江苏省南京师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期期中考试英语（缺作文答案）Word版含解析

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2022-2023学年南师附中高三上学期期中考试英语试题第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)AThisdocumentsetsoutthedisplaystandardsforGlasgowMuseums.Thisguidewillhelpexhibitionplannersprovideaccesstoexhibitionsinourmuseums.GlasgowMuseums’aimistoimproveaccesstocollectionsbyhavingasmanyitemsaspossibleondisplayandwithoutphysicalbarriers.Wealsotryoutbesttoprotecttheseobjectswithoutlimitingaccesstothem.ObjectPlacement·Don’tplaceobjectsinsuchawaythattheycouldpresentadangertovisitors.·Allobjectdisplays,casedorotherwise,mustbeviewablebyall,includingpeoplewhoaresmallinfigureorinwheelchairs.OpenDisplay·Allobjectsonopendisplaymustbesecurefromtheftanddamage.·Allobjectsidentifiedforpotentialopendisplaymustbeviewedandagreedonanobject-to-objectbasisbytheSecurityManagerofthemuseum.RecommendationsDistanceRecommendeddistancetoplaceobjectsoutof“casualarm’slength”(takenfromtheedgeoftheobjecttotheedgeofanyproposedformofbarrier)700mm*Insomecases,600mmmaybeacceptable,providedtheplinthheightisabove350mm.CasedObjects·Allcaseddisplaysshouldfallwithinthegeneraloptimum（最优的）viewingbandof750-2000mm.Ensureeverythingisvisuallyaccessiblefromawheelchair.·Positionsmallobjectsorthosewithfinedetailinthefrontpartofacase,withlargeritemsbehind.·Positionsmallitemsorthosewithfinedetailnohigherthan1015mmfromfloorlevel.Objectsplacedabovethisheightareonlyseenfrombelowbypeopleinwheelchairsorpeoplewhoaresmallinfigure.

11.Fromthispassage,wecanlearnthatGlasgowMuseums______.A.limitaccesstoexhibitionsonadailybasisB.aremostfamousforitslargecollectionC.makegenerousdonationstothedisabledD.valuetheexperiencesofallvisitors2.Accordingtotheguide,objectstobeplacedonopendisplaymust______.A.beequippedwithanti-theftsystemB.beviewedfromadistanceof700mmC.receiveapprovalfromthemuseumfirstD.fallwithinarms’reachofastandingman3.Amotherandher10-year-oldsonarelikelytobothfeelcomfortableinfrontofadiamondplacedinaglasscaseattheheightof______.A.1250mmB.950mmC.650mmD.450mm【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】这是一篇应用文。这份文件规定了格拉斯哥博物馆的陈列标准。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据ObjectPlacement部分第二句“Allobjectdisplays,casedorotherwise,mustbeviewablebyall,includingpeoplewhoaresmallinfigureorinwheelchairs.”（所有的展品，不论大小写，都必须被所有人看到，包括身材矮小或坐在轮椅上的人。）可知，GlasgowMuseums珍惜所有游客的体验。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据OpenDisplay部分第二句“Allobjectsidentifiedforpotentialopendisplaymustbeviewedandagreedonanobject-to-objectbasisbytheSecurityManagerofthe

2museum.”（所有被确定为可能公开展示的物品都必须经过博物馆保安经理的检查并在物品对物品的基础上达成一致。）可知，公开展出的物品必须先得到博物馆的批准。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据CasedObjects部分第一句“Allcaseddisplaysshouldfallwithinthegeneraloptimum（最优的）viewingbandof750-2000mm.”（所有的展品都应该在750-2000毫米的最佳观察范围内。）可知，一位母亲和她10岁的儿子面对一颗950毫米高的玻璃柜里的钻石，可能都感到很舒服。故选B。BInrecentyears,agrowingbodyofresearchhasshownthatourappetiteandfoodintakeareinfluencedbyalargenumberoffactorsbesidesourbiologicalneedforenergy,includingoureatingenvironmentandourperceptionofthefoodinfrontofus.Studieshaveshown.forinstance.thateatinginfrontoftheTV(orasimilardistraction)canincreasebothhungerandtheamountoffoodconsumed.Evensimplevisualcues,likeplatesizeandlighting,havebeenshowntoaffectportionsizeandconsumption.Anewstudysuggestedthatourshot-termmemoryalsomayplayaroleinappetite.Severalhoursafterameal,people’shungerlevelswerepredictednotbyhowmuchthey’deatenbutratherbyhowmuchfoodthey’dseeninfrontofthem—inotherwords,howmuchtheyrememberedeating.Thisdifferencesuggeststhememoryofourpreviousmealmayhaveabiggerinfluenceonourappetitethantheactualsizeofthemeal.saysJeffreyM.Brunstrom,aprofessorofexperimentalpsychologyattheUniversityofBristol.“Hungerisn’tcontrolledsolelybythephysicalcharacteristicsofarecentmeal.Wehaveidentifiedanindependentroleformemoryforthatmeal.”Brunstromsays.“Thisshowsthattherelationshipbetweenhungerandfoodintakeismorecomplexthanwethought.”Thesefindingsechoearlierresearchthatsuggestsourperceptionoffoodcansometimestrickourbody’sresponsetothefooditself.Ina2011study,forinstance,peoplewhodrankthesame380-caloriemilkshakeontwoseparateoccasionsproduceddifferentlevelsofhunger-relatedhormones,dependingonwhethertheshake’slabelsaiditcontained620or140calories.Moreover,theparticipantsreportedfeelingfullerwhentheythoughtthey’dconsumedahigher-calorieshake.Whatdoesthismeansforoureatinghabits?Althoughithardlyseemspracticaltotrickourselvesintoeatingless,thenewfindingsdohighlightthebenefitsoffocusingonourfoodavoidingTVandmultitaskingwhileeating.4.whichofthefollowingaffectsourappetiteandfoodintakeaccordingtotheauthor?AWhenweeatourmeals.

3B.Howfastweeatourmeals.C.Whatingredientsthefoodcontains.DHowweperceivethefoodweeat.5.Whatwouldhappenatmealtimeifyourememberedeatingalotinthepreviousmeal?A.Youwouldnotfeelsohungry.B.Youwouldhaveagoodappetite.C.Youwouldnotfeellikeeatingatall.DYouwouldbemoreparticularaboutfood.6.Whichofthefollowingworksbestifweplantocontrolourappetite?A.Pickingdishesoftherightsize.B.Trickingourselvesintoeatingless.C.Choosingfoodwithfewercalories.D.Concentratingonfoodwhileeating.7.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Goodeatinghabitswillcontributetoourhealth.B.Psychologicalfactorsinfluenceourhungerlevels.C.Eatingdistractionsoftenaffectourfooddigestion.D.Ourfoodintakeisdeterminedbyourbiologicalneeds.【答案】4.D5.A6.D7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过提出几项研究，讲述了我们的食欲和食物摄入量还受到大量因素的影响，包括我们的饮食环境和我们对面前食物的感知。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Inrecentyears,agrowingbodyofresearchhasshownthatourappetiteandfoodintakeareinfluencedbyalargenumberoffactorsbesidesourbiologicalneedforenergy,includingoureatingenvironmentandourperceptionofthefoodinfrontofus.(近年来，越来越多的研究表明，除了我们对能量的生物需求外，我们的食欲和食物摄入量还受到大量因素的影响，包括我们的饮食环境和我们对面前食物的感知。)”可知，调查显示，吃东西的环境和我们对食物的感知也会影响着我们对食物的胃口和摄入。故选D项。【5题详解】

4推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Severalhoursafterameal,people’shungerlevelswerepredictednotbyhowmuchthey'deatenbutratherbyhowmuchfoodthey'dseeninfrontofthe,m—inotherwords,howmuchtheyrememberedeating.(在用餐几小时后，人们的饥饿水平不是由他们吃了多少来预测的，而是由他们在餐桌前看到了多少食物，换句话说，他们记得吃了多少。)”可推出，如果人们记得自己曾吃过很多东西，他们就会感到不那么饿。故选A项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Theso-calledmindful-eatingstrategiescanfightdistractionsandhelpuscontrolourappetite,Brunstromsays.(布伦斯特伦说，所谓的正念进食策略可以对抗干扰，帮助我们控制食欲。)”可知，Brunstrom的研究表明，专注地吃东西可以帮助我们控制胃口。故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了影响我们饥饿水平的一些心理原因，例如文章第一段“oureatingenvironmentandourperceptionofthefoodinfrontofus.(我们的饮食环境和我们对面前食物的感知。)”、第三段“Anewstudysuggestedthatourshot-termmemoryalsomayplayaroleinappetite.(一项新的研究表明，我们的短期记忆也可能对食欲起作用。)”等，对食物的感知、饮食环节、标签作用等，都是一些影响人们饥饿水平的心理原因。故选B项。CIfyoustartasentencewith,“IfIwereyou...”orfindyourselfscratchingyourheadoveradecisionwhentheansweriscrystal-clear,there’sascientificreasonbehindit.Ourowndecision-makingabilitiescanbecomeexhaustedoverthecourseofthedaycausingindecisionorpoorchoices,butchoosingonbehalfofsomeoneelseisanenjoyabletaskthatdoesn’tsufferthesamedifficulties.“Theproblemisdecisionfatigue,apsychologicalphenomenonthatcausesharmtothequalityofyourchoicesafteralongdayofdecisionmaking,”saysEvanPolman,aleadingpsychologist.Physiciansonthejobforseveralhours,forexample,aremorelikelytoprescribeantibiotics(抗生素)topatientswhenit’sunwisetodoso.“Presumablyit’sbecauseit’ssimpleandeasytowriteaprescriptionandconsiderapatientcaseclosedratherthaninvestigatefurther,”Polmansays.Butdecisionfatiguegoesawaywhenyouaremakingthedecisionforsomeoneelse.Whenpeopleimaginethemselvesasadvisers,theyfeellesstiredandrelylessondecisionshortcuts.“Bytakingupontheroleofadviserratherthandecisionmaker,onedoesnotsuffertheconsequencesofdecisionfatigue,”hesays.“Itisasifthereissomethingfunaboutmakingsomeoneelse’schoice.”“Gettinginputfromothersnotonlyoffersafreshperspectiveandthoughtprocess,itoftenalsoincludesriskierchoices.Whilethissoundsundesirable,itcanbequitegood.Whenpeopleexperiencedecisionfatigue,

5whentheyaretiredofmakingchoices,theyhaveatendencytochoosetogowithstatusquo,”saysPolman.“Butitcanbeproblematicsinceachangeinthecourseofactioncanbeimportantandleadtoapositiveoutcome.”Toachieveasuccessfuloutcomeorreward,somelevelofriskisalmostalwaysessential.“Peoplewhoaresusceptibletodecisionfatiguewilllikelychoosetodonothingoversomething,”hesays.“That’snottosayriskisalwaysgood,butitisrelatedtotakingaction,whereasdecisionfatigueassuredlyleadstoinactionandthepossiblechagrin(懊恼)ofadecisionmakerwhomightotherwisepreferanewcoursebutisunfortunatelyhindered.”“Justbecauseyoucanmakegoodchoicesforothersdoesn’tmeanyou’lldothesameforyourself”Polmancautions.“Researchhasfoundthatwomennegotiatehighersalariesforothersthantheydoforthemselves,”hesays,addingthatpeopleslipinandoutofdecisionroles.8.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutpeoplemakingdecisions?A.Theytendtomakedecisionsthewaytheythinkadvantageoustothem.B.Theymaybecomeexhaustedmakingtoomanydecisionsforthemselves.C.Theyshowconsiderabledifferencesintheirdecision-makingabilities.D.Theyaremorecautiousinmakingdecisionsforothersthanforthemselves.9.Whendopeoplefeellessdecisionfatigue?A.Whentheytakedecisionshortcuts.B.Whentheyhaveadviserstoturnto.C.Whentheyhavemajordecisionstomake.D.Whentheyhelpotherstomakedecisions.10.Whatarepeoplelikelytodowhendecisionfatiguesetsin?A.Theyavoidtryinganythingnew.B.Theyturntophysiciansforadvice.C.Theytendtomakeriskydecisions.D.Theyadoptatotallynewperspective.11.Whatdoesthepassagesayabouttakingsomeriskindecisionmaking?A.Itwillenablepeopletobemorecreative.B.Itwillmoreoftenthannotendinregret.C.Itisvitalforonetoreachthegoaldesired.D.Itislikelytobringaboutseriousconsequences.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C【解析】

6【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍决策疲劳的概念、行为表现及后果，还说明了在决策中承担一定风险的重要性。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“Ourowndecision-makingabilitiescanbecomeexhaustedoverthecourseofthedaycausingindecisionorpoorchoices,butchoosingonbehalfofsomeoneelseisanenjoyabletaskthatdoesn’tsufferthesamedifficulties.（我们自己的决策能力可能会经历一整天后耗尽，导致我们犹豫不决或做出糟糕的选择，但为他人做选择是一项令人愉快的任务，此时不会遇到这种困难。）”可知，为他人做决策的时候不会觉得疲劳，而为自己做决定时，尤其是过了一整天，做了太多的决定后，就会变得十分疲劳。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句“Butdecisionfatiguegoesawaywhenyouaremakingthedecisionforsomeoneelse.（但是当你在为他人做决定时，你就不会轻易产生决策疲劳。）”可知，当我们帮助他人做决定的时候，我们就没有感到决策疲劳。故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段的第三句“Whenpeopleexperiencedecisionfatigue,whentheyaretiredofmakingchoices,theyhaveatendencytochoosetogowithstatusquo.（人们变得决策疲劳时——当他们厌倦了做决定时——他们往往会选择维持现状。）”可知，人们变得决策疲劳时，他们往往会选择维持现状，也就是避免尝试新的事物。故选A项。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的第一句“Toachieveasuccessfuloutcomeorreward,somelevelofriskisalmostalwaysessential.（为了获得成功的结果或回报，一定程度的风险几乎总是必不可少的。）”可知，要想实现既定目标，在决策过程中冒一定的风险是十分重要的。故选C项。DIenjoythrowingstuffaway.I’dlovetogofullminimalism(极简主义),butmywifeandtwoteenagekidsdonotsharemydreamofahousewithalmostnothinginit.Ihavetried.Whenthekidswerelittle,Itaughtthemmytwofavoritegames–“DoWeNeedIt?”and“PutItinItsPlace”–andmadethemplayeveryfewmonths.Theirenthusiasmnevermatchedmine.IfI’mgoingtobehonest,myowntidyingskillsarenotasgreatasI’dlike.My“discarded”pileisneverquitethetrashmountainIwantbecauseImakeupexcusesforwhythingsareuseful.Iconsiderthisunhealthy.Iwanttobebetteratmovingon.So,thistimeIfoundhelp–theclassicsforpeoplelikeme:TheLife-ChangingMagicofTidyingUp,by

7MarieKondo.Kondo’scommitmenttohercraftisastonishing.Herphilosophyisonlytokeepthingsyoulove.CanIgofullKondo?Iwilltry.Onecentralideaistocleanbycategory.Youstartbycollectingallclothesandgatheringthemtogetherforconsideration.Itmakesyourethinkhowyouorganize.Next,holdeachitemandaskifitbringsyoujoy.Thiswayyou’rechoosingwhattokeep.Andthat’showIfindmyselfwithallmyclothesonmybedroomfloor.MywifewalksbyandgivesmealookthatsaysI’mnuts.She’sprobablynotwrong.Somewherenearthebottomofthischaosismyspecialjacket.Imovethroughthepile:pants,shirts,suitsandshoes.Thenmylastcategory:jackets.Ihaven’twornthethinginabout30years.Somehow,ithassurvived.NowthatI’mstrivingtofollowKondo–surely,itstimehascome?Iholditinmyhand.ThereisatearjustbelowthecollarthatwidensasIholdit.It’sliterallyfallingapart.WillIeverwearitagain?Notachance.Doesitfeelgoodtowear?Doesitbringmejoy?Actually,yes.Atthismoment,mydaughterwalksin.Sheasksaboutthejacket.Itellherthestory.ShethinksIshouldkeepit.It’scoolanduniqueandfullofmemories.Sheisarguingthatnostalgia(怀念)istheveryreason.I’mnotentirelyconvincedbymydaughter’sarguments.Ibelieveinlookingahead,notbackward.Nevertheless,sometimesit’shardtoletgo.SoIgentlyplacethejacketonthe“keep”pile.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discarded”probablymeaninParagraph2?A.adjustedB.reservedC.abandonedD.tidied13.WhatdrivestheauthortoreadTheLife-ChangingMagicofTidyingUp?A.Tolearnhowtocategorize.B.Toimprovehistidyingskills.C.Topersuadehisfamilymembers.D.Todeveloppassionforminimalism.14.Whatistheattitudeoftheauthor’sfamilymemberstowardminimalism?A.Theydon’tunderstandit.B.Theycompletelysupportit.C.Theyarestronglyopposedtoit.D.Theyarelesspassionateaboutit.15.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.KnowingwhentoletgoB.ClassifyingwhatyouloveC.Throwingworn-outclothesD.Keepingvaluablepossessions【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。文中作者喜欢完全的极简主义风格，但家人并不支持他，为了提高整理技巧，作者去读了《改变生活的整理魔法》。在整理满地的衣服时，作者发现了难以舍弃的夹克衫，又把它放在了“保留”堆里。【12题详解】

8词义猜测题。根据第二段“IfI’mgoingtobehonest,myowntidyingskillsarenotasgreatasI’dlike.My“discarded”pileisneverquitethetrashmountainIwantbecauseImakeupexcusesforwhythingsareuseful.”（说实话，我自己的整理技能并没有我想要的那么好。我的“discarded”堆从来都不是我想要的垃圾山，因为我为东西为什么有用找借口）可知，爱整理的作者，整理出来要扔弃的不是自己想要的垃圾山。故划线词意思是丢弃，近义词是abandoned。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Iwanttobebetteratmovingon.”(我想更好地继续前进)以及第三段“So,thistimeIfoundhelp–theclassicsforpeoplelikeme:TheLife-ChangingMagicofTidyingUp,byMarieKondo.Kondo’scommitmenttohercraftisastonishing.Herphilosophyisonlytokeepthingsyoulove.”（所以，这次我找到了帮助——为像我这样的人准备的经典书籍:近藤麻理惠的《改变生活的整理魔法》。近藤对她的技艺的投入是惊人的。她的哲学是只保留自己喜欢的东西）可知，提高他的整理技巧是驱使作者去读《改变生活的整理魔法》。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Ienjoythrowingstuffaway.I’dlovetogofullminimalism(极简主义),butmywifeandtwoteenagekidsdonotsharemydreamofahousewithalmostnothinginit.Ihavetried.Whenthekidswerelittle,Itaughtthemmytwofavoritegames–‘DoWeNeedIt?’and‘PutItinItsPlace’–andmadethemplayeveryfewmonths.Theirenthusiasmnevermatchedmine.”（我喜欢扔掉东西。我喜欢完全的极简主义风格，但我的妻子和两个十几岁的孩子不喜欢我那种几乎什么都没有的房子的梦想。我已经试过了。当孩子们还小的时候，我教他们我最喜欢的两个游戏——“我们需要它吗?”和《放回原处》——每隔几个月就让他们演奏一次。他们的热情永远比不上我）可知，家人们对极简主义不那么有激情。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文以及根据最后一段“Ibelieveinlookingahead,notbackward.Nevertheless,sometimesit’shardtoletgo.SoIgentlyplacethejacketonthe“keep”pile.”（我相信向前看，而不是向后看。然而，有时候放手是很难的。所以我轻轻地把夹克放在“保留”那一堆）可知，作者一直坚持极简主义风格，但是在整理过程中也遇到了难以取舍的物品，所以本文围绕着“在收纳过程中知道什么时候放手”的主题展开。“知道什么时候放手”适合做最佳标题。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)Thereareonlyafewtrulypleasantsmellstowakeuptointhemorning.Itmightbethearomaoffreshlybakedbread,orthescentofyourfreshlybrushedteeth—butforme,it’sthesmelloffreshlybrewedcoffee.____16____Ifyou’reabigfanofcoffee,you’llunderstandthatopeninganewpacketofcoffeereleasesanamazingsmell—fresh,roastedcoffeebeans.Delicious!Andifyou’vegotanoseforthestuff,you’llbeabletoidentifythebeans’

9origin-Colombia,VietnamorBrazil—theworld’sbiggestcoffeeproducer.TimHaywardisafoodwriterandcoffeeshopowner.____17____“Whenyouwalkintothecoffeeshopinthemorningandthatsmellhitsyou,you’regettingphysiological(生理上的)responses,”hetoldtheBBC.IknowfromexperiencewhenIwalkintoacaféformydoubleespressoorflatwhite,mymouthbeginstowaterinanticipation.____18____However,thisfeelingsometimesturnstodisappointmentwhenIactuallystartdrinkingmyhotbeverage—thetastejustdoesn’tmatchthesmell..ThisisparticularlythecasewhenIorderacoffeetogoinatallpapercupandsiptheliquidthroughaholeinthelid.____19____TimHaywarddescribesthisprocessas“weird”and“baffling”.Hesays,“Youwalkintothecoffeeshop,yougetthesmell,butwhenyouactuallytakethedrinkout,youaredrinkingitfromsomethingthatisdesignedtodeliverthehotliquiddirectlypastyourtongue,butpreventanysmellcominguptoyournose.”____20____In2011,itwasestimatedthat2.5billioncoffeecupswerethrownawayeachyearintheUK,andthatfigureislikelytobehighernow.Somaybenowisthetimetoreallywakeupandsmellthecoffeebydrinkingfromacupormuginacafé,chattingwithfriendsandsavingtheplanet.A.Hebelievesthesmellisabsolutelyvital.B.Coffeebeans’originmakesallthedifference.C.Inaword,savingourplanetisonthetopofouragenda.D.Yes,it’sconvenient,butisitreallytherightwaytoappreciateit?E.Aswellaseliminatingthesmell,takeawaycoffeecupscreatealotofwaste.F.Althoughit’sthecaffeinehitI’mafter,it’sthesmellthatmakesmefeelgood.G.Justasniffofitmakesmejumpoutofbedandrushtothekitchenforacoffee.【答案】16.G17.A18.F19.D20.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲了早晨醒来，闻到咖啡的香味，喝一杯纯正的咖啡，是一种莫大的享受，但因为外带咖啡的出现，不仅过滤掉了咖啡的香气，还造成了环境污染。【16题详解】上文“Thereareonlyafewtrulypleasantsmellstowakeuptointhemorning.(早晨醒来时真正令人愉快的气味只有几种。)”可知，作者提出“令人愉快的气味”这一概念，下文“butforme,it’sthesmelloffreshlybrewedcoffee.(但对我来说，它是刚煮好的咖啡的香味。)”可以推出，后文是想说咖啡的香味对作者的影响。G项“只要闻一下它的味道，我就会从床上跳起来，冲到厨房去喝咖啡。”与前后文有顺承递进关系。故选G项。

10【17题详解】上文“TimHaywardisafoodwriterandcoffeeshopowner.(蒂姆·海沃德是一位美食作家和咖啡店老板。)”介绍被采访者身份信息，下文“Whenyouwalkintothecoffeeshopinthemorningandthatsmellhitsyou,you’regettingphysiologicalresponses,”hetoldtheBBC.(他在接受BBC采访时表示：“当你早上走进咖啡店，闻到咖啡的香味时，你会产生生理反应。)”可以推出，空处需要填的是蒂姆·海沃德对于咖啡香气的观点——非常重要，因为闻到了咖啡香味甚至会产生生理反应。A项“他认为气味是绝对重要的。”符合文意，且选项中的“He”对应前文TimHayward。故选A项。【18题详解】上文“IknowfromexperiencewhenIwalkintoacaféformydoubleespressoorflatwhite,mymouthbeginstowaterinanticipation.(根据我的经验，当我走进咖啡厅去点双份浓缩咖啡或馥芮白的时候，我就会因为期待而开始流口水。)”可知，作者“根据自己的经验”指的是会因为咖啡的香味走进一家咖啡店，并且作者一般会点一些重咖啡因的无糖咖啡，并且会因为闻到了气味而感到期待。F项“虽然我追求的是咖啡因，但让我感觉良好的是它的味道。”对前文有总结作用。故选F项。【19题详解】上文“ThisisparticularlythecasewhenIorderacoffeetogoinatallpapercupandsiptheliquidthroughaholeinthelid.(当我点了一杯装在高纸杯里的咖啡，然后通过杯盖上的一个洞喝咖啡时，这种情况尤其明显。)”可知，作者发现用咖啡杯喝咖啡最容易感到失望，下文“TimHaywarddescribesthisprocessas“weird”and“baffling”.(蒂姆•海沃德将这一过程描述为“怪异”和“令人困惑”。)”和“youaredrinkingitfromsomethingthatisdesignedtodeliverthehotliquiddirectlypastyourtongue,butpreventanysmellcominguptoyournose.”(你喝的是某种设计好的东西，它能让热液体直接经过你的舌头，但防止任何气味进入你的鼻子。”)”用蒂姆·海沃德解释了作者发现的这一现象。由此可以推出，空处需要填一句话将上下文段联系在一起。D项“是的，这很方便，但这真的是欣赏咖啡的正确方式吗？”符合文意，选项中“it”指的是用咖啡杯喝咖啡很方便。故选D项。【20题详解】上文“youaredrinkingitfromsomethingthatisdesignedtodeliverthehotliquiddirectlypastyourtongue,butpreventanysmellcominguptoyournose.”(你喝的是某种设计好的东西，它能让热液体直接经过你的舌头，但防止任何气味进入你的鼻子。”)”可知，咖啡杯会过滤掉咖啡的香气，下文“In2011,itwasestimatedthat2.5billioncoffeecupswerethrownawayeachyearintheUK,andthatfigureislikelytobehighernow.Somaybenowisthetimetoreallywakeupandsmellthecoffeebydrinkingfromacupormuginacafé,chattingwithfriendsandsavingtheplanet.(

11据估计，英国每年有二十五亿个咖啡杯被扔掉，而现在这个数字可能更高。所以，也许现在是时候真正清醒过来，在咖啡厅里用杯子或马克杯喝咖啡，和朋友聊天，拯救地球。)”讲的是咖啡杯对环境造成的影响。故空处需要承上启下。E项“外带咖啡杯除了会减去咖啡的味道之外，还会造成大量浪费。”对前文有总结作用，对后文有启下作用。故选E项。第二部分：语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)IknewIwasnotsupposedtobequitesoexcited．Iwastoo____21____forthat.Atageeleven,theoldestandmymom’s“grownup”girl,Ihadtokeepmycalm.Iwasinmiddleschoolafterall.ButeverychanceIgot,whenIwas____22____,Icheckedeachpresentunderthetree.Ireadeverytag(标签)and____23____everypackage,guessingatthecontentswithin.IhadexaminedeachgiftsooftenthatIcouldtellwhichpresentwenttowhichperson____24____lookingatthetags.Ithadbeena(n)____25____yearformyfamily.Whenevermymomlookedoveratthetreeandscatteredpresents,shewouldsighandtellus,“Therewon’tbeasmuchforChristmasthisyear.Trynottobedisappointed.”Christmashad____26____abeenatimeformyparentstospoil(宠爱)us.Inyearspast,thepresentswouldoccupythelivingroom.Ihadheardthephrase“givingisbetterthanreceiving”,butgettingpresentswasthewhole____27____!ItwasthereasonIcouldn’tgotosleeponChristmasEve.OnChristmasmorning,weeagerlywaitedinthehallwayuntilDadtolduseverythingwasready.Werushedintothelivingroomandhadtowaitand____28____whileotherfamilymembersopenedtheirpresents,butasthetimepassedwelostour____29____.“Here’sanotheroneforyou,”saidMomasshehandedmeapackage.Ilookedatit,____30____.HavingspentsomuchtimeexaminingthepresentsbeforeChristmas,I____31____thisone.Itwasformymom!Itwasablowdryer.____32____thismayseemonlyasimplegift,tomeitwassomuchmore.But,inmyworld,wherereceivingwasmoreimportantthangiving,mymom’sactofselflessnesswasdifficultto____33____.Ithoughtindisbeliefabouthowmuchmymommustlovemetodothat.IhavealwaysrememberedthatChristmaswithaffection.Asanadultwithchildren,Icannowseemymomwasfindinganevengreater____34____inherChristmasbecausegivingtrulyisbetterthanreceiving.Tome,Mymom’ssimpleact____35____theworld.21.A.busyB.shyC.oldD.simple22.A.aloneB.boredC.curiousD.energetic23.A.toreB.feltC.smeltD.held24.A.byB.withoutC.regardlessofD.insteadof25.A.goldenB.ordinaryC.toughD.peaceful26.A.traditionallyB.graduallyC.additionallyD.confidentially

1227.A.planB.pointC.processD.picture28.A.watchB.screamC.complainD.laugh29.A.self-doubtB.self-confidenceC.self-controlD.self-support30.A.disappointedB.embarrassedC.stressedD.confused31.A.adoredB.recognizedC.ignoredD.claimed32.A.IfB.SinceC.UnlessD.While33.A.predictB.performC.understandD.confirm34.A.joyB.challengeC.influenceD.role35.A.meantB.savedC.helpedD.surprised【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.B25.C26.A27.B28.A29.C30.D31.B32.D33.C34.A35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了某一年，作者家中艰难，母亲把自己的圣诞礼物给了作者，让作者明白了给予真的比接受更好。母亲无私的行为对作者来说意义重大。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我年纪太大了，不适合这么做了。A.busy忙碌的；B.shy害羞的；C.old老的；D.simple简单的。根据后文“Atageeleven,theoldestandmymom’s“grownup“girl,Ihadtokeepmycalm.(11岁时，我最大，也是妈妈的“成年”女儿，我必须保持冷静)”可知，作者认为自己已经大了，不适合太兴奋。故选C。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但只要有机会，当我一个人的时候，我就会检查树下的每一件礼物。A.alone独自的；B.bored厌倦的；C.curious好奇的；D.energetic精力充沛的。上文提到作者认为自己必须保持冷静，所以选择独自去做这件事，好不让妈妈发现。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我读着每一个标签，摸着每一个包裹，猜测里面的东西。A.tore撕开；B.felt感觉；C.smelt闻起来；D.held持有。根据后文“everypackage,guessingatthecontentswithin”可知，作者靠摸索来猜测里面是什么礼物。故选B。【24题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：我经常检查每一份礼物，所以不用看标签就能知道哪份礼物是送给谁的。A.by借助；B.without没有；C.regardlessof不管；D.insteadof而不是。根据上文“Ihadexaminedeachgiftsooften”可知，因为频繁检查，作者非常熟悉这些礼物，所以不用看标签就能知道哪份礼物是送给谁的。without

13表示“没有，不用”符合语境。故选B。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我们家来说，那是艰难的一年。A.golden金色的；B.ordinary普通的；C.tough艰难的；D.peaceful和平的。根据后文“Therewon’tbeasmuchforChristmasthisyear.Trynottobedisappointed.(今年的圣诞节就没有那么多了。尽量不要失望)”可知，圣诞节没有很多礼物，推测家中艰难。故选C。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：传统上，圣诞节是父母宠爱我们的日子。A.traditionally传统地；B.gradually逐渐地；C.additionally此外；D.confidentially秘密地。根据后文“Inyearspast,thepresentswouldoccupythelivingroom.(在过去，礼物会占据整个客厅)”可知，作者家中传统上，圣诞节是父母宠爱孩子们的日子。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我听说过“送比收好”这句话，但买礼物才是重点！A.plan计划；B.point关键点，重点；C.process程序；D.picture图片。根据上文“butgettingpresentswasthewhole”中but表示转折，说明买礼物才是节日的重点。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们冲进客厅，等着看其他家庭成员打开他们的礼物，但随着时间的推移，我们失去了自制。A.watch观看；B.scream尖叫；C.complain投诉；D.laugh笑。根据后文“whileotherfamilymembersopenedtheirpresents”可知，孩子们等着看其他家庭成员打开他们的礼物，故选A。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们冲进客厅，等着看其他家庭成员打开他们的礼物，但随着时间的推移，我们失去了自制。A.self-doubt自我怀疑；B.self-confidence自信；C.self-control自制；D.self-support自我支持。孩子们都希望收到自己的礼物，所以等着看其他家庭成员打开他们的礼物，但随着时间的推移，逐渐失去了自制。故选C。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我困惑地看着它。A.disappointed失望的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.stressed紧张的；D.confused困惑的。根据后文“Itwasformymom!”可知这份礼物是给妈妈的，所以作者一开始感到困惑。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在圣诞节前花了那么多时间检查礼物之后，我认出了这一件。A.adored喜爱；B.recognized认出；C.ignored忽视；D.claimed声称。根据后文“Itwasformymom!

14”可知作者认出了这是给妈妈的礼物。故选B。【32题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然这看起来只是一份简单的礼物，但对我来说，它有更多的意义。A.If如果；B.Since自从；C.Unless除非；D.While虽然，当……时候。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用while。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，在我的世界，接受比给予更重要，我母亲的无私行为是难以理解的。A.predict预测；B.perform表演；C.understand理解；D.confirm确认。根据上文“inmyworld,wherereceivingwasmoreimportantthangiving,mymom’sactofselflessnesswasdifficultto”可知，作者认为，接受比给予更重要，所以母亲的无私行为是难以理解的。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个有孩子的成年人，我现在可以看到我的母亲在她的圣诞节中找到了更大的快乐，因为给予真的比接受更好。A.joy快乐；B.challenge挑战；C.influence影响；D.role角色。根据后文“becausegivingtrulyisbetterthanreceiving”可知母亲从给予中得到了快乐。故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，我妈妈简单的举动意味着整个世界。A.meant意味着；B.saved拯救；C.helped帮助；D.surprised使惊讶。根据上文“Tome,Mymom’ssimpleact”可知，妈妈简单的举动对作者来说，意味着整个世界，即意义重大。故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Signlanguageisasystemofcommunicatingwithpeoplewhocannothear,byusinghandmovementsratherthanspokenwords._____36_____signlanguagesarethrivingshouldbewelcomedformanyreasons,includingthecognitivebenefitsthatlearningthem_____37_____(bring).Severalstudieshavefoundthatdeafpeoplewholearnsignlanguagesperformbetterintasks_____38_____(require)spatialtransformationabilitieswhichyoumightuse_____39_____youtakedowndirections.Spaceisanimportantpartofthegrammarofasignlanguage,withverbs,nounsandpronounsusingthespacein_____40_____theyarelocatedaspartoftheirmeaning.Learningasignlanguagecanbeenlightening(启迪心智的),too.Inayear-longstudyofpreschoolchildren,deafchildrenwhowerelearningASLattaineda_____41_____(great)appreciationofculturaldiversity,asdeterminedviaclassroomobservationsandinterviews.Signlanguagestodayarerichwithcommunitiesandculture.Upuntilthe1980s.manydeafpeople_____42_____(essential)hadtoexistinthe19thcentury:notelephones,noradio,notelevision.Butinmany

15countries,socialclubs,networksandadvocacygroupsfordeafsignershavegivenriseto_____43_____diverserangeofvernaculars(本地话)._____44_____theinternetandsocialmediaplatformslikeInstagramandTikTok,content______45______(create)arenowsharingthesewiththeworld,bringingawarenessandrespect-andincreasedinterestinlearningtheselanguages.【答案】36.That37.brings38.requiring39.when40.which41.greater42.essentially43.a44.On45.creators【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了手语是一种用手势而不是口头语言与听不见的人交流的系统。手语的蓬勃发展应该受到欢迎，原因有很多，包括学习手语带来的认知益处。【36题详解】考查连词。句意：手语是一种用手势而不是口头语言与听不见的人交流的系统。手语的蓬勃发展应该受到欢迎，原因有很多，包括学习手语带来的认知益处。分析句子可知，此处为连接词that引导的主语从句，连词that在从句中不作成分，无意义，只充当连接词的作用，满足句子结构。故填That。【37题详解】考查动词。句意：手语是一种用手势而不是口头语言与听不见的人交流的系统。手语的蓬勃发展应该受到欢迎，原因有很多，包括学习手语带来的认知益处。分析句子可知，此处为that引导的定语从句中谓语动词的填入，从句动名词learningthem作主语为单数形式，结合文章时态可知，为一般现在时。故填brings。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一些研究发现，学习手语的聋人在需要空间转换能力的任务中表现得更好，你可能会在记下方向时用到这种能力。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词中的现在分词作后置定语修饰名词tasks，tasks和require为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式表主动。故填requiring。【39题详解】考查连词。句意：一些研究发现，学习手语的聋人在需要空间转换能力的任务中表现得更好，你可能会在记下方向时用到这种能力。分析句子可知，此处为连词when引导的时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”，满足句意要求。故填when。【40题详解】

16考查连词。句意：空间是手语语法的重要组成部分，动词、名词和代词使用它们所在的空间作为其意义的一部分。分析句子可知，此处为介词in+关系代词which相当于关系副词where引导的定语从句，先行词space在从句中作状语成分。故填which。【41题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：在一项为期一年的学龄前儿童研究中，通过课堂观察和访谈确定，学习美国手语的聋哑儿童对文化多样性有了更大的理解。根据句意可知，此处为形容词的比较级greater“更大的”，满足句意要求。故填greater。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：很多聋人基本上都是在19世纪才存在的：没有电话，没有收音机，没有电视。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词essentially修饰动词exist。故填essentially。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：但在许多国家，为聋人签名者设立的社交俱乐部、网络和倡导团体已经产生了各种各样的方言。分析句子可知，此处arangeof“一系列的”为固定短语，满足句意要求。故填a。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：在互联网和社交媒体平台上，如Instagram和TikTok，内容创造者现在与世界分享这些语言，带来了意识和尊重，并增加了学习这些语言的兴趣。分析句子可知，此处ontheplatform“在平台上”为固定短语。故填On。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：在互联网和社交媒体平台上，如Instagram和TikTok，内容创造者现在与世界分享这些语言，带来了意识和尊重，并增加了学习这些语言的兴趣。根据句意以及are可知，此处为复数名词creators“创造者”作主语，满足句意要求。故填creators。第三部分：写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter下周二要参加学校辩论队的面试，他来信征求你的建议。请你写封回信，内容包括：1.写信目的；2.提出建议。注意：1.词数在100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。参考词汇：辩论队debateteam

17________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearPeter,I’mgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingforadviceontheinterviewforthedebateteam.I’mwritingtoremindyouofhowtoprepareforit.Ithinkyouneedtoreadmorebooksaboutthebasictheoryofdebating.Itcanhelpyouconsolidatethefoundationofyourknowledgeanditcanalsoshowthemyourpassion.Additionally,wearingsomethingformalcanmakeyoustandoutamongthecandidatesandimpresstheinterviewersgreatly.Atlast,youshouldtrytosmilemoreduringtheinterviewandbeconfident.Ihopemyhumbleproposalscouldbepracticalandhelpful.Ihopetohearfromyouaboutyourgoodnewssoon!YoursLiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Peter写一封回信，给他参加学校辩论队的面试提出相关建议。【详解】1.词汇积累收到：receive→get巩固：consolidate→strengthen使印象深刻：impress→leaveadeepimpressionon建议：proposal→advice/suggestion2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Ithinkyouneedtoreadmorebooksaboutthebasictheoryofdebating.Itcanhelpyouconsolidatethefoundationofyourknowledgeanditcanalsoshowthemyourpassion.拓展句：Ithinkyouneedtoreadmorebooksaboutthebasictheoryofdebating,whichcanhelpyouconsolidatethefoundationofyourknowledgeanditcanalsoshowthemyourpassion.

18【点睛】【高分句型1】Ithinkyouneedtoreadmorebooksaboutthebasictheoryofdebating.（运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句）【高分句型2】Additionally,wearingsomethingformalcanmakeyoustandoutamongthecandidatesandimpresstheinterviewersgreatly.（运用了动名词做主语）第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。IlovetoplaythepianoandIgreatlyenjoyperformingmysongs,sowhentheannualwinterrecitalwascanceled,Iwasdisappointed.Ihadlookedforwardtoitforalongtimeandhadalreadypreparedtwoofmybestsongs.Mymomhadawonderfulidea,however,toturnthisdisappointingletdownintosomethingworthwhile.“YoucanperformyoursongsatCarriageHouseSeniorLiving,”mymomsuggestedbrightly.“I’msuretheseniorstherewhodonothavefamiliesvisitthemthatoften,wouldreallyappreciatethemusicandyoucouldplaymorethanjusttwosongs.”Iimmediatelythoughtthiswasagreatidea.OneofthethingsIdidnotlikeabouttherecitalswasthatIwaslimitedtoplayingjustacoupleofsongs.PlayingthepianoatCarriageHouseseemedlikeawin-winsituationbecausenotonlywouldIgettoplaymoresongs,butIwouldalsohavethechancetocheeruptheresidentstherewithsomelivelytunes.MymomcalledCarriageHouseandmadearrangementsformetoperform.Inthecomingdays,IworkedespeciallyhardtopolishupfifteenpiecesthatIthoughtthecrowdwouldenjoy,includingmanyoldclassics.Whenthemuch-anticipateddayfinallyarrived,myfamilyandIdrovetoCarriageHouse.Walkingthroughtheenormousdoubledoors,westeppedintoanentrywaythatoverlookedthespaciousgranddiningroom.Rightattheentrancetothediningroomstoodthepianoasifitwerejustwaitingtomakesomemusictoliventheplaceupabit.Atnearlyeverytableseveralgray-hairedwomenormenwereseatedenjoyingtheirdinnerandthecompanythatthecrowdedroomprovided.Despitetheconversationsgoingonatvarioustablesthough,isolationhunglikeadarkcloudintheroom.Almostimmediately,weweregreetedbyanoldwomanwithawalkerwhointroducedherselfasPhyllisinchargeofCarriageHouse.Shewelcomedmeandledmetothestage.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。AsIsatdownonthebench,Ipressedakeyonthepianoandwassurprisedtohearnosound.

19______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________NervousnessmeltedawayandIstartedtoenjoytheperformancewiththeold.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】AsIsatdownonthebench,Ipressedakeyonthepianoandwassurprisedtohearnosound.Feelingasifthewholeworldwaswatchingme,Iwasstruckdeadwithembarrassment.HowcouldIperformthesongwithoutthepiano?IwasonpinsandneedleswhenPhyllisslowlymadeherwaytothefrontofthecrowdofdinnersandannouncedinacomfortingtone,“Thisgirlhascometosingforusbutthepianoseemstobealittlenervous.”Almostimmediately,therewasscatteredapplauseandseveralpeoplesteppedforwardtohelpmepluginthepianoandsetthemicrophone.Witheverythingready,Itookadeepbreathandcommencedmyperformance.NervousnessmeltedawayandIstartedtoenjoytheperformancewiththeold.Onewomangotupandbegantoanimatedlydanceabouttheroom.Someofthepeopleswayedintheirchairstothebeatofthemusicwhileotherstappedtheirstoes.Theperformanceendedupwithastormofapplausefromthecrowd.IrealizedthatitwasfarbetterthanapianorecitalbecausealmosteveryoneseemedtotrulyappreciatemymusicandI’mproudthatIhavethepowertospreadkindnesstothem.Itendedupbeingablessingindisguisethattherecitalwascanceled,leadingtomesharingthegiftofmusicwiththosewhoneededitmost.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者喜欢弹钢琴，也非常喜欢表演自己的歌曲，所以当年度冬季独奏会被取消时，作者很失望。然而，妈妈提议去CarriageHouse为老年人表演时，作者欣然同意并为之积极的做准备。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“当我坐在长凳上时，我按下了钢琴的一个键，奇怪的是没有听到任何声音。”可知，第一段可描写作者表演时发现钢琴没有声音的内心的紧张以及问题解决后大家对作者的鼓励。由第二段首句内容“紧张的情绪消失了，我开始喜欢上了和老人一起的表演。”可知，第二段可描写作者的演奏给老人带来的快乐和作者的感受。2.续写线索：演出时钢琴出问题——紧张不已——老人鼓励——紧张消失——融入音乐——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①表演：perform/show②.宣布：announce/declare

20情绪类①.尴尬：embarrassment/awkward②.紧张的：nervous/intense/beonpinsandneedles【点睛】[高分句型1].IwasonpinsandneedleswhenPhyllisslowlymadeherwaytothefrontofthecrowdofdinnersandannouncedinacomfortingtone（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）[高分句型2]Irealizedthatitwasfarbetterthanapianorecitalbecausealmosteveryoneseemedtotrulyappreciatemymusic.（运用了由关系代词that引导的宾语从句）

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