河北省廊坊市部分高中2024届高三上学期期末考试 英语 Word版含解析.docx

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2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试卷注意事项：1.本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whichplaceisthewomanleavingfor?A.Ashop.B.Jack’shome.C.Heroffice.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Cloudy.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthemansound?A.Embarrassed.B.Grateful.C.Nervous.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howwillthespeakersprobablytravel?A.Bycar.B.Byplane.C.Bytrain.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Trafficaccidents.B.Sci-fimovies.C.Flyingambulances. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.WhenwillMary’srentbedue?A.OnFebruary19.B.OnFebruary20.C.OnFebruary21.7.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodoaboutthirtyminuteslater?A.Calltheman’scousin.B.Attendameeting.C.Searchforanapartment.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Traveltogether.B.Lookforajob.C.Receivefurthereducation.9.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Co-workers.C.Formerschoolmates.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whendidtheearthquakehappen?AOnWednesdaynight.B.OnThursdaymorning.C.OnThursdayafternoon.11.Whatdamagedidtheearthquakecause?A.Fortypeoplelosttheirlives.B.Atleast110peoplewereinjured.C.Arailwaywasnearlydestroyed.12.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Helpthevictims.B.Tellsomesurvivalskills.C.Checkthehighways.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whichassignmenthasthemanfinished?A.TheoneonFutureEducation.B.TheoneonEducationPsychology. C.TheoneonClassroomApproaches.14.Whatisthesecondpartoftheman’sfinishedpaperabout?A.Testingsystems.B.Teachertraining.C.Rewardsandpunishments.15.Howdoesthemansupporthisconclusion?A.Bymakingcomparisons.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bydoingsurveys.16.Whatistheman’sattitudetoonlinelearningathomeforchildren?A.Disapproving.B.Uncertain.C.Supportive.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WhathasBartydecidedtodoatage25?A.Retirefromtennis.B.Gotocollege.C.Enteranewcontest.18.WhoisCaseyDellacqua?A.Barty’smainopponent.B.Barty’spersonaltrainer.C.Barty’sformerpartner.19.HowoldwasBartywhenshebecameaprofessionaltennisplayer?A.12.B.14.C.16.20.WhichmatchdidBartywinin2022?ABritishOpen.B.FrenchOpen.C.AustralianOpen.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThelistofmusicfestivalsseemstodoubleeachyear,sowethinkwe’dsaveyousometimebypresentingourpicksthatreflectadeepsenseofplace.NewOrleansJazzFestivalThisweek-longfestivalwasestablishedinNewOrleans,Americain1970tocelebratethecity’sstatusasthebirthplaceofjazz.HeadlinersthatattendedthefirstcelebrationincludedsingerMahaliaJacksonandpianistDukeEllington.Overtheyears,thisfestivalhasgrowntoshowcasemuchmorethanjazz.Attendeeshavelongenjoyedthelatesthit-makersalongsideboothsandexhibitsfeaturingLouisiana’snativecuisine,arts,andcrafts.NewportFolkFestivalFoundedbyGeorgeWeinin1959andbestknownforintroducingtheworldtothelikesofJoanBaezandBobDylan,NewportFolkFestivalisoneoftheoldestmusicfestivalsinAmerica.LikeNewOrleansJazzFestival,this RhodeIslandeventgivesafalseimpressionaboutthetypesofmusiconecanexpecttofind,althoughithasbeenremainingtruetoitsroots.IntercelticFestivalWhenmostpeopleheartheword“Celtic”,theythinkofIreland.ButthisfestivaltakesplaceeachsummerintheheartoftheseaporttownofLorientinnorthwesternFrance.Whileemphasizingmusicanddance,theten-dayfestivalalsoprovidesaplatformforcolorfulexpressionsofCelticart,foodanddrink,theater,literature,andsports.RoskildeMusicFestivalEngland’sGlastonbury,Hungary’sSziget,andDenmark’sRoskildeareEurope’sthreebiggestmusicfestivals.Roskildestandsoutnotonlyforitsimpressiveandeclecticmusic,butforitsnonprofitapproach.Allconcertincomesaredonatedtosupportcharities,musicandculturalprogramssinceitsfoundingin1971.Withlakeswimming,anon-siteskatepark,andanannual“nakedrun”,theeventhasearnedanameforbeingaweek-longsummercampforadults.21.WhichfestivalisheldinLouisiana?A.IntercelticFestival.B.RoskildeMusicFestival.C.NewportFolkFestival.D.NewOrleansJazzFestival.22.WhostartedNewportFolkFestival?A.JoanBaez.B.BobDylan.C.GeorgeWein.D.MahaliaJackson.23.Whatdothelasttwofestivalshaveincommon?A.Theyincludesomesports.B.Theyemphasizeonetypeofmusic.C.Theydonatealltheirprofits.D.Theylastforthesameperiodoftime.BDeepinaforestofFrance’sBurgundyregion,agroupofenthusiastshavebeenbuildingacastlewithtoolsandmethodsfromthelate13thcenturysince1995.Someofthoseworkinghereareveryskilledheritagepeople,andothersarehistorylovers.Butallofthemshareadeeprespectfornatureandadesiretoreturntosimplertimes.Theideatobuildthecastlewasbornin1995amongthreeresidentsoftheregion.Oneofthem,MarylineMartin,ownsanearby17th-centuryhouseandisinvolvedinworktorestoredifferentcastlesinthearea.“Wethoughtthatitwouldbeamazingtoimitate(模仿)howpeopledidthingsinthepast,”MartintellspublicradiostationFranceCulture.“Wedecidedtouseotherancientcastlesinthisareaasexamplesandgetinspirationfromdescriptionsinoldbooks.”Ontheconstructionsite,theworkersarealldressedinancientclothing.Thesmelloffireiscomingfromanearbyblacksmith’sshop,where20-year-oldMatisseLacroixisburningapieceofironinastovetomaketools neededtobuildthecastle.“Thetemperatureinthestoveisaround1100℃,sotheironcanbesoftenedtomakethesenails,”Lacroixexplainstoagroupoffourth-graders,whoarewatchinghimbendingandshapingtheironintonails.“Partoftheproject’smissionistorediscoverandpassalongskillsandknowledgefromthepast,”Martintellsreporters.“Thatlearningaspectoftheprojectisonereasonwhyitsconstructionistakingsolong.”Initially,theprojectwasfundedbyEuropeanUnion.Nowitisfinancedthroughmorethan300,000visitorsayearwhopaybetween12and15euroseach.Theincomeismorethanenoughtocovertheconstructioncostsandpaymentsforthe100staffmembers.Asfortheproject’sfuture,Martinsaysitcouldtake10,15,oreven20moreyearstobuild.“Butwe’reOKwiththat.It’snotaboutfinishingtheproject.It’saboutthethingswelearnanddiscoverwhilebuilding,”hesays.“Ibelievethewaywe’reworkinghereismoresustainable.Thefutureislowtech.”24.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthecastle-builders?A.Famoushistorians.B.Enthusiasticconservationists.C.Housingdevelopers.D.Professionalheritageresearchers.25.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.MarylineMartin’sbackground.B.Theproject’sinfluence.C.Theinspirationsfortheproject.D.Thehistoryofthecastle.26.Whyhasittakensolongtobuildthecastle?A.Theownersdon’thaveenoughmoney.B.Theworkersdon’thaveproperequipment.C.TheFrenchauthoritiesfailtoprovidetimelysupport.D.Theparticipantswanttoexploretheancientbuildingskills.27.WhatisMarylineMartin’sattitudetohigh-tech?A.Skeptical.B.Unclear.C.Approving.D.Objective.CArecentlypublishedpaperfindsthatfollowingaMediterraneandietforthreeweekscanhelpreducedepressionandanxietyamongyoungadults.Inthestudy,participantsinthetestgroupwereinstructedtoeataboutsixmoreservingsoffruitsandvegetablesperweek,comparedwiththecontrolgroup.Inaddition,theyweretoldtogetperweekthreeservingsoffishbesidesthreerecommendedservingsperdayofwholegrains.Asformilk,therecommendationwasthreeservingsperweek,unsweetened.Participantswerealsoaskedtoconsumethreetablespoonsofnutsandseedsperweek,aswellastwo tablespoonsofoliveoilperday.“Oneoftheshortcomingsofnutritionscienceisthatitoftenreliesonaskingpeopletorecallwhattheyateandhowtheyfeltinthepast.Givenourfailingmemories,thesedatacanbeunreliable,”saysHeatherFrancis,oneoftheresearchers.“Butourstudyincludedadevice,calledspectrophotometer,whichcandetectthedegreeofyellownessintheskin,whichcanpreciselymonitortheintakeofcarotenoids(类胡萝卜素),whichtheparticipantsgetfromtheirfood.”“WehavehighlyconsistentandextensiveevidencefromaroundtheglobelinkingMediterraneandietstoreduceddepressionrisk,”saysFeliceJacka,aprofessoratDeakinUniversityinAustraliawhowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.“Ithinkthenextstepistoshowhowdietscanreducedepression.”However,it’salmostimpossibletounravelhowdietchangesmayhelpimprovementalhealthaccordingtothestrictstandardinmedicalresearch,whereparticipantsdonotknowthattheyarepartofthegroupassignedtotakethemedicineortheplacebo(安慰剂).“Inadietstudy,there’snowayto‘blind’theparticipantssothattheydon’tknowifthey’regettingthe‘medicine’or‘placebo’,”saysHeatherFrancis.“Andresearchhasshownthatifpeoplearetoldthatthey’redoingsomethingthatmaymakethemlessdepressed,theywillindeedreportlessdepression.That’sknownastheplaceboeffect.”28.Eachday,theyoungadultsfollowingtheMediterraneandietwereinstructedtoeat________.A.unsweetenedmilkandnutsB.fishandfruitsC.vegetablesandwholegrainsD.oliveoilandseeds29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unravel”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Notice.B.Prove.C.Describe.D.Ask.30.WhatcanwelearnfromHeatherFrancis’swords?A.Itisimpossibletoavoidtheplaceboeffectinhisstudy.B.FeliceJacka’scommentabouthisstudyisverymisleading.C.Histestingmethodisperfectandtheconclusionisveryreliable.D.Theso-calledplaceboeffectisevenunavoidableinmedicalresearch.31.Inwhichsectionofawebsitemaythistextappear?A.Entertainment.B.Lifestyle.C.Science.D.Advertisement.DIntheUS,thereisanoldjoke:“TieanItalian’shandsbehindhisbackandhe’llbespeechless.”However,SusanGoldin-Meadowin,authorofthebookThinkingWithYourHands,hasaratherdifferentview. “Almosteveryonegestures,notjustItalians,”shelaughs.“Conferenceinterpretersgestureintheirlittlerooms,thoughnooneislookingatthem.Evenpeoplebornblindgesturewhentheyspeak,includingtoeachother.IntheTVseries,TheCrown,LadyDianaiswarnedthatherhandsmayrevealherrealemotions,whichcouldbedangerousandthattheyhavetobetiedtogethersoshecanlearntospeakwithoutgesturing.”Thegestureunderdiscussionistheso-called“co-speechgesture”.Itismuchmoreabstractthansuchsymbolicgestureslikeafingeroverthelipsfor“Silence!”orraisingafingertomean“Great!”.Likewords,suchsymbolicgesturesarefixedwithincultures(butvarybetweenthem).Instead,co-speechgesturesthataccompanyspeechareanotherchannelofinformationandemotion.Forexample,subjectsareaskedtowatchafilminwhichacatruns,buttheyaretoldtolieandsayitjumped.Theymaydosoinwords—whiletheirhandswillmakearunningmovement.Theco-speechgestureisnotsignlanguages,either.Theyhaveclearlydefinedwordsandgrammar.Andtheco-speechgestureshavegreatpotentialforpracticalapplications.Forexample,somestudentswhofailatatrickymathematicsproblemmaygestureinawaythatindicatestheyunderstandit.Thentheyshouldbetaughtdifferentlyfromtheoneswhosegesturessuggestthattheyreallyunderstandit.“Childrenwithlanguagedelayscausedbybraininjuriesatoraroundbirtharelikelytocatchupverballybytheageofabout30months,iftheygestureasmuchastheirpeers(同龄人).Thosewhogesturelessaremorelikelytoneedintensiveearlyintervention,”SusanGoldin-Meadowinadds.“Co-speechgesturingisnotjustaboutalackofcontrol.Itisaboutthinkingandcommunication,andisanaidtoboth.”32.WhatdoesSusanGoldin-Meadowinreallywanttotellusinparagraph2?A.LadyDianaisprobablyanemotionalwoman.B.Italiansareverytalkativeandgesturetoomuch.C.Itisunnaturalfortheblindtogesturetoeachother.D.Co-speechgesturesareusedbyallofusunknowingly.33.Whatcanwesayaboutsignlanguages?A.Theyareasabstractasco-speechgestures.B.Theyhaveclearlydefinedwordsandgrammar.C.Theyareusuallylearnedbyhumanbeingsnaturally.D.Theyvaryfromculturetocultureandpersontoperson.34.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestteachersdointhetext?A.Putenoughtrustinstudents.B.Encouragestudentstotellthetruth.C.Observetheco-speechgesturescarefully. D.Teachthetrickyproblemsindifferentways.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Co-speechGesturesAreaVitalPartofCommunicationB.SymbolicGesturesDifferGreatlyFromCo-speechGesturesC.Co-speechGesturesAreMoreDifficultThanSignLanguagesD.SymbolicGesturesHaveGreatPotentialforPracticalApplications第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whatarethemistakesthatdrivecollegeadmissionofficialscrazy—andsometimessendanapplicationtothewastepaperbasket?Wehaveaskedsomeofthemwhatthey’dpreferapplicantsnottodo.Herearesomeofthehighlights.____36____.Inmanycases,studentsaren’tfillingoutallthedataontheapplication,sothey’renotnecessarilyansweringallthequestions.Butthoseblanksmakeforanincompleteapplication,leavingcollegeswithonlyapartialpictureoftheapplicants.Soit’simportanttopaycloseattentiontowhatschoolsareaskingforontheapplication.Don’tletparentstakethelead.Admissionofficialssayparentsshouldbeactivelyinvolvedintheapplicationprocess.____37____.Theyshouldn’tbefillingouttheapplication,writingthestudent’sessayortakingcontrolofcommunicationwithschoolofficials.Theycanhelptheirchildrenkeeptrackofapplicationdeadlinesandlookforscholarships.Don’tturninalengthyresume.Thisruleevenringstrueforprofessionals,whoareadvisedtokeeparesumetotwopagesorless.Regardlessoftheactivitiesastudentgotinvolvedinhighschool,expertsadviseapplicantstokeeptheirresumetoonepage.____38____.Theyliketoseefocusedstudents.Don’ttakeanideafromsomeoneelsetowritetheapplicationessay.Experiencedadmissionofficialswillhavereadthousandsofessaysandcantellimmediately.Theywantstudentstobeoriginal.____39____.Mostofthemfindself-reflectionappealingandithelpstopaintamoreaccuratepictureofwhatthestudent’sindividualjourneyhasbeen.Don’tforgettocheckprogramrequirements.Allstudentsshouldcheckprogramrequirementsandtakethenecessaryhighschoolclassestohelpgetintotheirpreferredprogram.Therequirementsvarybycollegeandtheyareusuallylistedontheirwebsites.____40____.A.Butthatcomeswithlimits B.Don’tforgettoreadthedirectionsC.Don’trepeatinformationthroughouttheapplicationD.Theywantstudentstoself-reflectandhighlighttheirgrowthE.Don’tlisttoomanyactivitiestoimpressadmissionofficialsF.Soitisimportanttogettheinformationoneachcollege’swebsiteG.Studentsshouldconsiderdirectingquestionstoadmissionofficials第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In2013,LindaReddishhadtoflyalonewithhernewbornbabyfromNebraskatoChicago.However,shecouldonly____41____thecheapestticket,whichmeantshecouldn’t____42____herseat.Shewonderedhowshewouldbreastfeedwithoutembarrassingthe____43____nexttoher.Butasshefelt____44____inherseatontheplaneawoman,whohadareallywarmsmile,satdownand____45____herself.ReddishthenlearnedthathernamewasKarenClemsonandthatshehadbeenanurseallherlife.“Oh,honey,don’tworryaboutit,KarenlookedatReddish____46____andsaid,”Iamveryhappytohaveabeautifulmotherandbabysittingnexttome.Reddishfelt____47____byhavingClemsonnexttoherduringthejourney.Atonepoint,whenitwastimeforReddishtobreastfeed,Clemsonofferedto____48____thebaby’sblanket,togivehersome____49____.“Ijustkeptthankingher,”Reddishsaid.“Butshesaidit’sOK.”AfterClemsonsaidhergoodbyes,Reddishthoughtshe’dnever_____50_____heragain.Butonher_____51_____flighthome,therewasClemson,inthegatewaitingarea.Onceagain,Clemson_____52_____tositnexttoReddish.Duringtheflight,sheevenhelpedReddishholdthebaby,soshecouldhavea_____53_____.Reddishsaysshestill_____54_____Clemsonwheneversheflies.“Becauseofher,everytimeIgetonanairplane.Iam_____55_____tositnexttoafamilywithchildrenifIhaveachancetopickmyseat.”41.A.sellB.affordC.seeD.exchange42.A.findB.takeC.chooseD.make43.A.passengerB.pilotC.womanD.patient44.A.sickB.tiredC.annoyedD.uneasy45.A.forgaveB.enjoyedC.introducedD.reminded46.A.gentlyB.helplesslyC.insincerelyD.sadly 47.A.frightenedB.embarrassedC.comfortedD.amused48.A.holdupB.throwawayC.lookforD.giveup49.A.benefitB.privacyC.adviceD.reward50.A.writeB.missC.meetD.want51.A.economyB.returnC.nightD.honeymoon52.A.refusedB.expectedC.aimedD.offered53.A.drinkB.restC.talkD.toy54.A.focusesonB.preferstoC.thinksofD.relieson55.A.angryB.unwillingC.upsetD.ready第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Duringhislifetime(from551to479BC),Confuciussaw____56____(grow)disorderandinjusticeinthesociety.Duetotheproblemshesaw,hedevoted____57____(he)todevelopinganewsetofmoralrules____58____(base)onfivevirtues:respect,kindness,honesty,truthfulnessandloyalty(忠诚).ThesevirtueslaterbecamethebasisforreligiousandmorallifethroughoutChina.Respectandloyaltyweretwo____59____(particular)importantcornerstonesinConfucius’moral____60____(principle).Theyhavebeenextendedtothelivingaswellasthedead,andpayingrespecttoancestorshasbecome____61____extremelyimportantChinesetradition.Confuciusalsobelievedthatagoodgovernmentwasthebasisfora____62____(peace)andhappysociety.Andthebasisforagoodgovernmentwasgoodofficials.Inordertobecomeagoodofficial,apersonwasrequired____63____(master)theabovefivevirtues.AlthoughConfuciuswasamemberoftheupperclass,hebelievededucationandknowledgebelonged____64____anyonewhohadthedesiretolearn.Soheopenedaschoolinhisbighouse,in_____65_____manyofhispoorstudentslivedwithhim.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)66.假定你是李华，你校英文报正在为2024年8月15日第二个“全国生态日(NationalEcologyDay)”征集环保口号(slogan)。请你给口号征集负责人Alan写一封邮件，内容包括：1.你提出的口号;2.口号的含义及优点。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearAlan,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Iwillconsideritagreathonorifmysloganisselected.Bestregards!Yourssincerely,LiHua第二节(满分25分)67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Mikewasabigfanoffootball.Whenhewastenyearsold,hewasadmittedtojoinhisfirstfootballteam.Assoonashegothomethatday,heputonhisuniformandadmiredhimselfinfrontofthemirror.“I’marealfootballplayer!”Hesaidtohimselfandpretendedtopractisefootball.“Whatareyoudoingsillyboy?”askedhisoldersister.“I’mpractisingfootball,”saidMike.“Whenpeoplepractisefootball,theyusuallyuseaball,”hissisterlaughed.Mikethenfoundafootballinthebasementandhurriedbacktohisroom,posingwiththeballinfrontofthemirror,again.Thenextday,Mikemethisteammatesontheplayground.Thecoachtaughtthemhowtokickandrunaftertheball.Hetaughtthemhowtothrowtheballinfromthesidelines,usingtwohandswhilekeepingbothfeetontheground.Finally,theyhadapracticegame.Itturnedoutthatplayingfootballwasalotharderthanitlooked.EverytimeMikewasabouttokicktheball,someoneelsekickeditawayfromhim.WhenMikethrewtheballinfromthesideline,heforgottokeepbothfeetontheground.TheonlythingthatMikewasgoodatwascheering.Whoeverscored,hewouldjumpupandcheerforthem.Ontheweekend,Mike’steamwasinvitedtotakepartinitsfirstrealcompetitionwiththeSun.Mike’sfamilyallcametowatch.Mikechasedtheballupanddown,withexcitement.Itcameasnosurprisethattheirteamlost thematch.Evenso,hekeptcheeringforanyonewhoscored.Afterthegame,hissistercameoverandremindedMikethatheneededtobearealfootballplayer,notjustacheerleader.Meanwhile,hiscoachtoldMikethatifhetriedtodomorepracticeandcooperatewithhisteammates,hecouldbeabetterfootballplayer,too.注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。MotivatedbytheirwordsMikestartedtotakethetrainingmoreseriously.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Finally,thedayforthematchbetweenhisteamandtheSuncame.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语注意事项：1.本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whichplaceisthewomanleavingfor?A.Ashop.B.Jack’shome.C.Heroffice.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Areyougoingout,Melisa?W:Yes.IboughtthesepantsforJack,buttheyareabitlongforhim.IneedtofindMr.Browntomakeachangetothem.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Cloudy.【答案】C【解析】【原文】3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthemansound? A.Embarrassed.B.Grateful.C.Nervous.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Howisyourchemistrycourse?M:Iwasverypooratitbefore.Butluckily,Imetagoodteacherwhoalwaysencouragedmetousedifferentwaystodealwiththesameproblem.Nowmychemistryhasimprovedalot.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howwillthespeakersprobablytravel?A.Bycar.B.Byplane.C.Bytrain.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Honey,wouldyouratherwewentbyplaneorbycar?It’safive-hourdrive,though.M:Butlookattheseprices.Foraforty-five-minuteflight?W:Theotheroptionistotakethetrain,whichwouldmeanthreehours,plusashorttaxiridetothehotel—it’sroughlythesameprice.M:Noway.Idon’tmindgettingthereabitlater.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Trafficaccidents.B.Sci-fimovies.C.Flyingambulances.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Steve,I’veheardthatyou’reworkingonaflyingambulance.Ionlysawthatinsci-fimovies.M:Yes.Theambulancessometimesgetstuckinthetrafficjams.Flyingambulanceswon’thavethatproblem.They’llbeabletoflystraighttotheaccidentandtakecareofpeoplewhoarehurt.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.WhenwillMary’srentbedue? A.OnFebruary19.B.OnFebruary20.C.OnFebruary21.7.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodoaboutthirtyminuteslater?A.Calltheman’scousin.B.Attendameeting.C.Searchforanapartment.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】M:Mary,Iheardyouarelookingforanewapartment.Whatkindofapartmentdoyouneed?W:Iwanttolivealone.SoonebedroomisOK.M:Mycousinhassuchanapartmentforrenting.Butthegirllivinginitnowwon’tmoveoutuntilFebruary20.Canyouwaituntilthen?W:Noproblem.Mypresentrentwillbeduethefollowingday.Sothatisfineforme.Thanks,Adam.M:You’requitewelcome.Nowlet’sgetdowntowork.Wewillhaveastaffmeetinginhalfanhour.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Traveltogether.B.Lookforajob.C.Receivefurthereducation.9.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Co-workers.C.Formerschoolmates.【答案】8.A9.C【解析】【原文】W:Ohmy!Ihaven’tseenyouforages.Whatareyoudoinghere?M:Well.Iwasactuallyjustdrivingthrough.Irememberedthatyouliveherenow.SoIdecidedtostopbytosurpriseyou.W:Whatalovelysurprise!Pleasecomein.Howhaveyoubeenrecently?M:I’mactuallybackinschool.I’mstudyingformyMaster’sdegree.W:Incredible.IfinishedschoolafewyearsagoandsincethenI’vebeenbusywithwork.ButI’mthinkingabouttakingsometimeoffthissummer.Maybewecoulddosometravelingtogether.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whendidtheearthquakehappen?AOnWednesdaynight.B.OnThursdaymorning.C.OnThursdayafternoon. 11.Whatdamagedidtheearthquakecause?A.Fortypeoplelosttheirlives.B.Atleast110peoplewereinjured.C.Arailwaywasnearlydestroyed.12.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Helpthevictims.B.Tellsomesurvivalskills.C.Checkthehighways.【答案】10.A11.B12.B【解析】【原文】M:Anna,therewasastrongearthquakeinJapan.W:Whendidittakeplace?M:IthappenednearthenortheastcoastofJapanonWednesdaynight.Therewasatsunamiwarning,butitwasliftedthenextmorning.Nolargewavesappeared.W:Ihopeithasn’tcausedanydeaths.M:Unfortunately,thequakekilledfourpeopleandleftatleast140peopleinjured.Also,atraincarryingabout100peoplewentofftherailsbecauseofthequake.Andtwomajorhighwaysarebeingcarefullyinspectedbeforetheycanre-open.W:That’sverybad.SoIthinkit’snecessarytoknowhowtosurviveanearthquake.Doyouknowhowtodothat?M:Oh,I’vereadanarticleaboutit.Areyouinterested?W:Yes.I’mallears.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whichassignmenthasthemanfinished?A.TheoneonFutureEducation.B.TheoneonEducationPsychology.C.TheoneonClassroomApproaches.14.Whatisthesecondpartoftheman’sfinishedpaperabout?A.Testingsystems.B.Teachertraining.C.Rewardsandpunishments.15.Howdoesthemansupporthisconclusion?A.Bymakingcomparisons.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bydoingsurveys.16.Whatistheman’sattitudetoonlinelearningathomeforchildren?A.Disapproving.B.Uncertain.C.Supportive. 【答案】13.A14.C15.A16.B【解析】【原文】W:Justin,haveyoufinishedthefirstessayonEducationPsychology?M:No.AndIhaven’tlookedatthesecondoneonClassroomApproaches.ButIhavefinishedtheassignmentbyProfessorEvans.TheoneonFutureEducation.W:Wouldyouliketoshareyourideas?M:Ofcourse.Myessayhastwoparts.Thefirstpartlooksatthehistoryofeducation.Itincludesclasssizesandhowtestinghaschangedovertheyears.Butitlackspointsaboutteachertraining.W:Whataboutyournextpart?M:Itshowsthatnowadaystheemphasisisonrewardratherthanpunishment.W:Sodoyouuseanexampleoragraphtoconfirmit?M:Neither.Ijustcomparemodernapproacheswithtraditionalapproachesintheclassroom.W:Soundsgood!Howaboutclosingtheschoolsandlearningonlineathome?M:It’shardtodecide.Ontheonehand,kidscandothesameprojectthroughtheInternet.Ontheotherhand,schoolsaren’tjustforlearning,andthey’reequallyimportantforbuildingsocialskills.So,I’mnotverysureaboutthat.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WhathasBartydecidedtodoatage25?A.Retirefromtennis.B.Gotocollege.C.Enteranewcontest.18.WhoisCaseyDellacqua?A.Barty’smainopponent.B.Barty’spersonaltrainer.C.Barty’sformerpartner.19.HowoldwasBartywhenshebecameaprofessionaltennisplayer?A.12.B.14.C.16.20.WhichmatchdidBartywinin2022?A.BritishOpen.B.FrenchOpen.C.AustralianOpen.【答案】17.A18.C19.B20.C【解析】【原文】W:AshleighBarty,theworld’sNo.Iwomen’stennisplayer,shockedthesportsworldonWednesdaybyannouncingthatshewasretiringfromtennis.Barty,whowasjust25,saysthatit’stimeforhertochaseotherdreams.Bartymadetheannouncementinavideo.Inthevideo,BartydiscussedherthoughtsaboutretiringwithhergoodfriendCaseyDellacqua.Dellacqua,whois alsoaretiredtennisplayer,usedtobeBarty’sdoublespartner.Bartymadeitclearthatplayingprofessionaltennisatanextremelyhighlevelisverydemandingandstressful.Shesaidsheknewhowmuchworkittooktobringthebestoutofherself.Sheaddedshedidn’thavethatinheranymore.Eventhoughshewasonly25,Bartyhasbeenplayingtennisforalongtime.Shestartedwhenshewasfourandturnedprofessionaltenyearslater.Forovertwoyears,Bartyhasbeenrankedtheworld’sNo.1women’stennisplayer.Shehaswon15importantwomen’ssinglestournamentsinhercareer.In2019,BartywontheFrenchOpen.In2021,shewonWimbledon.AndinJanuary2022,shewontheAustralianOpen.Bartysaidsheknowssomepeoplewon’tunderstandherdecision,butshe’sokaywiththat第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThelistofmusicfestivalsseemstodoubleeachyear,sowethinkwe’dsaveyousometimebypresentingourpicksthatreflectadeepsenseofplace.NewOrleansJazzFestivalThisweek-longfestivalwasestablishedinNewOrleans,Americain1970tocelebratethecity’sstatusasthebirthplaceofjazz.HeadlinersthatattendedthefirstcelebrationincludedsingerMahaliaJacksonandpianistDukeEllington.Overtheyears,thisfestivalhasgrowntoshowcasemuchmorethanjazz.Attendeeshavelongenjoyedthelatesthit-makersalongsideboothsandexhibitsfeaturingLouisiana’snativecuisine,arts,andcrafts.NewportFolkFestivalFoundedbyGeorgeWeinin1959andbestknownforintroducingtheworldtothelikesofJoanBaezandBobDylan,NewportFolkFestivalisoneoftheoldestmusicfestivalsinAmerica.LikeNewOrleansJazzFestival,thisRhodeIslandeventgivesafalseimpressionaboutthetypesofmusiconecanexpecttofind,althoughithasbeenremainingtruetoitsroots.IntercelticFestivalWhenmostpeopleheartheword“Celtic”,theythinkofIreland.ButthisfestivaltakesplaceeachsummerintheheartoftheseaporttownofLorientinnorthwesternFrance.Whileemphasizingmusicanddance,theten-dayfestivalalsoprovidesaplatformforcolorfulexpressionsofCelticart,foodanddrink,theater,literature,andsports.RoskildeMusicFestivalEngland’sGlastonbury,Hungary’sSziget,andDenmark’sRoskildeareEurope’sthreebiggestmusicfestivals.Roskildestandsoutnotonlyforitsimpressiveandeclecticmusic,butforitsnonprofitapproach.Allconcertincomes aredonatedtosupportcharities,musicandculturalprogramssinceitsfoundingin1971.Withlakeswimming,anon-siteskatepark,andanannual“nakedrun”,theeventhasearnedanameforbeingaweek-longsummercampforadults.21.WhichfestivalisheldinLouisiana?AIntercelticFestival.B.RoskildeMusicFestival.C.NewportFolkFestival.D.NewOrleansJazzFestival.22.WhostartedNewportFolkFestival?A.JoanBaez.B.BobDylan.C.GeorgeWein.D.MahaliaJackson.23.Whatdothelasttwofestivalshaveincommon?A.Theyincludesomesports.B.Theyemphasizeonetypeofmusic.C.Theydonatealltheirprofits.D.Theylastforthesameperiodoftime.【答案】21.D22.C23.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个著名的音乐节。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据NewOrleansJazzFestival中“Attendeeshavelongenjoyedthelatesthit-makersalongsideboothsandexhibitsfeaturingLouisiana’snativecuisine,arts,andcrafts.(长期以来，参与者一直在以路易斯安那州本土美食、艺术和工艺品为特色的摊位和展览旁欣赏最新的热门歌手)”可知，新奥尔良爵士音乐节中的摊位和展览以路易斯安那州的本土东西为特色。由此可知，该音乐节在路易斯安那州举办。故选D项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据NewportFolkFestival中“FoundedbyGeorgeWeinin1959andbestknownforintroducingtheworldtothelikesofJoanBaezandBobDylan,NewportFolkFestivalisoneoftheoldestmusicfestivalsinAmerica.(纽波特民谣音乐节是美国最古老的音乐节之一，由乔治·韦恩于1959年创立，以向世界介绍琼·贝兹和鲍勃·迪伦等人而闻名)”可知，纽波特民谣音乐节的创办者是乔治·韦恩。故选C项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据IntercelticFestival中“Whileemphasizingmusicanddance,theten-dayfestivalalsoprovidesaplatformforcolorfulexpressionsofCelticart,foodanddrink,theater,literature,andsports.(在强调音乐和舞蹈的同时，为期十天的节日也为凯尔特艺术、食物和饮料、戏剧、文学和体育提供了丰富多彩的表达平台)”和RoskildeMusicFestival中“Withlakeswimming,anon-siteskatepark,andanannual“nakedrun”,theeventhasearnedanameforbeingaweek-longsummercampforadults.( 湖中游泳、现场滑板公园和一年一度的“裸跑”活动，使该活动赢得了为期一周的成年人夏令营的美誉)”可知，这两个音乐节都包含了体育方面的活动。故选A项。BDeepinaforestofFrance’sBurgundyregion,agroupofenthusiastshavebeenbuildingacastlewithtoolsandmethodsfromthelate13thcenturysince1995.Someofthoseworkinghereareveryskilledheritagepeople,andothersarehistorylovers.Butallofthemshareadeeprespectfornatureandadesiretoreturntosimplertimes.Theideatobuildthecastlewasbornin1995amongthreeresidentsoftheregion.Oneofthem,MarylineMartin,ownsanearby17th-centuryhouseandisinvolvedinworktorestoredifferentcastlesinthearea.“Wethoughtthatitwouldbeamazingtoimitate(模仿)howpeopledidthingsinthepast,”MartintellspublicradiostationFranceCulture.“Wedecidedtouseotherancientcastlesinthisareaasexamplesandgetinspirationfromdescriptionsinoldbooks.”Ontheconstructionsite,theworkersarealldressedinancientclothing.Thesmelloffireiscomingfromanearbyblacksmith’sshop,where20-year-oldMatisseLacroixisburningapieceofironinastovetomaketoolsneededtobuildthecastle.“Thetemperatureinthestoveisaround1100℃,sotheironcanbesoftenedtomakethesenails,”Lacroixexplainstoagroupoffourth-graders,whoarewatchinghimbendingandshapingtheironintonails.“Partoftheproject’smissionistorediscoverandpassalongskillsandknowledgefromthepast,”Martintellsreporters.“Thatlearningaspectoftheprojectisonereasonwhyitsconstructionistakingsolong.”Initially,theprojectwasfundedbyEuropeanUnion.Nowitisfinancedthroughmorethan300,000visitorsayearwhopaybetween12and15euroseach.Theincomeismorethanenoughtocovertheconstructioncostsandpaymentsforthe100staffmembers.Asfortheproject’sfuture,Martinsaysitcouldtake10,15,oreven20moreyearstobuild.“Butwe’reOKwiththat.It’snotaboutfinishingtheproject.It’saboutthethingswelearnanddiscoverwhilebuilding,”hesays.“Ibelievethewaywe’reworkinghereismoresustainable.Thefutureislowtech.”24.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthecastle-builders?A.Famoushistorians.B.Enthusiasticconservationists.C.Housingdevelopers.D.Professionalheritageresearchers.25.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.MarylineMartin’sbackground.B.Theproject’sinfluence.C.Theinspirationsfortheproject.D.Thehistoryofthecastle.26.Whyhasittakensolongtobuildthecastle? A.Theownersdon’thaveenoughmoney.B.Theworkersdon’thaveproperequipment.C.TheFrenchauthoritiesfailtoprovidetimelysupport.D.Theparticipantswanttoexploretheancientbuildingskills.27.WhatisMarylineMartin’sattitudetohigh-tech?A.Skeptical.B.Unclear.C.Approving.D.Objective.【答案】24.B25.C26.D27.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。在法国的Burgundy地区有一群自然保护主义者正在发掘及利用十三世纪的工艺修建一座城堡。他们希望以此鼓励人们回归自然。【24题详解】推理判断题，根据第一段“DeepinaforestofFrance’sBurgundyregion,agroupofenthusiastshavebeenbuildingacastlewithtoolsandmethodsfromthelate13thcenturysince1995.Someofthoseworkinghereareveryskilledheritagepeople,andothersarehistorylovers.Butallofthemshareadeeprespectfornatureandadesiretoreturntosimplertimes.(自1995年以来，在法国勃艮第地区的森林深处，一群爱好者一直在用13世纪晚期的工具和方法建造一座城堡。在这里工作的一些人是非常熟练的文物工作者，还有一些人是历史爱好者。但他们都对自然怀有深深的敬意，并渴望回到更简单的时代)”可推断，这些人是非常执着的自然保护主义者。故选B项。【25题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段““Wethoughtthatitwouldbeamazingtoimitate(模仿)howpeopledidthingsinthepast,”MartintellspublicradiostationFranceCulture.“Wedecidedtouseotherancientcastlesinthisareaasexamplesandgetinspirationfromdescriptionsinoldbooks.”(马丁在接受法国文化公共广播电台采访时说：“我们认为模仿过去人们的做事方式会很神奇。”“我们决定以该地区的其他古堡为例，从古书中的描述中获得灵感。”)”可知，本段主要讲述了这个项目的灵感来源。故选C项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段““Partoftheproject’smissionistorediscoverandpassalongskillsandknowledgefromthepast,”Martintellsreporters.“Thatlearningaspectoftheprojectisonereasonwhyitsconstructionistakingsolong.”(马丁告诉记者：“这个项目的部分使命是重新发现和传承过去的技能和知识。”“这个项目的学习方面是它的建设需要这么长时间的原因之一。”)”及最后一段“Asfortheproject’sfuture,Martinsaysitcouldtake10,15,oreven20moreyearstobuild.“Butwe’reOKwiththat.It’snotaboutfinishingtheproject.It’saboutthethingswelearnanddiscoverwhilebuilding,”hesays.“Ibelievethewaywe’reworkinghere ismoresustainable.Thefutureislowtech.”(至于这个项目的未来，马丁说，它可能需要10年、15年甚至20年才能建成。“但我们对此很满意。这不是完成项目的问题。它是关于我们在建设过程中学习和发现的东西，”他说。“我相信我们这里的工作方式更具可持续性。未来是低科技的。”)”可知，建造这座城堡花了这么长时间，是因为参与者想要探索古代建筑技巧。故选D项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Asfortheproject’sfuture,Martinsaysitcouldtake10,15,oreven20moreyearstobuild.“Butwe’reOKwiththat.It’snotaboutfinishingtheproject.It’saboutthethingswelearnanddiscoverwhilebuilding,”hesays.“Ibelievethewaywe’reworkinghereismoresustainable.Thefutureislowtech.”(至于这个项目的未来，马丁说，它可能需要10年、15年甚至20年才能建成。“但我们对此很满意。这不是完成项目的问题。它是关于我们在建设过程中学习和发现的东西，”他说。“我相信我们这里的工作方式更具可持续性。未来是低科技的。”)”可推断，MarylineMartin对高科技持怀疑态度。故选A项。CArecentlypublishedpaperfindsthatfollowingaMediterraneandietforthreeweekscanhelpreducedepressionandanxietyamongyoungadults.Inthestudy,participantsinthetestgroupwereinstructedtoeataboutsixmoreservingsoffruitsandvegetablesperweek,comparedwiththecontrolgroup.Inaddition,theyweretoldtogetperweekthreeservingsoffishbesidesthreerecommendedservingsperdayofwholegrains.Asformilk,therecommendationwasthreeservingsperweek,unsweetened.Participantswerealsoaskedtoconsumethreetablespoonsofnutsandseedsperweek,aswellastwotablespoonsofoliveoilperday.“Oneoftheshortcomingsofnutritionscienceisthatitoftenreliesonaskingpeopletorecallwhattheyateandhowtheyfeltinthepast.Givenourfailingmemories,thesedatacanbeunreliable,”saysHeatherFrancis,oneoftheresearchers.“Butourstudyincludedadevice,calledspectrophotometer,whichcandetectthedegreeofyellownessintheskin,whichcanpreciselymonitortheintakeofcarotenoids(类胡萝卜素),whichtheparticipantsgetfromtheirfood.”“WehavehighlyconsistentandextensiveevidencefromaroundtheglobelinkingMediterraneandietstoreduceddepressionrisk,”saysFeliceJacka,aprofessoratDeakinUniversityinAustraliawhowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.“Ithinkthenextstepistoshowhowdietscanreducedepression.”However,it’salmostimpossibletounravelhowdietchangesmayhelpimprovementalhealthaccordingtothestrictstandardinmedicalresearch,whereparticipantsdonotknowthattheyarepartofthegroupassignedtotakethemedicineortheplacebo(安慰剂).“Inadietstudy,there’snowayto‘blind’theparticipantssothattheydon’tknowifthey’regettingthe‘medicine’ or‘placebo’,”saysHeatherFrancis.“Andresearchhasshownthatifpeoplearetoldthatthey’redoingsomethingthatmaymakethemlessdepressed,theywillindeedreportlessdepression.That’sknownastheplaceboeffect.”28.Eachday,theyoungadultsfollowingtheMediterraneandietwereinstructedtoeat________.A.unsweetenedmilkandnutsB.fishandfruitsC.vegetablesandwholegrainsD.oliveoilandseeds29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unravel”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Notice.B.Prove.C.Describe.D.Ask.30.WhatcanwelearnfromHeatherFrancis’swords?A.Itisimpossibletoavoidtheplaceboeffectinhisstudy.B.FeliceJacka’scommentabouthisstudyisverymisleading.C.Histestingmethodisperfectandtheconclusionisveryreliable.D.Theso-calledplaceboeffectisevenunavoidableinmedicalresearch.31.Inwhichsectionofawebsitemaythistextappear?A.Entertainment.B.Lifestyle.C.Science.D.Advertisement.【答案】28.C29.B30.A31.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。最新研究表明地中海式饮食能帮助青少年缓解忧郁及焦虑。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Inthestudy,participantsinthetestgroupwereinstructedtoeataboutsixmoreservingsoffruitsandvegetablesperweek,comparedwiththecontrolgroup.Inaddition,theyweretoldtogetperweekthreeservingsoffishbesidesthreerecommendedservingsperdayofwholegrains.(在这项研究中，与对照组相比，实验组的参与者被要求每周多吃六份水果和蔬菜。此外，他们被告知除了每天推荐的三份全谷物外，每周还要吃三份鱼)”可知，实验组每天都会吃蔬菜及未精加工的粮食。故选C项。【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段“Ithinkthenextstepistoshowhowdietscanreducedepression.(我认为下一步是证明饮食是如何减少抑郁症的)”以及后文“whereparticipantsdonotknowthattheyarepartofthegroupassignedtotakethemedicineortheplacebo(安慰剂).(因为参与者不知道他们是被分配服用药物或安慰剂的一组)”推知，划线处应是“几乎不可能揭示饮食改变如何有助于改善心理健康”之意，推知unravel与show为同义词。故选B项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Inadietstudy,there’snowayto‘blind’theparticipantssothattheydon’tknowif they’regettingthe‘medicine’or‘placebo’(在饮食研究中，没有办法让参与者‘盲目’，这样他们就不知道自己吃的是‘药物’还是‘安慰剂’)”可推断，这种食物实验无法按药品那样的严格要求进行“双盲”实验。故选A项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“ArecentlypublishedpaperfindsthatfollowingaMediterraneandietforthreeweekscanhelpreducedepressionandanxietyamongyoungadults.(最近发表的一篇论文发现，遵循地中海饮食三周可以帮助减少年轻人的抑郁和焦虑)”以及通读全文可知，本文主要是介绍一项最新研究成果，并不是推荐特种饮食，故最可能出现在“科学”版面。故选C项。DIntheUS,thereisanoldjoke:“TieanItalian’shandsbehindhisbackandhe’llbespeechless.”However,SusanGoldin-Meadowin,authorofthebookThinkingWithYourHands,hasaratherdifferentview.“Almosteveryonegestures,notjustItalians,”shelaughs.“Conferenceinterpretersgestureintheirlittlerooms,thoughnooneislookingatthem.Evenpeoplebornblindgesturewhentheyspeak,includingtoeachother.IntheTVseries,TheCrown,LadyDianaiswarnedthatherhandsmayrevealherrealemotions,whichcouldbedangerousandthattheyhavetobetiedtogethersoshecanlearntospeakwithoutgesturing.”Thegestureunderdiscussionistheso-called“co-speechgesture”.Itismuchmoreabstractthansuchsymbolicgestureslikeafingeroverthelipsfor“Silence!”orraisingafingertomean“Great!”.Likewords,suchsymbolicgesturesarefixedwithincultures(butvarybetweenthem).Instead,co-speechgesturesthataccompanyspeechareanotherchannelofinformationandemotion.Forexample,subjectsareaskedtowatchafilminwhichacatruns,buttheyaretoldtolieandsayitjumped.Theymaydosoinwords—whiletheirhandswillmakearunningmovement.Theco-speechgestureisnotsignlanguages,either.Theyhaveclearlydefinedwordsandgrammar.Andtheco-speechgestureshavegreatpotentialforpracticalapplications.Forexample,somestudentswhofailatatrickymathematicsproblemmaygestureinawaythatindicatestheyunderstandit.Thentheyshouldbetaughtdifferentlyfromtheoneswhosegesturessuggestthattheyreallyunderstandit.“Childrenwithlanguagedelayscausedbybraininjuriesatoraroundbirtharelikelytocatchupverballybytheageofabout30months,iftheygestureasmuchastheirpeers(同龄人).Thosewhogesturelessaremorelikelytoneedintensiveearlyintervention,”SusanGoldin-Meadowinadds.“Co-speechgesturingisnotjustaboutalackofcontrol.Itisaboutthinkingandcommunication,andisanaidtoboth.”32.WhatdoesSusanGoldin-Meadowinreallywanttotellusinparagraph2?A.LadyDianaisprobablyanemotionalwoman.B.Italiansareverytalkativeandgesturetoomuch. C.Itisunnaturalfortheblindtogesturetoeachother.D.Co-speechgesturesareusedbyallofusunknowingly.33.Whatcanwesayaboutsignlanguages?A.Theyareasabstractasco-speechgestures.B.Theyhaveclearlydefinedwordsandgrammar.C.Theyareusuallylearnedbyhumanbeingsnaturally.D.Theyvaryfromculturetocultureandpersontoperson.34.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestteachersdointhetext?A.Putenoughtrustinstudents.B.Encouragestudentstotellthetruth.C.Observetheco-speechgesturescarefully.D.Teachthetrickyproblemsindifferentways.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Co-speechGesturesAreaVitalPartofCommunicationB.SymbolicGesturesDifferGreatlyFromCo-speechGesturesC.Co-speechGesturesAreMoreDifficultThanSignLanguagesD.SymbolicGesturesHaveGreatPotentialforPracticalApplications【答案】32.D33.B34.C35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一种身体语言co-speechgesture及其用途。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Conferenceinterpretersgestureintheirlittlerooms,thoughnooneislookingatthem.Evenpeoplebornblindgesturewhentheyspeak,includingtoeachother.IntheTVseries,TheCrown,LadyDianaiswarnedthatherhandsmayrevealherrealemotions,whichcouldbedangerousandthattheyhavetobetiedtogethersoshecanlearntospeakwithoutgesturing.(会议口译员在他们的小房间里做手势，尽管没有人看着他们。即使是天生失明的人在说话时也会做出手势，包括对彼此说话。在电视剧《王冠》中，戴安娜王妃被警告说，她的手可能会暴露出她的真实情绪，这可能很危险，而且必须把手绑在一起，这样她才能学会说话而不做手势。)”这几个例子可推断，SusanGoldin-Meadowin认为这种co-speechgesture是下意识的，而且所有人都会用。故选D项。【33题详解】细节理解题，根据第三段“Theco-speechgestureisnotsignlanguages,either.Theyhaveclearlydefinedwords andgrammar.(co-speechgesture也不是手语。手语有明确的单词和语法。)”可知，手语有明确的单词和语法。故选B项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Forexample,somestudentswhofailatatrickymathematicsproblemmaygestureinawaythatindicatestheyunderstandit.Thentheyshouldbetaughtdifferentlyfromtheoneswhosegesturessuggestthattheyreallyunderstandit.(例如，有些学生在一道棘手的数学题上失败了，他们的手势可能表明他们理解了这道题。然后，他们应该接受与那些手势表明他们真正理解这道题的学生不同的教育。)”可推断，作者会建议教师做细致观察学生手势，来确定学生是否真正理解，避免被误导。故选C项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“Co-speechgesturingisnotjustaboutalackofcontrol.Itisaboutthinkingandcommunication,andisanaidtoboth.(Co-speechgesturing不仅仅是关于缺乏控制。它是关于思考和交流的，对两者都有帮助。)”可知，本文主要是说明co-speechgesture在交流中的重要作用。所以A项Co-speechGesturesAreaVitalPartofCommunication(Co-speechGestures是交流的重要组成部分)符合语境。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whatarethemistakesthatdrivecollegeadmissionofficialscrazy—andsometimessendanapplicationtothewastepaperbasket?Wehaveaskedsomeofthemwhatthey’dpreferapplicantsnottodo.Herearesomeofthehighlights.____36____.Inmanycases,studentsaren’tfillingoutallthedataontheapplication,sothey’renotnecessarilyansweringallthequestions.Butthoseblanksmakeforanincompleteapplication,leavingcollegeswithonlyapartialpictureoftheapplicants.Soit’simportanttopaycloseattentiontowhatschoolsareaskingforontheapplication.Don’tletparentstakethelead.Admissionofficialssayparentsshouldbeactivelyinvolvedintheapplicationprocess.____37____.Theyshouldn’tbefillingouttheapplication,writingthestudent’sessayortakingcontrolofcommunicationwithschoolofficials.Theycanhelptheirchildrenkeeptrackofapplicationdeadlinesandlookforscholarships.Don’tturninalengthyresume.Thisruleevenringstrueforprofessionals,whoareadvisedtokeeparesumetotwopagesorless.Regardlessoftheactivitiesastudentgotinvolvedinhighschool,expertsadviseapplicantstokeeptheirresumetoonepage.____38____.Theyliketoseefocusedstudents. Don’ttakeanideafromsomeoneelsetowritetheapplicationessay.Experiencedadmissionofficialswillhavereadthousandsofessaysandcantellimmediately.Theywantstudentstobeoriginal.____39____.Mostofthemfindself-reflectionappealingandithelpstopaintamoreaccuratepictureofwhatthestudent’sindividualjourneyhasbeen.Don’tforgettocheckprogramrequirements.Allstudentsshouldcheckprogramrequirementsandtakethenecessaryhighschoolclassestohelpgetintotheirpreferredprogram.Therequirementsvarybycollegeandtheyareusuallylistedontheirwebsites.____40____.A.ButthatcomeswithlimitsB.Don’tforgettoreadthedirectionsC.Don’trepeatinformationthroughouttheapplicationD.Theywantstudentstoself-reflectandhighlighttheirgrowthE.Don’tlisttoomanyactivitiestoimpressadmissionofficialsF.Soitisimportanttogettheinformationoneachcollege’swebsiteG.Studentsshouldconsiderdirectingquestionstoadmissionofficials【答案】36.B37.A38.E39.D40.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了申请大学时应该注意的问题。【36题详解】下文“Soit’simportanttopaycloseattentiontowhatschoolsareaskingforontheapplication.(因此，密切关注学校在申请中提出的要求是很重要的)”说明要认真阅读申请说明，而B项“别忘了阅读说明”符合句意，是对本段内容的概括，也是本段的主题句。故选B项。【37题详解】下文“Theyshouldn’tbefillingouttheapplication,writingthestudent’sessayortakingcontrolofcommunicationwithschoolofficials.(他们不应该填写申请，写学生论文或控制与学校官员的沟通)”可知，家长不能完全参与申请过程，A项“但是，这是有限度的”起到了过渡作用，指出家长在申请过程中的操作是有限度的。故选A项。【38题详解】上文“Regardlessoftheactivitiesastudentgotinvolvedinhighschool,expertsadviseapplicantstokeeptheirresumetoonepage.(不管学生在高中参加过什么活动，专家建议申请人将简历控制在一页纸以内)”可知，申请人需要将简历控制在一页纸以内，E项“不要列过多的活动试图去加深招录人员的印象”和上文构成内容上的承接。故选E项。 【39题详解】下文“Mostofthemfindself-reflectionappealingandithelpstopaintamoreaccuratepictureofwhatthestudent’sindividualjourneyhasbeen.(他们中的大多数人都觉得自我反省很有吸引力，这有助于更准确地描绘出学生的个人经历)”可知，D项“他们希望学生们自我反省，突出自己的成长”和下文构成内容上的因果关系，指出他们希望学生们自我反省，突出自己的成长是因为他们中的大多数人都觉得自我反省很有吸引力，这有助于更准确地描绘出学生的个人经历。故选D项。【40题详解】上文“Therequirementsvarybycollegeandtheyareusuallylistedontheirwebsites.(各个大学的要求各不相同，通常会在他们的网站上列出)”可知，F项“所以在每所大学的网站上获取信息是很重要的”和上文构成因果关系。指出因为各个大学的要求各不相同，通常会在他们的网站上列出，所以在每所大学的网站上获取信息很重要。故选F项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In2013,LindaReddishhadtoflyalonewithhernewbornbabyfromNebraskatoChicago.However,shecouldonly____41____thecheapestticket,whichmeantshecouldn’t____42____herseat.Shewonderedhowshewouldbreastfeedwithoutembarrassingthe____43____nexttoher.Butasshefelt____44____inherseatontheplane,awoman,whohadareallywarmsmile,satdownand____45____herself.ReddishthenlearnedthathernamewasKarenClemsonandthatshehadbeenanurseallherlife.“Oh,honey,don’tworryaboutit,KarenlookedatReddish____46____andsaid,”Iamveryhappytohaveabeautifulmotherandbabysittingnexttome.Reddishfelt____47____byhavingClemsonnexttoherduringthejourney.Atonepoint,whenitwastimeforReddishtobreastfeed,Clemsonofferedto____48____thebaby’sblanket,togivehersome____49____.“Ijustkeptthankingher,”Reddishsaid.“Butshesaidit’sOK.”AfterClemsonsaidhergoodbyes,Reddishthoughtshe’dnever_____50_____heragain.Butonher_____51_____flighthome,therewasClemson,inthegatewaitingarea.Onceagain,Clemson_____52_____tositnexttoReddish.Duringtheflight,sheevenhelpedReddishholdthebaby,soshecouldhavea_____53_____.Reddishsaysshestill_____54_____Clemsonwheneversheflies.“Becauseofher,everytimeIgetonanairplane.Iam_____55_____tositnexttoafamilywithchildrenifIhaveachancetopickmyseat.”41.A.sellB.affordC.seeD.exchange 42.A.findB.takeC.chooseD.make43.A.passengerB.pilotC.womanD.patient44.A.sickB.tiredC.annoyedD.uneasy45.A.forgaveB.enjoyedC.introducedD.reminded46.A.gentlyB.helplesslyC.insincerelyD.sadly47.A.frightenedB.embarrassedC.comfortedD.amused48.A.holdupB.throwawayC.lookforD.giveup49.A.benefitB.privacyC.adviceD.reward50.A.writeB.missC.meetD.want51.A.economyB.returnC.nightD.honeymoon52.A.refusedB.expectedC.aimedD.offered53.A.drinkB.restC.talkD.toy54.A.focusesonB.preferstoC.thinksofD.relieson55.A.angryB.unwillingC.upsetD.ready【答案】41.B42.C43.A44.D45.C46.A47.C48.A49.B50.C51.B52.D53.B54.C55.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是LindaReddish和她的丈夫带着新生儿乘坐飞机时，一位善良的乘客护士照顾她们的故事。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，她只能买最便宜的票，这意味着她无法选择座位。A.sell销售；B.afford买得起；C.see看到；D.exchange交换。根据前文“In2013,LindaReddishhadtoflyalonewithhernewbornbabyfromNebraskatoChicago.”可知，LindaReddish要带她的宝宝搭乘飞机去芝加哥。所以是要买飞机票。afford意为“买得起，支付得起”。故选B项。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，她只能买最便宜的票，这意味着她无法选择座位。A.find找到；B.take带走；C.choose选择；D.make制作。根据上文“However,shecouldonly____1____thecheapestticket”和下文“Shewonderedhowshewouldbreastfeedwithoutembarrassingthe____3____nexttoher.”可知，LindaReddish只买得起最便宜的飞机票。她担心在飞机上哺乳时会使坐在她旁边的人尴尬。可知她无法和丈夫坐在一起，即她不能自主选择座位，座位是随机分配的。故选C项。【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她想知道如何在不让旁边乘客尴尬的情况下母乳喂养。A.passenger乘客；B.pilot飞行员；C.woman女性；D.patient病人。根据上文“shecouldonly____1____thecheapestticket,whichmeantshecouldn’t____2____herseat.”和下文“Butasshefelt____4____inherseatontheplane,awoman,whohadareallywarmsmile,satdownand____5____herself.”可知，LindaReddish只买得起最便宜的飞机票。她不能自主选择座位。幸运的是，是坐在她旁边的是一位有着温暖笑容的女士。可知坐在她旁边的是飞机上的乘客。故选A项。【44题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，当她在飞机上的座位上感到不安时，一位面带温暖笑容的女士坐下来自我介绍。A.sick生病的；B.tired疲惫的；C.annoyed恼怒的，生气的；D.uneasy不安的，忧虑的。根据上文“Shewonderedhowshewouldbreastfeedwithoutembarrassingthe____3____nexttoher.”可知，LindaReddish带着新生儿坐飞机，飞机途中需要哺乳，她很担心会使坐在她旁边的乘客感到尴尬，所以在不知道谁坐在她旁边时，她感到非常不安和忧虑。故选D项。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当她在飞机上的座位上感到不安时，一位面带温暖笑容的女士坐下来自我介绍。A.forgave原谅；B.enjoyed享受；C.introduced介绍；D.reminded提醒。根据下文“ReddishthenlearnedthathernamewasKarenClemsonandthatshehadbeenanurseallherlife.”可知，这位女士坐在她旁边，Reddish得知了她的名字以及她的职业是护士。所以这位女士一坐下就跟Reddish介绍了自己。故选C项。【46题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“哦，亲爱的，别担心，”凯伦温柔地看着红碟说，“我很高兴有一个漂亮的妈妈和孩子坐在我旁边。”A.gently温柔地；B.helplessly无助地；C.insincerely不真诚地；D.sadly悲伤地。根据上文“Oh,honey,don’tworryaboutit”可知，这位女士在安慰Reddish别担心。所以语气应该是非常温柔的。故选A项。【47题详解】考查形容词词词义辨析。句意：旅途中有克莱姆森在身边，雷德迪什感到很安慰。A.frightened害怕的，恐惧的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.comforted安慰的，宽慰的；D.amused好笑的，逗乐的。根据下文“Atonepoint,whenitwastimeforReddishtobreastfeed,Clemsonofferedto____8____thebaby’sblanket,togivehersome____9____.”可知，这位女士在Reddish哺乳的过程中，一直在提供帮助，让Reddish感到舒适。故选C项。【48题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：有一次，当Reddish母乳喂养的时候，Clemson 主动提出举起婴儿的毯子，给她一些隐私。A.holdup举起；B.throwaway扔掉；C.lookfor寻找；D.giveup放弃。根据下文““Ijustkeptthankingher,”Reddishsaid.“Butshesaidit’sOK.”可知，这位女士在Reddish哺乳的过程中，一直在提供帮助。为了Reddish哺乳时被其他乘客看到以免尴尬，可推断这位女士是贴心地举起了婴儿的毯子。故选A项。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一次，当Reddish母乳喂养的时候，Clemson主动提出举起婴儿的毯子，给她一些隐私。A.benefit益处；B.privacy隐私；C.advice建议；D.reward奖励，报酬。根据上文“Atonepoint,whenitwastimeforReddishtobreastfeed,Clemsonofferedto____8____thebaby’sblanket”可知，这位女士在Reddish哺乳的过程中，贴心地举起了婴儿的毯子以防其他乘客看到，这样做其实是在保护哺乳时妈妈的隐私。故选B项。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：克莱姆森道别后，Reddish以为她再也见不到她了。A.write写；B.miss想念，错过；C.meet见面；D.want想要。根据下文“Butonher____11____flighthome,therewasClemson,inthegatewaitingarea.”可知，本来Reddish在跟她告别后，以为不会再见面了，没想到在回家的航班上，在登记口等候区Reddish又再次遇见了这位善良的女士。故选C项。【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在她回家的回程航班上，克莱姆森在登机口等候区。A.economy经济；B.return回程，返回；C.night晚上；D.honeymoon蜜月。根据文章“Butonher____11____flighthome”可知，Reddish是要搭飞机回家，所以搭乘的是返程的航班。故选B项。【52题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：克莱姆森再次提出坐在雷德迪什旁边。在飞行过程中，她甚至帮Reddish抱着孩子，这样她就可以休息了。A.refused拒绝；B.expected期待，盼望；C.aimed目的是，瞄准；D.offered主动提供。根据文章“Onceagain,Clemson____12____tositnexttoReddish.Duringtheflight,sheevenhelpedReddishholdthebaby”可知，在回程航班上，Reddish和这位女士还是坐在一起。但是这次是Clemson主动提出要坐在她旁边。故选D项。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：克莱姆森再次提出坐在雷德迪什旁边。在飞行过程中，她甚至帮Reddish抱着孩子，这样她就可以休息了。A.drink饮料；B.rest休息；C.talk聊天；D.toy玩具。根据文章“Duringtheflight,sheevenhelpedReddishholdthebaby”可知，Clemson提出帮忙抱孩子，那么Reddish就可以休息一下，不用那么劳累。故选B项。【54题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Reddish说，每当她坐飞机时，她仍然会想起Clemson。A.focuseson专注；B.prefersto更喜欢；C.thinksof想起；D.relieson依靠，依赖。根据下文““Becauseofher,everytimeIgetonanairplane.Iam____15____tositnexttoafamilywithchildrenifIhaveachancetopickmyseat.””可知，Clemson的善举让Reddish非常感动，在她的影响下，Reddish非常愿意在坐飞机时坐在有孩子的家庭旁边。所以每次坐飞机，都会让Reddish想起Clemson的贴心举动。故选C项。【55题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“因为她，每次我上飞机，如果我有机会选座位的话，我都做好了准备坐在一个有孩子的家庭旁边。”A.angry生气的；B.unwilling不愿意的；C.upset沮丧的；D.ready准备好的。根据上文“Onceagain,Clemson____12____tositnexttoReddish.Duringtheflight,sheevenhelpedReddishholdthebaby,soshecouldhavea____13____.”可知，Clemson的善举让Reddish非常感动，在她的影响下，Reddish非常愿意在坐飞机时坐在有孩子的家庭旁边。所以每次坐飞机，Reddish都做好了这个准备。故选D项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Duringhislifetime(from551to479BC),Confuciussaw____56____(grow)disorderandinjusticeinthesociety.Duetotheproblemshesaw,hedevoted____57____(he)todevelopinganewsetofmoralrules____58____(base)onfivevirtues:respect,kindness,honesty,truthfulnessandloyalty(忠诚).ThesevirtueslaterbecamethebasisforreligiousandmorallifethroughoutChina.Respectandloyaltyweretwo____59____(particular)importantcornerstonesinConfucius’moral____60____(principle).Theyhavebeenextendedtothelivingaswellasthedead,andpayingrespecttoancestorshasbecome____61____extremelyimportantChinesetradition.Confuciusalsobelievedthatagoodgovernmentwasthebasisfora____62____(peace)andhappysociety.Andthebasisforagoodgovernmentwasgoodofficials.Inordertobecomeagoodofficial,apersonwasrequired____63____(master)theabovefivevirtues.AlthoughConfuciuswasamemberoftheupperclass,hebelievededucationandknowledgebelonged____64____anyonewhohadthedesiretolearn.Soheopenedaschoolinhisbighouse,in_____65_____manyofhispoorstudentslivedwithhim.【答案】56.growing57.himself58.based59.particularly60.principles 61.an62.peaceful63.tomaster64.to65.which【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了孔子的思想体系及其对中国产生的深远影响。【56题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在孔子的一生中（公元前551年至公元前479年），他看到了社会上日益混乱和不公正的现象。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处作定语，修饰disorderandinjustice。而且grow与disorderandinjustice之间存在逻辑上的主动关系，需用现在分词。故填growing.【57题详解】考查反身代词。句意：由于他看到的问题，他致力于发展一套基于五种美德的新道德规则：尊重、善良、诚实、真实和忠诚.此句主语是he,谓语动词后面的宾语是he，即主语和宾语是同一人，而且devoteoneselftosth意为“投身于某事”，为固定搭配。故填himself.【58题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于他看到的问题，他致力于发展一套基于五种美德的新道德规则：尊重、善良、诚实、真实和忠诚.分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处作后置定语，修饰rules。而且base与rules之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，需用过去分词。故填based.【59题详解】考查副词。句意：尊重和忠诚是孔子道德原则的两个特别重要的基石。所填词在此处修饰形容词important,作状语，修饰形容词需要用副词形式。所以需转化为该形容词的副词形式particularly。故填particularly.【60题详解】考查名词复数。句意：尊重和忠诚是孔子道德原则的两个特别重要的基石。principle指的是前面提到的五大道德准则，所以需用所给名词的复数形式。故填principles.【61题详解】考查冠词。句意：他们已经扩展到生者和死者，对祖先的尊敬已经成为一种极其重要的中国传统。tradition为单数可数名词，表示泛称，故用不定冠词，又因为空后的extremely为元音音素开头的单词，因此用不定冠词an。故填an.【62题详解】考查形容词。句意：孔子还认为，一个好的政府是一个和平与幸福社会的基础。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处与happy一起修饰society，作定语，故用所给名词的形容词形式peaceful。故填peaceful.【63题详解】 考查不定式。句意：为了成为一个好官员，一个人必须掌握以上五种美德。berequiredtodosth是固定短语，意为“被要求做某事”。故填tomaster.【64题详解】考查介词。句意：尽管孔子是上流社会的一员，但他相信教育和知识属于任何有学习欲望的人。belongto是固定短语，意为“属于”。故填to.【65题详解】考查定语从句。句意：所以，他在自己的大房子里开了一所学校，他的许多贫困学生都和他住在一起。分析句子结构可知，该句是由“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为house，在定语从句中充当地点状语，需用关系副词where.关系副词where=介词+which结构，前面有介词in,所以填关系代词which即可。故填which.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)66.假定你是李华，你校英文报正在为2024年8月15日第二个“全国生态日(NationalEcologyDay)”征集环保口号(slogan)。请你给口号征集负责人Alan写一封邮件，内容包括：1.你提出的口号;2.口号的含义及优点。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearAlan,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Iwillconsideritagreathonorifmysloganisselected.Bestregards!Yourssincerely,LiHua【答案】Onepossibleversion:DearAlan, HavinglearnedthatournewspaperiscollectingslogansforthesecondNationalEcologyDay,whichfallson15August,2024,I’mwritingtointroducemyownversion:OneEarth,OneFamily.Ithinkmysloganisverypersuasive.Althoughweliveindifferentcountriesordifferentpartsofacountry,wehaveonlyoneEarth.SoitisoursharedresponsibilitytoprotectourhomeplanetandsafeguardthebiodiversityonEarth.Mysloganalsoshowsthatonlywithjointeffortsfromallovertheworldcanweprotectourhomeplanet.Iwillconsideritagreathonorifmysloganisselected.Bestregards!Yourssincerely,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是学生会主席李华。校英文报正在为2024年8月15日第二个“全国生态日(NationalEcologyDay)”征文。请你代表学生会给该报投稿。【详解】1.词汇积累共同的：shared→common责任：responsibility→duty保护：safeguard→protect认为：think→figure2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Ithinkmysloganisverypersuasive.拓展句：ThereasonwhyIputforwardthesloganisthatIthinkitisverypersuasive.【点睛】【高分句型1】HavinglearnedthatournewspaperiscollectingslogansforthesecondNationalEcologyDay,whichfallson15August,2024,I’mwritingtointroducemyownversion:OneEarth,OneFamily.(运用了现在分词做原因状语和which引导的定语从句)【高分句型2】Althoughweliveindifferentcountriesordifferentpartsofacountry,wehaveonlyoneEarth.(运用了although引导的让步状语从句)【高分句型3】Mysloganalsoshowsthatonlywithjointeffortsfromallovertheworldcanweprotectourhomeplanet.(运用了that引导的宾语从句和only+状语位于句首，主句部分倒装)第二节(满分25分)67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Mikewasabigfanoffootball.Whenhewastenyearsold,hewasadmittedtojoinhisfirstfootballteam.As soonashegothomethatday,heputonhisuniformandadmiredhimselfinfrontofthemirror.“I’marealfootballplayer!”Hesaidtohimselfandpretendedtopractisefootball.“Whatareyoudoing,sillyboy?”askedhisoldersister.“I’mpractisingfootball,”saidMike.“Whenpeoplepractisefootball,theyusuallyuseaball,”hissisterlaughed.Mikethenfoundafootballinthebasementandhurriedbacktohisroom,posingwiththeballinfrontofthemirror,again.Thenextday,Mikemethisteammatesontheplayground.Thecoachtaughtthemhowtokickandrunaftertheball.Hetaughtthemhowtothrowtheballinfromthesidelines,usingtwohandswhilekeepingbothfeetontheground.Finally,theyhadapracticegame.Itturnedoutthatplayingfootballwasalotharderthanitlooked.EverytimeMikewasabouttokicktheball,someoneelsekickeditawayfromhim.WhenMikethrewtheballinfromthesideline,heforgottokeepbothfeetontheground.TheonlythingthatMikewasgoodatwascheering.Whoeverscored,hewouldjumpupandcheerforthem.Ontheweekend,Mike’steamwasinvitedtotakepartinitsfirstrealcompetitionwiththeSun.Mike’sfamilyallcametowatch.Mikechasedtheballupanddown,withexcitement.Itcameasnosurprisethattheirteamlostthematch.Evenso,hekeptcheeringforanyonewhoscored.Afterthegame,hissistercameoverandremindedMikethatheneededtobearealfootballplayer,notjustacheerleader.Meanwhile,hiscoachtoldMikethatifhetriedtodomorepracticeandcooperatewithhisteammates,hecouldbeabetterfootballplayer,too.注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Motivatedbytheirwords,Mikestartedtotakethetrainingmoreseriously.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Finally,thedayforthematchbetweenhisteamandtheSuncame. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:Motivatedbytheirwords,Mikestartedtotakethetrainingmoreseriously.Dayafterday,hesparednoefforttopractice,regardlessofwindorrain.Everytimehefelttootiredtocontinue,theirwordsliftedhisspiritsandpushedhimtorisetohisfeetagain.Withthecoach’sguidanceandhisdedicatedtraining,Mikefoundhimselfmakingsteadyprogress.ThewholeteamalsobecamemoreconfidentandwaslookingforwardtothenextmatchagainsttheSun.Finally,thedayforthematchbetweenhisteamandtheSuncame.Thinkingofalltheefforthehadmadeforthegame,Mike,fully-preparedandconfident,tookadeepbreathandsteppedontothefootballfield.Insteadofchasingtheballupanddownaimlessly,hekeptpassingtheballrighttohisteammateswhowerebetteratscoring.Atlength,histeamwonthegameandalltheteammatesrantohimandthrewhimintotheairwithdeafeningcheers.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述Mike热爱足球并加入一支足球队，但他自己不擅长踢足球，只会为进球而欢呼，在一次比赛输掉后，他的教练说道，如果他努力多练习，与队友合作，他也可以成为一名更好的足球运动员。【详解】1.段落续写：①由续写第一段首句“在他们的话的激励下，Mike开始更加认真地对待训练。”可以预测续写第一段主要内容：Mike在教练的指导下不断练习并取得进步，他期待下场比赛。②由第二段首句“终于，他的球队和太阳队比赛的日子到了。”可以预测续写第二段主要内容：Mike的球队和太阳队比赛并获得最后胜利。2.续写线索：Mike在教练指导下努力练习——Mike取得进步——Mike期待下一次比赛——Mike所在队和太阳队比赛——Mike所在队赢得比赛3.词汇激活行为类①.努力：tryone’sbest/sparenoeffort/makegreatefforts②.期待：expect/lookforwardto/anticipate③.追逐：chase/runafter情绪类 ①.心力交瘁的：tired/stressed/exhausted②.自信的：confident/self-confident/assured【点睛】[高分句型1].Everytimehefelttootiredtocontinue,theirwordsliftedhisspiritsandpushedhimtorisetohisfeetagain.（运用了Everytime引导的时间状语从句）[高分句型2].Thinkingofalltheefforthehadmadeforthegame,Mike,fully-preparedandconfident,tookadeepbreathandsteppedontothefootballfield.（运用了现在分词作状语）[高分句型3].Insteadofchasingtheballupanddownaimlessly,hekeptpassingtheballrighttohisteammateswhowerebetteratscoring.（运用动名词和who引导的定语从句）