江苏省南京市南京市第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期期中考试英语 Word版含解析

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南京一中2022～2023学年高三第一学期期中考试试卷英语试题本试卷分为第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分第一部分:听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有5秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?A.Themanhatestolendhistoolstootherpeople.B.Themanhasn’tfinishedworkingonthebookshelf.C.Themanlostthosetools.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Simon,couldyoureturnthetoolsIlentyouforbuildingthebookshelflastmonth?M:Oh,well,Ihatetotellyouthis,butIcan’tseemtofindthem.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hedoesn’tlikehisjob.B.Hewillnotgiveuphisjob.C.Hehasalargefamilytosupport.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Well,yousaidyoudidn’tcareverymuchforyourjob.Haveyoueverythoughtofgivingitup?M:Notreally.YouseeIhavealotoffriendsintheoffice.I’mpartofthefamilythere.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What’stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Classmates.B.Teachersandstudents.C.Headmasterandteachers.【答案】B

1【解析】【原文】M:Hi,MissGreen.Sorry,IfailedyoursubjectagainbutIreallytriedmybest.W:Nooneissuretosucceedeverytime.Cheerup,youngman.Youwillhavemorechances.M:Thankyou,MissGreen.I’lltryhardernexttime.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whoisworriedaboutgainingweight?A.Theson.B.AuntLouise.C.Themother.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Idon’tknowhowyoucaneatsomuchyetneverputonanyweight,son.Yourfather’sgotthesameluck.Ican’ttakeabitewithoutcalculatinghowmanycaloriesIamtaking.M:ButrememberAuntLouise,Mom?Sheatealotandnevergainedapound.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoesn’tthewomanbuythecoat?A.Itisexpensive.B.Thereisn’thersize.C.Shedoesn’tlikethecolor.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Don’tyoulikethecoatyoujusttriedon?W:Well,Ilikethecolorandfabric.M:Anditisreallyniceandreasonablypriced.W:YesIwouldhaveboughtitrightawayiftheyhadhaditinmysize.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatisthewomanprobably?A.Ahotelclerk.B.AhouseagentC.Ashopassistant.7.Whatisthepillowfilledwith?A.Cotton.B.Driedflowers.C.Aspecialmaterial.

2【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】M:Canyoudescribetheroomtome,please?W:Certainly.Let’ssee,firstthere’sabigdoublebed,andofcoursethere’satelephonebythebed,andyouhavetheradioalarmnexttothat.Thenthere’saTV…M:Oh,well,arethebedsheetschangedeveryday?W:Yes.They’rechangedeveryday.Andinfactthepillowsarefilledwithaspecialmaterialinsteadofcotton,whichcanhelpyoufallasleep.M:I’mallergictoflowers.W:I’msurethey’renotdriedflowers.ButI’msorryIcan’trememberthename.M:Well,thatseemstobejustfine.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatkindofskillsdoesthewomannothave?A.Operatingcomputers.B.Doingbusiness.C.Typing.9.Whichcompanydidthewomanworkin?A.Atradingcompanyandatrustcompany.B.Atrustcompany.C.Atradingcompany.【答案】8.B9.A【解析】【原文】M:Tellmeaboutyourselfandyourpastexperience.W:Ihaveworkedasanexecutivesecretaryfor5years,firstforatradingcompany,thenatrustcompany.M:Howfastcanyoutype?W:Icantype100Chinesewordsperminuteand150Englishwordsaminute.M:Canyouoperatecomputersskillfully?W:Yes,Ican.Ihavereceivedsomespecialtrainingincomputers.BesidesIamgoodatoperatingcommonofficemachineslikefax.M:Sometimesweareverybusyandneedtoworkovertime.Howdoyoufeelaboutthat?

3W:CouldyoutellmehowoftenandhowmanyhoursIshouldworkovertime?M:Itjustdepends.Ifwehaveimportantvisitingdelegations,youhavetostaywithus.It’snotunusual.W:That’sallright.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.What’swrongwiththewoman’smother?A.Shehasbeensick.B.Shemissesherfamilyandfriends.C.Shecan’tearnenoughtosupportherfamily.11.Wheredoesthewomanlive?A.InAmerica.B.InIndia.C.InBritain.12.Whatdoesthewomanplantodonextyear?A.Studyanewlanguage.B.TraveltoIndia.C.Visitherfather’snativecountry.【答案】10.B11.A12.B【解析】【详解】M:Hi.Asha.Isyourmotherfeelinganybetter?W:No.I'mafraidnot.She'sveryhomesick.ShemissesherfamilyandfriendsbackinIndia.M:DoyouthinkshewillevermovebacktoIndia?W:I'mnotsure.It'sverydifficultforher,becausemyfatherandmysistersalllivehereinCalifornia,soshedoesn'twanttoleaveusM:DoessheevergotovisitherfamilyinIndia?W:Shegoesbackonceayeartovisitherfamilyandfriends.Butwhenshe'sinIndia,shemissesherfamilyintheUnitedStates.M:Itmustbeveryhardforher,toalwaysbetornbetweentwoplaces.W:Yes,itis.Andshe'salwaystellingusnottoforgetourIndianculture.So,nextyear,mysistersandIareplanningontravelingtoIndiawithherforafewmonths,sothatwecanallexperiencetheculturetogetherM:Ithinkthat'sawonderfulidea.She'llbesohappy!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

413.HowmanyEconomicslectureswillthemanattendeveryweek?A.Fivetimes,fromMondaytoFriday.B.Twotimes,onThursdayandFriday.C.Twotimes,onTuesdayandThursday.14.Whydidthemanmissthemeetingforthenewstudentsyesterday?A.Becausehehadn’treceivedanynoticeaboutthatmeeting.B.Becausehehadtoattendthegroupdiscussion.C.Becausehehadtodosomeparttimejobsyesterday.15.Ifastudentwantstoearnthescholarship,whatistherequiredattendancerate?A.80%.B.90%.C.100%.16.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrueaccordingtotheconversation?A.Themanisafreshmanintheuniversity.B.Themanhastoworkafterschool.C.Themanthinksthetimeofthelectureistooearly.【答案】13.C14.A15.B16.C【解析】【原文】M:Hello,I’manewstudentonEconomics.CanIknowsomeinformationaboutthecourses?W:Well,Ilectureonthatprogram.Whatdoyouneedtoknow?M:I’dliketoknowhowmanylecturesaweekIhavetoattend?W:Twolecturesaweek,onTuesdayandThursday.Besides,there’sonegroupdiscussioneveryFriday.M:Sowhattime?W:Letmesee…Youshouldhaveknownthisinformationyesterday,atthemeetingforthenewstudents.M:Oh,wasthereameetingyesterday?Ididn’tknowaboutthat…noonementioned…W:Nevermind.Nowlecturesareatfourintheafternoon.M:Four’sbitlate.I’vegotaparttimejobthatstartsatfourthirty.W:Well,butattendanceatlecturesisnecessary.Weexpectatleast80%attendanceatthisuniversity,youknow.M:80%!That’shigh.W:ButI’mafraidyouhavetomeetthatrequirement,otherwise,youcan’tgetenoughcreditstograduate.Andwhat’smore,ifyouwanttoearnthescholarship,90%attendancerateoraboveisamust.M:Ok,Isee.Thankyouforyourinformation.W:You’rewelcome.

5听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Howlonghasthespeakerlivedinabigcity?A.Oneyear.B.Tenyears.C.Eighteenyears.18.Whatisthespeaker’sopiniononpublictransport?A.It’scomfortable.B.It’stime-saving.C.It’scheap.19.Whatisgoodaboutlivinginasmalltown?A.It’ssafer.B.It’shealthier.C.It’smoreconvenient.20.Whatkindoflifedothespeakersseemtolikemost?A.Busy.B.Colorful.C.Quiet.【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.B【解析】【原文】IgrewupinasmalltownuntilIwas18andthenmovedtoabigcity,soIhaveexperiencedthegoodandbadsidesofboth.IneverthoughtthatIwouldlikelivinginabigcity,butIwaswrong.Aftertenyearsoflivinginone,Ican’timagineeverlivinginasmalltownagain.Surelysmalltownsandbigcitiesbothhavesomeproblemsintermsoftransport.Inasmalltown,youhavetoownacartomakelifecomfortable.Youcan’tgetaroundwithoutonebecausethereisn’tanykindofpublictransport.Bigcitiesgenerallyhaveheavytrafficandexpensiveparking,butthereyouhaveachoiceoftakingpublictransport,whichischeaperthandriving.So,ifyoudon’thaveacar,you’dbetterliveinthecity.Ialsolovetheexcitinglifeinbigcities.Icanalwaysenjoyalotoffilms,concerts,andotherwonderfulshows.However,thesethingsarenotcommoninsmalltowns.ThefinalthingIlikeaboutlargecitiesisthatyoucanmeetdifferentkindsofpeople.Ithinkthatlivinginanareawhereeveryonewasjustlikemewouldquicklybecomedull.Ofcourse,safetyshouldbeconsidered,andthat’soneareawheresmalltownsarebetterthanbigcities.Still,Iwouldratherbeabitmorecarefulandliveinalargecitythantofeelsafebutdull.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)ARealHotelsFeaturedinMoviesTimberlineLodgeFeaturedin:TheShiningLocatedonthesouthsideofMountHood,Oregon,TimberlineLodgewasusedforsomeshotsofthe

6fictionalOverlookHotelinthis1980horrorfilm,basedonStephenKing’sbest-sellingnovel.HotelmanagementaskeddirectorStanleyKubricknottoshowroom217(featuredclearlyinthebook),concernedthatfutureguestswouldavoidstayingthere.Anonexistentroomnumber237wasusedinstead.Surprisingly,room217isnowrequestedmorethananyotherroom.ParkHyattTokyoFeaturedin:LostinTranslationLocatedinthelivelyShinjukudistrict(地区),ParkHyattTokyoisaprimarysettingforSofiaCoppola’sfilmLostinTranslation.TakeadrinkattheNewYorkBaronthehotel'stopfloor(whereBillMurray’sBobHarrisspendsmostofhisevenings)andenjoywonderful360-degreeviewsofthecityandMountFuji.JuvetLandscapeHotelFeaturedin:ExMachinaThissci-fithrillertakesplaceattheremoteultra-modernhomeoftechcompanyCEONathanBateman,theinventorofahighlyadvancedhumanoidrobot.HisamazinghouseisactuallytheJuvetLandscapeHotelinValldalen,Norway.Designedtoblendinwith(与……协调)theenvironment,thehotel’sroomsfeaturenaturalmaterialsandfloor-to-ceilingglasswindows.ThePlazaHotelFeaturedin:HomeAlone2:LostinNewYorkAfteraccidentallyboardingaflighttoNewYorkwhiletherestofhisfamilyheadstoFlorida,10-year-oldKevinMcCallisterchecksintothePlazaHotel.Forthe25thanniversaryofHomeAlone2,thehotelisofferingaspecial“LiveLikeKevin”package,whichincludesanover-the-topicecreamsundaedeliveredtoyourroom.ThePlazaHotelhasbeenfeaturedinseveralotherfilms,includingNorthbyNorthwest,SleeplessinSeattleandTheGreatGatsby.21.WhywasStanleyKubrickrequiredtouseroomnumber237?A.Forsafetyconcerns.B.Forwelfareconcerns.C.Foraculturalreason.D.Foraneconomicreason.22.Whichhotelshouldyouchooseifyouwanttoenjoyamountainview?A.ThePlazaHotel.B.ParkHyattTokyo.C.TimberlineLodge.D.JuvetLandscapeHotel.23.HowisthePlazaHoteldifferentfromtheotherthreehotels?A.Itislocatedinabigcity.B.Ithasbranchesallovertheworld.

7C.Ithasappearedinmorethanonefilm.D.Itisdesignedinharmonywithnature.【答案】21.D22.B23.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章向读者介绍了在电影中出现的现实中的真实酒店。【21题详解】推理判断题。由第一段中的“HotelmanagementaskeddirectorStanleyKubricknottoshowroom217(featuredclearlyinthebook),concernedthatfutureguestswouldavoidstayingthere.Anonexistentroomnumber237wasusedinstead.(酒店管理层要求主管StanleyKubrick（不要展示217号房间（书中有明确说明），担心未来的客人会避免住在那里。取而代之的是不存在的237号房间)”可知，因为217号房间在小说中有明确说明，酒店管理层害怕未来的客人不住，不住就赚不到钱。由此可知，用237号房间代替是因为经济原因。故选D项。【22题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“TakeadrinkattheNewYorkBaronthehotel'stopfloor(whereBillMurray’sBobHarrisspendsmostofhisevenings)andenjoywonderful360-degreeviewsofthecityandMountFuji.(在酒店顶层的纽约酒吧（BillMurray的BobHarris晚上大部分时间都在这里度过）喝上一杯，欣赏城市和富士山的360度美景)”可知，在ParkHyattTokyo可以欣赏到山景。故选B项。【23题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“LocatedonthesouthsideofMountHood,Oregon,TimberlineLodgewasusedforsomeshotsofthefictionalOverlookHotelinthis1980horrorfilm,basedonStephenKing’sbest-sellingnovel.(坐落在俄勒冈州胡德山南边的“TimberlineLodge”在这部1980年根据斯蒂芬·金的畅销小说改编的恐怖片中被用来拍摄虚构的OverlookHotel)”，第二段中的“LocatedinthelivelyShinjukudistrict(地区),ParkHyattTokyoisaprimarysettingforSofiaCoppola'sfilmLostinTranslation.(位于热闹的新宿区，ParkHyattTokyo是SofiaCoppola电影《迷失在翻译》的主要拍摄地)”，第三段中的“Thissci-fithrillertakesplaceattheremote,ultra-modernhomeoftechcompanyCEONathanBateman,theinventorofahighlyadvancedhumanoidrobot.HisamazinghouseisactuallytheJuvetLandscapeHotelinValldalen,Norway.(这部科幻惊悚片发生在科技公司首席执行官NathanBateman的一个偏僻、超现代的家中，他发明了一种高度先进的人形机器人。他令人惊叹的房子实际上是位于挪威的JuvetLandscapeHotel)”和最后一段中的“ThePlazaHotelhasbeenfeaturedinseveralotherfilms,includingNorthbyNorthwest,SleeplessinSeattleandTheGreatGatsby.(ThePlazaHotel也曾在其他几部电影中出现过，包括《西北偏北》、《西雅图不眠之夜》和《了不起的盖茨比》)”可知，ThePlazaHotel

8和其他三家酒店的不同之处在于它出现在不止一部电影中，其它三家酒店只出现在一部电影中。故选C项。BI’vebeeninan18-yearlove-haterelationshipwithablackwalnuttree.It’sauniquetree.InlateSeptemberorearlyOctober,fallingfruitsashardasbaseballsthreatentheskulls(头骨)ofyou,yourchildren,yourneighborsandthosethatresidenextdoortothem.UmbrellasintheyardareamustwhiledininginearlyAugust,andasforme,Iwearmybikehelmetwhileworkinginthegarden.Theblackwalnutalsoreleasesachemicalsubstancethroughitsrootsasacompetitivestrategy.It’spoisonoustoseveralcommonplants.TherehavebeenmanynewplantvarietiesthatIbroughthomewithhopesthatmaybetheblackwalnutwouldacceptthem,buttheyfailedtoflourish.Whatdoesworkarenativeplantsthatnaturallygrowinthearea.Nativeplantsareimportanttohavearoundsincetheyprovidebeneficialpollinators(传粉者)likebirds,beesandbutterflieswithseedsandcontributetoahealthyandbiodiverseenvironment.Nativeplantsforthisareaaregenerallyeasytogrow,sotheyexperiencelessstress.HaveIthoughtofgettingridofthisgiantpaininmytinybackyard?Yes,however,gettingridofthistreestandingat50feetwithan87-inchtrunkisnexttoimpossible.It’salsoprotectedunderthelaw.Rightfullyso.Treesareimportanttotheurbanforestandforallofthosethatinhabitit.SometimesIthinkaboutmylifewithouttheblackwalnut.Ican’timagineaspringwithoutthebirdswhoarriveeveryyearandloudlysingtheirsongsbeforedawn.I’dmissfallingasleeponlazyweekendafternoonsasIlookupintoitsleaves.Everyspring,Iwonderwhattheseasonholds:Whatarethechancesofbeingknockedunconsciouswhilebarbecuing?Likeanygoodrelationship,I’llneverbepleased.I’mstuckwiththistree,soI’lllistentoitsneedsandgiveitthespaceitrequires.Inreturn,mywalnutoffersahabitatforwildlifeandareminder.24.Whydoestheauthorwearabikehelmetwhileworkinginthegarden?A.Toprotecttheinjuredskull.B.Topreventherselffromsunburn.C.Toavoidbeinghitbythenuts.D.Toreducethechanceofgettingbittenbybees.25.Whatisthetree’ssurvivalstrategy?A.Itattractsbeneficialpollinators.B.Itletsoutpoisontodriveawaypests.C.Itproducesachemicalfataltosomeplants.D.Itcompetesfornutritionwithsimilarspecies.26WhichofthefollowingDOESN’Taccountfortheauthor’slove-haterelationshipwiththetree?

9A.Thevolumeofitsfruitsmaybringinconvenience.B.Thetreeoutcompetesthenativeplantsinthegarden.C.Thetreeishometonumerousbirdsandothercreatures.D.Thepresenceofthetreetakesupmuchspaceofthegarden.27.Theauthormostprobablygotareminderfromthetreethat________.A.it’sbettertogivethantotakeB.treesandplantshavetheirownwaystoflourishC.evenagoodrelationshipisnotalwaystrouble-freeD.acceptance,insteadofresistance,isthebetterwaytobe【答案】24.C25.C26.B27.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述作者后院的黑胡桃树给他带来困扰，但同时也让作者感到自然的生机。于是，作者学会包容接纳，享受与黑核桃树相伴的生活。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“fallingfruitsashardasbaseballsthreatentheskulls(头骨)ofyou,yourchildren,yourneighborsandthosethatresidenextdoortothem.(掉落的果实会和棒球一样坚硬，可能伤到你、孩子、邻居和那些住在隔壁的人的脑袋。)”可知，作者在果园里劳动时，会佩戴一个自行车头盔，是为了保护头部不会被树上掉落的坚硬果实砸伤，故选C项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theblackwalnutalsoreleasesachemicalsubstancethroughitsrootsasacompetitivestrategy.It’spoisonoustoseveralcommonplants.(作为一种竞争策略，黑胡桃也会通过根部释放一种化学物质。它对几种常见的植物来说是有毒性的。)”可知，黑胡桃树的生存策略就是释放一种对其他一些常见植物物种有毒的物质，以独占生存资源。故选C项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Nativeplantsforthisareaaregenerallyeasytogrow,sotheyexperiencelessstress.(这个地区的原生植物通常很容易生长，所以它们承受的压力较小。)”可知，在这个果园中，黑胡桃树在与当地原生植物的生存竞争中并未占据优势，原生植物长势繁荣，这并非是作者对黑胡桃树又爱又恨的原因之一。故选B项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“HaveIthoughtofgettingridofthisgiantpaininmytinybackyard?Yes,however,gettingridofthistreestandingat50feetwithan87-inchtrunkisnexttoimpossible.(

10我有没有想过摆脱这个小小的后院的大麻烦吗？是的，然而，要摆脱这棵50英尺高、树干只有87英寸的树几乎是不可能的。)”和最后一段“I’mstuckwiththistree,soI’lllistentoitsneedsandgiveitthespaceitrequires.(我就与这棵树相伴，所以我会倾听它的需求，给它所需的空间。)”可知，作者从这棵树身上得到了这样启示：包容接纳，而非抗拒，会让生活更美好。故选D项。C"Tinytubesandfilaments（丝状物）insomeCanadianrockappeartobetheoldestknownfossils，givingnewsupportforsomeideasabouthowlifebegan，"anewstudysays．"Thefeaturesaremineralizedremainsofwhatappeartobebacteriathatlivedsome3.77billionto4.28billionyearsago，"thescientistsaid．ThatwouldbeolderthansomeotherrockfeaturesfoundinGreenland，whichwereconsideredtobethefossilslastAugust．ThenewresultscomefromexaminingrockfoundalongtheeasternshoreofHudsonBayinNorthernQuebec．Thefilamentsandtubes，madeupofironoxidecalledhematite（赤铁矿），appearedwithinarocktypecalledjasper（碧玉）．MatthewDoddofUniversityCollegeLondon，anauthorofthestudypublishedWednesdaybyNature，saidthelivingthingslivedintheseafloorwherewaterwasheatedbyavolcano．"SincethefossilsarenearlyasoldasEarth，whichformedsome4.5billionyearsago，thefindingssupportpreviousindicationsthatlifemayhavebeguninsuchanenvironment，"hesaid．Heandhiscolleaguespresentedseverallinesofevidencetosupporttheideathattinytubesandfilamentsaresignaturesofpastlife．Buttwoexpertswho'vepreviouslyreportedsimilarfindingssaidtheyarenotconvinced．"Iwouldsaytheyarenotfossils，"MartinJ．VanKranendonkoftheUniversityofNewSouthWalesinAustralia，whoreportedtheGreenlandfindingslastyear，wroteinanemail．"Thepaper'sevidenceforabiologicaloriginfallsshort，"hesaid．AbigailAllwood，aNASAgeologist，saidtheauthorshaveproducedoneofthemostdetailedcasesyetmadeforevidenceoflifeinrocksolderthan3.5billionyears．But"It'sanextraordinaryclaimtomakeandyoudoneedextraordinaryevidence，"shesaid．28.WhatdoMatthew，MartinandAbigailhaveincommon？______A.Theyhavebeenstudyingrockfeatures．B.Theyareworkinginthesameuniversity．C.TheyallmadeacontributiontotheGreenlandfindings．D.Theyhavediscoveredtheoldestknownfossilsinthesameplace．

1129.HowdoesMartinfeelaboutthenewstudy？______A.Itconfirmsthebiologicalorigin．B.ItignorestheGreenlandfindings．C.Itneedsmoretoconvincepeople．D.Itsauthorstakeideasandwordsfromhis．30.What'sAbigailAllwood'sattitudetowardMatthew'sfindings？______A.Supporting．B.Disapproving．C.Indifferent．D.Neutral．31.Thenewfindingscanmakepeopleknowsomethingabout______．A.theprocessoffossilformationB.howlifestartedontheearthC.howtoexaminerockandfindfossilsD.howtheearthformedabout4.5billionyearsago【答案】28.A29.C30.D31.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇科教类阅读，主要讲述了一项新研究表明：一些加拿大岩石中的微小管和细丝似乎是已知最古老的化石，为生命开始的一些想法提供了新的支持。但有科学家提出了反对意见,认为他们的证据不充分。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据根据第四段中的"Matthew...anauthorofthestudy",第六段中的"Martin...whoreportedtheGreenlandfindingslastyear"和第七段内容可知,他们三人都在进行岩石地理特征的研究。因此可知，马修，马丁和阿比盖尔的共同点是他们都在研究岩石特征。故选A。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段内容可知,Martin对Matthew他们的发现表达了自己的观点,认为thetubesandfilaments不是化石,说他们证据不足,由此可推知,他认为该研究应提供更多的具有说服力的证据。故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段AbigailAllwood，aNASAgeologist，saidtheauthorshaveproducedoneofthemostdetailedcasesyetmadeforevidenceoflifeinrocksolderthan3.5billionyears．But"It'sanextraordinaryclaimtomakeandyoudoneedextraordinaryevidence，"shesaid．可知，AbigailAllwood既肯定该研究发现的优点,又提出研究人员需要提供更有力的证据来证明该研究发现的正确性与可靠性。由此可知，她对该研究发现持客观的态度，故选D。

12【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段"Tinytubesandfilaments（丝状物）insomeCanadianrockappeartobetheoldestknownfossils，givingnewsupportforsomeideasabouthowlifebegan，"anewstudysays．"（一些加拿大岩石中的微小管和细丝似乎是已知最古老的化石，为生命开始的一些想法提供了新的支持，一项新研究表明说）以及下文可知，新发现可以让人们了解生命在地球上是如何起源的。故选B。【点睛】DAstarathleteatthecollegewhereIworkrecentlystoppedbymyoffice.Aftercommittingafewunforcederrorsduringaweekendmatch,shewasrivenbyself-criticism.“I’matpeakfitness,andIpracticehard.Howisthishappening?”Sheasked.Thisstudentbelievessheshouldbeabletocontroltheoutcomesofherlifebyvirtueofherhardwork.Shehasasensethathoursonthefieldshouldgetherexactlywheresheneedstogo.Manystudentshavesimilarmentality.Whentheywin,theyfeelpowerfulandsmart.Whentheyfail,theyarecrushedbyself-blame.Ifmyachievementsareminetocontrol,theyreason,myfailuresmustbeentirelymyfault,too.Wetalkoftenaboutyoungadultsstrugglingwithfailurebecausetheirparentshaveprotectedthemfromdiscomfort.Butthereissomethingelseatplay:afalsepromisethattheycanachieveanythingiftheyarewillingtoworkforit.Psychologistshavesourcedthisphenomenontoamisapplicationof“mindset”research,whichhasfoundthatpraisingchildrenforeffortwillincreaseacademicperformance.A2018analysisfoundthatwhilepraisingeffortoverabilitymaybenefiteconomicallydisadvantagedstudents,itdoesnotnecessarilyhelpeveryone.OnepossibleexplanationcomesfromSuniyaLuthar,whoarguedinaresearchpaperthatforteensinwealthy,pressure-cookercommunities,“itisnotalackofmotivationandperseverance(毅力)thatisthebigproblem.Instead,itisunhealthyperfectionism,anddifficultywithbackingoffwhentheyshould,whenthedesireforachievementsisoverthetop.”Theypushthemselvesonwardinfaceofimpossiblegoals.A2007studyfoundthatteenswhorefusedtogiveupimpossiblegoalsshowedhigherlevelsofC-reactionprotein,amarkerofsystemicinflammation(全身炎症)linkedtoheartdiseaseandothermedicalconditions.A2014studyshowedaconnectionbetweentheperfectionisttendenciesanddepression.Thecruelrealityisthatyoucandoeverythinginyourpowerandstillfail.Insteadofallowingourkidstobeatthemselvesupwhenthingsdon’tgotheirway,weadultsshouldhelpstudentspursuesuccessinhealthierwaysinpartbyredefiningfailureasafeature,notabug,oflearning.AtSmithCollegewhereIteach,studentsareaskedtoexplorehowsetbacksandmisstepsmadethemstrongerormoreeffective.Wewouldbewisetoremind

13ourkidsthatlifehasawayofsucker-punching(意外打击)uswhenweleastexpectit.It’softenthepeoplewholearntosay“stuffhappens”whogetupthefastest.32Whywasstarathletetrappedbyself-blame?A.Shebrokedownduringthematch.B.Shedidn’ttryherbestinthematch.C.Shebelievedhardworkshouldpayoff.D.Shethoughtsheshouldhavepracticedharder.33.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph5?A.Lackofmotivationandperseveranceleadstoteens’failure.B.Praisingchildrenforeffortincreasesacademicperformance.C.Childrenstrugglewithfailureduetoparents’over-protection.D.Unhealthyperfectionismcausesphysicalandemotionalstress.34.Accordingtotheauthor,adultsshould_________.A.helpstudentslearnfromfailureB.protectstudentsfromdiscomfortC.rewardstudentsfortheirhardworkD.explorethecauseofstudents’failure35.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Effortequalsachievement.B.Motivationisthekeytosuccess.C.Successisnotalwaysundercontrol.D.Effortismoreimportantthanability.【答案】32.C33.D34.A35.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。研究表明“心态”的误用使年青人有了个伪命题：如果他们愿意为之工作，他们就能取得任何成就。但实际并非如此，生活会在最不经意的时候，给你打击，反而是那些经常说“事情会发生”的人站起来得最快。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句““I’matpeakfitness,andIpracticehard.Howisthishappening?”Sheasked.”，第二段开始：“Thisstudentbelievessheshouldbeabletocontroltheoutcomesofherlifebyvirtueofherhardwork.”，这位明星运动员深陷自责，她觉得她足够努力，她能通过努力来控制生活的结果，选项

14C：她相信努力工作就会有回报。题目问明星运动员深陷自责的原因，所以选项C切题，故选C。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段：“Instead,itisunhealthyperfectionism,anddifficultywithbackingoffwhentheyshould,whenthedesireforachievementsisoverthetop.”相反，这是不健康的完美主义，当对成就的渴望超过巅峰时，他们很难在应该退的时候退缩。“A2007studyfoundthatteenswhorefusedtogiveupimpossiblegoalsshowedhigherlevelsofC-reactionprotein,amarkerofsystemicinflammation(全身炎症)linkedtoheartdiseaseandothermedicalconditions.A2014studyshowedaconnectionbetweentheperfectionisttendenciesanddepression.”，2007年和2014年的研究表明拒绝放弃不可能的目标会产生心脏病以及其它医学相关的炎症，抑郁与此有关。选项D：不健康的完美主义会导致身体和情感压力。所以，从第五段可以知道的研究结论是选项D切题，故选D。【34题详解】细节理解题。最后一段：“……weadultsshouldhelpstudentspursuesuccessinhealthierwaysinpartbyredefiningfailureasafeature,notabug,oflearning.”我们成年人应该帮助学生以更健康的方式追求成功，将失败重新定义为学习的一个特征，而不是错误。选项A是要帮助学生从失败中学习，所以选项A切题，故选A。【35题详解】推理判断题。文中作者用了研究结论来说明：“Thecruelrealityisthatyoucandoeverythinginyourpowerandstillfail.”，残酷的现实是，你可以尽你所能，仍然失败。所以可以推测出作者同意的观点是：付出未必总是有回报，选项C：成功并不总是在控制之下。选项C切题，故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。“Ashipinharborissafe,butthatisnotwhatshipsarebuiltfor,”saidJohnA.Shedd,anearly20thcenturyauthor.Throughout’theCovid-19,we’veallbecomeusedtoassessingriskinnewways.We’vecometounderstand,thoughwecannevergetridofriskaltogether,wehavegreatpowertomakechoicesbothlargeandsmalltoprotectourselves.____36____Itstopsusfromsteppingoutsideofourcomfortzonesandtryingnewthings.Developmentalpsychologiststalkabout“positiverisks”—sociallyacceptablerisksthatourlivescanbenefitfrom.____37____Butwhataboutthese,whodevelopintoadults?Researchershavefoundthathappinessforolderadultsisbeingabletochoosehowtheyspendtheirtime,includingwaysthatareadventurous,newandeven-likehikingorotheroutdooractivities—mildlyrisky.Oneguidetopositiveriskmanagementlistswaysthatpeoplecanmakesuretheirrisksareonthe“safe"side

15ofriskrange.Forexample,toensureasuccessfulbikeride,youshouldinadvanceequipyourselfwithafully-chargedcellphoneandafullwaterbottle.____38____Orifyouare,concernedaboutyourphysicalcapacity,consultacertifiedtrainerormedicalprofessionalbeforedeparture.____39____Thismeansadaptingtochangingsituations.Inresponsetothedeadlyvirus,peoplechoosetostepbackintonormallifeonlyaftertheyarevaccinated.Inthisway,peoplecouldbeconfidentthattheriskistolerable.Nobodywantstobeneedlesslyrisky.Butusingournewly-acquiredriskassessmenttools,wecanonceagainlearnandgrowinourlives.____40____A.Takerisksinapositiveway.B.Buttheself-protectivemindstatecarriesitsownrisk.C.Overallhappinessisonebenefitofpositiverisk-taking.D.Remembertotelloneofyourfriendsorfamilyyourdestination.E.Besidestakingpreventivesteps,flexiblethinkingisalsoencouraged.F.Likeashipsailingawayfromitsharbor,thatiswhatwewerebuilttodo.G.Forteenagers,thismeansriskslikerunningformonitorortryingoutforateam.【答案】36.B37.G38.D39.E40.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本篇主要讲述了作者认为尽管要保护自己，但也要进行适当的积极冒险，尝试新事物的想法，并给出了积极冒险的定义、措施。【36题详解】根据上文““Ashipinharborissafe,butthatisnotwhatshipsarebuiltfor,”saidJohnA.Shedd,anearly20thcenturyauthor.Throughout’theCovid-19,we’veallbecomeusedtoassessingriskinnewways.We’vecometounderstand,thoughwecannevergetridofriskaltogether,wehavegreatpowertomakechoicesbothlargeandsmalltoprotectourselves.(“停泊在港口的船是安全的，但那不是造船的目的，”20世纪初的作家JohnA.Shedd说。在整个Covid-19疫情期间，我们都习惯于以新的方式评估风险。我们已经认识到，尽管我们永远无法完全摆脱风险，但我们有强大的能力做出大大小小的选择来保护自己)”以及后文“Itstopsusfromsteppingoutsideofourcomfortzonesandtryingnewthings.(它阻止我们走出舒适区，尝试新事物)”可知，前面讲述了因为疫情我们都变得习惯用新方式评估风险，我们开始意识到我们有很大的能力进行大大小小的选择来保护自己，而空格后却表明这阻止我们迈出舒适圈和尝试新事物可知，选B才能符合前后的转折，it指代B中的自我保护的心态，但是自我保护的心态也有自己的风险。故B选项“但是自我保护的精神状态也有它自己的风险”符合语境，故选B。

16【37题详解】根据上文“Developmentalpsychologiststalkabout“positiverisks”—sociallyacceptablerisksthatourlivescanbenefitfrom.(发展心理学家谈论“积极风险”——社会可接受的风险，我们的生活可以从中受益)”以及后文“Butwhataboutthese,whodevelopintoadults?Researchershavefoundthathappinessforolderadultsisbeingabletochoosehowtheyspendtheirtime,includingwaysthatareadventurous,newandeven-likehikingorotheroutdooractivities—mildlyrisky.(但是那些成长为成年人的人呢？研究人员发现，老年人的幸福在于能够选择如何度过他们的时间，包括冒险的、新的甚至是风险较小的徒步旅行或其他户外活动)”可知，上文表明发展心理学家讲述了积极风险的定义，空格后却表示但已经长大成人的大人呢。由此可知，所填句子应该是承接前一句讲述青少年（发展心理学本身的主要内容就是儿童期，包括青少年的心理发展），因此选G，对于青少年这意味着像竞选班长、报名参加一个团体这样的风险，this指代前面的positiverisks，然后空格后再转折讲述成年人的幸福也包括冒险。故G选项“对青少年来说，这意味着要冒竞选班长或参加团队的风险”符合语境，故选G。【38题详解】根据上文“Oneguidetopositiveriskmanagementlistswaysthatpeoplecanmakesuretheirrisksareonthe“safe"sideofriskrange.Forexample,toensureasuccessfulbikeride,youshouldinadvanceequipyourselfwithafully-chargedcellphoneandafullwaterbottle.(一份积极风险管理指南列出了人们可以确保他们的风险处于风险范围的“安全”一侧的方法。例如，为了确保骑行成功，你应该提前准备好一个充满电的手机和一个装满水的水瓶)”可知，此处应该继续描述为了顺利完成自行车骑行而采取的措施，故D选项“记得告诉你的朋友或家人你的目的地”符合语境，故选D。【39题详解】根据后文“Thismeansadaptingtochangingsituations.Inresponsetothedeadlyvirus,peoplechoosetostepbackintonormallifeonlyaftertheyarevaccinated.Inthisway,peoplecouldbeconfidentthattheriskistolerable.(这意味着要适应不断变化的情况。为了应对这一致命病毒，人们只有在接种疫苗后才选择回到正常生活。这样，人们就可以相信风险是可以承受的)”可知，根据空格后表示这表明适应变化的情形。后面举例表明，面对致死的病毒，人们选择在接种疫苗后回到日常生活可知，这里选E才符合后文，this指代E中的flexiblethinking，除了采取预防措施，灵活变通的想法也值得提倡。故E选项“除了采取预防措施外，还鼓励灵活思考”符合语境，故选E。【40题详解】根据上文“Nobodywantstobeneedlesslyrisky.Butusingournewly-acquiredriskassessmenttools,wecanonceagainlearnandgrowinourlives.(没有人愿意冒不必要的风险。但使用我们新获得的风险评估工具，我们可以再次在生活中学习和成长)

17”可知，文章开头就用船比喻人，表明尽管在港口的船是安全的，但那不是造船的目的，来鼓励人们进行适当的冒险。在中间讲述了适当冒险的好处，定义和相应措施后，最后一段选F最合适，既符合该段落再次倡导使用新的风险评估工具，也符合前文对积极冒险的倡议，就像离开港口的船一样，我们的人生也该那样（合理冒险）。故F选项“就像一艘驶离港湾的船，这就是我们的使命”符合语境，故选F。第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Weliveinaworldincreasinglydominatedbyscience.Sinceelementaryschool,Ihavealways___41___subjectslikescienceandmath.Tome,thesesubjects,fullofdiscoveriesand___42___,seemtoplaymoresignificantroleinhumanprogressthanhumanities.AndIalways___43___thoughtofthesesubjectsasmoresolidandseriousthanclasseslikeEnglish.Iftherewasnoright___44___,Ithought,whybother?ButrecentlyIhadan___45___thattaughtmemyacademicinterestsaremoreflexiblethanIhadthought:Itookmyfirstphilosophyclass.BeforeIenteredtheclassroom,Iwas___46___.Iwaitedoutsidewiththeotherstudentsandwonderedwhatexactlyphilosophywouldinvolve.Iimaginedgettingintoprettylongandboringconversations___47___intendedtoreflectonthemeaningoflife.ButwhatIgotwassomethingquite___48___.Ayoungmaninjeans,Mr.Jones—“butyoucancallmeRob”—wasfarfromthewhite-haired,buttoned-upoldmanIhad___49___.Ratherthanpullingusintodullargumentsaboutdifficult-to-understandphilosophicalpoints,Rob____50____usonourlevel.Totalkfreewill,welookedatourown____51____.Totalkmorals,welookedatdilemmaswehadfacedourselves.Bytheendofclass,I’ddiscoveredthatquestionswithnorightanswercanturnouttobethemost____52____ones.It____53____methatifIletgoofmy____54____,IcanactuallygetalotoutofthesubjectsIoncethoughtlittleof.Theclasstaughtme-inmorewaysthanone-tolookatthingswitha(n)____55____mind.41.A.chosenB.evaluatedC.favoredD.avoided42.A.formulasB.puzzlesC.challengesD.innovations43A.automaticallyB.consciouslyC.accuratelyD.impatiently44.A.reasonB.answerC.methodD.direction45.A.surpriseB.experienceC.incidentD.adventure46.A.hopefulB.confidentC.doubtfulD.nervous47.A.supposedlyB.mistakenlyC.naturallyD.previously

1848.A.uniqueB.commonC.differentD.strange49.A.mentionedB.encounteredC.expectedD.missed50.A.engagedB.testedC.persuadedD.invited51.A.choicesB.abilitiesC.obstaclesD.doubts52.A.objectiveB.effectiveC.encouragingD.appealing53.A.confusedB.struckC.warnedD.convinced54.A.prideB.concernC.assessmentD.prejudice55.A.openB.strongC.sharpD.ready【答案】41.C42.D43.A44.B45.B46.C47.C48.C49.C50.A51.C52.D53.B54.D55.A【解析】【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者通过自己的亲身经历意识到，科学和数学这样的学科比人文学科更加灵活，并不是固定不变的。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从小学开始，我就喜欢像科学和数学这样的学科。A.chosen选择；B.evaluated评估；C.favored喜欢；D.avoided避免。根据下文“Tome,thesesubjects,fullofdiscoveriesand___2___,seemtoplaymoresignificantroleinhumanprogressthanhumanities.”可知，作者喜欢像科学和数学这样的学科。故选C。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我看来，这些充满了发现和创新的科目似乎比人文学科在人类进步中发挥着更重要的作用。A.formulas公式；B.puzzles困惑；C.challenges挑战；D.innovations创新。根据上文“thesesubjects,fullofdiscoveries”可知，在作者看来，科学和数学这样的学科是充满了发现和探索的，所以是有创新的。故选D。【43题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：而且我总是自然而然地认为这些科目比像英语这样的课程更扎实、更严肃。A.automatically不知不觉地；自然而然地；B.consciously有意识地；自觉地；C.accurately准确地；D.impatiently毫无耐心地。根据上文“Tome,thesesubjects,fullofdiscoveriesand______2____seemtoplaymoresignificantroleinhumanprogressthanhumanities.”和下文“thoughtofthesesubjectsasmoresolidandseriousthanclasseslikeEnglish.”可知，作者一直认为充满了发现和创新的科目似乎比人文学科在人类进步中发挥着更重要的作用，这是作者的固有印象，所以自然而然会认为这些科目比像英语这样的课程更扎实、更严肃。故选A。

19【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想，如果没有正确答案，为什么还要麻烦去学习呢？A.reason原因；B.answer答案；C.method方法；D.direction方向。根据下文“Bytheendofclass,I’ddiscoveredthatquestionswithnorightanswercanturnouttobethemost___12___ones.”可知，作者本来以为英语学科很多都是没有正确答案的。故选B。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是最近我的一次经历教过我，我的学术兴趣比我想象的更加灵活：我上了我的第一堂哲学课。A.surprise吃惊；B.experience经历；C.incident意外；D.adventure冒险。根据下文“BeforeIenteredtheclassroom,Iwas___6___.Iwaitedoutsidewiththeotherstudentsandwonderedwhatexactlyphilosophywouldinvolve.Iimaginedgettingintoprettylongandboringconversations___7___intendedtoreflectonthemeaningoflife.ButwhatIgotwassomethingquite___8___.”可知，接下来要讲述的是作者的经历。故选B。【46题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我进入教室之前，我是存有疑虑的。A.hopeful满怀希望的；B.confident自信的；C.doubtful有疑虑的；D.nervous紧张的。根据下文“Iwaitedoutsidewiththeotherstudentsandwonderedwhatexactlyphilosophywouldinvolve.Iimaginedgettingintoprettylongandboringconversations___7___intendedtoreflectonthemeaningoflife.”可知，作者本来以为哲学课是很枯燥的，所以应该是对这门课没有抱有很好的期待，而是充满了疑虑。故选C。【47题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我想象着进行一些冗长而无聊的谈话，自然而然地就以此来反思生命的意义。A.supposedly据推测；B.mistakenly错误地；C.naturally自然而然地；D.previously以前地。根据上文“ButrecentlyIhadan___5___thattaughtmemyacademicinterestsaremoreflexiblethanIhadthought:Itookmyfirstphilosophyclass.”可知，作者本来以为哲学课是不灵活的，所以讨论的问题自然而然就会有对应的结果。故选C。【48题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，我得到的东西确实是有些不同的。A.unique独特的；B.common常见的；C.different不同的；D.strange奇怪的。根据下文“Ayoungmaninjeans,Mr.Jones—“butyoucancallmeRob”—wasfarfromthewhite-haired,buttoned-upoldmanIhad___9___.Ratherthanpullingusintodullargumentsaboutdifficult-to-understandphilosophicalpoints,Rob___10___usonourlevel.Totalkfreewill,welookedatourown___11___.Totalkmorals,welookedatdilemmaswehadfacedourselves.Bytheendofclass,I’ddiscoveredthatquestionswithnorightanswercanturnouttobethemost___12___ones.

20”可知，在哲学课上，作者体会到的和想象的不一样，作者之前认为哲学很枯燥，但实际上很有趣。故选C。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个穿着牛仔裤的年轻人，琼斯先生——“但是你可以叫我罗布”——与我想象中的那个白头发、系着纽扣的老人大相径庭。A.mentioned提到；B.encountered遇见；C.expected期待；料想；认为；D.missed错过，思念。根据上段内容“Iwaitedoutsidewiththeotherstudentsandwonderedwhatexactlyphilosophywouldinvolve.Iimaginedgettingintoprettylongandboringconversations____7____intendedtoreflectonthemeaningoflife.”和上文“wasfarfromthewhite-haired,buttoned-upoldman”可知，作者在未上哲学课之前，认为哲学很无聊，认为老师可能是个白头发、系着纽扣的老人，但是当作者见到老师是一个穿着牛仔裤的年轻人时感到很惊讶，这是与自己料想的不一样。故选C。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：罗伯没有把我们拉进关于难以理解的哲学观点的无聊争论中，而是站在我们的角度上吸引我们的兴趣。A.engaged使参与；吸引；B.tested测试；C.persuaded说服；D.invited邀请。根据上文“Ratherthanpullingusintodullargumentsaboutdifficult-to-understandphilosophicalpoints”可知，罗伯没有把作者他们拉进关于难以理解的哲学观点的无聊争论中，而是站在我们的角度上吸引我们的兴趣。故选A。【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：谈到自由意志，我们看到了我们自己的障碍。A.choices选择；B.abilities能力；C.obstacles障碍；阻碍；D.doubts怀疑。根据下文“Totalkmorals,welookedatdilemmaswehadfacedourselves.”可知，通过那些谈话，作者他们意识到了自己的意志并不是无限自由的，而是有一些阻碍。故选C。【52题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到课程结束时，我发现没有正确答案的问题可能是最吸引人的。A.objective客观的；B.effective有效的；C.encouraging令人鼓舞的；D.appealing吸引人的。根据上文“Iftherewasnoright___4___,Ithought,whybother?”和“Iimaginedgettingintoprettylongandboringconversations”可知，作者以前认为，没有答案的是没有意义的，是枯燥无味的；而现在却发现，没有正确答案的问题才可能是最吸引人的。故选D。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然意识到，如果我放弃我的偏见，我可以从我曾经不在意的科目中得到很多。A.confused使困惑；B.struck发现；突然想到；猛地意识到；C.warned警告；D.convinced使相信。根据下文“thatifIletgoofmy___14___,IcanactuallygetalotoutofthesubjectsIoncethoughtlittle

21of.”可知，这是作者上课之后意识到的内容。故选B。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第13题详解。A.pride骄傲；B.concern担心；C.assessment评估；D.prejudice偏见。根据上文“Sinceelementaryschool,Ihavealways___1___subjectslikescienceandmath.Tome,thesesubjects,fullofdiscoveriesand___2___,seemtoplaymoresignificantroleinhumanprogressthanhumanities.AndIalways___3___thoughtofthesesubjectsasmoresolidandseriousthanclasseslikeEnglish.Iftherewasnoright___4___,Ithought,whybother?”可知，作者以前对这些学科是有偏见的。故选D。【55题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这节课教会了我——用不止一种方法——用开放的心态去看待事物。A.open开放的；B.strong强壮的；C.sharp尖锐的；D.ready准备好的。根据上文“It___13___methatifIletgoofmy___14___,IcanactuallygetalotoutofthesubjectsIoncethoughtlittleof.”可知，作者意识到，对那些人文学科不能带有偏见，要思想开放。故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。InastudyconductedtwelveyearsagonearnaturalgaswellsinNewMexico,researchersfoundthattherewere75%fewerpinonpineseedlings(幼苗)innoisysitesthaninquiet____56____.Thiswasmostlikelyduetothenoisedrivingawaythescrubjay(灌丛鸦),whichplantsthousandsofpineseedswhile____57____(store)themtoeatduringthewintermonths.AresearchteamfromCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyrecentlyreturnedtothesitestofindoutwhetherthepinonpinehadrecovered____58____time.____59____companieschangedthesiteswheretheyusednoisycompressors(压缩机)tohelpproducenaturalgas,someofthe____60____(previous)noisysiteshadbecomequiet.Theresearchersfoundthatintheseareas,therewerestillfewerseedlings____61____(compare)tositesthatdidn’thavecompressorsaddedtospeedupgasextraction.Thisshowsthatthoughthenoisewasremovedbeforethepinonpineseeds____62____(plant),theystilldidn’tsprout(发芽).“Theeffectsofhumannoisepollution____63____(grow)intothestructureofthewoodlandcommunitiesatpresent,”saidbiologyprofessorandseniorauthorClintFrancis.____64____we’reseeingnowisthat_____65_____(disappear)ofthenoisedoesn’tnecessarilyimmediatelyresultinarecoveryofecologicalfunction.【答案】56.ones57.storing58.over59.As##Because##Since60.previously

2261.compared62.wereplanted63.aregrowing64.What65.disappearance【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了噪音的消失不一定会立即导致生态功能的恢复。【56题详解】考查代词。句意：12年前，在新墨西哥州的天然气井附近进行的一项研究中，研究人员发现，在嘈杂的地方，皮松苗比在安静的地方少75%。根据句意可知，此处表达“皮松苗比在安静的地方少75%”。所替代的是同名异物，表示泛指，所以用代词ones来指代安静地区的皮松苗。故填ones。【57题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这很可能是由于噪音赶走了灌丛鸦，它们会在冬天种下数千颗松树种子，并将它们储存起来以备食用。在状语从句中，从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且有be动词时可以省略主语和be动词。主句中，which指代thescrubjay，即从句完整的形式为whilethescrubjayisstoringthemtoeatduringthewintermonths。故填storing。【58题详解】考查介词。句意：来自加州理工学院的一个研究小组最近回到了这些地点，以查明皮松苗是否随着时间的推移而恢复。根据上文的“hadrecovered”以及句意可知，此处表达“随着时间的推移”，所以填入介词over构成固定短语“overtime(随着时间的流逝)”。故填over。【59题详解】考查连词。句意：因为公司改变了使用噪音压缩机帮助生产天然气的地点，一些以前嘈杂的地点变得安静了。根据句意可知，此处表达“因为公司改变了使用噪音压缩机帮助生产天然气的地点”，所以用as、because或since引导原因状语从句。故填As、Because或Since【60题详解】考查副词。句意见上一题。修饰形容词noisy需要用副词。故填previously。【61题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员发现，在这些地区，与没有增加压缩机以加速气体提取的地点相比，秧苗仍然更少。句子的谓语动词为were，所以此处为非谓语动词。非谓语动词compare何其逻辑主语seedlings之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填compared。【62题详解】

23考查时态语态。句意：这表明，尽管在种植皮松种子之前消除了噪音，但它们仍然没有发芽。分析句子结构，此处为谓语动词。结合空格前的wasremoved可知，此处陈述过去的事实要用一般过去时。seeds和plant之间是被动关系。故填wereplanted。【63题详解】考查时态语态。句意：生物学教授、资深作者ClintFrancis说：“目前，人类噪音污染的影响正在逐渐渗入林地群落的结构中。”分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词。结合时间状语atpresent可知，此处表示“正在发生的事情”，所以用现在进行时。主语effects是复数，位于也用复数。故填aregrowing。【64题详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们现在看到的是，噪音的消失不一定会立即导致生态功能的恢复。此处是主语从句，在从句中see缺少“什么”含义作宾语，所以用连接代词what引导主语从句。故填What。【65题详解】考查名词。句意见上一题。此处需要用名词作主语。故填disappearance。第四部分:写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节：(满分15分)66.假如你是一所国际学校学生会干事李华。你校将对学生进行一次全员核酸检测。请你用英文草拟一则通知，通知全体学生参加核酸检测。内容包括：1.检测时间；2.检测地点；3.注意事项。注意：1.词数80词左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。词汇：核酸检测nucleicacidtesting________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】OnepossibleversionDearstudents,Inordertoensurenocaseofcovid-19shouldappearonthecampus,ourschoolhasdecidedtoorganizeanothernucleicacidtestingforallthestudents.Thetestingwillbecarriedoutfrom1p.m.to3p.m.thisFridayin

24thegymnasium.Thestudentsarerequiredtogoandlineupaccordingtoatimescheduletobegiventoeachclasslater.Duringthetesting,everyoneshouldwearamaskandkeepadistanceofonemeter,waitingquietlyinline.StudentsUnion【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生用英文写一则通知，通知全体学生参加核酸检测，告知学生检测时间、检测地点和注意事项。【详解】1.词汇积累确保：ensure→guarantee出现：appear→arise决定做某事：decidetodosth.→bedeterminedtodosth.应该：should→besupposedto2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Inordertoensurenocaseofcovid-19shouldappearonthecampus,ourschoolhasdecidedtoorganizeanothernucleicacidtestingforallthestudents.拓展句：Ourschoolhasdecidedtoorganizeanothernucleicacidtestingforallthestudentssothatwecanensurenocaseofcovid-19shouldappearonthecampus.【点睛】【高分句型1】Thestudentsarerequiredtogoandlineupaccordingtoatimescheduletobegiventoeachclasslater.（运用了动词不定式的被动语态作后置定语，修饰timeschedule）【高分句型2】Duringthetesting,everyoneshouldwearamaskandkeepadistanceofonemeter,waitingquietlyinline.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）第二节：(满分25分)67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。OnafreezingmorningofDecember,twopoliceofficerswerepatrollingthestreets.Suddenly,thewalkie-talkie(对讲机)onAlan,oneoftheofficers,rang.“ThecakeshopneartheCityMuseumhasreportedaburglary(窃案).PleaserushtothesceneImmediately”,saidtheelectronicvoice.Thetwopolicemenquicklyarrivedattheshop,onlytofindthatthesceneshowednosignofcrimesatall.Curiously,theycheckedthemonitorandfoundthatathinwomanbrokeopenthewindowandclimbedintothestoreat5:20a.m.Insteadofsearchingaround,shewalkedstraightintothestorageroom,stolecheese,chocolate,butterandotheringredientsforacake,andthenranawaydowntheroad.Bothpolicemenfeltquiteconfusedaboutherbehavior.Oneoftheshopassistantsidentifiedthethiefas

25Clara,asinglemotherwholivednearby.Shehasaneight-year-oldboytotakecareofandlivesinpoverty.Momentslater,thetwoofficersarrivedatClara'shouse.Bob,anotherofficer,pulledoutagunandwasabouttobreakin.ButAlantoldhimtoputthegunawayandknockedgently.Thedooropenedandoutcameaverythinwoman.Fromtheoutlineofherfigure,Alanrecognizedthatshewasexactlythethief.Thewoman,Clara,immediatelyunderstoodthesituationwhenshesawthetwopolicemen.Sheburiedherfaceinherhandsandsatdownonthefloor.Atthatverymoment,achild'svoicebrokethesilence,“Mom,isanyonecomingformybirthday?Invitethemin,please.”Afterhearingtheboy'swords,Clarastoodupandbeggedinalowvoice,“Officer,Ididstealthosethings,butthere'snothingelseIcoulddo.It'smybaby'sbirthday,andI'vegotneitherjobnormoney.Pleasedon'ttakethosethingsaway.I'vejustusedthemtomakehimacake.”注意:1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Lookingintothewoman'stearyeyes,Alanunderstoodandwalkedintothehouse.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bobnoddedthoughtfullyandasked,“Whataboutthethingsshestole?”__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:

26Lookingintothewoman'stearyeyes,Alanunderstoodandwalkedintothehouse.Helookedatthechildandsaid,“Happybirthdaytoyou,kid.Andenjoyyourcake.”Afterthat,hewalkedout,draggingBobwithhim.“Officer,thatwomanshouldbetakentothepolicestation.Sheshouldberesponsibleforhercrime.”Alanreplied,“Whatyousaidisabsolutelycorrect,butIcannevertakeawayachild'sbirthdaycake.AlthoughwhatClaradidwaswrongindeed,shewasjustahelplessmother.Itwouldbetoocruelforustotakeawayadesperatemotherwhooccasionallymadeamistakeinfrontofherchild!”Bobnoddedthoughtfullyandasked,“Whataboutthethingsshestole?”“Thebillisonme,”Alanvolunteered.Afterreturningtothecakeshop,heexplainedtheincidenttotheshopownerandthenpaidforthestolenmaterials.Afterwards,Claratooktheinitiativetogotothepolicestation，askingforherpunishment.Whattheofficerhaddonemadeherfeelashamedofhertheftandshewasdeterminedtomendherway.Shesaidthatshewouldimproveherlifebyherowneffortsandwouldnolongerdoanythingillegalagain.【解析】【分析】本文以时间为线索展开，讲述了两名警察收到警报说有一家蛋糕店失窃。警察们赶到蛋糕店发现是一名贫穷的单亲妈妈Clara偷了一些做蛋糕的原料。警察们到了Clara的家，得知她偷这些原料是为了给儿子过生日，因为她没有工作也没有钱。警察们为她向蛋糕店付了钱，Clara非常羞愧，她主动请求处罚并保证自己会通过自己的努力来改善生活，再也不做违法的事情。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“看着这个女人含泪的眼睛，Alan明白了，他走进了房子。”可知，第一段可描写Alan走进房子祝小男孩生日快乐，并劝说Bob不要抓走Clara。②由第二段首句内容“Bob若有所思地点点头，问道：‘那她偷的东西呢?’”可知，第二段可描写Alan替Clara向蛋糕店付了钱并解释了这件事，Clara感到羞愧并主动悔改。2.续写线索：祝福——劝说——付钱——解释——自首——悔改3.词汇激活行为类①负责任：beresponsiblefor/taketheresponsibilityfor②回复：reply/respond③返回：return/goback情绪类①绝望的：desperate/despairing②羞愧的：ashamed/shameful

27【点睛】[高分句型1]Afterthat,hewalkedout,draggingBobwithhim.(运用了现在分词作状语)[高分句型2]Itwouldbetoocruelforustotakeawayadesperatemotherwhooccasionallymadeamistakeinfrontofherchild!(运用了it做形式主语以及who引导的定语从句)

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