浙江省绍兴市2021-2022学年高考适应性考试化学试卷含解析

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:N%•H2O+NaCl+CO2==NH4CI+NaHCO3I,x4NH•HO+Na++CO==NH4++NaHCOI,ᦑA3223B.Êឋᩩätk⏚åqrᓄᑴæ⏚å:2Fe(OH)3+3KClO+4KOH=2KFeO4+3KCI+5H2O,x2

1843C1O+2Fe(OH)+4OH=2FeO2+3Cl+5H2O,ᦑB34C.ᔣ⏚çb+ᐭÎrᓄsÇ
çxᐹᨵéêឋÎrᓄsᐹᨵrᓄឋáὅ;rᓄéêx44Fe2++4Na2Ch+6H2O=4Fe(OH)3j+O2T+8Na+,ᦑC┯zD.ᔣ⛳ḄÞ⏚q┛b+ᐭopḄìíYᮞ4Ca(HCO3)2+Ca(OH)2===2HO+2CaCOI,x423Ca2++HCO+OH=CaCO3l+HO,ᦑD஺32!ᫀ⌱C஺21ஹBூ
᪆௃A.ᡃðᵨᨬòḄᔠó☘°õᔠób°ஹ┱ஹ÷?ᐗùᦑAB.ᔠóḄᰚ_FúûóüḄᰚ_ýᑣ☘°ᰚ_ý*þ°ᦑB┯zC.°ᘤ<⊤☢ḄCuMOH)2c03,⏚ឋAF+Ḅ⏚ឋᑣᵨᘤ⊤☢ḄᦑCD.“☘(CuSOj)"#ᑣᓄ”Ḅ&'()Ḅ*+Fe+CuSO4=FeSO4+Cu,,*+-ᣚ*+ᦑDᦑ/ᫀB஺22ஹAூ
᪆௃A.#()ᔾ4ῖ⇨#7᩽ᵯ᩽*+:Fe-2e=Fe2+,᩽*+:O+4e+2HO=4OH,Fe?+4ᓄ?#@A4B4ᓄ>4ᓄ#ᨬDEᡂFe2O3x%O,14.0gFeḄᱥGḄH=^=0.25mol,ᵯ᩽*+56g/molIJḄᵯKᦪ0.25X2NA=0.5NA,AB.᪗NO1L2LSO2ḄᱥGḄH0.5moL)ᡂH2sO3,H2sO3()PQᵯR:HSO#HSO+H\233HSO3-=SO3"+H+,᪷TGHUឤWXYZ[\KḄᦪ]^0.5NA,B┯`C.abO().5LpH=14ḄBa(OH)2Yc(OH-)=lmoIL-i,OH-ᦪ]0.5LxlmolL“=0.5NA,ᵫBa(OH”ḄᓄefgBa?+Ḅᦪ]0.25NA,C┯`D.ᓄefC2H6஺Ḅᨵiᱥj⏣(CzHsOH)ᡈᵬn(CH30cH3),j⏣(C2H5OH)ᑖKYᨵ5pC-Hqᵬn(CH30cH3)ᑖKYᨵ6pC-HqC2H6஺Ḅrsᨵiᱥ4.6gḄᱥGḄHO.lmoLZC-Hqᦪ]tuW0.5NA,D┯`஺/ᫀ⌱A஺wஹx⌱y⚪(ᐳ84ᑖ)23ஹ~ᵯNa^C1
"2C12+2Ca(OH)2=CaCh+Ca(ClO)+2H2O2CT+2H2Oᵯ20H-+H2T+Cl2T2

19ᔆI(ᵨ᫑⊤)ᵨᯚ⁐*+Na+,ᵨ⏚⏚ClNfnCh7HCl=^=NlhCh-2H2O-ChTூ᪆௃XRKᓄᔠᱥᰚX᧕ᑣNaClஹMgChoXMgCL,ᵯᐸ)ᡂMg(OH)2ஹH2ஹCh,ᵯᐸᰚ)ᡂMgஹH»ᑣBCL,AMg,Mg)ᡂMg(OH)22◤⌕<*+Mg4ᓄ°

20QH50HcAACH'CHO®Na°HJ>CHCH=CHCHO¯ᓄ°”XZ^CH2cH2cH20Hூ᪆௃CH3BஹCஹDE+²³´µ¶ª
ᑣ$᪀TEJᨵ·L
GḄ$᪀,E¸ឋᩩº»¼ஹ⏚ᓄᑮG,CHCH-COOHrOHᑣFk3,£9,¦§DEḄᑖ*s
DT-CHO¿ᓄ-COOH³ᡂE,ᑣD6H,-CH-C00Na0H,-CH-COOHOHBr§CH.CHO,᪷gDTÀÁLḄpq$ᔠAḄᑖ*ÂÃÄAÅCYyCIWAÆÇSᑡÉᓄ³ᡂB஺CH.-CH-CHOCH,RrCH)B²³Ê˶ª³ᡂC,
BHBr²³9ᡂ¶ª³ᡂD,ᵫGḄ$᪀r¶ªᩩºHḄᑖ*H0CHQKJHrCH^—C'cH-CHQ-CH/ᵫIḄÌᡂs
GQÇÍ檳ᡂ5ÎᱥLᦑIᔆ'0-fo-CH-C^-,gÑd஺CHF^-CH3ூ௃(1)᪷g0Òᑖ᪆
AḄ$᪀Ó(2)᪷g0Òᑖ᪆tDÔ¶ª¯ᓄᓄ¶ª
Õ2“,cÖ'I5:OH+O2×2“c--CHO+2H1O4(3)᪷g0Òᑖ᪆
জḄ¶ªG#9ᡂ¶ª4(4)E¸ឋᩩº»¼ᑮF,ᑣঞḄÚᑺBᩩºᓄܼ^_94

21o(5)᪷Táâᑖ᪆IḄã᪀åfu?CH2^O-CH3জ()è*+ã᪀YZᨵ·L4ঝ()*+ã᪀YZᨵZᨵêëঞíîáu¯ïðᱥᨵusíîáᨵ4pïðëñᐹᨵuWóôឋটöët<íî÷ø¦ùᑣã᪀Yúᨵûöëãᔠáâᑖ᪆GḄ§ᑖü᪀ýã᪀åfHQÝ-CHjÞ4IICHjOHᡈCHjOH(6)j⏣þᧇᔠᡂᨵᓄᧇ1-⏣Ḅ᪷⚪ᵨῃ!ᱥ#Ḅ$%&'()*+,ᓄ-ᓫ%&/'0⏣1ᓄ2ᓄ3ᑮ056ᑖ᪆ᐸᔠᡂ:ᑣ<ᔠᡂ:=-:C,H50H>CHCHO®Na°H/A>CHஹCH=CHCHO-“ᡊ>CH3cH,CH,CH,OH஺ூBC௃⌮ᔠᡂFḄGᵨHHIJKᨵᔠᡂ⚪ḄL⌕NFO⚪PGḄQ᪀ᑖ᪆()ᑖSTḄUVWᩩYZᑖ᪆ᨵᱥ[Ḅ,ᓄᐵ]^O_⚪`◤bc⚪#deḄ᝞&ḄῃgHHIJ⚪Ḅᐵ%஺25ஹh⏚j&᧕lmopq0⏒ᩰ⏚tq᧕ᑖJa■v0⏒ᩰ⏚Qᨔ᪆eABC84.3%ூJ᪆௃h⏚⏍&ᩰ⏚yᔠᯠ{ᔣyᔠ}~#pᐭ⏚᤯ᒴ{pq85࠷,ᯠ{ᓾஹ)ஹ3ᑮ!^(1)ã⏚ä&᧕lmmᡂ0⏚^(2)ᔠᡂᓛ᪍⌕ᑴᙠ85࠷90࠷,<ḄB^(3)ᔣ!#pᐭ0⏚0ᜧ0⏒ᩰ⏚Ḅ}Jឋᯠ{pqq)ᯠ{ᓾஹ)ஹஹ¡3ᑮ0⏒ᩰ⏚জ0⏒ᩰ⏚tq᧕ᑖJ^ঝ¤¥ᵨ⌮NF^ঞ0⏒ᩰ⏚ᙠ᧕Qᨔ᪆e^

22§¨©ªᑖ«¬ᩰ⏚0⏒ᩰ⏚ᙳ¯ᨵ°'±ᙠ#²³§´ᵨµ⁐·¸}~ᑨº!#Iᔲ¯ᨵ¼½Ḅᩰ⏚^(4)ᩰ⏚Ḅ¾¿ᑖSÀÁ-138,n(ᩰ⏚)=2.0g-rl38g/mol=0.0145mol,n(0⏚Ä)=(5.0mLxl.08g/cm3)X02g/mol=0.()529mol,ᵫ0⏚jḄᱥÀḄÁᜧᩰ⏚ᡠ3ᑮḄ0⏒ᩰ⏚<ᢥ᯿ᩰ⏚ᩭËÌᦑᳮÏ63ᑮ0⏒ᩰ⏚ḄÀÁ-0.0145molxl80g/mol=2.61g,!᳛=▭ÀÁᳮÏÀÁX100%.ூÒJ௃h⏚Ä&ᩰ⏚yᔠᯠ{ᔣyᔠ}~#pᐭ⏚᤯ᒴ{pq85࠷,ᯠ{ᓾஹ)ஹ3ᑮ!^(1)h⏚Ä&᧕lmmᡂ0⏚mᡂḄ0⏚ᢓᑴᩰ⏚&0⏚Ôᡠ◤⌕¡Õᘤᦑ×ᫀ-Ùh⏚Ä&᧕lm^ফᔠᡂᓛ᪍⌕ᑴᙠ85࠷~90࠷,<ḄBᡠᔠ〉ḄpqNFIopqᦑ×ᫀ-Ùopq^(3)জ0⏒ᩰ⏚tq᧕ᑖJᑖJ-128࠷~135࠷,ÜᵨËḄÝḄIᑴpqḄ■v0⏒ᩰ⏚tq᧕ᑖJᦑ×ᫀ-Ù0⏒ᩰ⏚tq᧕ᑖJ^ঝ¥Þ⌮ᳮ(ᐭ¤ᐙà¤áᐙᑖ¤¤Paâ©Pbâeᦑ×ᫀ-Ùa
ঞq)■v0⏒ᩰ⏚Qᨔ᪆eãäᜫᦑ×ᫀ-Ù■v0⏒ᩰ⏚Qᨔ᪆e^ট0⏚0ç}ᑺéᵨq)◀ëᩰ⏚ìᓾQᨔ᪆e0⏒ᩰ⏚íî0⏒ᩰ⏚ᙠ0⏚0#Ḅ}JVïᑭᵨᩰ⏚ஹ0⏒ᩰ⏚ᙠ0⏚0#}J§¨ñªᑖ«¬gòᑖ«¬NF-óQᨔᵫᩰ⏚0⏒ᩰ⏚ᙳ¯ᨵV'±ᙠ#²³§´ᵨµ⁐·¸}~ᑨº!#Iᔲ¯ᨵ¼½Ḅᩰ⏚ᦑ⌱ÙABC
(4)ᩰ⏚Ḅ¾¿ᑖSÀÁ-138,n(ᩰ⏚)=2.0g+138g/moI=0.0145moLn(0⏚Sf)=(5.0mLxl.08g/cm3)-rl02g/mol=0.0529mol,ᵫ0⏚ÄḄᱥÀḄÁᜧᩰ⏚ᡠ3ᑮḄ0⏒ᩰ⏚<ᢥ᯿ᩰ⏚ᩭËÌᦑᳮÏ63ᑮ0⏒ᩰ⏚ḄÀÁ-0.0145molxl80g/mol=2.61g,!᳛=▭ÀÁᳮÏÀÁx10()%=2.2g2.6IgxlOO%=84.3%,ᦑ×ᫀ-Ù84.3%.

2326ஹpõö÷©Na2cChJᨵᑭ◀ëøùFe+2Fe3+=3Fe2+ᑖ~úᧅÙNüNᵨãÁýþÿ
ᑁ⍝2~3ᐭᑮ┵ZsxlOO%জটঠডaMnO+5Fe2++8H+=5Fe3++Mn2++4H2OxlOO%ᑖFe?+ᓄ!"ᐭ42X233mKSCN#$⁐ூ
᪆௃&'(ᵨ*ḄNa2c03◀-⊤☢Ḅ012"34⏚6Fe7H2s0489:;4⏚<'"4⏚=ᨔ?ᐳA6BCDEFGஹ
ᓾᨔ?ஹCJஹஹKLMᑮNOPFAS,QRᑖ᪆6T஺ூ
௃I.(1)VWজYᵨZ⏚[◀-&'(⊤☢Ḅ01\PY]^_⏚P`6ab^ឋᵫPḄ`689Yᔾ*89"*fghPḄ`6a^ឋi]jkf"l01Ḅ◀-m᳛oফ<'qr᧕ᓄ'tuᓄ;ᡂḄFe3+,89ḄqrwxyzFe+2Fe3+=3Fe2+
(3)᪷|}~fᘤXḄzᑖᧅoNurᨬ᜜ᨵ5ᵯrNurᐳᵨ3ᵯrᡂN2,aNurᑮᨬ᜜8ᵯrḄ᪀ᦑN2ḄᵯryzN”N;(4)DḄᨵ`DaḄ`ᶇᙠ
z¡¢£¤ᵨD¥`¦
ᑁ⍝2~3ᐭᑮ┵Zo᪷|89wxy2NH3+H2so4=(NH4)2S()4,2NaOH+H2SO=NaSO4+2HO,fMᱥ¨Ḅᱥ¨Ḅᐵªz422n(NH3)+n(NaOH)=2n(H2so•»),n(H2SO4)=bxlO'3Lxcimol/L=bcixlO'3mol,n(NaOH)=cmol/Lxdx103L=cdx103mol,ᡠQn(NH)=2n(HSO4)-n(NaOH)=2bcixl0-3inol-2232cdx10-3mol=(2bci-dC2)x10-3mol
᪷|Nᐗ®ឤf\᥅OPᨵḄNEU+Ḅᱥ¨Ḅz2n(NH4+)=(2bci-dC2)xlO-3mol,ᦑNH4+¨²ᑖz³³´,xlOO%
m(¶·J.cc,(2bcl-dc21xio3Xia=--------x100%=-------------------m(¸)a(5)ᵨ0.01000mol/LḄ⏚ឋKMnO,ºḄFe”,⏚ឋKMnO,»¼ᙠ⏚yº»¼◤⌕aᵨট┵º◤⌕Àᵨᑮঠ'ÂÃÄড'ᜳ஺ᦑºCx◤ᵨᑮḄᘤYজটঠডoKMnChFe2+ᓄzFe3+,KMnChtuzMi?+,AÇ:;È`᪷|ᵯr®ឤஹᵯ₹®ឤÄur®ឤfMº89ḄqrwxyzMnO+5Fe2++8H+=5Fe3++Mn2++4HO
42য᪷|ᐗ®ឤfM(NH4)2Fe(SC>4)2,6H2O2s(V-2BaSO4,n(BaSO)=mol,ᑣn[(NH4)2Fe(SO4)26H2O]=n(BaSC>4)=xmol=mol,Ì500mLᨵḄ4ngn1inn233g/mol233222332X233

24(NH4)2Fe(SO»6H2OḄᱥ¨Ḅzmolx,ᑣmg᪵ÏFASḄ¨²ᑖz.5002X23320ᓃ,5ÑÒ³ccX100%=50CX100%m2X233m(7)Ô¡¢ÕÖ×ØᓾEÙᵬwᫀḄܸYÝwᫀᐸfßḄujYFe2+àḄᑖᓄáâãᓫḄᓄå¡¢¢æçèéḄ¡¢CxzFAS"ᐭKSCNê#z$⁐ëìFe2+Ôàᑖᓄ஺ூîï௃ñ⚪ὃôᱥ¨ᑴᜓ¡¢wᫀḄáâḄ÷øÄᱥ¨Ḅùᓄ◀ᩖஹᱥ¨ᵯryḄûᑏஹº¡¢CxᘤḄaᵨஹᑖ᪆9ᵨஹᓄtu89wxyḄûᑏ7âýஹᱥ¨Ḅ7âýþ\⚪ÿᔠឋ⌕ᔠ⚪ᱯᱥḄឋᑖ᪆⚪஺27ஹᑴ#$%&'(ᡈ*+,-)/■12345ᰦ789:2KC1O3+H2c2஺460;K2cO3+CO2T+2cO2T+H2Oᵨ9=>ᔾᦈABḄCDᓄFGH/#┵JKᑁ᜜NOPQᐭ(ᨬT)UQ᪗WXYZXᵫ\⁐ា_`ab⁐cdᑖeᑁfg⁐hiQjkl1.35cVxlO-2gm3mnூp᪆௃(1)CDᓄF(CKh)raire,ᵨF⏚tuvw₝⏚ᙠ60CY$%z'ᡂCDᓄFᱥA|}~ᑴ◤C1O223z45ᰦ7ᐸ⌕ᢝ60-80©C1O2Ḅrnᵨ89z#C1O2aXH(2)KCKh₝⏚&'Dᓄ$%'ᡂC1O2ஹK2c03ஹCO2H20,᪷ᜫᵯឤஹឤᑏবᵨ9=>ᔾᦈABḄCDᓄFGH/#┵JKᑁ᜜NO(4)ZXᵫ\⁐ា_`ab⁐cdᑖeᑁfg⁐hiQjkl(5)᪷ᐵ2a5LlONa2s2஺3n(ClO),=᪷m=nMm(ClCh);2য᪷ᐵ2CIO2512lONa2s2O3ᑨ¡¢£¤#Na2s2O3m¥ᑣCKhmn¢£¤#Na2s2O3mᜧᑣCKhm3஺ூ¨p௃(1)CDᓄF(C1O2)ra11࠷,ᵨF⏚tuvw₝⏚ᙠ60࠷Y$%z'ᡂCDᓄFᱥA|}~ᑴᡠA%ªḄ«ᴻᘤ¯CKhᰚa-59C,ra11.0࠷,23z45ᰦ7ᐸ⌕ᢝ6()-80࠷ᑴḄḄ¯#$%&'(ᡈ*+,-)/■12345ᰦ7C1O2Ḅr±ILO'C,rnᵨ89z#CKhaXHᦈ²ᙠ³´ᡈ+µCDᓄFaG᝱B#ᵨ89:,-·ᜐᳮ

25(2)KCKh₝⏚&'Dᓄ$%'ᡂC1O2ஹK2co3ஹCO2H2O,᪷ᜫᵯឤஹឤᑏ2KCIO3+H2c2cO3+CO2T+2CIO2T+H2O;ব«ᴻXº´Ḅ¤ᵨ¯ᵨ9=>ᔾᦈABḄCDᓄFGH/#┵JKᑁ᜜NO(4)PQᐭ(ᨬT)UQ᪗WXYZXᵫ\⁐ា_`ab⁐cdᑖeᑁfg⁐hiQjkl(5)VmLNa2s2O3ZX»ᨵNa2s2O3ᱥḄ½n(Na2s2()3)=V10,Lxmol/L=c»V*lO3mol.ᑣ±C᪷ᐵ±2C1O25LlONa2s2O3,210n(ClO2)c*V»10'3molᡠn(ClO2)=
n(Na2s2஺3)=|x.yiO3mol,ᡠm(ClO)=n(CIO)M=1x.V»103molx67.5g/mol=1.35cVx102g
c22c(6)জ¢ᙠ¿ᑴNa2s2O3᪗WZXYÀÁḄZXᨵ¥½ÂÃ#᪗WZXḄÄÅÆÇὑḄHÉÊᜧᑣËjÌCIO2Ḅ»½m3ঝ¢ᙠQjlÎÏQj´ÐYÑÒ᪗WXX☢ÎÏḄHÉÔÕ▭HÉmÆ×ØËjÌC1O2Ḅ»½mn஺ூÙ௃Ú⚪FᐸᓄᔠᱥḄឋaÛÜὃÞßᱥ»½ḄàáឋÕâãᓄäÕâåÚ£¤ஹQjlḄᑨ¡æஹDᓄ$%ᙠQjḄ%ᵨçèé⚪Ḅêëìí%ᵨapîḄᐵï⚪஺28ஹ2Na2S2O+O2+2HO===4NaHSO3NaHSChðDᓄaNaHSCU#ZX⏚ឋÊÏ¥½ñHZòó½ôõ42⏚ᔣ÷øùXQBaCLZX¢ᨵú⁐ûüᑣýᱥ»Na2sChþNODᓄaNO2-NOy2s஺32+2Ce2++2HOJllLS2O42+2Ce4++4OH-ᔣᐭḄᓄ᪆ᵨ⏣,2!"#!"ூ%᪆௃(1)জNa2s2஺4'ᙠ)᧕+,ᓄ-ᡂ/0⏚2ᑣ஺4&67-89Ḅᓄ:;<=>?2Na2s2O4+O2+2HO=4NaHSO;23ঝt2t36'ḄpH@AḄBCDNaHSCh+,ᓄ>NaHSChE'⏚ឋGHI(2)JKLᱥDᔲOᨵNazSOa,QK;RDST'UV⏚ᔣWXYZBaCL'[ᨵ\⁐^_ᑣLᱥONa2so—(3)ᵫbcd)ᑴᜓNa2s2O4ḄgNth-NOr
ঝlinᵯ%ᩩrs/0⏚᪷uvwCe2+7-89-ᡂCe4+0⏚᪷uv7-89Ḅuv;<=>?2SO3"+2Ce2++2H,Oyᵯ+Ce4++4OH-
2

26(4)ᵫW|QK}~ᑮNa2sz()4(s)ḄQK;ᫀDSḄNa2s2O42,ᓄ'ᔣᐭḄᓄ᪆ᵨ⏣!"#!"஺O29ஹ3d54sl+6>2CrCI+H500<^2CrClj+2HCIuv32Cr4H=ᡈCrH)2122x(4.376x10-8)3ூ
᪆௃(1)᪷᝱Bv᪶᜜ᵯv᣸ᑏᵯv᣸=I᪷XᵯvᐗḄᨬ᝱IᵯvᜐᡈᐰᵯuᜧI(2)CrCbᙠOHC1ḄH2)g+¡Bᑏ;<=IuvᨔḄᰚ¤ICMCOCTᵬḄ¦Bv>sp3ᩖᓄ¨©¦Bv>sp2ᩖᓄI(3)CrO3ªᐗ>+6ᑣ«ᙠ2©,᪷¬᪀=I(4)ᙳ¯Rᓄ:=஺©ᨔ°Ḅ±²ᙠ³´ᨔ°µ¶Iூ
௃(1)᝱BvḄᵯv᣸=>3dms1᪷XᵯvᐗḄᨬ᝱>+6஺᝱Cr+Ḅᵯv᣸=>3d5ஹ᝱Mn+Ḅ¤·᣸=>3d%si,ᦑᐗḄ¹ºᵯuᜧ═ᐗḄ¹ºᵯuI¼ᫀ?3d54sl+6>(2)CrCbᙠOHC1ḄH2)g+¡B89;<=>2CrCb+H2½gzCrCb+ZHCl
CrCbḄᰚ¤>uvᨔICH3COO-ᵬḄ¦Bv>sp3ᩖᓄ¨©¦Bv>sp2ᩖᓄI¼ᫀ?2CrCb+H2500¾2CrCh+2HCluvsp\sp*23*o(3)Cr(hªᐗ>+6ᑣ«ᙠ2©,᪷¬᪀=>Ocho¼ᫀ:ÀÀ(4)Á©ᨔ°ḄCrBvᦪ>8X1/8+6X1/2=4,HBvᦪ>12X1/4+1=4,ᦑᐸᓄ:=>Cr4H=ÄiÅÆᓄ>CrH,(52+l)x4ÇÈiÆᓄ>Cr2H2)஺©ᨔ°Ḅ±>--------g,©ᨔ°Ḅ²>(4.376X10s)3cm\ᑣᨔḄµ¶>A

27212x(4.376x10å)34212dᫀ:Nx(4.376x10-8>