesonchild-rearing. 59.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“savingsaretheseedcornofagoodeconomicharvest”(Line4,Para.4)?A)Themoreonesaves,themorereturnsonewillreap.B)Acountry’seconomyhingesonitssavingspolicy.C)Thosewhokeepsavingwillliveaneasylifeintheend.D)Ahealthysavingsratepromoteseconomicprosperity.  60.Inwhatcircumstancesdocurrencytradersbecomescared?A)WhenBeijingallowsitscurrencyexchangeratestofloat.B)WhenChinastartstoreduceitscurrentforeignreserves.C)WhenChinatalksaboutswitchingitsdollarreservestoothercurrencies.D)WhenBeijingmentionsinpublicthehugedebtsAmericaowesChina. 61.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthepassage?A)TourgetheAmericangovernmenttocutdeficits.B)ToencourageChinesepeopletospendmore.

10C)TotellAmericansnottoworryabouttheireconomy.D)TopromoteunderstandingbetweenChinaandAmerica.  PartV                                  Cloze （15minutes）Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C） andD） ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletteron AnswerSheet2 withasinglelinethroughthecentre. “Myjobiskillingme.”Whoamongushasn'tissuedthatcomplaintatleastonce?Nowanewstudysuggeststhatyourdramaticcomplaintmay____62____somescientifictruth.The20-yearstudy,byresearchersatTelAvivUniversity,_____63______toexaminetherelationshipbetweentheworkplaceandaperson'sriskofdeath.Researchers_____64_____820adultswhohadundergonea______65____physicalexamatahealthclinicin1988,andtheninterviewedthem_____66_____detailabouttheirworkplaceconditions—askinghownicetheircolleagueswere,whethertheirbosswassupportiveandhowmuch______67_____theyhadintheirposition.Theparticipants_____68_____inagefrom25to65atthestartofthestudyandworkedinavarietyof____69___,includingfinance,healthcare,manufacturingandinsurance.Theresearchers_____70______theparticipantsthroughtheirmedicalrecords:bythestudy'sconclusionin2008,53peoplehaddied—andtheyweresignificantlymorelikelythanthosewhosurvivedtoreporthavinga____71____workenvironment.Peoplewhoreportedhavinglittleorno____72____supportfromtheirco-workerswere2.4timesmorelikelytodie____73____thecourseofthestudythanthosewhosaidtheyhadclose,supportive_____74_____withtheirworkmates.Interestingly,theriskofdeathwas_____75_____onlytopeople'sperceptionsoftheirco-workers,nottheirbosses.Peoplewhoreportednegativerelationshipswiththeirsupervisorswere____76____likelytodiethanothers.Thestudywasobservational,_____77____itcouldnotdeterminewhethertoxicworkplaceenvironmentscauseddeath,onlythatitwas_____78____withtherisk.Butthefindingsaddtotheevidence______79_______havingasupportivesocialnetworkdecreasesstressandhelps_____80____goodhealth.Ontheotherhand,beingexposed_____81_____chronicstresscontributestodepression,illhealthanddeath.62.A)hold     C)riskB)strike       D)trace63.A)fought   C)soughtB)submitted     D)resorted64.A)allied   C)volunteeredB)arrayed    D)recruited65.A)routine   C)graveB)nominal   D)drastic66.A)beyond   C)byB)in             D)over67.A)autonomy    C)audienceB)automation      D)authenticity68.A)consisted    C)involvedB)contained      D)ranged69.A)facets    C)districtsB)fields        D)species70.A)chased   C)trackedB)pursued    D)trailed71.A)cozy    C)hostile

11B)fabulous    D)transparent72.A)social    C)physicalB)academic    D)domestic73.A)against    C)insideB)across       D)during74.A)pacts   C)unionsB)bonds     D)webs75.A)added  C)tiedB)adapted   D)led76.A)nomoreC)noless B)farmore   D)farless77.A)unless    C)orB)while      D)so78.A)constructed   C)collaboratedB)correlated      D)coordinated79.A)how   C)thatB)when   D)why80.A)elevate   C)propelB)inject     D)foster81.A)at    C)towardB)to      D)underPartVI            Translation  (5minutes)Directions:CompletethesentencesbytranslatingintoEnglishtheChinesegiveninbrackets.PleasewriteyourtranslationonAnswerSheet282.______________（不管中国变得多么强大）,itwillconstitutenothreattoanyothercountry.83.Successinlifedoesnotdependsomuchonone'sschoolrecords______________（而是靠其勤奋和坚持）.84._______________（他们要是此刻在这儿就好了），wewouldbeabletocelebratetheirweddinganniversary.85.Inrecentyears,withhisbusinessbooming,he_______________ （给慈善事业捐了大笔的钱）.86.Withouttheatmosphere,we_______________ （将被迫寻找躲避太阳的藏身处）,astherewouldbenothingtoprotectusfromitsdeadlyrays.

122012年12月英语六级考试真题解析ComputerandMan　　（1）Itisbelievedthatthecomputercandoalmosteverything.Atthetimethecomputerwasinvented,scientists,carriedawaybyitscalculatingspeed,feltthattheyhadcreatedamiracle.Itwasgraduallyusednotonlyinmathematics,physics,chemistryandastronomy,butinplaceslikethelibrary,hospitalandmilitaryarmytoreplacetheworkofman.Fortheworkofman.Forthisreason,thecomputerwasentiled“ElectronicBrain”intermsofappreciation。　　Canmanbecontrolledbycomputers?Theanswerisnegative.Althoughacomputerworksmuchfasterandaccuratelythanman,afactisundeniable;itisdesigned,manufacturedandprogrammedbyman,andthereforebyhumanbeings.Ofcourse,sciencefictionshavemadeupmanyfascinatingstoriesaboutacomputer,orratherrobot,whoconquersmanandtheearth,eventhewholeuniverse;however,theyareonlyunrealisticimaginatio.Ahorsehelpsmanalotrunsmuchfasterthanwe,butitisonlyaslave。　　Thefutureforthecomputerisverypromising.Withthehelpofit,wecandothingsthatcouldnotbedonebefore.Conqueringtheuniverse,discoveringnewthings,explainingmysteruiysphenomenapuzzlingusatpresentareallmadepossiblebycomputer。  （2）Itisbelievedthatthecomputerisbringingtheworldintoabrandnewera.Atthetimethecomputerwasinvented,scientists,marvelingatitscalculatingspeed,feltthattheyhadcreatedamiracle.Nowadays,thefunctionofthecomputerisnolongerconfinedtocalculation;itpermeatespeople’sdailylivesandhasbecomeaninseparablepartofhumansociety.    Peoplebecomesoheavilydependentoncomputersthatitishardtoimaginethelifewithoutcomputers.Therefore,somepeopleareworriedthat“Therealdangerisnotthatthecomputerwillthinklikeman,butmanwillthinklikethecomputer.”Theirconcerndoesmakesense.Indeed,somepeoplespendsuchalongtimeworkingoncomputersthattheyhavefewinteractionswithpeopleinreallife.Accordingtoaresearch,toomanyhoursinfrontofacomputermayleadtoapokerfaceandinterpersonalisolation.Thisfactshouldarouseourattention,becauseunlikecomputers,humanbeingsaresocialcreaturesthatneedemotionalconnectionswithothers.    Yet,itisalsounnecessaryforustobeoverwhelmedbythenegativeimpactsofcomputers.Afterall,wehumansareintelligentandwillbeabletofigureoutbetterwaystomakeimprovements.Ⅱ【快速阅读】    1.Thereisnoaccesstotelevisioninitsrooms.　　2.Timeawayfromallelectronicgadgets　　3.Itisourgreatestmiseryinlife　　4.Wewillnotknowwhattodowithourownlives　　5.Theyhelppeopleunderstandancientwisdom　　6.Whenpeoplethinkdeeply,theirneuralprocessesareslow　　7.livewithoutmoderntransportation　　8.havesomedistancefromit/theworld.　　9somethinguseful　　10.whatisessential　　【点评】　　这是一篇取自《纽约时报》的文章。讲述的是面对现代科技带来的信息爆炸，应该如何平静的审视自己的内心世界，找到自我，而不被信息的洪流所淹没。本次快速阅读的文章还是延续了以往的特点，信息量较大，结构较散，但整个命题依旧遵循了文章难，题目简单的规律。做题的要点就是，在题干中找到定位词，回原文中定位细节信息。Ⅲ【听力】SectionA　　11.　　M:I’dliketogocampingwithyouthisweekend,butIdon’thaveasleepingbag.　　W:Noproblem.Youcancountonmetogetoneforyou.Myfamilyhastonsofcampinggear.　　Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?　　答案：Shecanlendthemanasleepingbag.　　【解析】这是一道较为简单的推理题，前提是考生需知道campinggear表示“野餐用具，露营装备”，由此可知，campinggear包括sleepingbag，即女士能借给男士一个睡袋，此题的设置稍微绕了个小弯，为考生解题设置了一定难度。gocamping：去野餐，去露营；sleeping

13bag：睡袋。　　12.　　M:IknowIpromisetodriveyoutotheairportnextThursday,butI’mafraidsomethinghascomeup.They’vecalledaspecialmeetingatwork.　　W:Nobigdeal.Karensaidshewasavailableasaback-up.　　Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?　　答案:Karencantakehertotheairport.　　【解析】此题为细节题。从对话中可知，男士下周四临时有事不能送女士去机场了，女士回答说Karen有空。back-up：n.备用，备份，考生如果知道这个单词的意思，对整个对话的理解会有帮助。　　13.　　W:HaveyousavedenoughmoneyforatriptoHawaii?　　M:Notevenclose.Myunclemustputthebrakesonmytravellingplans.　　Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?　　答案：Hecan’taffordtogotravelingyet.　　【解析】此题为推理题。从男士的回答“我叔叔对我的旅行计划加以限制了。”中可推断出，这位男士还没有足够的钱去旅行。putthebrakesonsth.表示“对……加以限制”，即使考生不知道这个短语的引申含义，但听到brake“刹车”应该也能大概判断出来答案。　　14.　　M:I’mstarving.Dowestillhaveanypieleftfromthedinneryesterday?　　W:Oh,Juliainvitedherfriendsoverintheafternoonandtheyateitall.　　Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?　　答案：Themanhastofindsomethingelsetoeat.　　【解析】此题为简单的推理题。从对话中可知，女士回答说Julie下午邀请了她的朋友，他们把剩的饼都吃光了，由此可推断出这位男士不得不找别的东西吃。starving：adj.饥饿的。　　15.　　W:Threelettersofrecommendationarerequiredtoapplytograduateschools.IwaswonderingiftheoneprofessorSmithwroteformelastyearcouldstillbeused.　　M:It’sabitdated.You’dbettersubmitarecentone.　　Q:Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?　　答案：Presentanewletterofreference.　　【解析】此题为细节题。只要考生抓住这位男士回答中的关键词dated和recent，就不难找出正确答案，而且，整个答句也很短，均是简单句，易于考生理解。letterofrecommendation和letterofreference意思相似，均可表示“推荐信”。　　16.　　W:I’venoticedthatyouspendalotoftimetendingyourgarden.Wouldyouliketojoinourgardeningclub?WemeeteveryotherWednesday.　　M:Oh,thanksfortheinvitation,butthisishowIrelax.I’drathernotmakeitsomethingformalandstructured.　　Q:Whatcanweinferabouttheman?　　答案：Hedeclinestojointhegardeningclub.　　【解析】此题为暗示推理题，有一定难度。抓住问题中的关键词“infer”，这位男士暗示了什么？从男士的回答“谢谢邀请，但这是我放松的方式，我宁愿我的花园不那么条条框框”中可推断出，这位男士间接拒绝了参加园艺俱乐部的邀请。　　17.　　M:Iheardtherecentsculptureexhibitwaskindofdisappointing.　　W:That’sright.IguessalotofotherpeoplefeelthewayIdoaboutmodernart.　　Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?　　答案：Manypeopledonotappreciatemodernart.　　【解析】此题为简单的推理题。只要考生能理解女士的回答“我猜许多其他人对现代艺术和我的感觉是一样的。”，即可选出答案，而且答句中没有一个生难单词。sculptureexhibit：雕塑展。　　18.　　M:Bobisrunningforchairmanofthestudentunion.Wouldyouvoteforhim?　　W:Oh,Ican’tdeciderightnowbecauseIhavetofindoutmoreabouttheothercandidates.　　Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?　　答案：Bobcannotcountonhervote.　　【解析】此题为推理题。这位女士回答说她现在还没决定选谁，因为她还要看看其他候选人的资料和表现，由此可推断出，Bob不能依赖这位女士的选票。runfor：竞选；chairmanofthestudentunion：学生会主席；votefor：投票赞成。ConversationOne　　W:Idon’tknowwhattodo.Ican’tseemtogetanyoneinthehospitaltolistentomycomplaintsandthisoutdatedequipmentisdangerous.Justlookatit.　　M:Hmm,uh,areyoutryingtosaythatitpresentsahealthhazard?　　W:Yes,Iam.Theheadtechnicianinthelabtriedtopersuadethehospitaladministrationtoreplaceit,buttheyaretryingtocutcosts.　　M:Youarepregnant,aren’t

14you?　　W:Yes,Iam.Imadeanefforttogetmysupervisortotransfermetoanotherdepartment,butheurgedmenottocomplaintooloudly.BecausetheadministrationismorelikelytoreplacemethananX-rayequipment,I’mafraidtorefusetowork.ButI’mmoreafraidtoexposemyunbornchildtotheradiation.　　M:Iseewhatyoumean.Well,asyourunionrepresentative,Ihavetowarnyouthatitwouldtakequiteawhiletoforcemanagementtoreplacetheoldmachinesandattempttogetyoutransferredmayormaynotbesuccessful.　　W:Oh,whatamIsupposedtodothen?　　M:Workershavethelegalrighttorefusecertainunsafeworkassignmentsundertwofederallaws,theOccupationorSafetyandHealthActandtheNationalLaborRelationsAct.ButtherequirementsofeitheroftheActsmaybedifficulttomeet.　　W:DoyouthinkIhaveagoodcase?　　M:Ifyoudoloseyourjob,theunionwillfighttogetitbackforyoualongwithbackpay,yourlostincome.Butyouhavetobepreparedforalongwait,maybeaftertwoyears.　　Q19.Whatdoesthewomancomplainabout?　　Q20.Whathasthewomanaskedhersupervisortodo?　　Q21.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthetwofederallaws?　　Q22.Whatwilltheuniondoifthewomanlosesherjob?　　【答案】　　19.Thehealthhazardatherworkplace.　　20.Transferhertoanotherdepartment.　　21.Theirrequirementsmaybedifficulttomeet.　　22.Trytohelphertogetitback.　　【点评】　　本篇长对话是关于一名怀孕的员工就工作中的辐射伤害向工会投诉。对话一开篇女士先抱怨自己工作的医院无人听她申诉有关机器已过时，会造成身体伤害的问题，因为医院想要降低成本。然后她提到自己有向主管提出转调部门的要求，然而遭到拒绝。主管还告诫她，医院宁愿换掉她，让他人工作，也不会更换机器。于是工会代表告诉她转调部门确实可能不会成功。同时要想利用目前的法案来解决这一问题，也会很难实现。最后指出，除非她真正丢失工作，工会才能拿起法律武器帮她讨薪。　　本对话考生虽然对辐射造成身体伤害的话题并不陌生，但整个对话中部分单词可能还是会造成不少听力困扰。比如：healthhazard（健康伤害）中的hazard；X-rayequipment（X光仪器）中的X-ray和两大法案的名称虽不难，但也容易混淆大家的视听，而误抓重点。　　ConversationTwo　　W:Mr.Green,isitfairtosaythatnegotiationisanart?　　M:Well,Ithinkit’sbothanartandscience.Youcanprepareforanegotiationquitescientifically,buttheexecutionofthenegotiationhasquitealottodowithone’sartisticquality.Thescientificpartofanegotiationisindeterminingyourstrategy.Whatdoyouwantoutofit?Whatcanyougive?Thenofcoursetherearetactics.Howdoyougoaboutit?Doyoutakeanopeningpositioninanegotiationwhichdiffersfromtheeventualgoalyouareheadingfor?Andthenofcoursetherearethebehavioralaspects.　　W:Whatdoyoumeanbythebehavioralaspects?　　M:Well,that’sIthinkwheretheartcomesin.Inyourbehavior,youcaneitherbeanactor.Youcanpretendthatyoudon’tlikethingswhichyouareactuallyquitepleasedabout.Oryoucanpretendtolikethingswhichyouarequitehappytodowithout.Oryoucanbethehonesttypenegotiatorwho’sknowntohispartnersinnegotiationandalwaysplayseverythingstraight.ButtheartisticpartofnegotiationIthinkhastodowithrespondingimmediatelytocuesonegetsintheprocessofnegotiation.Thesecanbeverbalcuesorevenbodylanguage.Thisiswheretheartisticqualitycomesin.　　W:Soreally,youseetwotypesofnegotiatorthen,theactororthehonestone.　　M:That’right.Andbothcanwork.Iwouldsaythehonestnegotiatorcanbequiteeffectiveinsomecircumstances.Inothercircumstancesyouneedanactor.　　Q23.Whenisascientificapproachbestembodiedinanegotiationaccordingtotheman?　　Q24.Inwhatwayisanegotiatorlikeanactoraccordingtotheman?　　Q25.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthetwotypesofnegotiator?　　【答案】　　23.Inthepreparatoryphase.　　24.Hebehavesinawaycontrarytohisrealintention.　　25.Bothcansucceeddependingonthespecific

15situation.　　【点评】　　本长对话主要是关于谈判的艺术性和科学性。谈判的科学性部分主要体现在谈判策略，而谈判的艺术性则体现在表现上。这里可以归为两类，一是“演技派”，二是“诚实派”。另外，谈判的艺术性还与对谈判过程中获得的口头暗示、肢体语言进行及时反应有关。最后男士指出根据不同场合，无论是“诚实派”，或是“演技派”谈判者都能起到各自的效果。　　本对话中的关键词有：negotiation：谈判；strategy：策略；behavioral：行为的。　　SectionB　　Passage1　　Ascientificteamisstudyingthethinkingabilityofelevenandhalfmontholdchildren.Thetestisasimpleone.Thebabywatchesasortofshowonasmallstage.InActOneoftheshow,ayellowcubeisliftedfromabluebox,andmovedacrossthestage.Thenitisreturnedtothebox.Thisisrepeated6times.ActTwoissimilarexceptthattheyellowcubeissmaller.Babyboysdonotreactatalltothedifferenceandthesizeofthecube.Butgirlsimmediatelybecomeexcited.Thescientistsinterpretthegirls’excitementasmeaningtheyaretryingtounderstandwhattheyhavejustseen.TheyarewonderingwhyActTwoisoddandhowitdiffersfromActOne.Inotherwords,thelittlegirlsarereasoning.Thisexperimentcertainlydoesnotdefinitelyprovethatgirlsstarttoreasonbeforeboys,butitprovidesacluethatscientistswouldliketostudymorecarefully.Alreadyitisknownthatbones,musclesandnervesdevelopfasterinbabygirls.Perhapsitisearlynervedevelopmentthatmakessomeinfantgirlsshowmoreintelligencethaninfantboys.Scientistshavealsofoundthatnatureseemstogiveanotherboosttogirls.Babygirlsusuallytalkatanearlieragethanboysdo.Scientiststhinkthatthereisaphysicalreasonforthis.Theybelievethatthenerveendingsintheleftsideofthebraindevelopfasteringirlsthaninboys,anditisthissideofthebrainthatstronglyinfluencesanindividual’sabilitytouselanguageandrememberthings.　　Q26.WhatisthedifferencebetweenActOneandActTwointhetest?　　答案：Thesizeoftheobjectsshown.　　Q27.Howdothescientistsinterprettheirobservationfromtheexperiment?　　答案：Girlsseemtostartreasoningearlierthanboys.　　Q28.Whatdoesthespeakersayabouttheexperiment?　　答案：Itmaysimulatescientiststomakefurtherstudies.　　Q29.Accordingtoscientists,whatisanotheradvantagegiventogirlsbynature?　　答案：Theytalkatanearlyage.　　【点评】　　本文是一篇关于幼儿思维能力的文章。…butitprovidesacluethat…一句前都是具体的实验过程，是一个例子，重点在实验为科学研究提供的线索。实验发现可能是早期的神经发育使女婴比男婴更聪明。科学家们还发现，自然可能还给了女孩另一大优势，那就是女孩通常比男孩早开口说话，而这也是因为神经末梢发育快于男孩。　　关键词：interpretv.解释；翻译boostn.推动，帮助　　Passage2　　Asuperattendantofthecitymunicipalbuilding,DilliaAdorno,wasresponsibleforpresentingitsnewsecurityplantothepublic.Cityemployees,citizensandreportersgatheredinthehalltohearherdescribetheplan.Afteroutliningthemainpointsshewouldcover,sheassuredtheaudiencethatshewouldbehappytoanswerquestionsattheendofherpresentation.Dilliarealizedtheplanwasexpensiveandpotentiallycontroversial.Soshewasnotsurprisedtoseeanumberofhandsgoupassoonasshefinishedspeaking.Anemployasked,“Wouldthenewsystemcreatelonglinestogetintothebuildinglikethelineintheairportsecuritychecks?”Dilliahadanticipatedthisquestionandhadananswerready.Afterrepeatingthequestion,sheexplainedthatthesufficientnumberofsecurityguardswouldbeworkingatpeakhourstospeedthingsalong.Thenextquestionwasmoreconfrontational.”Wherewasthemoneycomefromtopayforallofthis?”Thejournalistswhoaskthequestionseemhostile.ButDilliawascarefulnottoadoptthedefensivetone.Shestatedthatthemoneywouldcomefromthecity’sgeneralbudget.“Iknowthesearetidetimes”,sheadded,“Buteveryoneagreesontheimportanceofsafeguardingouremployeesandmembersofthepublicwhocomeintothebuilding.”Neartheendofthe25minutesshehassaid,Dilliasaidshewouldtaketwomorequestions.Whenthosewerefinished,sheconcludedthesessionwithabriefrestatementofhowthenewsystemwillimprovesecurityandpeaceofmindinthemunicipalbuilding.　　Question30to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.　　30.WhatisthefocusofDilliaAdorno’spresentation?　　答案：Thenewsecurityplanforthemunicipalbuilding.　　31.WhatquestionhadDilliaAdornoanticipated?　　答案：Whetherthesecuritycheckswouldcreatelongqueuesatpeakhours.　　32.Whatdidthespeakersthinkofthequestionfromthejournalist?　　答案：Confrontational　　【点评】　　本文描写一位政府官员介绍了一项新的安保计划，并回答了在场人员的提问，类似于一场新闻发布会。计划成本较高，而且可能颇具争议。本文详细阐述了两个提问。第一个问题是Dillia预见到的，但第二个记者的提问是有对抗性的，即使confrontational这个词我们听不懂也没关系，可以从下文的其他词汇中推断，如hostile

16有敌意的，而针对这个问题，Dillia让自己尽可能不采取defensive的态度，既然要采取防卫的态度，那记者的提问一定是在政府的对立面的，因此从defensive一词也可以判断出记者的态度。　　关键词：attendantn.随员confrontationaladj.对抗性的hostile，defensive　　Passage3　　Despiteunemploymentandthelostofherhome,AndreaClarkconsidersherselfablessedandhappywoman.Whythecheerfulattitude?Hertroubleshavebroughtherclosertoherfamily.Lastyear,Andrea’shusband,Rick,aminerinNevadawaslaidoff.ThoughAndreakeptherjobasaschoolbusdriver,sheknewthattheycouldn’tpaytheirbillandsupporttheiryoungestoffivechildren,Zack,agenine,ononeincome.“Atfirsttheirchurchhelpedout,butyoucan’tkeepthatupforever”,Andreasays.ThenMichal,theireldestofherfouradultchildrensuggestedtheymoveinwithhisfamily.Foralmostthreemonths,sevenClarkslivedunderoneroof.Andrea,RickandZackstayedinthebasementdepartment,sharinglaundryandsinglebathroomwithMichal,hiswifeandtheirtwochildren.　　Thechangecuttheirexpendituresinhalf,butthenewlivingarrangementprovedtoochallenging.WhenAndreafoundajobwithaschooldistrictclosertohermother’shomeinwestJorden,Utah,thefamilydecidedtomoveon.Packingupagainwithnopicnic,Zackhadtoswitchschoolsforthesecondtimeandspaceiseventighter.AndreasaysthatthemovesthemselvesareexhaustingandRickisstilllookingforajob.　　TherecessionhascertainlycomewithmoreproblemsthanAndreaanticipated,butsheremainsunfailinglyoptimistic.Sheisexcitedtospendmoretimewithhermother.Anotherplus,rentsarelowerinUtahthaninNevada.SoAndreathinksthey’llbeabletosaveupandmoveoutinlessthan6months.　　Questions33-35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.　　Q33WhatdowelearnaboutAndrea’shusband?　　答案：HeusedtoworkasaminerinNevada.　　Q34WhydidAndreamovetoliveinhereldestson’shome?　　答案：Tocuttheirlivingexpenses.　　Q35WhatisAndrea’sattitudetowardthehardshipsbroughtbytheeconomicrecession?　　答案：Optimistic.　　【点评】　　本文描写了Andrea一家在经历失业时依然乐观向上的积极状态。这从文章的首句Despiteunemploymentandthelostofherhome,AndreaClarkconsidersherselfablessedandhappywoman.和最后一段butsheremainsunfailinglyoptimistic.都能得到印证。Andrea的丈夫是内华达的矿工，去年失业，为了维持生计，他们先是和大儿子一家住在一起，后来又搬家到犹他州，她的丈夫还在继续找工作。但是经济衰退，并没有让Andrea消极，她觉得自己和家人的关系更紧密了并且相信自己能够度过难关。　　关键词：layoff解雇；expendituren.支出，花费；optimisticadj.乐观的　　SectionC　　Mountainclimbingisbecomingapopularsport,butitisalsoapotentiallydangerousone.Peoplecanfall.Theymayalsobecomeill.Oneofthemostcommondangerstoclimbersisaltitudesickness,whichcanaffectevenveryexperiencedclimbers.Altitudesicknessusuallybeginswhenaclimbergoesabove8,000to9,000feet.Thehigheroneclimbs,thelessoxygenthereisintheair.Whenpeopledon’tgetenoughoxygen,theyoftenbegintogaspforair.Theymayalsofeeldizzyandlight-headed.Besidesthesesymptomsofaltitudesickness,otherssuchasheadacheandfatiguemayalsooccur.Atheightsofover18,000feet,peoplemaybeclimbinginaconstantdaze.Theirstateofmindcanhaveadverseaffectontheirjudgment.Afewprecautionscanhelpmostclimbersavoidaltitudesickness.Thefirstisnottogotoohigh,toofast.Ifyouclimbto10,000feet,stayatthatheightforadayortwo.Yourbodyneedstogetusedtoahighaltitudebeforeyouclimbtoaevenhigherone.Orifyoudoclimbhighersooner,comebackdowntoalowerheightwhenyousleep.Also,drinkplentyofliquidsandavoidtobaccoandalcohol.Whenyoureachyourtopheight,dolikeactivitiesratherthansleeptoomuch.Youbreathelesswhenyousleep,soyougetlessoxygen.Themostimportantwarningisthis:ifyouhaveseveresymptoms,thendon’tgoaway,godown.Don’triskinjuryordeathbecauseofover-confidenceorlackofknowledge.　　36.potentially　　37.experienced　　38.gasp　　39.dizzy　　40.fatigue　　41.constant　　42.adverse　　43.precautions　　44.Yourbodyneedstogetusedtoahighaltitudebeforeyouclimbtoaevenhigherone.　　45.Whenyoureachyourtopheight,dolikeactivitiesratherthansleeptoomuch.　　46.Don’triskinjuryordeathbecauseofover-confidenceorlackof

17knowledge.　　【点评】　　本文是有关高原病的，主要讲述了高原病的症状以及预防措施。文章本身长难句不多，但出现了较多偏难单词，考验学生的临场心态。　　需填单词难度较大，如dizzy，fatigue，adverse，altitude等，对学生的词汇量要求颇高。　　空格整体分布较为均匀，填写时间比较充足。所填词语格式比较重要，如-s等是不可漏过的细节。需填写的句子均较短，难度不是特别大。　Ⅳ【深度阅读】深度阅读SA　　47.others　　解析：关键词evaluateourselves　　迅速定位到第一段第一句话所以答案是others　　48.similartopeers　　解析：关键词adolescence　　迅速定位到第一段中间所以答案是similartopeers.　　49.agoodlistener　　解析：关键词self-awareness　　迅速定位到第二段第一句所以答案是agoodlistener　　50.Theyseekprofessionalhelp　　解析：关键词unacceptabletofamilyorfriends　　迅速定位到第二段第七行所以答案是Theycanseekprofessionalhelp.　　51.anormalreaction　　解析：关键词Counselors和assure　　迅速定位到第二段倒数第三行所以答案是anormalreaction　　深度阅读SB_1　　　　52.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstfewparagraphs?　　答案：Theroboticindustryhasbenefitedfromtheeconomicrecession.　　53.WhatcausedthegreatestlossofjobsinAmerica?　　答案：Movingproductiontoothercountries.　　54.WhatdoesJeffBurnsteinsayaboutrobots?　　答案：Theycompetewithhumanworkers.　　55.WhatareroboticsystemsreplacingsurgeonsinmoreandmoreoperationsaccordingtoDr.MyriamCuret?　　答案：Theybeathumansinprecision.　　56.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutrobotics?　　答案：Itwillbeappliedinanyfieldimaginable.　　【解析】这是一篇讨论机器人取代人类的科技说明文，话题是考生比较熟悉的科技类文章。文中指出在大萧条时期众多失业的情况下，有一类工人却受益于经济混乱：机器人。机器人和业务外包比自动化分流了更多的岗位。但是专家指出，并不是因为机器人比人廉价，而是它们比人类更优秀。在很多具体工作上，人类无法做到像机器人那样精确。文章最后一段探讨还有那些岗位能免于机器人取代的危机，作者本以为记者行业可以，但是结果却不是这样，几乎所有岗位都面临这种趋势，从而紧扣文章原文题目和主题：WhoNeedsHumans?人类还有何用？　　本文选材虽然是科技相关，但是词汇都比较简单，没有太偏的词汇。而这几道题相比而言，难度又低了不少，很多选项直接可以通过对比原文排除，如54题谈到对机器人的看法，其中B选项说机器人比人类工作更省钱更便宜，而文中已经特别清晰的表明立场，It’snotthat…此外，词汇复现也能帮助大家准备做对题目，如第52题的答案中benefitfrom就对应了原文中的begoodfor，所以很快很轻松的就选出来了。因此考生只要明确文中几个人物各自的观点，勾画好关键词，整体上来讲，5道题都做对基本可以做到的。　　深度阅读SB_2　　　　【点评】　　本文讲述了在全球经济危机的背景下，美国人要向中国人学习勤俭，学会储蓄。为什么这样做呢？文章中指出良好的储蓄率能够推动经济的繁荣。但即使美国家庭开始储蓄更多，如果政府常年赤字的话，对美国来说还是“反储蓄”的。所以文章的目的是敦促美国政府降低赤字，并在文末再一次强调要坚持向中国学习存多花少，　　57.HowdidtheeconomiccrisisaffectAmericans?　　Theyhadtotightentheirbelts.　　【解析】细节题。从原文第二段最后一句话“theshockoftheeconomiccrisislastyearpromptedpeopletosnapshuttheirwallets”可见，经济危机使得美国民众关紧钱包，即少花钱，也就是答案中tightentheirbelts（勒紧腰带，节省开支）的意思。所以正确答案为A。　　58.WhatshouldbedonetoencourageChinesepeopletoconsume?　　ImprovingChina’ssocialsecuritysystem.　　【解析】细节题。从原文中的“evenifthegovernmentcreatesabettersocialsafetynetandsuccessfullyencouragesgreaterconsumerspending”可见，如要鼓励中国人消费更多，这需要提高社会安全系统。　　59.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“savingsaretheseedcornofagoodeconomicharvest”(Line4,Para.

184)?　　Ahealthysavingsratepromoteseconomicprosperity.　　【解析】细节题。根据题干提示，定位至第四段最后一句，我们发现这句话是前面几句话的概括，那根据前面“Highsavingslead,overtime,toincreasedinvestment,whichinturngeneratesproductivitygains,innovationandjobgrowth.”可知，高储蓄率能够促进投资，进而促进生产率、创新和岗位增长，即促进经济的繁荣。所以正确答案为D。　　60.Inwhatcircumstancesdocurrencytradersbecomescared?　　WhenBeijingmentionsinpublicthehugedebtsAmericaowesChina.　　【解析】细节题。从原文中的“EverytimeanyofficialinBeijingdeliberatelypubliclyaboutseekinganalternativetotheU.S.dollarforthe$2.1trillionChinaholdsinreserve,currencytradershaveaheartattack.”可知，每当中国政府公开提到美国欠我国的大量债务，货币交易员们就担惊受怕。因为本段一开始提到作为最大的债权国，财政上的漏洞会造成经济的混乱。所以正确答案为D。　　61.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthepassage?　　TourgetheAmericangovernmenttocutdefictis.　　【解析】主旨题。纵观全文，作者一直在强调美国应该向中国学习勤俭，文中第五段的第一句话“Byrunningconstantdeficits,itisdis-saving,evenashouseholdssavemore.”也给到我们提示，既然长期运行赤字是不利于储蓄的，那美国政府应该做的是降低赤字。所以正确答案是A。Ⅴ【完形填空】　　【答案】　　62.with　　63.zone　　64.relatively　　65.vulnerable　　66.researchers　　67.like　　68.prime　　69.critical　　70.experience　　71.production　　72.felt　　73.length　　74.toll　　75.close　　76.while　　77.exceed　　78.where　　79.intensify　　80.to　　81.shifts【总评】　　完形填空原文选自英国的《卫报》（Guardian），原文题目为Climatechangeintropicsposesfoodthreattopoor。本文主要讲述的是全球气候变化给贫穷地区带来的食物紧缺问题，本文采用的是新闻典型的倒金字塔结构，开头点出整篇文章的核心点，即成长季节缩短会导致食物紧缺。第二段讲述影响范围，三、四两段举例说明，第五段指出对食物生产者的影响，而第六段则采用直接引用方式给出评论。Ⅵ【翻译】　82.__________________不管中国变得多么强大，itwillconstitutenothreattoanyothercountry.　83.successinlifedoesnotdependssomuchonone’sschoolrecords______________________而是靠勤奋和坚持　84.______________他们要是此刻在这里就要了，wewouldbeabletocelebratetheirweddinganniversary.　85.Inrecentyears,withhisbusinessbooming,he__________________给慈善事业捐了大笔钱。　86.withouttheatmospherewe______________________将被迫寻找躲避太阳的藏身处，astherewouldbenothingtoprotectusfromitsdeadlyrays.参考答案：  82.NomatterhowstrongChinabecomes83.butondiligenceandpersistence　84.Iftheywerehereatthemoment　85.donatesalargesumofmoneytocharity86.wouldbeforcedtolookforavoidingthesun’sburrow