英语四级预测试卷听力(三) sectionB

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英语四级预测试卷听力(三)sectionBSectionB　　PassageOne　　Questions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.　　26.[A]Socialchallenge.[B]Physicalchallenge.　　[C]Economicchallenge.[D]Intellectualchallenge.　　27.[A]Paintingapicture.[B]Buildingpyramids.　　[C]Exploringthespace.[D]Makingplansfortransportation.　　28.[A]Theyignorethem.[B]Theyareafraidofthem.　　[C]Theyacceptandenjoythem.[D]Theyareindifferenttothem.　　PassageTwo　　Questions29to31arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.　　29.[A]Iteliminatedmanyfactoryjobs.　　[B]Itallowedworkerstolivefarfromtheirjobs.　　[C]Itgaveworkersopportunityforbettertraining.　　[D]Itallowedworkerstospendmoretimeathome.　　30.[A]Increasedtransportationcosts.　　[B]Thelackofaqualifiedsalesforce.　　[C]Adeclineinthenumberofcustomers.　　[D]Difficultyintransportingmerchandise.　　31.[A]Becausepropertyismorevaluableinthecity.　　[B]Becausepricesarehigherindowntownstores.　　[C]Becausejobopportunitiesarebetterinthecity.　　[D]Becausehighwaycommutinghasbecomeunpleasant.　　PassageThree　　Questions32to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.　　32.[A]Thegoodpointsofthefederalsystem.　　[B]Howpowerisdividedunderthefederalsystem.　　[C]Thedifferencebetweenthecentralgovernmentandthestates.　　[D]Thedifferentfunctionsofthecentralgovernmentandthestates.　　33.[A]Printingmoney.　　[B]Limitingstatetaxes.　　[C]Makingtreatieswithforeigncountries.　　[D]Passinglawsaffectingtradebetweenthestates.　　34.[A]Allthestateshaverespectivepowers.　　[B]Thecentralgovernmentandthestatessharethesamepowers.　　[C]Thepowersofthecountryarefairlydividedupbetweenstates.　　[D]ItistheConstitutionthatspecifiesthepowerforthecentralgovernmentandthestates.　　35.[A]Thecentralgovernmentcannotbetoopowerful.　　[B]Biggerstateshavemorepowerthansmallerones.　　[C]Thecentralgovernmentcanputalimitonstatetaxes.[D]Thestatesandthecentralgovernmenthavethesamepowers.

1SectionB　　PassageOne　　Humanbeingsenjoychallenges.Manyofthemlikephysicalchallenges.Theyaskthemselvesquestionslikethese:HowfastcanIrun?HowhighcanIclimb?HowdeepcanIdive?HowfarcanIswim?HowlongcanIholdmybreath?HowmuchcanIlift?HowhighcanIjump?Becausepeopleenjoychallenges,theyliketoplaysportsandwatchotherpeopleplaysports.Theylikeclimbing,running,diving,lifting,jumping,andsoon.EveryfouryearsmillionsofpeopleallovertheworldenjoytheinternationalsportscompetitioncalledtheOlympics.Therearechallengesthatarenotphysicalchallenges.Therearesocialandintellectualchallenges,too.LeonardodaVinci,wholivedinItalyduringthefifteenthcentury,enjoyedeverypossiblechallenge.Hewasanartistandpaintedthewellknownpicture,theMonaLisa.Hewasanengineerwhomadeplansforacitywithroadsunderthestreetfortraffic.Hewasaninventorwhoinventedadevicetoletpeoplebreatheunderwater.Hewasascientist,andhelearnedagreatdealabouthumanstructure.　　AnotherkindofchallengefacedtheEgyptiansbetween4,000and5,000yearsagowhentheydecidedtobuildthefirstpyramid.Theyusedsixmilliontonsofrock.ThatisenoughtobuildatenfootwallaroundallofFrance.Fourhundredthousandmenworkedfortwentyyearstobuildit.　　So,forthousandsofyears,peopleacceptedchallenges.Todaywestillhavemanychallengesbeforeus.Medicalsciencefacesthechallengesofconqueringthemanydiseaseswhichstillattackhumanbeings.Engineersandplannersmustbuildnewcitiesandnewkindsoftransportation.Scientistsmustdevelopnewformsofenergy.Andmanyofusareinterestedinthechallengeofspace.Weliveinanageofchallenge.　　Questions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.　　26.Whenpeopleparticipateinsportingactivities,whatkindofchallengedotheyface?　　【解析】选[B]。预读选项可知此题询问的是challenge的类型。在听的过程中需要留意涉及类型的细节。文中开头的Manyofthemlikephysicalchallenges后用一系列的例子，如HowfastIcanrun？...Theylikeclimbing,running...表明，当人们参加体育活动时他们面对的是physicalchallenges。　　27.Whichbelongstosocialchallenge?　　【解析】选[D]。预读选项可以推测此题是考查对四种行为在细节上的区分。在听的过程中需要留意文中出现了哪几种行为、分别是为了说明什么问题而出现。　　28.Howdopeoplereacttothecategoryofsocialchallenges?　　【解析】选[C]。预读选项可以推测此题是考查They对them的态度。在听问题时需要留意They和them分别指代的是什么。PassageTwo　　Todaywe’llexaminetherolethatprivatetransportation—namely,theautomobile—playsincityplanning.　　Anumberofsociologistsblametheautomobileforthedeclineofthedowntownareasofmajorcities.Inthe1950’sand1960’stheautomobilemadeitpossibletoworkinthecityandyetliveinthesuburbsmanymilesaway.Shoppingpatternschanged;insteadofgoingtodowntownstores,peopleinthesuburbswenttolargeshoppingmallsoutsidethecityandclosertothehome.Merchantsinthecityfailed,andtheirstoresclosed.　　Downtownshoppingareasbecamedeserted.Inrecentyearsthere’sbeenarebirthof

2thedowntownarea,asmanysuburbaniteshavemovedbacktothecity.They’vedonethis,ofcourse,toavoidhighwaysblockedwithcommutersfromthesuburbs.I’vechosenthisparticularcityplanningproblem—ourdependenceonprivatetransportation—todiscussingroups.I’mhopingyouwillallcomeupwithsomenovelsolutions.Oh,anddon’tapproachtheproblemfromapurelysociologicalperspective;trytotakeintoaccountenvironmentalandeconomicissuesaswell.　　Questions29to31arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.　　29.Howdidtheautomobileaffecttheworkforceinthe1950’sand1960’s?　　【解析】选[B]。预读选项可以推测此题是考查对It对workers或jobs的影响。在听问题时需要留意It指代的是什么。　　30.Whatproblemdiddowntowncitymerchantsfaceinthe1960’s?　　【解析】选[C]。预读选项可知此题是考查对四种负面事实的区分，需要留意文中关于这些细节的陈述。　　31.Accordingtothespeaker,whyaresomepeoplemovingbacktothecity?　　【解析】选[D]。预读选项可知此题询问的是关于某件事情的原因。文中提到人们从乡下搬回到城市的原因是：toavoidhighwaysblockedwithcomustters...,[D]是对此的同义转述。PassageThree　　TheUnitedStatesoperatesunderafederalsystemofgovernment.Underthefederalsystem,powerisdividedbetweenthecentralgovernmentandthestates.Thecentralgovernmentisgivenspecificpowers.ThesepowersarenamedintheConstitution.PowersthatarenotassignedtothecentralgovernmentintheConstitutionbelongtothestates.　　Thecentralgovernmentcanpasslawsthataffecttradebetweenstates.Thecentralgovernmentcanalsomaketreatieswithforeigncountries.Ithasthepowertoprintmoney.TheConstitutiongivesthecentralgovernmentthesepowers.Thesepowersbelongtothecentralgovernmentonly.However,thestateshavemanypowersthatthecentralgovernmentcannotcontrol.Forexample,astateisallowedtotaxpeoplewholiveandworkinthestate.Thecentralgovernmentcannotputalimitontheamountofmoneythatastatetaxesitspeople.　　Manypeoplefeelthatthefederalsystemhasmanygoodpoints.Onegoodpointisthatitrestrainsthepowerofthecentralgovernment.Thecentralgovernmentcannotbecometoopowerful.Anothergoodpointisthatthecentralgovernmentmakessurethatthebiggerstatesdon’tbecometoopowerful.UndertheConstitution,allstatesaretreatedequally.Thelawsofthecentralgovernmentdonotfavoronestateoveranother.　　Questions32to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.　　32.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?　　【解析】[B]。在听录音之前，预览四个选项可知本文与federalsystem或centralgovernmentandthestates有关。而且这些选项的概括性很强，很有可能询问文章的主旨大意。　　33.Whichisthepowerofthestatesgovernments?　　【解析】[B]。预读选项可以推测此题是考查对四种行为在细节上的区分。在听的过程中需要留意文中出现了哪几种行为、分别是为了说明什么问题而出现。　　34.Whatisstatedinthepassage?　　【解析】[D]。预读选项可以推测此题是考查对四种事实的区分，而且

3均与中央政府和每个州的权力有关。　　35.Accordingtothepassage,whatisagoodpointaboutthefederalsystem?　　【解析】[A]。预读选项可以推测此题是考查对四种事实的区分，需要留意文中出现了哪种或哪几种事实。