阅读理解之说明文（二）解析版-2021-2022年新高考英语模拟题分项汇编（第2期）

《阅读理解之说明文（二）解析版-2021-2022年新高考英语模拟题分项汇编（第2期）》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

⚪02▅ᳮᦻஹᓅὃ9Nὶ2022ὶὃSix"sacrificialpitsἄᙷ”,datingback3,200to4,000years,werenewlydiscoveredinSanxingduiRuinssiteinGuanghan,SouthwestChina'sSichuanprovince.Over500artifacts,includinggoldmasks,bronzewares,ivories,jades,andtextiles,wereunearthedfromthesite.Sanxingduisite,firstfoundin1929,isgenerallyconsideredasoneofthemostimportantarchaeologicalsitesalongtheupperreachesoftheYangtzeRiver.However,large-scaleexcavationonthesiteonlybeganin1986,whentwopits—widelybelievedforsacrificialceremonies—wereaccidentallydiscovered.InvestigationintheareaaroundNo1and2pitswasrelaunchedinOctober2019,andNo3pitwasfoundinDecember2019,accordingtoLeiYu,aresearcherofSichuanProvincialCulturalRelicsandArchaeologyResearchInstitutewhoheadstheongoingexcavation.Thirty-fourresearchuniversitiesandresearchinstituteshavecooperatedinthisproject.Hesaidthenewdiscoverieswillhelptobetterunderstandmanyunexplainedfindingsin1986.MoreexcavationfollowedinMarch2020,andfivemorepitswerefoundlastyear.AnddetailedresearchbeganinOctober.Excavationcapsuleswithhi-techequipmentweresetupinthepitstobetterconservethesite.Sanxingduisitecoversanareaof12squarekilometers,anditscorezoneofanancientcitycoversnearly4squarekilometers.AccordingtotheNationalCulturalHeritageAdministration,studiesofSanxingduisitewillbecomeacrucialprojectinanongoingprogramArchaeologyChina,whichtriestoexplaintheoriginsofChinesecivilizationandhowdiverseculturescommunicateandcometogether.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“excavation“inparagraph2probablymean?A.DiscoveryB.DigC.ExplorationD.Expansion9.HowdidarchaeologistspreservetheSanxingduisite?A.Bydividingthetaskofexcavationintoseveralparts.B.Bycooperatingwithresearchuniversitiesandinstitutes.C.Byusingexcavationcapsulearmedwithhi-techequipment.D.Byconductingmoreinvestigationsaroundthesite.10.Whatcanweinferaboutthepitsfromthetext?A.Allsacrificialsiteswerediscoveredinthemeantime.

1B.TheexcavationofSanxingduisiteonlybeganin1986.C.TherewerealtogethersixsacrificialpitsdiscoveredinSanxingduisiteD.Thesizeofthecorezoneisapproximately1/3timesthatofSanxingduisite.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SacrificialpitswereunearthedinSanxingduiSite.B.SanxingduiSiteneededtobeconserved.C.SanxingduidiscoveriescastlightonancientChina.D.Hi-techhelpedtoexcavateSanxingduiSite.ூᫀ௃8.B9.C10.D11.Aூ᪆௃#ᦻ$ᦻ஺ᦻ&ᢥ᯿)*+,Ḽ./012ᚮ⍡ᙬ6ἄᙷḄ89ஹ8᣾;<=>?஺1.@AB?⚪஺CBᡠᙠFG“However,large-scaleexcavationonthesiteonlybeganin1986,whentwopits—widelybelievedforsacrificialceremonies—wereaccidentallydiscovered^^HIJἄᙷK>᜜89,2ᚮᜧNOḄ᢬᣾;<1986QRSTUV஺WXᔠZ[ᯠ]ᨬ_F`aḄuneanhbcACᑜeBḄ>f$“᢬᣾ஹ8᣾;A⌱⚗"89B⌱⚗"᢬᣾k8᣾C⌱⚗“lmk89”kD⌱⚗“᡽ᜧk᡽o;ᦑ⌱B஺2.r⁚ᳮ⚪஺᪷uZv]ᨬ_F`“Excavationcapsuleswithhi-techequipmentweresetupinthepitstobetterconservethesite.”ᙠᙷᑁxy1zᨵ|ᢈxᜓḄ᢬᣾ᙢCᙬbὃᵨᜓ|ᢈxᜓḄ᢬᣾12ᚮ⍡ᙬ஺ᦑ⌱Co3.cᳮᑨ⚪஺᪷uᨬ_]"Sanxingduisitecoversanareaof12squarekilometers,anditscorezoneofanancientcitycovers3.6squarekilometers.2ᚮ☢12a᪶ᓰᙢᜧ4aᜧᑖ஺b᪶☢2ᚮ⍡ᙬḄ1/3஺ᦑ⌱D஺4.ᜧ>⚪஺¡ᐰᦻbᐰᦻᢥ᯿)*+,Ḽ./012ᚮ⍡ᙬ6ἄᙷḄ89ஹ8᣾;

2⌱⚗Hi-tech+hclpcdtoexcavate....஺©ªᡠ«A⌱⚗¬ᭆ¯ᐰᦻᦑ⌱A஺ஹᓅὃ9Nὶ2022ὶὃAsheetoftransparentnewmaterialataUniversityofMarylandlablookslikeitmightbeplastic.Butifsactuallywood-anditcouldeventuallybeusedtomakeenergy-efficientwindowsorevensee-throughbuildings."Comparedtoglass,woodhaslowerheatconductivity,andit'slighter,stronger,andmoreenvironmentallyfriendly/saysLiangbingHu,amaterialsscienceprofessorattheUniversityofMarylandandoneoftheauthorsofanewstudyofthematerial.Theideaistoemploythematerialinbuildings.Withawindowmadefromtransparentwoodinsteadofglass,forexample,abuildingwouldlakelessenergytoheatandcool.Becauseofthestructureofthewood,thewindowscouldalsoreduceglarefromthesunwhileallowinginnaturallight.Researchershaveexperimentedwithtransparentwoodinthepast,butthenewmethodismoresustainable.OthermethodsusuallyputthewoodinachemicalcompoundNacltoremovelignin,partofthewoodthatgivesitstructure.Butthiscanweakenthewood,anditproduceswastethatishardtorecycle.Huandhisteammadeslightchangestotheprocesssoitdoesn'tfullyremovethelignin.Bybrushinghydrogenperoxide°±ᓄᱥoverthewoodandleavingitunderaUVlight,theyremovedonlythepartsoftheligninthatgiveitcolor.Theresultistransparentwoodthatcanbecoatedinepoxy´±᪛ᾦ.Ifsjustoneofanumberofwaysscientistsandengineersarerethinkinghowwecanusethisrenewableresourceinconstruction.Skyscrapersmadeentirelyoutofwoodaregainingpopularityincitiesaroundtheworld.Andscientistsrecentlydiscoveredatechniquetogrowwoodinalab,openingupthepossibilityofusingwoodwithouthavingtocutdownaforest.Thetransparentwoodis50%strongerthanprevioustransparentwoodandcouldevenbeusedtobuildload-bearingwallsinabuilding.Itcouldalsopotentiallybeusedinotherways,suchaslayersusedinsolarcells.AnewcompanycalledInventWoodisworkingtocommercializethetechnology.12.Whywouldpeopleliketochoosetransparentwoodintheirbuildingsinpreferencetoglass?A.Itcanconductheatmorequickly.B.Itislighterandmoredelicate.C.Itcanletlightinwithlessheat.D.Ithashigherenergyconsumption.13.Comparedwiththeexperimentinthepast,whatisthedifferenceofthenewmethod?

3A.Thenewmethodislessenvironmentallyfriendly.B.Thenewmethodcanmakethewoodweaker.C.ResearchersbrushedNacloverthewood.D.Researchersonlytookawaytheligninrelatedtocolor.14.Whichofthefollowingstatementsmaytheauthoragreewith?A.Thissee-throughwoodcanreplaceglasswindows.B.Thissee-throughwoodisinmassproduction.C.Thistransparentwoodhasbeengrowninlabs.D.Thistransparentwoodisonlypopularincities.15.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlyfocuson?A.Theadvantagesoftransparentwood.B.Theprospectoftransparentwood.C.Theproductionoftransparentwood.D.Thecompaniesoftransparentwood.ூᫀ௃12.C13.D14.A15.Bூ᪆௃·$¸ᦻ⌕/01ºᩈᜮ·½Ḅ¾¿ᩞᧇḄᑴ<Ãᳮ=ÄÅÆÇÈb¬ᙠᐸÊ☢ḄËᙠᵨ⌶஺12.cᳮᑨ⚪஺᪷uᦻ&Z]"woodhaslowerheatconductivity,andifslighter,stronger,andmoreenvironmentallyfriendlyᩈᜮᐹᨵÎḄÏÐÑឋÈÓÔÕஹXÖ×´''ÙZ]"thewindowscouldalsoreduceglarefromthesunwhileallowinginnaturallightÚᡝ׬ÜÝ□ᐝ᯿àḄáÈâ)ã[ᯠᐝ᯿àäåG”bæzºᩈᩞzçèᑮêÅëḄ☘ṆîÔᐹᨵêÅÆÇ஺ᦑ⌱C஺13.cᳮᑨ⚪஺᪷uᦻ&Zï]“theyremovedonlythepartsoftheligninthatgiveitcolorÊðñò◀1ôᑖḄãᩈᜮᨵõ⁐Ḅᩈ÷ø“bùúḄÖûü᪵Ḅᙢᙠþ·ÿẆ
ὅ◀ᩈᜮ⁐Ḅᩈᦑ⌱D஺

414.ᳮᑨ⚪஺᪷ᦻ✌“Butit'sactuallywoodanditcouldeventuallybeusedtomakeenergy-efficientwindowsorevensee-throughbuildings!"#$%&ᩈᜮ'(%)*+ᵨ-ᑴ/⁚12Ḅ3ᡝᡈὅ67ᜧ9:“)</ὅ=>6?ᩈᜮᨵ)1ABCᙠḄEᴻ3ᡝ஺ᦑ⌱A஺15.GHᜧI⚪஺᪷ᦻJ“Itcouldalsopotentiallybeusedinotherways,suchaslayersusedinsolarcells”%K)*ᨵᐸMNOᵨ⌶Q᝞ᵨ-S□1ᵯVḄWX:”)<ᦻᨬ[G⌕]^6?ᩈᜮ_ᙠḄᵨ⌶ᦑ⌱B஺`ஹbᓭḕe□f2021-2022ghi`jk:ThoughleadersfromtheInternationalOlympicCommitteeIOC
haveannouncedafirst-of-its-kindpostponementoftheTokyoSummerOlympicsbecauseofthecoronavirusepidemic,peopleallovertheworldarestillconcernedaboutitspreparations.OfficialsfromtheTokyoOlympicCommitteesaytheyaresparingnoeffortandannouncetheTokyoSummerOlympicsin2021isgoinggreen.The5,000medalsJapanhasmadearemorespecialthanmost.OnenovelfocusoftheTokyoOlympicsistobe^^sustainable^^—toavoidusingtoomanynaturalresources,sothatthegamesareeasyontheenvironment.Aspartofthisgoal,theorganizersdecidedtomakealloftheOlympicmedalsoutofmetalrecycledfromoldelectronics.Almostallelectronicsaremadewithsmallamountsof'preciousmetals",likegoldandsilver.Butcollectingenoughofthesemetalstomake5,000medalswasahugechallenge.That*sbecausetheamountofmetalineachdeviceistiny.Itwouldtakeabout20,000cellphonestogetjust1kilogramofgold.BeginninginApril2017,theorganizersplacedcollectionboxesaroundthecountry,andaskedpeopletoturnintheiroldelectronicdevices.Soonpeoplebegantorespondtotheinitiative᎝m:,turninginsmartphones,digitalcameras,handheldgames,andlaptops.Atfirst,collectionwentslowly,butsoonmoreandmoreareasbegantotakepart.Bytheend,1,621localgovernmentshadhelpedoutwiththecollectionprocess.Thencamethejobofbreakingthosedevicesdownintosmallerpieces.Aftereingtakenapartandsorted,thesmallelectronicsweresmeltedᰚp:togetallthegold,silver,andbronzeelements.Thisisatrickyjob,whichcallsforcarefulattentionandgoodskill.It'salsodangerous,becausesomeofthemetalsandotherthingsaren'tsafeforpeopletotouchorbreathe.BytheendofMarch,2019,theorganizershadhittheirtargetsofgettingenoughmetalforthemedals.Theyhadcollectedaround32kilogramsofgold,4J00kilogramsofsilverand2,200kilogramsofbronze.Andnowallthe5,000medalsareavailableforthewould-bewinners.

512.WhatcanweknowabouttheTokyoOlympicsmedals?A.Theyarehugelyvaluable.B.Theyareofhighquality.C.Theyaremadefrome-waste.D.Theyaredesigneduniquely.13.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytellus?A.Thedifficultyofmakingthemedals.B.Theinitiativetorecycleusedsmartphones.C.Theclassificationofthecollecteddevices.D.Theprocessofcollectingoldelectronics.14.Theunderlinedword"tricky"inParagraph5means”A.creativeB.demandingC.well-paidD.time-consuming15.What'sthepurposeofTokyo'swayofmakingthemedals?A,Toadvocatesustainableuseofresources.B.TopromotethespiritofOlympicGames.C.Tointroduceanewtechniquetomakemedals.D.Toshowthegravityofenvironmentaldamage.ூsᫀ௃12.C13.D14.B15.Aூv᪆௃x&yz?ᦻ஺ᦻ{|}~ᦈᵯᚗᑴ/ᡂ2021hᝍḄᝄ#“)ᢝ”Ḅ᪗஺12.⁚ᳮv⚪஺᪷fAspartofthisgoal,theorganizersdecidedtomakealloftheOlympicmedalsoutofmetalrecycledfromoldelectronics>#Cx᪗ὅᵨᦈᵯ¡¢Ḅ£¤ᩭᑴ/ᡠᨵḄᝍᝄ:)<ᝍḄᝄ%§&¨ᵯᚗᑴᡂḄ஺ᦑ⌱C⚗஺13.GHᜧI⚪஺᪷ªfBeginninginApril2017,theorganizersplacedcollectionboxesaroundthe

6country,andaskedpeopletoturnintheiroldelectronicdevices«2017h4ᨴ®ὅᙠᐰ°ᔜᙢ³´ᦈµ¶'⌕·¸§$¹M§Ḅᵯºᜓ:*¼Atfirst,collectionwentslowly,butsoonmoreandmoreareasbegantotakepart.Bytheend,1,621localgovernmentshadhelpedoutwiththecollectionprocess½¾,ᦈµ¿À᠒!ÂÃÄᩭÄNḄᙢÅ®ÆÇ஺ÈÉÊ'ᐳᨵ1621ÍᙢÎÏÐÆÇᦈÑ/:)<ªG⌕ÒÓᡃ§ᦈµᵯ¡¢ḄÕÖ஺ᦑ⌱D⚗஺14.×ØÙj⚪஺᪷ÚfᑜÜ×ᡠᙠÝThisisatrickyjob,whichcallsforcarefulattentionandgoodskillx&⚗______Ñ/◤⌕àḄáIâãäḄᢈ1:*¼It'salsodangerous,becausesomeofthemetalsandotherthingsaren'tsafeforpeopletotouchorbreathexK&ᓻ◅Ḅè>飤âᐸMêë-¸§Ḅì᥎âîᔾ&ðñᐰḄ:èòx&Í⌕·iḄÑ/ᡈὅÂóôèòÙjᑜÜ×trickyI>“⌕·iḄ,óôḄÑᦑ⌱B⚗஺15.ᳮᑨ⚪஺᪷fOnenovelfbcusoftheTokyoOlympicsistobe“sustainable”—toavoidusingtoomanynaturalresources,sothatthegamesareeasyontheenvironmentᝍḄ——Íöᯖø&“)ᢝ”ᓽúûüᵨÕNḄýᯠx᪵ᝍ
᛻ᑴ⌼ᝄḄḄ᎝Ḅᢝᑭᵨ஺ᦑ⌱A⚗஺$ஹ&'ᓭḕ*+,-./02021-20220123ᐭ0ὃ6TourGuideinNewYorkTimesSquare--TheCrossroadsoftheWorldPrivateTourTimesSquarehasacolorfulhistory,oneworthexploring.Dayandnight.TimesSquareislitupbythedozensofbillboardsadvertisingthebiggestbrands.Takeabreakinthepedestriansquareandbeentertainedbyperformerspracticingtheirtrade.You'llbesuiprisedbywhatyouseeandlearn.Architecture101.theArtDccoCityPrivateTourNewYorkCityNYC
ismostcloselyidentifiedwithskyscrapersandmanyskyscraperswereconstructed,duringthelate1920sandearly1930s,theeraofArtDcco.Comeandexplorewithmethedazzlingarchitecturethathasariseninthiscityoverthelast100years.You'llbesurprisedbywhatyoulearn.CentralParkPrivateTourInthemiddleofthisconcretejungleliesanextensivegreenspaceunlikeanyother.DesignedandbuiltbythefamousFrederickLawOlmsted,the843-acreCentralParkhascometocapturetheheartsofvisitorsaroundtheworld.It*sanicon,ofgreenery,ofpeaceandcalminthisfast-pacedcity.Rock&RollNYCPrivateTour

7You'vebeenaRockRollfanforyears,andnowyou'reheadingtoNewYork.TheheartofthebestRock&Rolltheworldhas.NewYorkCityhasbeenthecenterofthemusicworldTordecadesfromLincolnCentertotheEastVillage.StatueofLibertyandEllisIslandPrivateTourTheStatueofLibertyandEllisIslandremainstandingasaphysicalreminderoftheimmigrantexperiencethatshapedtheNYCpeoplewalkingthroughtoday.AguidefromCityWalksNYcantakeyouthroughthehistoryandbeautyofthecity'simmigrantpast,astheStatueofLibertyandEllisIslandprivatetourpromisestotakeyoualongthehistoricjourneythatsomanyhavetraveledon.1.WhatcanyouseeinTimesSquare?A.TVshows.B.TheStatueofLiberty.C.Advertisements.D.RockRollconcerts.2.Whereshouldyougoifyouwanttohaveapeacefultime?A.EllisIsland.B.CentralPark.C.TheEastVillage.D.TheLincolnCenter.3.WhataspectofNewYorkcultureistheStatueofLibertyandEllisIslandprivatetourrelatedto?A.Architecture.B.Immigration.C.Rock&Roll.D.Superheroes.ூ9ᫀ௃1.C2.B3.Bூ<᪆௃>ᦻ@ABCᦻ஺D⌕FGHTimesSquareஹArchitecture101/IJKLMN\᤯QRSLMNTUVᵫ᝕YZ[\ᑭ]^LM_N஺I.`⁚ᳮ<⚪஺᪷ef᪗⚪“TimesSquare''/Ḅᑁj"TimesSquareislitupbythedozensofbillboardsadvertisingthebiggestbrands.&klmnopᓝrms᯿uvwmsxᨬᜧḄ{ᔆᙠklmnT~ᑮms஺ᦑ⌱C⚗஺2.`⁚ᳮ<⚪஺᪷e3"It'sanicon,ofgreenery,ofpeaceandcalminthisfast-pacedcily.&ᙠvr⁚Ḅ,⁐ஹ[☟Ḅ”᝞@☟ḄkᐝMT/IJK஺ᦑ⌱

8B⚗஺3.`⁚ᳮ<⚪஺᪷eᨬ@“AguidefromCityWalksNYcantakeyouthroughthehistoryandbeautyofthecity'simmigrantpast.&RS,⊙ḄNT⚞ᶍ,¡ᔊ£[¤¥”Vᵫ᝕YZ[\ᑭ]^LM_NRSᦻᓄḄ¡§☢ᨵᐵ஺ᦑ⌱B⚗஺«ஹ&'ᓭḕ*+,-./02021-20220123ᐭ0ὃ6Theworld'sclocksmarkeverypassingsecond,minuteandhour.Buttohumans,secondsofpaincanfeellikeminutes,andhoursspentatapartycanendinablink.Thebraincanstretchorsqueezethefeelingoftimeformanyreasons,includingpleasure,pain,fearandage.Althoughthesciencebehindthis''subjectivetime“isnotfullyunderstood,someresearchsuggeststhatanadditionalfactormightinfluencethesubjectivelengthofyourlife:yourincome.Researchalreadysuggeststhat,onaverage,wealthypeoplelivelonger,biologically.Now,emergingworkindicatesthatvariedandnovelexperiencescouldcreatemore“timecodes&¬6“inthehumanbrainasitprocessesmemoryformation.This,inturn,couldmeanthatpeoplewhocanaffordtoenjoymorevacationsandhobbies,andwhohavemorestimulatingjobs,willrecallhavinglivedforalongertimeonEarth.“Eventhoughtimeflieswhenyou'rehavingfun,whenyoulookbackonit,youcanremembermuchmoreofthisextendedexperiencecomparedtoaboringexperience,saysJorgenSugar,apostdoctoralstudentattheNorwegianUniversityofScienceandTechnology'sKavliInstitutefbrSystemsNeuroscience.He'spartofateamofscientistsinvestigatingthesementaltimecodes.Theideathatnoveltycanaffecttheexperienceoftimealsoseemstofitculturesthatdon'tmeasuretimeusingclocks-manyculturesrelyinsteadoncelestial&ᜩ°Ḅ,culturalandseasonaleventstomarktheflowoftime.“Ourexperienceoftimedoesvaryaccordingtocircumstances,andalsoaccordingtothekindofrhythmofactivityweengagein,"saysChrisSinha,acognitive&²scientistworkingwithHunanUniversitywhohasstudiedsocalled"event-basedtime,,inAmazoniantribesandlinguisticminoritygroupsinChina.Butotherexpertsaren'tconvinced.AccordingtoMonicaCapri,aneconomistwithabackgroundinneuro-economiesatClaremontGraduateUniversity,subjectivetimeisn'twellunderstoodscientifically.Evenifhigher-paidjobscanleadtomorenewexperiences,wealthypeoplearen'tnecessarilyspendingmoneythatway.Amillionaire,fbrinstance,mayspendmoneyonafancywatch,butthisisn'tlikelytochangetheirfeelingoftimethewayavacationorevenalow-costhikewould,shesays.Whafsmore,shesays,therearemanyfactorstoconsiderinhowthebrainprocessestime.Forinstance,

9accordingtoAdrianBejan,aprofessoratDukeUniversity,thenoveltyoffunexperiencesansimplywaroff.Still,researchersfrommanyfieldsareeagertouncoverthemysteriesofmemoryandsubjectivetime.AccordingtoSugar,understandinghowhumansformandrecallmemoriescanaffectmanyaspectsofsociety,suchaslaw,educationandhealthcare—andperhapscanevenaidourunderstandingofourselves."Thehumanbrainisthemostcomplexbiologicalsystemweknow,^^hesays.8.Whatdoweknowabout"subjectivetime“fromthepassage?A.Ithasnothingtodowithone'sincome.B.Itspaceisinfluencedbyaperson'smood.C.Itisathingthatiscompletelyunderstood.D.Itmarkseverypassingsecondforaperson.9.Howcanincomeinfluenceapersonaccordingtosomeresearchers?A.Wealthypeopletendtoengagemoreinrememberingthings.B.Wealthypeoplemayfeellifeisrelativelylongerpsychologically.C.Wealthypeopletendtohaveabettermemorythanpoorpeople.D.Wealthypeopleusuallyneedmoretimetoprocessmemoryformation.10.WhatisMonicaCapra'sopinion?A.Sheisnotconvincedthatmoneycanextendsubjectivetime,B.Shedoesn'tbelievethatwealthypeoplecanbuygoodmemories.C.Shethinksthattheexcitementoffunexperiencescanhardlywearoff.D.Shedoubtswhetherhigher-paidjobscanleadtomorenewexperiences.11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Researchersarcexploringthemysteriesofmemory.B.Manyfactorscaninfluencehowyoufeeltime.C.Yoursubjectivetimemaydependonyourincome.D.Thebraincanchangeyourfeelingoftime.ூ9ᫀ௃8.B9.C

1010.B11.Aூ<᪆௃>ᦻ@ABCᦻ஺ᦻ³D⌕FGH“D´kµ[M¶·¸'’Ḅº»Ẇ½஺8.`⁚ᳮ<⚪஺᪷e¾“Thebraincanstretchorsqueezethefeelingoftimeformanyreasons,includingpleasure,pain,fearandage.Althoughthesciencebehindthis"subjectiveisnotfullyunderstood,someresearchsuggeststhatanadditionalfactormightinfluencethesubjectivelengthofyourlife:yourincome.&ᜧᨴÀÁÂÃÄÅÁÆÇ*ᡈᢴÊkµḄËÌᒹÎÏஹÐÑஹអÓ[1Ô஺ÕᯠvדDØkµ''ÙḄÚ0ÅᳮÛÜᨵoÝᐰᳮ<ß@wẆ½⊤CÛᨵ@rá᜜ḄÁãäåæḄDØçèéḄᦈᐭᡝ“DØkµ”Ḅ⁚ìMḄíîåæ஺ᦑ⌱B⚗஺9.`⁚ᳮ<⚪஺᪷e3“Researchalreadysuggeststhat,onaverage,wealthypeoplelivelonger,biologically.Now,emergingworkindicatesthatvariedandnovelexperiencescouldcreatemore“timecodes&¬ṹ“inthehumanbrainasitprocessesmemoryfbnnation.This,inturn,couldmeanthatpeoplewhocanaffordtoenjoymorevacationsandhobbies,andwhohavemorestimulatingjobs,willrecallhavinglivedforalongertimeonEarlh.&Ẇ½ðñ⊤Còóᱥ0õᩭ~÷Mᙳçèù*஺úᙠûḄẆ½⊤CᙠMᾯᜐᳮ·¸þᡂḄ
ᔜᔜ᪵Ḅ᜻ᔊ⌼Ḅ“ṹ
ᩭᕡḼᨵ"#$Ꮇ&'᰿)Ḅ*+,ᨵ-./0Ḅ*1234ᙠᙢᳫ89:Ḅ;<“=᪷?@ẆB*ᕒḄDEF*GGHI*ᨵ)Ḅ23஺ᦑ⌱C⚗஺10.NᳮᑨQ⚪஺᪷?᎔ᦪUVW“Amillionaireforinstancemayspendmoneyonafancywatch,butthisisn'tlikelytochangetheirfeelingoftimethewayavacationorevenalow-costhikewould.XY᝞\]F^_`ab@ᙽdeḄf⊤hijklᎷmno@pqᡂsḄtuvw᪵ᦋyz{|Ḅ}~<”=MonicaCapraiᨵa*bᑮ)Ḅ23஺ᦑ⌱B⚗஺11.ᜧ⚪஺ᐰᦻ+ᦻᨬ@W“Stillresearchersfrommany,fieldsareeagertouncoverthemysteriesofmemoryandsubjectivetime.X᝞⚞ḄẆB*ᕒ3'Ḅᝍ<”=ᦻ⌕ḄoẆB*ᕒ¡ᙠ¢£3Ḅᝍ஺ᦑ⌱A⚗஺¤ஹX¦ᓭḕ;©ª«¬2021-2022®¯Vᐭὃ²

11andsightedvolunteers.Theassumptionissimple:Manypeoplewhoareblinddon'tneedanyactualassistanceincompletingtheirdailytasks,butmerelyneedalittlehelp.Asightedvolunteermightbeaskedtohelpidentifywhichoftwocanscontainstomatoes.Inthiscase,thevisuallyimpairedusercancookamealjustfineonhis/herown--allhe/sheneedsisaquickconfirmationthathe/shehasthecorrectcan.Themodelappearstobeworking;morethan540.000volunteersandnearly40.000peoplewithlowvisionareregisteredontheapp.“Anelderlywomancannowhelpavisuallyimpairedtechniciansetuphiscomputer."saysfounderHansWiberg,whohasverylowvision."Shedoesn*tneedtoknowathingaboutcomputers.Sheonlyneedstoreadwhatispresentedonthescreen.Thenhecandotherest.”EarlyassistivetechnologycenteredondedicateddevicesX·ᵨ¹ᜓ<becauseofthenichemarketX»¼ª½<,whichsoldforhundredsoreventhousandsofdollars.ButtheSmartphone,multipurposeandnear-universal,hascompletelychangedtheeconomyofscale.46Therearelargermarketforcesdrivinghigh-poweredcomputation,high-qualityengineeringandhigh-qualitybatterymanagementinthesmartphonemarketthanthoseinaspecialtyproduct."saysAaronSteinfeld,aresearchprofessorattheRoboticsInstituteatCarnegieMellonUniversity.“Therealityismostsightedpeopledon'tknowsomebodywhoisbind."Beckersays.^^Theythinkthesolutionsthatablindpersonneedsarefarmoreexpansive.Itturnsouttheyneedtobe."Ithinktheseappsareenablingsightedpeopletoseethatblindpeoplejustneedsomesimplecluestohelpthemdoanynumberofthingsintheirlives,^^12.Whatisthefirstparagraphusedforinthetext?A.Givingoneexample.B.Showingthemainidea.C.Makingaconclusion.D.Introducingthetopic.13.HowdoestheappBeMyEyeswork?A.Bycreatingavideolinkbetweenthevisuallydisabledandsightedvolunteers.B.Byrecognizingwhichoftwocanshastomatoesthatcanbecooked.C.Byestablishinghigh-qualityengineeringandcomputation.D.Byflashingtheeverydaytasksofthetechnicianandvolunteers.14.Whatcanweknowfromthetext?A.Slightassistancecanhelptheblindfreefromsometroubles.B.Volunteersshouldbeveryfamiliarwithhigh-techcomputers.

12C.Onlypeoplewithlowvisionareregisteredtousetheapp.D.JoannBeckerthinksithardtofindabusstopusingBeMyEyes.15.Whatdoesthe5thparagraphmainlymean?A.Thesmartphonebecomesaspecialapp.B.Finedeviceshavechangedtheeconomy.C.Costmatterswhenitcomestoassistivetechnology.D.Smartphonemarkethasgreateconomicpotential.ூÀᫀ௃12.D13.A14.A15.DூÃ᪆௃sᦻo@DÅᦻ஺sᦻBeMyEyes஺Æᙠ2015®8Çᙠ³"$Èᵨᡝ'³"¡ÊËÌὅÎÏÐÑÒÓ³⚣ÕÓ஺12.NᳮᑨQ⚪஺᪷?UÖWU@×"BeMyEyes,whichwentlivein2015,establishesadirectvideoconnectionbetweenvisuallyimpairedusersandsightedvolunteers.ØÙᡃḄÛÜÝT'2015®8Çᙠ³"$Èᵨᡝ'³"¡ÊËÌὅÎÏÐÑÞÓ³⚣ÕÓ<''àᔠâᦻ|ãäåḄ=osᦻḄ⚪஺ᵫN=U@WoçÑèᦻé⚪஺ᦑ⌱D⚗஺13.ê⁚ᳮÃ⚪஺᪷?UÖW“establishesadirectvideoconnectionbetweenvisuallyimpairedusersandsightedvolunteers.Xᙠ³"$Èᵨᡝ'³"¡ÊËÌὅÎÏÐÑÞÓ³⚣ÕÓì=theappBeMyEyeso
ᙠ³"$Èᵨᡝ'³"¡ÊËÌὅÎÏÐÑÞÓ³⚣ÕÓᩭ/0Ḅ஺ᦑ⌱A⚗஺14.NᳮᑨQ⚪஺᪷?ᨬ@W"IthinktheseappsareenablingsightedpeopletoseethatblindpeoplejustneedsomesimplecluestohelpthemdoanynumberofthingsiniheiilivesXᡃíçîᵨïð³"¡ÊḄ*ñᑮò*ó◤⌕•öᓫḄÇ£øùúz{ᙠ9:Ùûüý<“=þÿḄ

᤮ῃ஺ᦑ⌱A⚗஺15.ᜧ⚪஺᪷Ḅ⌕ᑁᐸ“ButtheSmartphone,multipurposeandnear-universal,hascompletelychangedtheeconomyofscale.!"#ᵨ⌶ஹ'()ᵨḄ*+,-./01ᦋ3456/78”:;⌕▰=*+,->?/7@ABᜧ஺ᦑ⌱D⚗஺

13Dஹ!EFḕ᝞IJK2021-2022KLMNOP8Youknowallaboutthedangersofexhaustion.Youevenknowthatworkingtoomanyhoursaffectsyourproductivity,andyetthere5salwaysonemoretaskthatneedsfinishingonemoreemailtowrite,oronemoreimpatientcustomerorbosswhodoesn'twanttowaittillMonday.Herearesometipsthatmayhelpyoudealwithpressureatworkwhenyoufeelexhausted.Don'tsavesleepingtime.Notonlydoesagoodnight'ssleepimproveyourmoodandcognitive!Q:Ḅ8ability,butithelpsyougrowbraincells.Sleepdeprivation!RS8isassociatedwithalotofmentalandphysicalillness,andwillactuallymakeyouagemorequickly.Whateverelseyouhavetoforegotogivewaytoworkandmeetthedemandsofyourcrazyjob,makesuregettingagoodnight'ssleepeverynightisoneofyourpriorities.Getplentyofexercise.Exerciseisaknownmoodelevatorandstresskiller,aswellassomethingthatyourbodyneedstoremainhealthy.There?sevidencethatadailytwo-milewalkcanhelpyourcognitivefunction.SofitsomeexerciseinyourscheduleeverydayorfollowSteveJobs'exampleandconductmeetingswhilewalking.Takebriefbreaksduringtheday.Evenafewminutesbetweenmeetingsandphonecallswillmakeabigdifference.Andalso,gooutsideduringthesebreaks.Sunlightandfreshaircandoalotofgood.Putavacationonyourcalendar.Havingavacationonyourcalendarwillgiveyousomethingtolookforwardto.Andasthedateapproaches,donotreschedulewhateverhappens.Takingavacationwillgiveyourmindarest.Youmightbesuiprisedathowreinvigorated!TUḄ8andinspiredyou'llbegettingbacktowork.Scheduleeveningandweekendactivities.Thiswillgiveyourweeksomevariety——itwon'tallbeaboutyourjob.Itwillbebetterifyouroff-hoursactivitiesinvolveotherpeopleyoucareabout,suchasyourspouse,partner,kids,orfriends.1.Whatmightbethepurposeofthepassage?A.Toshowthedangerofstressandoverwork.B.Totellussomeskillsofimprovingworkefficiency.C.Topersuadepeoplenottoworkovertime.D.Totellushowtogetthroughhigh-stresstimesatwork.

142.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"forego“inParagragh2mean?A.Carryout.B.Focuson.C.Giveup.D.Getover.3.Whatcanyoudotogiveyourmindarest?A.Conductmeetingwhilewalking.B.Savesleepingtime.C.Takeavacation.D.Planweekendactivities.ூWᫀ௃1.D2.C3.CூZ᪆௃\]^_`ᦻ஺ᦻbcd4eZfUgAḄhijᐹlmn஺1.oᳮᑨr⚪஺᪷ᨬtu"Herearesometipsthatmayhelpyoudealwithpressureatworkwhenyoufeelexhausted.!vwxᑮz{A|}\~ᨵhi
wᜐᳮfUgA஺8“ᔠᦻcdḄhiorᦻbḄḄ]ὅ᝞fUgAᜧḄ}஺ᦑ⌱D⚗஺2.O⚪஺A.Carryout.᡻,B.Focuson.JC.Giveup.;D.Getover.஺᪷tḄḄ¡¢“togivewaytoworkandmeetthedemandsofyourcrazyjob!cfU£¤¥¦w§¨fUḄ⌕©8''oOforego«“”¬«ᨵ“”ᐸ®¯°±+²ᑮ«fU£¤ḄḄ஺ᦑ⌱C⚗஺3.³⁚ᳮZ⚪஺᪷᎔ᦪ·J“Takingavacationwillgiveyourmindarest.!¸Ꮇº£wḄ»¼½ᑮ¾¿஺8”:)ᎷḄmnᩭ£Áᮣ½ᑮÃ஺ᦑ⌱C⚗஺Äஹ!EFḕ᝞IJK2021-2022KLMNOP8Tea,themosttypicalofEnglishdrinks,isarelativelatecomertoBritishshores.Althoughthecustomofdrinkingteadatesbacktothethirdmillennium——ᓟL8BCinChina,itwasnotuntilthemid-17thcenturythatthedrinkfirstappearedinEngland.ItwasthePortugueseandDutchtraderswhofirstimportedteatoEurope,reachingtheContinentbythewayofVenicearound1560,withregularshipmentsby1610.Curiously,itwastheLondoncoffeehousesthatwereresponsibleforintroducingteatoEngland.OneofthefirstcoffeehousemerchantstoofferteawasThomasGarway.Hesoldbothliquidanddryteatothepublicasearlyas1657.Threeyearslaterheissuedabroadsheetadvertisingteaat£6to£10perpound,touting!ÆÇ8its

15virtuesat“makingthebodyactiveandlusty!ᏉÉḄ8”,and''preservingperfecthealthuntilextremeoldage”.Teagainedpopularityquicklyinthecoffeehouses,andby1700over500coffeehousessoldit.Thisdistressedthepubowners,asteacuttheirsalesofbeer,anditwasbadnewsforthegovernment,whodependeduponasteadystreamofrevenue!Ê4ᦇ8fromtaxesonliquorsales.By1750teahadbecomethefavoureddrinkofBritain'slowerclasses.A1676acttaxedteaandrequiredcoffeehouseoperatorstoapplyforalicense.Thiswasjustthestartofgovernmentattemptstocontrol,oratleast,toprofitfromthepopularityofteainBritain.Bythemid-18thcenturythedutyonteahadreachedaridiculous119percent.Thisheavytaxationhadtheeffectofcreatingawholenewindustry—teasmuggling!ÌÍ8.ShipsfromHollandandScandinaviabroughtteatotheBritishcoast,thenstoodoffshorewhilesmugglersmetthemandunloadedthepreciouscargoinsmallvessels.Thesmugglers,oftenlocalfishermen,secretlymovedtheteainlandthroughundergroundpassagesandhiddenpathstospecialhidingplaces.Oneofthebesthidingplaceswasinthelocalchurch!Evensmuggledteawasexpensive,however,andthereforeextremelyprofitable,somanysmugglersbegantoadulterate!ÏᎷ8theteawithothersubstances,suchaswillowandsloeleaves.Usedtealeaveswerealsoredriedandaddedtofreshleaves.Finally,in1784WilliamPitttheYoungerintroducedtheCommutationAct,whichdroppedthetaxonteafrom119%to12.5%,effectivelyendingsmuggling.Adulterationremainedaproblem,though,untiltheFoodandDrugActof1875broughtinseverepunishmentfbrthepractice.4.Accordingtothepassage,teadrinking.A.isthefavoritepastimeoftheDutchB.isanimportantBritishtraditionC.waswell-receivedbythePortuguesecenturiesagoD.couldbefoundeverywhereintheworldin15605.Whomightbeannoyedbythepopularityofthetea?A.Coffeehouseowners.B.Winesellers.C.Britain'slowerclasses.D.Smugglers.6.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutteasmugglingisTRUE?A.Churchesprovidedconvenienceforsmuggling.B.Fishermenandfarmerscontributedalottoteaindustry.

16C.Undergroundpassagesandboatswereidealhidingplacesfortea.D.Thegovernmentencouragedteasmugglingfortaxesontea.7.HowwastheorderoftheteamarketfinallyrestoredinBritain?A.Bypassinganactrelatedtoataxrise.B.Byimposingmildpunishment.C.Bypunishingthosewhosoldfaketea.D.Bymixingredriedusedleaveswithfreshtealeaves.ூWᫀ௃4.B5.B6.A7.CூZ᪆௃\]^_`ᦻ஺Ð=4ₐᙠÓÔḄÕÖᔊØ஺4.³⁚ᳮZ⚪஺᪷ᦻbuTea,themosttypicalofEnglishdrinks,:ₐᨬᐺÚḄÓÔÛᧇ:ÝₐᙠÓÔÞ]ßàáâḄ஺⌱⚗BjᦻbḄãäᔠ஺ᦑ⌱B⚗஺5.³⁚ᳮZ⚪஺᪷NåæuçTeagainedpopularityquicklyinthecoffeehouses,andby1700over500coffeehousessoldit.Thisdistressedthepubowners,asteacuttheirsalesofbeer,anditwasbadnewsforthegovernment,whodependeduponasteadystreamofrevenue!Êᦈ8fromtaxesonliquorsales.nJ:஺ₐḄéê⏀ᔳὁîßïð¬«ₐḄdǬ«ₐñò4óôḄᖼ⏀├÷\øùúᩭ_]ûü¿¬«ùúýþᩭÿ⏀
├ᦈḄᦈᐭ஺⌱⚗Bᔠ⚪஺ᦑ⌱B⚗஺6.⁚ᳮ⚪஺ᔠᦻThisheavytaxationhadtheeffectofcreatingawholenewindustry—teasmuggling!.ShipsfromHollandandScandinaviabroughtteatotheBritishcoast,thenstoodoffshorewhilesmugglersmetthemandunloadedthepreciouscargoinsmallvessels.Thesmugglers,oftenlocalfishermen,secretlymovedtheteainlandthroughundergroundpassagesandhiddenpathstospecialhidingplaces.Oneofthebesthidingplaceswasinthelocalchurch!#$%⌼ᡂ()*ᐰ,Ḅ-.---ₐ1஺ᩭ3₹ᐲ678Ḅ9:;Ḅ=>?ₐ1@ᑮ(BCDE>ᯠGH☠ᙠKD>ὅMNOP☢>ᵨSᔂUVWḄXᱥ஺ὅ>Z[\]ᙢḄ_`>ZaᙢUZ⍝6◚dḄSe>fgᙢhₐ1ijᑁ▮ᱯnḄopᙢq஺ᨬsḄotuᜐw\]ᙢḄᦟᚪz{|}⍝>~ₐ1Ḅ%>ₐ1Ḅᡂ஺]ᙢ_`?Ḅₐ1

17oᙠ]ᙢḄᦟᚪ>ᡠ|ᦟᚪₐ1(ᑭ஺ᡠ|A⚗ᔠ⚪஺ᦑ⌱A⚗஺7.⁚ᳮ⚪஺ᳮᦻᨬG)ᨬG>ᙠ1784>Sᱯᐭ(ᫀ>hₐ1119%12.5%,ᨵᦔᙢ(஺Ꮇ)\*⚪>ᑮ1875Ḅ6#$¡¢¡(£ᔍḄ¥¦஺{|§}>¨\~ₐ1Ꮇ⚪Ḅ¡¢¡(£ᔍḄ¥¦G>ₐ1©ª«ឮ(¨[Ḅ®¯஺⌱⚗C6ᦻ°±஺ᦑ⌱C⚗஺²ஹ´µḕ᝞¸¹º2021-2022º»¼½¾!Whatisthebestpartofatypicalrelaxingsummerday?NothingisbetterthansittinginanaiTnchairwithabeerandsomechipsinyourhand,enjoyingthegreatcomfort.Themuch-lovedcombinationofbeerandchipsisbeingexploitedforthefirsttimetodealwithclimatechange.ChipsfirmWalkershasadoptedatechniqueitsayswillcutCO?emissions¿FÀ!fromitsproductionprocessby70%.ThetechnologywilluseCO?capturedfrombeerprocessinginabreweryÁᓧ?⎽ᔆ!>whichisthenmixedwithpotatowasteandturnedintofertilizer.ItwillthenbespreadonUKfieldstofeedthefollowingyear'spotatocrop.CreatingfertilizernormallyproduceshighCO2emissions,butthetechnologyadoptedbyWalkersmakesfertilizerwithoutgeneratingCO2.So,thebeer-and-chipscombinationperformsadoublefunction.ItstopstheemissionofbreweryCO2intotheatmosphere—anditsavesontheCO?normallygeneratedbyfertilizerproduction.ThisCreativewin-winsolutionwasdevelopedwithanapprovalfromtheUKgovernmentbya14-employeestart-upcalledCCm.Thefertilizerwasexperimentedonpotatoseedbedsthisyear,andnextyearWalkerswillinstallCCmequipmentatitsLeicesterfactorytoprepareforits2022crop.AdecisionhasnotyetbeenmadeonwhichbreweryWalkerswillworkwithonthis.Thenewtechnologyaddstocarbon-savingtechniquesalreadyunderway.ThefirmhasinstalledananaerobicdigesterÆÇÈᓄÊ!>whichfeedspotatowastetobacteriatoproduceausefulgas.Thegasisburnedtomakeelectricityfbrthechip-fryingprocess—sothissavesonburninggasorcoal.Thenewsystemwillgoastepfurtherbytakingawaypotato“cake”leftafterdigestion—andmixingthebreweryCO2intoittomakeanenrichedfertilizerwhichwillhelpputcarbonbackintothesoilaswellasencouragingplantgrowth.It'sanexampleofscientistsfindingwaystouseCO2emissionswhichotherwisewouldincreasetheover-heatingoftheplanet.8.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?

18A.Todrawreaders9attention.B.Toentertainreaders.C.Toshowhowusefulbeerandchipsaretoourlife.D,Tointroduceawayoflife.9.Whichofthefollowingisanadvantageofthesystem?A.Itwillbetotallycost-free.B,Itdoesn'tconsumeanyenergy.C.Itwillbeaperfectsolutiontoclimatechange.D.Itisenvironmentally-friendly.10.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.HowCO?isturnedintofertilizer.B.HowthetechnologystopsCO2emissions.C.Howanenergy-savinggreentechnologyworks.D.Theadvantagesofanewtechnology.11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Thetechnologywillfixtheproblemofglobalwarming.B.Walkershasawiderangeofpartnerchoices.?C.Thistechnologywillbeadoptedbymanychipsfirmssoon.D.Scientistsareseekingsolutionstoclimatechange.ூÌᫀ௃8.A9.D10.C11.Dூ᪆௃#\)ÏÐÑᦻ஺ᦻÒÓ(ÔºÕÖᑮ(ᑭᵨ×ÇᓄØ᣸ÀḄ)*Ú——ᖼ⏀6ÝᩩḄßᔠ——ᩭàá᎛ãᓄ>äᙢᳫḄæç஺8.èᳮᑨê⚪஺᪷ì)“Whatisthebestpartofatypicalrelaxingsummerday?Nothingisbetterthansittinginanarmchairwithabeerandsomechipsinyourhand,enjoyingthegreatcomfort.(——*ᐺîḄÀïḄð

19ñòᨬsḄóᑖ\õö÷øᨵõöùᙶᙠᢄü᫹þ>üòÿḼᖼ⏀ᩩᜧḄ—〉Ḅo”“Themuch-lovedcombinationofbeerandchipsisbeingexploitedforthefirsttimetodealwithclimatechange.᰿Ḅᖼ⏀ᩩḄ!ᔠ✌$%ᵨᩭ()*᎛,ᓄ஺ᡝ01Ḅ2Ḅ3ᔾ56ὅḄ895:;ᦻ஺ᦑ⌱A⚗஺9.@⁚ᳮC⚪஺᪷F“ChipsfirmWalkershasadoptedatechniqueitsayswillcutCO2emissions᣸Hfromitsproductionprocessby70%.ᱏJKWalkersLᵨᢈNFO0PQᐸSTUVḄWᓄX᣸HYZ[70%o
”\“CreatingfertilizernormallyproduceshighCO2emissions,butthetechnologyadoptedbyWalkersmakesfertilizerwithoutgeneratingCO2.So,thebeer-and-chipscombinationperformsadoublefunction.ᑴ⌼_ᧇabcTSdeḄWᓄX᣸HfWalkersᡠLᵨḄᢈNᙠᑴ⌼_ᧇijcTSWᓄX஺klᖼ⏀ᩩḄ!ᔠᨵnopq஺ᡝ01rstḄuvw3ᨵxyឋ஺ᦑ⌱D⚗஺10.{|ᜧ9⚪஺᪷F\"ThetechnologywilluseCO?capturedfrombeerprocessinginabreweryᖼ7⎽ᔆwhichisthenmixedwithpotatowasteandturnedintofertilizer.ItwillthenbespreadonUKfieldstofeedthefollowingyear'spotatocrop.⚗ᢈNQᵨᖼ⏀ᔆᖼ⏀UVᣓḄWᓄXᯠᧇᔠ,ᡂ_ᧇ஺ᯠQ%ᑮḄᵪᙢᩭḄᱥᧇ஺”“ItstopstheemissionofbreweryCO?intotheatmosphere—anditsavesontheCO?normallygeneratedbyfertilizerproduction.0Pᖼ⏀ᔆQWᓄX᣸Hᑮᜧ*0P⁚ḕabᵫᓄ_STTSḄWᓄX஺ᡝ01£{⌕3¥¦⚗§⁐⁚qᢈNḄ©ᳮ஺ᦑ⌱C⚗஺11.ªᳮᑨ¬⚪஺᪷Fᨬᵨ"It'sanexampleofscientistsfindingwaystouseCO2emissionswhichotherwisewouldincreasetheover-heatingoftheplanet.3®¯°±²ᑭᵨWᓄX᣸HḄ´µ¶ᔲᑣcᒓᙢᳫḄU»஺ᡝ0ª1®¯°¼ᙠ½¾*᎛,ᓄḄC¿Àᫀ஺ᦑ⌱D⚗஺ᓝஹÄÅḕ᝞ǯ2021-2022¯e\ÈÉRainisvitaltolifeonEarth.However,rainisn'tjustmadeofwateranymore—it'spartlymadeofplastic.Millionsoftinypiecesofplastic,calledmicroplastics,arewanderingaroundEarth'satmosphereandtravelingacrossentirecontinents,accordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesonApril12.Anotherstudy,publishedinthejournalScienceinJune2020,hasrevealedthateveryyearmorethan1,000tonsoftheparticles⚩Ëequivalenttoover120millionplasticbottles—fallinrain.Microplasticsareplasticparticleslessthan5millimetersindiameterÌÍandcomefromanumberofsources.Plasticbagsandbottlesreleasedintotheenvironmentbreakdownintosmallerandsmallerbits.Some

20microplasticsaremanufactureddeliberatelytoprovideabrasionẆÏinahostofproducts,suchastoothpasteandcleansers,accordingtotheDailyMail.Anothermajorsourceisyourwashingmachine.WhenyouwashsyntheticᔠᡂḄclothing,tinymicrofibersgetflushedÐᣵawaywiththewastewater.Eventhoughthewateristreatedbyawastewaterplant,themicroplasticsremain,andtheyarereleasedintothesea,accordingtoAmericanmagazineWired.Plasticrainmayremindpeopleofacidrain,buttheformerisfarmorewidespreadandhardertodealwith.Thetinyparticles,toosmalltobeseenwiththenakedeye,arecollectedbythewindfromtheground.Theyaresolightthattheystayintheairtobeblownaroundtheglobe.Astheyclimbintotheatmosphere,theyarethoughttoactasnuclei᪶ÓaroundwhichwatervaporÔÕ*condensesÖ×toformclouds.Someofthedustfallsbacktolandindryconditions,whiletherestcomesdownasrain,accordingtotheDailyMail.Microplasticshavebeenfoundeverywhereyoucanimagine.Fromfishandfrogstomiceandmosquitoes,theirbodieshavebeenfound,onaverage,tocontain40piecesofmicroplastic,reportedDailyMail.Asthetopofthefoodchain,humansareexposedtomicroplastics,too.t4Weliveonaballinsideabubble,“microplasticresearcherSteveAllenatUniversityofStrathclyde,Scotland,toldWired.<4Therearenoborders,therearenoedges.Itplasticrain
rainingonthelandandthengettingblownbackupintotheairagain,tomovesomewhereelse.There'snostoppingitonceit'sout.”12.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Howmicroplasticsshouldbehandled.B.Howmicroplasticsareusedwidely.C.Howmicroplasticspollutewater.D.Howmicroplasticscomeintobeing.13.Whatdoweknowaboutmicroplastics?A.Theyarelightandcanbeeasilydealtwith.B.Theyresultinbothacidrainandplasticrain.C.Theyhaveadiameterofatleast5millimeters.D.Theyhavenearlyaffectedthewholefoodchain.14.WhatdoSteveAlien'swordsmeaninthelastparagraph?A.Noplaceissafefrommicroplasticpollution.B.Theatmospherepossessesthecapacitytoself-cleanse.C.Countriesshouldworktogethertofightplasticpollution.D.Itisimportanttoremovemicroplasticssomewhereelse.

2115.Whafsthemainpurposeofthearticle?A.Tocompareacidrainandplasticrain.B.Towarnpeopleofthedangersofmicroplastics.C.Tocallonpeopletoreduceusingplasticproducts.D.Tointroducethesourcesandeffectsofmicroplastics.ூÙᫀ௃12.D13.D14.A15.DூC᪆௃£ᦻ3OÜᦻ¥¦Ýᛛᧇßᜐjᙠáᑖ᪆Ḅᩭã)Sᱥ⌼ᡂḄäå஺12.{|ᜧ9⚪஺᪷F\æᯠ{⚪ç"Microplasticsareplasticparticleslessthan5millimetersindiameterÌÍandcomefromanumberofsources.Ýᛛᧇ3ᢣÌÍéT5êëḄᛛᧇ⚩Ëᨵìᩭã”;ᦻᑮḄ\Ýᛛᧇᩭã0ª1£{⌕íÝᛛᧇ3îïðᡂḄ஺ᦑ⌱D⚗஺13.@⁚ᳮC⚪஺᪷Fñæᯠ“Microplasticshavebeenfoundeverywhereyoucanimagine.Fromfishandfrogstomiceandmosquitoes,theirbodieshavebeenfound,onaverage,tocontain40piecesofmicroplastic,reportedDailyMail.Asthetopofthefoodchain,humansareexposedtomicroplastics,too.òqóôõḄᡠᨵᙢÀöᨵÝᛛᧇ஺F÷øùúûüû⍝þஹ☘ᑮὁḄᙳᨵ40ᱏᛛᧇ஺ᱥḄ⚔!"☄ᙠᛛᧇ%&“()ᛛᧇ*ᙠ+᦮-.ᱥᱥ%஺ᦑ⌱D⚗஺14.2ᳮᑨ5⚪஺᪷89:;ᯠ=“'Weliveonaballinsideabubble,'microplasticresearcherSteveAllenatUniversityofStrathclyde,Scotland,toldWired.4Thcrearenoborders,therearcnoedges.Itplasticrain
rainingonthelandandthengettingblownbackupintotheairagain,tomovesomewhereelse.There*snostoppingitonceit'soul.>ᡃ.@ᙠA-BCDḄᳫFGHIᐲKᱯMKNOPᜧRḄᛛᧇẆTᕒV™XYZ[\]^_`ᩖb஺’dᨵefdᨵeg஺>ᛛᧇh&iᙠᙢFᯠklmᔿoᑮp%qrᑮᐸtᙢu஺Avwxyz{|}஺'
"SteveAllenḄ~(2)tᛛᧇ⌼ᡂḄyz⌫dᨵᐰḄᙢu஺ᦑ⌱A⚗஺15.ᜧ⚪஺᪷8ᦻᑁ()ᦻᵨhwᛛᧇyᜐᙠA~⚪9;ᯠ=ᑖ᪆}ᛛᧇḄ-ᩭ:;ᯠ=.ᱥḄ஺ᵫ¡()ᦻḄ⌕£Ḅ¤ᛛᧇḄᩭ

22஺ᦑ⌱D⚗஺H^Aஹ>¨Hḕ᝞«¬%R2021-2022R®¬¯°&NotreDameCathedralinPariswasbadlydamagedinthefire.Itwasheartbreakinganditsoundedthealamfortheprotectionofculturalrelics>⍡²&atthesametime.Itwouldhavebeenbettertohavethree-dimensionalscansbefore.3Dscanningtechnologycanbeusedtoscanbothinsideandoutsideofanimportantculturalrelictogetaccurate3Ddataandthena3Dprinterisusedtocopyasmallerversion,whichwillbeveryusefulfortherepairwork.Inordertoobtainaccuratedataaboutculturalrelics,theexpertsusehigh-techthree-dimensionallaseri|iᐝ&scannerandothermeanstodescribetheshapeoftheoriginalculturalrelicsveryaccurately.Then,themodelisprintedoutbya3Dprinter.Finally,thecopiedculturalrelicsareprocessed,includingsurfacecolor,decorationprocessingandsoon.Three-dimensionalprintingtechnologyhasaveryapparentadvantage.Itcanadjustthesizeofprintsaccordingtotheneed,andcaneasilyobtainone-thirdandone-halfofthesizeoforiginalculturalrelics.Thisisdifficultorevenimpossibletodointraditionalreproduction.Atpresent,allpartsofChinaareacceleratingthedigitalprotectionofculturalrelicsandrecordingancientculturalrelicswithmodemscienceandtechnology.Forexample,theYungangGrottoes>´µ&ResearchInstitute,togetherwiththedigitalteamoftheInstituteofCulturalHeritageofZhejiangUniversity,hasrestoredthethirdgrottoofYungangGrottoesataratio>¶·
of1:1fortwoyears.Throughouttheprocessofrestorationof3Dprintedculturalrelics,theprobabilityofsecondarydamagecausedbyhumantouchislow,andtheartisticvalueofculturalrelicscanberebuilttothemaximumdegree.Theworldcanappreciatethebeautyofclassicalculturalrelicsmoredeeply.8.WhyisNotreDameCathedralmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A.Toraisepeople'sawarenessofsafety.B.Toremindpeopleofthefamousbuilding.C.Toserveasanintroductiontothetopic.D.Toappealforpreservationofculturalrelics.9.Whatistheobviousadvantageof3Dtechnologycomparedwithtraditionalreproduction?A.Itcansavealotofprofessionals.

23B.Itcanhelpresizethereproductionsoftheculturalrelics.C.Itcanreproduceculturalrelicsaswhattheywere.D.Itcanchangetheshapesoftheoriginalculturalrelics.10.Whatcanbeknownaboutusing3Dtechnologyinreproducingculturalrelicsfromthelastparagraph?A.Nofurtherdamageisdonewhilerepairing.B.Theirartisticvalueisregainedasmuchaspossible.C.Thedigitalmodelswillreplacetheoriginalculturalrelics.D.Handworkinreproducingculturalrelicswilldisappearsoon.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleofthetext?A.3DPrintinginChinaB.ProtectionofCulturalRelicsC.Developmentsof3DTechnologyD.3DTechnologyinCulturalRelicsRestorationூ¹ᫀ௃8.C9.B10.B11.Dூ¼᪆௃ᦻ¤½¾ᦻ஺ᦻ⌕}3DᡭÀᢈÂᙠᦻᱥÃÄ%ḄÅᵨÆᐸÇÈ஺8.2ᳮᑨ5⚪஺᪷89;Aᯠ=“NotreDameCathedralinPariswasbadlydamagedinthefire.Itwasheartbreakinganditsoundedthealarmfortheprotectionofculturalrelics>⍡²&atthesametime.Itwouldhavebeenbettertohavethree-dimensionalscansbefore.>ÉÊᙛÌ▾ᙠᜧÎ%ÏÐÑÒ஺ÓÔÕḄÖ×!ᦻᱥÃÄ᦬}ÙÚ஺᝞ÛÜÝÞᨵßàáâãxäåæç&”éᔠëᦻ3DᢈÂᙠᦻᱥÃÄu☢ḄÅᵨ(2)íÉÊᙛÌ▾îÑÎïᦻᱥÑÒḄ£Ḅ¤wßàáᢈÂᙠᦻᱥÃÄ%ḄÅᵨA~⚪஺ᦑ⌱C⚗஺9.ð⁚ᳮ¼⚪஺᪷89;ᯠ=“Three-dimensionalprintingtechnologyhasaveryapparentadvantage.Itcanadjustthesizeofprintsaccordingtotheneed,andcaneasilyobtainone-thirdandone-halfofthesizeoforiginalculturalrelics.Thisisdifficultorevenimpossibletodointraditionalreproduction.ßᡭE[JᢈÂᐹᨵó

24ô¾õḄÇÈ஺(Ü᪷8◤⌕÷᦮ᓺᑵúḄᜧûæ᧕ýþÿᦻᱥᜧḄᑖᡈᜧ஺ᙠḄᑴᑮḄ”!"Ḅᑴᢈ$%&!'ᡭᓺᢈ$*᪷,◤⌕/᦮ᓺᑵ2Ḅᜧ஺ᦑ⌱B⚗஺10.6⁚ᳮ9⚪஺᪷,;<=ᯠ?“Throughouttheprocessofrestorationof3Dprintedculturalrelics,theprobabilityofsecondarydamagecausedbyhumantouchislow,andtheartisticvalueofculturalrelicscanberebuilttothemaximumdegree.@ᙠ3DᡭᓺᦻᱥAḄ᦮BCD!ᵫFGḄH᥎⌼ᡂLMNOḄᭆ᳛RS!ᦻᱥḄT$UV*WᑮᨬᜧDYḄឮ“!\ᵨ3Dᡭᓺᢈ$^_ᦻᱥA*ᨬᜧDYᙢឮᦻᱥḄT$UV஺ᦑ⌱B⚗஺11.abᜧc⚪஺᪷,;•=ᯠ?“Itwouldhavebeenbettertohavethree-dimensionalscansbefore.@᝞f*gᨵ'ijklmn“!;o=ᯠ?“Three-dimensionalprintingtechnologyhasaveryapparentadvantage.Itcanadjustthesizeofprintsaccordingtotheneed,andcaneasilyobtainone-thirdandone-halfofthesizeoforiginalculturalrelics.Thisisdifficultorevenimpossibletodointraditionalreproduction.'ᡭE|1ᢈ$ᐹᨵrstuḄvw஺x*᪷,◤⌕/᦮ᓺᑵ2Ḅᜧ!y᧕{W|ᦻᱥᜧḄᑖᡈᜧ஺ᙠḄᑴᑮḄ”};<=ᯠ?“Throughouttheprocessofrestorationof3Dprintedculturalrelics,theprobabilityofsecondarydamagecausedbyhumantouchislow,andtheartisticvalueofculturalrelicscanberebuilttothemaximumdegree.@ᙠ3DᡭᓺᦻᱥAḄ᦮BCD!ᵫFGḄH᥎⌼ᡂLMNOḄᭆ᳛RS!ᦻᱥḄT$UV*WᑮᨬᜧDYḄឮᡝ!ᦻa⌕n3Dᡭᓺᢈ$ᙠᦻᱥḄᵨᐸvw஺ᦑ⌱D⚗஺ᓝLஹ@ḕ᝞2021-2022Mytwo-andfour-year-oldboyslovetowin,whetherthey'reracingtheirbikesdownthesidewalkorjustfinishingtheirsnacks.It'struethatthosewithhighstatus,fromworldleadersandprizewinnerstoathletesandmoviestars,arepeoplewelikeandrespect.ArecentstudypublishedinNatureHumanBehaviourshowedthatweseemtohaveaninnate@ᜩḄpreferenceforhigh-rankingpeople-butonlyifthosepeoplearen'thurtfultowardothers.Researchersshowedtoddlersaged21to31months
ascenewheretwopuppets@ᩈᏔapproachedoneanotherfromoppositesidesofastageandonebowedtolettheotherpassfirst.Askedwhichpuppettheylikedbetter,18ofthe21toddlersintheexperimentreachedforthepuppetwhohadbeenallowedtopass.Becauserespectfromothersisamarkerofstatus,thissuggeststhatchildrenhaveapreferenceforthosewithahigherstatus—evenbeforeagethree.

25However,theresultswerequitedifferentwhentwopuppetsapproachedoneanotherandoneusedforcetoknocktheotherdownbeforecontinuingtotheotherside.Inthiscase,18ofthe21toddlersreachedfortheonewhowasknockeddown.Astheresearchersconcluded,t4Whcnapproachingothers,veryyoungchildrencarenotonlywhowins,butalsohow."Thepreviousexperimenthasshownthattoddlersknowaboutsocialstatusbutthisexperimentwentonestepfurtherbyprovingtheyhaveanobviouspreferenceforhighstatus.Sincetheparticipantsweresoyoung,thismightevenbeaninnatehumanpreference.Inaword,thisnewresearchsuggeststhatyoungchildrenappreciatepeoplewhodowellwhileatthesametimedoinggoodtoothers.So,whenmyfour-year-oldthinksthathehastogethisshoesonfirst,I'llkeepremindinghimthathelpinghisbrothersotheybothfinishfasteriswhatwinningisallabout.12.Whatdowetendtodoaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.Seekchallengesallthetime.B.Admirehigh-rankingpeople.C,Takeadvantageofhighstatus.D.Hurtotherswithoffensivewords.13.Whydidtoddlerspreferthepuppetallowedtopass?A.Itlookedlovely.B.Itbehavedsmartly.C.Itseemedpolite.D.Itwasrespected.14.Whatcanweinferfromthelatterstudy?A.Peoplenaturallydislikeunkindbehavior.B•Toddlerscarelittleabouthighsocialstatus.C.Slowerpeoplearebetterlovedbytoddlers.D.Beinghelpfulcontributestobeingsupported.15.Whatshouldwedowhenweencouragechildrentowin?A.Instructthemtouseproperandcreativeways.B.Advisethemtobeashardworkingaspossible.C.Remindthemtobeconsideratetootherpeople.D.Tellthemtotrytocooperatewithsomeoneelse.

26ூᫀ௃12.B13.D14.A15.Cூ9᪆௃tᦻ஺ᦻa⌕nG¡l¢£}¤¥ᙢ¦§¨©ªF«GḄG!¬®ᜩឋ!ᓽ±²³´Ḅµ¶·᝞¸஺12.6⁚ᳮ9⚪஺᪷,;?ᨬ¹º"ArecentstudypublishedinNatureHumanBehaviourshowedthatweseemtohaveaninnateᜩḄpreferenceforhigh-rankingpeoples------butonlyifthosepeoplearen'thurtfultowardothers.@»⊤ᙠ½=ᯠG¾_¿ÀᩖÂÃḄᨬÄ⚗ẆÆ⊤t!ᡃ¡¬ᜩkl¢£ᙢ¦ḄGÈgÉÊGOªËGᡝ!ᡃ¡lÌᔣF¥ÎÏÊᙢ¦ḄG஺ᦑ⌱B⚗஺13.ÐᳮᑨÒ⚪஺᪷,;L?ᨬ¹º"Becauserespectfromothersisamarkerofstatus,thissuggeststhatchildrenhaveapreferenceforthosewithahigherstatus—evenbeforeageIhree.@Ó¿Ôᑮ«GḄ¤Õ®ᙢ¦Ḅ᪗Â!⊤t!µ¶¡×Ø᰿ÏÊᙢ¦lḄG——ᙠÛg”!²³´Ḅµ¶l¢£ÏBÜᐕÞßCḄᩈᏔ!Ó¿xà⊤ḼÔG¤¥!µ¶¡l¢£Ô¤¥ḄG஺ᦑ⌱D⚗஺14.ÐᳮᑨÒ⚪஺᪷,;?Ḅ;Lº"Inthiscase,18ofthe21toddlersreachedfortheonewhowasknockeddown.”}ᨬ¹º"Sincetheparticipantsweresoyoung,thismightevenbeaninnatehumanpreferenceâ!21B²³´Ḅµ¶ᨵ18B×ãᔣÜä᎔ḄG!§ᵫFµ¶æ!G¾çᩭḄØm஺ᵫ¸ÐÒé!G¡ᜩ¢£êᗐḄ_¿஺ᦑ⌱A⚗஺15.ÐᳮᑨÒ⚪஺᪷,ᨬ¹?;º"Inaword,thisnewresearchsuggeststhatyoungchildrenappreciatepeoplewhodowellwhileatthesametimedoinggoodtoothers.”!BẆì⊤tíḄµ¶îïÏÊ⊤ðé⁐òó¿ËGmôḄG஺ᵫ¸ÐÒé!ᡃ¡õöµ¶÷øḄòó!É⏨«¡⌕úû«G஺ᦑ⌱C⚗஺ᓝஹ@üḕ☘þÿ2021-2022
Someinfluentialfigureshavelefttheirmarksintheworldofscienceandtechnology.SundarPichaiisthecurrentCEOofGoogle.Atpresent,Googleisthemostpopularsearchengineandisawordthathasenteredthedictionaryinitsverbform,'GooglingHewasnotbomwithasilverspooninhismouthandthefamilysufferedfrompoverty.Buthisstoryneverfailstoremindallthatwithdeterminationandhardwork,onecanbeattheodds.AlthoughSteveJobspassedonyearsago,hewas,andstillis,theperfectrolemodelformanyentrepreneurs.

27HewasfiredfromthecompanyofApple,andthenhewentontostartuptwoothersuccessfulcompanies.Later,hereturnedtoApplewherehecreatedtheiPhone,aproductthatmanyconsidertobethemostsignificantinventionofthiscentury.ElonMuskisthefounderofSpaceXandTesla.HeusedtobeamajorshareholderandCEOinPayPal,butwasforcedtoleavefromhisroleasCEOduetodisagreementswiththecompanyleaders.Currently,hehassethissightsonwaystoreduceglobalwarming,includingkeepingalookoutfornewsourcesofrenewableenergy,andhasanexcitingambitiontoestablishahumancolonyinMars.MarkZuckerbergisthefounderofFacebook.Manyareawareofhisenormoussuccessinbuildingthe$350-billioncompanybutnotmanyknowthathehadtojourneythrougharockypathtogettowhereheistoday.Hedroppedoutofcollegeandhadtotideoveruncertaintimesbeforereachingsuccess.1.WhatdidSteveJobsdoafterbeingfiredfromApple?A.Hegavelecturestoyoungbusinessmen.B.Hebecameasuccessfulentrepreneuroftwootherstart-ups.C.HestartedacompanywherehecreatediPhone.D.Hemadethemostsignificantinventionintheworld.2.Whoisonthefrontierofspaceexplorationtechnology?A.SundarPichai.B.SteveJobs.C.ElonMusk.D.MarkZuckerberg.3.Whatsimilaritydothefourfiguresshare?A.Theywerebornintopoorfamilies.B.Theywentthroughhardshipbeforesuccess.C.Theycontributedalottorenewableenergy.D.Theyquitcollegetochasetheirdreams.ூᫀ௃1.B2.C3.Bூ᪆௃ᦻ஺ᦻᙠᢈ!"ᜧᡂ%Ḅ'(஺I.)⁚ᳮ⚪஺᪷./01Ḅ“HewasfiredfromthecompanyofApple,andthenhewentontostartuptwoothersuccessfulcompanies.23456789:ᯠ<=>?@᜜BCᡂDḄ78”FG:ᙠ456

28789<:HIJᡂK@᜜BCL>MNḄᡂDMNC஺ᦑ⌱B஺2.)⁚ᳮ⚪஺᪷./01Ḅ“ElonMuskisthefounderofSpaceXandTesla.ElonMuskSpaceXQᱯJSḄTU(“"Cuirently,hehassethissightsonwaystoreduceglobalwarming,includingkeepingalookoutfornewsourcesofrenewableenergy,andhasanexcitingambitiontoestablishahumancolonyinMars.VW:3XYVᐝᢗᔣ]^ᐰᳫaᨨḄcd:ᒹfghiḄFjklm:nᨵp(ᐶrḄstuv:ᓽᙠxyz{|(}~ᙢ”FG:ElonMuskc☢Ḅᐜ஺ᦑ⌱C஺3.)⁚ᳮ⚪஺᪷./1ḄSundarPichaiḄ“Hewasnotbomwithasilverspooninhismouthandthefamilysufferedfrompoverty.Buthisstoryneverfailstoremindallthatwithdeterminationandhardwork,onecanbeattheodds.3Ḽᓇ!kḄ:C஺3Ḅᦑ⏨ᜧC:⌕ᨵtQ:%Fᡊ¡¢”,/01ḄSteveJobsḄ“HewasfiredfromthecompanyofApple,andthenhewentontostartuptwoothersuccessfulcompanies.23456789:ᯠ<=>?@᜜BCᡂDḄ78”,QElonMuskḄ“HeusedtobeamajorshareholderandCEOinPayPal,butwasforcedtoleavefromhisroleasCEOduetodisagreementswiththecompanyleaders.3¤PayPalḄ¥⌕¦§Q✌©᡻«¬:ᵫ®¯78⚞±²³ᑖµ:34¶·¸✌©᡻«¬Ḅ¹º”»/1MarkZuckerbergḄ“Manyareawareofhisenormoussuccessinbuildingthe$350-billioncompanybutnotmanyknowthathehadtojourneythrougharockypathtogettowhereheistoday.Hedroppedoutofcollegeandhadtotideoveruncertaintimesbeforereachingsuccess.2¼½(¾G⍝3ᙠ{|CÀÁ3500ÂÃᐗḄ78c☢ÅÆ"ᜧḄᡂD:Çᨵ½^(G⍝3ÈÉÊËᩩÍÎḄ⍝ÏÐlÑᑮÓᜩḄÕÖ஺3×ᜧ⌨:ᙠÙÆᡂDÚW:3ÆÛËÜÝḄÞß”FG:(ᱥḄᐳâã3ä¾ᙠåᔊ⁎¢¡èÚ<ÐÅÆᡂDḄ஺ᦑ⌱Boᓝஹ2ë§ḕ☘îï2021-2022
Nobodywantstosnackonplasticbagsorsodarings,butaccordingtoarecentstudyfromtheUniversityofNewcastle,wecouldbeconsumingroughlyacreditcard*sworthofplasticeveryweek.Microplastic,whicharelessthanaquarter-inchsizeandcomeinvariousshapes,havepollutedthenaturalworldandinfiltrated2ðᐭ
ourbodies.Thefirstcluetomicroplasticexposureinhumanscamearound2013,whenscientistsdiscoveredplasticparticlesinseafoodpreparedforconsumption.Butin2019,whentheUniversityofNewcastlestudywaspublished,thescientificcommunityunderstoodthattheproblemwasconsiderablybroader.Microplasticsshedoffclothesandtiresandhavebeenfoundinbeer,honey,tablesaltandotherfooditems.Webreatheinplasticstayingintheairanddrinkplasticfloatinginourdrinks.It'snostretchtoconcludethatour

29exposureissignificant.Whatwedon'tknowiswhatthismeansforus.Theamountofevidencecollectedonthissubjectisgrowingrapidly,accordingtoScottCoffin,atoxicologist2òᳮC.Studiesdoneonmiceandratshavefoundthatplasticintheirbodiescanseverelydamagecellsandcausestress.Becausemicroplasticsaretoosmalltocleanup,theonlysolutionistostopplasticwasteatthesource.Anddoingsowouldtakeathoroughadjustment,giventhatplasticsaredeeplyembeddedinoureconomyandlifestyle.Stoppingusingthemwouldfundamentallyaffectcountlessindustries,includingtextiles2ôõN:transportationandmanufacturing."Ithinkweneedtohavemorestudiescomingoutthataredirectlyrelatedtohumanhealthbeforeweseealotmoreconcernfromthegeneralpublic,1'Scottsaid.nIttakesalottoconvincepeoplethatsomethingthatisreallyconvenientforthemtouseissomethingtheyshouldsacrifice.HThequestionofinicroplasticsandhumanhealthneedsmoreattention——fromthescientificcommunity,thegeneralpublic,thegovernmentandfundinggroups.Theissueisn'tbeingignored,butit'snotbeingprioritizedeither.8.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytellusaboutmicroplastics?A.Theirwideusageindailylife.B.Theirharmtohumanhealth.C.Theirsignificantexposureinhumans.D.Thenewstudyconductedonthem.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"thissubject"referto?A.Thewaythatmicroplasticsexist.B•Thepollutioncausedbymicroplastics.C.Therelationshipbetweenmicroplasticsandhumanhealth.D.Thereasonfortheexistenceofmicroplastics.10.HowtosolvetheproblemaccordingtoScott?A.Tocutdownplasticproduction.B.Tocarryoutmorestudiesonmiceandrats.C.Toinventsomethingmoreconvenientthanplastics.D.Topromotepeople'sawarenessontheharmbroughtbymicroplastics.

3011.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.IsMicroplasticpollutionharmfultoourhealth?B.WhyisMicroplasticpollutioneverywhere?C.Whyisplasticharmful?D.WhatdoyouknowaboutMicroplastics?ூᫀ௃8.C9.C10.D11.Aூ᪆௃ᦻ஺ᦻ¥⌕öᛛᧇXåᜧù!úᙠᡃäḄIIüký:ᔲÿᡃḄᏉ⌼ᡂ◤ḄẆ஺ᦻᔙᐵᛛᧇ஺8.!⁚ᳮ$⚪஺᪷'()*Ḅ+⌕ᑁ./ᐸ“Microplasticsshedoffclothesandtiresandhavebeenfoundinbeer,honey,tablesaltandotherfooditems.Webreatheinplasticstayingintheairanddrinkplasticfloatinginourdrinks.It'snostretchtoconcludethatourexposureissignificant.1⊟3456ῃ8Ḅᛛᧇᙠᖼ⏀ஹ⇾>ஹ?@4ᐸA?BCDᨵFG஺ᡃᔾᐭJKCḄᛛᧇ•MNOᙠPᧇCḄᛛᧇ஺QRᜲTᙢVᡃWXYᜧᙢ[☄ᙠ]ᛛᧇC^”`ab*+⌕cd]ᛛᧇWXᜧefGᙠḄghC஺ᦑ⌱C஺9.klmn⚪஺᪷'()*oḄ“Whatwedon'tknowiswhatthismeansfbrus.pᡃRa⍝rᡃsᕡḼvw^''4(y*Ḅ“Studiesdoneonmiceandratshavefoundthatplasticintheirbodiescanseverelydamagecellsandcausestress.pz{4ᜧ{|ḄẆFG}~ᑁḄᛛᧇ!⌼ᡂ^”`a]ᑮᛛᧇ~ᏉᓻḄ'ᙠὁ{|]Ẇ஺ᵫathissubjectᢣḄ“ᛛᧇᏉḄᐵᦑ⌱Co10.ᳮᑨ⚪஺᪷'᎔ᦪ(£*""Ithinkwcneedtohavemorestudiescomingoutthatarcdirectlyrelatedtohumanhealthbeforeweseealotmoreconcernfromthegeneralpublic,"Scottsaid."Ittakesalottoconvincepeoplethatsomethingthatisreallyconvenientforthemtouseissomethingtheyshouldsacrifice."¤ᱯV£“ᡃ¦ᡃ◤⌕|Ꮙ§¨©ᐵḄẆª«ᑮ¬Ḅᐵ஺⌕®ᜧe¯ª°©±²³A´ᵨḄ¶·°A¸f¹º஺“^“`aScott¦$»r¼½⚪Ḅ²¾¿ÀᛛᧇᓻḄ¦Á஺ᦑ⌱D஺

3111.+Ãᜧs⚪஺᪷'ᦻḄ+⌕ᑁ.()*oḄ“Whatwedorftknowiswhatthismeansfbrus.pᡃRa⍝rᡃsᕡḼvw
"4(y*"Theamountofevidencecollectedonthissubjectisgrowingrapidly,accordingtoScottCoffin,atoxicologistÅᳮ^Studiesdoneonmiceandratshavefoundthatplasticintheirbodiescanseverelydamagecellsandcausestress.pÅᳮScottCoffin⊤Çᙠr¼½⚪ᦈÉḄ'ᦪeÊᙠËÌÍÎ஺z{4ᜧ{|ḄẆFG}~ᑁḄᛛᧇ!⌼ᡂ^”`aᦻ+⌕cdᛛᧇWXᜧefGᙠᡃḄÏÐghÑᔲᡃḄᏉ⌼ᡂ◤•ḄẆ஺ᦑ“ᛛᧇᡃḄᏉᨵᔩÔ”`ÕÖbᦻḄᨬØ᪗⚪஺ᦑ⌱A஺ᓝÛஹpÜÝ2022ÞÀyᐭß^DespiteusuallybeingassociatedwiththeChinese,theLunarNewYearisalsocelebratedinothercountries.HereareseveralplacesinAmericatocelebratetheLunarNewYear.NewYorkCityNewYorkCity,whichhasoneofthelargestpopulationsofethnicpàᦪáâ^ChinesepeopleoutsideofAsia,isagreatplacetoexperiencetheLunarNewYear.Therearearound10differentChinatownsinNewYorkCity.Visitorswillfindparades,performancesandfoodsinmostoftheseareasbutsomeofthefestivalcharacteristicsareuniquetotheparticulardistrict.SanFranciscoSanFrancisco*slunarNewYearcelebrationsarethelongestrunningsinAmerica.Theydatebacktothe1860s,duringthe“GoldRush“period.Today,numerouseventstakeplacearoundtheBayArea,buttheheadlineisthemassiveChineseNewYearParadethatdrawsasmanyas1millionviewers.WashingtonDCWashingtonDChasahistoricChinatown.Thereisaparadeherewithfloats,firecrackers,dancersandmusic.TheSmithsonianAmericanArtMuseumcanhosthandsonartsandcraftseventsthatfeatureperformersinvitedfromChina.TheKennedyCenterstagesthemedperformances,includingfolkmusicandsymphoniesfromChina.ChicagoDespitelowtemperaturesinJanuaryandFebruary,ChicagocelebratestheLunarNewYearinabigway.Therearetwoparades,usuallyheldondifferentdaysofthesameweekend.Oneisinthecity'straditionalChinatownontheSouthSide,andtheothertakesplaceonArgyleStreet.Asiancultureisonfulldisplayduringtheseparades,andotherChicagocommunitiesalsotakepart.1.WhichcityhasthelongesthistoryofcelebratingtheLunarNewYear?

32A.NewYorkCity.B.SanFrancisco.C.WashingtonDC.D.Chicago.2.WhatcantheSmithsonianAmericanArtMuseumdoontheLunarNewYear?A.ServeChinesefood.B.ShowChinesedancers.C.PlayChinesecourtmusic.D.InviteChineseartperformers.3.WhatcommonactivityisheldinthelistedcitiesontheLunarNewYear?A.Festivalparades.B.Englishconcerts.C,TheAmericancultureweekend.D.TheAmerican-styleartexhibitions.ூäᫀ௃1.B2.D3.Aூ$᪆௃bᦻèVéᦻ஺ᦻ+⌕cd]êëì¼íÝÜîCë᧡⁚Ḅ²ð஺1.!⁚ᳮ$⚪஺᪷'(y*“SanFrancisco'slunarNewYearcelebrationsarethelongestrunningsinAmerica.Theydatebacktothe1860s,duringthe“GoldRush”period.ñòóḄôᔊö÷ÜîhøêëᨬÎḄ஺}`Õùúᑮ19ûü60÷¹Ḅ“ýòþ”ÿ஺”᧡⁚Ḅᔊᨬᑮ1960஺ᦑ⌱B஺2.⁚ᳮ"⚪஺᪷%&'(“TheSmithsonianAmericanArtMuseumcanhosthandsonartsandcraftseventsthatfeatureperformersinvitedfromChina.)*+,-.ᱥ✂12⍸456ᕒ89Ḅ:;,-<=஺”)*+,-.ᱥ✂>ᙠ5᧡⁚@12:;,A<=B⍸4ᩭD5Ḅ⊤6ὅ89஺ᦑ⌱D஺3.⁚ᳮ"⚪஺᪷%NewYorkCity5Ḅ“Visitorswillfindparades,performancesandfoodsinmostoftheseareasbutsomeofthefestivalcharacteristicsareuniquetotheparticulardistrict.HIJKᙠᜧMᦪOPᙢRSᑮITஹ⊤6VWᱥXᨵP⁚Zᱯ⁐]^ᙢR_ᨵḄ஺“ஹSanFrancisco5Ḅ“Today,numerouseventstakeplacearoundtheBayArea,buttheheadlineisthemassiveChineseNewYearParadethatdrawsasmanyas1millionviewers.HaᜩᙠcRᨵdM<=Xᜮᩩgh]ᔾjkMl100mnoḄᜧp᧡⁚IT஺”qWashingtonDC5Ḅ“hereisaparadeherewithfloats,firecrackers,dancersandmusic.HOrᨵstஹuvஹwxVyzḄIT஺”VChicago5Ḅ“Asiancultureisonfulldisplayduringtheseparades,andotherChicagocom

33muniliesalsolakepan.H{|ᦻᓄᙠOPIT5ᑮᐙᑖ9ḄᐸR8ᐸ5஺“O'ᙠ5᧡⁚>1TIT<=஺ᦑ⌱A஺ᓝஹH2022ᐭThemeasurablethreattotheenvironmenthasbeenworsenedbythespreadofCOVID-19thatincreasestheneedforplasticprotectiveequipment.Mostplasticismadefromfossilfuels.Millionsoftonsofgreenhousegasarereleasedfromthedevelopmentoftheseresourcesandplasticproductionandburning.Theendlifeofplasticisjustworrisome.Lessthan10%oftheplasticproducedhasbeenrecycled.Evenmoreofithasbeenburned.Butthevastmajorityofplastichasbeenburiedinland,anditisincreasinglypollutingtheenvironment.Wehearmostlyaboutoceanplasticandtheharmdonetoseacreaturesthatmistakeplasticbagsandbitsforfood.Butmicroplasticisevenmoreworrisome.Plasticdoesn'tbreakdownbiologicallybutinsteadbreaksdownintotinyparticlesaverysmallpieceofsomething
,whichhavebeenfoundineverycomeroftheplanet,onlandandintheair,indrinkingwaterandfoodsources.Yetthepublichasnotgiventhisglobalenvironmentaldisastertheattentionitrequires.Instead,theyhaveviewedsingle-useplastic—whichmakesupabout40%ofplasticusedeachyear-asalitterissuethatcanbesolvedthroughbetterrecyclingandwastemanagement.Thatattitudemustchangebecausetherecentglobalbreakdownofthemarketforrecyclinghasmadeitclearthatithasneverbeen,noreverwillbe,abletokeepupwithplastictrashuse.Californiahasbeentheforerunnerofplasticwastereduction——itwasthefirststatetobansingle-useplasticbagsandmaybethefirststatetotransformthewaygoodsarepackaged.Thestatealsocameclosetopassinganactwhichwouldhaverequiredthatproductssoldinplasticpackaginginthestatehaveaprovenrecyclingrateof75%by2032.California,thoughinfluential,can'tsolvethiscrisisalone.TheUShaslongbeenproducingagreatamountofplastictrashanditshouldengageinreducingtheuseofplasticaswell.8.Whydoestheauthormentionthereleaseofgreenhousegasinparagraph1?A.ToshowtheharmofplasticB.Towarnoftheclimatechange.C.Tocallforthedevelopmentoffossilfuels.D.Tohighlighttheimportanceofplasticequipment.9.What*stheauthor'sattitudetowardsthepublicopiniononsingle-useplastic?A.Favorable.B.Tolerant.

34C.Curious.D.Opposed.10.What'sCalifornia'sroleinreducingplasticwaste?A.Apioneer.B.Afailure.C.Anobjector.D.Apredictor.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MicroplasticProductsAreHarmfulB.WasteRecyclingIsanUrgentMatterC.PlasticWastePollutionIsaWake-upCallD.GlobalEnvironmentalDisastersAreIncreasingூᫀ௃8.A9.D10.A11.Cூ"᪆௃ᦻ]¡¢£ᦻ஺ᛛᧇᚗ§¨©ª«᦬஺®ᳮᛛᧇᚗ§¨©¯°±☠ᚗ§³ᦈᜐᳮ¶◤⌕¹᪷ºj»¼K½ᵨ¿ឋᛛᧇᑴA஺8.⁚ᳮ"⚪஺᪷%&(“Mostplasticismadefromfossilfuels.Millionsoftonsofgreenhousegasarcreleasedfromthedevelopmentoftheseresourcesandplasticproductionandburning.HᜧMᦪᛛᧇ]ᵫᓄÃÄᧇᑴᡂḄ஺OPÆÇḄÈÉÊᛛᧇḄËÌVÄÍÎÏkᦪÐmᔴÒÓÔÕ஺”V&q("Theendlifeofplasticisjustworrisome.Lessthan10%oftheplasticproducedhasbeenrecycled.Evenmoreofithasbeenburned.Butthevastmajorityofplastichasbeenburiedinland,anditisincreasinglypollutingtheenvironment.HᛛᧇḄÖ×ؼÙÚ஺ËÌḄᛛᧇÛᨵ¯ᑮ10%ܳᦈ஺ÝMḄÞᙢÜÍß஺XàᜧMᦪᛛᧇÜáᙠᑁ▮äå᛻Ḅ¨©çᩭçè஺“éὅêᑮÒÓÔÕḄ᣸Ï]ìkᕈîᛛᧇḄᓻð஺ᦑ⌱A஺9.ñᳮᑨ⚪஺᪷%&(ᨬóô“Thatattitudemustchangebecausetherecentglobalbreakdownofthemarketforrecyclinghasmadeitclearthatithasneverbeen,noreverwillbe,abletokeepupwithplastictrashuse.HOõ᝱÷øùᦋûüìᨬýᐰᳫᦈḄ⊤ᩭᨵᛛᧇᚗḄᵨ஺“!"ὅ$ᜧ&ᜐᳮ)*ឋᛛᧇᚗḄ,-.ᢝ0$᝱2Ḅ஺ᦑ⌱D஺10.ᳮᑨ!⚪஺᪷8ᨬ:);<)="Califbrniahasbeentheforerunnerofplasticwastereduction)itwas

35thefirststatetobansingle-useplasticbagsandmaybethefirststatetotransformthewaygoodsarepackaged.>?@ᑭBCD)E.FGᛛᧇᚗḄᐜI——.<)KἭM)*ឋᛛᧇNḄOP.<)KᦋRᖪTᒹVWXḄO஺’‘![ᑭBCDᙠFGᛛᧇᚗW☢^_`ᐜab⁐஺ᦑ⌱A஺11.deᜧf⚪஺ghᐰᦻkᛛᧇᚗlmno᦬q஺rᳮᛛᧇᚗlmPs☠ᚗᦈᜐᳮ,v◤⌕᪷yz{|}Gᵨ)*ឋᛛᧇᑴT஺ᡠ“PlasticWastePollutionIsaWake-upCallᛛᧇᚗlmno᦬q''"ᦻ᪗⚪ᨬᔠ〉஺ᦑ⌱C஺

36