新教材新高考高中英语第二讲掌握英语的主要构词法.pptx

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掌握英语的主要构词法新教材新高考语法大课堂 ⁠主要构词法归纳表派生前缀表示否定或相反意义的前缀dis-,mis-,un-,il-,im-,in-,ir-,non-,anti-disagree,misunderstand,unwilling,illegal,impossible,independent,irrelevant,nonstop,antivirus形容词变动词的前缀en-able→enable,large→enlarge,rich→enrich其他inter-(相互),over-(超过),re-(重新),ex-(以前的),super-(超),vice-(副)interaction,overweight,reuse,ex-husband,supernatural,vice-chairman 派生后缀形容词加-ly变成副词-lyreal→really动词或名词变形容词的后缀-able,-ful,-ous,-y,-al,-ible,-ive,-arynature→natural,use→useful,continue→continuous,health→healthy动词变名词的后缀-al,-ance,-ence,-tion,-ssion,-ment,-ture,-yarrive→arrival,appear→appearance,exist→existence,invite→invitation形容词变名词的后缀-cy,-dom,-ence,-th,-age,-ty,-ityfluent→fluency,wise→wisdom,silent→silence,grow→growth,safe→safety表示人的后缀-er,-or,-ist,-ee,-ess,-ese,-an,-ian,-antteacher,inventor,artist,employee,Chinese,American,musician,servant表示否定的后缀-lesshopeless,endless,fearless,careless,treeless,meaningless形容词变动词的后缀-en,-fybroad→broaden,class→classify名词变动词的后缀-izeapology→apologize 转化名词→动词backn.背→vt.支持,seatn.座位→vt.容纳动词→名词walkv.→takeawalk,surveyv.→makeasurvey形容词→动词slowadj.慢的→v.缓慢合成名词＋名词→名词classroom,teamwork,newspaper形容词＋名词→名词blackboard,highway,mainland副词＋名词→名词overcoat,underground,outbreak副词＋动词→动词update,overlook名词＋动词→动词sunbathe,proofread名词＋动词-ed形式→形容词man-made,hand-made,updated形容词＋动词-ing形式→形容词good-looking,easy-going,ordinary-looking ⁠Ⅰ.根据汉语意思及构词法写出派生词或合成词。1.baby-sittern.看孩子的人2.fast-foodn.快餐3.kind-heartedadj.好心肠的4.middle-agedadj.中年的5.two-year-oldadj.两岁大的6.happyadj.高兴的→unhappyadj.不高兴的7.developvt.发展→developmentn.发展8.employvt.雇用→unemploymentn.失业baby-sitterfast-foodkind-heartedmiddle-agedtwo-year-oldunhappydevelopmentunemployment Ⅱ.英译汉(注意黑体转化词的用法)1.Heshoulderedhiswaythroughthecrowd.他用肩膀推开人群前进。⁠2.Wewilltryourbesttobetterourlivingconditions.我们将尽力改善我们的生活条件。⁠3.Hedidn’tknowthedifferencebetweenrightandwrong.他不辨是非。⁠他用肩膀推开人群前进。我们将尽力改善我们的生活条件。他不辨是非。 ⁠Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.In1844theyboughtitfor⁠1,200andsomelandfromCharlesDresser,whoperformedtheirmarriage(marry)ceremonyin1842.marriage2.Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticularinterest(interesting)toscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(环形山),moresothanthefamiliarnearside.3.ChineseNewYearisacelebration(celebrate)markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring.4.Filledwithcuriosity(curious),theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.5.Historicalaccuracy(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.interestcelebrationcuriosityaccuracy Ⅱ.语法填空EveryWednesdayat7pm,agroupofrunningenthusiastsfromdifferentcountriesgatheratabarinShanghaibeforesetting1⁠ontheir5-kilometerrun.Butthisisnoordinaryrun.Thesepeople2⁠(arm)withtrashbags.Themembersofthisgroupdon’tsimplyrunforthesakeofgoodhealth.TheydoitforthesakeoftheEarth3⁠well.Called“plogging”,thisnewfitnessactivityoriginatedinSwedenin2016andwasintroducedtoShanghaiin2018.Thetermisacombinationofthewords“jogging”and“plockaupp”,4⁠means“pickup”. Bythesummerof2018,justafewmonthsafterTrashRunningChinawasfounded,5⁠(it)WeChatgrouphadgrowntointroducemorethan400runners.Tomaketheactivitymorefunforboth6⁠(newcomer)andregularploggers,TrashRunningChinaalso7⁠(frequent)organizeslongerweekendrunsinthesuburbanareas.“Wewantmorepeopletoholdsmall‘plogging’groupsandhavea8⁠(responsible)toorganizetrashrunningactivitiesintheirownneighborhoods,”saysEisenring,whofoundedTrashRunningChina.“‘Plogging’isaway9⁠(know)thepeopleandthecityabitmore,”saysRobbinTrebbe,oneofthe10⁠(late)runnerstojointhegroup.语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了边跑边捡垃圾这种新式健康活动的相关内容。 1.off/out考查副词。setoff/out意为“出发”。2.arearmed考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句子主谓语之间是被动关系,句子主语是复数形式,故填arearmed。3.as考查固定搭配。固定搭配aswell意为“也,还”。4.which考查定语从句。引导非限制性定语从句,指代物。故填which。5.its考查代词。指TrashRunningChina这一组织的微信群,故填its。6.newcomers考查名词的单复数。根据both和regularploggers可知,应用名词的复数形式。7.frequently考查词形转换。修饰动词organizes应用副词frequently(频繁地)。 9.toknow考查非谓语动词。waytodo(做某事的方式)是一种固定用法。10.latest考查词形转换。根据语境可知,此处指其中一名最新加入的成员,应用latest(最新的)。8.responsibility考查词形转换。不定冠词a后应填名词单数形式,此处表示“一种责任”。 感谢您的观看THANKYOU--