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读后续写微讲座五：读深(深挖知识点)外刊输入——悟语言之道ExploringEnglishLanguageOriginsTheoriginsofUSandUKEnglishhaveledtodifferencesbetweentwolanguagesystems.AmericanandBritishEnglisharesimilarinmanyregards.Forexample,themajorityofthespellingsandgrammarrulesarelargelythesame.However,beyondsimplespellingslikecolour(UK)andcolor(US),thetwolanguagestrulydiverge(有区别)throughspeech.TaketheaccentsofChrisEvans,thestarofCaptainAmerica,andRowanAtkinson,whoplayedMr.Bean,asanexampleofhowfarthetwolanguagesdifferinmoderntimes.Buthaveyoueverwondered,inyourpointofview,howthischangeandgapcameabout?Forthat,wehavetolookattheoriginsofbothdialects.AccordingtotheBBC,BritishEnglishdatesbackto449AD,whentheSaxonsandtheAngles—tribes(部落)frommodern-dayGermanyandDenmark—invadedBritain,replacingtheancientCelticlanguage.AsCelticgraduallyfaded,anearlyformofBritishEnglishemergedwithinfluencesbasedonFrenchandLatin.ItwaslaterreferredtoasstandardthroughouttheUKfollowingthefirstcompleteModernEnglishtranslationoftheBible(《圣经》)in1535andtheemergenceofplaywrightslikeWilliamShakespeare.ThiswentontoformBritishEnglishasweknowtodayandwasheavilyinfluencedbytheaccentspokeninLondon.However,acrosstheAtlanticOcean,IndoEuropeanlanguagesspokenbymigrants,regionaldialectsofBritishcolonists(殖民地居民)andNativeAmericanwordsallformedthebasisofUSEnglish.Newwordsalsoarosefromtheneedtoexplainmajorunfamiliarlandscapes,animalsandlivingconditions,buttheysoonturnedintoarevolutionarytoolduringtheindependencestruggle.In1789,lexicographer(词典编纂者)NoahWebsterwrote,“Asanindependentnation,ourhonorrequiresustohaveasystemofourown,inlanguageaswellasgovernment.”Itindicatedthesocialdemandaswell.PostrevolutionUSEnglishkeptchangingbasedonneighboringcultures.ThiscanstillbeseenthroughstatenamessuchasDelawareandIllinois,whichwererelatedtoNativeAmericantribes,andColoradoandNevada,whichwereinfluencedbySpanishcolonizersinthe1800s.Thesedays,BritonsandAmericansstillargueoverterminology(术语)andspellings.Buttheirvarietyanddifferencesformakeypartofeachnation'shistoricalculture.Indeed,itshowsthetruthbehindthephrase,“BritainandAmerica,twonationsweredividedbyacommonlanguage.Weshouldlearntolivewithitandappreciateit.”1.重点词汇再现学科网（北京）股份有限公司
1(1)systemn.系统(2)regardn.方面(3)pointofview观点；看法(4)gapn.间隔；差距(5)dialectn.方言(6)datebackto追溯到(7)basev.以……为基础(8)referto指的是(9)basisn.基础(10)majoradj.主要的(11)strugglen.斗争(12)demandn.要求；需求(13)relateto与……相关；涉及(14)varietyn.多样化(15)appreciatevt.欣赏2．经典句型再现：as引导状语从句，意为“随着”AsCelticgraduallyfaded,anearlyformofBritishEnglishemergedwithinfluencesbasedonFrenchandLatin.随着凯尔特人的逐渐衰落，早期的英式英语出现了，它受到了法语和拉丁语的影响。迷你语料库(MiniCorpus)序号佳句呈现赏析1Chinaiswidelyknownfor①itsancientcivilisationwhichhascontinuedallthewaythroughintomoderntimes②，despite③themanyupsanddownsinitshistory.①“beknownfor＝befamousfor”意为“因……而出名”；②which引导非限制性定语从句；③despite是介词，意为“尽管”，后面跟名词或名词短语。本句描述中国古代文明历史源远流长。2Itdatesbackseveralthousandyearstotheuseoflonggu—animalbonesand①名词短语作同位语，解释longgu；②介词＋which引导的定语从句，学科网（北京）股份有限公司
2shells①onwhichsymbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeople②.修饰先行词animalbonesandshells，介词on和先行词搭配，意为“在……上”。本句描写了中国文字的起源——甲骨文。3Overtheyears,thesystemdevelopedintodifferentforms,asitwasatime①whenpeopleweredividedgeographically②，leadingtomanyvarietiesofdialectsandcharacters③.①as意为“因为”引导原因状语从句；②when引导定语从句，修饰先行词atime；③v.ing形式作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。本句描述了由于地理的不同，导致各式各样的语言。续 表序号佳句呈现赏析4EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.where引导定语从句，修饰先行词oneunifiedcountry。本句描述了中国文字系统统一的历史。5ThatwritingsystemwasofgreatimportanceinunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.“beof＋抽象意义的名词＝be＋adj.”，可以用于描述事物的重要性。6Eventoday,nomatterwhereChinesepeopleliveorwhatdialecttheyspeak,theycanallstillcommunicateinwriting.“nomatter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句，意为“无论……”，在写作中使用，属于亮点句型。7WrittenChinesehasalsobecomeanimportantmeansbywhichChina'spresentisconnectedwithitspast.“介词＋which”引导定语从句，修饰先行词means(n.方式；方法)；by和means搭配意为“凭借……方式”学科网（北京）股份有限公司
3。本句描写了文字的重要性——联系中国过去和现在。8PeopleinmoderntimescanreadtheclassicworkswhichwerewrittenbyChineseinancienttimes.which引导定语从句，修饰先行词theclassicworks。本句描写了文字的作用——能够让后人读到中国古典作品。9ThehighregardfortheChinesewritingsystemcanbeseeninthedevelopmentofChinesecharactersas①anartform,knownasChinesecalligraphy②，whichhasbecomeanimportantpartofChineseculture③.①as在此处是介词，意为“作为”；②过去分词短语作定语；③which引导定语从句，修饰先行词Chinesecalligraphy。本句描写了书法的重要作用。10AsChinaplaysagreaterroleinglobalaffairs①，anincreasingnumberof②internationalstudentsarebeginningtoappreciateChina'scultureandhistorythroughthisamazinglanguage.①as在此处是连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“随着”；②anincreasingnumberof意为“越来越多的”。本句描写了中国文化和历史越来越重要。11I'vebeenstudyingEnglishsinceprimaryschool.本句使用了现在完成进行时，用来描述持续一段时间的动作。12IusedtogethighmarksinEnglish,butnowI'mhavingalotoftroublewithmylistening.“usedtodosth.”意为“过去常常做某事”；“havetroublewithsth.”意为“做某事有困难”。本句用来描述情况的变化，形成一种对比。13ListeningtoEnglishradioprogrammeshelpsmegetusedtohowfastnativespeakerstalk.v.ing形式作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。本句用来描写有效的英语学习方法。14IalsorepeatwhatIheartohelp本句是一种英语学习方法，学科网（北京）股份有限公司
4myselftoexperiencethefeelingofthelanguage.可以用于描写解决语言学习的困难。15MybiggestheadacheishowtobepoliteinEnglish.本句描写英语学习的困难。16IhavetothinkaboutwhoI'mtalkingto①andthendecidewhethertosay②，“Openthewindow,please！”or“Couldyouopenthewindow,please？”orevenlonger“Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow,please？”①who引导宾语从句；②whether引导宾语从句。本句描写了思考并做决定的场景。17...soIonlyneedafewwordstobridgethegapbetweenus.特别注意bridgethegap这个短语，意为“消除差距”。读后续写入门篇：读深——深挖知识点(Words,expressions,sentences)在读懂要素和主题、读通情节和感情发展并精析语言之后，如何尝试使用获取的信息，并且应用到自己的写作中？最有效的做法就是把获取的信息与已经学过的语言知识结合起来——挖掘语篇中的知识点，然后尝试使用到续写语篇中。这样，除了可以做到和原文的衔接，也可以达到语言的一致性和衔接性。在读深的过程中，可以从三个方面进行挖掘：1．词汇2．短语3．句型【典题精析】阅读下面的材料，完成以下任务。I'manEnglishselflearner,butEnglishisnotmyfirstlanguage.TodayIamanEnglishteacher.Iwouldliketosaythatfailuresarenotdisastrous.Havefaith,keepmovingon,andnevergiveuphope,andyouwillseeyourhardworkpayoff.IwasaslowlearnerwhenIwaslittle.Beforefive,Icouldn'tevenspeakinfullsentences.Unlikemostotherchildren,Iseldominteractedwithothers;Ineithercriednorthrewtantrums(发脾气).MyextremequietnessmademyparentswonderifIwasmentallyslow,buttheywerenot学科网（北京）股份有限公司
5sure.Actually,Ihavetoconfessthatmymemoriesofmyearlychildhoodarequiteunclear.Mylearningproblemsweretheresultofmymothertakingsomemedicinewhenshebecamepregnantwithme.AlthoughIwasbornwithoutanyphysicaldefects(缺陷),themedicinedidaffectmyearlyintellectualdevelopment.WhenIwasinelementaryschool,Ilearnedveryslowlyandwasasquietasadoll.Whilemyteacherwasteaching,mymindoftenwanderedoutsidetheclassroomtotheplayground.Asafifthgrader,Ifinallystartedinteractingwithmyclassmates.ThatwasthefirsttimeinmymemorythatIhadsomefriends.Afterheadingatfullspeedformyjuniorhigheducation,mylearningsituationgotstuckinthemudagain.Inmycountry,studentsenteringjuniorhighschoolhadtotakeanIQtest.Itwasatestforschoolstoevaluatestudents'learningabilitiessothattheycouldarrangethemintodifferentlevelsofclassesbasedontheirIQtestscores.Iwasplacedinthe“bottomclass”asaresultofmybelowaverageIQscore.Mostofmyteacherstaughtususingeasyandslowmethodsbecausetheyconsideredusincapableoflearningmuch.However，despitethat,IneverlostfaiththatImightonedaysucceedasiftoprovethatwhenGodclosesadoor,hewilldefinitelyopenupabigwindow.Amiracleoccurred.That'swhenIdiscoveredastrongpassionforEnglish.1．词汇——请写出以下词汇的含义及词形变化。(1)failuren．失败→failv．失败(2)disastrousadj.灾难性的→disastern．灾难(3)faithn．信任，信心→faithfuladj.忠诚的→faithfullyadv.忠诚地；如实地(4)actuallyadv.事实上→actualadj.实际的；真实的(5)confessv．坦白，承认(6)pregnantadj.怀孕的→pregnancyn．怀孕(7)evaluatev．评价，评估→evaluationn．评价；评估(8)arrangev．安排→arrangementn．安排(9)placev．放置(10)averageadj.平均的，普通的(11)considerv．考虑→considerateadj.考虑周到的→considerableadj.相当多的→considerationn．仔细考虑(12)succeedv．成功→successn．成功→successfuladj.成功的→successfullyadv.成功地2．短语——请写出以下短语的含义。(1)payoff得到回报(2)interactwithsb.和某人交往学科网（北京）股份有限公司
6(3)elementaryschool小学(4)atfullspeed全速(5)getstuck困住(6)bebasedon以……为基础(7)asaresultof作为……的结果(8)beincapableof不能(9)losefaith失去信心3．句型——总结应用到的句型。(1)Ineithercriednorthrewtantrums.分析：neither...nor...为并列连词，意为“既不……也不……”。(2)AlthoughIwasbornwithoutanyphysicaldefects①，themedicinedidaffect②myearlyintellectualdevelopment.分析：①Although引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”；②didaffect是对谓语动词的强调。一般情况下，用“do/does/did＋动词原形”表示。(3)...Ilearnedveryslowlyandwasasquietasadoll.分析：as＋adj./adv.＋as表示同级比较。(4)ThatwasthefirsttimeinmymemorythatIhadsomefriends.分析：句型“This/That/Itis/wasthefirst/second/.../lasttime＋(that)...”意为“这/那是第一/二/……/最后一次做某事”。在此句型中，当主句为一般现在时或一般将来时时，从句的谓语动词用现在完成时；当主句为一般过去时时，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时。(5)Afterheadingatfullspeedformyjuniorhigheducation,mylearningsituationgotstuckinthemudagain.分析：After＋v.ing形式在句中作时间状语。(6)Inmycountry,studentsenteringjuniorhighschoolhadtotakeanIQtest.分析：v.ing形式在句中作定语，修饰名词students。(7)Itwasatestforschoolstoevaluatestudents'learningabilitiessothattheycouldarrangethemintodifferentlevelsofclassesbasedontheirIQtestscores.分析：sothat引导结果状语从句。(8)However,despitethat①，IneverlostfaiththatImightonedaysucceedasiftoprove②thatwhenGodclosesadoor,hewilldefinitelyopenupabigwindow.分析：①despite意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句；②asif＋todo是“asif＋主句主语＋将来时”的省略；学科网（北京）股份有限公司
7Herushesoutoftheroomasifhewillmeetsomeimportantperson.→Herushesoutoftheroomas__if__to__meetsomeimportantperson.(9)That'swhenIdiscoveredastrongpassionforEnglish.分析：when引导表语从句。名校模拟演练：1,（2022·湖北·枣阳一中高三阶段练习）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Andrewwasanewstudentinmyclass,whohademotionalmanagementproblems.Sincehehadbeensuspendedfromclassmanytimesinpreviousyears,Iassuredtheworstwhenhecametomyclass.Andrewsatatthebackoftheclassroom.EverytimeItalkedinfrontoftheclass,hewouldchatwiththestudentsaroundandevenlaughloudly.EverytimeIcalledonhimtoansweraquestion,hewouldrespondwithacasual“Idon’tknow”.IfIgavehimaslight,criticism,hewouldbecomereallyangry.Asanexperiencedteacher,Icanalwaysgetstudentsinvolvedinclassdiscussionoratleastmotivatethemtositquietlyandlistenattentively.ButforAndrew,Iwasreallypowerless.Hewasjustnoisyandrude.Oneday,AndrewwastalkingloudlyintheclasswhenIwasteaching.Isaidintheusualtoneofvoice,“Andrew,whydon’tyoujoininourdiscussionsbuthaveoneofyourown?”Hearingthat,hegotupfromhischair,pushedthebooksoverandshoutedsomething.Icouldn’thearclearlywhathesaidotherthanseveralrudewords.Aftertheclass,Andrewwassenttomyoffice,whereIgavehimadisciplinereferralaweek’sout-of-schoolsuspension.Deepinmymind,though,Ididn’texpectreferralstobeeffectivesincestudentswouldreturnbehavingevenworsethanbefore.ButwhatelsecouldIdowithsuchatrouble-maker?Ihadtoadmitthiswasoneofmymostawfulteachingexperiences.Andrew’sangerwasalmostunexpectedandoutofcontrol.TheweekwithoutAndrew’spresencewasawonderfultime,andtheclasswentonsmoothlyandefficiently.However,withhissuspensionweekdrawingtoaclosesoon,Ifeltrestlessanduneasy.Wouldhedisturbtheclassasalways?Wouldhetakerevenge（报复）onme?注意：1.续写词数应为150左右：2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Para1:OnthedaywhenAndrewwassupposedtoreturn,Iwaitedforhimatthedoor.学科网（北京）股份有限公司
8___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Para2:Aflashofsurprisespreadoverhisface.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2,（2022·广东·广州市第五中学高三阶段练习）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Ihadnevernoticedher.Shewasnotthekindofgirlwhocoulddrawattention.Shewasnottallandjustplain.Inclass,shelikedsittingattheback,readingortakingnotes.ItwasonceIaskedhertoreadaloudthetextthatIlookedatherwithneweyeswhenIheardherstandardAmericanpronunciation.Lateron,theNationalCollegeEnglishSpeechContestwouldbeheld.Ithoughtitoverandfilledinhernamewithasmile.Ired-penciledherdraftofspeech,correctedherpronunciation,andevenadjustedherbodylanguage.However,Iwasalwayskindofworriedbecauseshewastoointrovert(内向的)andtooquiet.Couldsheseizethisrareopportunity?Onthenightofthecontest,Itoldhertotakeiteasy.Blushed(脸红的),shelookedatmeandsaidnothing.Myheartsank.Itseemedthatshedidtenseup.Ipatedherandlethergotodrawlots(抽签).Asaresult,whatshedrewwasNo.9whileNo.8wasrecognizedEnglishmaster-hand(高手).Sureenough,theEnglishmaster-handwasfairlysuccessfulinthespeechwithhishumorandhighlypersonalstyle.Thewholeaudiencewouldmakeawarmapplausealmostevery30secondsuntilsheappearedonthestage,stilltalkingoverhisspeechwithexcitement.Mypalmsbegantosweat.Isatthere,withnocouragetolookather.Itwasthefirsttimethatshewentupthestage,soIcouldn'tblameherforanyslips.Butatthatmoment,IfoundIwassoscaredofherfailure.Thestrongspotlightmadehersosmallandsoinsignificantthatnobodyseemedtonoticeshehadbeenonthestage,Isaidtomyself,nohope.Butthemomentthatshockedmeoccurred.Iclearlyheardavoice,averyloudvoice,“Now,pleasefocusonme.”Shesaidthissentencethreetimesinall,louderandlouder.注意：1.续写词数应为150词左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。学科网（北京）股份有限公司
9Thewholeaudiencefellsilent.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Afterherspeechendedforalongwhile,athunderousapplausesoundedinthewholeaudience.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】1,OnthedaywhenAndrewwassupposedtoreturn,Iwaitedforhimatthedoor.Eventually,thefamiliarfigureappeared,walkingwithhishandsinhispockets.Ashecameclose,Iwasabouttogreethimwhenheignoredmedeliberately.“Sorry,Andrew.Ishouldhavehadatalkwithyoutofindawayoutbeforegivingyouasuspension,”apologizedI.Withhisheadlowered,hedidn’tutterasingleword.“Maybenexttimeyoucan’tcontrolyourselfinclass,youcanstepoutofthedoorforawhiletocollectyourself,”addedI,tryingtobreaktheice.Aflashofsurprisespreadoverhisface.Thenaughtyboyfrozethere,staringatmewithwideeyes.“ItisIwhoshouldsaysorry,”murmuredhe,hisfaceburningwithshame.Withasmileofrelief,Ipattedhimonhisshoulder,signalingtohimtogobacktohisseat.Inthedaysthatfollowed,Andrewdidn’tmisbehaveinclassanymoreandtookanactivepartinclassdiscussions.Neverbeforediditoccurtomethat“apologies”couldmakesuchahugedifference—itturnedoneofmyworstexperiencesintoperhapsthebestone!【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了班级里的一个名叫安德鲁的新生从一开始的叛逆，顽皮以及在课堂上胡作非为到最后遵守纪律，积极参与课堂讨论的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“在安德鲁应该回来的那天，我在门口等他。”可知，第一段可描写安德鲁回来之后我的反应以及他的心理变化的过程。。②由第二段首句内容“他脸上闪过一丝惊讶。”可知，第二段可描写安德鲁的变化让我感到惊讶以及我的感悟。。学科网（北京）股份有限公司
102.续写线索：安德鲁回来——我主动找安德鲁谈话——安德鲁的反应——我向安德鲁道歉——安德鲁的变化——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①走近：cameclose/walkclose/walkupto②.和某人谈话：hadatalkwith/chatwith③.积极参加：tookanactivepartin/participateinactively情绪类①.害羞：shame/blush②.惊讶：surprise/amazement【点睛】[高分句型1].OnthedaywhenAndrewwassupposedtoreturn,Iwaitedforhimatthedoor.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句。）[高分句型2].Neverbeforediditoccurtomethat“apologies”couldmakesuchahugedifference—itturnedoneofmyworstexperiencesintoperhapsthebestone!（运用了否定词位于句首主句的部分倒装。）[高分句型3]Eventually,thefamiliarfigureappeared,walkingwithhishandsinhispockets.（运用了非谓语动词中的现在分词作伴随状语。）2,Thewholeaudiencefellsilent.Smallandthinasthegirlappeared,thedeterminedlookonherfaceinstantlycaughteveryone’seyes.Sheglancedattheaudience,tookadeepbreathandbeganherspeech.Everythingwentsmoothly－hervoicewasclearandinfluentialandherspeechwaslogicalandwell-organized.Wordsofpowerandgraceflowedfreelyoutofthegirllikemagic.Shewasusuallysoft-voicedandrarelydrewattentioninpublicbefore.Itwaslikesomethinginadream!Afterherspeechendedforalongwhile,athunderousapplausesoundedinthewholeaudience.Whenthecompetitionwasdrawingtoaclose,stillimmersedinherstunningperformance,allofuswaitednervouslyforthewinner’snametobecalled.Tearsofjoyblurredmyvisionthemomentthehostannouncedthatshewonthefirstprize.Holdingthetrophytightly,shegavemeabrilliantsmile.“Yousurelymadeyourselfthemostshiningfocustonight!”Iexclaimed,cheerfullypullingherintomyarms.Yes,sometimesatremendousenergyoriginatesfromthesilentaccumulation.【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者挑选班里一个口语标准但是性格内向的女孩参加全国英语演讲比赛。比赛的当天，作者现场督战，当看到对手强大，并赢得观众的阵阵掌声时，对自己的学生缺乏信心。然而，事实证明，这个看上去文静，内向怯弱的女孩却以惊人的气魄赢得了观众的支持，取得了成功。即沉默着发威的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“全场鸦雀无声。”可知，第一段可描写女孩在赛场上的表现，令人惊讶。描写的内容可以包括女孩的演讲语速、声音等等以及赛场外观众的反应。学科网（北京）股份有限公司
11②由第二段首句内容“她的演讲结束了好一会儿，全场响起了雷鸣般的掌声。”可知，第二段可描写女孩演讲后，观众们对女孩精彩表现的积极反应。同时可以描述女孩的获奖的心情以及作者的情绪反应。最后阐述通过该经历作者收获的宝贵经验。2.续写线索：现场比赛——鸦雀无声——精彩表现——热烈反响——登台领奖——最终感悟3.词汇激活行为类①.吸引目光：catchone’seyes/drawone’sattention②.接近尾声：drawtoaclose/cometoanend③.模糊视线： blurone’svision /bevague情绪类①.坚毅的表情：thedeterminedlook/thedecisivelook②.高兴地： cheerfully/delightfully【点睛】[高分句型1].Whenthecompetitionwasdrawingtoaclose,stillimmersedinherstunningperformance,allofuswaitednervouslyforthewinner’snametobecalled. （使用when引导的时间状语从句，以及过去分词作伴随状语。）[高分句型2].Tearsofjoyblurredmyvisionthemomentthehostannouncedthatshewonthefirstprize.（themoment引导的时间状语从句以及that引导的宾语从句）学科网（北京）股份有限公司
