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压轴题12阅读理解CD篇+语法填空+读后续写（时间：60分钟满分：60分）第一节（共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分）A（2023·山东泰安·统考一模）Howcanpeoplespeaktheirmindwithoutsayinganything?Thisisaquestionthatscientistshaveaimedtoanswerforalongtime.Researchersrecentlybroughtanupgradeddevicethatcantranslateusers’brainwavesintodailyspeech.Previously,theteamledbyEdwardChangattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,developedanAl-basedsystemthatcanidentifyupto50commonlyusedwordsbasedontheparticipant’sbrainwaves.Theparticipantwasaparalyzed(瘫痪的)manwhohadbeenimplantedwith16electrodes(电极)underhisskull.AccordingtotheirpaperpublishedinNovember,theteamupgradedthesystemwhichcannowtranslatethoughtsintocompletesentencesonacomputerscreen.Theirtestsshowedthatthedevicecoulddecodesilentlyspokenlettersfroma1,152-wordvocabularyataspeedofabout29charactersperminute.Theaccuracywasupto94percent.“Itshowsstrongpromiseforrestoringcommunicationbytappingintothebrain’snaturalspeechmachinery,”Changsaidtotheuniversity’snewswebsite.However,thismethodcanstillbeproblematicsinceusersstillneedtoundergosurgery.ScientistsattheUniversityofTexas,US,havetriedtotranslatepeople’sthoughtswithouteventouchingtheirheads,reportedLiveScience.ThenewtechniqueiscalledfMRI,orfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging(功能性磁共振成像).It’sasaferwayof“reading”brainactivity.Activebraincellshavemoreoxygen.Bytrackingthesecells,scientistscantranslatebrainactivity.Theteamaskedparticipantstolistento16hoursofradioshowswhilescanningtheirbrains.Thentheyusedacomputeralgorithm(算法)tocreateastorybasedonthefMRIrecording.Itmatchedtheradioshowsprettywell.Also,thealgorithmcouldbasicallyexplainthestoryofasilentmoviethattheparticipantswatched.Theteamaimstodevelopthistechnologysothatitcanbeusedinbrain-computerinterfaces(脑机接口)designedforpeoplewhocannotspeakortype.1．WhatdoweknowaboutthedevicementionedinPara2?A．Itwasimplantedintoaman’sheart.学科网（北京）股份有限公司
1B．Itcanhelprestorepatients’lostmemory.C．Itwasdevelopedthroughcooperation.D．Itcanidentifyabout50rarelyusedwords.2．HowdoesfMRI“read”people’sminds?A．Bytrackingtheiractivebraincells.B．Byputtingelectrodesintotheirbrains.C．Byrecordingtheirreactiontoradioshows.D．Bymatchingtheirbrainactivitywiththeirhabits.3．WhyisfMRIchosencomparedtothefirstdevicementionedinthestory?A．It’scheaper.B．It’smoreaccurate.C．It’ssmallerinsize.D．It’ssafer.4．WhatcanbeconcludedaboutfMRIfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．Itcanonlyreadwhatparticipantshear.B．Itcanbeusedinbrain-computerinterfaces.C．Itcanreadeverydetailofparticipants’minds.D．Itcannotworkoutwhatpeopleimagineintheirheads.【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款基于人工智能系统的升级设备，研究人员用该设备可以将人类脑电波转换成日常语言。1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Previously,theteamledbyEdwardChangattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,developedanAl-basedsystemthatcanidentifyupto50commonlyusedwordsbasedontheparticipant’sbrainwaves.Theparticipantwasaparalyzed(瘫痪的)manwhohadbeenimplantedwith16electrodes(电极)underhisskull.(此前，加州大学旧金山分校的爱德华·张(EdwardChang)领导的团队开发了一种基于人工智能的系统，可以根据参与者的脑电波识别多达50个常用单词。参与者是一名瘫痪的男子，他的头骨下被植入了16个电极。)”可知，该设备是由EdwardChang领导的团队开发出来的，是通过合作发展起来的。故选C项。2．细节理解题。根据文章第六段“Activebraincellshavemoreoxygen.Bytrackingthesecells,scientistscantranslatebrainactivity.(活跃的脑细胞有更多的氧气。通过追踪这些细胞，科学家可以翻译大脑活动。)”可知，fMRI是通过追踪活跃的脑细胞去读懂人们的思想的。故选A项。3．细节理解题。根据文章第六段“ThenewtechniqueiscalledfMRI，orfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging.It’sasaferwayof“reading”brainactivity.(这项新技术被称为fMRI，或功能性磁共振成像。这是一种更安全的“阅读”大脑活动的方式。)”可知，该设备比之前的设备更加安全。故选D项。学科网（北京）股份有限公司
24．推理判断题。根据文章最后两段“Thentheyusedacomputeralgorithm(算法)tocreateastorybasedonthefMRIrecording.Itmatchedtheradioshowsprettywell.(然后他们使用计算机算法根据fMRI的记录创建了一个故事。它和参与者们听得广播节目很匹配。)”以及“Also,thealgorithmcouldbasicallyexplainthestoryofasilentmoviethattheparticipantswatched.(此外，该算法基本上可以解释参与者观看的无声电影的故事。)Theteamaimstodevelopthistechnologysothatitcanbeusedinbrain-computerinterfacesdesignedforpeoplewhocannotspeakortype.(该团队的目标是开发这项技术，以便将其用于为不能说话或打字的人设计的脑机接口。)”可知，它可以用于脑机接口。故选B项。B（2023·山东泰安·统考一模）Manypeoplethinkworkmeetingsareawasteoftime,andthatmightbebecausemostmeetingskeepemployeesfromworkingwell.Onesurveyof76companiesfoundthatproductivitywas71percenthigherwhenmeetingswerereducedby40percent.Unnecessarymeetingswaste$37billioninsalaryhoursayearintheU.S.alone.Manymeetingsoccurwithoutaspecificreason.AnothermotiveformeetingsiswhatsomescholarscalltheMereUrgencyeffect,inwhichweengageintasks—suchasameetingwhereeachpersonreciteswhatthey’reworkingon,whetherothersneedthatinformationornot—tohelpusfeellikeweareaccomplishingsomethingactual.Buttherealproblemwithmeetingsisnotlackofproductivity—it’sunhappiness.Whenmeetingsareawasteoftime,jobsatisfactiondeclines.Andwhenjobsatisfactiondeclines,happinessingeneralfalls.Thus,foralargepopulation,eliminatingmeetings—oratleastminimizingthem—isoneofthemoststraightforwardwaystoincreasewell-being.Nobodylikesexcessiveandunproductivemeetings.First,theygenerallyincreasefatigue.Youhaveprobablyexperiencedadayofmeetings,afterwhichyouareexhaustedandhaven’taccomplishedmuch.Second,peopletendtoengagein“surfaceacting”(fakingemotionsthataredeemedappropriate)duringworkmeetings.Finally,researchershavefoundthatthestrongestpredictorofmeetingeffectivenessisactiveinvolvementbytheparticipants.Ifyouareaskingyourself,“WhyamIhere?”youarenotlikelytothinkthatthemeetingisagooduseofyourtime—whichisobviouslybadforyourworksatisfaction.Takentogether,theresearchonmeetingsshowsthatifyouwanttobehappieratwork(orwantyouremployeestobehappier),youshouldfightagainstthetime-consuming,unproductivemeetingsateveryopportunity.Ifthereisoneruletorememberaboutworkmeetings,itmightbethattheyareanecessaryevil.Theyarenecessaryasorganizationsneedthemforpropercommunication,buttheyareevilinthattheyarenotirreplaceable,andshouldthusbeusedaslittleaspossibleforthesakeofproductivityandhappiness.学科网（北京）股份有限公司
35．WhydoestheauthormentionthesurveyinPara1?A．Toexplainthesurvey.B．Tointroducethetopic.C．Tostresstheimportanceofmeeting.D．Tostatethedisadvantageofmeeting.6．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“eliminating”underlinedinPara3?A．Reducing.B．Hosting.C．Increasing.D．Avoiding.7．WhatismainlytalkedaboutinPara4?A．Howtoincreasepeople’sjobsatisfaction.B．Theimportanceandnecessityofminimizingmeetings.C．Whyexcessiveandunproductivemeetingslowerjobsatisfaction.D．Activeinvolvementbytheparticipantsindicatesmeetingeffectiveness.8．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．Workmeetings—AnecessaryevilB．Workmeetings—Theless,thebetterC．Workmeetings—Themore,thebetterD．Workmeetings—Excessiveandunproductive【答案】5．B 6．D 7．C 8．B【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者认为很多工作会议是在浪费时间，影响工作效率。关于会议的研究表明，如果你想在工作中更快乐或想让你的员工更快乐，你应该利用一切机会反对耗时、低效的会议。5．推理判断题。根据第一段“Manypeoplethinkworkmeetingsareawasteoftime,andthatmightbebecausemostmeetingskeepemployeesfromworkingwell.Onesurveyof76companiesfoundthatproductivitywas71percenthigherwhenmeetingswerereducedby40percent.Unnecessarymeetingswaste$37billioninsalaryhoursayearintheU.S.alone.(许多人认为工作会议是浪费时间，这可能是因为大多数会议会影响员工的工作。一项对76家公司的调查发现，当会议减少40%时，工作效率会提高71%。仅在美国，不必要的会议每年就浪费370亿美元的付薪时间)”可推断，作者是用这个调查数据去引出并支持文章的主题句：Manypeoplethinkworkmeetingsareawasteoftime,andthatmightbebecausemostmeetingskeepemployeesfromworkingwell。故选B项。6．词句猜测题。根据划线词上一句“Whenmeetingsareawasteoftime,jobsatisfactiondeclines.Andwhenjobsatisfactiondeclines,happinessingeneralfalls.(当会议被视为浪费时间时，工作满意度就会下降。当工作满意度下降时，幸福感也普遍下降)”可知，浪费时间的工作会议会降低员工的工作满足感，从而又降低了幸福感，工作时心情不好，工作效率也会降低。结合下一句“...oratleastminimizingthem—isoneofthemoststraightforwardwaystoincreasewell-being.学科网（北京）股份有限公司
4(或者至少把会议减到最少——是提高幸福感最直接的方法之一)”。由此推断，“eliminating”应该是“取消，避免”，浪费时间没什么意义的工作会议就别开了，与“avoiding”意思相近。故选D项。7．主旨大意题。根据第四段首句“Nobodylikesexcessiveandunproductivemeetings.(没有人喜欢过多和没有成效的会议)”可知人们不喜欢过多的低效的会议，下文“First,theygenerallyincreasefatigue.Youhaveprobablyexperiencedadayofmeetings,afterwhichyouareexhaustedandhaven’taccomplishedmuch.Second,peopletendtoengagein“surfaceacting”(fakingemotionsthataredeemedappropriate)duringworkmeetings.Finally,researchershavefoundthatthestrongestpredictorofmeetingeffectivenessisactiveinvolvementbytheparticipants.(首先，它们通常会增加疲劳。你可能经历过一天的会议，会议结束后你筋疲力尽，没有完成多少。其次，人们在工作会议上倾向于“表面表现”(假装被认为合适的情绪)。最后，研究人员发现，会议有效性的最强预测因素是参与者的积极参与)”介绍了三个原因解释这样的会议会降低工作满足感，所以本段主要讲的是为什么过多和低效的会议会降低工作满意度。故选C项。8．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“Manypeoplethinkworkmeetingsareawasteoftime,andthatmightbebecausemostmeetingskeepemployeesfromworkingwell.(许多人认为工作会议是浪费时间，这可能是因为大多数会议会影响员工的工作)”及最后一段“Ifthereisoneruletorememberaboutworkmeetings,itmightbethattheyareanecessaryevil.Theyarenecessaryasorganizationsneedthemforpropercommunication,buttheyareevilinthattheyarenotirreplaceable,andshouldthusbeusedaslittleaspossibleforthesakeofproductivityandhappiness.(如果有一条关于工作会议的规则需要记住，那就是会议是必要之恶。它们是必要的，因为组织需要它们进行适当的沟通，但它们是邪恶的，因为它们不是不可替代的，因此为了生产力和幸福，应该尽可能少使用)”可知，作者认为很多工作会议是浪费时间，会降低工作效率，并建议越少越好。所以“Workmeetings—Theless,thebetter.(工作会议——越少越好)”是文章最佳标题。故选B项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）（2023春·四川成都·高三石室中学校考一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Withjustover600days___9___(go)untiltheopeningofthenextOlympicandParalympicGames,theofficialmascotsofParis2024—thePhryges—___10___(reveal)onNovember14th2022.Thetwomascotsshareamottoof“Alonewego___11___(fast),buttogetherwegofurther”,andtheOlympicPhrygeisdescribedas“atactician(谋士)withacalculating,mathematicalbrain”,whiletheParalympicPhrygeis“spontaneousandfullofenergyand___12___(enthusiastic)”.Themascots,___13___(base)onPhrygiancaps,areasymbolofrevolutionandfreedom.It’saniconseenovercenturies,___14___theNotreDameCathedraltotheEiffelTower.“TheyaremascotswhoembodytheFrenchspirit.Theyareidealsthatcarrythevaluesofourcountry,apartofourhistory___15___asingularpointofviewontheworld,”saidJulie学科网（北京）股份有限公司
5Matikhine,thebrandmanageroftheParis2024Games.BoththeOlympicPhrygeandParalympicPhrygeareonamissiontostartarevolutioninsport,showingtheworldthatsportcanchangeeverythingand___16___itdeserves___17___prominentplaceinoursociety.Theywillworkeverydaytopromotechangethroughsport,includinginourlives,health,andrelationshipswithothersandwithnature.Theyarealreadytraining____18____(tireless)tobringthegreatestnumberofpeoplepossiblealongwiththemontheGamesjourney.【答案】9．togo 10．wererevealed 11．faster 12．enthusiasm 13．based 14．from 15．and 16．that 17．a 18．tirelessly【导语】本文是一篇新闻稿。文章主要介绍了巴黎2024年奥运会和残奥会于2022年11月14日公布了“弗里热(ThePhryges)”作为官方吉祥物。9．考查非谓语动词。句意：2022年11月14日，距离下届奥运会和残奥会开幕只有600多天的时间，2024年巴黎奥运会的官方吉祥物“Phryges”揭晓。设空处为非谓语动词，和with构成复合结构，根据后文“2024”可知本空表示将来。故填togo。10．考查时态语态。句意：同上。根据后文“onNovember14th2022”可知用一般过去时态；表示“被揭示”用被动语态；主语mascots为复数，故填wererevealed。11．考查副词比较级。句意：两个吉祥物的格言都是“一个人走得更快，但是大家一起走得更远”，奥运会吉祥物被描述为“一个拥有精于计算和数学头脑的战术家”，而残奥会吉祥物则是“自发的，充满活力和热情”。根据后文“further”和句意可知用比较级。故填faster。12．考查名词。句意：同上。此处用enthusiastic的名词形式与energy并列作isfullof的宾语。故填enthusiasm。13．考查非谓语动词。句意：吉祥物以弗里吉亚帽子为原型，象征着革命和自由。设空处为非谓语动词，短语bebasedon意为“以……为根据”，因此此处用过去分词结构“basedon”作定语。故填based。14．考查介词。句意：从巴黎圣母院到埃菲尔铁塔，几个世纪以来，它都是一个标志性建筑。固定搭配“from...to...”，意为“从……到……”，符合句意。故填from。15．考查连词。句意：这些理想承载着我们国家的价值观，是我们历史的一部分，也是我们看待世界的独特视角，”巴黎2024年奥运会的品牌经理朱莉·马蒂凯因(Juliematikine)说。分析可知，thevaluesofourcountry,apartofourhistory和asingularpointofview为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。16．考查宾语从句。句意：奥运会和残奥会的使命都是开启一场体育革命，向世界展示体育可以改变一切，它应该在我们的社会中占有突出的地位。分析可知设空连接宾语从句，和前面的that从句为并列的宾语从句，第二个引导词that不能省略。故填that。17．考查冠词。句意：同上。此处泛指“一个重要的位置”且prominent以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。故填a。学科网（北京）股份有限公司
618．考查副词。句意：他们已经在不知疲倦地训练，以便在奥运之旅中为尽可能多的人提供服务。此处用副词tirelessly修饰谓语动词aretraining，表示“不知疲倦地”。故填tirelessly。第三节（共25分）19．（2023·湖北·华中师大一附中校考二模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。TheboysandgirlspickedupthebustoFortLauderdale.Vingowasonboardfromthebeginning.AsthebuspassedthroughJersey,theybegantonoticethatVingonevermoved.Hesatinfrontoftheyoungpeople,frozenintosilence.SomewhereoutsideofWashington,thebuspulledintoaHowardJohnson’s,andeverybodygotoffexceptVingo.Hesatrootedinhisseat,andtheyoungpeoplebegantowonderabouthim,tryingtoimaginehislife.Whentheywentbacktothebus,thegirlsatbesidehimandintroducedherself.“Wantsomewine?”shesaid.Hesmiledandtookthebottle.Hethankedherandretreatedagainintosilence.Afterawhile,shewentbacktotheothers,asVingonoddedintosleep.InthemorningtheyawokeoutsideanotherHowardJohnson’s,andthistimeVingowentin.Thegirlinsistedthathejointhem.Whentheywentbackonthebus,thegirlsatwithVingoagain,afterawhile,slowlyandpainfullyandwithgreathesitation,hebegantotellhisstory.HehadbeeninjailinNewYorkforthelastfouryears,andnowhewasgoinghome.“WhenIwasinjailIwrotetomywife,”hesaid.“Itoldher,Iunderstandifyoucan’tstaymarriedtome,getanewguyandforgetaboutme.Andshedidn’twritetome.Notforthreeandahalfyears.”“Andyou’regoinghomenow,notknowing?”“Yeah,”hesaidshyly.“Lastweek,Iwroteher.Itoldherthatifshehadanewguy,Iunder-stood.Butifshedidn’t,ifshewouldtakemebacksheshouldletmeknow.WeusedtoliveinBrunswick,withagreatbigoaktree.Itoldherifshewouldtakemeback,sheshouldputayellowhandkerchiefonthetree,andIwouldgetoffandcomehome.Ifshedidn’twantme,forgetit,nohandkerchief,andI’dkeepgoingon.”“Wow,”thegirlsaid.“Wow.”Shetoldtheothers,andsoonallofthemwereinit,caughtupintheapproachofBrunswick,lookingatthepicturesVingoshowedthemofhiswifeandthreechildren.注意：1．续写词数应为150左右;2．请按如下格式作答。Paragraph1NowtheyweretwentymilesfromBrunswick.学科网（北京）股份有限公司
7_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2Thensuddenlyalloftheyoungpeoplewereupoutoftheirseats._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】NowtheyweretwentymilesfromBrunswick.Andtheyoungpeopletookoverwindowseatsontherightside,waitingfortheapproachofthegreatoaktree.Vingostoppedlooking,tighteninghisfaceintotheex-con’smask,asiffortifyinghimselfagainststillanotherdisappointment.Thenitwastenmiles,andthenfive.Thebusacquiredadarkhushedmood,fullofsilence,ofabsence,oflostyears,ofthewoman’splainface,ofthesuddenletteronthebreakfasttable,ofthewonderofchildren,oftheironbarsofsolitude.Thensuddenlyalloftheyoungpeoplewereupoutoftheirseats.Theywerescreamingandshoutingandcrying,doingsmalldances,shakingclenchedfistsintriumphandexaltation.AllexceptVingo.Vingosattherestunned,lookingattheoaktree.Itwascoveredwithyellowhandkerchiefstwentyofthem,thirtyofthem,maybehundreds,atreethatstoodlikeabannerofwelcomeblowingandbillowinginthewind,turnedintoagorgeousyellowblurbythepassingbus.Astheyoungpeopleshouted,theoldconslowlyrosefromhisseat,holdinghimselftightly,andmadehiswaytothefrontofthebustogohome.【导语】本文故事情节的发展为线索展开，讲述了刚刚在纽约监狱出来的Vingo与一群前往劳德代尔堡的孩子们在一辆公共汽车上，他的始终沉默引起了年轻人们的注意，他向年轻人们讲述了与妻子的约定，现在一直期待着见到约定好的在大橡树上挂着的黄色手帕，离目的地越近，Vingo越是紧张，年轻人们也跟他一起期待着这一刻的到来。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“现在他们离不伦瑞克二十英里。”可知，第一段可描写年轻人们以及Vingo在接近目的地时的心理状态以及车上气氛。②由第二段首句内容“突然间，所有的年轻人都从座位上站了起来。”可知，第二段可描写年轻人们都站起来的原因以及接下来所看到的一切以及Vingo的喜悦之情。2.续写线索：接近目的地——汽车上的气氛——全体起立——黄手帕出现——Vingo激动的表现学科网（北京）股份有限公司
83.词汇激活行为类①.加强：fortify/strengthen/enhance②.坐着：sit/beseated③.回家：gohome/returnhome情绪类①.紧张：tightenone’sface/stressedout/nervous②.惊讶：stunned/surprised/shocked【点睛】[高分句型1].Andtheyoungpeopletookoverwindowseatsontherightside,waitingfortheapproachofthegreatoaktree.（运用了现在分词作状语）[高分句型2].Vingostoppedlooking,tighteninghisfaceintotheex-con’smask,asiffortifyinghimselfagainststillanotherdisappointment.（运用了状语从句的省略）[高分句型3].Thebusacquiredadarkhushedmood,fullofsilence,ofabsence,oflostyears,ofthewoman’splainface,ofthesuddenletteronthebreakfasttable,ofthewonderofchildren,oftheironbarsofsolitude.（运用了形容词短语作状语）学科网（北京）股份有限公司
9学科网（北京）股份有限公司
