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读后续写微讲座六：利用主题语境 快速归纳主题外刊输入——悟语言之道SameFestival,DifferentStylesChristmasisthebiggestholidayoftheyearinmanycountriesincludingtheUSandtheUK.DecoratingChristmastrees,givinggiftsandsingingChristmassongsarejustafewofthetraditionalfeaturesthatthetwonationsshare.However,justastherearemanyculturaldifferencesbetweenthetwolands,ChristmasisnotexactlythesameonbothsidesoftheAtlantic.Thedifferencesrangefromlanguagetothewaypeoplecelebrateit.ThelanguageofChristmasisnotreallythesameintheUSandtheUK.Britonsusuallysay“HappyChristmas”toeachotheronthisimportantoccasion.ButAmericanswilllookconfusedorburstoutlaughingifyouwishthem“HappyChristmas”，asopposedto“MerryChristmas”.TheshorteningofChristmasto“Chrimbo”，whichistypicalintheUK,isalmostabsolutelyunknownintheUS.Anotherdifferenceisthenameofthewhitebeardedoldmanfigurewhodeliverspresentstochildren.Britonsusuallycallhim“FatherChristmas”whereasUSpeoplerefertohimonlyas“SantaClaus”orsimply“Santa”．AChristmasdinnerintheUSdoesn'tnecessarilyhaveturkey,either.TheBBCexplainedthatAmericanssavethatparticularrepresentativefoodforThanksgivingDay,andtheyoftengoforhamorroastbeefonChristmasDay.Fordessert,Christmascake,ChristmaspuddingispopularintheUK.IntheUS,however,yourpostmealtreatwillprobablybeoneofthefollowing:pumpkinpie,fruitcake,applepie,pecan(山核桃)pie,orsweetpotatopie.Duringthedinner,Britonsmakeitahabittoputonpaperhatsandpullafirecrackerwithdinerswhogathertogether.ButthereisnosuchceremonyintheUS,wherepaperhatsarelesscommonandChristmascrackersarenearlyunheardof.However,onethingyouwillfindintheUS,butnotintheUK,isthatthegracefulChristmasdecorationsyouseeinmoviesarereal.Somehomeownerseventurntheirhousesintolightshowstodisplayajoyfulatmosphere.Inspiteofallthosedifferences,Christmasremainsasignificantfestivalforbothcountrieswhenpeopleshowtheirreligiousbeliefsandgratitudetowardslife.1.重点词汇再现(1)decoratev.装饰(2)featuren.特征(3)rangefrom...to...包括；从……到……之间学科网（北京）股份有限公司
1(4)occasionn.特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)(5)MerryChristmas圣诞快乐(6)typicaladj.典型的(7)absolutelyadv.完全地(8)figuren.人物(9)turkeyn.火鸡(10)representativeadj.代表性的(11)roastadj.烤的(12)pudding不定(13)pumpkin南瓜(14)firecracker鞭炮(15)gatherv.聚集(16)ceremonyn.仪式(17)gracefuladj.优雅的(18)joyfuladj.快乐的(19)atmospheren.气氛(20)inspiteof尽管(21)significantadj.有重大意义的(22)religiousadj.宗教的(23)beliefn.信仰(24)gratituden.感激之情2．经典句型再现：makeit＋adj./n.＋forsb.todosth.Duringthedinner,Britonsmakeitahabittoputonpaperhatsandpullafirecrackerwithdinerswhogathertogether.在晚餐期间，英国人习惯戴上纸帽，和一起的聚餐的人们放鞭炮。迷你语料库(MiniCorpus)序号佳句呈现赏析1Festivalsarecelebratedallaroundtheworld.Theyhaveawiderangeoforigins,suchastheseasonsoftheyear,描写节日的共性及区别——不同的起源。figure为名词，意为“人物”。学科网（北京）股份有限公司
2religions,famousfigures,andimportantevents.2Everyfestivalhasitsdifferentcustomsanduniquecharms.描写节日有不同的风俗及魅力。3However,nomatterhow①differenttheymayseem,allovertheworld,thespiritofsharingjoy,gratitude,love,orpeaceiscommoninallfestivals②.描写节日精神的共通之处。①nomatterhow引导让步状语从句，等于however，意为“不管怎样、无论如何”。②描写节日的共性。4Peoplecelebratetoshowthattheyaregratefulfortheyear'ssupplyoffood.描写对丰收节日的态度——感恩。begratefulfor意为“因……感激”。续 表序号佳句呈现赏析5Itfeaturedaparadeandagreatfeastwithmusic,dancingandsports.描写节日的庆祝活动。parade意为“游行”。6DuringtheMidAutumnFestivalinChina,familiesgathertoadmiretheshiningmoonandenjoydeliciousmooncakes.描写中秋节的庆祝方式。admiretheshiningmoon意为“赏皓月”；enjoy意为“吃、享用”。7Customsplayasignificantroleinfestivals...描写风俗的重要作用。playasignificantrolein“起重要作用”；significant“显著的”，可用great替换。8Withthedevelopmentofmodernsocietyandthespreadofnewideas,sometraditionsmayfadeawayandothersmaybeestablished.描写风俗的消失及新建。Withthedevelopmentofmodernsociety意为“随着社会的发展”；fadeaway意为“学科网（北京）股份有限公司
3逐渐消失”；establish意为“建立”，同义动词为found，同义词组为setup。9OneexampleisthetypicalChineseSpringFestivalcustomoflightingfirecrackerstodriveawaytheevilspiritsandcelebratethenewyear.描写中国春节最常见的庆祝方式——放鞭炮，驱赶邪恶。lightfirecrackers意为“放鞭炮”。10Festivalsareanimportantpartofsociety.Theyreflectpeople'swishes,beliefs,faithsandattitudestowardslife.描写节日的文化功能。attitude为名词，意为“态度”，往往和介词to或towards搭配使用，意为“对……的态度”。11Theyareoccasionsthatallowustorelaxandenjoylife,andforgetaboutourworkforalittlewhile.描写节日的用途。that引导的定语从句，修饰occasions。12IexperiencedtheNaadamFestivalinChina'sInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegionforthefirsttimethisyear.概括描写第一次经历庆祝活动。13Thefestivalfallsonthefourthdayofthesixthmonthofthelunarcalendar,usuallylastingforthreedays.描写节日的日期及持续时间。fall意为“发生”；fallon＋具体日期意为“适逢……”；lastingforthreedays为v.ing形式作状语，意为“持续”。14Aftersingingsomesongs,thecompetitorsdancedontothegreenfield,wavingtheirarmsintheairasif①theywereeagles②.描写节日的庆祝活动。①isif意为“好像”，为比喻句；②v.ing形式作状语，和句子的主语thecompetitors构成主动关系。15ThatwasthemomentIstartedtounderstandwhypeoplesay描写对节日或庆祝活动的理解。学科网（北京）股份有限公司
4“HorsesareattheheartofMongolianculture”．16I'mfinallybackhomenow,feelingreallytired①，butcelebratingNaadamwithmyfriendwastotallyworthit②.描写节日庆祝后的感受。①v.ing作状语，和句子的主语构成主动的关系。②单个v.ing形式作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。读后续写入门篇：利用主题语境 快速归纳主题主题语境是六大课程内容之一，和学科核心素养的“语言能力、文化意识、思维品质、学习能力”是紧密相关的。根据《普通高中英语课程标准》，主题为语言学习提供主题范围或主题语境。学生对主题意义的探究应是学生学习语言的最重要内容，直接影响学生语篇理解的程度、思维发展的水平和语言学习的成效。主题语境分为三大类：人与自我、人与社会和人与自然。在读后续写这个写作任务中，对于文章的主题走向，可以根据三大主题语境进行预测，提高写作效率和得分率。主题语境主题群写作主题人与自我生活与学习；做人与做事自我的成长人与社会社会服务与人际沟通；文学、艺术与体育；历史、社会与文化；科学与技术人与人的互动，尤其是人和人之间的互相帮助人与自然自然生态；环境保护；灾难防范；宇宙探索人和野生动植物及环境和谐互动；人和宠物的和谐互动；灾难自救和救援 在文本的实际阅读中，有可能不仅仅涉及一个主题语境，在归纳文章中心主题的时候，应该注意全面涵盖，才能使续写能够和原文的衔接度更高。【即学即练】阅读下面三段材料，分别归纳主题语境及写作主题。学科网（北京）股份有限公司
5语篇1Iamtheoldestoffourkidsinmyfamily.Inmyparents'eyes,mymilestonefirstsarenotonlymyown;theyarebrandnewexperiencesforthem.Undertheircarefulguidance,IappliedtosixUSEastCoastuniversitiesinmysenioryearandeasilydecidedwhichofthesixwouldbemyearlyactionchoice.Iwasconfidentaboutmyfirstchoiceschool.Theexcitementtojointhestudentbodyatmytoppickschoolwasobvious.Mymotherwasexcited,too.Ifilledanonlineshoppingbasketwithschool“goods”sotheorderwouldbereadytogowhenIreceivedtheacceptanceletterthatIwassosurewascoming.Italkedendlesslyabouttheuniversity'sbasketballteam,whatcampuslifewouldbelike,andwhatclassesI'dchoose;that'showcertainIwasthatI'dbeaccepted.Asmyparents,theyfeltreasonablyhopefulthatanacceptanceletterwasonitsway.Motherwasn'thomewhentherejectionletterlandedinmyemailbox.Thescenewasaheartbreakingcombinationofsobbinganddisbelief.Myfatherhadinvestedconsiderabletimeandresourcesintoguidingme.We'dtakenafathersontourofallsixuniversitiesjustafewweeksearlier.Thiswashisloss,too.Iwasextremelyshockedandupset.Soweremyparents.Isatinmyroomforhours,staringsilentlyattheemailwithtearsrollingdownmyface.Ididn'thaveaplan,butIknewthatIhadtogetmyselfoutofthehouseandawayfromthelaptop.Ineededtodrawmyattentionawayfromthat,justlikeIdidwhenIwasa6yearoldgettingashotinhospital.Atthatmoment,mymotherknockedonthedoorandslowlyenteredmyroom.主题语境：人与社会；人与自我写作主题：Withthesupportofmyparents，Igrewupandlearnedtofacethefailurebravely.语篇2IthappenedwhenTomwasonlytenyearsold.ThatdayhewasathomewithhiseldersisterJane.Tomwasdoinghishomeworkwhenheheardraisedvoices.Atfirsthedidn'tthinkseriouslyaboutit,sinceitwasalwaysnoisydownstairs,buthesoonrealisedthistimeitwasdifferent.“Quick!Quick!Removethemotorcyclesfromtheshop，”someoneyelled.Thenathickburningsmellfilledtheair.WhenTomopenedthefrontdooroftheirflattoinvestigate,athickcloudofsmokegreetedhim.Themotorcycleshophadcaughtfireandpeoplewererunningandcrying.Jane,whohadbeenplayingtheviolininherroom,hurriedtothelivingroom.Theyrushedoutofthedoorandalongthecorridor(走廊)throughthesmoke.TheywereheadingtowardsthestairwayatthefarendofthecorridorwhenJanesuddenly学科网（北京）股份有限公司
6stopped.Sheturnedaroundandheadedbackthewaytheycame.Tomhadnoideawhatshewasdoing,buthefollowedher.Janehadsuddenlyrememberedtheladyinher70swholivednextdoortothem,whotheycalledMakcik.JanebeganbangingonMakcik'sdoor,butgotnoanswer.Asthesmokethickenedaroundthem,Tomcouldseemanyoftheirneighbours—somestillintheirpajamas—runningforsafety.Thethoughtoffearcrossedhismind.“Shewouldhaverunforsafetylikeeveryoneelse！”Tomcried.However,Janerefusedtogiveup.“IknowMakcik'sstillinside.”ShesaidshewasfamiliarwithMakcik'sdailyroutineandwascertainshewouldstillbesleeping.Shepoundedagainstthedoor.“Godownstairs.Gonow!Go！”主题语境：人与社会写作主题：Facingthe__fireanddanger,Jane,togetherwithherlittlebrother,chosetohelp__an__old__ladytrappedinherroom.语篇3(浙江卷)Onabright，warmJulyafternoon，MacHollan，aprimaryschoolteacher，wascyclingfromhishometoAlaskawithhisfriends.Oneofhisfriendshadstoppedtomakeabicyclerepair，buttheyhadencouragedMactocarryon,andtheywouldcatchupwithhimsoon.AsMacpedaled(骑行)alongalone，hethoughtfondlyofhiswifeandtwoyoungdaughtersathome.Hehopedtoshowthemthisbeautifulplacesomeday.ThenMacheardquickandloudbreathingbehindhim.“Man，that'sabigdog！”hethought.Butwhenhelookedtotheside，hesawinstantlythatitwasn'tadogatall，butawolf，quicklycatchingupwithhim.Mac'sheartjumped.Hefoundouthiscanofbearspray.Withonehandonthebars，hefiredthesprayatthewolf.Abrightredcloudenvelopedtheanimal，andtoMac'srelief，itfellback，shakingitshead.Butaminutelater，itwasbyhissideagain.ThenitattackedthebackofMac'sbike，tearingopenhistentbag.Hefiredatthewolfasecondtime，andagain，itfellbackonlytoquicklyrestartthechase(追赶).Macwaspedalinghardnow.Hewavedandyelledatpassingcarsbutwascarefulnottoslowdown.Hesawasteepuphillclimbbeforehim.Heknewthatoncehehitthehill，he'dbeeasilycaughtupandthewolf'steethwouldbetearingintohisflesh.Atthismoment，PaulandBeckyweredrivingtheircarontheirwaytoAlaska.Theydidn'tthinkmuchofitwhentheysawtwocyclistsrepairingtheirbikeonthesideoftheroad.Abit学科网（北京）股份有限公司
7later，theyspottedwhatthey，too，assumedwasadogrunningalongsideamanonabike.Astheygotcloser，theyrealizedthatthedogwasawolf.Macheardalargevehiclebehindhim.Hepulledinfrontofitasthewolfwascatchingupfast，justadozenyardsawaynow.主题语境：人与自然；人与社会写作主题：Encounteringawolf,MactriedhisbesttorunawaywiththehelpofPaulandBecky．名校模拟演练：1，（2022·广东·高三开学考试）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Irecentlyhadachallengingtimeworkingonagroupproject.Myteacherputmewiththreepeoplewhoweren’tallthatexcitedaboutgettinganyworkdone,andtheexperiencewasextremelystressful.Ourassignmentwastopickoneofthe50statesandmakeabrochureaboutit.“Let’spickHawaii!”saidCupcake.“Hawaiihassupercuteswimsuits.”“Thatissotrue!”saidCookie.“Speakingofswimsuits,therearesomeget-ready-for-summersaleshappeningrightnow.”“Really?Maybemymomwilltakemeshoppingthisweekend,”saidCupcake.IturnedtoVolcano.“Whichstatedoyouthinkweshouldpick?”Volcanoshrugged(耸肩).“Idon’tcare.Butwhathappenedtoyourhair,Arizona?Itlookslikeitgotcaughtinablender(搅拌机)!”TherestofVolcano’scommentsduringthemeetingwereequally“helpful.”Atournextgroupmeeting,nooneseemedveryeagertotalkaboutourbrochure,soIwentaheadandsharedtheinterestingfactsI’dlearnedaboutHawaiianfoodandculture.WhenIwasdone,noonesaidanything,soIpulledoutmynotebook.“Cupcake,youhadofferedtosearchforpicturesofHawaiiansealife.Wereyouabletofindsome?”“Ididn’thavetime,”sheanswered,“buthere’saphotoofmeatthehotelpoolinHawaii.”Ilookedatthepictureshehadtapedinhernotebookandsmiled.“Youlookgreat,butyouprobablydon’tcountassealife.Cookie,youweregoingtofindsomehistoricalinformation.AndVolcano,youwereinchargeofHawaiiangeography,right?”“I’lldomypartsoon,”saidCookie.“I’vebeenreallybusylately.”“Me,too.I’vebeenreallybusy!”saidVolcano.Iwasgettingtheimpressionthatnoonebutmeplannedtoworkonthebrochure.“WhatamIgoingtodo?DoIhavetodoalltheworkforeveryoneifIdon’twantabadgrade?”学科网（北京）股份有限公司
8注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Aswesetthetablefordinner,mymomcouldtellIwasstressedout.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Andatournextgroupmeeting,Itriedtobringupmyconcernsinafriendlyway.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2,（2022·浙江省淳安中学高三开学考试）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的文章。Onthefirstdayofschool,Istaredinaweatthehugebuildings.ThishighschoolwasdefinitelybiggerthantheoneIhadpreviouslyattended.Thiswasmysecondyearofhighschool,butmyfirstyearofschoolinSt.Louis.IhaddecidedthenightbeforethatIwouldbemuchhappierinanewschoolifImadefriendsthatwereso-called“popular”.Gettinginwiththerightgroupofpeoplewouldmakemylifeawholelotbetter.Ievenboughtanewoutfitandhadmyhairstyledjustsothefirstdaywouldbeperfect.Scared,yetanxioustobeginmynewlife,Iwalkedupthestairstothefrontdoor.Thehallswerepackedwithkidsyellingandlaughingandtellingstoriesoftheirsummeradventures.Myfirstclasswasgeometry,butwherewasthat?Iwasstandinginthehalllookingconfused,whenashort,blondgirlwearingglassescameupandasked,“Areyounew?Youlooklost.Doyouneedhelp?MynameisDiane.What’syours?”Eventhoughsheseemedabitstrange,definitelynotthekindofpersonIwantedtobeassociatedwith,Idecidedtoanswerheranyway.Iwas,afterall,lost.Afterexchangingnames.Ifollowedherupthestairsanddownahallwayontheright,makingpoliteconversationthewholeway.Whenwereachedmyroomshesaid,“Well,hereyouare.WelcometoJFK,andIhopeyourdaygoesallright.”学科网（北京）股份有限公司
9Isaidthanksandwavedgood-bye.Onceinsidetheclassroom,Isawonebiggroupofpeoplehuddledaroundsomeonewhoseemedtobetellingsomesortofstory.Iwalkedoverandgotcloseenoughtooverhear.Alleyesweregluedtotheguyinthemiddleofthecirclewhowaswearingaletterjacketcoveredwithpatches.Idecidedthatthisguywaspopular,soImanagedtogetaseatrightnexttohim.Isaid,“Hi,mynameisLisaandI’mnewhere.”Hesaid,“Johnny.”注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右：2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置答题。Attheendoftheclass,Iturnedtohimandasked,“I’mnotsurewheremynextclassis,couldyouhelpme?”______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Justatthattime,someonecameupandtappedmeontheshoulder.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】1,Aswesetthetablefordinner,mymomcouldtellIwasstressedout.“What’sgoingon?”sheasked.“Nooneelseinmygroupisdoinganywork,”Itoldher.“SoIthoughtthattheonlywaytogetthebrochuredoneistodoitmyself.”“Well,”mymomsaidwithasmile.“Firstofall,Ithinkyoushouldtalkwithyourgroupaboutyourconcernsinafriendlyway.Secondly,youshoulddothebestjobyoucanonyourpartoftheassignment.”Afterhearingmymother’swords,Iwaslostinthought.Andatournextgroupmeeting,Itriedtobringupmyconcernsinafriendlyway.“Sincewe’reworkingasateam,we’reallrelyingoneachothertodothebestwecan,”Itoldthem.“Ifanyoneishavingtrouble,maybewe学科网（北京）股份有限公司
10cantalkaboutsolutionstogether.”Surprisingly,Cupcake,Cookie,andVolcanoallendedupdoingtheirshare.Theydidn’tnecessarilydothingsthewayIwouldhave,butIguessthat’sthedealwithgroupprojects.【导语】文章以时间发展为线索，讲述了我在团队项目中遇到的一个挑战。老师分配我和其它三人一起，从50个州中选出一个州，然后对这个州做一个宣传册。在和小组其它三人的沟通中，我发现其它三人对于我分配的任务都不愿配合去完成，我进退两难，不知该如何做。【详解】1.段落续写①由第一段首句内容“当我们摆好餐具准备吃晚饭的时候，我妈妈看得出来我压力很大。”可知，第一段可描写妈妈看出我的情绪，想法设法安慰我，同时向我提出一些建议。②由第二段首句内容“在我们的下一次小组会议上，我试图友好地提出我的担忧。”可知，第二段可描写在我的态度转变后，团队的其他三人都出色地完成了自己该做的事情。2.续写线索妈妈看出端倪——询问——提出建议——第二次会议——我改变态度——三人完成任务——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①询问：ask/enquire/inquiry/question②告知；回答：told/informed/replied③谈论；交谈：talkabout/communicate/discuss情绪类①友好的：friendly/amicable/neighborly②惊人地，出人意外地：surprisingly/unexpectedly/amazingly【点睛】[高分句型1]SoIthoughtthattheonlywaytogetthebrochuredoneistodoitmyself.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）[高分句型2]Ifanyoneishavingtrouble,maybewecantalkaboutsolutionstogether.（运用了if引导条件状语从句）2,OnePossibleVersion:Attheendoftheclass,Iturnedtohimandasked,“I’mnotsurewheremynextclassis,couldyouhelpme?”Withafrown,helookedatmeandthensaidaquickno,turnedbacktohisfriends,andwalkedoutoftheclassroom.AstheywerewalkingoutIheardhimsay,“Didyouguysseethatnewgirltryingtogetintoourgroup?Thatoutfitwastoostrange.”Theyalllaughedandsomeofthemturnedaroundandstaredatme.Myfacehotwithshame,Istoodstock-still,notbelievingwhathadjusthappened.Justatthattime,someonecameupandtappedmeontheshoulder.ItwasDiane.Likearayofsunshine,thebigsmileonherfacesweptawaymygloom.IstruggledtoholdmyfeelingsbackandtoldherwhatIhadencountered.Agleamofconcerninhereyes,shesaidshewassorryandofferedtofindmynextclass.AtthatmomentIrealizedhowwrongIwasinwantingtoonlybefriendswithpopularpeople.MaybeIshouldn’tdecidewhetherapersonisworthbeingmyfriendornotbytheirreputation,butbywhotheyare.学科网（北京）股份有限公司
11【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者高中第二年是在圣路易斯的第一年，作者在学校认识了Diane，Diane给作者指路。结果作者因为穿着被班上的同学嘲笑，Diane也对作者表示了关心，作者也感悟到不应该只和受欢迎的人交朋友。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“下课的时候，我转向他问：‘我不知道下节课在哪里，你能帮我吗？’”可知，第一段可描写对方的反应以及作者被嘲笑的经过。②由第二段首句内容“就在那时，有人走过来拍了拍我的肩膀”可知，第二段可描写Diane帮助作者以及作者的感悟。2.续写线索：询问——拒绝——嘲笑——帮助——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①走出：walkoutof/stepoutof②融入：getinto/fitinto③抑制：holdback/restrain情绪类①奇怪的：strange/odd②担心：concern/worry【点睛】[高分句型1] Myfacehotwithshame,Istoodstock-still,notbelievingwhathadjusthappened.(运用了what引导的宾语从句)[高分句型2]MaybeIshouldn’tdecidewhetherapersonisworthbeingmyfriendornotbytheirreputation,butbywhotheyare.(运用了whether引导宾语从句)学科网（北京）股份有限公司
