北京市顺义区2020-2021学年高一上学期期末英语Word版含解析

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顺义区2020-2021学年高一第一学期期末质量监测英语试卷一、语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Popmusicisamusicalstyle.Popmusiccanmakepeoplefeel___1___(excite)andcomfortable.Sincethe1980s,popmusichasbeenpopularinChina.Nowadays,JayChou___2___(love)byalargenumberoffansofallages.Hehassunglotsofsongsabouttheworldwelivein.Oneof___3___(they)isDaoXiang.Itencouragespeoplenottogiveupevenwhenlifeisdifficult.【答案】1.excited2.isloved3.them【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了流行音乐在中国大受欢迎，并介绍流行音乐代表人物周杰伦和他的音乐。【1题详解】考查形容词。句意：流行音乐可以使人感到兴奋和舒适。根据空后“andcomfortable”可知，空处需用形容词作表语，本句宾语是人people，所以空处需用ed形容词excited作表语,ing形容词常修饰物。故填excited。【2题详解】考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：如今，周杰伦受到了众多年龄层粉丝的喜爱。由时间状语nowadays可知，空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态，因为是被喜欢，所以空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态的被动语态：bedone，主语是JayChou，单数概念，所以be动词需用is。故填isloved。【3题详解】考查代词。句意：《稻香》就是其中之一。介词of后需接人称代词宾格，they的宾格是them。故填them。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Everyyearthousandsoftonsofrubbish(废物)areinouroceans,lakesandrivers.60%oftherubbish___4___lastsforalongtimeinthewaterwilldogreatharm(伤害)toseacreatures(生物).Forexample,many___5___(animal)havebeensufferinggreatlyinthewaterjustbecauseoftherubbishintheoceansandrivers,soit’simportantforus___6___(clean)upourmess(脏乱)becausewenotonlyenjoyMotherNature’sgiftsbutalsohave

1totakecareofit.【答案】4.which/that5.animals6.toclean【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了每年有大量的废物垃圾投入海洋，湖泊和河流，这些垃圾危害了海洋生物，呼吁要清理海洋垃圾，保护自然。【4题详解】考查定语从句。句意：60%的垃圾在水中长期存在会对海洋生物造成很大的伤害，分析可知，“___1___lastsforalongtimeinthewater”为之前名词“60%oftherubbish”的定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which/that引导从句。故填which。【5题详解】考查名词复数。句意：例如，许多动物一直在水中遭受巨大的痛苦，只是因为海洋和河流中的垃圾，所以清理我们的混乱是很重要的，因为我们不仅享受大自然的礼物，也必须照顾它。根据空前限定词“many”可知，所填空应是可数名词复数。故填animals。【6题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：例如，许多动物一直在水中遭受巨大的痛苦，只是因为海洋和河流中的垃圾，所以清理我们的混乱是很重要的，因为我们不仅享受大自然的礼物，也必须照顾它。“it’s+形容词+forsb.+todosth…”，固定句式，“对于某人来说，做某事是……”，it为形式主语，todo不定式为真正主语。故填toclean。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Itwasacoldandsnowymorningafterthewinterholiday.Actually,it___7___(be)myfirstdayatmynewschool.Iwaswalking___8___(slow)andworryingaboutlotsofthings.Agirl___9___wasonabikepassedmequickly.Shewasridingonsnowyicewhensuddenlyshefelloffherbikejustafewstepsinfrontofme.Withoutthinking,Iwentoverand___10___(help)herstandup.Shesaid“Thankyou!”tomewithasmileandthenrodeaway.Thewords“Thankyou!”helpedmeandthissmallevent(事情)mademelessnervousaboutmynewschool.【答案】7.was8.slowly9.who/that10.helped【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者在去新学校上学的路上帮助了一位骑车摔倒的女孩的故事。【7题详解】

2考查时态和主谓一致。句意：事实上，这是我在新学校的第一天。根据前一句谓语动词was可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时，主语是第三人称单数it，所以此处be动词需用was。故填was。【8题详解】考查副词。句意：我走得很慢，心里担心很多事情。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词walk，slow的副词为slowly“缓慢地”。故填slowly。【9题详解】考查定语从句。句意：一个骑自行车的女孩很快地超过了我。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是agirl，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词who/that引导定语从句。故填who/that。【10题详解】考查时态。句意：没有太多考虑，我走过去扶她站起来。由空前“wentover”和连词and可知，此处并列连词and连接两个并列的谓语动词，所以空处谓语动词需用一般过去时。故填helped。二、完形填空（共16小题；每小题1.5分，共24分）阅读短文，掌握其大意，从各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Inspiteofourefforts,weseemedtobegettingnoclosertoMary.Shebecameanautistic(自闭症的)childbecauseofhermother’s___11___.Iwantedthischildtolivehappily___12___shecouldenjoythebeauty,wonderandfunoflivingagaineventhoughshehadtosufferthepainoflosinghermother.OnasunnydayinMarch,I___13___thechildrenhowtoweave(编织)basketsandhowtoputpaper___14___onthem.IplacedthebeautifullycoloredpaperonMary’sdeskandencouragedherto___15___.ThenIleftthechildrentoproducetheirown___16___,andIstartedtoreadthenewspaperatthebackoftheroom.Soonafter,Kristiehurriedtocometowardsmewithher___17___allred.“ComeandseeMary’s___18___,”shecried.“Itissopretty!You’llnever___19___it!”ThemomentIwatchedit,Icaughtmybreathatits____20____.“Mary,”Isaid,“thisissobeautiful!____21____didyoudoit?”Shelookedatmewiththeshiningeyesofanynormal(正常的)littlegirl.“Mymotherlovedflowers,”shesaidsimply.“She____22____alloftheseflowersinourgarden.”Wefastenedherbasketintheverycenteroftheborderatthefrontoftheroom.ItremainedthereuntilschoolendedinJune.Onthelastday,Maryheldit____23____asshecarrieditoutthedoor.Thenshecamerunningback,pulledapapercrocus(番红花)fromherbasketand____24____ittome.“Thisisforyou,”shesaid,andshegavemeahug(拥抱).I’ve____25____thecrocusinmydeskeversince—justtoremindmeofthemiracle(奇迹)broughtaboutby____26____andfaith(信任).

311.A.illnessB.deathC.divorceD.unemployment12.A.asifB.incaseC.duetoD.sothat13.A.showedB.recordedC.watchedD.asked14.A.bagsB.sticksC.flowersD.fruits15.A.tryB.leaveC.drawD.paint16A.gamesB.worksC.cropsD.food17.A.backB.armsC.handsD.face18.A.basketB.clothesC.paperD.toy19.A.understandB.findC.believeD.make20.A.colorB.beautyC.shapeD.price21.A.WhyB.WhereC.WhenD.How22.A.soldB.madeC.plantedD.studied23.A.carefullyB.suddenlyC.sharplyD.successfully24.A.carriedB.threwC.handedD.pointed25.A.fixedB.keptC.droppedD.bought26.A.friendshipB.trustC.missD.love【答案】11.B12.D13.A14.C15.A16.B17.D18.A19.C20.B21.D22.C23.A24.C25.B26.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了小女孩Mary因为母亲去世而患上自闭症。在一次课上，作者教给孩子们如何编织花篮并插上纸花，然后让孩子们自己创作。令大家吃惊的是，Mary编出了漂亮的花篮和花朵，原来是因为妈妈爱花，喜欢园艺，带着对妈妈的思念，她制作出了漂亮的作品。出于对作者的感谢和信任，她送给作者一朵纸制的番红花。【11题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于母亲的去世，她成了一个自闭症儿童。A.illness疾病；B.death死亡；C.divorce离婚；D.unemployment失业。根据后文“sufferthepainoflosinghermother(承受失去母亲的痛苦)”可知，她的母亲过世了。故选B项。【12题详解】考查介词短语辨析和从句引导词辨析。句意：我希望这个孩子能快乐地生活，这样她就能享受生活的美丽、好奇和乐趣，即使她不得不承受失去母亲的痛苦。A.asif就好像；犹如；B.incase万一；假使；C.dueto

4由于；D.sothat以便；以致于。分析前文“Iwantedthischildtolivehappily”句意可知，作者希望Mary过得开心，如此以致于能体会到生活的美丽，奇迹和乐趣。故选D项。【13题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：3月一个阳光明媚的日子，我教孩子们如何编篮子，以及如何在篮子上插上纸花。A.showed（通过示范）教；解说；演示；B.recorded记录；记载；C.watched观看；D.asked询问。根据后文“howtoweavebasketsandhowtoputpaper___4__onthem”可知，作者作为老师，应是在向孩子们示范演示如何编织篮子和插上纸花。故选A项。【14题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：3月一个阳光明媚的日子，我教孩子们如何编篮子，以及如何在篮子上插上纸花。A.bags（尤指商店用的）纸袋；塑料袋；B.sticks枝条；C.flowers花；D.fruits水果。根据后文“Thenshecamerunningback,pulledapapercrocusfromherbasket(然后她跑回来，从篮子里拿出一个纸番红花)”可知，应是在编好的篮子里插上纸花。故选C项。【15题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把颜色漂亮的纸放在Mary的桌子上，鼓励她试一试。A.try努力；尝试；B.leave离开；C.draw（用铅笔、钢笔或粉笔）画；描绘；D.paint用颜料画。根据前文“IplacedthebeautifullycoloredpaperonMary’sdeskandencouragedherto…”可知，作者应是将彩纸放在Mary的课桌上，然后鼓励她去尝试编织篮子和插纸花。故选A项。16题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我留下孩子们去创作他们自己的作品，我开始在教室后面看报纸。A.games游戏；B.works作品；C.crops农作物；D.food食物。根据前文“OnasunnydayinMarch,I3thechildrenhowtoweavebasketsandhowtoputpaper__4___onthem.”可知，作者给孩子们上课内容应是编织篮子和插纸花，是一节手工课，演示给孩子们看如何制作后，留给孩子时间自己创作作品。故选B项。【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不一会儿，克里斯蒂满脸通红地匆匆向我走来。A.back后背；B.arms胳膊；C.hands手；D.face脸庞。根据前文“Kristiehurriedtocometowardsme”可知，Kristi是匆匆走向作者的，对于孩子来说，匆忙走或跑过之后脸庞会发红。故选D项。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“快来看玛丽的篮子，”她叫道。A.basket篮子；B.clothes衣服；C.paper纸；D.toy玩具。与后文“Wefastenedherbasketintheverycenteroftheborderatthefrontoftheroom.(我们把她的篮子系在教室前面的正中央。)”中“herbasket”相呼应，应是“basket”。故选A项。【19题详解】

5考查动词词义辨析。句意：“它真漂亮!”你绝对不会相信的!”A.understand理解；B.find发现；找到；C.believe相信；认为；D.make制作；使让。根据前文“Inspiteofourefforts,weseemedtobegettingnoclosertoMary.Shebecameanautisticchildbecauseofhermother’s___1___.(尽管我们做了很多努力，我们似乎还是没有接近玛丽。由于母亲的去世，她成了一个自闭症儿童。)”可知，Mary因为母亲过世而自闭，作者和其他同学都很难与她亲密起来，因此当她创作出很漂亮的作品时，大家应是震惊的，感到难以置信。故选C项。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看到它的那一刻，它的美丽让我屏住了呼吸。A.color颜色；B.beauty美丽；美好的东西；C.shape形状；D.price价格。根据后文作者的话语“thisissobeautiful!(这太美了!)”可知，Mary的作品很漂亮，美丽。故选B项。【21题详解】考查疑问词词义辨析。句意：“Mary，”我说，“这太美了!你是怎么做到的?”A.Why为什么；B.Where在哪里；C.When何时；D.How如何；怎样。根据后文Mary的话“‘Mymotherlovedflowers,’shesaidsimply.‘She___12___alloftheseflowersinourgarden.’(“我妈妈喜欢花，”她简单地说。“她在我们的花园里种了所有这些花。”)”可知，她在向作者解释如何做出这么美丽的花的。故选D项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“她在我们的花园里种了所有这些花。”A.sold售卖；B.made制作；使让；C.planted种植；D.studied学习；研究。根据后文“alloftheseflowersinourgarden”可推知，Mary的妈妈将花种在了花园里。故选C项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后一天，Mary小心翼翼地拿着它出门。A.carefully小心地；认真地；B.suddenly突然；C.sharply急剧地；鲜明地；D.successfully成功地。结合语境可知，“it”应是指代Mary制作的花篮，根据前文“‘Mymotherlovedflowers,’shesaidsimply.‘She___12___alloftheseflowersinourgarden.’”可知，她带着对妈妈的思念制作了这个花篮，应是格外珍惜，在拿的过程中也是小心翼翼。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她跑回来，从篮子里拿出一个纸番红花递给我。A.carried携带；搬运；B.threw扔；投掷；C.handed交给；传递；D.pointed指向。结合语境可知，“it”指代前文提及的番红花，且根据后文“Thisisforyou”可知，Mary从花篮中拿出纸制的番红花递给了作者表达感谢。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，我一直把这朵番红花放在我的书桌里——只是为了提醒自己，由爱和信仰带来的奇迹。A.fixed使固定；维修；B.kept保存；保持；C.dropped掉下；减少；D.bought

6购买。根据后文“inmydesk(在桌子里)”可知，作者将Mary送的纸质番红花保存在了桌子里作为纪念。故选B项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，我一直把这朵番红花放在我的书桌里——只是为了提醒自己，由爱和信仰带来的奇迹。A.friendship友谊；B.trust信任；信赖；C.miss错过；未击中；D.love爱；热爱。结合语境可知，“themiracle”应是指代Mary做出的美丽花篮，且根据前文“‘Mymotherlovedflowers,’shesaidsimply.‘She___12___alloftheseflowersinourgarden.’(“我妈妈喜欢花，”她简单地说。“她在我们的花园里种了所有这些花。)”可知，Mary之所以能过做出如此漂亮的花篮是因为她倾注了对妈妈的思念与爱，因此选项D“love”符合语境。故选D项。三、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，共40分）第一节阅读短文，从各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选出符合文章意义的最佳选项。ATryingtofindtheperfectpresentisaboutaseasyastryingtoreadsomeone’smind.Fewpeoplewillactuallytellyouwhattheywantforaspecialoccasionandmostofthetimeyourlovedoneswillinsistthattheydon’tneedorwantanything!So,whattodo?Herearesometipsthatcouldhelp.StartEarlyStartingyourshoppingearlycanhavemanyadvantages.Forinstance,itgivesyouenoughtimetocomeupwithideasforwhatyoushouldbuyyourfriendsorfamilymembers.Moreover,thecloseritgetstoholidays,thehigherthepricesgoup.So,saveyourmoneybybeinganearlybird.MakeaListHere,youcanwritedowneverythingyourfriendsorfamilymemberslove.Thiscanincludefood,hobbies,experiences,andmore.Thentrytodeterminehowtousethisinformationtofindagiftthatperfectlysuitsthem.Ifyouarelucky,youshouldbeabletofindgoodideasinoneoftheselists.ThinkoutsidetheBoxOften,thereasonwhyyougetstuck(卡住)forgiftideasisthatyouonlyfocusonthesamekindofpresents.Ifyouarestillcomingupempty,itistimetogetcreative.Youcanfindsomethingyourfriendsorfamilymemberscanuseeveryday.Whenindoubt,youcansimplyputsmallerpresentstogethertomakeupalarger,moremeaningfulgift.GiftanExperienceIncaseyouarestillfeelingalittlestuck,goaheadandfindsomethingthatthetwoofyoucandotogether.Itmaybeaclass,oranythingelsewhereyoucanenjoyeachother’scompany(陪伴).Inshort,youwillbeabletogive

7themthegiftoffriendship.27.Ifyouwanttosavemoney,youshould___________.A.startearlyB.makealistC.giftanexperienceD.thinkoutsidethebox28.Youcanwritedownthefollowingsinyourlistexcept_________.A.foodB.hobbiesC.goodideasD.experiences29.Weoftengetstuckforgiftideasbecause__________.A.wedon’thaveenoughmoneytobuygiftsB.wehavealonglistofgiftstochoosefromC.weonlyfocusonthesamekindofpresentsD.wedon’thaveenoughtimetocomeupwithgoodideas30.Toenjoyeachother’scompany,youcan___________.A.talktoyourfamilymembersB.findsomethingthatyoucandotogetherC.putsmallerpresentstogethertomakeupalargergiftD.writedowneverythingyourfriendsorfamilymemberslove31.Thepassageismainlyabout__________.A.theadviceonshoppingB.tipsonreadingsomeone’smindC.theexperienceduringaspecialoccasionD.theguidetobecomingtheperfectgiftgiver【答案】27.A28.C29.C30.B31.D【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了几条如何找到完美礼物的建议：提前选购，列清单，跳出固有思维以及把共同经历作为一份礼物。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“StartEarly”部分内容“Moreover,thecloseritgetstoholidays,thehigherthepricesgoup.So,saveyourmoneybybeinganearlybird.(而且，离假期越近，物价就越高。所以，做一个早做准备的人可以节省你的钱。)”可知，早做准备可以省钱。故选A项。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“MakeaList”部分内容“Here,youcanwritedowneverythingyourfriendsorfamily

8memberslove.Thiscanincludefood,hobbies,experiences,andmore.”可知，可以写下朋友或家人所爱的一切，包括食物、爱好、经历等等。选项A“food(食物)”，B“hobbies(爱好)”，D“experiences(经历)”在文章中有提及，选项C“goodideas(好主意)”并未提及。故选C项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“ThinkoutsidetheBox”部分内容“Often,thereasonwhyyougetstuckforgiftideasisthatyouonlyfocusonthesamekindofpresents.”可知，通常，被礼物创意卡住的原因是只关注同一种礼物。故选C项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“GiftanExperience”部分内容“Incaseyouarestillfeelingalittlestuck,goaheadandfindsomethingthatthetwoofyoucandotogether.Itmaybeaclass,oranythingelsewhereyoucanenjoyeachother’scompany.(如果你仍然感觉有点被困住了，继续找一些你们俩可以一起做的事情。它可能是一门课，或者其他任何你们可以享受彼此陪伴的事情。)”可知，为了享受彼此的陪伴，你可以找一些可以一起做的事情。故选B项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章体裁为应用文，文章结构为总分结构，首段内容“Tryingtofindtheperfectpresentisaboutaseasyastryingtoreadsomeone’smind.(想要找到完美礼物就像读心术一样简单。)”以及“Herearesometipsthatcouldhelp.(这里有一些可以帮助你的建议。)”揭示了文章主旨要义，即：文章主要讲述了找到完美礼物的几个建议。D项“theguidetobecomingtheperfectgiftgiver(教你如何成为完美的送礼人)”贴合文章主旨要义。故选D项。BI’ma34-year-oldman,married,liveinanicehouse,andhaveasuccessfulcareerasaneducationalconsultant(顾问).Butmylifewasnotalwayssogreat.Mylearningdisabilitymademyschooldaysverychallengingfromanearlyage.IwenttoaspecialschoolwhereIgotplentyofextrahelp.Still,Isufferedtherestofmyschooldaysinpublicschools.MylifeimprovedremarkablywhenIdiscoveredart.Theartworldgavemeachancetoexpressmyselfwithoutwords.Iwenttoaworkshopandgraduallygotgoodatmakingthingswithclay(黏土).HereIlearnedmyfirstimportantlesson:disabledasIwasinlanguage,Icouldstillbesmartandwellexpressmyselfwithclay.Andmyconfidencecamealong.Igotmynextlessonfromrockclimbing.ItwasafunthingbutIwasscaredfromthestart.Isoonnoticeditwasn’tatalentthing;itwaspractice.SoIdiditmore.Afteraboutfiveyearsofclimbing,IfoundmyselfinYosemiteValleyonabigwall.Ilearnedthatifyoufallinlovewithsomethinganddoitallthetime,youwillgetbetteratit.

9LaterIdecidedtoapplymypreviousexperiencetolearninghowtoreadandwrite.EverydayIpracticedreadingandwriting,whichIusedtoavoidasmuchaspossible.Aftertwohardyears,Iwasliterate(有读写能力的).Havinggonethroughthelongprocesswithart,rockclimbing,andreadingandwriting,nowI’vegottoapointinmylifewhereIknowIamsmartenoughtodiveintoanareathatistotallyunknown,hard,butinteresting.32.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofhisschooldays?A.Great.B.Successful.C.Challenging.D.Frightening.33.Whatgivestheauthorconfidence?A.Rockclimbing.B.Readingandwriting.C.Extrahelpinaspecialschool.D.Theartofmakingthingswithclay.34.Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromrockclimbing?A.Liveandlearn.B.Practicemakesperfect.C.Everyonehashisownstrengths.D.Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.35.Howlongdidittaketheauthortobecomeliterate?A.Aboutfiveyears.B.Twoyears.C.34years.D.Unknown.36.Whatkindofpersonistheauthor?A.Determined.B.Interesting.C.Talented.D.Hard.【答案】32.C33.D34.B35.B36.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小的时候有学习障碍，所以学生时代充满艰辛；但是他没有放弃，当他发现艺术可以帮助他表达自己时，他获得了信心；通过攀岩运动，作者知道了要坚持才能做得更好；通过不断地练习，作者终于学会了读书写字。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“Mylearningdisabilitymademyschooldaysverychallengingfromanearly

10age.(我的学习障碍使我的学校生活从很小的时候就充满挑战。)”可知，作者的学生时代是充满挑战困难，难熬的。故选C项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“HereIlearnedmyfirstimportantlesson:disabledasIwasinlanguage,Icouldstillbesmartandwellexpressmyselfwithclay.Andmyconfidencecamealong.(在这里，我学到了人生的第一堂重要的课：尽管我在语言方面有缺陷，但我仍然可以很聪明，用黏土很好地表达自己。我的信心随之而生。)”可知，作者能用黏土制作的艺术作品表达自己，这使他有了信心。故选D项。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“Ilearnedthatifyoufallinlovewithsomethinganddoitallthetime,youwillgetbetteratit.(我学到了，如果你爱上某件事，并一直做下去，你会做得更好。)”可知，作者从攀岩中学到了坚持做一件事，不断练习就会做得更好即熟能生巧。故选B项。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容“Aftertwohardyears,Iwasliterate.”可知，经过两年的艰苦努力，作者已经能识字了。故选B项。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据文章末尾内容“Havinggonethroughthelongprocesswithart,rockclimbing,andreadingandwriting,nowI’vegottoapointinmylifewhereIknowIamsmartenoughtodiveintoanareathatistotallyunknown,hard,butinteresting.(在经历了艺术、攀岩、阅读和写作的漫长过程后，现在我知道自己已经足够聪明，可以进入一个完全未知、艰难但有趣的领域。)”可知，作者经历了艺术，攀岩，阅读和写作的漫长过程，这应是一个有毅力的人才能完成和接受的。所以作者是一个有毅力的人。故选A项。CYouspendathirdofyourlifeasleep,acertainpartofwhichinvolvesdreaming.Butmostoften,youdon’trememberanyofyourdreams.Whiletheexactreasonofwhywecanhardlyrecallourdreamsisnotfullyknown,scientistshavegottensomeinsightintomemoryprocessesduringsleep,leadingtoseveralideasthatmayexplainourforgetfulness.Youareawake,butisyourhippocampus(海马体)awake?Whenwefallasleep,notallthebrain’sregionsgoofflineatthesametime.Researchershavefoundoneofthelastregionstogotosleepisthehippocampus,astructureinbrainthatisimportantformovinginformationfromshort-termmemoryintolong-termmemory.“Ifthehippocampusisthelasttogotosleep,itcouldverywellbethelasttowakeup,”saidThomasAndrillon,aneuroscientistatMonashUniversityinMelbourne,Australia.“So,youcouldhavethiswindowwhereyouwake

11upwithadreaminyourshort-termmemory,butsincethehippocampusisnotfullyawakeyet,yourbrainisnotabletokeepthatmemory,”AndrillontoldLiveScience.Whilethismightexplainwhydreammemoriesaresofleeting,itdoesn’tmeanthatyourhippocampushasbeeninactivethroughoutthenight.Infact,thisregionisquiteactiveduringsleep,andappearstobestoringandcaringforexistingmemoriestostrengthenthem,insteadoflisteningforincomingnewexperiences.Sometimesyourdreamsarejustnotmemorable?Doyourememberwhatyouwerethinkingaboutthismorningwhenbrushingyourteeth?Ourmindswander(游离)allthetime,butwegetridofmostofthosethoughtsasunimportantinformation.Dreams,especiallyordinaryones,maybejustlikedaydreamingthoughtsandbelievedbythebraintobetoouselesstoremember.Butdreamsthataremorevivid,emotionalandcoherent(连贯的)seemtobebetterremembered—perhapsbecausetheycausemoreawakening,andtheirorganizedstorymakesthemeasiertostore.Ifyouareinterestedinimprovingyourdreamrecall,thereareafewtrickstotry.Oneisdrinkingwaterbeforebed,becauseitwillmakeyouwakeupatnighttousethebathroom.Thesemiddle-of-the-nightawakeningsarefrequentlyaccompaniedbydreamrecall.Repeatedlyremindingyourselfthatyouwanttorememberyourdreamsmayincreaseyourchances,andsodoeskeepingadreamjournal,somestudieshavesuggested.Uponwakingup,hangontothatfragile(脆弱的)dreammemory:keepyoureyesclosed,staystillandreplaythedreammemory,untilyourhippocampuscatchesupandproperlystoresthememory.37.Whatcanwelearnaboutdreamsfromthepassage?A.Dreamingmeansprocessingmemoryduringsleeping.B.Dreamscomefromyourhippocampus.C.Dreamsaresometimesuselessforustoremember.D.Weneedspecialtrainingstorecallourdreams.38.Youcanrememberyourdreamswhenyouwakeupprobablybecause___________.A.youareforgetfulandpoorinrememberingthingsB.yourdreamsarevivid,emotionalandcoherentC.yourhippocampusisactiveinreceivingnewinformationD.yourbrainneedstostartuptomovedreamsintolong-termmemory39.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fleeting”inParagraph5probablymean?A.Inactive.B.Short-lived.C.Significant.D.Slight.40.WhichofthefollowingCANNOThelpyoutorecalladream?

12A.Improvetheabilityofyourhippocampustocatchupinformation.B.Keepremindingyourselfoftheneedtorememberyourdreams.C.Recordwhatyoucanrememberinyourdreamsuponawakening.D.Thinkbackonthethingsinyourdreamsdirectlyafteryouwakeup.41.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Totelltheimportanceofdreams.B.Toexplainourforgetfulnessindreams.C.Topresentsomemethodstorecalldreams.D.Toanalyzehowourbraindealwithinformation.【答案】37.C38.B39.B40.A41.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人们为什么会记不住自己做过的梦或对梦只是存在短期记忆，海马体起着重要的作用。同时对于大脑来说，普通的梦可能就像白日梦一样，被大脑认为是无用的，以至于记不住。文章末尾则提出了能够帮助回忆梦境的方法。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第六段内容“Dreams,especiallyordinaryones,maybejustlikedaydreamingthoughtsandbelievedbythebraintobetoouselesstoremember.”可知，梦，尤其是普通的梦，可能就像白日梦一样，被大脑认为是无用的，以至于记不住。故选C项。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第六段内容“Butdreamsthataremorevivid,emotionalandcoherentseemtobebetterremembered—perhapsbecausetheycausemoreawakening,andtheirorganizedstorymakesthemeasiertostore.(但更生动、更有情感、更连贯的梦似乎更容易被记住——也许是因为它们让人更清醒，而且它们有条理的故事更容易存储。)”可知，能够记住梦是因为这个梦是更生动，更有情感和更连贯的。故选B项。【39题详解】词句猜测题。分析可知，划线单词所在句“Whilethismightexplainwhydreammemoriesaresofleeting”句中的“this”应是指代前文内容“So,youcouldhavethiswindowwhereyouwakeupwithadreaminyourshort-termmemory,butsincethehippocampusisnotfullyawakeyet,yourbrainisnotabletokeepthatmemory(所以，你可能会有这样一个窗口，你在短期记忆中醒来时梦到了一个梦，但由于海马体还没有完全清醒，你的大脑无法保持这段记忆。)”根据前文内容可知，前文内容解释了为什么有关于梦的记忆，但无法保持的原因，也就是梦的记忆很短暂的原因，即“whydreammemoriesaresofleeting”，由此可推知，划线单词“fleeting”应是“短暂的”含义。故选B项。

13【40题详解】细节理解题。根据文章末尾段内容提出的建议“Thesemiddle-of-the-nightawakeningsarefrequentlyaccompaniedbydreamrecall.Repeatedlyremindingyourselfthatyouwanttorememberyourdreamsmayincreaseyourchances,andsodoeskeepingadreamjournal,somestudieshavesuggested.Uponwakingup,hangontothatfragiledreammemory:keepyoureyesclosed,staystillandreplaythedreammemory,untilyourhippocampuscatchesupandproperlystoresthememory.(这些半夜醒来经常伴随着梦的回忆。一些研究表明，反复提醒自己想要记住自己的梦可能会增加你成功的机会，记梦日记也有同样的效果。醒来后，抓住脆弱的梦境记忆：闭上眼睛，一动不动地重复梦境记忆，直到你的海马体跟上并正确存储这些记忆。)”可知，选项B“Keepremindingyourselfoftheneedtorememberyourdreams.(不断提醒自己要记住自己的梦。)”；C“Recordwhatyoucanrememberinyourdreamsuponawakening.(在你醒来的时候记录下你在梦里能记住的东西。)”；D“Thinkbackonthethingsinyourdreamsdirectlyafteryouwakeup.(在你醒来后直接回想你梦里的事情。)”为文章中提及的建议，选项A“Improvetheabilityofyourhippocampustocatchupinformation.(提高海马体捕捉信息的能力。)”并未提及。故选A项。【41题详解】推理判断题。通过阅读文章可知，文章第二段揭示了文章主题“Whiletheexactreasonofwhywecanhardlyrecallourdreamsisnotfullyknown,scientistshavegottensomeinsightintomemoryprocessesduringsleep,leadingtoseveralideasthatmayexplainourforgetfulness.(虽然我们几乎记不起梦境的确切原因还不完全清楚，但科学家们已经对睡眠期间的记忆过程有了一些了解，从而得出一些可能解释我们健忘的观点。)”可知，文章主要围绕“对梦的健忘”这一话题进行讲述，分析原因，并在末尾段落提出了能够帮助回忆梦境的方法，由此可推知，作者的目的是为了解释对梦健忘的原因。故选B项。第二节阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。Whydoyoufeelencouragedwhenyourteachergivesyouasmile?Howdoyouknowyourmotherisangrywhenshefrowns(皱眉)?Inbothcases,thepersonistellingussomethingnotwithwords,butwithfacialexpressions.Facialexpressionsareoneormoremovementsonaperson’sface,suchasfrowning,raisingone’seyebrows(眉毛)，andnoseandlip(嘴唇)movements.Theyexpresspeople’sfeelings.ScientistsatOxfordUniversityhaveshownthathumanshave80muscles(肌肉)ontheirfaces.Thesemusclescancreatemorethan7,000facialexpressions.However,therearesixmainkindsoffacialexpressionsthatarecommoninallcultures:happiness,sadness,surprise,fear,angeranddisgust(厌恶).

14Facialexpressionsareveryimportanttocommunication.OnestudyatUCLA,intheUS,showedthatinmostconversations,over93percentofthecommunicatingisdonewithoutspeaking.Ifpeoplecanreadfacialexpressions,theymaybebetteratknowingwhatotherpeoplearefeeling,sotheycanunderstandthembetter.Someonewhodoesnotenjoyacertaintypeoffoodusuallywillmakeafacewhenhe/sheseesortastesit.Afrownmeansworryoranger.Raisedeyebrowsandopeneyesshowsurprise.However,therearesometaboos(禁忌)forreadingpeople’sfacialexpressions.Forexample,itisnotagoodideatostareatsomeoneforalongtimewhilereadinghisorherfacialexpressions.Theymaythinkyouarerude.42.Whatarefacialexpressions?（不多于15个单词）43.Howmanyfacialexpressionscanourfacemusclescreate?（不多于5个单词）44.Whyarefacialexpressionsimportant?（不多于15个单词）45.Whatmayapersondowhenshe/hefeelssurprised?（不多于10个单词）46.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?（不多于5个单词）【答案】42.Facialexpressionsareoneormoremovementsonaperson’sface,whichexpresspeople’sfeelings.43.Morethan7,000.44.Over93percentofthecommunicatingisdonewithoutspeakinginmostconversations.45.Whenfeelingsurprised,onecanraiseeyebrowsoropeneyes.46.FacialExpression【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了面部表情的相关知识。【42题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Facialexpressionsareoneormoremovementsonaperson’sface,suchasfrowning,raisingone’seyebrows(眉毛)，andnoseandlip(嘴唇)movements.Theyexpresspeople’sfeelings.(面部表情是一个人面部的一个或多个动作，如皱眉、扬起眉毛、鼻子和嘴唇的动作。它们表达人们的感情。)”可知，面部表情是一个人面部的一个或多个动作，可以表达人们的感情。故答案为Facialexpressionsareoneormoremovementsonaperson’sface,whichexpresspeople’sfeelings.。【43题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Thesemusclescancreatemorethan7,000facialexpressions.(这些肌肉可以产生7000多种面部表情。)”可知，我们的面部肌肉能做出超过7000种面部表情。故答案为Morethan7,000。【44题详解】考查细节理解。根据第四段中“OnestudyatUCLA,intheUS,showedthatinmostconversations,over93percentofthecommunicatingisdonewithoutspeaking.(

15美国加州大学洛杉矶分校的一项研究表明，在大多数对话中，超过93%的交流是在不说话的情况下进行的。)”可知，在大多数对话中，超过93%的交流是在不用说话的情况下完成的，所以面部表情很重要。故答案为Over93percentofthecommunicatingisdonewithoutspeakinginmostconversations。【45题详解】考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中“Raisedeyebrowsandopeneyesshowsurprise.(扬起眉毛和瞪大眼睛表示惊讶。)”可知，当一个人感到惊讶时，他可能会扬起眉毛或瞪大眼睛。故答案为Whenfeelingsurprised,onecanraiseeyebrowsoropeneyes。【46题详解】考查主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Inbothcases,thepersonistellingussomethingnotwithwords,butwithfacialexpressions.(在这两种情况下，这个人都不是用语言，而是用面部表情告诉我们一些事情。)”以及下文对面部表情的描述和介绍，可知，这篇文章主要讲了关于面部表情的相关知识。故答案为FacialExpression。四、选词填空（共6小题，每题1分，共6分）句意，选择所给词或词组的适当形式填空，请将正确形式完整的写在相应题号后的横线上。选词填空convenient,graduatefrom,keepupwith,benefit,decorate,laptop47.Joeisalwayssittinginfrontofhis_____________toplaycomputergames.48.Lastyear,ZhangTian_____________universityandwantedtobeavolunteerteacherinasmallvillage.49.Long-distancerunninghasalotof_____________.50.Theotherteamjustcouldn’t_____________Paul’senergyandspeedduringthebasketballmatch.51.InChina,itisso_____________toshopforvariousthingsonline.52.Jenny'sparentslikeChineseculture,sotheyhaveboughtsomeChineseknots(中国结)to_____________theirnewhouse.【答案】47.laptop48.graduatedfrom49.benefit50.keepupwith51.convenient52.decorate

16【解析】本题考查词汇和短语的语境语法应用能力。【47题详解】考查名词。句意：乔总是坐在他的笔记本电脑前玩电脑游戏。根据空前“his”为形容词性物主代词可知，所选词应是名词，结合空后“toplaycomputergames”可知，应是用电脑打游戏。“laptop”，名词，意为“笔记本电脑”，符合句意。故填laptop。【48题详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：去年，张田从大学毕业，想去一个小村庄支教。分析可知，所选词应是动词或动词短语在句中作谓语，时态为一般过去时，结合后文“wantedtobeavolunteerteacher”可知，应是大学毕业后想要成为志愿者教师。“graduatefrom”，“毕业于”，符合语境。故填graduatedfrom。【49题详解】考查名词。句意：长跑有很多好处。根据空前“alotof”可知，所填空应是名词。结合句意“Long-distancerunning”可知，句意应是表达“长跑有很多好处”。“benefit”，不可数名词，意为“益处”，符合句意。故填benefit。【50题详解】考查动词短语。句意：在篮球赛中，另一个队就是跟不上保罗的精力和速度。空前“couldn’t”为情态动词，所选词应是动词或动词短语，用原形。结合后文“Paul’senergyandspeedduringthebasketballmatch”可知，应是表达在篮球比赛中跟不上球员的精力和速度。“keepupwith”，“赶得上”，符合句意。故填keepupwith。【51题详解】考查形容词。句意：在中国，在网上买各种东西是很方便的。空前“is”为系动词，所选词应是形容词作表语。结合后文“toshopforvariousthingsonline”可知，应是表达网上购物的便利。“convenient”，形容词，“方便的；便利的”，符合句意。故填convenient。【52题详解】考查动词。句意：珍妮的父母喜欢中国文化，所以他们买了一些中国结来装饰他们的新房子。根据空前“to”为不定式符号可知，所选词应是动词原形，动词不定式作目的状语。结合前文“theyhaveboughtsomeChineseknots”可知，中国结是用来装饰的。“decorate”，动词，“装饰”，符合句意。故填decorate。五、书面表达（满分20分）53.假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Eric发来邮件，向你询问你和家人是如何欢度春节的。请参考以下提示给Eric回复邮件，并谈谈你对春节的感受。字数50个左右。邮件开头和结尾已为你写好。

17•gotograndparents'house•attachFutothefrontdoor•talkaboutthepastyear•makejiaozi•watchfireworks•...DearEric,IamgladthatyouareinterestedinChineseSpringFestival.IwillsharemyexperiencesduringSpringFestivalwithyou.IhopeyouwillcometoChinasomedayandexperienceSpringFestivalinperson.Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua【答案】DearEric,IamgladthatyouareinterestedinChineseSpringFestival.IwillsharemyexperiencesduringSpringFestivalwithyou.Spring Festival is a great time for family reunions. This year,my parents and I wenttograndparents’house,enjoying the festival together. On that eve,we stayedat home to makejiaozi,after which we went outside to watchfireworks.Then wetalkedaboutthepastyearwhilewatchingtheSpringFestivalGala.On the morning of the New Year’s Day,we all got up very early to attachFutothefrontdoor,on which all good wishes are presented.IhopeyouwillcometoChinasomedayandexperienceSpringFestivalinperson.Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友Eric回复一份邮件，告诉他你和家人是如何欢度春节的，并谈谈你对春节的感受。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文

18时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般过去时。结构：总-分-总法要点：1.描述你和家人是如何欢度春节的；2.谈谈你对春节的感受。第二步：列提纲（重点词组）beinterestedin；theSpringFestival；family reunions；stayat home；watchfireworks；talkabout；theSpringFestivalGala；getup；good wishes；lookforwardto；第三步：连词成句1.IamgladthatyouareinterestedinChineseSpringFestival.2.IwillsharemyexperiencesduringSpringFestivalwithyou.3.Spring Festival is a great time for family reunions.4.This year,my parents and I wenttograndparents’house,enjoying the festival together. 5.On that eve,we stayedat home to makejiaozi,after which we went outside to watchfireworks.6.Then wetalkedaboutthepastyearwhilewatchingtheSpringFestivalGala.7.On the morning of the New Year’s Day,we all got up very early to attachFutothefrontdoor,on which all good wishes are presented.8.IhopeyouwillcometoChinasomedayandexperienceSpringFestivalinperson.9.Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：Then；after；2.表并列补充关系：and；Whatismore,Besides,Moreover（供参考）连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】[高分句型1] This year,my parents and I wenttograndparents’house,enjoying the festival together.（使用了现在分词作状语）[高分句型2]On that eve,we stayedat home to makejiaozi,after which we went outside to watchfireworks.（使用了由介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句）[高分句型3]On the morning of the New Year’s Day,we all got up very early to attachFutothefrontdoor,on which all good wishes are presented.（使用了由介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句）