上海市奉贤中学2020-2021学年高二上学期期末英语Word版含解析

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奉贤中学2020-2021学年高二第一学期期末教学评估英语试卷I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard1.A.Usealaddertohelpherreachthecup.B.Seeadoctorabouthershoulder.C.Putthecuponalowershelf.D.Buyanewcupboard.2.A.HehasalreadycalledHarry.B.Harryknowsmostofthefacts.C.HeneedstotalktoHarrysoon.D.Harrydoesn'thaveatelephone.3.A.Thenewdoctorlacksexperience.B.Shedisagreeswithwhatthemansaid.C.Themanhadbettertalkwiththepatientsfirst.D.Patientsusuallycannotofferafairevaluation.4.A.Takethemantothestation.B.Lookaftertheman'sthings.C.Findoutwhenthenextbusleaves.D.Showthemanthewaytothestation.5.A.Hewasgoodatfixingupbookshelves.B.HehelpedJamesbuildupthefurniture.C.Jameshelpedhimarrangethefurniture.D.Jameshelpedhimwithsomeoftheword6.A.It'sdifficulttotakephotographsindoor.B.Thephotoalbumisinthelivingroom.C.Maryhaslostthephotoalbum.D.Maryisagoodphotographer.7.A.Thejob'sshorthoursmakeitimpossibleforhertorefuse.B.Thejobisturningintoanexcellentopportunityforher.C.She'slookingforwardtomeetinghernewcolleagues.D.Sherefusedthepositionbecauseofthelowsalary.8.A.Hehadtodowhatisnecessaryinordertolearn.B.Hedoesn'thavetomemorizeallthevocabulary.C.Heknowsthewholevocabularylistalready.

1D.Hecannotlearnmuchbyjustmemorizing.9.A.It'snottheonehelikes.B.Heneedsasmallershirt.C.Itdoesn'tfithimverywell.D.Hehasn'thadtimetotryitonyet.10.A.Thelineforconcertticketsistoobusy.B.He'stoobusytogototheconcert.C.Carlknowstheconcertisateight.D.Hehasn'tbeenabletoreachCarl.SectionB:Passages15%DirectionsInSectionB，youwillheartwoshortpassages,andonelongerconversationandyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandthelongerconversation,Thepassagesandthelongerconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion，readthefourpossibleanswersonyoupaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13rebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Inthe19thcentury.B.Inabout1800s.C.Inthe18thcenturyD.inabout2400BC.12.A.Thelanguageused.B.Thetargetedreaders.C.Thereputation.D.Thelength.13.A.Theevolutionofself-studybooks.B.Theimportanceofself-studybooks.C.Thedifferenceamongself-studybook.D.Thefamouswritersofself-studybook.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.ThereasonswhyrailroadregulationsintheU.S.Awerechanged.B.ThesafetyrecordoftherailroadindustryintheU.S.A.C.ThefinancingofrailroadconstructionintheU.S.A.D.TheevolutionoftherailroadindustryintheU.S.A.15.A.Safetyproblemswithrailroadtracks.B.Thegrowthoftheautomotiveindustry.C.Thuseofoversizedfreightcontainers.D.Thehighcostofmeetingvariousregulations.16.A.Itcauseslessairpollutionthanothermeansoftransport.B.Itscompetitorsarelessconsiderateofcustomers.

2C.Itcreatesgreatpersonalfortunesforinvestors.D.Itsbusinessiskeptinatraditionalway.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowinglongerconversation.17.A.Toearmoneyforhertuition.B.Tomakeherdreamcometrue.C.Tomakepreparationsforherfuturejob.D.Toensurethatshehastimeforactingwork.18.A.Serious.B.Funny.C.Experienced.D.Demanding.19.A.Itinvolvesmanytheories.B.Hemustgetanadvancedcamera.C.Hehasn'tlearnedphysicsbefore.D.Itoccupiesmuchofhissparetime.20.A.HeismorewillingtodosomethingB.HehasstoppedworkinglateC.Hecangotosleepearly.D.Hefeelsmorerelaxed.II.GrammarandVocabulary(20分,各1分)SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Sneakers(运动鞋)MadefromOldChewingGumDutchfashionandshoelabelExplicitWearishopingtosolveoneoflife’sstickysituations—theannoyanceofsteppinginwastechewinggumonthepavement—whilehelpingtokeepAmsterdam’scitystreetsclean.ThebrandhaspartneredwithlocalmarketingorganizationIamsterdamandsustainabilityfirmGumdrop___1___(create)alimitededitionsneakerforadultsmadefromrecycledgumcollectedfromthecity’spavements.Chewinggumcausesanincrediblyseriousecologicalproblem,____2____itismadefromplasticsthatdonotbiodegrade(生物降解).It’salsothesecond___3___(common)formofroadsidelitter,aftercigaretteends.Anincredible3.3millionpoundsofgumareincorrectlythrownawayonthesidewalkseachyear,___4___(cost)thecitymillionsofdollarstocleanup.GumdropplanstocollectwastegumfromthestreetsofAmsterdam,cleanthem,andturnthemintoGum-Tec,thematerialthatformsthebaseoftheshoe.Thewastegumwillbeputtogoodusetomakestylishkicks,____5____willalsoraiseawarenessfortheanti-litteringcause.____6____(price)ataround$332,theshoeswillcomeintothemarketsometimenextmonth.Availableforpreordernow,thenewGumshoesneakers—offeredinbothabubblegumpinkandablack/redcolorway—___7___(feature)long-lastingrubberoutsoles(鞋子外底)shapedfromrecyclablecompounds

3producedbyGumdrop,20percentofwhicharemadefromgum.Nearly2.2poundsofgum___8___(use)ineveryfourpairsofshoes.AmapofAmsterdamismadeintothebottomofthesolestoremindpeopleofthelitteringproblem.Evenbetter,thesneakersactuallystillsmelllikebubblegum,___9___theannoyingstickiness.Justasgoodasanysneakerwitharubbersole,theGumshoeshelpgetchewinggumoffourstreetsandkeepthedangerouslynon-biodegradablesubstanceoutofoureco-system.Tohelpspreadtheirsustainabilitymessage,___10___Gumshoe’screatorsarehopingtodoistoexpandtheirprojecttoothermajorcitiesaroundtheworld.【答案】1.tocreate2.because/as/since3.mostcommon/commonest4.costing5.which6.Priced7.feature8.isused9.without10.what【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了阿姆斯特丹的步履品牌ExplicitWear与当地的营销组织Iamsterdam和环保公司Gumdrop合作，设计了一款用口香糖制作而成的运动鞋。【1题详解】考查不定式。句意：该品牌已经与当地的营销组织Iamsterdam和环保公司Gumdrop合作，为成年人制作一款限量版的运动鞋，它由从城市人行道上收集的回收口香糖制成。分析句子结构并结合句意可知此处表示目的，用不定式作目的状语，故填tocreate。【2题详解】考查连词。句意：口香糖造成了一个极其严重的生态问题，因为它是由不能生物降解的塑料制成的。分析句子结构可知此处需要填连词，根据句意可知前后是因果关系，此处表示原因，故填because/as/since。【3题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：它也是第二常见的路边垃圾，仅次于烟头。根据句意可知此处表示“最常见的”，应该用形容词最高级，common的最高级有两种形式：mostcommon或commonest，故填mostcommon/commonest。【4题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：令人难以置信的是，每年有330万磅的口香糖被扔在人行道上，城市需要花费数百万美元来清理它。此处表示一种自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，故填costing。

4【5题详解】考查非限定性定语从句。句意：废弃的口香糖将会被很好地利用来制作时尚的鞋子，这也将提高公众禁止乱扔垃圾的意识。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代整个主句内容并在从句中作主语，故填which。【6题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这款鞋的售价约为332美元，将于下个月上市。price作动词时表示“给……定价”，分析句子结构可知此处使用非谓语动词，shoes与price之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作状语，故填Priced。【7题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：新款口香糖运动鞋现已接受预订，有泡泡糖粉和红配黑两种配色，其特点是持久耐用的橡胶外底，它由Gumdrop公司生产的可回收化合物制成，其中20%的成分来自口香糖。此处在句中作谓语，陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是sneakers，谓语动词用复数，故填feature。【8题详解】考查时态。句意：每四双鞋使用将近2.2磅的口香糖。gum与use之间是被动关系，且陈述的是客观事实，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为gum，谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填isused。【9题详解】考查介词。句意：更妙的是，这双运动鞋闻起来仍然像泡泡糖，但没有恼人的粘性（一点也不粘）。分析句子结构可知此处需要填介词，根据“theannoyingstickiness”可知此处表示“没有”，故填without。【10题详解】考查主语从句。句意：为了帮助宣传他们的可持续发展理念，这款鞋的创始人希望将他们的项目扩展到世界其他主要城市。此处为主语从句，从句中的do缺少宾语，故填what。SectionBDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.Inmostdemocraciestoday,peopleexpectwomentovote.Womenarejustasabletomakedecisionsabouttheir___11___leadersasmen.But200yearsago,mostpeopledidn'tthinkso.Aslateasthemiddleofthe19centuryonlymenvotedinmostWesterncountries.Afewcountriesorstatesletwomenvoteinlocalelections.Butwomenvotingwasfarfrom____12____.Atthattime,peoplebelievedthatwomenbelongedinthehome.Thatmeanttheyshouldnotgetinvolvedwithpubliclife.ButwomeninEurope,NorthAmericaandNewZealandbegan___13___thissituation.Theybelievedthattheyshouldhavea(n)___14___intheirgovernment'sleaders.In1792anEnglishnovelistnamedMary

5Wollstonecraft___15___thatwomenshouldbeabletovote,IntheUnitedStates,LucretiaMottandElizabethCadyStantonwereimportantfigures.Theymetwhilecampaigningtoputa(n)___16___toslavery.Intheprocess,theydecidedthatwomenalsoshouldhavemore___17___.Yetdespitethe___18___ofthesewomenneitherGreatBritainnortheUnitedStateswasthefirstcountrytoletwomenvote.ThathonorgoestoNewZealand,whichchangedtheirlawonSeptember19,1893.ThiswasbecauseofwomenlikeKateShepherd.Sheledagroupthatpresentedpetitions(请愿书)totheirparliamentthreeyearsinarow.ShepherdisnowhonoredonNewZealand'ss10bill.NewZealandwasfollowedbyAustraliain1902andFinlandin19zerosix.Bythistime,someU.S.statesandterritoriesallowedwomentovote.Butthecountryasawholedidn'tgivewomentherightuntilafterWorldWarI.Inmanycountries,therighttoholdpoliticalofficecamealongwiththerighttovote.Andwomenhave___19___thatright.Inmanycountries,womenhaveevenheldtheircountry'shighestoffice.Allofthatisduetotheeffortsofwomenwhofoughtfora(n)___20___voice【答案】11.D12.A13.F14.G15.I16.E17.K18.C19.H20.J【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了两年百年前，女性为争取自己的选举权所做的一系列努力和付出。【11题详解】根据上文peopleexpectwomentovote人们希望女人能够投票选举，女人可以像男人一样能够决定他们被选举的领导。故选D。【12题详解】根据后文“Atthattime,peoplebelievedthatwomenbelongedinthehome.”可知那时的人们认为女人就应该待在家里，故可知女性选举“还远远没有普及”。短语farfromcommon“没有普及”，故选A。【13题详解】根据上文ButwomeninEurope,NorthAmericaandNewZealandbegan…可知在欧洲、北美和新西兰的女性开始“反抗；抗议”这种局面，故选F。【14题详解】反抗的原因是他们认为他们在政府里应该有发言权。短语haveasay“有发言权”，故选G。【15题详解】

6句意：1792年，一位名叫玛丽·沃斯通克拉夫特的英国小说家主张妇女应该有选举权。本空应填动词，表示“主张；认为”，故选I。【16题详解】句意：他们在为废除奴隶制而进行的竞选活动中相遇。短语putanendto“结束；终止”，故选E。【17题详解】句意：在这个过程中，他们决定妇女也应该有更多的权利。本空缺少名词做宾语，且根据上下文应选K。【18题详解】句意：然而，尽管有这些妇女的努力，英国和美国都不是第一个允许妇女投票的国家。根据上下文可知，女性为取得选举权作出了很多“努力”，故选C。【19题详解】句意：在许多国家，担任政治职务的权利与投票权同时出现。女性已经行使了这一权利。本空缺少谓语动词，且与后文rights搭配，意思为“行使权利”，故选H。【20题详解】句意：所有这一切都归功于为争取平等发言权而奋斗的妇女们的努力。争取选举权的本质是女性为争取平等的发言权，故选形容词equal，选J。IIIReadingComprehension(15分，各1分）SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.IfyouliketotakeawalkinthewoodsintheUnitedStatesoryouprefertodecorateatreeatChristmas,youshouldknowthatclimatechangeismakingbothofthoseactivitiesalotmore_____21_____.Lookingattwo_____22_____andeconomicallyimportantspecies-theDouglasfirandthePonderosapine-scientistsfoundthatfiresanddrought______23______byclimatechangemakenewgrowthdifficult,especiallyinlow-elevationforests,accordingtoastudypublishedMondayintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.SomeforestsinfourregionsinCalifornia,Colorado,theNorthernRockiesandthesouthwesternpartoftheUnitedStateshavecrossed''a(n)_____24_____climatetipping(转折)pointforpost-firetreegeneration,''thestudysays.Climateconditionsoverthepast20yearshave______25______changesthatwouldhavetakendecadesorevencenturiesto_____26_____acrossbroadregionsofthecountry.Thisisleadingtothesudden______27______oftreesandmakingtheselandsincreasinglyunsuitablefortreeregeneration.

7''Climatechangesis______28______ourforestsnow,notjustinsomedistantfuture.Maybeinareaswheretherearereally______29______seedsources,therecouldbesometrees,butitisbecomingreallyhardtogetthesetreesbackduetoclimatechange,''saidstudyco-authorKimDavis.Theproblemprobablywon'tgetanybetter,asclimatechangeismakingintensewildfiresmuchmore_______30_______.Westernforesterssaythereusedtobeafireseason.Butdevastatingand______31______fireshavebecomearealityallyearlong.In2018,firecostCaliforniamorethan$9.05billion,accordingtotheUSAinsurancecommissioner,thedeadliestandmostdestructivewildfiresseasoninthe________32________history.Ahighernumberoffiresandlowseedavailabilitymeansahighprobabilitythatthesetreesintheseregionswon'tcomeback,Davissaid.Thisstudy_______33_______onthedriestandhottestareasoftheWesternforests,butresearcherswillnexttrytofocusonhowmuchwillbeimpacted.______34______,therearesomethingspeoplecandotoeasesomeofthisproblem.Forestmanagementplansthatreducehigh-severityburnscanhelp.Increasingly,forestmanagersareconsideringallowingsomefirestoburnundermoremoderateconditions,Davissaid,Forest_______35_______.21.A.convenientB.difficultC.encouragingD.frustrating22.A.ecologicallyB.apparentlyC.physicallyD.financially23.A.destroyedB.worsenedC.extendedD.established24.A.necessaryB.enormousC.criticalD.invisible25.A.acceleratedB.delayedC.eliminatedD.strengthened26.A.transformB.spreadC.preserveD.escape27.A.extinctionB.declineC.tragedyD.increase28.A.sustainingB.abandoningC.facilitatingD.endangering29.A.sufficientB.limitedC.moderateD.approximate30.A.occasionalB.commonC.essentialD.temporary31.A.astonishingB.hopelessC.costlyD.irreversible32.A.worldB.stateC.humanD.forest33.A.concentratedB.dependedC.insistedD.commented34.A.AsaresultB.ForexampleC.InfactD.What’smore35.A.saversB.managersC.researchersD.advocates【答案】21.B22.A23.B24.C25.A26.B27.B28.D29.A30.B31.C32.B33.A34.C35.B【解析】

8这是一篇说明文。文章主要陈述了气候变化使美国大部分地区的野火和干旱加剧，这使得森林的生长变得越来越困难，甚至危及到一些物种，同时也给政府带来了经济压力。但是专家指出人们也做一些事情来缓解这种情况。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你喜欢在美国的森林里散步，或者喜欢在圣诞节装饰一棵圣诞树，那么你应该知道气候变化正在让这两项活动变得更加困难。A.convenient便利的；B.difficult困难的；C.encouraging令人鼓舞的；D.frustrating令人沮丧的。根据下文的climatechangemakenewgrowthdifficult可知此处用“困难的”符合语境，difficult是原词复现，故选B项。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：科学家对在生态和经济上都很重要的两个物种的研究——花旗松和黄松，发现因为气候变化而加剧的火灾和干旱让新的生长很困难。A.ecologically生态上地；B.apparently明显地；C.physically身体地；D.financially经济上地。结合常识可知，这两种树具有生态和经济价值，故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.destroyed破坏；B.worsened使……加剧；C.extended延伸；D.established建立。根据byclimatechangemakenewgrowthdifficult,especiallyinlow-elevationforests可知，此处是指气候变化使火灾和干旱更严重了，故选B项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该研究说，对这四个地区——加州，科罗拉多州，落基山以北和美国的西南部的一些森林来说他们已经错过了火灾后树木产生的关键气候临界点。A.necessary必要的；B.enormous巨大的；C.critical关键的；D.invisible可见的。结合climatetipping(转折)pointforpost-firetreegeneration可知，此处是指一些森林已经错过了灾后恢复的关键时刻，故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去20年，气候情况已经加速了变化，这些变化本要花几十年，甚至几个世纪才会遍及这个国家的广大地区。A.accelerated加速；B.delayed推迟；C.eliminated排除；D.strengthened加强。根据下文的Thisisleadingtothesudden______7______oftreesandmakingtheselandsincreasinglyunsuitablefortreeregeneration.可知气候情况加速了变化，故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.transform改变；B.spread传播，遍及；C.preserve保护；D.escape逃避。根据上下文可知，此处是指气候变化导致森林生长速度缓慢的情况提前遍及美国大部分地区，故选B项。【27题详解】

9考查名词词义辨析。句意：这导致了树木的突然减少，使得这些土地越来越不适应树的再生。A.extinction灭绝；B.decline减少；C.tragedy悲剧；D.increase增加。根据上文的climatechangemakenewgrowthdifficult可知树木会减少，故选B项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：目前，气候变化正在危及我们的森林，而不仅仅是一些遥远的森林。A.sustaining维持；B.abandoning遗弃；C.facilitating促进；D.endangering危及。根据下文的butitisbecomingreallyhardtogetthesetreesbackduetoclimatechange可知，气候变化正危及森林，故选D项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：或许在一些真的有充足种子来源的地方，可能会有一些树，但由于气候变化，要想让这些树像过去那样真的很困难。A.sufficient充足的；B.limited有限的；C.moderate温和的；D.approximate大约的。即使种子充足的地方，树木也不会像以前那样种类繁多了，故选A项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个问题可能不会变好，因为气候变化正在使猛烈的野火变得更加常见。A.occasional临时的；B.common常见的；C.essential基本的；D.temporary暂时的。根据下文havebecomearealityallyearlong可知，此处是指气候变化让猛烈的大火发生地更频繁，即更常见，故选B项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但破坏性极大和代价极大的火灾终年都在发生已经成为一个事实。A.astonishing令人震惊的；B.hopeless没有希望的；C.costly代价高的；D.irreversible无法复原的。根据下文的In2018,firecostCaliforniamorethan$9.05billion可知此处用“代价高的”符合语境，cost和costly是同根词，故选C项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：据美国保险委员说，在2018年，火灾花费了加州超过90亿美元，是该州历史上最致命的以及破坏性最大的野火季。A.world世界；B.state州，国家；C.human人类；D.forest森林。根据California可知这是美国的一个州，故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：该研究聚焦在西部森林最干燥、最热的地区，但研究人员接下来将会关注有多少会受到影响。A.concentrated集中；B.depended依靠；C.insisted坚持；D.commented评论。根据下文的focusonhowmuchwillbeimpacted可知此处用“关注”符合语境，concentrateon和focuson是同义词复现，故选A项。【34题详解】考查副词短语辨析。句意：事实上，人们可以作一些事情来缓解这个问题。A.Asaresult因此；B.Forexample

10例如；C.Infact事实上；D.What'smore此外。根据上下文可知，此处是指实际上人们可以做一些事情来缓解气候变化给森林带来的影响，故选C项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Davis说，--他是森林管理员-越来越多的森林管理者正在考虑允许一些火在更温和的条件下燃烧。A.saversB.managers管理员；C.researchers研究院；D.advocates倡导者。根据上文的forestmanagers可知此处用“管理员”符合语境，manager是原词复现，故选B项。SectionB(30分，各2分)Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements,ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)　SuddenlyUncleHenrystoodup.“There’sacyclonecoming,Em,”hecalledtohiswife.“I’llgolookafterthestock.”Thenherantowardtheshedswherethecowsandhorseswerekept.AuntEmdroppedherworkandcametothedoor.Oneglancetoldherofthedangercloseathand.“Quick,Dorothy!”shescreamed.“Runforthecellar!”TotojumpedoutofDorothy’sarmsandhidunderthebed,andthegirlstartedtogethim.AuntEm,badlyfrightened,threwopenthetrapdoorinthefloorandclimbeddowntheladderintothesmall,darkhole.DorothycaughtTotoatlastandstartedtofollowheraunt.Whenshewashalfwayacrosstheroomtherecameagreatroarfromthewind,andthehouseshooksohardthatshelostherfootingandsatdownsuddenlyuponthefloor.Thenastrangethinghappened.Thehousecircledaroundtwoorthreetimesandroseslowlythroughtheair.Dorothyfeltasifsheweregoingupinaballoon.Itwasverydark,andthewindblewhorriblyaroundher,butDorothyfoundshewasridingquiteeasily.Afterthefirstfewtwistsandturns,andoneothertimewhenthehousetippedbadly,shefeltasifshewerebeingrockedgently,likeababyinacradle(摇篮).Totodidnotlikeit.Heranabouttheroom,nowhere,nowthere,barkingloudly;butDorothysatquitestillonthefloorandwaitedtoseewhatwouldhappen.Atlastshecrawledovertheswingingfloortoherbed,andlaydownuponit;andTotofollowedandlaydownbesideher.Inspiteoftheswingingofthehouseandthecryingofthewind,Dorothysoonclosedhereyesandfellfastasleep.36Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cyclone”inparagraph1probablymean?A.deadlineB.floodC.monsterD.tornado37.WhydidAuntEmgointotheholeinthefloorwhenthecycloneapproached?

11A.TofindthepuppyToto.B.Tofindshelterfromthecyclone.C.Toprotecttheirfortune.D.TogettoolstohelpHenry.38.WhichofthefollowingisTrueaboutDorothy?A.Shemanagedtocontrolthehouse.B.Shefoundherselfflyinginaballoon.C.Sheturnedbabycryingloudly.D.SheremainedundisturbedwithToto.39.WhichwordscanbeusedtodescribeDorothyintheemergency?A.Afraidandbrave.B.Curiousandtired.C.Flexibleandcalm.D.Excitedandthrilled.【答案】36.D37.B38.D39.C【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了当风暴来临时一家人对风暴不同的反应。Em姨妈快速地寻找庇护所，Henry急忙去看家畜而Dorothy并没有慌张而是灵活镇定地应对这场风暴。【36题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段和第三段中提到的“thewind”以及第三段中的“thehousetippedbadly,shefeltasifshewerebeingrockedgently,likeababyinacradle.”可知，房屋严重倾斜以及Dorothy觉得自己好像被轻轻摇动了，就像摇篮里的婴儿一样，这是风暴导致的结果，因此划线词指的是tornado（风暴，旋风）。故选D。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“AuntEm,badlyfrightened,threwopenthetrapdoorinthefloorandclimbeddowntheladderintothesmall,darkhole.”可知，Em姨妈吓坏了，把地板上的活板门打开了，顺着梯子爬进了一个小黑洞中。由此可知，旋风接近时，Em姨妈钻进地板下面的洞中是为了在风暴来临时寻找庇护所。故选B。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Atlastshecrawledovertheswingingfloortoherbed,andlaydownuponit;andTotofollowedandlaydownbesideher.Inspiteoftheswingingofthehouseandthecryingofthewind,Dorothysoonclosedhereyesandfellfastasleep.”可知，最后，她爬过摆动的地板到了床上。Toto跟着她在旁边躺下。尽管房子在摇晃，风声很大，但Dorothy很快还是闭上了眼睛睡着了。由此可知，Dorothy和Toto并没有受到打扰。故选D。39题详解】推理判断题。由上一题的分析可知，Dorothy在风暴来临后，并没有慌张而是灵活镇定地应对这场风暴。因此C项能够描述Dorothy。故选C。

12(B)___________:6TrickstoImproveYourLife1.StopEarlyMeows(Pets)Withthelongerdaysandthebirdssingatthecrackofdawnyourkittenislikelyanearlyrisernow.Shouldyoufeedhimwhenhemeows?Thatwilljustencouragehisinappropriatenewhabit.Instead,installblackoutshadesorblindstoblockthesun.Thensticktostrictfeedingtimes:oncebeforeyouleaveinthemorningandonceshortlybeforeyougotobed.2.KeepFruitsandVeggiesFresh(Food)Mostrefrigeratorshavecrisperdrawerswithadjustableventsthatyoucanclosetoreduceairflow(andcreatemorehumidity)oropen(tolowerthehumidity).Thebestwaytoextendthelifeofyourfruitsandvegetablesistosetonedraweratlowhumidityanduseitforanythingthatrotseasily,suchaspeachesandmelons.Settheotherdrawerathighhumiditytostorethin-skinnedorleafyvegetablessuchaslettuceandfreshherbs.3.LetYourComputerBreathe(Technology)“Don'tputyourcomputeronthecarpetorupagainstawall,”warnsBenCarmitchel,CEOofDatarecovery.com.“Doingsocancauseheattobuildup,andifitcan'tmeltaway,itcandamagetheharddriveandothercomponents.”4.CreateaCorkscrew()Therearefewthingsinlifemorefrustratingthanfindingyourselfwithanicebottleofwinetodrink—butnocorkscrew.Thenexttimethathappens,takeoutyourhousekeysanddriveoneofthemintothecorkat45-degreeangleuntilitisallthewayin.Slowlytwistthekeyaroundandup,untilyouareabletoholdthecorkandpullitout.Cheers!5.StopaRadiatorLeak(Auto)Aheatwavehashittown,andyouroldcarradiatorisn'ttoohappyaboutit.Ifitsuddenlyoverheatsandyouthinkthecauseisapinholeleak,peppercanprovideashort-termsolution.Simplypourahandfulofgroundpepperintotheradiator.Thatwilltemporarilyplugtheleakandlikelywon'tcauseanydamagetoyourcaruntilyoucangetittoamechanicforrepair.6.TakeaPhotoofYourPassport(Travel)Itmaybeyourmostimportantdocument,buttravelbloggerSuzannaadvisesagainstcarryingyourpassporteverydaywhileyou'retravelling."Itakeaphotoofmypassportandkeepitinmye-maildraftsfoldersoIcanaccessitifneeded,"sheexplains."Whenshoppingandfillingouttaxreclaimforms,I'veusedthephotoinstoreswithoutanissue."

1340.Whichofthefollowingcanbestfillintheblankinthe4thparagraph?A.HealthB.EntertainingC.DecorationD.Communication41.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Onceyourpetcatbecomesanearlyriser,youshouldfeedhimimmediately.B.Peppercansaveyouthetroubleoffurtherrepairbysolvingtheleakofyourcar.C.You'dbetterswitchyourcomputerofftopreventtheover-heatingofitD.It'srecommendedthatfoodbeclassifiedandstoredaccordinglyinyourfridge.42.Whichofthefollowingcanbestcompletethetitleofthepassage?A.WePlayedaTrickB.WeInventedaThingC.WeFoundaFixD.WeCreatedaMasterpiece【答案】40.B41.D42.C【解析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了改善生活的6个技巧，可以用来解决日常生活中的六种问题。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Therearefewthingsinlifemorefrustratingthanfindingyourselfwithanicebottleofwinetodrink—butnocorkscrew.Thenexttimethathappens,takeoutyourhousekeysanddriveoneofthemintothecorkat45-degreeangleuntilitisallthewayin.Slowlytwistthekeyaroundandup,untilyouareabletoholdthecorkandpullitout.Cheers!(生活中没有什么比发现自己有一瓶好酒喝，却没有开瓶器更令人沮丧的事情了。下次发生这种情况时，拿出你家钥匙，以45度角把其中一把插进软木塞里，直到它完全插进去。慢慢地旋转钥匙，直到你能够握住软木塞并拔出它。干杯！)”可推知，第四段讲述了如何用钥匙自制开瓶器，故B选项“Entertaining(娱乐)”最适合第四段中的空处。故选B。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thebestwaytoextendthelifeofyourfruitsandvegetablesistosetonedraweratlowhumidityanduseitforanythingthatrotseasily,suchaspeachesandmelons.Settheotherdrawerathighhumiditytostorethin-skinnedorleafyvegetablessuchaslettuceandfreshherbs.(延长水果和蔬菜寿命的最好方法是把一个抽屉放在湿度较低的地方，放那些容易腐烂的东西，比如桃子和西瓜。另一个抽屉放在高湿度的地方存放薄皮或多叶蔬菜，如生菜和新鲜香草)”可知，D选项“建议把食物分类，并在冰箱里分别储存”正确。故选D。【42题详解】主旨大意题。根据标题“6TrickstoImproveYourLife(改善生活的6个技巧)”结合文章主要介绍了日常生活中六种问题的解决方法，可知，C选项“我们找到了一个解决办法”最适合完成文章标题。故选C。

14(C)Climateemergenciesareabitlikebuses.Youwaitanageforoneandthenthreecomealongatonce.ParliamentsintheUKandIrelandpassedmotionsdeclaringaclimateemergencyinMay.LastMonday,Canadafollowedsuit.Itisn’tjustparliamentsoundingthealarm.“Thisisaclimateemergency,”saidU.N.climatechiefPatriciaEspinosaforthefirsttimelastTuesday.Hoursearlier,JamesBevanofEngland’sEnvironmentAgencyandVinceCable,theleaderoftheU.K.’sLiberalDemocrats,alsousedthephrase.Theyjoinacastofhigh-profilepublicfiguresalreadyonthebus,fromUKoppositionleaderJeremyCorbyntoUNsecretary-generalAntonioGuterres.Buthowdidthelanguageofclimatechangecampaignersjumptothelipsoftheestablishment,andshouldwewelcomeitsseeminglyunstoppableadoption?Doesthislanguagemakeadifference?AdayafterCanada’sclimateemergencymotion,itapproveda£4.4billionoilpipeline.BristolCityCouncilintheUKalsodeclaredaclimateemergency,yetthecity’smayorsubsequentlybackedexpansionofthelocalairport.NothingchangedonUKstreetsafterparliamentdeclaredaclimateemergency,notesformerLabourPartyleaderEdMIliband.“Thissilentresponsetoanalarmthatweourselveshavesoundedsymbolizesthechallengeweface,”hewrote._______?_______MikeHulmeattheUniversityofCambridgearguesagainstthephrasebecauseitimplies“time-limitedradical(激进的)”actioncouldendtheemergency,whenclimatechangeisactuallya“newconditionofhumanexistence.”Some,HUlmeincluded,alsofearthelanguagemaycausecounterproductiveresponses.BurRozPidcockofcommunicationorganizationClimateOutreachsaysaclimateemergency“suggestsaresponsethatisveryradicalinscaleandambition,butnotincautiousorknee-jerk(本能的),”andcertainlynotalicenseforextrememeasurelikegeoengineeringtheclimate.Despitetheriskofphrasebeingdevalued,RebeccaWillisatLancasterUniversityintheU.K.tellsmeitisstilluseful---andthat’sbecauseitistrue.AsSprattsays,“Youcannotsolveaproblemunlessyounameitforexactlywhatitis.”Gettingpoliticianstoadoptthelanguagewillalsobecrucialtoholdingthemtotoughpolicydecisionslater,saysDougParrofGreenpeace.Thephrase’swidespreadadoptionisn’taproblem.Thelackofactionequivalenttosuchlanguageis.Andthatactionisgoingtoincludealotofsilentlyglidingelectricbuses.43.WhichofthefollowingsentencesmaybestendParagraph4?A.Weshouldstrivetostimulatepeople’sinitiative.B.Theuseof“climateemergency”highlightsthechallenge.C.Suchamismatchrisksmakingthetermmeaningless.

15D.Therearemanypeopleagainsttheuseofthephrase.44.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatMikeHulmethinksthat______.A.climatechangecallfordeliberateconsiderationbeforeactionistakenB.immediateactionshouldbetakentoputclimateemergencytoanendC.thephrase“climateemergency”mayleadtotheoppositeconsequencesD.peopleallovertheworldhavebeenaccustomedtoclimatechange45Whichofthefollowingargumentscanbeusedinfavourofthephrase“climateemergency”?.A.ExtrememeasureswillbetakentoaddresstheissueofclimatechangeB.Theuseofthephrasemaycontributetosubstantialpolicymaking.C.Thephrasewillmakenosenseunlesspracticalsolutionsarefound.D.Lessattentionispaidtothephrasethoughitreflectsatruestory.46.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthephrase“climateemergency”?A.NegativeB.OptimisticC.IndifferentD.Objective【答案】43.C44.A45.B46.D【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了“气候突发事件”这个热门词汇。文章通过举例说明，有些人支持这样说，也有一些人反对这样说。结论是现在各国都知道这个问题，但缺少解决问题的实际行动。【43题详解】推理判断题。由第四段“BristolCityCouncilintheUKalsodeclaredaclimateemergency,yetthecity’smayorsubsequentlybackedexpansionofthelocalairport.NothingchangedonUKstreetsafterparliamentdeclaredaclimateemergency”可知，英国布里斯托尔市议会宣布气候突发事件，但是城市的市长随后支持扩建当地机场。在国会宣布气候突发事件后应该街上没有任何改变。举的例子都是有气候突发事件，但是人们没有采取任何措施，这使得宣布有气候突发事件没有意义。因此，空白处填”这种不匹配可能会让这个术语变得毫无意义”最合适。故选C项。【44题详解】推理判断题。由第五段“MikeHulmeattheUniversityofCambridgearguesagainstthephrasebecauseitimplies“time-limitedradical(激进的)”actioncouldendtheemergency,whenclimatechangeisactuallya“newconditionofhumanexistence.”可知，剑桥大学的MikeHulme反对这种表达，因为当气候变化实际上是一个人类存在的新条件时，它暗示的是有时间限制的激进行为可以结束突发事件；由第五段“HUlmeincluded,alsofearthelanguagemaycausecounterproductiveresponses.”可知，HUlme

16总结说，担心这种语言会导致适得其反的反应。从MikeHulme的话可以看出，他认为说提出climatechange这个说法前，要充分考虑，不然可能适得其反。所A“在行动前气候变化需要深思熟虑。”是对的。故选A项。【45题详解】细节理解题。由倒数第二段“Gettingpoliticianstoadoptthelanguagewillalsobecrucialtoholdingthemtotoughpolicydecisionslater,”可知让政客们采纳这种语言，对让他们之后坚持严格的政策决定会很重要。由此可以看出，可以采取严厉的政策来处理气候变化问题，这个表达可以被用来支持气候突发事件这个说法。故选B项。【46题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段“Thephrase’swidespreadadoptionisn’taproblem.Thelackofactionequivalenttosuchlanguageis.”可知，这个短语被广泛采用不是问题。缺乏与这样的表达对等的行动才是问题。由此可以看出，作者对其后突发事件这个表达的态度是有正面的也有否定的，是客观的（objective）。故选D项。SectionCDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.NotethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneedCaliforniaPrepsforFireSeasonWINDSOR,Calif—Grassandothervegetationhavebeguntocovertheashleftbehindwhenthelargestblazeofthe2019wildfireseasonburnedtheedgeofthisNorthernCaliforniatownaboutfourmonthsago.___47___UnlikeinotherdangerousCaliforniablazes,including2018'sCampFirethatdestroyedthetownofParadise,firstresponderswereabletofocusentirelyonthefirefightratherthanlast-minuterescues.“It'snotanaccidentthatWindsorgotsaved,”MayorDominicFoppolisaid.“Wewentthrough2017.WewatchedithappenagaininParadise.”___48___Thestate'swetwintermonthshavebecomeacriticaltimeforofficialsandresidentshopingtoprotectthemselvesfromafireseasonthatstartsearlierandendslaterthaneverSomeareorganizingmass-evacuationdrillsandhostingeventstohelpbusinessesandresidentsdesignemergencyplans.___49___InNorthernCalifornia,thecommunitiesofOrinda,MoragaandLafayettebandedtogethertobuilda19-milefuelbreakmeanttoslowadisastrousblazefromspreadingintoneighborhoodsfromnearbyhills.ForecastersexpectwarmeranddrierweatherinCaliforniaheadingintospring,whichcouldcausegrassestodryoutandleadtoanearlierthannormalstarttothisyear'sfireseason.___50___"Wehaveindicatorsthatwe'redryingoutalready,"saidScottMcLean,aspokesmanfortheCaliforniaDepartmentofForestryandFireProtection,orCalFire.A.TheseasonusedtotakeoffaroundJunebuthasbeenstartingearlierandearlierforthepastfewyears.

17B.Withdeadlyanddestructivewildfiresburningeveryseason,Californiacommunitiesarepreparingfortheworst.C.Firefightersintheareawerechallengedbyconstantlyshiftingwindsandnarrow,windingroadways.D.Windsorstillstandsbecausemostofitsresidentsgrabbedpre-packedemergencygo-bagsandevacuatedimmediatelywhenorderedE.Afewdayslater.Windsorofficialsstoodroadsidewithsignstowelcomeresidentsback.F.Manyalsoarereconsideringbuildingcodesandemphasizingtheneedtocreatedefensiblespacesbylimitingflammablesaroundhomesandbusinesses【答案】47.C48.B49.F50.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加州为火灾季节所做的一些准备和应对措施。【47题详解】根据上一段“WINDSOR,Calif—Grassandothervegetationhavebeguntocovertheashleftbehindwhenthelargestblazeofthe2019wildfireseasonburnedtheedgeofthisNorthernCaliforniatownaboutfourmonthsago.(大约四个月前，2019年野火季最大的大火烧毁了这个北加州小镇的边缘，草地和其他植被开始覆盖留下的火山灰)”以及后文“UnlikeinotherdangerousCaliforniablazes,including2018'sCampFirethatdestroyedthetownofParadise,firstresponderswereabletofocusentirelyonthefirefightratherthanlast-minuterescues.(不像其他危险的加州大火，包括2018年摧毁天堂镇的营火，急救人员能够完全专注于救火，而不是最后一刻的救援)”可知，上文提到加州温莎遭遇大火，后文则提到这一地区急救人员应对火灾和其他地区急救人员救火的不同之处，可知本句是在说明该地区的消防员在该地所面临的一些挑战和困难，故C选项“该地区的消防员面临着不断变化的风向和狭窄蜿蜒的道路的挑战”符合语境，故选C。【48题详解】根据后文“Thestate'swetwintermonthshavebecomeacriticaltimeforofficialsandresidentshopingtoprotectthemselvesfromafireseasonthatstartsearlierandendslaterthaneverSomeareorganizingmass-evacuationdrillsandhostingeventstohelpbusinessesandresidentsdesignemergencyplans.(该州潮湿的冬季已经成为官员和居民保护自己免受火灾季节影响的关键时期。火灾季节开始得比以往任何时候都早，结束得更晚。一些人正在组织大规模疏散演习，并举办活动，帮助企业和居民设计应急计划)”可知，后文提到一些人正在组织大规模疏散演习，并举办活动，帮助企业和居民设计应急计划，可见当地的人都在为火灾做准备。故B选项“每个季节都有致命和毁灭性的野火在燃烧，加州的社区都在为最坏的情况做准备”符合语境，故选B。【49题详解】根据后文“InNorthernCalifornia,thecommunitiesofOrinda,MoragaandLafayettebandedtogethertobuilda19-milefuelbreakmeanttoslowadisastrousblazefromspreadingintoneighborhoodsfromnearbyhills.(

18在北加州，奥林达、莫拉加和拉斐特等社区联合起来，建造了一个19英里长的火灾中断带，旨在减缓灾难性的大火从附近山区蔓延到社区)”可知，后文提到了建造火灾中断带，说明是想通过建筑物来阻止火灾蔓延，故F选项“许多人也在重新考虑建筑法规，并强调通过限制住宅和企业周围的易燃物来创造可防御空间的必要性”符合语境，故选F。【50题详解】根据上文“ForecastersexpectwarmeranddrierweatherinCaliforniaheadingintospring,whichcouldcausegrassestodryoutandleadtoanearlierthannormalstarttothisyear'sfireseason.(预报员预计，加州将迎来更温暖、更干燥的春天，这可能会导致草枯，导致今年的火灾季节比往年提早开始)”可知，上文提到了加州将迎来更温暖、更干燥的春天，这可能会导致草枯，导致今年的火灾季节比往年提早开始，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明火灾季节与过去相比的不同之处，A选项中Theseason指代上文fireseason。故A选项“这个季节过去通常在6月左右开始，但在过去几年开始得越来越早”符合语境，故选A。IV.SummaryWriting(10分）51.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpointsofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Youthinthe21stCenturyItseemsthateveryoneistalkingnegativelyaboutthe"Youthoftoday",EveryTVprogrammethesubjectshowsthreateningyoungpeople.Itishardtofindanythingthatshowsyoungpeopleinapositivelight.Inthiscountrywethinktheelderlysufferthegreatestdiscrimination,butreadanyofthereportswrittenonyouthdiscriminationandanyonecanseethatyoungpeopleareprobablythelargestgroupinsocietytobediscriminatedagainst.ArecentsurveyundertakenbytheChildren'sRightsAllianceforEngland(CRAE)showsthat49%ofthe7to17-year-oldssurveyedhaveexperiencedunfairtreatmentbecauseoftheirage.Aroundaquarterofthemsaytheyaretreatedunfairlyduringeverydayactivities.Shopkeepersroutinelyfollowthemaroundtheshoporexcludethem,busdriverswon'tstopforthemandwhentheyareingroups,thepoliceorderthemtomoveon.AlloftheyoungpeopleIknowareawarethatmodernsocietytreatsthemunfairly.I'vegottwosons,aged14and16,andbothofthemhavebeenstoppedfromenteringshopswiththeirfriendsbecausethereisapolicyofonlyallowingtwoyouths'intheshopatonetime.Neitherofthemhavearecordofunrulybehaviourandtheyhatetheimplicationthatallyoungpeoplearepotentialthieves.Idon'tthinkeitherofmyboysdeservesuchtreatment-andfromwhattheysaynoneoftheirfriendsdoeither.Therearemorethan11millionunder-18-year-oldsinEnglandandevidenceshowsthatthevastmajoritypositivelyparticipatewithintheircommunities,contributingtothearts,sportsandachievingwellatschool.However,noTVprogrammesreportthat!BarbaraHeam,DeputyChiefExecutiveoftheNationalChildren's

19Bureau,rightlysays,Equalityisforeveryone,includingforouryoungestcitizens.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】NoTVprogrammetalksnegativelyabouttheyouth.Wealwaysthinktheelderlysufferthediscriminationmost,butinfact,youngpeoplearepossiblythelargestgroupdiscriminatedinsociety.Astherecentsurveyshows,49%ofthe7to17yearsoldchildrenaretreatedunfairlyduetotheirage.However,mostofthemperformactivelywithintheircommunities.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章用数据对比和事实说明，当代青少年是最受社会歧视的群体，没有电视节目从正面报道他们。但是事实上，大部分的青少年没有过劣迹，并且在社区生活中表现得非常积极。【详解】1.要点摘录①Itseemsthateveryoneistalkingnegativelyaboutthe"Youthoftoday",EveryTVprogrammethesubjectshowsthreateningyoungpeople.②Inthiscountrywethinktheelderlysufferthegreatestdiscrimination,butreadanyofthereportswrittenonyouthdiscriminationandanyonecanseethatyoungpeopleareprobablythelargestgroupinsocietytobediscriminatedagainst.③ArecentsurveyundertakenbytheChildren'sRightsAllianceforEngland(CRAE)showsthat49%ofthe7to17-year-oldssurveyedhaveexperiencedunfairtreatmentbecauseoftheirage.④Therearemorethan11millionunder-18-year-oldsinEnglandandevidenceshowsthatthevastmajoritypositivelyparticipatewithintheircommunities,contributingtothearts,sportsandachievingwellatschool.2.缜密构思将第1、2、3、4个要点进行整合。3.遣词造句Wealwaysthinktheelderlysufferthediscriminationmost,butinfact,youngpeoplearepossiblythelargestgroupdiscriminatedinsociety.Astherecentsurveyshows,49%ofthe7to17yearsoldchildrenaretreatedunfairlyduetotheirage.However,mostofthemperformactivelywithintheircommunities.

20【点睛】[高分句型1]Wealwaysthinktheelderlysufferthediscriminationmost,butinfact,youngpeoplearepossiblythelargestgroupdiscriminatedinsociety.（过去分词作后置定语）[高分句型2]Astherecentsurveyshows,49%ofthe7to17yearsoldchildrenaretreatedunfairlyduetotheirage.（as引导的定语从句）第Ⅱ卷（共40分）ITranslation(15分）(4+5+5+6)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.52.起源于中国，茶被描述为中国的国饮。（originate)(汉译英）【答案】OriginatedinChina,teaisdescribedasChina'snationaldrink.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查时态、语态和非谓语动词。表示“起源于中国”，所给动词originate意为“发源”，在句中作原因状语，与逻辑主语tea之间是被动关系，用过去分词；描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时；“茶叶”和“描述”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，bedescribedas被描述为；表示“中国国饮”应使用名词短语China'snationaldrink，作介词as的宾语。故翻译为OriginatedinChina,teaisdescribedasChina'snationaldrink.53.在很大程度上，买房时，像价格和地段等诸多因素要考虑进去。（consideration)(汉译英）【答案】Toalargeextentmanyfactorssuchaspriceandlocationshouldbetakenintoconsiderationwhenbuyingahouse.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查时态、语态和非谓语动词。表示“在很大程度上”应用短语toalargeextent；表示“买房时”用现在分词短语作状语，“buy”与其逻辑主语“you”之间是主动关系，用现在分词；表示“因素”用factor，factor应用复数形式，作主语；表示“像价格和地段”短语为suchaspriceandlocation；表示“考虑进去”用短语takeintoconsideration。描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时；“因素”和“考虑”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故翻译为Toalargeextent,manyfactorssuchaspriceandlocationshouldbetakenintoconsiderationwhenbuyingahouse.54.当他收到那封梦寐以求的信时，他情不自禁地发出了一声高兴的叫声。（lookforward)(汉译英）【答案】Whenhereceivedtheletterhelookedforwardto,hecouldn'thelpbutletoutacryofjoy.【解析】

21【详解】考查动词短语。表示“当……时”可用when，表示“收到信”可用receivetheletter，此处“梦寐以求的”是定语，此处可用定语从句，定语从句中关系代词作宾语，可以省略，所以定语从句为“helookedforwardto”，修饰theletter，表示“情不自禁做某事”可用can'thelpbutdosth，表示“发出了一声高兴的叫声”可用letoutacryofjoy，且事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故翻译为“Whenhereceivedtheletterhelookedforwardto,hecouldn'thelpbutletoutacryofjoy.”。55.只有当他们意识到这些动物处于灭绝的风险中，他们才下定决心要采取一切可能的措施保护它们。（Only......)(汉译英）【答案】Onlywhentheyrealizethattheseanimalsareindangerofextinctioncantheymakeuptheirmindtotakeallpossiblemeasurestoprotectthem.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查倒装句，从句和时态。表示“只有当…时，才…”应使用only引导时间状语从句，主句部分使用倒装句；表示“当他们意识到”应使用when作连接词，“他们”they作主语,“意识到”realize作谓语动词，一般现在时表将来意义；表示“这些动物处于灭绝的风险中”做realize的宾语从句，用that引导，这些动物用theseanimals作主语，系动词are作谓语,“处于灭绝的风险中”使用短语indangerofextinction作表语；表示主句“他们才下定决心要采取一切可能的措施保护它们”，主语他们用they，“才下定决心做…”用短语makeuptheirmindto在主句中作谓语动词，应使用部分倒装语序，情态动词can提前至主语前；表示“要采取一切可能的措施保护它们”，“采取措施去做…”用短语takemeasuresto…，“一切可能的”用allpossible做measures的定语,“保护他们”使用动词protect，“它们”them作protect的宾语。故翻译为Onlywhentheyrealizethattheseanimalsareindangerofextinctioncantheymakeuptheirmindtotakeallpossiblemeasurestoprotectthem.IIGuidedWriting(25分）56.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.近来，网络订餐服务发展迅速，用户即使足不出户也可以利用手机的app进行订餐，并由外送人员送餐到家。你如何看待这一现象？写一篇文章，表达你的想法。你的文章必须包括：1.你认为网络订餐是利大于弊还是弊大于利。2.你的理由和建议。

22________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Today,inallfast-pacedlife,technologyhasdevelopedataveryfastspeedinordertomakelifemoreandmoreconvenient.Insuchanageofbigdata,orderingfoodonlinehasrisingandbecomeanewtrend.Inmyopinion,theonlinefoodorderingservicehasobviouslymoreadvantagesthandisadvantages.Firstofall,it'sconvenientforustoorderfoodonline.Whenwedon'twanttomakefoodorgototherestaurant,wejustneedtotakeoutphonesanduseappstoorderfood.Itallowsustoenjoydedicatemealswithoutgoingout.Inaddition,theriseoftheservicehasrelievedthegreatproblemofunemploymentinChina.Asweallknow,Chinahasabigpopulation，andit'sverytrickytofindthejob.Withthefooddeliverygainingpopularity,manyunemployedpeoplecantakeupthejobandmaketheirownliving.Lastbutnotleast,theservicehashelpedmanyrestaurantstomakemoreprofits.Astheycooperatewiththecompaniesthatprovidefooddelivery,moreandmoreordersoccur,thusincreasingtheincomeofrestaurants.Thoughoneofthebiggestproblemswiththefooddeliveryisthatithasbroughtplasticwaste,manrestaurantshavepromisedtostopusingdisposableitemslikechopsticksandboxes.Duetoitsadvantages,wehaveeveryreasontobelievethatitwillsurelyhaveaprospectivefuture.【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。主要陈述自己对于网络订餐服务的看法，并列举原因和建议。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：议论文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.发表自己观点（认为利大于弊）；2.理由和建议第二步:列提纲（重点词组）convenient,enjoydedicatemeals,relievedthegreatproblemofunemployment,takeupthejob,maketheirownliving,makemoreprofits,haveaprospectivefuture.第三步：连词成句1.Whenwedon'twanttomakefoodorgototherestaurant,wejustneedtotakeoutphonesanduseappstoorderfood.Itallowsustoenjoydedicatemealswithoutgoingout.

232.Inaddition,theriseoftheservicehasrelievedthegreatproblemofunemploymentinChina.3.Withthefooddeliverygainingpopularity,manyunemployedpeoplecantakeupthejobandmaketheirownliving.4.Astheycooperatewiththecompaniesthatprovidefooddelivery,moreandmoreordersoccur,thusincreasingtheincomeofrestaurants.5.Duetoitsadvantages,wehaveeveryreasontobelievethatitwillsurelyhaveaprospectivefuture.第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：Firstofall,Lastbutnotleast2.表并列补充关系：Inaddition3.表因果关系：Because,As,So（供参考）连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰【点睛】[高分句型1]Whenwedon'twanttomakefoodorgototherestaurant,wejustneedtotakeoutphonesanduseapptoorderfood.该句是复合句。when引导时间状语从句。[高分句型2]Withthefooddeliverygainingpopularity,manyunemployedpeoplecantakeupthejobandmaketheirownliving.该句使用with的复合结构。with+宾语+宾补，fooddelivery与gain是主动关系，使用gaining形式。主句使用takeup和makeone’sliving高分词组。[高分句型3]Astheycooperatewiththecompaniesthatprovidefooddelivery,moreandmoreordersoccur,thusincreasingtheincomeofrestaurants.该句是复合句，前半句as引导原因状语从句。主句后部分increasingtheincomeofrestaurants现在分词做结果状语。使用高分词汇cooperate以及occur。