江苏省徐州市2021-2022学年高二下学期期中考试英语 Word版含解析

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2021-2022学年度高二第二学期期中学业水平质量监测英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号等信息填写在答题卡上。2.用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1Wherewillthewomanprobablygonext?A.Toastore.B.Toagym.C.Toherhouse.2.Whatplaceswouldthemanliketovisitthemost?A.Highmountains.B.Historicalsites.C.Rainforests.3.Howmanyweeksofholidaydoesthemangetthisyear?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.4.Whatisthemainideaoftheconversation?A.Doinghomework.B.Preparingameal.C.Usingacomputer.5.Whatdoweknowaboutthewomanfromtheconversation?A.Shedoesn’tknowChinese.B.Shelikespandasverymuch.C.Sheisanicesportslover.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatproblemdoesthewomanhave?A.Sheishungry.B.Shefeelstired.C.Shehurthereyes.

17.Whatdoesthemanoffertodo?A.Fixthecomputer.B.Takecareofthekids.C.Makeameal.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题8.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofgeography?A.Itisinteresting.B.Itisdifficult.C.Itisboring.9.Whatdayisittoday?A.Wednesday.B.Friday.C.Sunday.10.Whatdoesthewoman’smomwanthertostudy?A.Law.B.Medicine.C.Engineering.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Housecleanerandcustomer.B.Motherandson.C.Friends.12.Howmuchdoesthemanusuallygetperweek?A.$35.B.$30.C.$20.13.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodoforher?A.Collecttheleaves.B.Cutthegrass.C.Washhercar.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Ataclinic.B.Ataschool.C.Atanoffice.15.Inwhatwayisthemanfeelingunwell?A.Hehasabadheadache.B.Hehasastomachache.C.Hehasaskinproblem.16.WhorecommendedthemantrytraditionalChinesemedicine?A.Hisdoctor.B.Hisfriend.C.Hismother.17.Whathelpedthewomanimproveherproblems?A.Aspecialtea.B.Afacewash.C.Somepills.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whyistheflightputoff?A.Theairplane’sengineisbroken.B.Theweatheristerrible.C.Thepilotisill.19.Whenwilltheflightmostlikelytakeoff?A.Inafewhours.B.Nextmorning.C.Intwodays.20.Whowillmakethenextannouncement?

2A.Areceptionworker.B.Themanagementdirector.C.Theheadoftheairline’soffice.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHuntingforanewjob?Thankfully,yourperfectworkplacemaybejustaquicksearchaway.Onlinejobsitesarevaluableresourcesyoucanusetofindavailablepositionsinalltypesofindustries,fromhourlywageworkerstofreelanceorwork-from-homegigs,administrativeroles,mid-levelmanagement,executivepositions,andmore.LinkedIn·Pricetojoin:Free·Vip：$19.99/monthlyor$9.99/mo,withayearcommitment;one-monthtrial·Easeofapplication:MediumLinkedInis,atitscore,abusiness-centricsocialnetworkingwebsite.Butthisispreciselywhatgivesitanadvantagewhenitcomestosearchingforjobs.YourLinkedInprofileessentiallyactsasyourresume,thoughyoucanalsouploadanactualresumeaswellorusetheresumebuildertocreateonetocomplementyourprofile.Indeed·Pricetojoin:Free·Easeofapplication:EasyAsthelargestjobsiteintheworld,it’snosurprisethatIndeedmadethislist.Therearereportedly10newjoblistingsaddedeverysecond,withthesiteconstantlybeingupdatedwithnewcontentandjobsacrosseveryindustryanddifferentlifestyles.Fromfull-andpart-timepositionstofreelance,work-from-home,andeveninternshipopportunities,theoptionsruntheentirerange.Monster·Pricetojoin:Free·Easeofapplication:EasyMonsterhasbecomesynonymouswithjobsearches,withthecompanyhavingbeenaroundsince1999andtheearlydaysoftheInternet.Today,Monsterremainsoneofthetopjobsearchwebsites,withpositionsofallexperiencelevelsandworkstyles,fromfull-andpart-timetofreelanceandtemporary.CareerBuilder·Pricetojoin:Free·Easeofapplication:Medium

3CareerBuilderisn’tasdiverseastheothersbutoffersjobsfromavarietyofcompaniesandindustries,allofwhichcanbeviewedbycategoryinanalphabetizedlist.Youcanalsoseetopsearchestodiscoverwhattypesofjobsorcompaniescandidatesaremostoftenlookingat.1.IfyouwanttoregisteramembershipofLinkedInannually,howmuchshouldyoupaytotally?A.$19.99.B.$119.88.C.$9.99.D.$109.89.2.WhatdoIndeedandMonsterhaveincommon?A.Theyoffermoreflexiblework.B.Theyallfocusonworkexperience.C.Theyareconstantlyupdated.D.Theywerebothsetupinthe1990s.3.Whichonecanhelpusdiscoverthejobcandidates’favourite?A.LinkedIn.B.Indeed.C.Monster.D.CareerBuilder.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个在线求职网站。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据LinkedIn部分“Vip：$19.99/monthlyor$9.99/mo,withayearcommitment;one-monthtrial”（$19.99/月或$9.99/月，承诺一年；一个月的试用）可知如果你想每年注册一次LinkedIn会员，你应该支付：9.99*12=$119.88。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Indeed部分内容“Fromfull-andpart-timepositionstofreelance,work-from-home,andeveninternshipopportunities,theoptionsruntheentirerange.”（从全职和兼职到自由职业者、在家工作，甚至实习机会，这些选择涵盖了整个范围。）以及Monster部分内容“Today,Monsterremainsoneofthetopjobsearchwebsites,withpositionsofallexperiencelevelsandworkstyles,fromfull-andpart-timetofreelanceandtemporary.”（如今，Monster仍然是顶级求职网站之一，拥有各种经验水平和工作风格的职位，从全职和兼职到自由职业者和临时工。）可知IndeedandMonster提供了更灵活的工作。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Youcanalsoseetopsearchestodiscoverwhattypesofjobsorcompaniescandidatesaremostoftenlookingat.”（你还可以查看热门搜索，以发现求职者最常关注的工作或公司类型。）可知CareerBuilder帮助我们发现求职者的最爱。故选D项。BIfahumancangetaprostheticlimb(假肢),whynotananimal?Easiersaidthandonehowever,aswhilethereisatremendousamountofongoingresearchforhumanprosthetics,thereishardlyanyforanimals.

4ButthisJaipur-basedveterinarysurgeondidnotwanttowaitaroundanymore.DrTapeshMathuriscreditedwithmakingthe‘KrishnaLimb’,India’sfirstprostheticlimbforanimals.Tapeshhasbeendesigningprostheticlimbsforanimalssince2015andtodate,hashelped90animalsadapttousingaprosthetic.Fromdesigntoproduction,Tapeshdoesalltheworkbyhimselfathishome-workshop.Heprovidestheartificiallimbsforfree.Tapeshsaid,“Icouldnotbeartoseetheir(thecattle’s)pain.Theseanimalscouldnotvoicetheiranxietyashumanscan,buttheyfeelthepainallthesame.Theywaitedhelplesslyforfoodorforsomeonetocleanthem.AndIkeptthinkingifwecanhelphumanswalkagain,whycan’tsomethingsimilarbedonefortheseanimals?ThusIbeganmyresearch.”Tapeshdesignedhisfirstprostheticlimbforatwo-year-oldcalfnamedKrishna,wholearnttowalkusingthelimb.Producingtheseprostheticlimbswasn’taneasytaskinitially,andTapeshrequiredrawmaterial,whichwasexpensive.Polypropylene,whichisusedformanufacturingprostheticlimbs,isonlysuppliedinquantitybysuppliers,andTapeshhadtosourceitfromMumbaiusinghisownsavings.Now,Tapeshdesignsvariousprostheticlimbsfordifferentanimals.“Wegenerallyworkwithcows,horses,anddogs,buthavestartedreceivingapplicationsforotheranimalsaswell.Recently,wegotarequestforalimbforapetparrot.Wearestillworkingonthedesign.”Therearecertainstepsinvolvedindesigning.First,Tapeshtakesthenecessarymeasurements,basedonwhichtheartificiallimbismoulded.TherealchallengecomeswhenTapeshhastovisitanimalslivinginremoteareasashispatientsoftencannotbebroughttohim.Oncetheprostheticlimbisready,Tapeshvisitstheanimalandattachesitforfree.4.Whydoestheauthoraskaquestionatthebeginningofthepassage?A.Toaskforothers’favors.B.Toshowthedifficultyinmakingprostheticlimbsforanimals.C.Tolayemphasisonthesimilaritiesbetweenthetwo.D.Toarousereaders’interestinthefollowingtopic.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutDrTapeshMathurfromparagraph2?A.Hehasadoptedabout90animals.B.Hemakesartificiallimbsforanimalsoutofcuriosity.C.Heworkswithotherdoctorstoproduceprostheticlimbs.D.HeisthefirstIndiantomakeprostheticlimbsforanimals.6.HowdidDrTapeshMathurgetrawmaterialsforprostheticlimbs?

5A.Byaskinghisfriendsforhelp.B.Bybuyingthemwithhisownmoney.C.Byborrowingthemfromcompanies.D.Byturningtothegovernmentforhelp.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeDrTapeshMathur?A.Selfishandquick-tempered.B.Confidentandstrong-willed.C.Generousandkind-hearted.D.Honestandwell-behaved.【答案】4.D5.D6.B7.C【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。介绍了斋普尔的兽医塔佩什·马瑟博士被誉为“克里希纳假肢”的创造者，这是印度第一个为动物设计的假肢。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Ifahumancangetaprostheticlimb(假肢),whynotananimal?”（如果人类都能装假肢，为什么动物不能?）可知，本文主要讲述的是设计动物假肢，所以作者在文章开头提出了一个问题目的是为了引起读者对以下话题的兴趣。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ButthisJaipur-basedveterinarysurgeondidnotwanttowaitaroundanymore.DrTapeshMathuriscreditedwithmakingthe‘KrishnaLimb’,India’sfirstprostheticlimbforanimals.”（但这位住在斋普尔的兽医不想再等下去了。塔佩什·马瑟博士被誉为“克里希纳假肢”的创造者，这是印度第一个为动物设计的假肢。）可知，他是第一个为动物制作义肢的印度人。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Polypropylene,whichisusedformanufacturingprostheticlimbs,isonlysuppliedinquantitybysuppliers,andTapeshhadtosourceitfromMumbaiusinghisownsavings.”（用于制造假肢的聚丙烯只由供应商大量供应，塔佩什不得不用自己的积蓄从孟买采购。）可知，塔佩什·马瑟博士用自己的钱购买制作假肢的原材料。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Polypropylene,whichisusedformanufacturingprostheticlimbs,isonlysuppliedinquantitybysuppliers,andTapeshhadtosourceitfromMumbaiusinghisownsavings.”（用于制造假肢的聚丙烯只由供应商大量供应，塔佩什不得不用自己的积蓄从孟买采购。）以及最后一段“Oncetheprostheticlimbisready,Tapeshvisitstheanimalandattachesitforfree.”（一旦假肢准备好了，塔佩什就会去看望它，并免费为它安装假肢。）可知，塔佩什·马瑟博士慷慨和善良。故选C。CDuringthe2022WinterOlympics,atthehotelsinthecompetitionarealocatedinYanqingDistrict,Beijing,

6asmartrobot“CoffeeMaster”withskilledteabrewingtechniquesbecameaneye-catchingfeatureamongtheattendingathletes.Besidesit,otherrobotshavecarriedouttheirdutiesinmanyunnoticedcorners,supportingtheevent.FollowingtheOlympicssuccess,theoutstandingperformanceofChinese-maderobotsattheglobalsportsgalahaveattractedcustomersacrosstheworld,representingthecountry’sinnovationabilitywhileboostingChinesepeople’spride.ManyindustryinsidersbelievethattheBeijingWinterOlympicsisan“accelerator”forthedevelopmentoftheroboticsindustry.“Inrecentyears,China’sroboticsindustryhasmademanytechnologicaladvances.However,beforetheWinterOlympics,manycustomershadawait-and-seeattitudetowardrobotproducts,”YangRui,adirectorfromGaussianRoboticstoldtheGlobalTimes,notingthatwithOlympicssuccess,alargenumberofforeigncustomershavecometocooperatewiththecompany.AccordingtoareportbyCCIDConsulting,aresearchinstituteundertheMIIT,in2020,themarketdemandforservicerobotsinChinasawexplosivegrowthduetotheepidemic,withthemarketsizereaching28.38billionyuan($3.7billion),up37.4percentyear-on-year.Withanagingpopulationandrisinglaborcosts,domesticservicerobotsenjoyhugedemandpotentialwiththemarketsizeexpectedtoreach75.18billionyuanby2023.WangPeng,assistantprofessorattheGaolingSchoolofArtificialIntelligenceattheRenminUniversityofChina,notedthatdomesticrobotsensorsandcomputingchipsarestillrelyingonimports,leadingtoelevatedcostofthehighlysophisticatedrobots.“China’sroboticsindustryhasseenboomingdevelopment,butstillhasalongwaytogo,”Wangsaid.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“accelerator”meaninthethirdparagraph?A.Promotor.B.Inventor.C.Hunter.D.Turning.9.Whydoestheauthormentionfiguresinpara5?A.Topresentafact.B.Tomakeaprediction.C.TosupportYang’sopinion.D.Toprovetherobotssuccess.10.WhatisadirectresultofthesuccessoftheBeijing2022WinterOlympics?A.China’sroboticsindustryishavingagreatboom.B.Domesticrobotsensorscanbeproducedindependently.C.ThemarketdemandforservicerobotsinChinagrowsrapidly.D.Foreigncustomersprefertocooperatewithdomesticrobotcompany.11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

7A.China’sroboticstechniquesbecomeeyecatchingintheworld.B.Robots’functionsinhotelsduringBeijing2022WinterOlympicsC.RobotsmakenodifferencetothesuccessofBeijing2022WinterOlympics.D.Beijing2022WinterOlympicscontributemuchtoChina’sroboticsindustry.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国制造的机器人在2022冬奥会期间因出色的表现引起世界的瞩目，在未来的日子里，这种创新技术将会迎来蓬勃的发展。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“FollowingtheOlympicssuccess,theoutstandingperformanceofChinese-maderobotsattheglobalsportsgalahaveattractedcustomersacrosstheworld,representingthecountry’sinnovationabilitywhileboostingChinesepeople’spride.”（奥运会成功举办后，中国制造机器人在全球体育盛会上的出色表现吸引了世界各地的客户，代表了国家的创新能力，也提升了中国人的自豪感。）以及第四段“Inrecentyears,China’sroboticsindustryhasmademanytechnologicaladvances.However,beforetheWinterOlympics,manycustomershadawait-and-seeattitudetowardrobotproducts”（近年来，中国机器人产业取得了许多技术进步。然而，在冬奥会之前，许多客户对机器人产品持观望态度）可知，在冬奥会之后，世界各地对我国机器人的关注倍增，然后冬奥会之前，大家对此持观望态度，前后形成鲜明的对比，由此可知，冬奥会对我们的机器人产业产生了推动促进作用。选项A符合语意。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段““Inrecentyears,China’sroboticsindustryhasmademanytechnologicaladvances.However,beforetheWinterOlympics,manycustomershadawait-and-seeattitudetowardrobotproducts,”YangRui,adirectorfromGaussianRoboticstoldtheGlobalTimes,notingthatwithOlympicssuccess,alargenumberofforeigncustomershavecometocooperatewiththecompany.”（“近年来，中国机器人产业取得了许多技术进步。然而，在冬奥会之前，许多客户对机器人产品持观望态度，”高斯机器人公司的一名主管杨瑞告诉《环球时报》，他指出，随着奥运会的成功，大量外国客户已经来与该公司合作。）可知，由于冬奥会的推动，我国的机器人产业发展迅猛。以及第五段“AccordingtoareportbyCCIDConsulting,aresearchinstituteundertheMIIT,in2020,themarketdemandforservicerobotsinChinasawexplosivegrowthduetotheepidemic,withthemarketsizereaching28.38billionyuan($3.7billion),up37.4percentyear-on-year.Withanagingpopulationandrisinglaborcosts,domesticservicerobotsenjoyhugedemandpotentialwiththemarketsizeexpectedtoreach75.18billionyuanby2023.”（工信部下属研究机构赛迪咨询发布的一份报告显示，受疫情影响，2020年中国服务机器人市场需求出现爆炸性增长，市场规模达到283.8亿元(37亿美元)

8，同比增长37.4%。随着人口老龄化和劳动力成本的上升，家政服务机器人的需求潜力巨大，预计到2023年，市场规模将达到751.8亿元。）可知，这些数据表明市场对机器人的需求快速增长，以及今后市场潜力巨大。进一步验证了第四段中Yang对机器人产业发展的判断——即有了冬奥会的推动，机器人产业蓬勃发展。选项C符合语意，故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段““Inrecentyears,China’sroboticsindustryhasmademanytechnologicaladvances.However,beforetheWinterOlympics,manycustomershadawait-and-seeattitudetowardrobotproducts,”YangRui,adirectorfromGaussianRoboticstoldtheGlobalTimes,notingthatwithOlympicssuccess,alargenumberofforeigncustomershavecometocooperatewiththecompany.”（“近年来，中国机器人产业取得了许多技术进步。然而，在冬奥会之前，许多客户对机器人产品持观望态度，”高斯机器人公司的一名主管杨瑞告诉《环球时报》，他指出，随着奥运会的成功，大量外国客户已经来与该公司合作。）可知，冬奥会之后大量的外国客户开始关注并与我国机器人技术公司开展合作。选项D符合语意。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Duringthe2022WinterOlympics,atthehotelsinthecompetitionarealocatedinYanqingDistrict,Beijing,asmartrobot“CoffeeMaster”withskilledteabrewingtechniquesbecameaneye-catchingfeatureamongtheattendingathletes.Besidesit,otherrobotshavecarriedouttheirdutiesinmanyunnoticedcorners,supportingtheevent.”（在2022年冬奥会期间，在位于北京延庆区比赛区域的酒店内，一台拥有娴熟泡茶技术的智能机器人“咖啡大师”成为参加冬奥会的运动员们的一大亮点。除此之外，其他机器人也在许多不为人所知的角落履行自己的职责，为比赛提供支持。）可知，机器人在冬奥会的出色表现引起世界瞩目。第二段“FollowingtheOlympicssuccess,theoutstandingperformanceofChinese-maderobotsattheglobalsportsgalahaveattractedcustomersacrosstheworld”（奥运成功后，中国制造的机器人在全球体育盛会上的出色表现吸引了世界各地的客户），第三段“ManyindustryinsidersbelievethattheBeijingWinterOlympicsisan“accelerator”forthedevelopmentoftheroboticsindustry.”（许多业内人士认为，北京冬奥会是机器人产业发展的“加速器”。）以及第四段“YangRui,adirectorfromGaussianRoboticstoldtheGlobalTimes,notingthatwithOlympicssuccess,alargenumberofforeigncustomershavecometocooperatewiththecompany.”（高斯机器人公司的一名主管杨锐告诉《环球时报》，他指出，随着奥运会的成功，大量外国客户已经来与该公司合作。），以上内容均表明，在冬奥会的推动下，我国机器人产业迎来了蓬勃的发展。即文章在进一步说明冬奥会对机器人产业的推动作用。选项D符合语意。故选D。DWhat’sthedifferencebetweenshameandguilt?Theseareemotionsthatweoftenmixup,butitturnsout

9they’requitedifferent.Whenpeoplefeelshame,theyfeelbadaboutthemselves:“I’mabadpersonforhavingdonethis.”Whenpeoplefeelguilt,theyfeelbadnotabouttheself,butaboutaspecificbehavior:“Ididabadthing.”Andit’sasubtledistinction,butitturnsoutthatitleadstoverydifferentmotivations.Whenpeoplefeelshameabout“WhoIambecauseIdidabadthing,I’mahorribleperson,”there’sasenseofshrinkingandbeingsmall,asenseofworthlessnessandpowerlessness.Andwhenpeoplefeelshame,theywanttohide.Theywanttosinkintotheflooranddisappear.Theyminimize.Theyoftenblameotherpeople.Butwhattheydon’tdo,typically,istrytomakethingsbetter.Whenpeoplefeelguiltaboutaspecificbehavior—“IfeelbadthatIdidthat”—they’refocusedonthebehaviorandtheeffectsonotherpeople,andthatseemstopushpeopleinamuchmoreconstructivedirection.Peoplewhofeelguiltaboutabehaviorwithoutfeelingshameaboutthemselvesaremorelikelytoapologize,insomeway,trytorepairtheharmthatwasdone.Ithinkthatjustknowingthedifferencebetweenthetwoisnotenough,ifyoucanidentifywhenyoufeelshameandsortofdosomedouble-checking,youknow,“IsitreallyfairformetofeellikeabadpersonbecauseIlostmytemperwithmykidstoday?DoesthatmeanI’mahorribleparent?OramIgenerallyagoodparent,butthiswasabadday,andIdidabadthingandletmeaddressthat,reconnectwithmychildandthinkaboutwaystoavoidthatgoingforward,”insteadoffallingintoshame,shame,shame.Ithinkshameissuchaselfishemotion.It’sallaboutme.It’snotaboutthepersonthatIhurt.It’s,“Me,me,me,me,I’mahorribleperson,”whichtakesthefocusoffofthepersonyou’veharmed.12.Whatareshameandguiltthoughtof?A.Theyareeasytofigureout.B.Theyleadtodifferentbehavior.C.Theyarecalledbademotions.D.Theyareseenconfusingthings.13.Whatwillpeopledowhentheyfeelshame?A.Theydaretofaceanything.B.Theyrefusetomakethingsbetter.C.Theyfeelbadaboutspecificbehavior.D.Theytendtoblamethemselves.14.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Resultsoffeelingguilt.B.Waysoffeelingguilt.C.Causesoffeelingguilt.D.Reflectionsoffeelingguilt.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoshame?A.Favorable.B.Tolerant.C.Against.D.Unclear.【答案】12B13.B14.A15.C【解析】

10【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者结合自己的经历讨论了羞愧和内疚这两种情绪的区别。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Andit’sasubtledistinction,butitturnsoutthatitleadstoverydifferentmotivations.”（这是一个微妙的区别，但事实证明，它导致了非常不同的动机）并结合第二、三段对感到羞愧和内疚的人的行为对比可知，羞愧和内疚导致了不同的行为，故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Andwhenpeoplefeelshame,theywanttohide.Theywanttosinkintotheflooranddisappear.Theyminimize.Theyoftenblameotherpeople.Butwhattheydon’tdo,typically,istrytomakethingsbetter.”（当人们感到羞愧时，他们想隐藏起来。他们想钻进地板缝，让自己消失。他们经常责怪别人。但他们通常不会做的是努力让事情变得更好）可知，当人们感到羞愧时，他们拒绝让事情变得更好，故选B。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段内容，特别是“Whenpeoplefeelguiltaboutaspecificbehavior—‘IfeelbadthatIdidthat’—they’refocusedonthebehaviorandtheeffectsonotherpeople,andthatseemstopushpeopleinamuchmoreconstructivedirection.”(当人们对某一特定行为感到内疚时——“我为自己的行为感到难过”——他们会专注于该行为及其对他人的影响，这似乎会将人们推向一个更具建设性的方向)可知，该段主要讲的是感到内疚的结果，故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ithinkshameissuchaselfishemotion.It’sallaboutme.It’snotaboutthepersonthatIhurt.”（我认为羞愧是一种自私的情绪。都是关于自我的，而不是关于我伤害的那个人）可知，作者对羞愧持反对态度，故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Peopleallaroundtheworldhaveenjoyednoodlesforthousandsofyears.____16____PeoplefirststartedgrowingwheatandmakingflourintheMiddleEastaround10,000yearsago.Butnoonehadeverfoundaprehistoricnoodle—until2002.Archaeologistsdiscoveredanupside-downclaybowlintheruinsofanancientChinesevillage.____17____This“mummy”noodlewasmadefrommillet.TradersbroughtwheattoChinaaboutthetimethisancientnoodlewascooked.SomepeopleclaimthatMarcoPolobroughtpastatoItaly.ThetalesaysthatwhenhevisitedChina,hetriednoodlesforthefirsttimeandlikedthemsomuchthathetooktherecipehome.____18____Infact,itwaslikely

11madeupbyanAmericanmagazinetotrytogetAmericanstoeatmorepasta.____19____TheoldestwrittenmentionofpastaoutsideChinacomesfromtheMiddleEast,about1,600yearsago.Thetextdescribeshowtoeatdriednoodles,apopulartravelfoodintheMiddleEastandCentralAsia.Driednoodleswereperfectforlongtrips.____20____SomehistoriansbelievethatdriednoodlesspreadoutfromtheMiddleEastorCentralAsia.Traderspackedtheirnoodlesandtravelledtootherpartsoftheworld.Wherevertheygottherecipe,ItalianswereeatingpastalongbeforeMarcoPolo.SowhoREALLYinventednoodles?Wemayneverknow—thehistoryofnoodlesisastwistedasabowlofspaghetti.Butwhoeverinventedthem,we’resuregladtheydid!A.Whomadetheveryfirstnoodle?B.Butitisprobablynottrue!C.Whoplantedwheatfirst?D.Theyweretasty,easytocarry,andneverwentbad.E.Whentheyliftedit,theyfounda4,000-year-oldnoodle.F.However,driednoodleshavemanydisadvantagesG.So,ifMarcoPolodidnotbringnoodlestoItaly,whodid?【答案】16.A17.E18.B19.G20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了考古学家对于谁是第一个发明面条的人进行探索研究。【16题详解】根据前文“Peopleallaroundtheworldhaveenjoyednoodlesforthousandsofyears.(世界各地的人们吃面条已经有几千年的历史了。)”和后文“Butnoonehadeverfoundaprehistoricnoodle—until2002.(但直到2002年，还没有人发现过史前面条。)”可知，这里为承上启下句，探讨第一个做面条的人。A选项“Whomadetheveryfirstnoodle?(第一个面条是谁做的?)”符合题意，故选A。【17题详解】根据前文“Archaeologistsdiscoveredanupside-downclaybowlintheruinsofanancientChinesevillage.(考古学家在中国一个古代村庄的废墟中发现了一个倒置的陶碗。)”以及后文“This“mummy”noodlewasmadefrommillet.(这种“木乃伊”面是用小米做的。)”可知，考古学家从这个倒置的陶碗中发现了“木乃伊”面。E选项“Whentheyliftedit,theyfounda4,000-year-oldnoodle.(当他们把它拿起来的时候，他们发现了一根有4000年历史的面条。)”符合题意，故选E。【18题详解】根据后文“Infact,itwaslikelymadeupbyanAmericanmagazinetotrytogetAmericanstoeatmorepasta.(

12事实上，这很可能是一家美国杂志为了让美国人多吃意大利面而编造的。)”中的Infact，可知，前文的说法是假的。B选项“Butitisprobablynottrue!(但这可能不是真的!)”符合题意，故选B。【19题详解】根据后文“Wherevertheygottherecipe,ItalianswereeatingpastalongbeforeMarcoPolo.(无论在哪里，意大利人吃面食的时间早在马可·波罗之前。)”可知，本段是在探讨是谁将面条带到了意大利。G选项“So,ifMarcoPolodidnotbringnoodlestoItaly,whodid?(那么，如果不是马可·波罗把面条带到了意大利，那是谁呢?)”符合题意，故选G。【20题详解】根据前文“Driednoodleswereperfectforlongtrips.(干面条是长途旅行的最佳选择。)”可知，本句是描述干面条作为长途旅行最佳选择的原因。D选项“Theyweretasty,easytocarry,andneverwentbad.(它们很好吃，便于携带，而且从不变质。)”符合题意，故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I’dliketosaythatmyjourneytoalittlefreeseedlibrarybeganbecauseofmyawarenessoffoodsystems’inefficiencies,food____21____,andtheeffectsoftheCOVID-19pandemicontheabilityoffolksto____22____resources.Iteachauniversitycourseonfoodsystemsandsocialjustice.____23____,I’vealwayswishedtohavealittlefreelibrary,aplacefor____24____toexchangebooksandideas,torelax,andtobuildcommunity.I’veenjoyedand____25____frommanylittlefreelibrariesasareadermyselfandasamother____26____outbooksformychildren,especiallyduringthepandemic.AsmyfamilyandI____27____intoourforeverhomein2019,Iwas____28____attheopportunitytocreateafreelibraryinthisnewplace.Ievenimaginedarestareaoutsidemyhomewherepeoplecouldsitandrestwhile____29____.Acoupleofweeksafterwemovedin,Ifoundmyneighbor____30____alittlefreelibrary.AsIsmiledandcongratulatedher,myheart____31____.Itwouldn’tmakesensetohavetwoadjacent（相邻的）libraries;Iknewthat____32____.Aftertheinitialdisappointment,Iregainedmy____33____.Iwasn’tconfidentIcouldmakeitwork.Butnow,asI____34____thatIstillneededmyownstyleofsharing,theconditionswererightforthatold____35____togerminate（发芽）.Itfirstsatonthebackshelfofmymindandthenslowlycametothefront.21.A.choiceB.insecurityC.productionD.supply

1322.A.acquireB.purchaseC.collectD.explore23.A.ThereforeB.BesidesC.HoweverD.Otherwise24.A.childrenB.mothersC.folksD.teachers25.A.returnedB.sufferedC.escapedD.benefited26.A.cuttingB.actingC.handingD.seeking27.A.burstB.settledC.slippedD.jumped28.A.excitedB.pleasedC.annoyedD.surprised29.A.talkingB.eatingC.travellingD.reading30.A.createdB.managedC.neededD.sell31.A.stoppedB.sankC.racedD.failed32.A.worriedlyB.confidentlyC.immediatelyD.secretly33.A.determinationB.courageC.abilityD.money34.A.hopedB.promisedC.acknowledgedD.regretted35.A.memoryB.factC.feelingD.idea【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.C25.D26.D27.B28.A29.D30.A31.B32.C33.A34.C35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要作者建立一个微型免费种子库的缘由和经历。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想说，我的免费种子库之旅之所以开始，是因为我意识到粮食系统效率低下、粮食不安全以及2019冠状病毒疾病大流行对人们获取资源能力的影响。A.choice选择；B.insecurity不安全；C.production生产；D.supply供应。由前文“foodsystems’inefficiencies”可知，文章这里讲自己建立种子库缘由是食物不稳定，所以foodinsecurity表“粮食不安全”符合文意。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.acquire获得；B.purchase购买；C.collect收集；D.explore探索。由前文“theeffectsoftheCOVID-19pandemic”可知，文章这里主要讲疫情对人们“获取”资源的影响。故A选项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我在大学教一门关于食品系统和社会公正的课程。然而，我一直希望有一个小小的免费图书馆，一个供人们交流书籍和想法、放松和建立社区的地方。A.Therefore因此；B.Besides除了；C.However然而；D.Otherwise否则。由后文“I’vealwayswishedtohavealittlefreelibrary”

14以及前文可知，前后两句为转折关系，However符合文意。故选C项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.children儿童；B.mothers母亲；C.folks乡亲；D.teachers教师。由前文第一段“folks”可知，这里应表示一个供“人们”交流书籍和想法、放松和建立社区的地方。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名读者和一名母亲，我享受并受益于许多小型免费图书馆，尤其是在疫情期间，我为我的孩子们寻找书籍。A.returned返回；B.suffered遭受；C.escaped逃脱；D.benefited受益。由前文“enjoyed”可知，作者很喜欢这样图书馆并“受益”很多。故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.cutting切割；B.acting行动；C.handing处理；D.seeking寻找。由前文“littlefreelibraries”可知，作为妈妈，我会为孩子在图书馆里“找”书。故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2019年，我和我的家人在我们永远的家里安顿下来，有机会在这个新地方创建一个免费图书馆，我感到非常激动。A.burst爆裂；B.settled安居；C.slipped滑倒；D.jumped跳下。由后文“inthisnewplace”可知，我和家人们在新地方“定居”下来了。故选B项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.excited兴奋的；B.pleased满意的；C.annoyed恼怒的；D.surprised惊讶的。由前文“I’vealwayswishedtohavealittlefreelibrary”可知，作者一直想建一个图书馆，所以对这有这机会很“兴奋”。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我甚至设想在我家外面有一个休息区，人们可以坐着休息，一边读书。A.talking交谈；B.eating吃；C.travelling旅行；D.reading阅读。由前文“afreelibrary”可知，人们可以在“读书”时坐在那里休息。故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们搬进来几周后，我发现我的邻居创建了一个免费的小图书馆。A.created创建；B.managed管理；C.needed需要；D.sell出售。由后文“Itwouldn’tmakesensetohavetwoadjacentlibraries”可知，作者邻居已经“创建”了一个图书馆。故选A项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我微笑着祝贺她时，我的心沉了下去。A.stopped停止；B.sank沉没；C.raced比赛；D.failed失败。由后文““theinitialdisappointment””

15可知，邻居已经建立一个图书馆，作者不能再建立了，所以作者心“沉了下去”。故选B项。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：有两个相邻的图书馆是没有意义的；我马上就知道了。A.worriedly担忧地；B.confidently自信地；C.immediately立即地；D.secretly秘密地。由前文“Itwouldn’tmakesensetohavetwoadjacentlibraries”可知，当作者看到邻居建了图书馆后，“马上”就知道作者自己不能再建了。故选C项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在最初的失望之后，我恢复了我的决心。A.determination决心；B.courage勇气；C.ability能力；D.money金钱。由前文“tocreateafreelibraryinthisnewplace”可知，原本作者已经决定建一个图书馆，但失败了。现在又再次拥有这样的“决心”了。故选A项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是现在，正如我承认的那样，我仍然需要我自己的分享方式，这种旧想法的萌芽条件已经成熟。A.hoped希望；B.promised承诺；C.acknowledged承认；D.regretted后悔。由后文“Istillneededmyownstyleofsharing”可知，作者现在仍然想通过一种分享的方式来为大家服务，这点作者不得不“承认”。故选C项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.memory记忆；B.fact事实；C.feeling感觉；D.idea想法。由前文“I’vealwayswishedtohavealittlefreelibrary”可知，为大众建立一个可以分享的地方，这是一个作者旧的“想法”。故选D项。第二节（共10小题；每小題1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Whyachievingindependenceisessentialwhenapersonachievesadulthood？Becauseyoucangetfreedomthroughfinancialindependence.Nothingcompares____36____receivingthatfirstpaypacketandknowingthatatlast,youcanbegintopayyourwayintheworld.Havingfinancialindependenceisanincrediblefeeling.Itmeansthatyoudon’thavetodependon____37____(other)topayforyou.Knowingyouareincontrolofyourincomeandspendingwithoutrestrictions____38____(place)onyoubyothersreducesstressandimprovesyourfeelingofsatisfaction.Additionally,becauseindependenceleadstopersonalimprovement.Whenyouareindependent,youcanlead____39____morefreesociallife,pursuethecareer____40____youwant,andundertakeactivitiesthatappealtoyou.No-oneelsewillbetryingtolimityourambition.Youcanmeetnewfriends,trynewthings,andfollowuponnew____41____(opportunity).Allofthiswillleadtoyou____42____(grow)asaperson,becoming

16____43____(experienced),havingabetterunderstandingofthewaysoftheworld,andbecomingmoreknowledgeable.Ifyouseeyourselfinapositivelight,thenyou____44____(have)greaterbeliefinyourabilities.Whenyoucanactindependently,thenyouwillbecomeamatureadultwithapositiveattitudetowardseverythingyoudo.Thisis____45____independenceisimportant.【答案】36.to##with37.others38.placed39.a40.that##which41.opportunities42.growing43.moreexperienced44.willhave45why【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么当一个人成年后，获得独立是至关重要的。【36题详解】考查介词。句意：没有什么事情能比得上收到第一份工资单，然后知道你终于可以开始在这个世界上自己买单了。分析句意可知，此处用介词to与compare搭配，构成短语compareto/with表示“与……相比较”。故填to/with。【37题详解】考查代词。句意：这意味着你不必依靠别人来为你买单。分析句意再结合提示词可知，此处用代词others指代“其他人、别人”，符合语境。故填others。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：知道自己可以控制自己的收入和支出，而不受他人的限制，可以减轻压力，提高满足感。分析句式结构可知，空格处应该作后置定语，且place和restrictions是被动关系，故用提示词place的过去分词形式作后置定语表被动关系。故填placed。【39题详解】考查冠词。句意：当你独立后，你可以过更自由的社交生活，追求你想要的职业，参加你喜欢的活动。根据空格前的lead和空格后的life可知，此处用短语leada…life表示“过上……的生活”，符合语境。故填a。【40题详解】

17考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句且从句中缺少宾语，所以用关系代词that/which来引导。故填that/which。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：你可以结识新朋友，尝试新事物，把握新机会。分析句意，再根据提示词可知，此处用名词的复数形式，表示很多“机会”，符合语境。故填opportunities。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所有这些都会让你成长，变得更有经验，对世界的方式有更好的理解，变得更有知识。分析句式结构可知，此处用提示词的动名词形式与下文的having和becoming对应。故填growing。【43题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：同上。根据下文的betterunderstanding和moreknowledgeable可知，此处应该用提示词的比较级形式与下文对应。故填moreexperienced。【44题详解】考查一般将来时。句意：如果你从积极的角度看待自己，那么你就会对自己的能力更有信心。分析句式结构可知，此处是“主将从现”结构，即主句是一般将来时，If条件句中是用一般现在时表将来时。故填willhave。【45题详解】考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么独立很重要。分析句式结构可知，此处是表语从句，且从句中缺少原因状语，所以用连接副词why来引导。故填why。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，在英国伦敦留学，得知当地某自然环境保护区正在招募志愿者。请你给其负责人写一封自荐信，内容包括：1.目的；2.个人优势；3.表达期待。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

18【答案】OnepossibleversionDearSir/Madam,IamLiHua,aChinesestudentstudyingbiologyinLondon.I’mgladtobeinformedthatyournaturalreserveislookingforvolunteers.I’mwritingtoapplyforbeingoneofthem.Asanenvironmentalist,Ihavebeenparticipatinginmanyprogramsconcerningenvironmentalprotection.Inthemeantime,Iloveanimalsverymuchandknowhowtotakecareofanimals.Bytheway,IcanspeakfluentEnglish,soIcancommunicatewithotherswell.I’dappreciateitifIcouldhaveachancetoreceiveyourapproval.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封自荐信应聘英国伦敦当地某自然环境保护区志愿者。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的：glad→pleased参加：participatein→takepartin照顾：takecareof→carefor/lookafter机会：chance→opportunity2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Asanenvironmentalist,Ihavebeenparticipatinginmanyprogramsconcerningenvironmentalprotection.拓展句：Asanenvironmentalist,Ihavebeenparticipatinginmanyprogramswhichareconcerningenvironmentalprotection.【点睛】【高分句型1】I’mgladtobeinformedthatyournaturalreserveislookingforvolunteers.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)【高分句型2】I’dappreciateitifIcouldhaveachancetoreceiveyourapproval.(运用了if引导状语从句)第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Mrs.Marchhasfourdaughters.TheyareAmy,Jo,MegandBeth.Summervacationcame,andthegirlswantedtorelaxandnotdoanyhousework.“Maywe,Mother?”askedMeg,turningtoMrs.March,whosatnearby.“Youmaytryyourexperimentforaweekandseehowyoulikeit.IthinkbySaturdaynightyouwillfind

19thatallplayandnoworkisasbadasallworkandnoplay.”saidMrs.March.“Oh,dear,no!Itwillbewonderful,I’msure,”saidMegeagerly.Thenextmorning,Megdidnotappeartillteno'clock.Theroomseemedlonelyanduncleanasnoonehaddonetheirdutiesthatmorning.Jospentthemorningontheriver,andtheafternoonreading.Bethspentthemorningwithhermusic,pleasedthatshehadnodishestowash.Amysatdowntodrawflowers.Thesecondday,thethirdday...theyrepeatedthesamelife.ThoughMrs.Marchdidherdaughters’dutiesaroundthehouse,keepinghomepleasant.Itwasastonishingwhatastrangeanduncomfortablestatethehousewasinwitheveryone“resting.”Thedayskeptgettinglongerandlonger,andthegirlsbecameupsetmoreeasily,quarrelingquiteabitmoreoften.Noonewouldadmitthattheyweretiredoftheexperiment,butbyFridaynight,theyrealizedthattheyweregladtheweekwasnearlyover.Mrs.Marchthendecidedtofinishofftheexperimentinanappropriatemanner.WhentheygotuponSaturdaymorning,therewasnofireinthekitchen,nobreakfastinthediningroom,andnomotheranywheretobeseen.“Whathashappened?”criedJoinshock.Megranupstairsandsooncameback.“Shesaysit’sbeenahardweekforher,sowemustn’tcomplain,buttakecareofourselves.”saidMeg.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。BethandAmysetthetable,whileJoandMeggotbreakfast…________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________“Ifyoulearnabitofcooking,JoandMeg.Thatisquiteuseful”saidMrs.March...________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

20【答案】OnepossibleversionBethandAmysetthetable,whileJoandMeggotbreakfast.Fearingtoaskadvice,JoandMegdidtheirbestalone,anddiscoveredthatcooking,indeed,wasaratherdifficulttask.Theyboiledthevegetablesfortoolong,andwasupsettoseetheyweretoosoft.Thebreadburnedblack,themeatwastough,andratherdifficulttocut,andthepotatoeswerenotfinished.Aftertheruinedbreakfastwasfinished,theywalkedoutwiththedessertproudly,andwatchedaseachonetastedthecreation.Unfortunately,noneofthemaresatisfiedwithbreakfast.“Ifyoulearnabitofcooking,JoandMeg.Thatisquiteuseful”saidMrs.March.Sheaddedthatthecomfortofhomedependsoneachdoingherduties.Thegirlfinallyunderstoodthatwhenmotherdidtheirwork,theydidquitewell,thoughtheydidn’tthinktheywereveryhappy.“Don’tyoufeelthatitismorepleasanttohelponeanothertomakehomecomfortableandlovelytousall?”“Wedo,Mother,wedo!”criedthegirls.“Then,youmusttakeupyourdutiesagaintomorrow.Iknowtheysometimesseemdifficult,buttheybecomeeasierwithtime.”【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了马奇太太有四个女儿，暑假来了，女孩们想放松一下，不做任何家务，马奇太太告诉女孩只玩不工作和只工作不玩一样糟糕，但女孩们不相信，马奇太太决定尝试一周的实验，向女孩们证明自己的说法。时间一天天过去，由于没有人做家务，房子处于一种令人不舒服的状态，女孩们的脾气也越来越差，她们渐渐厌倦了这种生活。当她们周六早上起床时，发现没有早餐，也看不到母亲，于是决定自己照顾好自己。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“贝丝和艾米摆好桌子，乔和梅格吃早餐。”可知，第一段可描写女孩们自己做的早餐怎么样。②由第二段首句内容““如果你学一点烹饪，乔和梅格。那很有用。”马奇太太说。”可知，第二段可描写通过这件事，马奇太太是如何教育女孩们的及女孩们的感悟。2.续写线索：准备早餐——吃早餐——女孩们对早餐并不满意——马奇太太教育女儿——女孩们明白道理3.词汇激活行为类①.尽力而为：doone’sbest/doeverythinginone’spower②.完成：finish/complete③.互相帮助：helponeanother/helpeachother情绪类

21①.沮丧的：upset/depressed②.骄傲地：proudly/withpride【点睛】[高分句型1].Fearingtoaskadvice,JoandMegdidtheirbestalone,anddiscoveredthatcooking,indeed,wasaratherdifficulttask.（由that引导的宾语从句，作discovered的宾语）[高分句型2].Sheaddedthatthecomfortofhomedependsoneachdoingherduties.（由that引导的宾语从句，作added的宾语）听力答案：1-5ABCBA6-10BCCAB11-15BCCBA16-20CABCA

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