上海市某中学2022-2023学年高三上学期9月测评英语试卷含详解

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2022-2023
9ᨴᔁI.ListeningcomprehensionᶍILGrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.AgreetoDisagreeIamoldenoughtorememberrunningthroughthewhippingraintofindaphonebooth,only](get)cutoffinthemiddleofthecallbecauseIranoutofchange.Irememberhavingpostedhand-writtenlettershomefromoverseasthatwouldtaketwoweekstoarrive.Incomparison,theworldofsocialmediaistrulyamiracle.Freeofcharge,you2contactanybody,anywhere,anytime.Socialmediaenablesustodebatewithpeopletheworldover.Andthisisagoodthinginsomeaspects.Inthemarket-placeofideas,yougettotryonotherpeople'sshoesandsee3theworldlookslikefromtheirperspective.Inthe90s,expertspredictedanendtohistoricalconflictbecausepeoplewouldbecomemoreopen-mindedandtolerant.Butthisissadlynotturningouttobethecase.AspsychologistJohnathanHaidtsaidinhisarticle"TheCoddingoftheAmericanMind,“socialmedia4(create)peoplewhoareaddictedtoconflictandisdrivingpolarization(᩽ᓄ).Becauseonlinedisagreementsarenolongerbeingconductedbetweentwopeopleinanenclosedroom,butareinsteadhappeninginapublicspacewiththousandsofonlookers,manydebateshavedevolvedintonothingmorethanapopularitycontest—whoeverwalksawaywiththemost“likes"5(crown)thewinner.Peopleoftensaythingstheydon'tbelieveinordertogetmorelikes.6sugar-themorelikesyouget,thebetteryoufeel.Meanwhile,socialmediaalgorithms()reinforceanechochamber().By7(expose)youtoarticlesandvideossimilarinopiniontothoseyou'veclickedonbefore,theylureyoudowntherabbithole8themediayouconsumeisreinforcingtheopinionsyoualreadyhave.Manyofushaveprobablygot9(stick)inaheateddebateoversomecontroversialtopic.Thismaynotmattermuchiftheconilictoccursbetweenstrangers.Butwhenitcomestoclosefamilyorfriends,theresultcanbeunpleasant.Manypeoplefinditreallyhardtofeelclosetotheirfriends10theyhavethesamebeliefs.Myadvicehereistobearinmindthefollowing:Youareentitledtoyouropinion;Ijusthappentothinkotherwise.Solet'sagreetodisagree.

1SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.ApersonallyB.readinessC.safeD.demonstrateE.ensureF.comfortableG.facilitateH.courageI.intensivelyJ.appreciateK.identityInspiredMindsThinkAlikeAsaresearcherandstorytelleraboutpeoplewhomakealargepositiveimpactontheworldandwhattheydodifferently,Ihaveseenthatindividualswhohavethereal“goods”toinspireothershavesomethingthatotherfolksdon't.Infact,they11severalcriticaltraitsthatenlivenus,lightasparkinsideofus,andmakeuswanttobebetter,strongerandbigger.*TheyhaveusedallofthemselvestomakeadifferenceLookatthemostpopularTEDtalksthathavegoneviralandtouchedmillionsofpeople,andyouwillseepeoplewhostruggledintheirpastbutdecidedtousewhattheyhad12experiencedtolearnmore,digdeeper,andfinally,help13positivechangeforothers.Thesein-spirershavegrown14beingtotallyauthentic!Ḅ#andopenaboutwhotheyreallyare.Theynolongerworryaboutbeingrejected,scornedorputdown.Theyhavegrownbeyondfeelingthattheyhavetohideorsuppresspartsofthemselvesinordertobeaccepted.Anditistheirvery15touseallofthemselves-openlyandcourageously-thatinspiresandencouragesustodothesame.*Theyexpressloveandappreciationopenly,andhavedeepempathyforothers.Thosewhoinspireustobebetterarefullycapableofexperiencingempathy,andtheyopenlyexpresstheirabilitytounderstandourpersonal“stories”andwhatwefeeldeepdown.Insteadofoverprotectingus,they16whoweareinside.Thismakesusfeel17aboutreyealingourmoreauthenticselvestoothersandallowsforustoevenmorefullybroadenthedefinitionandsensewehaveofourown18allwithouthavingtoworryaboutbeingembarrassedintheprocess.Loveandacceptanceisatthebasisofwhattheydo.Lookatthosewhohavemadethebiggestpositivedifferencethroughouthistory.Invariably,thereiscompassionandappreciationatthatheartofwhotheyareandwhattheystandfbr.*TheybelieveincollectivepowerThosewhoinspireothersbelieveincollectivepowersothatpositivechangecanhappenmorequickly.Theirfocusisnotdirectedat19orsolelytryingtobuilduptheirownwealth,powerandinfluence.Theywanttoseeothersrise,growandexpand.Thafswhatfuelsthemandmotivatestheiractions,business,andgrowthstrategies.Indoingso,theycanbecomewealthy,powerfulandinfluential,butthisisonlyaby-productoftheirfocus,whichisdirectedatexpandingcollectivestrengthandpower,whileworkingto20thatwhatevertheydocontinuestomakeapositiveimpactontheworld.Whichofthesestraitsinspiresyoumosttobemoreofyourself?

2III.ReadingComprehensionsSectionADirections:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Iimagineayoungman,aseniorinhighschool.Hisacademicperformanceisgoodenough.However,justashisparentsareabouttosendthe21checktoacollegewherehehasbeenaccepted,theyoungmanadmitsthathedoesn'twanttogotocollege.Hewantstowork,toearnaliving,tobeoutonhisown.Childrenhavetobuildtheirownlives.Butparentsdon'twantthemtocommiterrorsthatwillmakeithardertobuildthoselives.Howshouldchildrenandtheirparentsthinkaboutthis22?Collegeisoftendiscussedasa(n)23inthefuture:Youpayupfrontsoyoucanbenefitabundantlyfortherestofyourlife.Thefinancialbenefitsofacollegeeducationoverthepastdecadesindeedlookgreat.However,pastperformancewon'tnecessarilyensurefuturereturns.Tomaketheplotsmore24.from1989to2016,collegetuitionwentupby98percent.Thishasledtoalotofstudent-loandebt.Itmaybeworththecostforsomekidswhowanttogointoafieldthatrequiresacollegedegree,butothersdon'tknowwhattheywanttodoaftercollege,soforthemcollegeislikebuyinganexpensive25forfutureemployment.Still,it'sworthnotingthatin2019,just66percentofcollegegraduateswereinjobsrequiringacollegedegree.What'smore,asof2010,only27percentwereinjobsrelatedtotheircollegemajor.Perhapsyoudon'tprimarilyuse26analysistomakedecisionaboutyourlifeoryourchild's.Buteveryonewantstobehappy,andwantstheirchildtobehappyaswell.Solefslookatthe27effectsofcollege.Somescholarshavefoundthat,whencontrollingforotherfactorsinlifesuchasincomeandreligiousfaith,educationbyitselfhasnoindependentexplanatory28overhappiness.Someactuallybelievethateducationisnegativelylinkedtohappiness,andhypothesizethatsomecollegeattendeesexchangelifesatisfactionfortheiracademic29.Andthere'sallthatstudentdebttoconsider.AccordingtoaGallupstudy,studentdebtisnegativelycorrelatedwithfinancialandphysicalhealthandsenseofpurpose,andis30lowwell-beingonthesedimensionsforaslongas25yearsaftergraduation.31.theonlythingwecansaywithassuranceis,“Itdepends."Onwhat?Ontheunique32ofeachperson.Achild'sgifts,circumstances,andcareerambitionsallaffectwhethercollegeistherightchoice.Mostofall,itdependsonwhattheywanttodo.Asalongtimeacademic,IcanassureyouthattheNo.133ofafailuretothriveincollegeisnotwantingtobethereinthefirstplace.Thatmaybeobvioustowould-bestudents,buttomanyoftheirparentsitisn't.Thecollege

3decisionisoftenasmuchabouttheparentsasitisabouttheirkids.Ifseasyto34ourowndesiresontoourkids--totrytoseeourownpotentialcomealivethroughthem.Butit'samistake.Nooneisastart-upenterprise,andthereisnotjustonepathtosuccess.Thecollege-for-allfeverthathasovertakenmuchofourculture35giftsthatourkidshavetodevelopandshare.Infact,buildingtheirlifewithintegrityandgritiswhatallparentscouldeverask.21.A.securityB.depositC.informationD.routine22.A.dilemmaB.landscapeC.consequenceD.disappointment23.A.shelterB.investmentC.prospectD.victory24.A.evidentB.compellingC.complicatedD.realistic25.A.insuranceB.scamC.maintenanceD.lesson26.A.trial-errorB.question-answerC.cost-benefitD.pros-cons27.A.healthB.societyC.happinessD.education28.A.concernB.powerC.favorD.advantage29.A.prejudiceB.panicC.ambitionD.unemployment30.A.appliedtoB.blamedonC.informedofD.associatedwith31.A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.OtherwiseD.Furthermore32.A.fatesB.decisionsC.attributesD.inputs33.A.qualificationB.coverageC.witnessD.predictor34.A.projectB.oweC.adjustD.prefer35.A.highlightsB.justifiesC.ignoresD.visualizesSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingtwopassage.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Twothingschangedmylife:mymotherandawhileplasticbikebasket.Ihavethoughtlong

4andhardaboutitandit'strue.Iwouldbeadifferentpersonifmymomhadn'tturnedasillybicycleaccessoryintoalifelessonIcarrywithmetoday.Mymotherandfatherwereunitedintheirwayofraisingchildren,butitmostlyfelltomymothertoactuallycarryitout.Lookingback,Ihonestlydon'tknowhowshedidit.Managingthefamilybudgetmusthavebeenaveryhardtask.,butshemadeitlookeffortless.Ifwecomplainedaboutnothavingwhatanotherkiddid,we'dhearsomethinglike,"Idon'tcarewhatso-and-sogotforhisbirthday,youarenotgettingaTVinyourroom/acarforyourbirthdayalavishsweet-16party.^^Wehadtoearnourallowancebydoingchoresaroundthehouse.Icanstillrememberhowlongittooktopolishthelegsofourcoffeetable.Mybrotherscannodoubtrememberhoursspentcleaningthehouse.LikethetwolittlegirlsgrowingupattheWhiteHouse,wemadeourownbeds(nooneleftthehouseuntilthatwasdone)andpickedupafterourselves.Wehadtokeeptrackofourbelongings,andifsomethingwaslost,itwasnotreplaced.Itwassummerand,oneday,mymotherdrovemetothebikeshoptogetatirefixed-andthereitwasinthewindow.White,shiny,plasticanddecoratedwithflowers,thebasketwinkedatmeandIknew-Iknew—Ihadtohaveit.“It'sbeautiful,mymothersaidwhenIpointeditouttoher,“Whataneatbasket.”Itriedtoholdoffatfirst,Iplayeditcoolforashortwhile.ButthenIguessIcouldn'tstanditanylonger:"Mon,pleasecanIplease,pleasegetit?Fildoextrachoresforaslongasyousay,Fildoanything,butIneedthatbasket,Ilovethatbasket.Please,Mom.Please?,,Iwasdesperate.“Youknow,“shesaid,gentlyrubbingmybackwhilewebothstaredatwhatIbelieveswasthecoolestthingever,uIfyousaveupyoucouldbuythisyourself.”“BythetimeImakeenoughit'llbegone!”“MaybeRogerherecouldholditforyou,“shesmiledatRoger,thebikeguy.“Hecan'tholditforthatlong,Mom.Someoneelsewillbuyit.Please,Mom,Please?^^“Theremightbeanotherway,“shesaid.Andsoourpayingplanunfolded.MymotherboughtthebeautifulbasketandputitsafelyinsomehidingplaceIcouldn'tfind.EachweekIeagerlycountedmygrowingsavingincreasedbyextraworkhereandthere(washingthecar,helpingmymothermakedinner,deliveringorcollectingthingsonmybikethatalreadylookednakedwithoutthebasketinfront).Andthen,weekslater,Icounted,re-countedandjumpedforjoy.Oh,happyday!Imadeit!Ifinallyhadtheexactamountwe'dagreedupon....Dayslatertheunthinkablehappened.AneighborhoodgirlTdplayedwithmillionsoftimesappearedwiththeexactsamebasketfixedtohershiny,newbikethatalreadyhadallthebellsandwhistles.Irodehardandfasthometotellmymotheraboutthisdisaster.Thishorribleturnofevents.Andthencamethelesson.Tvetakenwithmethroughmylife:"Honey,yourbasketisextraLspecial,Momsaid,gentlywipingawaymyhottears."Yourbasketisspecialbecauseyoupaidfor

5ityoursel£^^36.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Theauthorcamefromswell-offfamily.B.ThechildrenwerefondoftheUSpresident'sdaughters.C.Themotherraisedherchildreninanunusualway.D.Thechildrenenjoyeddoinghousework.37.Byusing“naked”(Paragraph12),theauthorseemstostressthatthebasketwas.A.somethingimpossibletogetB.somethingshecouldaffordC.somethingshecoulddowithoutD.somethingimportanttoher38.Totheauthor,itseemedtobeahorribleturnofeventsthatA.thebasketcostmorethanshehadsavedB.somethingspoiledherpayingplanC.someoneelsehadgotabasketofthesamekindD.aneighborhoodgirlhadboughtanewbike39.Whatisthelifelessontheauthorlearnedfromhermother?A.SavemoneyforarainydayB.Goodadviceisbeyondallprice.C.GodhelpsthosewhohelpthemselvesD.Earnyourbreadwithyoursweat(B)BecomeanAtlantisJr.Aquaristandspend3daysworkingwithmarinelife!Foodpreppingtofeedingtheanimalstosnorkeling($%)andlearningaboutcoralreefs,it'saweekofmarineadventure!MarineAdventureCampJune24-28;Monday-FridayJuly8-12;Monday-FridayJuly29-August2;Monday-FridayAugust12-16;Monday-FridayCampHours5days/4nightsMonday:5:45p.m.to7:30p.m.Ages:10to14Tuesday:8:00a.m.to3:00p.m.Price:$595(notinclusiveofWednesday:9:00a.m.to5:30p.m.roomcost)Thursday:9:00a.m.to4:00p.m.

6Friday:Checkout(oryoumayextendyourstayonyourown).*Pleasenote:Programmingsubjecttochangebasedonweatherconditions.PackageComponentsDressCode1.Amenity(&ᑭ(T-Shirts))PackageShortsSwimsuits-CampNameBadgeWaterShoes(Sincemostwatershoesareuncomfortableforthe-MaskandSnorkel(*+,amountofwalkingtheydo,especiallywhenwet,theyarenotᔾ.)allowedtochangeintowatershoeswhentheypreparetoswim.)—MessengerBagSunBlock—Cap-TowelImportantNotes-MarineLifeGuide-WaterBottle2.WelcomeDinner3.Lunchfor3days(venuetobedetermined)4.BehindtheSceneswithourSeaKeeperTeam5.BehindtheSceneswithAllattendeesmustbeabletoswimwithoutassistance.ourMarineMammalTeamAllattendeesmustspeakfluentEnglish.6.FishfoodpreparationandCampnamebadgemustbeworndaily.handfeedingAttendees.MUSTbeatleast10yearsofage.7.RuinsSnorkel8.Stingray(/0)Snorkel9.BlueAdventureSnorkelTrip10.SharkWalkwithStuartCove40YoucangettoknowalltheinformationabouttheMarineAdventureCampEXCEPTA.camphoursB.camppriceC.thingstobringD.dailyschedules

741.TheMarineAdventurecampissuitablefor.A.Tom,whohasjustgraduatedfromhighschoolB.Jerry,whohassavedup600dollarsfbrsummerholidayC.Mary,alocal6graderwholikesswimmingD.Edward,whohasjustbeenemployedasanaquarist42.Whichofthefollowingcanbelearnedfromthepassage?AAttendeesdon'twearwatershoeswhentheygoswimming.B.Allattendeesmustcheckoutonthelastdayofthecamp.C.Theprogramsarefixedandnominorchangeswillbemade.D.Attendeeswillhavea5-dayexperienceworkingwithmarinelifeinthecamp.(C)Intheearlydaysofcovid-19,thetechindustrywasconsumedbyasenseofexcitement.Withbillionsofpeoplelockeddownathome,workandplaywereshiftingonline.Manyhopedthatthenewnormalwouldsparkahugeproductivityboomasfirmsdigitizedandworkersspentlesstimecommuting.Theexcitementwasmostevidentinstock-markets,whereanyfirmrelatedtothistrendsawitssharepricesurge.Thetech-heavyNASDAQroseby88%.Thecrazyhasended.Todaythelockdownlunacyindex(12ᢣᦪ)5whichincludesNetflix,astreamingservice;Peloton,amakeroffancyexercisebikes;Robin-hood,astock-tradingapp;Shopify,ande-commerceplatform;andZoom,avideoconferencingfirm-hasfallenbymorethan80%fromitspeak.HowworryingisthisreturntoEarth?Tobesure,someofitreflectsgloomierprospectsfortheglobaleconomy.Anditisdisappointingthattwoyearsofdigitizationandremoteworkhavenotprovidedclearevidenceofaproductivityboom.Yettherearereasonsstilltobetechno-optimistic.Muchoftheearlyenthusiasmmaysimplyhavebeenfocusedonthewrongtypesoffirm.Thoughthepandemicdarlingshavefizzled,theshifttowardsevergreaterdigitizationcontinues.Thetruewinnersarenottheflashyconsumer-techfirms,butthecompaniesthatprovidetheinfrastructuretoenablethisshift.Lookbeyondtheboomandbustofconsumertech,andyouseetherealsuccesses.Themarketfortheinfrastructuretechnologythatunderpinspeople'sdailylives,suchascloudcomputing,cyberLsecurityanddigitalpayments,isbooming.Thecloud-computingindustryisexpectedtogrowtoalmost$500bnthisyear,upfrom$243bnin2019.Amazon'scloudoffering,thelargestintheworld,isstillgrowingat33%eachyear.Itaccountedforthree-quartersofthefirm'soperatingincomeoverthepast12months,andisproppingupthetechgiant'sailinge-commercebusiness.ItsclosestrivalsarethecloudservicesofMicrosoftandGoogle.Theirannualsalesaregrowingby40%and36%,respectively.Cloudificationhascreatednewdemandsforcybersecurity,anothertechwinner.Thecombinedrevenueatthethreelargestlistedcybersecurityfirmshasalmostdoubledsincethestartofthepandemic.Theirmarketcapitalisationhastripled,andhascomedownonlyafractionsincethestart

8oftheyear.Digitalpaymentsareanotherbrightspot,thankstolockdownsandsocialdistancing.Three-quartersofiPhoneownersuseApplyPay,upfromhalfin2019,andnineoutoftenAmericanretailersnowacceptitasapaymentmethod.Almost200mpeopleinIndiaandChinahaveusedsomeformofdigitalpaymentforthefirsttimesincetheonsetofcovid.Thebubblemayhaveburstonthepandemic'sdarlings,butthedrumbeatofdigitizationcontinues.Thelessobvioustechnologiesthatprovidetheunderlyinginfrastructurefortheshiftarethetruebeneficiariesofcovid.Whetherthesewillfuelaproductivityboostonedayremainstobeseen.Buttherewasmoregoingonduringthepandemicthanlockdowncrazy.43.Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Techindustrypredictedaproductivityboominthelockdown,whichprovedtrue.B.Thesharepricesofcustomer-techcompaniessharplyrocketedandthendeclined.C.Robinhoodisatechcompanyspecializainginmeetingdemandsforcybersecurity.D.Theprospectsofthetechindustryaretoogloomytobeoptimistic.44.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fizzled“inparagraph3mean?A.emergedB.benefitedC.failedD.sustained45.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastthreeparagraphs?A.Digitalpaymentwasn'tavailabletoIndiansatalluntilthestartofcovid.B.Inthepastyear,Amazonhasmainlydependedonitse-commercebusinessofprofits.C.Intheshiftofworkingonlinecloudificationisnolongeroptional!D.Themarketcapitalizationofthreelargestlistedcybersecurityfirmshaskeptrising.46.Whatisthebesttitleofthearticle?A.Techno-pessimistsRuletheLockdown.B.TheLockdownIndexSoundstheAlarm.CEconomicDepressionIsArriving.D.TechLosersandWinnersofthePandemic.SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.CanExerciseMakeYouMoreCreative?Ifyouoftenexercise,thereisagoodchanceyoualsotendtobemorecreative,accordingtoastudyofthelinksbetweenphysicalactivityandimagination.Thestudy,whichwaspublishedinScientificReports,findsthatactivepeoplecomeupwithmoreandbetterideasduringtestsoftheirinventivenessthanpeoplewhoarerelativelysedentary.Sciencealreadyoffersplentyofevidencethatphysicalactivityinfluenceshowwethink.Many

9studiesonpeopleandanimalsshowthatourbrainschangeinresponsetophysicalactivity,inpartbecauseduringexercisewemarinate6;ᒹourbrainswithextrablood,oxygenandnutrients.Inrodent9:;ᱥ#studies,animalsthatregularlyexerciseproducefarmorenewbraincellsthansedentarycounterparts,eveniftheyareelderly.47.However,creativityisoneofthemostabstractofthinkingskills,anditsrelationshipwithexercisehasnotbeenclear.Somepastresearchhadspeculatedthatgoodmoodsmightbetheintermediaryinkingactivityandcreativity.Accordingtothatidea,movingmakespeoplehappier,andtheirgoodcheerinturnstimulatestheircreativity.48.Tolearnmoreabouthowbeingactivecouldpossiblyaffectcreativityinthefirstplace,researchersattheUniversityofGrazinAustriatrackedthenormalactivitiesofagroupofhealthyadults.49Thentheyaskedthemtovisitthelabandlettheirimaginationssoar,conceivingnewusesfbrcartiresandumbrellasandfinishingpartialdrawings.Theresearchersthenratedtheiroutputonitsoriginalityandothermeasures.Thevolunteersalsocompletedstandardizedquestionnairesabouttheirmoods.Crosscheckingthedata,thescientistsfoundthatthemostactiveofthevolunteersprovedtobealsothemostcreative,especiallyiftheyoftenwalkedorexercisedmoderately.Activepeoplealsotendedtobeinhighspirits,althoughtheirmoodswerehighestiftheyengagedinvigorousactivities,ratherthanmoderateones.However,thecorrelationsbetweenactivity,creativityandmoodswereslight.50Thestudywasassociational,though,meaningthatitlookedatabriefmomentinpeople'slives.Itdidnotinvolvearandomizedexperimentandcannottellushowexerciseandotheractivitiesmightshapecreativity,ifnotbyraisingmoods,orshowwhetherabriskwalknowhelpsusbetterfinishanewspapercolumnorsomeothercreativeventurelater.Buttheresultsdosuggestthatactiveimaginationsstartwithactivelives.A.Inotherwords,exercisedoesnotdirectlyaffectcreativethinking.B.Theyequippedthesevolunteerswithactivitytrackersforfivedays.C.Throughexercise,peopletendtofeelrefreshedandfocusedonwhatthey'redoing.D.Creativityisaninnateability,whichcanbebroughtouttoitsfullpotentialwithsufficientexercise.E.Inpeople,too,exerciseimprovesourmoodsandtendstosharpenourabilitiestoreasonandremember.F.Thissuggestedthatitwasnotimprovedmoods,butphysicalactivity,thathadagreaterinfluenceoncreativity.IV.SummaryWriting51.Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint
softhepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.TheWorldShouldWelcometheRiseoftheRobots

10Theword"robot“wascoinedin1020bytheCzechplaywrightKarelCapek,whoimaginedartificial,fullyfunctionalservants.Formostoftheirhistory,however,robotshavebeendumb,inelegantmechanicaldevicessittingoutofsightinfactories.Thingsarestartingtochange,however.Robotshavebenefitedfromrapidinnovationsinsmartphones,whichbroughtcheapcamerasandsensors,fastwirelesscommunicationsandpowerful,smallercomputerchips.Morerecentadvancesinmachinelearninghaveaddedsoftwaretomakerobotsbetterinformedabouttheirsurroundingsandequippedthemtomakewiserdecisions.Robotsareleavingcarefullymanagedindustrialsettingsforeverydaylife.Inapandemic-ravagedworld,shortofworkersbutwithlotsofelderlyfolktolookafter,havingmorerobotstoboostproductivitywouldbeagoodthing.Andyetmanypeoplefearthatrobotswilldestroyjobs.Apaperin2013byeconomistsatOxfordUniversitywaswidelymisinterpretedasmeaningthat47%ofAmericanjobswereatriskofbeingautomated.Infact,concernsaboutmassunemploymentareoverblown.Theevidencesuggestsrobotswillbedisruptivebutultimatelybeneficialforlabourmarkets.JapanandSouthKoreahavethehighestrobotpenetrationbutverystrongwork-forces.AYaleUniversitystudythatlookedatJapanesemanufacturingbetween1978and2017foundthatanincreaseofonerobotunitper1,000workersboostedacompany'semploymentby2.2%,ResearchfromtheBankofKoreafoundthatrobotizationmovedjobsawayfrommanufacturingintoothersectors,butthattherewasnodecreaseinoverallvacancies.Inevitably,somepeoplewillbeonthelosingendofchangeevenastherobotsmakesocietyasawholebetteroff.Itmaytriggerapoliticalbacklash,becausethelosersfeelleftbehind.Thatisonemorereasonwhyfirmsandgovernmentswoulddowelltorecognizethevalueofretrainingandlifelonglearning.Asjobschange,workersshouldbehelpedtoacquirenewskills.Thepotentialgainsfromtherobotrevolutionarehuge.Thereisnoreasontothinktherobotswillrevoltagainsttheirhumanmastersandcausemassunemploymentandworse.V.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.52.“>ᨴ5''ḄᑴA〉ᵨDᡠᨵὃH஺basisJK#53.LMᵯOPQRHSPTU⏨WXYZ[ᩭ]^᧕஺remindJK#54.ᗊabcPde5fghijkPMlᔜMnᦗp0qPrs5ᑗuvwឮyz{஺
HardlyJK#

1155.z᝞}~⚞ḄᡠP᪗⚪ᔾP᝞⍝Ḅᑁ^᦬ᡈᐰHᨵPqὅḄ¡¢஺howeverJK#VI.GuidedWriting56.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.Ꮇ᝞¤¥¦§ḄH¨©஺rsª«¬HHSP®H◤°P¤ᡠᙠḄ᪥³ᑜᙠ᪥µ¶·¸¹5º»¼P½¾¿º»¼À⌱º5ºÃ“HᩭÄ”ஹ“ÇᳮÉᜩ”ஹ“ËÌÍÎÏᑜ”Г᪥µÑÒ”஺᪥zᙠᔣᐰÔHÕ°ÖP×᪥Øᑏ5ÚÄ஺ÄÛÜᒹÝÃ1.¤Þ⌱¸¹Ḅ»¼ß2.¤Ḅᳮᵫ஺VILSupplementaryExercise⌱áâãA.devotedB.negativelyC.windowD.tradingE.conclusionF.releaseG.reservesH.toppingI.perfectlyJ.stressK.attemptedAkeypartofstartingtoexerciseischoosingwhentoworkout.Morning,afternoon,orevening:Whichtimeisbest?Scientistshavestudiedthisdilemmaextensively.Riseandshineat5a.m.?Fornewexercisers,morningworkoutsareoftenthemostdreaded.Afterall,57acozy,nurturingbedforasterile,unforgivingfitnesscentercanbearudeawakeningtosaytheleast.Butmorningworkoutshavetheiradvantages.The58ofendorphin,alongwithafewothers,boostsenergylevels,alertness,andfocus,whichcanmakeyoumoreproductiveandattentiveatwork.YourarestrongerintheafternoonHowever,earlyexercisersmaynotbeabletoachievepeakperformance.Stiffer
äåḄ#muscles,fewerenergy59fromovernightfasting,andcoolerbodytemperatureadduptohamperexerciseoutput.Therefore,more60exercisersmightpreferworkingoutintheafternoon.“Thebest61forexplosiveathleticismseemstobebetween1p.m.and6p.m.”ShawnArent,chairoftheDepartmentofExerciseScienceattheUniversityofSouthCarolinatoldCNN.

12Areviewofstudiesfoundthatmusclestrength,musclepower,andsprintingabilitiesallpeakedintheafternoon,62morningperformancebyanywherefrom3%to20%.ExercisefornightowlsFinally,somefolksmaydecidetoworkoutlaterintheevening.Intenseexerciseperformedwithinanhourofone'sbedtimewillimpactthefollowingsleep63.Forthisreason,mostexerciseexpertsrecommendatleast90minutesofdowntimebetweenthe64ofanexercisesessionandgoingtobed.BeconsistentWhethermorning,afternoon,orevening,itisoptimalifexercisetimingremainssomewhatconsistent,researchhasfound.Still,itis65finetomixupyourworkouttimestofitwithourschedule.Theaveragepersonneednotworryoverwhentoworkout.Regularexerciseisperhapsthatsinglebestthingthathumanscandofortheirhealth,anditshouldn'tserveassomethingto66over.

132022-2023
9ᨴᔁI.ListeningcomprehensionᶍILGrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.AgreetoDisagreeIamoldenoughtorememberrunningthroughthewhippingraintofindaphonebooth,only](get)cutoffinthemiddleofthecallbecauseIranoutofchange.Irememberhavingpostedhand-writtenlettershomefromoverseasthatwouldtaketwoweekstoarrive.Incomparison,theworldofsocialmediaistrulyamiracle.Freeofcharge,you2contactanybody,anywhere,anytime.Socialmediaenablesustodebatewithpeopletheworldover.Andthisisagoodthinginsomeaspects.Inthemarket-placeofideas,yougettotryonotherpeople'sshoesandsee3theworldlookslikefromtheirperspective.Inthe90s,expertspredictedanendtohistoricalconflictbecausepeoplewouldbecomemoreopen-mindedandtolerant.Butthisissadlynotturningouttobethecase.AspsychologistJohnathanHaidtsaidinhisarticle"TheCoddingoftheAmericanMind,“socialmedia4(create)peoplewhoareaddictedtoconflictandisdrivingpolarization(᩽ᓄ).Becauseonlinedisagreementsarenolongerbeingconductedbetweentwopeopleinanenclosedroom,butareinsteadhappeninginapublicspacewiththousandsofonlookers,manydebateshavedevolvedintonothingmorethanapopularitycontest—whoeverwalksawaywiththemost“likes"5(crown)thewinner.Peopleoftensaythingstheydon'tbelieveinordertogetmorelikes.6sugar-themorelikesyouget,thebetteryoufeel.Meanwhile,socialmediaalgorithms()reinforceanechochamber().By7(expose)youtoarticlesandvideossimilarinopiniontothoseyou'veclickedonbefore,theylureyoudowntherabbithole8themediayouconsumeisreinforcingtheopinionsyoualreadyhave.Manyofushaveprobablygot9(stick)inaheateddebateoversomecontroversialtopic.Thismaynotmattermuchiftheconilictoccursbetweenstrangers.Butwhenitcomestoclosefamilyorfriends,theresultcanbeunpleasant.Manypeoplefinditreallyhardtofeelclosetotheirfriends10theyhavethesamebeliefs.Myadvicehereistobearinmindthefollowing:Youareentitledtoyouropinion;Ijusthappentothinkotherwise.Solet'sagreetodisagree.

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15çTᣵᐢ~ê$ᙠëTᡠSḄÉᙠíᓄT«!îᨵḄ¦]஺ᑖ᪆~$`aᜐÖïbyÆd$ᦑcᵨexposeḄðl$;“eÞ”஺ᦑOexposing஺ூ8⚪௃ὃBm஺ÜÝTeÞÄTÆß]àḄ¦]áâḄᦻäå⚣$twçTᣵᐢ~ê$ᙠëTᡠSḄÉᙠíᓄT«!îᨵḄ¦]஺ᑖ᪆~$`aᜐḄEBm$ᙠm@ᙢ]ñ$ò⛲ßᦻḄtherabbithole஺ᦑOwhere஺ூ9⚪௃ὃgô஺ᡃw@Ḅ©p[Uiõöᙠ6÷ᨵøḄ0⚪◍ᐭûüḄª஺@getstuckin;ABC$;“◍ᐭ"$stick;;“ýþ$ÿ”ᐸstuck,“ᓱḄḄḄ”,ᜐ⊤஺ᦑstuck஺ூ10⚪௃ὃ!஺"#$%&'()*+,ᨵḼ/0Ḅ123456Ḅ789ᑮ;<஺ᑖ᪆"?@AᜐBᵨ!!DEF"?஺ᜐ⊤GHIᐵKᦑBᵨalthough,LMHINO"஺ᦑallhough஺SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.personallyB.readinessC.safeD.demonstrateE.ensureF.comfortableG.facilitateH.courageI.intensivelyJ.appreciateK.identityInspiredMindsThinkAlikeAsaresearcherandstorytelleraboutpeoplewhomakealargepositiveimpactontheworldandwhattheydodifferently,Ihaveseenthatindividualswhohavethereal“goods“toinspireothershavesomethingthatotherfolksdon't.Infact,they11severalcriticaltraitsthatenlivenus,lightasparkinsideofus,andmakeuswanttobebetter,strongerandbigger.*TheyhaveusedallofthemselvestomakeadifferenceLookatthemostpopularTEDtalksthathavegoneviralandtouchedmillionsofpeople,andyouwillseepeoplewhostruggledintheirpastbutdecidedtousewhattheyhad12experiencedtolearnmore,digdeeper,andfinally,help13positivechangefbrothers.Thesein-spirershavegrown14beingtotallyauthenticPQ6ḄRandopenaboutwhotheyreallyare.Theynolongerworryaboutbeingrejected,scornedorputdown.Theyhavegrownbeyondfeelingthattheyhavetohideorsuppresspartsofthemselvesinordertobeaccepted.Anditistheirvery15touseallofthemselves-openlyandcourageously-thatinspiresandencouragesustodothesame.*Theyexpressloveandappreciationopenly,andhavedeepempathyforothers.Thosewhoinspireustobebetterarefullycapableofexperiencingempathy,andtheyopenlyexpresstheirabilitytounderstandourpersonal“stories“andwhatwefeeldeepdown.Insteadof

16overprotectingus,they16whoweareinside.Thismakesusfeel17aboutreyealingourmoreauthenticselvestoothersandallowsforustoevenmorefullybroadenthedefinitionandsensewehaveofourown18allwithouthavingtoworryaboutbeingembarrassedintheprocess.Loveandacceptanceisatthebasisofwhattheydo.Lookatthosewhohavemadethebiggestpositivedifferencethroughouthistory.Invariably,thereiscompassionandappreciationatthatheartofwhotheyareandwhattheystandfor.*TheybelieveincollectivepowerThosewhoinspireothersbelieveincollectivepowersothatpositivechangecanhappenmorequickly.Theirfocusisnotdirectedat19orsolelytryingtobuilduptheirownwealth,powerandinfluence.Theywanttoseeothersrise,growandexpand.Thafswhatfuelsthemandmotivatestheiractions,business,andgrowthstrategies.Indoingso,theycanbecomewealthy,powerfulandinfluential,butthisisonlyaby-productoftheirfocus,whichisdirectedatexpandingcollectivestrengthandpower,whileworkingto20thatwhatevertheydocontinuestomakeapositiveimpactontheworld.Whichofthesestraitsinspiresyoumosttobemoreofyourself?ூTᫀ௃11.D12.A13.G14.F15.B16.J17.C18.K19.120.EூM௃QᦻWXYZ[ᦻᦻ\]⌕▊`abcde&Ḅfg&ᡠᐹᨵḄjkᱯm஺ூ11⚪௃ὃ஺"#nopq5rGjkᐵsḄᱯmtgᱯmHᡃ5ᐙwxyz{ᡃ5ᑁ}Ḅ~Hᡃ5⌕ஹᜧ஺"?ᑖ᪆"]Oᔠ"@Aᜐ]"Ḅdemonstrate"rG☄”ᔠ"஺ᦑ⌱D஺ூ12⚪௃ὃ஺"#fgᨬḄTEDq5ᩭ9ᦪ£¤&¥¦ᑮXg&ᙠ¨©ᢳ«345¬ᑭᵨ¯°Ḅ;±ᔊᩭ³´%᢬᣾·ᨬF¸¹4&o(º᩽Ḅᦋ஺"?½᪀ᑖ᪆@Aᜐ¿⛲experiencedNpersonally“Q&;¯“ᔠ"஺ᦑ⌱A஺ூ13⚪௃ὃÁ஺"#fgᨬḄTEDq5ᩭ9ᦪ£¤&¥¦ᑮfg&ᙠ¨©ᢳ«3W45¬ᑭᵨ¯°Ḅ;±ᔊᩭ³´%᢬᣾·Âᨬø¹4&o(º᩽Ḅᦋ஺"?½᪀ᑖ᪆@AᜐÄ“help”ḄÅÄhelpḄÅÆÇÈto,ÉÈtoÊfacilitate"ËÌ,ËB”ᔠ"஺ᦑ⌱G஺

17ூ14⚪௃ὃ஺"#tgcdὅ´ÎÏÐᐰ6oஹÒ6oḄ¯°஺"?½᪀ᑖ᪆@Aᜐᙠ"Ó⊤comfortable“៝ÕÖḄ¯1×ØÙ⇋Ḅ¯ᙠḄ”ᔠ"஺ᦑ⌱F஺ூ15⚪௃ὃÛ஺"#ÜW45ÝÒᙢஹßᦢᙢᐙᑖᑭᵨ¯°ḄXᑗᩭcdâãdᡃ5Ét᪵å஺"?½᪀ᑖ᪆"æ"᪷èAEḄ“theirvery”@AᜐéÛᙠ"Ó]readiness"Ýê”Ûᔠ"஺ᦑ⌱B஺ூ16⚪௃ὃ஺"#45¦¨ëìíᡃ5×Wîïᡃ5Ḅᑁᙠ஺"?½᪀ᑖ᪆@Aᜐᙠ"Óappreciate“îïïð”ᔠ"஺ᦑ⌱J஺ூ17⚪௃ὃ஺"#tHᡃ5ᙠᔣ4&rG6oḄ¯ᡃÆ9ᑮòᐰÂHᡃ5ᐙᑖᙢ᡽ᜧᡃ5ô¯°±õḄöâ÷ð×øù}ᙠtk¨úÓ9ᑮûü஺"?½᪀ᑖ᪆@Aᜐᙠ"Ó“feel”Ḅ⊤safe“òᐰḄ”ᔠ"஺ᦑ⌱C஺ூ18⚪௃ὃÛ஺"#tHᡃ5ᙠᔣ4&rG6oḄ¯ᡃÆ9ᑮòᐰÂHᡃ5ᐙᑖᙢ᡽ᜧᡃ5ô¯°±õḄöâ÷ð×øù}ᙠtk¨úÓ9ᑮûü஺᪷èAEḄ“ofourown”@AᜐÅidentity“±õ”Ûᔠ"஺ᦑ⌱K஺ூ19⚪௃ὃ஺"#45ḄýzWþÓᡈᓫ
ᙢḄஹᩗ஺᪀ᑖ᪆ᜐ⛲trying!"#intensively“%&ᙢ”()*#+ᔠ-஺ᦑ⌱Ioூ20⚪23௃ὃ67*஺-89:;᪵=#>?@ABᨵஹDᜧᨵ#F;GH>?ᐵJḄ)KL#>?ḄᐵJMᙠO᡽ᜧ%QRᩗ#STUVW>?ᡠ=ḄYᑗ[\]^_K`᩽஺᪀ᑖ᪆ᜐ(7*#bcthatdeḄf"g#ensure“VW#Wh”(7*#+ᔠ-஺ᦑ⌱E஺III.ReadingComprehensionsSectionADirections:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

18Iimagineayoungman,aseniorinhighschool.Hisacademicperformanceisgoodenough.However,justashisparentsareabouttosendthe21checktoacollegewherehehasbeenaccepted,theyoungmanadmitsthathedoesn'twanttogotocollege.Hewantstowork,toearnaliving,tobeoutonhisown.Childrenhavetobuildtheirownlives.Butparentsdon'twantthemtocommiterrorsthatwillmakeithardertobuildthoselives.Howshouldchildrenandtheirparentsthinkaboutthis22?Collegeisoftendiscussedasa(n)23inthefuture:Youpayupfrontsoyoucanbenefitabundantlyfortherestofyourlife.Thefinancialbenefitsofacollegeeducationoverthepastdecadesindeedlookgreat.However,pastpcrfonnancewon'tnecessarilyensurefuturereturns.Tomaketheplotsmore24ஹfrom1989to2016,collegetuitionwentupby98percent.Thishasledtoalotofstudent-loandebt.Itmaybeworththecostforsomekidswhowanttogointoafieldthatrequiresacollegedegree,butothersdon'tknowwhattheywanttodoaftercollege,soforthemcollegeislikebuyinganexpensive25forfutureemployment.Still,it'sworthnotingthatin2019,just66percentofcollegegraduateswereinjobsrequiringacollegedegree.Whafsmore,asof2010,only27percentwereinjobsrelatedtotheircollegemajor.Perhapsyoudon'tprimarilyuse26analysistomakedecisionaboutyourlifeoryourchild's.Buteveryonewantstobehappy,andwantstheirchildtobehappyaswell.Solet'slookatthe27effectsofcollege.Somescholarshavefoundthat,whencontrollingforotherfactorsinlifesuchasincomeandreligiousfaith,educationbyitselfhasnoindependentexplanatory28overhappiness.Someactuallybelievethateducationisnegativelylinkedtohappiness,andhypothesizethatsomecollegeattendeesexchangelifesatisfactionfbrtheiracademic29.Andthere'sallthatstudentdebttoconsider.AccordingtoaGallupstudy,studentdebtisnegativelycorrelatedwithfinancialandphysicalhealthandsenseofpurpose,andis30lowwell-beingonthesedimensionsforaslongas25yearsaftergraduation.31.theonlythingwecansaywithassuranceis,“Itdepends.^^Onwhat?Ontheunique32ofeachperson.Achild'sgifts,circumstances,andcareerambitionsallaffectwhethercollegeistherightchoice.Mostofall,itdependsonwhattheywanttodo.Asalongtimeacademic,IcanassureyouthattheNo.133ofafailuretothriveincollegeisnotwantingtobethereinthefirstplace.Thatmaybeobvioustowould-bestudents,buttomanyoftheirparentsitisn't.Thecollegedecisionisoftenasmuchabouttheparentsasitisabouttheirkids.Ifseasyto34ourowndesiresontoourkids-totrytoseeourownpotentialcomealivethroughthem.Butit'samistake.Nooneisastart-upenterprise,andthereisnotjustonepathtosuccess.Thecollege-for-allfeverthathasovertakenmuchofourculture35giftsthatourkidshavetodevelopandshare.Infact,buildingtheirlifewithintegrityandgritiswhatallparentscouldeverask.

1921.A.securityB.depositC.informationD.routine22.A.dilemmaB.landscapeC.consequenceD.disappointment23.A.shelterB.investmentC.prospectD.victory24.A.evidentB.compellingC.complicatedD.realistic25.A.insuranceB.scamC.maintenanceD.lesson26.A.trial-errorB.question-answerC.cost-benefitD.pros-cons27.A.healthB.societyC.happinessD.education28.A.concernB.powerC.favorD.advantage29.A.prejudiceB.panicC.ambitionD.unemployment30.A.appliedtoB.blamedonC.informedofD.associatedwith31.A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.OtherwiseD.Furthermore32.A.fatesB.decisionsC.attributesD.inputs33.A.qualificationB.coverageC.witnessD.predictor34.A.projectB.oweC.adjustD.prefer35.A.highlightsB.justifiesC.ignoresD.visualizesூjᫀ௃21.B22.A23.B24.C25.A26.C27.C28.B29.C30.D31.B32.C33.D34.A35.Cூe"௃lᦻHYnopᦻ஺ᦻqprHᜧs`Hᔲ⌕vwᜧs஺ூ21⚪23௃ὃ6x**yz᪆஺-8ᯠ|#}ᙠ>Ḅ᱄ᜓἠ>ᡠḄYᡠᜧsT#;>wᜧs஺A.securityᐰB.depositC.informationfg8D.routine஺ᜐ⊤ḄH᱄ᜓsḄT᎛#¡wᜧs¢஺ᦑ⌱B஺ூ22⚪23௃ὃ6x**yz᪆஺-8£>?Ḅ᱄¤¥᝞§¨©;ª«᛻A.dilemma«᛻B.landscape®¯C.consequence¡D.disappointmentᜫ±஺᪷³´ᦻ"Hewantstowork,toearnaliving,tobeoutonhisown.#᱄l=µ¶£wᜧsḄᜓ#¡£·-vwᜧs#ᡠ@ᜐᢣḄH«᛻஺ᦑ⌱A஺

20ூ23⚪23௃ὃ6x**yz᪆஺-8wᜧs¹(H]ºᩭḄYªᢗ½஺A.shelter¾¿ᡠB.investmentᢗ½;C.prospect´¯D.victoryÁᑭ஺᪷³bᦻ"Youpayupfrontsoyoucanbenefitabundantlyfortherestofyourlife.#ᦟÄÅ(Yª]ºᩭḄᢗ½ᦑ⌱B஺ூ24⚪23௃ὃ6ÆÇ**yz᪆஺-8È⁚ÊËᩖḄH#g1989ᑮ2016#ᜧssw΢98%஺;eÏ¢ᜧRḄs`ÐÑÒ஺A.evidentᨵh³Ḅ#ÓÔḄ8B.compellingDᑴḄ;C.complicatedËᩖḄD.realisticÖ▭Ḅ஺᪷³´ᦻ“plot”#ᜐ⊤ÈØÊËᩖḄH஺ᦑ⌱C஺ூ25⚪23௃ὃ6x**yz᪆஺-8]OYÙÚᐭY◤⌕ᜧssÝḄ⚞ßḄ£ᩭà#;áHâBḄ#FãYÙ⍝>?åæb=çè#ᡠ@]>?ᩭà#ᜧs}é(ºᩭḄ}æê¢Yë᧊íḄW◅஺A.insuranceW◅B.scamïðC.maintenanceñᢝD.lessonóô#ᦟõ஺᪷³bᦻ“forfutureemployment.”#]Oö÷åæb=çèḄᩭàᜧs}é(ºᩭḄ}æê¢Yë᧊íḄW◅஺ᦑ⌱A஺ூ26⚪23௃ὃ6x**yz᪆஺-8øùúᙠ(úᡈú£Ḅ`ü=ýþTÿ
⌕ᵨᡂᦔᑖ᪆஺A.trial-error┯B.question-answerC.cost-beneᡂᦔD.prosLconsᑭ஺᪷ᦻ**Collegeisoftendiscussedasa(n)3inthefuture”ᙠ"#$%&'Ḅ)᎛+ὃ⇋ᡂ./ᨵ12ᜧ45ᡂ6ᢗ8ᡈὅ6;◅ὃ⇋ᦈ஺ᦑ⌱C஺ூ27⚪BC௃ὃEFGGHI᪆஺JKLMᡃ55ᜧ4OPQRḄST஺A.healthᏉVB.societyW+C.happinessPQD.educationᦟY஺᪷ᦻ“wantstheirchildtobehappyaswell”᱄[\M#$PQ஺ᦑ⌱C஺ூ28⚪BC௃ὃEFGGHI᪆஺JKL]^4ὅ_`abᑴdefḄᐸhij᝞ᦈᐭmᦟno)ᦟYp./ᨵqrḄCsPQḄtu஺A.concernᐵwB.powertuC.favorx᰿D.advantagez{஺᪷ᦻ“byitselfhasnoindependentexplanatory"ᦟYp./ᨵqrḄCsPQḄtu஺ᦑ⌱B஺ூ29⚪BC௃ὃEFGGHI᪆஺JKLᨵ^|}▭2"ᦟYPQᐵ.Ꮇ]^ᜧ4dᵨdeKᩭᣚ4஺A.prejudiceB.panicអC.ambitionwD.unemploymentᜫ஺᪷ᦻ“exchangelifesatisfaction”]^ᜧ4dᵨdeK

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GallḄ]⚗Ẇ4dஹp¡ᏉV¢᪗Rᕈᐵ.¥¦§¨25©ḄªPQRᐵ஺A.appliedto«ᵨB.blamedon¬C.informedofD.associatedwithὶ¯஺᪷ᦻ"studentdebtisnegativelycorrelatedwithfinancialandphysicalhealthandsenseofpurpose"4dஹp¡ᏉV¢᪗Rᕈᐵ.¥¦§¨25©ḄªPQRᐵ஺ᦑ⌱D஺ூ31⚪BC௃ὃE°GGHI᪆஺JKLᯠ²ᡃ³]´µ'ᙢ·Ḅ6L“¹⌕5º»஺”&½¾¿À☢ÂÃÄ|ḄqᱯÆឋ஺A.howeverᯠ²B.thereforeiÈ;C.otherwiseᔲᑣ;D.furthermoreÈ᜜ÍÎ]Ï஺Èᜐ⊤ÒiÓᐵ¯஺ᦑ⌱B஺ூ32⚪BC௃ὃEFGGHI᪆஺JKLÔ2஺A.fatesÕÖB.decisions&'C.attributesÆឋD.inputsᢗᐭ஺᪷§ᦻ“eachperson”Èᜐ2ᜧ4ḄKH&½Ä|ḄÆឋ×»஺ᦑ⌱Coூ33⚪BC௃ὃEØFGGHI᪆஺JKLᡃÙᔣÛ;Ü]Ä|ᙠᜧ4ÝÞàᡂḄ✌⌕ijâ6]ãäâ\2ᜧ4஺A.qualification8åB.coverage⌚çC.witness¢èὅÜD.predictor⚜Ò஺᪷“ofafailure”Èᜐ⊤ÒᜫêḄ⚜Ò⊤ë#$ìí\2ᜧ4î஺ᦑ⌱D஺ூ34⚪BC௃ὃEFGGHI᪆஺JKLᡃïð᧕1òóḄôõᢗöᑮ#$p2——Ḽúh5ᑮòóḄût஺A.project⚜üᢗöB.oweýC.adjustþ᦮D.prefer
᰿஺᪷ᦻ“ourowndesiresontoourkids”᧕Ḅᢗᑮ஺ᦑ⌱Aoூ35⚪!௃ὃ$%&&'(᪆஺*+,-ᔁᡃ0ᦻᓄḄᐰ3ᜧ567890:;<=>ᑖ@ḄᜩB஺A.highlightsCD;B.justifiesFGC.ignores78;D.visualizes8ᓄ஺᪷Hᦻaovertakenmuchofourculture"ᐰ3ᜧ567890:;<=>ᑖ@ḄᜩB஺ᦑ⌱C஺SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingtwopassage.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoices

22markedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Twothingschangedmylife:mymotherandawhiteplasticbikebasket.Ihavethoughtlongandhardaboutitandit'strue.Iwouldbeadifferentpersonifmymomhadn'tturnedasillybicycleaccessoryintoalifelessonIcarrywithmetoday.Mymotherandfatherwereunitedintheirwayofraisingchildren,butitmostlyfelltomymothertoactuallycarryitout.Lookingback,Ihonestlydon'tknowhowshedidit.Managingthefamilybudgetmusthavebeenaveryhardtask.,butshemadeitlookeffortless.Ifwecomplainedaboutnothavingwhatanotherkiddid,we'dhearsomethinglike,"Idon'tcarewhatso-and-sogotforhisbirthday,youarenotgettingaTVinyourroom/acarforyourbirthdayalavishsweet-16party.,,Wehadtoearnourallowancebydoingchoresaroundthehouse.Icanstillrememberhowlongittooktopolishthelegsofourcoffeetable.Mybrotherscannodoubtrememberhoursspentcleaningthehouse.LikethetwolittlegirlsgrowingupattheWhiteHouse,wemadeourownbeds(nooneleftthehouseuntilthatwasdone)andpickedupafterourselves.Wehadtokeeptrackofourbelongings,andifsomethingwaslost,itwasnotreplaced.Itwassummerand,oneday,mymotherdrovemetothebikeshoptogetatirefixed-andthereitwasinthewindow.White,shiny,plasticanddecoratedwithflowers,thebasketwinkedatmeandIknew-Iknew-Ihadtohaveit."It'sbeautiful,mymothersaidwhenIpointeditouttoher,“Whataneatbasket.^^Itriedtoholdoffatfirst,Iplayeditcoolforashortwhile.ButthenIguessIcouldn'tstanditanylonger:4tMon,pleasecanIplease,pleasegetit?Fildoextrachoresforaslongasyousay,I'lldoanything,butIneedthatbasket,Ilovethatbasket.Please,Mom.Please?^^Iwasdesperate.“Youknow,“shesaid,gentlyrubbingmybackwhilewebothstaredatwhatIbelieveswasthecoolestthingever,uIfyousaveupyoucouldbuythisyourself.^^“BythetimeImakeenoughit'llbegone!,,“MaybeRogerherecouldholditforyou,“shesmiledatRoger,thebikeguy.“Hecan'tholditforthatlong,Mom.Someoneelsewillbuyit.Please,Mom,Please?^^“Theremightbeanotherway,“shesaid.Andsoourpayingplanunfolded.MymotherboughtthebeautifulbasketandputitsafelyinsomehidingplaceIcouldn'tfind.EachweekIeagerlycountedmygrowingsavingincreasedbyextraworkhereandthere(washingthecar,helpingmymothermakedinner,deliveringorcollectingthingsonmybikethatalreadylookednakedwithoutthebasketinfront).Andthen,weekslater,Icounted,re-countedandjumpedforjoy.Oh,happyday!Imadeit!Ifinallyhadtheexactamountwe'dagreedupon....Dayslatertheunthinkablehappened.AneighborhoodgirlTdplayedwithmillionsoftimesappearedwiththeexactsamebasketfixedtohershiny,newbikethatalreadyhadallthebellsand

23whistles.Irodehardandfasthometotellmymotheraboutthisdisaster.Thishorribleturnofevents.Andthencamethelesson.Evetakenwithmethroughmylife:"Honey,yourbasketisextraLspecial,Momsaid,gentlywipingawaymyhottears."Yourbasketisspecialbecauseyoupaidfbrityoursel£^^36.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Theauthorcamefromswell-offfamily.B.ThechildrenwerefondoftheUSpresident'sdaughters.C.Themotherraisedherchildreninanunusualway.D.Thechildrenenjoyeddoinghousework.37.Byusing“naked”(Paragraph12),theauthorseemstostressthatthebasketwas.A.somethingimpossibletogetB.somethingshecouldaffordC.somethingshecoulddowithoutD.somethingimportanttoher38.Totheauthor,itseemedtobeahorribleturnofeventsthatA.thebasketcostmorethanshehadsavedB.somethingspoiledherpayingplanC.someoneelsehadgotabasketofthesamekindD.aneighborhoodgirlhadboughtanewbike39.Whatisthelifelessontheauthorlearnedfromhermother?A.SavemoneyforarainydayB.Goodadviceisbeyondallprice.C.GodhelpsthosewhohelpthemselvesD.EarnyourbreadwithyoursweatூJᫀ௃36.C37.D38.C39.Dூᑖ᪆௃LᦻMNOPQᦻ஺RὅTUVWXYZ[Ḅᦟ]^_஺`aNbcdeḄfgVWᦟhRὅijfgk⌕mno`apmqᑮḄrstuᨬwxḄ஺ூ36⚪!௃yᳮᑨ|⚪஺᪷}~Ḅ“Wehadtoearnourallowancebydoingchoresaroundthehouse...wemadeourownbeds(nooneleftthehouseuntilthatwasdone)andpickedupafterourselves.Wehadtokeeptrackofbelongs,andifsomethingwaslost,itwasnotreplaced.“ᡃ0YqYᩭᵨ……ᡃ0(YY)ᦈrs஺ᡃ0:;Ḅrs᝞ᨵijrsᜫ9Yhᨵ஺ᵫ¡ᑨ|RὅḄVWᵨYZ[Ḅ^_ᦟ]஺ᦑ⌱C஺ூ37⚪!௃&'¢£⚪஺᪷}ᓝ~Ḅ“washingthecar,helpingmymothermakedinner,deliveringorcollectingthingsonmybikethatalreadylookednakedwithoutthebasketinfronl(¥d¦ᝤᝤ

24¨©ªḼcd〈ᡈᦈrscdH☢°ᨵe±ᩭnaked”ὶ³}´Ḅ“White,shiny,plasticanddecoratedwithflowers,thebasketwinkedatmeandIknew-Iknew--1hadtohaveit.
µb¶⁐ஹ¹ºஹᛛᧇஹ½⛲Ḽ¿ÀḄeÁᡃḰ9ḰÃÄᡃ⍝NNᡃ⍝——ᡃ:;ÇᨵÈ஺É”RὅË[Ì⌕Nbe஺y|RὅÍq°ᨵµbecd±ᩭᐝÏÏḄÐᵨ"naked“ᐝÏÏḄ””µb&ÒÓµbeX᝛ÕÖu×⌕Ḅrsᦑ⌱D஺ூ38⚪!௃yᳮᑨ|⚪஺᪷}ᓝ´“AneighborhoodgirlI'dplayedwithmillionsoftimesappearedwiththeexactsamebasketfixedtohershiny,newbikethatalreadyhadallthebellsandwhistles.Irodehardandfasthometolellmymotheraboutthisdisaster.Thishorribleturnofevents.^^Nb>ᡃN±Ø9ᦪÚÛÜḄÝÞḄ᝕à9᝛áâ¹¹ãᐝḄäcdᢞḼNbæᐰN᪵Ḅe☢èéᢞê9ëì>íî஺ᡃïðñTÌòóVWµôõö஺f᝱Ḅ᝿ùú஺ᵫ¡RὅûMᐸýþᨵ>᝛ÿḄ஺ᦑ⌱C஺ூ39⚪௃ᳮᑨ⚪஺᪷ᨬ“Yourbasketisspecialbecauseyoupaidforityourself.Ḅᱯ!"#$Ḅ%஺&''()ᔠ+ᦻ-./ὅ12"#3456789Ḅᦟ;<=஺>?"@AḄBC34ᦟD/ὅEFBCG⌕"IJK>?"#LIMᑮḄOPQᨬRSḄ஺ᵫUᑨV/ὅḄᝤᝤᦟ;/ὅ⌕>?"#ḄLIXMY⌕ḄOPZ[Earnyourbreadwithyoursweat஺ᦑ⌱D஺B
BecomeanAtlantisJr.Aquaristandspend3daysworkingwithmarinelife!Foodpreppingtofeedingtheanimalstosnorkeling]^&andlearningaboutcoralreefs,ifsaweekofmarineadventure!MarineAdventureCampJune24-28;Monday-FridayJuly8-12;Monday-FridayJuly29-August2;Monday-FridayAugust12-16;Monday-FridayCampHours5days/4nightsAges:10to14Monday:5:45p.m.to7:30p.m.Price:$595(notinclusiveofTuesday:8:00a.m.to3:00p.m.

25roomcost)Wednesday:9:00a.m.to5:30p.m.Thursday:9:00a.m.to4:00p.m.Friday:Checkout(oryoumayextendyourstayonyourown).*Pleasenote:Programmingsubjecttochangebasedonweatherconditions.PackageComponentsDressCode1.Amenity(`ᑭbT-Shirtsc)PackageShortsSwimsuits—CampNameBadgeWaterShoes(Sincemostwatershoesareuncomfortableforthe--MaskandSnorkel(efgamountofwalkingtheydo,especiallywhenwet,theyarenotᔾi)allowedtochangeintowatershoeswhentheypreparetoswim.)-MessengerBagSunBlock—Cap—TowelImportantNotes--MarineLifeGuide—WaterBottle2.WelcomeDinner3.Lunchfor3days(venuetobedetermined)4.BehindtheSceneswithourSeaKeeperTeam5.BehindtheSceneswithAllattendeesmustbeabletoswimwithoutassistance.ourMarineMammalTeamAllattendeesmustspeakfluentEnglish.6.FishfoodpreparationandCampnamebadgemustbeworndaily.handfeedingAttendees.MUSTbeatleast10yearsofage.7.RuinsSnorkel8.Stingray(j)Snorkel9.BlueAdventureSnorkelTrip10.SharkWalkwithStuartCove40.YoucangettoknowalltheinformationabouttheMarineAdventureCampEXCEPTA.camphoursB.campprice

26C.thingstobringD.dailyschedules41.TheMarineAdventurecampissuitablefor.A.Tom,whohasjustgraduatedfromhighschoolB.Jerry,whohassavedup600dollarsforsummerholidayC.Mary,alocal6graderwholikesswimmingD.Edward,whohasjustbeenemployedasanaquarist42.Whichofthefollowingcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.Attendeesdon'twearwatershoeswhentheygoswimming.B.Allattendeesmustcheckoutonthelastdayofthecamp.C.Theprogramsarefixedandnominorchangeswillbemade.D.Attendeeswillhavea5-dayexperienceworkingwithmarinelifeinthecamp.ூkᫀ௃40D41.C42.Aூmn௃oᦻpqᵨᦻ஺ᦻstuvwxᱯᐲ™{e|✂iᳮᕒḄᑈ◅᣸஺ூ40⚪௃⁚ᳮ⚪஺᪷⊤Ḅ“CampHours⃩&""Price&"“PackageComponentsᒹ&”-.ᦻdailyschedules஺ᦑ⌱D஺ூ41⚪௃⁚ᳮ⚪஺᪷⊤ImportantNotesᑖ“AHattendeesmustbeabletoswimwithoutassistance4ᡠᨵ¢£ὅ¤¥¦§ᙠ©ᨵª«ḄC¬f®஺&”“Ages:10to14
¯°±10ᑮ14²&”-.³´µᙢḄ·¯¸¹Kº»®〉ᔠ¢£½஺ᦑ⌱C஺ூ42⚪௃ᳮᑨ⚪஺᪷DressCodeᑖ“WaterShoes
Sincemostwatershoesareuncomfortablefortheamountofwalkingtheydo,especiallywhenwet,theyarenotallowedtochangeintowatershoeswhentheypreparetoswim.e¾!ᜧÀᦪe¾ᙠÂÃ7—ÅÆᐸÈḄ᎛ᡠÊËᙠÌᜓ®7ᐕÏᣚÑe¾஺&”-.¢£ὅÒ®7Óe¾஺ᦑ⌱A஺C
Intheearlydaysofcovid-19,thetechindustrywasconsumedbyasenseofexcitement.Withbillionsofpeoplelockeddownathome,workandplaywereshiftingonline.Manyhopedthatthenewnormalwouldsparkahugeproductivityboomasfirmsdigitizedandworkersspentlesstimecommuting.Theexcitementwasmostevidentinstock-markets,whereanyfirmrelatedtothistrendsawitssharepricesurge.Thetech-heavyNASDAQroseby88%.Thecrazyhasended.TodaythelockdownlunacyindexÔÕᢣᦪ&whichincludesNetflix,astreamingservice;Peloton,amakeroffancyexercisebikes;Robin-hood,astock-tradingapp;Shopify,ande-commerceplatform;andZoom,avideoconferencingfirm-hasfallenbymorethan

2780%fromitspeak.HowworryingisthisreturntoEarth?Tobesure,someofitreflectsgloomierprospectsfortheglobaleconomy.Anditisdisappointingthattwoyearsofdigitizationandremoteworkhavenotprovidedclearevidenceofaproductivityboom.Yettherearereasonsstilltobetechno-optimistic.Muchoftheearlyenthusiasmmaysimplyhavebeenfocusedonthewrongtypesoffirm.Thoughthepandemicdarlingshavefizzled,theshifttowardsevergreaterdigitizationcontinues.Thetruewinnersarenottheflashyconsumer-techfirms,butthecompaniesthatprovidetheinfrastructuretoenablethisshift.Lookbeyondtheboomandbustofconsumertech,andyouseetherealsuccesses.Themarketfortheinfrastructuretechnologythatunderpinspeople'sdailylives,suchascloudcomputing,cyberLsecurityanddigitalpayments,isbooming.Thecloud-computingindustryisexpectedtogrowtoalmost$500bnthisyear,upfrom$243bnin2019.Amazon'scloudoffering,thelargestintheworld,isstillgrowingat33%eachyear.Itaccountedforthree-quartersofthefirm'soperatingincomeoverthepast12months,andisproppingupthetechgiant'sailinge-commercebusiness.ItsclosestrivalsarethecloudservicesofMicrosoftandGoogle.Theirannualsalesaregrowingby40%and36%,respectively.Cloudificationhascreatednewdemandsforcybersecurity,anothertechwinner.Thecombinedrevenueatthethreelargestlistedcybersecurityfirmshasalmostdoubledsincethestartofthepandemic.Theirmarketcapitalisationhastripled,andhascomedownonlyafractionsincethestartoftheyear.Digitalpaymentsareanotherbrightspot,thankstolockdownsandsocialdistancing.Three-quartersofiPhoneownersuseApplyPay,upfromhalfin2019,andnineoutoftenAmericanretailersnowacceptitasapaymentmethod.Almost200mpeopleinIndiaandChinahaveusedsomeformofdigitalpaymentforthefirsttimesincetheonsetofcovid.Thebubblemayhaveburstonthepandemic'sdarlings,butthedrumbeatofdigitizationcontinues.Thelessobvioustechnologiesthatprovidetheunderlyinginfrastructurefortheshiftarethetruebeneficiariesofcovid.Whetherthesewillfuelaproductivityboostonedayremainstobeseen.Buttherewasmoregoingonduringthepandemicthanlockdowncrazy.43.Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Techindustrypredictedaproductivityboominthelockdown,whichprovedtrue.B.Thesharepricesofcustomer-techcompaniessharplyrocketedandthendeclined.C.Robinhoodisatechcompanyspecializainginmeetingdemandsforcybersecurity.D.Theprospectsofthetechindustryaretoogloomytobeoptimistic.44.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fizzled“inparagraph3mean?A.emergedB.benefitedC.failedD.sustained45.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastthreeparagraphs?A.Digitalpaymentwasn'tavailabletoIndiansatalluntilthestartofcovid.B.Inthepastyear,Amazonhasmainlydependedonitse-commercebusinessofprofits.

28C.Intheshiftofworkingonline,cloudificationisnolongeroptional!D.Themarketcapitalizationofthreelargestlistedcybersecurityfirmshaskeptrising.46.Whatisthebesttitleofthearticle?A.Techno-pessimistsRuletheLockdown.B.TheLockdownIndexSoundstheAlarm.C.EconomicDepressionIsArriving.D.TechLosersandWinnersofthePandemic.ூkᫀ௃43.B44.C45.C46.Dூmn௃×pØÙᦻᦻsÚ⌕tuvÛÜÝCfᢈßàáâãáᙠäåæçᢈèéᙠêᔊì₫îïᔣ⃫ᩩóᥛõ9KḄöẠbcᢈßèéᙠøùúû஺[43⚪௃⁚ᳮ⚪஺᪷üýüþ"Lookbeyondtheboomandbustofconsumertech,andyouseetherealsuccesses.ÿ
ᢈḄ₫⃫ᩩᑮḄᡂ஺”
ᢈᔊ₫⃫ᩩᔠ!"#᎔ᦪ!&'"Theexcitementwasmostevidentinstock-markets,whereanyfirmrelatedtothistrendsawitssharepricesurge.
()ᐶ+ᙠ-./⊤12ᨬ45678()9:;ᐵḄḄ-=>?1@ᓣ஺B"!&#"Thecrazyhasended.TodaythelockdownlunacyindexDEFᢣᦪB"whichincludesNetflix,astreamingservice;Peloton,amakeroffancyexercisebikes;Robin-hood,astock-tradingapp;Shopify,ande-commerceplatform;andZoom,avideoconferencingfirm-hasfallenbymorethan80%fromitspeak.D()FHIJ஺᝞LᒹNOPQRSNetflixஹU᫏ᏉXYZ[ᑴ⌼ᖪPelotonஹ-ἠ`᧕bᵨRobinhood>ᵯᖪefShopifyghi⚣kZoomᙠᑁḄ“n┝EFᢣᦪ”Ḅ-=qrᨬUstu80%g/஺B”
ᢈḄ-=ᜧx@ᓣᯠztu஺ᦑ⌱B஺ூ44⚪௃⚪஺᪷!#ᨬz'uThoughthepandemicdarlingshavefizzled,theshifttowardsevergreaterdigitizationcontinues.Thetruewinnersarenottheflashyconsumer-techfirms,butthecompaniesthatprovidetheinfrastructuretoenablethisshift.
ᜧOZḄIfizzled,ᔣᩭᜧḄᦪᓄḄᙠ஺Ḅ¡Ḅ
ᢈ¢£¤Ạ¦§g¡1("Ḅ஺B”gh!¨#!"'“Lookbeyondtheboomandbustofconsumertech,andyouseetherealsuccesses.D©
ᢈḄ₫⃫ᩩᑮḄᡂ஺B”'ªḄ"thepandemicdarlings"ᢣḄᙠ«¬®-=E¯z°tuḄ
ᢈ±ᔠᑜ³ᡠᙠ'µªḄ"though"gh¶'<4theshifttowardsevergreaterdigitizationcontinues.n·fizzledᙠ'ª¸¹“therealsuccesses”;ºᡠgC⌱⚗fail“ᜫ½”¾ᔠ'¸ᦑ⌱C஺ூ45⚪௃

29·ᳮᑨÁ⚪஺᪷!¨#!&'"Themarketfortheinfrastructuretechnologythatundeipinspeople'sdailylives,suchascloudcomputing,cyber-securityanddigitalpayments,isbooming.DÂÃÄஹÅÆÇᐰᦪÉÊËÉᥛÍÎÏÐÑÒḄ¤Ạ¦§ᢈÓ.ÔᙠÕÖ×Ø஺B”ÂÃÄÉᥛÍÎÏÐÑÒḄᢈÓ¦§ᢈÓᔠᨬz"#“Thebubblemayhaveburstonthepandemic'sdarlings,butthedrumbeatofdigitizationcontinues.Thelessobvioustechnologiesthatprovidetheunderlyinginfrastructurefortheshiftarethetruebeneficiariesofcovid.Whetherthesewillfuelaproductivityboostonedayremainstobeseen.Buttherewasmoregoingonduringthepandemicthanlockdowncrazy.
Ù«¬ḄÚÛÜqẚÞᦪᓄḄßàᙠ஺áâÍãäḄᢈÓ4("¢£¤Ạ¦§åÎæçèéêḄëìὅ஺(ᔲᙠïᩭḄð"ᜩ·òÑóôḄ¢Uõᨵ÷øù஺«¬®×ÑḄúún┝ḄEFZ4஺B”ᦪᓄḄûüÂÃÄˤẠ¦§ᢈÓᦑ⌱C஺ூ46⚪௃¶ýᜧ¸⚪஺᪷!"#!"'"Intheearlydaysofcovid-19,ihetechindustrywasconsumedbyasenseofexcitement.DᙠçèéꫬþᢈZÿ
ᙠ஺”ᨬ“Thoughthepandemicdarlingshavefizzled,theshifttowardsevergreaterdigitizationcontinues.Thetruewinnersarenottheflashyconsumer-techfirms,butthecompaniesthatprovidetheinfrastructuretoenablethisshift.”ᦻᐵᢈẠ"#ᢈ$Ḅ&'()*+,ᦻ-⌕/01234ᢈḄ565789Ạ"#ᢈ$Ḅ:;<₫*ᡠD⌱⚗“TechLosersandWinnersofthePandemic.A234Ḅᢈ$BCDC”EF᪗⚪IJᭆLᐰᦻ*ᦑ⌱D஺SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.CanExerciseMakeYouMoreCreative?Ifyouoftenexercise,thereisagoodchanceyoualsotendtobemorecreative,accordingtoastudyofthelinksbetweenphysicalactivityandimagination.Thestudy,whichwaspublishedinScientificReports,findsthatactivepeoplecomeupwithmoreandbetterideasduringtestsoftheirinventivenessthanpeoplewhoarerelativelysedentary.Sciencealreadyoffersplentyofevidencethatphysicalactivityinfluenceshowwethink.Manystudiesonpeopleandanimalsshowthatourbrainschangeinresponsetophysicalactivity,inpartbecauseduringexercisewemarinateA
Oourbrainswithextrablood,oxygenandnutrients.InrodentAPQRᱥstudies,animalsthatregularlyexerciseproducefarmorenewbraincellsthan

30sedentarycounterparts,eveniftheyareelderly.47.However,creativityisoneofthemostabstractofthinkingskills,anditsrelationshipwithexercisehasnotbeenclear.Somepastresearchhadspeculatedthatgoodmoodsmightbetheintermediaryinkingactivityandcreativity.Accordingtothatidea,movingmakespeoplehappier,andtheirgoodcheerinturnstimulatestheircreativity.48.Tolearnmoreabouthowbeingactivecouldpossiblyaffectcreativityinthefirstplace,researchersattheUniversityofGrazinAustriatrackedthenormalactivitiesofagroupofhealthyadults.49Thentheyaskedthemtovisitthelabandlettheirimaginationssoar,conceivingnewusesforcartiresandumbrellasandfinishingpartialdrawings.Theresearchersthenratedtheiroutputonitsoriginalityandothermeasures.Thevolunteersalsocompletedstandardizedquestionnairesabouttheirmoods.Crosscheckingthedata,thescientistsfoundthatthemostactiveofthevolunteersprovedtobealsothemostcreative,especiallyiftheyoftenwalkedorexercisedmoderately.Activepeoplealsotendedtobeinhighspirits,althoughtheirmoodswerehighestiftheyengagedinvigorousactivities,ratherthanmoderateones.However,thecorrelationsbetweenactivity,creativityandmoodswereslight.50Thestudywasassociational,though,meaningthatitlookedatabriefmomentinpeople'slives.Itdidnotinvolvearandomizedexperimentandcannottellushowexerciseandotheractivitiesmightshapecreativity,ifnotbyraisingmoods,orshowwhetherabriskwalknowhelpsusbetterfinishanewspapercolumnorsomeothercreativeventurelater.Buttheresultsdosuggestthatactiveimaginationsstartwithactivelives.A.Inotherwords,exercisedoesnotdirectlyaffectcreativethinking.B.Theyequippedthesevolunteerswithactivitytrackersforfivedays.C.Throughexercise,peopletendtofeelrefreshedandfocusedonwhatthey'redoing.D.Creativityisaninnateability,whichcanbebroughtouttoitsfullpotentialwithsufficientexercise.E.Inpeople,too,exerciseimprovesourmoodsandtendstosharpenourabilitiestoreasonandremember.F.Thissuggestedthatitwasnotimprovedmoods,butphysicalactivity,thathadagreaterinfluenceoncreativity.ூUᫀ௃47.E48.A49.B50.FூXY௃Zᦻ[\]^ᦻ஺ᦻ▊`Ḅ[abIcdeᨵg⌼i஺ூ47⚪&j௃᪷lmnḄ"InrodentAPQRᱥstudies,animalsthatregularlyexerciseproducefarmorenewbraincellsthansedentarycounterparts,eveniftheyareelderly.
ᙠPQRᱥẆp*qrsRḄRᱥ)tᙶvRḄRᱥwxeyḄzᾯ'|*ᓽ~[ὁḄRᱥ”+,*ᜐ`Ḅ[qrsRᙠRᱥᡠᑮḄ᩽Eᵨ*ᦻ▊`sR(ᡠwxḄ᩽ᦔ

31஺ᦑE⌱⚗“Inpeople,too,exerciseimprovesourmoodsandtendstosharpenourabilitiestoreasonandremember.
(ᩭ]*abIᦋᗐᡃḄ3*ᔣ8ᡃḄᳮIi”¡¢nᦻ*£ᔠY᛻஺ᦑ⌱E஺ூ48⚪&j௃᪷lnᦻuAccordingtothatidea,movingmakespeoplehappier,andtheirgoodcheerinturnstimulatestheircreativity.A᪷l¦§¨*sR©ceª«*¬Ḅª«®ᩭ¯©°±¬Ḅg⌼i”+,*sR±²Ḅg⌼i[³F´R1Ḅ᩽3*ᓽµ¶¢±²g⌼i஺A⌱⚗“Inotherwords,exercisedoesnotdirectlyaffectcreativethinking.Aᣚ¸]*abv©¶¢¹ºg⌼ឋ¼½”¡¢nᦻ*£ᔠY᛻஺ᦑ⌱A஺ூ49⚪&j௃᪷lnᦻḄ“Tolearnmoreabouthowbeingactivecouldpossiblyaffectcreativityinthefirstplace,researchersattheUniversityofGrazinAustriatrackedthenormalactivitiesofagroupofhealthyadults.
F1¾¿1jsR[᝞Á¹ºÂU⌼iḄ*ᝍᙢᑭÆÇ₈ᜧÊḄẆpᕒÌÍ1ÎᏉÐᡂḄ;rÒR”+,*ᜐ[ÊC(ÎᏉÐᡂÓÔ1Ẇp஺B⌱⚗“Theyequippedthesevolunteerswithactivitytrackersforfivedays.A¬ÕÖF¦×ØÙὅÛᜓ1FÝÞᜩḄÒRÌÍᘤ஺”Ḅthey¡¢nᦻ*ᢣâḄ[nᦻḄẆpὅ*volunteersᢣâḄ[nᦻḄÎᏉÐᡂ஺ᦑ⌱B஺ூ50⚪&j௃᪷lnᦻuHowever,thecorrelationsbetweenactivity,creativityandmoodswereslight.
ᯠä*Òåæஹg⌼i3èéḄêᐵឋëì”+,*g⌼i3èéḄêᐵឋëì*F⌱⚗“Thissuggestedthatitwasnotimprovedmoods,butphysicalactivity,thathadagreaterinfluenceoncreativity.A¦⊤^*(g⌼iᨵeᜧ¹ºḄv[î3Ḅᦋᗐ*ä[ïÒR”¡¢nᦻ*jð1g⌼i3èéḄêᐵឋëìᓽg⌼iᨵeᜧ¹ºḄv[î3Ḅᦋᗐ*ä[ïÒR஺ᦑ⌱F஺IV.SummaryWriting51.Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint
softhepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.TheWorldShouldWelcometheRiseoftheRobotsTheword“robot“wascoinedin1020bytheCzechplaywrightKarelCapek,whoimaginedartificial,fullyfunctionalservants.Formostoftheirhistory,however,robotshavebeendumb,inelegantmechanicaldevicessittingoutofsightinfactories.Thingsarestartingtochange,however.Robotshavebenefitedfromrapidinnovationsinsmartphones,whichbroughtcheapcamerasandsensors,fastwirelesscommunicationsandpowerful,smallercomputerchips.Morerecentadvancesinmachinelearninghaveaddedsoftwaretomake

32robotsbetterinformedabouttheirsurroundingsandequippedthemtomakewiserdecisions.Robotsareleavingcarefullymanagedindustrialsettingsforeverydaylife.Inapandemic-ravagedworld,shortofworkersbutwithlotsofelderlyfolktolookafter,havingmorerobotstoboostproductivitywouldbeagoodthing.Andyetmanypeoplefearthatrobotswilldestroyjobs.Apaperin2013byeconomistsatOxfordUniversitywaswidelymisinteipretedasmeaningthat47%ofAmericanjobswereatriskofbeingautomated.Infact,concernsaboutmassunemploymentareoverblown.Theevidencesuggestsrobotswillbedisruptivebutultimatelybeneficialforlabourmarkets.JapanandSouthKoreahavethehighestrobotpenetrationbutverystrongwork-forces.AYaleUniversitystudythatlookedatJapanesemanufacturingbetween1978and2017foundthatanincreaseofonerobotunitper1,000workersboostedacompany'semploymentby2.2%.ResearchfromtheBankofKoreafoundthatrobotizationmovedjobsawayfrommanufacturingintoothersectors,butthattherewasnodecreaseinoverallvacancies.Inevitably,somepeoplewillbeonthelosingendofchangeevenastherobotsmakesocietyasawholebetteroff.Itmaytriggerapoliticalbacklash,becausethelosersfeelleftbehind.Thatisonemorereasonwhyfirmsandgovernmentswoulddowelltorecognizethevalueofretrainingandlifelonglearning.Asjobschange,workersshouldbehelpedtoacquirenewskills.Thepotentialgainsfromtherobotrevolutionarehuge.Thereisnoreasontothinktherobotswillrevoltagainsttheirhumanmastersandcausemassunemploymentandworse.ூUᫀ௃Withtheprogressofscienceandtechnology,robotsaregrowingrapidlyunderthebackgroundofthewidespreadapplicationofsmartphones.However,somepeoplethinkrobotswilldestroyjobs.Incontrast,thepotentialbenefitsofrobotsinthefuturedevelopment,suchasimprovedlearningskills,arehugeandshouldnotbeseenasareasonformassunemployment.ூXY௃Zᦻ[\]^ᦻ஺ᦻ/0]*ñḼᢈ¾¿*óᘤᙠôIõóö÷ᵨḄøù4úûᡂü஺ᯠä*ᨵ×ýFóᘤ©þᣵ
஺ᘤᙠᩭḄᐸᙠḄᦈᜧḄ᝞ᓣᢈ!"ᐸ#⌼ᡂᜧ&'ᜫ)Ḅᳮᵫ஺ூ-.௃1⌕1᤺3©Thingsarestartingtochange,however.Robotshavebenefitedfromrapidinnovationsinsmartphones.Robotsareleavingcarefullymanagedindustrialsettingsforeverydaylife.ঝAndyetmanypeoplefearthatrobotswilldestroyjobs.ঞInevitably,somepeoplewillbeonthelosingendofchangeevenastherobotsmakesocietyasawholebetteroff.Asjobschange,workersshouldbehelpedtoacquirenewskills.

33©Thereisnoreasontothinktherobotswillrevoltagainsttheirhumanmastersandcausemassunemploymentandworse.2.89᪀;<=1ஹ4?@⌕1ABCD<=2ஹ3?@⌕1AB᦮ᔠ஺3.⍧H⌼IDuringthepandemic,robotshavereachedouttomoreelderlypeople.Havingmorerobotsincreasesproductivity,whichisagoodthing.Usingrobotscanteachgovernmentsandbusinessesthevalueofretrainingandlifelonglearning.Inconclusion,weshouldnotattributemassunemploymentorsomeotherworsesituationtorobots.ூ1J௃[LᑖIN1]Withtheprogressofscienceandtechnology,robotsaregrowingrapidlyunderthebackgroundofthewidespreadapplicationofsmartphones.OᵨwithḄQᔠR᪀STUᘤVWXḄYZ[=\]ᑁ_AB`RᑏbLc஺[LᑖIN2]Inconctrast,thepotentialbenefitsofrobotsinthefuturedevelopment,suchasimprovedlearningskills,arehugeandshouldnotbeseenasareasonformassunemployment.OᵨUd᝱fHḄgfh᝱ijkHlh
mh[ᨬop]Ḅqᑖᑁ_ABᭆsᵨbtuLc஺V.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.52.“wᨴyz”Ḅᑴ}〉ᵨᡠᨵὃ஺basisூᫀ௃The"monthlytesfsystemisonthebasisofallcandidates.ூ-.௃ὃHfH஺ᑖ᪆II⊤ᦑVᵨyᙠ஺⊤“wᨴyzᑴ}“ᵨthe"monthlytestMsystem⊤“〉ᵨ"ᵨbeonthebasisofsb⊤“ᡠᨵὃ”ᵨallcandidates,h#ᓫᦪH¡hfHVᵨ=p¢ᓫᦪ£¤஺ᦑ¥#The"monthlytest"systemisonthebasisofallcandidateso53.¦qᵯ¨©ª«¬⏨®¯°±ᩭ²᧕஺remindூᫀ௃Thisfilmrestoringlife,remindstheaudiencethathappinesshasnotcomeeasily.ூ-.௃ὃfHஹ´¡hµh¶I஺ᑖ᪆II⊤ḄᦑVᵨyᙠ஺⊤“©ª«”ᵨrestorelife,·ᜐᵨᙠᑖH
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351.n®⌱Ḅ;2.nḄᳮᵫ஺ூᫀ௃DearSir/Madam,Iamveryhappytoknowthattheschoolplanstoaddacolumnonthecampuswebsitetogetclosetostudents5lifeandmeettheirneeds.Asfbrme,Ichoosethe"PsychologicalChatroom”section.Thereasonsareasfollows.Ontheonehand,withtheincreasingacademicpressure,manystudentsareunabletoadapttothelifeofseniorthreeanddonotknowhowtodealwiththepsychologicalburdencausedbystudy.Thereareevensomestudentsinlowmoodorlackingenthusiasmanddepression,soitisnecessarytoactivelyandeffectivelyrelievepsychologicalpressuretocultivategoodvalues.Andalsophysicalandmentalhealthisconducivetothegrowthofstudents.Ontheotherhand,asfarasIamconcerned,inadditiontowhatmentionedabove,manystudentsalsohavealotofconfusionabouthowtodealwithinterpersonalrelations.Openingthisprogramcannotonlygivestudentsguidanceinmakingfriends,butalsobroadenourvision.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldconsidermysuggestion.Yours,LiHuaூ±-௃²³´☢⊤¶·¸Mᵨᦻ஺⌕ὃᐵ¸r᪥᪥¼¥r᪥ᑏ@½£¤©ªᒹ¬⌱Ḅ¾¿ᳮᵫ஺ூ$%௃1.3ÀÁÂ៝ÄḄhappy—>delighted£¤suggestion@adviceᜐᳮ:dealwith—*copewith©⌕Ḅnecessary—*essential2./ÇÈÉᓫ/ËÌᔠ/Î/Ontheonehand,withtheincreasingacademicpressure,manystudentsareunabletoadapttothelifeofseniorthreeanddonotknowhowtodealwiththepsychologicalburdencausedbystudy.È/Ontheonehand,astheacademicpressureincreases,manystudentsareunabletoadapttothelifeofseniorthreeanddonotknowhowtodealwiththepsychologicalburdencausedbystudy.

36ÏÐZÑsᑖ/Ó1Ontheonehand,withtheincreasingacademicpressure,manystudentsareunabletoadapttothelifeofseniorthreeanddonotknowhowtodealwiththepsychologicalburdencausedbystudy.ÔᵨwwithÌᔠÕ᪀5×Øᑖ3,-sᑖ/Ó2Ontheotherhand,asfarasIamconcerned,inadditiontowhatmentionedabove,manystudentsalsohavealotofconfusionabouthowtodealwithinterpersonalrelations.ÔᵨwwhatÙ±ḄÚ-./VILSupplementaryExercise⌱3ÛÜA.devotedB.negativelyC.windowD.tradingE.conclusionF.releaseG.reservesH.toppingI.perfectlyJ.stressK.attemptedAkeypartofstartingtoexerciseischoosingwhentoworkout.Morning,afternoon,orevening:Whichtimeisbest?Scientistshavestudiedthisdilemmaextensively.Riseandshineat5a.m.?Fornewexercisers,morningworkoutsareoftenthemostdreaded.Afterall,57acozy,nurturingbedforasterile,unforgivingfitnesscentercanbearudeawakeningtosaytheleast.Butmorningworkoutshavetheiradvantages.The58ofendorphin,alongwithafewothers,boostsenergylevels,alertness,andfocus,whichcanmakeyoumoreproductiveandattentiveatwork.YourarestrongerintheafternoonHowever,earlyexercisersmaynotbeabletoachievepeakperformance.StifferÝÞḄmuscles,fewerenergy59fromovernightfasting,andcoolerbodytemperatureadduptohamperexerciseoutput.Therefore,more60exercisersmightpreferworkingoutintheafternoon.“Thebest61forexplosiveathleticismseemstobebetween1p.m.and6p.m.”ShawnArent,chairoftheDepartmentofExerciseScienceattheUniversityofSouthCarolinatoldCNN.Areviewofstudiesfoundthatmusclestrength,musclepower,andsprintingabilitiesallpeakedintheafternoon,62morningperformancebyanywherefrom3%to20%.ExercisefornightowlsFinally,somefolksmaydecidetoworkoutlaterintheevening.Intenseexerciseperformedwithinanhourofone'sbedtimewillimpactthefollowingsleep63.Forthisreason,mostexerciseexpertsrecommendatleast90minutesofdowntimebetweenthe64ofanexercisesessionandgoingtobed.BeconsistentWhethermorning,afternoon,orevening,itisoptimalifexercisetimingremainssomewhatconsistent,researchhasfound.Still,itis65finetomixupyourworkouttimestofitwithourschedule.Theaveragepersonneednotworryoverwhentoworkout.Regularexerciseisperhapsthatsinglebestthingthathumanscandofortheirhealth,anditshouldn'tserveassomethingto

3766over.ூᫀ௃57.D58.F59.G60.A61.C62.H63.B64.E65.166.Jூ±-௃²ᦻo@³ßpᦻ஺ᦻà%áwâDãäåᨬç஺ூ57⚪$%௃ὃ'43஺/èéêë@ì—〉ஹïðḄñᣚᡂ@ôᨵõḄஹöḄᏉø⌨@bßúûo@üýḄþ⏨஺ᑖ᪆ᜐtrade...fbr…“……ᣚ”ᔠ஺ᵨtradeḄᦑ!ᵨtrading஺ᦑ⌱D஺ூ58⚪%&௃ὃ)஺*ᑁᖹ-.ᐸ012ᱥ4Ḅ567897:;<ஹ>?ឋ.ABC7DEᙠGHIᨵᦔ᳛.MA஺ᑖ᪆஺thereleaseofsth“56……”ᔠ஺ᦑ⌱F஺ூ59⚪%&௃ὃ)஺*NᾙPQஹ1RἭTᡠVᜓḄ7:XYஹZ[\]C2^_`abcḄᦔd஺ᑖ᪆ᜐ!ᵨ஺⊤f“gVVᜓ”ᵨreserve,hfeweri⛲kᵨᐸlᦪ஺ᦑ⌱G஺ூ60⚪%&௃ὃ)n஺*opIq⊭sbcḄtu7Ivwᙠxᓤbc஺ᜐ!ᵨnpᜐ⊤f“q⊭Ḅz{Ḅ"ᵨdevoted஺ᦑ⌱A஺[61⚪%&௃ὃ)஺*bcᰦ~BḄᨬxᓤ1ᑮ6஺ᑖ᪆ᜐpᜐ⊤f"ᨬ”ᵨthebestwindow஺ᦑ⌱C஺ூ62⚪%&௃ὃ)஺*1⚗Ẇ~NᾙB:ஹNᾙB:.7B^ᙠxᓤᑮḄ⊤93%ᑮ20%஺ᔠ⊤f“”ᵨtop,ᜐ!ᵨtop.musclestrength,musclepower,andsprintingabilitiesᐵkᵨᙠᑖ஺ᦑ⌱H஺ூ63⚪%&௃ὃ)஺*ṑ¢1£ᑁḄᒓ¥¦§¨©xᩭḄṑḨ¬®☢°±஺ᜐ!ᵨi⛲஺⊤f“²᩽ᙢ”ᵨnegatively஺ᦑ⌱B஺ூ64⚪%&௃ὃ)஺*sCµ¶oᜧ¸ᦪ¦M¹º»ᙠ¦¼.ṑ?½Yᨵ90ᑖ

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