吉林省长春市第八中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末英语试题（解析版）

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长春八中2022—2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题考试时间：120分钟分值：150第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)1.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?A.Walkaround.B.Makesometea.C.Lookforacafe.2.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Nurseandpatient.B.Husbandandwife.C.Waiterandcustomer3.Whydopeoplecometotherestaurant?A.Thepricesarelow.B.Thefoodisdelicious.C.Manyfamouspeoplecomehere.4.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisnewroommate?A.Friendlyandhappy.B.SadanddepressedC.Noisyandselfish5.Howdoesthemangettohisfriend’shouse?A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Bybike第二节(共15小题每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wherewillthespeakersgo?A.Thewoman’soffice.B.MsBates’office.C.Theman’soffice.7.Whowillreserveataxi?A.Theman.B.MsBates.C.Thewoman.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Englishlearning.B.Englishgrammar.C.Correctingmistakes.9.HowdoesthemanthinkofEnglishgrammar?A.Easy.B.Difficult.C.Justso-so.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whoownsaparrotnow?A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.Thewoman’sfather.11.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantohaveasapet?A.Adog.B.Acat.C.Abird.12.Whyarecatspopularpets?A.Theyareloyal.B.Theyareinteresting.C.Theyrequirelittlework.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。第18页/共18页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

113.Whatisthewoman’sproblem?A.Shedoesn’tlikechocolate.B.Shehasn’tgotherteethfixed.C.Herteetharesensitivetosweets14.Howdoesthewomantakecareofherteeth?A.Bybrushingherteeth3timesaday.B.Byusingspecialtoothpasteandtoothbrushes.C.Bydrinkingsweetenedicedteaandcoffee.15.Howoftendoesthewomangotothedentist?A.Every6weeks.B.Every6months.C.Onlywhenhavingatoothache.16.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Gotothedentistatonce.B.Choosefoodsanddrinkswisely.C.Enjoythemovieandthechocolate.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Wheredidthespeakerhavelunch?A.Onaplane.B.Nearthesea.C.Attheairport.18.WhendidthespeakerreachJapanaccordingtoherbodyclock?A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.19.Howlongdidthespeakerhavetostayawake?A.13hours.B.24hours.C.30hours.20.Whendidthespeakerfeelsickwithjetlag?A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)ACostaRicaisaCentralAmericancountry.It’sagreatcountrytotravelaroundandexplore!CallourCostaRicaProjectConsultant(顾问),KarenHerring,forfreeadviceonwhichvolunteerprojectwouldbebestforyou.+44(0)1903502595.Conservation(保护),CareandReleaseinEsparzaWorkwithaprojectlaunchedbyazoologicalparkandnon-profitorganization.You’llbeabletohelpwithvariouskindsofworktoprotectthesewonderfulanimals.CareforChildreninKindergartensandCareCentersinHerediaTeachandtakecareofchildreninkindergartensandcarecenters.You’llcareforchildrenrangingfrom2to5yearsold.TheactivitiesaremainlybasedonbasicEnglishlessonsandplayingeducationalgames.Apartfromgeneralcaring,youcanalsobeinvolvedinteachingthemthealphabet,colors,namesofanimals,etc.TeachEnglishandOtherSubjectstoChildreninSchoolsTeachinafewschoolsaroundHerediaandAlajuelaclosetothecapitalofSanJoseoratabeachtownalongthePacificCoast.YoucanhelpwithEnglish,Drama,Sport,MathsorMusic,particularlyifyouhaveaninterestin第18页/共18页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

2oneoftheseareas.You’llactasanassistanttotheregularEnglishteacher.YourBucketlistforCostaRica:*Zipline(飞索)overtheCloudForest*SeetheStoneSpheres*HiketoArenalVolcanoorPoasVolcanoonaclearday*EatdeliciousCostaRicandesserts*WalkthroughthestreetsofSanJose*BookaCoffeeTour*VisittheNationalTheatreandGoldMuseuminSanJose*ExploreasmanyNationalParksaspossible*TraveltoCocosIsland,aWorldHeritage(遗产)Site*CelebratethePuraVidaLife1.Ifyoulikeanimals,whichofthefollowingcanyoutakepartintheprojectin?A.HerediaB.Alajuela.C.Esparza.D.SanJose.2.WhatdovolunteerswhowanttoworkincarecentersinHerediahavetodo?A.Knowskillsinsports.B.Getalongwellwithteenagers.C.Helpcareforanimals.D.BegoodatEnglish.3.Whydoestheauthorwritethistext?ATointroducesomeprojectsinCostaRica.B.ToattractmorevisitorstoCostaRica.C.ToshowusdifferentplacesinCostaRica.D.TotelluswhattodotohelpthechildreninCostaRica.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在哥斯达黎加可以参加的几个志愿者项目。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Conservation(保护),CareandReleaseinEsparza”部分中“ You’llbeabletohelpwithvariouskindsofworktoprotectthesewonderfulanimals.(你可以帮助做各种各样的工作来保护这些奇妙的动物。)”可知，如果你喜欢动物，你可以参加Esparza的项目。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“CareforChildreninKindergartensandCareCentersinHeredia”部分中“TheactivitiesaremainlybasedonbasicEnglishlessonsandplayingeducationalgames.Apartfromgeneralcaring,youcanalsobeinvolvedinteachingthemthealphabet,colors,namesofanimals,etc.(活动主要以基础英语课和益智游戏为主。除了一般的照顾，你还可以教他们字母表、颜色、动物的名字等。)”可知，如果在Heredia工作，这里的课程是以基础英语为主，所以必须要擅长英语。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“CostaRicaisaCentralAmericancountry.It’sagreatcountrytotravelaround第18页/共18页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

3andexplore!CallourCostaRicaProjectConsultant(顾问),KarenHerring,forfreeadviceonwhichvolunteerprojectwouldbebestforyou.(哥斯达黎加是一个中美洲国家。这是一个值得四处旅行和探索的伟大国家！打电话给我们的哥斯达黎加项目顾问，KarenHerring，免费咨询哪个志愿者项目最适合你。)”可知，文章向读者介绍了在哥斯达黎加可以参加的几个志愿者项目。故选A。BContrarytopopularbelief,lookingatsomeone’sfacealoneisnotenoughtotelluswhethertheyareshoutingincelebrationorscreaminginfrustration,researchersclaimed.Whilepeoplemaybelievetheyhavetheabilitytoreadeachother’sfaces,bodylanguageistherealcluethatshowswhetherthestrongemotionssomeoneisfeelingarepositiveornegative.Inonestudy,groupsofparticipantswereshownaseriesoffacialexpressionssuchastennisplayersphotographedjustafterwinningorlosingapoint.Insomecasesthevolunteerswereabletoseetheplayer’sfullbody,butinotherstheywereonlyshowneithertheirfaceortheirbodywiththeotherremoved.Participantscouldclearlytellwhethertheplayerswerewinningorlosingwhenshownthefullpictureorjustthebody,buttheirguesseswerenobetterthanchancewhenbasedonthefacealone.Thosewhowereallowedtoseethefullimagewereconvincedthattheyhadmadetheirjudgmentbasedontheplayers’facialexpressionseventhoughresultsfromthetwoothergroupssuggestedotherwise.Theresearcherscarriedoutasecondstudywherevolunteerswereshownawiderrangeoffacesshowingemotionsincludingjoy,pleasure,victory,painanddefeat.Usingphotoeditingsoftware,theresearchersattachedthefacestobodiesexpressingtheoppositeemotionsandaskedparticipantstoactouttheemotionstheysawinthephotos.Theresultingposes(姿势)werelikethebodyposesinthephotographsbutnotthefacialexpressions,whichmeansthatpeoplebasetheirunderstandingofstrongemotionsonthebodyinsteadoftheface.Dr.Aviezer,wholedthestudy,said,“Theseresultsshowthatwhenemotionsbecomeextremelyintense,thedifferencebetweenpositiveandnegativefacialexpressionsbecomesunclear.Theresultsmayhelpresearchersunderstandhowthebodyinteractsduringemotionalsituations.”4.Nowadays,whatdomostpeopletendtobelieve?A.Someone’sbodylanguagehasaneffectonhisfeeling.B.Readingsomeone’sfacealonecannottellushisfeeling.C.Someone’sbodylanguageistheonlycluetohisfeeling.D.Someone’sfeelingcanbereadbyhisfacialexpressionsalone.5.Inthefirststudy,howmanykindsofphotoswereshowntoparticipants?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrasemeanaccordingtothepassage?A.Notclear.B.Alwaysperfect.C.Almostnotcorrect.D.Quitedifferent7.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Facialexpressionscanreflecttheemotionsclearly.B.Bodylanguageratherthanfacialexpressionsisthewindowofthesoul.第18页/共18页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

4C.Researcherslinkemotionstobodylanguageinsteadofeyes.D.Twostudiesfocusonthelinkbetweenbodylanguageandfacialexpressions.【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。最新的研究表明:通过观察别人的眼睛，人们并不能完全读懂他们的心情，但如果通过肢体语言，人体却能更好地了解。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一自然段“Contrarytopopularbelief,lookingatsomeone’sfacealoneisnotenoughtotelluswhethertheyareshoutingincelebrationorscreaminginfrustration,researchersclaimed.Whilepeoplemaybelievetheyhavetheabilitytoreadeachother’sfaces,(研究人员声称，与普遍的看法相反，仅仅看某人的脸不足以告诉我们他们是在庆祝还是在沮丧地尖叫。虽然人们可能相信自己有能力读懂对方的脸，)”可知，现在，大多数人倾向于认为一个人的情感可以通过他的面部表情来理解。故选D。5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三自然段“Insomecasesthevolunteerswereabletoseetheplayer’sfullbody,butinotherstheywereonlyshowneithertheirfaceortheirbodywiththeotherremoved.(在某些情况下，志愿者可以看到球员全身，但在其他情况下，他们只能看到他们的脸或身体。)”可知，在第一项研究中，向参与者展示了两种照片。故选B。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四自然段“Participantscouldclearlytellwhethertheplayerswerewinningorlosingwhenshownthefullpictureorjustthebody,(参与者可以清楚地分辨出玩家是赢了还是输了，无论是看完整的照片，还是只看身体，)”以及划线词所在句子中“buttheirguesses(但他们的猜测)”的转折含义可知，可知，参与者的猜测并不比仅凭脸部的猜测更准确。故划线部分nobetterthanchance意为“不准确”。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一自然段“Whilepeoplemaybelievetheyhavetheabilitytoreadeachother’sfaces,bodylanguageistherealcluethatshowswhetherthestrongemotionssomeoneisfeelingarepositiveornegative.(虽然人们可能相信自己有能力读懂对方的脸，但肢体语言是显示某人所感受到的强烈情绪是积极还是消极的真正线索。)”以及倒数第二段“Theresultingposes(姿势)werelikethebodyposesinthephotographsbutnotthefacialexpressions,whichmeansthatpeoplebasetheirunderstandingofstrongemotionsonthebodyinsteadoftheface.(生成的姿势就像照片中的身体姿势，而不是面部表情，这意味着人们对强烈情绪的理解是基于身体而不是面部。)”可知，本文主要介绍通过肢体语言，人们能更好地了解他人的情绪。故选B。CWetrulyarewhatweeat—andwhatourancestorsate.Foodhaschangedwhoweareandhowwedevelopedforhundredsofthousandsofyears.Fromprocessingtopreservingtocooking,whathumansdidandcontinuedtodotofoodplayedabigroleinshapingourevolution.“Processedfoodisn’tjustamoderninvention,createdinfactoriesfromartificialingredients.Itisasoldashumanityitselfandmayhavehelpedcreateourspecies,”wrote第18页/共18页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

5NicolaTemple,authorof“BestBefore:TheEvolutionandFutureofProcessedFood,”fortheBBC.Althoughprocessingisviewednegativelynowadays,itwasimportanttoourdevelopmentasaspecies.Processingdoesn’tnecessarilymeanaddingchemicals—italsoincludespounding(捣碎)orslicingorchangingthefoodinanywaybeforeeating.Comparedtoourancestors,modernhumanteeth,jawsandfaceshavegottensmallerrelativetooverallskull(头骨)sizebecauseofmakingfoodeasiertochew,especiallyfromcooking.Cookingfoodwasoneofthebiggestchangesinhumanhistory.Researchersbelieveitcouldhaveoccurredbetween1.8millionand400,000yearsago,HarvardprofessorRichardWranghamsaid,accordingto“NationalGeographic.”Cookingincreasestheenergyandnutrientswegetfromfood.Withoutcooking,anaveragepersonwouldhavetoeataround5kilosofrawfoodtosurvive—andwe’dhavetospendmostofthedaychewing.Also,upto50percentofwomenwhoonlyeatrawfoodsdevelopaconditionthatsignalsthatthebodycannotsupportapregnancy—amajorproblemfromanevolutionaryangle,accordingto“ScientificAmerican.”Processingfoodledtoahugegaininfreetime.Thelesstimepeoplespentchewing,themoretimetheyhadtodevelopcomplexspokenlanguage.Cookingfoodalsobreaksdownitscells,soourstomachsneedtoworklesstoabsorbthenutrientsourbodiesrequire,which,saidProfessorPeterWheelerfromLiverpoolJohnMooresUniversity,UK,“freedupenergythatcouldthenbeusedtopoweralargerbrain.Theincreaseinbrainsizemirrorsthereductioninthesizeofthegut(肠道).”Processedfoodliterallyshapedusasaspeciesandmadeushuman—theonlyspeciesonEarthwhocancook.8.Whatistheauthor’sviewaboutfoodprocessing?A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Neutral.D.Unclear.9.Whatresultcancookingbringtopeople?A.Makingpeoplegainmoreweight.B.Makingpeopleburnmoreenergy.C.MakingpeoplechewformoretimeD.Makingpeoplesavetimewhenchewing.10.Whichofthefollowingistheadvantageofcookingforwomen?A.Theycanhavebabiesmoreeasily.B.Theycanlearnnewlanguages.C.Theyspendlesstimeinprocessingfood.D.Theyhavemoretimetodowhattheylike.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Whetherweshouldprocessfood.B.Foodandhumanevolution.C.Thebenefitsofcookingfood.D.Thewaywecookfoodchanges.【答案】8.A9.D10.A11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。人如其食，也如其祖先食。千百年来，食物改变了我们自己，也改变了我们的发展方式。从加工、保存到烹饪，人类曾经以及未来对待食物的方式在我们进化过程中发挥着重要作用。本文主要介绍了人类对待食物方式的改变对人类进化的意义。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一自然段“Fromprocessingtopreservingtocooking,whathumansdidandcontinuedtodotofoodplayedabigroleinshapingourevolution.(从加工、保存到烹饪，人类曾经以及未来对待食物的方式在我们进化过程中发挥着重要作用。)”可知，作者对食品加工持肯定态度。A.Positive.积极的；肯定的；B.Negative.消极的；C.Neutral.中立的；D.Unclear.不清楚的。故选A。第18页/共18页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

6【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三自然段“Cookingincreasestheenergyandnutrientswegetfromfood.Withoutcooking,anaveragepersonwouldhavetoeataround5kilosofrawfoodtosurvive—andwe’dhavetospendmostofthedaychewing.(烹饪使我们能从食物中获得更多能量与营养物质。英国广播公司报道称，如果不进行烹饪的话，一个人平均（每天）要吃约5公斤的生食才能生存，而且我们还要花上大半天的时间咀嚼食物。)”可知，烹饪能让人们在咀嚼时节省时间。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四自然段“Also,upto50percentofwomenwhoonlyeatrawfoodsdevelopaconditionthatsignalsthatthebodycannotsupportapregnancy—amajorproblemfromanevolutionaryangle,accordingto“ScientificAmerican.”(此外，据《科学美国人》杂志报道，在只吃生食的女性中，高达50%的人身体无法生育——从进化的角度来看，这是一大问题。)”可知，女性通过烹饪可以更容易地怀上孩子。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一自然段“Fromprocessingtopreservingtocooking,whathumansdidandcontinuedtodotofoodplayedabigroleinshapingourevolution.(从加工、保存到烹饪，人类曾经以及未来对待食物的方式在我们进化过程中发挥着重要作用。)”和最后一段“Processedfoodliterallyshapedusasaspeciesandmadeushuman—theonlyspeciesonEarthwhocancook.(Processedfoodliterallyshapedusasaspeciesandmadeushuman—theonlyspeciesonEarthwhocancook.)”可知，本文主要介绍了人类加工食物对人类进化的意义。故B项“Foodandhumanevolution.(食物与人类进化)”最能概括文章主旨。故选B。DWhenyoulookthroughFacebook,youcanseepostsaboutsimplestretchestomakethebackpainless,howtomakeapplepie,andhowtobesingleandhappy.OrifyougoonYoutube,youcanfindfashionexpertstalkingaboutmakeuptips,orYoutubersteachingplayingtheguitar.Butthosestretchingexercises,thewaytomakeapplepie,howtobehappybeingsingle,howtomakeup,andhowtoplaytheguitarbetterarethingsthatmostpeoplenevermasterdoingattheend.Technologyhasbroughtasurplus(过剩)ofinformationtotheworld,butithasn’tmadepeoplesmarter.Onaverage,peoplespend50minutesperdayonFacebookalone.Beingexposedtothissurplusinformationisnotthesameasinternalizing(内在化)theinformationreally,soitdoesn’tmakepeoplebetteratthinking,understandingandlearning.Today,thequalityoftheknowledgeissacrificedforquantity.There’sdisequilibriumbetweentheinformationweaccessandtheinformationthatweuse.Thechase(追求)formoreinformationisexcitingtoo.ThedesiretokeepupsendsmostpeoplelookingthroughFacebookonafrequentbasis.Peoplearetroubledbythefearofmissingout.Mostareuptodateonimpressivestories,andaresharinglikemadonFacebookandWhatsApp,butconvenientaccesstoknowledgeisnoreplacementfordeeplearningthrougheffortandconcentration.Onlyverylittleoftheeasily-accessedinformationhavepeoplereallyappliedintheirlives.Whileit’dbeperfecttoabsorbandapply100%oftheinformation,it’snotquitepossible.Ifyouwanttohangontoinformationforalongtime,you’llneedtobeselectiveaboutwhatyouchoosetoabsorb.Getabrainfilter(过滤器).LookingthroughtheInternetisapassiveformofknowledgeacquisition(第18页/共18页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

7知识的获得).Theamountofinformationthatyoucanaccessisalwaysgoingtobemorethanyoucanprocess.Tofocusontheinformationyoutakein,removetheinformationthatdoesn’tmakeyoubecomebetterthanbefore.Whatmustyoulearntobesuccessful?Takingthissimplestepenablesyoutopassoverunrelatedinformation.Knowledgeisn’tusefuluntilyoucanapplyit.Ifyouaretryingtolearnanewskill,you’llhavetodothethingsthatyou’vereadaboutinyourresearch.Untilyou’vemademanyattemptstomastertheski-trickyousawonYoutube,youhaven’tinternalizedit.Whenyoucanlandthetrickwithoutthinkingorrecallinformationwithoutstruggling,itisyours.Truelearningisnotalwayseasy.You’llexperiencestrugglesasyoudealwithnewchallengesandgothroughtheDigitalAge.12.Whydoesn’texposuretothesurplusinformationmakepeoplesmarter?A.Becausepeopletakeinsomeuselessinformation.B.BecausepeopleignoretherealvalueofinformationC.Becausepeopledon’tmastertheinformationtruly.D.Becausepeoplehavenoabilitytoselectusefulinformation.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disequilibrium”mean?A.Division.B.Link.C.Comparison.D.Imbalance.14.Whatdoyouknowaboutthebrainfilter?A.Itwillhelpyouupdatetheinformation.B.Itwillmakethebrainabsorbmoreinformation.C.Itspurposeistofilteroutinformationthatwon’timproveyou.D.Itcanbringsomeunrelatedinformationtothebrain.15.WhatdoestheexampleofskiinginPara.6suggest?A.Informationshouldbetakenintotherealworldandbeapplied.B.Knowledgeisonlymeanttobeknown,notbeapplied.C.Informationabsorptiondiffersfrompracticalapplication.D.Mostpeoplehaveneverlearnedhowtolearnproperly.【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是在当今的信息时代，你获得了大量的信息，但这并不等于你掌握了相关技能，将知识内化为自己的东西还需要你坚持练习。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Butthosestretchingexercises,thewaytomakeapplepie,howtobehappybeingsingle,howtomakeup,andhowtoplaytheguitarbetterarethingsthatmostpeoplenevermasterdoingattheend.(但是那些伸展运动，做苹果派的方法，单身时如何快乐起来，如何化妆，以及如何更好地弹吉他，这些事情大多数人到最后都没有掌握)”和第二段的“Beingexposedtothissurplusinformationisnotthesameasinternalizing(内在化)theinformationreally,soitdoesn’tmakepeoplebetteratthinking,understandingandlearning.(接触这些多余的信息并不等同于内化这些信息，所以这并不能让人们更好地思考、理解和学习)”可知，接触多余的信息不能让人更聪明是因为人们并没有真正掌握信息。故选C。【13题详解】第18页/共18页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

8词句猜测题。根据最后一段的“Onlyverylittleoftheeasily-accessedinformationhavepeoplereallyappliedintheirlives.(在这些容易获取的信息中，只有很少一部分真正被人们应用到生活中)”可知，划线词所在的句子表示“我们获取的信息和我们使用的信息之间存在着不平衡”，划线词disequilibrium的意思是“不平衡”，和imbalance意思相近，故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Theamountofinformationthatyoucanaccessisalwaysgoingtobemorethanyoucanprocess.Tofocusontheinformationyoutakein,removetheinformationthatdoesn’tmakeyoubecomebetterthanbefore.(你能获取的信息量总是大于你能处理的信息量。要专注于你吸收的信息，删除那些不能让你变得比以前更好的信息)”可知，大脑过滤器的目的是过滤掉不能帮助你提高的信息。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Knowledgeisn’tusefuluntilyoucanapplyit.Ifyouaretryingtolearnanewskill,you’llhavetodothethingsthatyou’vereadaboutinyourresearch.(知识只有能应用才有用。如果你想学习一项新技能，你必须做你在研究中读到的事情)”可推断出，第6段中滑雪的例子说明了信息应该被带入现实世界并加以应用。故选A。第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)Therearesomanymoreusesforlemonsthanjustbeingasweetenerforyourwater(althoughtherearesomegreathealthbenefitsoflemonwater).Thebelovedfruitcanactasacleaningsolution,abeautyfix,andevenateethwhiteningsolution.____16____?Byjustbreathinginthesmellofalemon,____17____.Someoftheseincludereducedanxietylevelsandstress,anoverallcalmingfeeling,increasedalertness(警觉),reductionofbloodpressure,andincreasedproductivity.“The‘healthbenefits’thateveryonearetalkingaboutisactuallyjusttheeffectofaromatherapy(芳香疗法),”DianeElizabeth,founderofSkinCareOx,told“Reader’sDigest”.“Theideaisthatifyouplaceslicesofalemonnexttoyourbed,____18____.Lemonhasbeenusedasapowerfularomatherapybasicoilforagesandtheyhavebeenconsideredtoberelatedtosuchbenefitsasincreasedconcentration,reducedstresslevels(mostlikelytheresultofincreasedserotonin(血清素)production),andacomfortingeffectonthebreathingsystem.”Whilemostofthebenefitsofsleepingwithacutlemonnexttoyouarehealth-related,____19____.Oneofthemiskeepingantsaway—ifyouhaveanantproblem,simplyputthecutlemon’sjuicenearoraroundanypossibleentry.Lemonsalsoactasnaturalairfresheners—sowhilethatlemonisnearyourbed____20____,fresheningtheairaroundyouandprovidingnaturalaromatherapy.A.it’splayingdoubledutyB.there’sacoupleofotherbenefits,tooC.howcanlemonshavesomanybenefitsD.yourbodyexperiencesmostofitsbeneficialpurposesE.thenyouwillbreatheintheslightsmelloflemonsatnightF.Havewenotsucceededinconvincingyouthatyouneedmorelemonsinyourlife第18页/共18页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

9G.Butdidyouknowthatsleepingnexttoacutlemoncangetsomeofthesebenefitsaswell【答案】16.G17.D18.E19.B20.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。将切开的柠檬放在床边会对人的身心健康和周围的环境有很好的好处。【16题详解】根据空格的位置可知，空格处的句子是一个承上启下的句子。根据下文的内容，尤其是第三段的第一句“Whilemostofthebenefitsofsleepingwithacutlemonnexttoyouarehealth-related,　　　4　　.（尽管睡觉时旁边放个切开的柠檬的好处大都和健康有关……）”和最后一段“Lemonsalsoactasnaturalairfresheners—sowhilethatlemonisnearyourbed　　　　5　　　　,fresheningtheairaroundyouandprovidingnaturalaromatherapy.（柠檬还可以作为天然的空气清新剂，所以当柠檬靠近你的床时，……可以清新你周围的空气，并提供天然的芳香疗法）”可知，本文的主要内容说的是将切开的柠檬放在床边会对人的身心健康和周围的环境有很好的作用。所以将G项“Butdidyouknowthatsleepingnexttoacutlemoncangetsomeofthesebenefitsaswell（但你知道睡在切开的柠檬旁边也能获得这些好处吗?）”填入空格处可以引领下文。故选G项。【17题详解】根据空格前的部分“Byjustbreathinginthesmellofalemon（通过呼吸柠檬的气味）”和空格后的句子“Someoftheseincludereducedanxietylevelsandstress,anoverallcalmingfeeling,increasedalertness(警觉),reductionofbloodpressure,andincreasedproductivity.（其中包括降低焦虑水平和压力，整体平静的感觉，提高警觉性，降低血压，提高生产力）”可知，空格处的句子应该说的是呼吸柠檬气味对人的健康的好处。所以将D项“yourbodyexperiencesmostofitsbeneficialpurposes（你的身体就能体验到大部分有益的功能）”填入空格处，符合题意。故选D项。【18题详解】根据空格前的条件状语从句“ifyouplaceslicesofalemonnexttoyourbed（如果你把柠檬片放在床边）”可知，空格处的内容肯定是说把柠檬放在床边的好处，所以将E项“thenyouwillbreatheintheslightsmelloflemonsatnight（那么晚上你就会呼吸到柠檬的轻微气味）”填入空格处符合题意。故选E项。【19题详解】根据空格前的让步状语从句“Whilemostofthebenefitsofsleepingwithacutlemonnexttoyouarehealth-related（尽管睡觉时旁边放个切开的柠檬的好处大都和健康有关）”和空格后的句子“Oneofthemiskeepingantsaway—ifyouhaveanantproblem,simplyputthecutlemon’sjuicenearoraroundanypossibleentry.（其中之一是驱走蚂蚁——如果你有蚂蚁问题，只需把切好的柠檬的汁放在任何可能的入口附近或周围）”可知，空格处的句子应该说柠檬对健康以外的作用，所以将B项“there’sacoupleofotherbenefits,too（但还有其他一些好处）”填入空格处和下文是顺接关系。故选B项。【20题详解】空格后的部分“fresheningtheairaroundyouandprovidingnaturalaromatherapy（清新你周围的空气，并提供天然的芳香疗法）”说的是柠檬的两个方面的作用，A项“it’splayingdoubleduty（它有双重作用）”填入空格处和下文是顺承关系，A项中的双重作用就是指下文的两个作用。故选A项。第18页/共18页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

10第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)ItwasChristmasEve.Arrivinghome,Iwasgreetedwithalotofunattractivemail,which____21____anotherwiseneatdiningroomtableset____22____theeveningmeal.Thefirstletterwasanunexpectedbill,andthentherewasthe____23____ofaparkingfine(罚金)topay.Iwasfeelingpretty____24____atthisstage.Then,fromthepile,Inoticedasmaller,distinctiveenvelopeandimmediatelyIwas____25____.IopeneditquicklyandaprettyChristmascardslidout.Tomy____26____,itwasfrommythree-year-oldson.Itsays,“MerryChristmas!Daddy,youarealwaysthebest!Iloveyou!”Iwas____27____totears.What’smore,Ilaterfoundoutthatthecardhadbeen____28____prayerfully(虔诚地)forseveralweeksbeforeChristmas.Anditreachedmyhandatthe____29____time.Iknewmysonwrotethiscardwithmywife’s_____30_____,butitwasjustwhathereallyfelt.Itisasmallgiftbutthesmallthing_____31_____love.Ithasreallyimprovedourfamily_____32_____.Thesmallgiftcostsonlyalittlemoneyandtime_____33_____manyofusforgettodoitorare_____34_____todoit.Whynot?Notonlyarefamilymembers_____35_____bythewordsincards,butalsothefamilyrelationshipbecomesmoreharmonious.Smallgiftsprovetobeofgreatsignificanceforinspiringpeopletomarchontheirjourneysinlife.21.A.addedtoB.belongedtoC.madeupD.messedup22.A.afterB.forC.underD.without23.A.advertisementB.pictureC.reminderD.sign24.A.upsetB.goodC.calmD.embarrassed25.A.madB.worriedC.curiousD.frightened26.A.disappointmentB.regretC.satisfactionD.surprise27.A.movedB.troubledC.impressedD.hurt28.A.translatedB.keptC.knownD.studied29.A.wrongB.sameC.rightD.first30.A.permissionB.inspectionC.careD.assistance31.A.requiresB.deservesC.communicatesD.gains32.A.sizeB.timeC.incomeD.relationship33.A.soB.butC.andD.though34.A.unwillingB.afraidC.gladD.ready35.A.informedB.encouragedC.warnedD.instructed【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.A25.C26.D27.A28.B29.C30.D31.C32.D33.B34.A35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在平安夜拖着疲惫的身体回家，看到餐桌上一堆毫无吸引力的邮件，作者沮丧至极。但是三岁儿子的制作的圣诞卡把作者感动得热泪盈眶。这份小小的礼物，传达着爱，改善了作者的家庭关系。【21题详解】第18页/共18页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

11考查动词短语辨析。句意：到家后，迎接我的是一大堆毫无吸引力的邮件，它们把原本整洁的餐厅餐桌弄得乱七八糟。A.addedto增加；B.belongedto属于；C.madeup化妆；编造；组成；D.messedup搞乱。根据下文“anotherwiseneatdiningroomtable”可知，此处指把原本整洁的餐厅餐桌弄得乱七八糟。故选D。【22题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.after在……之后；B.for为了；C.under在……下面；D.without没有。根据下文“theeveningmeal”可知，此处指为晚餐准备好的餐桌。setforsth.意为“为……做准备”。故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一封信是一个意外的账单，然后是停车罚款的提醒。A.advertisement广告；B.picture图片；C.reminder提醒；D.sign标记。根据常识可知，此处指停车罚款的提醒。故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在这个阶段感到很不安。A.upset沮丧的；B.good好的；C.calm冷静的；D.embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文“alotofunattractivemail”、“anunexpectedbill以及“aparkingfine(罚金)topay”可知，作者收到这么多毫无吸引力的邮件，肯定会感到沮丧不安。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，从那堆东西中，我注意到一个更小的、与众不同的信封，我立刻感到好奇。A.mad疯的；B.worried担忧的；C.curious好奇的；D.frightened害怕的。根据上文“asmaller,distinctiveenvelope”可知，这个与众不同的信封让作者感到好奇。故选C。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这是我三岁的儿子寄来的。A.disappointment失望；B.regret遗憾；C.satisfaction满意；D.surprise惊讶。根据下文“itwasfrommythree-year-oldson”可知，这封信是作者三岁的儿子寄来的，所以肯定很惊讶。故选D。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感动得热泪盈眶。A.moved感动的；B.troubled担忧的；C.impressed印象深刻的；D.hurt受伤害的。根据上文““MerryChristmas!Daddy,youarealwaysthebest!Iloveyou!””以及常识可知，作者肯定感动得热泪盈眶。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，我后来发现这张卡片在圣诞节前已经被虔诚地保存了好几个星期。A.translated翻译；B.kept保留；保存；C.known知道；D.studied研究。根据下文“Anditreachedmyhandatthe____9____time.”可知，作者发现这张卡片在圣诞节前已经被虔诚地保存了好几个星期。故选B。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它在正确的时间到达了我的手中。A.wrong错误的；B.same相同的；C.right合适的；D.first第一个。根据上文“ItwasChristmasEve.”可知，这张卡片在正确的时间到达了作者手中。故选C。第18页/共18页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

12【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道我儿子在我妻子的帮助下写了这张卡片，但这正是他真正的感受。A.permission许可；B.inspection检查；C.care照顾；D.assistance帮助。根据常识可知，三岁的儿子肯定是在妈妈的帮助下写了这张卡片。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一份小小的礼物，但小东西传达着爱。A.requires需要；B.deserves值得；C.communicates交流；传达；D.gains收获。根据下文“Notonlyarefamilymembers____15____bythewordsincards,butalsothefamilyrelationshipbecomesmoreharmonious.”可知，这份小小的礼物传达着爱。故选C。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这确实改善了我们的家庭关系。A.size尺寸；B.time时间；C.income收入；D.relationship关系。根据下文“Notonlyarefamilymembers____15____bythewordsincards,butalsothefamilyrelationshipbecomesmoreharmonious.”可知，这张卡片改善了作者的家庭关系。故选D。【33题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：小礼物只需要一点钱和时间，但我们中的许多人忘记了做或不愿意做。A.so因此；B.but但是；C.and而且；D.though尽管；然而。根据上文“Thesmallgiftcostsonlyalittlemoneyandtime”以及空后“Whynot?”可知，我们中的许多人忘记了做或不愿意做，所以上下文是转折关系。故选B。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.unwilling不愿意的；B.afraid害怕的；C.glad满意的；D.ready准备好的。根据上文“forgettodoit”下文“Whynot?”可知，我们中的许多人忘记了做或不愿意做。故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不仅家人被卡片上的文字所鼓舞，而且家庭关系也变得更加和谐。A.informed告知；B.encouraged鼓励；C.warned警告；D.instructed指示。根据下文“Smallgiftsprovetobeofgreatsignificanceforinspiringpeopletomarchontheirjourneysinlife.(事实证明，小礼物对于激励人们踏上人生旅程具有重要意义。)”可知，家人被卡片上的文字所鼓舞。故选B。第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Aherd(兽群)of14wildAsianelephants____36____(wander)aroundinSouthwestChina’sYunnanprovinceisapproachingtheirtraditionalhabitat.Atabout8pmonAugust8,theseelephantscrossedtheYuanjiangRiverwithartificialguidance,accordingtotheheadquarters(总部)inchargeofobservingtheirmigration.TheherdcouldnothavecrossedtheYuanjiangRiverwithouthelpasthewaterlevelrisesintherainyseason.Moreeffortswillbemade____37____(ensure)thesecurityoftheherdontheirwayback,accordingtotheheadquarters.第18页/共18页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

13It____38____(be)around17monthssincetheherdlefttheir____39____(origin)habitatinanaturereserveinYunnan’sXishuangbannaDaiAutonomousPrefecture.WildAsianelephants,aspeciesin____40____rainforest,areunderA-levelstate____41____(protect)inChina.Theymainlyfeed____42____understory(下层)plantssuchaswildbananas.Theycan____43____(replace)bynumerousnon-ediblewoodyplants____44____(gradual)thatfacilitateforestexpansion,saidXiangRuwu,awildlifeofficialwiththelocalbureauofforestry.Thankstostrongerenvironmentalandwildlifeconservationefforts,theyhavepavedthewayforsavingthewildelephants,_____45_____populationinthecountryhasgrowntoabout300sofar.【答案】36.wandering37.toensure38.is##hasbeen39.original40.the41.protection42.on43.bereplaced44.gradually45.whose【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了云南亚洲象迁徙事件。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国西南部的云南省，一群14头野生亚洲象正在接近它们的传统栖息地。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作定语。被修饰名词短语Aherd(兽群)of14wildAsianelephants与动词wander是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词。故填wandering。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：总部表示，将做出更多努力，确保牛群在返回途中的安全。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作状语。根据句意，此处“确保牛群在返回途中的安全”是目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填toensure。【38题详解】考查动词时态。句意：这群大象离开云南西双版纳傣族自治州自然保护区的原始栖息地大约17个月了。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。“Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since从句(从句用一般过去时)”是固定句型，表示“自……以来已有多长时间了”。故填is或hasbeen。39题详解】考查形容词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词，修饰名词habitat。origin的形容词形式为original，意为“原始的；最初的”。故填original。【40题详解】考查冠词。句意：野生亚洲象是雨林中的一个物种，在中国受到A级国家保护。分析句子可知，空格处应填入冠词，此处特指雨林，应用定冠词。故填the。【41题详解】第18页/共18页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

14考查名词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作宾语。“under+名词”表示“在……中”，protect的名词形式为protection。故填protection。【42题详解】考查介词。句意：它们主要以野生香蕉等林下植物为食。feedonsth.固定短语，意为“以……为食”。故填on。【43题详解】考查动词语态。句意：当地林业局野生动物官员项汝武表示，它们可以逐渐被许多非食用木本植物所取代，从而促进森林扩张。根据句意“它们可以逐渐被许多非食用木本植物所取代”可知，此处应用被动语态。空格前已有情态动词can，此处应用“be+过去分词”。故填bereplaced。【44题详解】考查副词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词修饰动词。故填gradually。【45题详解】考查定语从句。句意：由于加强了环境和野生动物保护工作，他们为拯救野生大象铺平了道路，到目前为止，该国的野生大象数量已增至约300头。分析句子可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是thewildelephants，指物，且关系词在定语从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose。故填whose。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，得知你校交换生Jack在寻找一名汉语学习搭档（Chinesestudypartner）。请你给他写一封应征信，内容包括：1.写信目的；2.个人简介（性格优点、语言优势等）；3.期待回复。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearJack,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJack,I’mLiHua,astudentofGradeTwoinourschool.LearningthatyouarelookingforaChinesestudypartner,第18页/共18页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

15I’mwritingtorecommendmyself.Firstofall,asafriendlyandoutgoingperson,Ilovemakingfriendsandhelpingthemwiththeirstudies.Besides,IcanspeakbothChineseandEnglishfluently,whichmakesiteasyforustocommunicate.Moreimportantly,inmysparetime,IlovereadingbooksaboutChineseandwesternculturesandcustoms.Ibelievewe’llpromoteeachotherinlanguagelearningifyouchoosemeasyourpartner.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定你是李华，得知你校交换生Jack在寻找一名汉语学习搭档（Chinesestudypartner），请你给他写一封应征信。【详解】1.词汇积累推荐：recommend→nominate交流：communicate→interchange空余时间：sparetime→freetime此外：Besides=Inaddition2.句式拓展同义句原句：Besides,IcanspeakbothChineseandEnglishfluently,whichmakesiteasyforustocommunicate.拓展句：Besides,IcanspeakbothChineseandEnglishfluently,makingiteasyforustocommunicate.【点睛】[高分句型1]Besides,IcanspeakbothChineseandEnglishfluently,whichmakesiteasyforustocommunicate.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]Ibelievewe’llpromoteeachotherinlanguagelearningifyouchoosemeasyourpartner.(运用了省略that的宾语从句和if引导的条件状语从句)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Iwentouttohavelunchthismorningtomeetanoldfriend.Wemadeadateinasmallandpeacefulrestaurant.Wehadn’tseeneachotherforsometime.SoIwaslookingforwardtoit,andthoughtitwouldbealovelylunchandawonderfulconversation.Idressedmyselfinmyfavoritedressanddidmyhairup.Everythingseemedperfect.WhenmyoldfriendandIwereseated,wefirstorderedourmeal.Butthereseemedtobesomethingwrongwiththeladywhotookourorder.Herexpressionwashorribleandshesaidrudely,“What’syourorder?”“Adishoffishandsomerice”,Itoldherourorderinagentlevoice.Shetookmyorderandgavemethesameunfriendlyattitudeasshehadgiventoothers.Thewoman’sbadattitudemademeuncomfortable.ConsideringthatIdidn'twantanythingtodestroythehappymoodsthatwehad,Ididn'tsayanythingelse.第18页/共18页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

16AsmyfriendandIwerehavingourmealandtalkingaboutthethingsthathappenedbefore,myminddidn’tfocusonourtalking.Ijustnoticedthelady’sbehaviorstoothercustomers.ShewasnotinagoodmoodandshegotintoafightwithacustomerbutIdidn’tknowwhy.Whenitcametomyturntoapproachher,Ithoughttomyself,“WhatcanIdoheretomakehermoodchangedandmakehersmile?”AndIdidn’twantherattitudetospoilthewholewarmatmosphereinthissmallpeacefulrestaurant.SurelytheremustbesomethingIcouldsincerelycompliment(赞扬)heron.ThenthereitwasandIknewinstantly.Isaidtoher,“Madam,Idon’tknowwhatmadeyousounhappy,butIknowthatyoumusthavethemostincrediblywellspokenandclearvoice.Itissogood.Likeincrediblygood.”ThatwaswhatIcouldcomplimentheron.Paragraph1:WhensheheardwhatIhadsaid,herwholefacelitup.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:IwentbacktomyseatandInoticedthelady’swholeattitudechanged.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】OnepossibleversionWhensheheardwhatIhadsaid,herwholefacelitup.Shesmiledandsaidtomepolitelythatshefeltverysorrybecauseofherbadmoodtoday.Icouldseehersadnessthroughhereyes.Shecontinuedthattherewasreallysomethingwronghappeningtoher.Hersongotsickandhermoodwasreallyterrible.Ipattedherontheshoulder.Shesaid“Thankyou”tomeinafriendlyvoice.Icouldn’tknowhowtocomforthersoIjustsaid,“Itdoesn’tmatter.”IwentbacktomyseatandInoticedthelady’swholeattitudechanged.Shesmiledatthecustomersandtooktheirordersinaclearervoice.Thecustomersbehindmereceivedatotallydifferentkindofservice.Theladylookedatmefromtimetotime.WhenIwashavingthebill,shecametome,saying“Thismealisonmetoday.”Iwasverysurprisedandhappy,butIstoppedher.AndIsaidtoher,“Ihaveareallymeaningfulandwonderfulmealwithmyfriendtoday.Thankyou.”【解析】第18页/共18页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

17【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者与朋友在餐厅吃饭，遇到服务员服务态度不好，甚至与顾客发生冲突，作者的善意夸赞她的优点，让她的态度有所转变的经历。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“她听了我的话，整张脸都亮了。”可知，第一段可描写作者帮助她转变服务态度，她说出了自己服务态度不好的原因是孩子生病非常严重导致心情不好。②由第二段首句内容“我回到座位上，留意到这位女士的服务态度发生了改变”可知，第二段可描写服务员对作者表达感激，改变了服务态度，更好地服务顾客。2.续写线索：帮助——苦衷——抱歉——态度转变——感激3.词汇激活行为类①帮助：help/giveahand②抱歉：feelsorry/feelapologetic情绪类①态度转变：changeattitude/changeone’stune②感激：thank/gratitude【点睛】[高分句型1]Shesmiledandsaidtomepolitelythatshefeltverysorrybecauseofherbadmoodtoday.（由连接词that引导的宾语从句作said的宾语）[高分句型2]WhenIwashavingthebill,shecametome,saying“Thismealisonmetoday.”（由连接词when引导时间状语从句）第18页/共18页学科网（北京）股份有限公司