英语四级过级考试必须完全熟练的最基础短语

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英语四级过级考试必须完全熟练的最基础短语英语四级过级考试必须完全熟练的最基础短语1.abideby（=befaithfulto;obey）忠于;遵守。2.beabsentfrom….缺席，不在3.absenceormind（=beingabsent-minded）心不在焉4.absorb（=takeuptheattentionof）吸引…的注意力（被动语态）:beabsorbedin全神贯注于…近:beengrossedin;belostin;beraptin;beconcentratedon;befocusedon;becenteredon5.（be）abundantin（berichin;bewellsuppliedwith）富于,富有6.access（to）（不可数名词）能接近,进入,了解7.byaccident（=bychance,accidentally）偶然地,意外.withoutaccident（=safely）安全地,8.ofone'sownaccord（=withoutbeingasked;willingly;freely）自愿地,主动地9.inaccordwith与…一致.outofone'saccordwith同….不一致10.withoneaccord（=witheverybodyagreeing）一致地11.inaccordancewith（=inagreementwith）依照,根据12.onone'sownaccount1）为了某人的缘故,为了某人自己的利益2）（=atone'sownrisk）自行负责3）（=byoneself）依靠自己onaccount赊账;onaccountof因为;onnoaccount不论什么原因也不;of…account有………重要性.13.take…intoaccount（=consider）把……考虑进去14.givesb.anaccountof说明,解释（理由）15.accountfor（=giveanexplanationorreasonfor）解释,说明.16.onaccountof（=becauseof）由于,因为.17.onnoaccount（=innocase,fornoreason）绝不要,无论如何不要（放句首时句子要倒装）18.accuse…of…（=charge…with;blamesb.forsth.;blamesth.onsb.;complainabout）指控,控告19.beaccustomedto（=beinthehabitof,beusedto）习惯于.20.beacquaintedwith（=tohaveknowledgeof）了解;（=tohavemetsocially）熟悉

121.acton奉行,按照…行动;actas扮演;actfor代理22.adaptoneselfto（=adjustoneselfto）使自己适应于23.adapt…（for）（=makesth.suitableforanewneed）改编,改写（以适应新的需要）24.inaddition（=besides）此外,又,加之25.inadditionto（=aswellas,besides,otherthan）除…外26.adhereto（=abideby,conformto,complywith,clingto,insiston,persistin,observe,opinion,belief）粘附;坚持,遵循27.adjacent（=nextto,closeto）毗邻的,临近的28.adjust……（to）（=changeslightly）调节;适应;29.admitof（=becapableof,leaveroomfor）…的可能，留有…的余地.30.inadvance（beforeintime）预告,事先.31.toadvantage有利的,使优点更加突出地.32.haveanadvantageover胜过.havetheadvantageof由于…处于有利条件havetheadvantageofsb.知道某人所不知道的事33.takeadvantageof（=makethebestof,utilize,makeuseof,profitfrom,harness）利用.34.agreewith赞同（某人意见）agreeto同意35.inagreement（with）同意,一致36.aheadof在…之前,超过…;…………….aheadoftime提前.37.intheair1）不肯定,不具体.2）在谣传中.38.aboveall（=especially,mostimportantofall）尤其是,最重要的.39.inall（=countingeveryoneoreverything,altogether）总共,总计40.afterall毕竟,到底;（not）atall一点也不;allatonce（=suddenly）突然;onceandforall只此一次;aboveall最重要的;firstofall首先;allinall大体上说;beallin累极了;allbut几乎.41.allowfor（=takeintoconsideration,takeintoaccount）考虑到,估计到.42.amountto（=tobeequalto）总计,等于.

243.answerfor（undertakeresponsibilityfor,beliablefor,takechargefor）对…负责.44.answerto（=conformto）适合,符合.45.beanxiousabout为…焦急不安;或anxiousfor46.apologizetosb.forsth.为…向…道歉47.appealtosb.forsth.为某事向某人呼吁.appealtosb.对某人有吸引力48.applytosb.forsth.为…向…申请;applyfor申请;applyto适用.49.applyto与…有关;适用50.approveof（=consentto,beinfavorof,favor,agreeto,considergood,right）赞成,approvevt.批准51.arisefrom（=becausedby）由…引起.52.arrangeforsb./sth.todosth.安排…做…53.arriveon到达;arriveat到达某地（小地方）;得出,作出;arrivein到达某地（大地方）;54.beashamedof（=feelshame,guiltorsorrowbecauseofsth.done）以…为羞耻55.assuresb.ofsth.（=trytocausetobelieveortrustinsth.）向…保证,使…确信.56.attach（to）（=tofix,fasten;join）缚,系,结57.makeanattemptatdoingsth.（todosth.）试图做…58.attendto（=giveone'sattention,careandthought）注意,照顾;attendon（upon）（=waitupon,serve,lookafter）侍候,照料59.attitudeto/toward…对…的态度.看法60.attribute…to…（=tobelievesth.tobetheresultof…）把……归因于……,认为……是……的结果61.ontheaverage（=onaverage,onanaverage）平均62.（be）awareof（=beconsciousof,havingknowledgeorconsciousness）意识到,知道.63.atthebackof（=behind）在…后面64.inthebackof在…后部（里面）;onthebackof在…后部（外面）;beonone'sback（=beillinbed）卧病不起.

365.atone'sback（=supportingorfavoringsb.）支持,维护;havesb.atone'sback有…支持,有…作后台66.turnone'sbackonsb.（=turnawayfromsb.inanimpoliteway）不理睬（某人）,背弃,抛弃67.behindone'sback背着某人（说坏话）68.bebasedon/upon基于69.onthebasisof根据…,在…基础上70.beat…at在…运动项目上打赢71.beginwith以…开始.tobeginwith（=firstofall）首先,第一（经常用于开始语）72.onbehalfof（=astherepresentativeof）以…名义73.believein（=havefaithortrustin;considersth./sb.tobetrue）相信,依赖,信仰.74.benefit（from）受益,得到好处.75.forthebenefitof为了…的利益（好处）76.forthebetter好转77.getthebetterof（=defeatsb.）打败,胜过.78.bybirth在出生上,论出身,按血统atbirth在出生时;givebirthto出生79.blamesb.forsth.因…责备某人.blamesth.onsb.把…推在某人身上80.inblossom开花（指树木）beinblossom开花（强调状态）comeintoblossom开花（强调动作）81.onboard到船上,在船上,上火车或飞机82.boastof（orabout）吹嘘83.outofbreath喘不过气来84.inbrief（=inasfewwordsaspossible）简言之85.inbulk成批地,不散装的86.takethefloor起立发言87.onbusiness出差办事.88.bebusywithsth.于某事.bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事

489.lastbutone倒数第二.90.butfor（=without）要不是.表示假设91.buysth.for…money用多少钱买92.becapableof能够,有能力　becapableofbeing+过去分词:是能够被…的93.inanycase（=forloveormoney,atanyrate,atanyprice,atanycost,whateverhappens;anyhow）无论如何94.incase（=forfearthat）万一;95.incaseof（=intheeventof）如果发生…万一inthecaseof至于…,就…而言96.innocase在任何情况下都不（放句首倒装句）97.becautiousof谨防98.centerone'sattentionon（=focusone'sattentionon）把某人的注意力集中在…上99.becertainof（=besureof）有把握,一定.100.forcertainof（=forsure）肯定地,有把握地101.bychance（=accidentally,byaccident）偶然102.forachange换换环境（花样等）103.chargesb.with…控告某人犯有…104.inchargeof（=responsiblefor）负责（某事）　inthechargeof…由…管105.takechargeof（=tobeorbecomeresponsiblefor）负责管理（照顾）106.charge…for因…索取（费用）,chargesb.withsth.控告某人犯有…107.roundtheclock（=alldayandallnight,usuallywithoutstopping）昼夜不停地108.commenton评论109.commitoneselfto使自己承担…commitsb.toprison把某人送进监狱;commitone'sideatowriting把某人的想法写下来;commitamattertoacommittee把某事交给委员会讨论110.incommon（和…）有共同之处,共用.becommontosb.是与某人所共有的111.keepcompanywith（=befriendlyandgoouttogether）和…要好.

5112.compare…with…把…与…比较113.compare…to…把…比作…114.bycomparison比较起来115.incomparisonwith（=incontrastto）和…比起来116.compensatefor（=givesth.tomakeupfor）补偿,赔偿,弥补compensatesb.forsth.赔偿,弥补117.complainof（orabout）抱怨;诉苦;控告;complainabout抱怨某人或事情;complaintosb.aboutsth.（orsb.）向某人抱怨…;complain（抱怨）;complement（补充）;compliment（恭维）118.complywith（=actinaccordancewithademand,order,ruleetc.）遵守,依从119.conceiveof（thinkof,imagine,consider）想象,设想120.concentrateon（orupon）集中,专心121.beconcernedwith（=about）与…有关122.concernoneselfabout/with关心123.inconclusion（=asthelastthing）最后一点;attheconclusionof当…结束时;124.condemnsb.to判决125.onconditionthat（=if）以…为条件,假如.　inthat=because因为;　nowthat=since既然forallthat=although尽管126.in/outofcondition（=thoroughlyhealthyorfit/notfit）健康状况好/不好.ingood（bad）condition处于良好（坏）状态127.confess（to）（=admitafault,crime,orsth.wrong）承认,供认;confesstoacrime承认罪行.128.confidein（=totalkfreelytosb.aboutone'ssecret）对…讲真心话,依赖129.inconfidence推心置腹地;withconfidence满怀信心地;haveconfidencein对…有信心130.confidenceinsb./sth.对…的信赖131.beconfidentof有信心;

6confidential机密的132.confine…to…把…限制在某范围内133.confirmsb.in使某人更坚定（信念等）134.conformto（=beinagreementwith,complywith）符合,遵照,遵守;1）obey服从;2）observe;3）complywith照…办;4）keepto遵循;5）abideby服从;6）stickto按……做135.beconfrontedwith（=bebroughtfacetofacewith）面对,面临136.congratulatesb.on祝贺137.inconnectionwith（=withregardto）关于,138.beconsciousof（=beawareof）觉察,知道139.consentto（=giveagreementtopermission）同意140.inconsequence（=asaresult）结果141.inconsequenceof（=asaconsequenceof）由于…的结果142.underconsideration在考虑中143.inconsiderationof（=inreturnfor,onaccountof,becauseof）由于144.onnoconsideration（innocase）无论如何也不145.take…intoconsideration（=takeaccountof,take…intoaccount）考虑到,把…考虑进去146.considerate（=thoughtfuloftheneeds）体贴的,考虑他人需要的,considerable相当大的,值得考虑的147.consistof（=becomposedof）由…组成的.consistin主要在于.consistwith符合,与…一致148.beconsistentwith（=beinagreementwith）与…一致.beconsistentin一贯的,149.consultsb.on/aboutsth.向…征求…方面的意见,就…向…请教150.toone'sheart'scontent尽情地,痛痛快快151.becontentwith（=besatisfiedwith）满足于becontenttodosth.愿意做某事152.contraryto（=inoppositionto）与…相反153.onthecontrary相反

7154.contrast…with把…与…相对（对照）155.incontrastto/with和…形成对比bycontrast对比之下156.contributeto有助于157.undercontrol（被）控制住outofcontrol无法控制158.atone'sconvenience（=whereandwhenitsuitsone）在方便的时间或地点.beconvenientto/for对…方便159.convincesb.of（=causesb.tobelieveorfeelcertain;topersuadesb.）使某人确信,trytopersuadesb.todosth.劝说某人做…160.copewith（=dealwith,trytofindasolutionto）应付,处理161.inthecorner（of）在角落里;on（at）thecomerofastreet在街道拐弯处;roundthecomer拐过弯;beinatightcorner陷入困境162.correspond（with）（=exchangelettersregularly）通信163.correspondto相当于.correspondwith符合,一致164.atallcosts不惜任何代价.atthecostof以…为代价165.amatterofcourse理所当然的事166.asamatterofcourse当然地,自然地167.in（during）thecourse在…过程中168.induecourse（=withouttoomuchdelay）没经过太久,到一定时候169.oncredit赊购;withcredit以优异成绩;toone'scredit使某人感到光荣;dosb.credit使…感到光荣170.becriticalof爱挑毛病的，批评的171.curesb.of+某种疾病治好某人的疾病172.adangerto对…的危险;beindanger（of）处于…危险中;beoutofdanger脱离危险173.todate（=sofar,untilnow）到目前为止174.outofdate过时的;uptodate新式的,时兴的;datebackto可追溯到;datefrom从某时期开始（有）

8175.dealwith（=concern）论及176.beindebttosb.欠…的债177.onthedecline在衰退中,在减少中indecline下降;ontheincrease在增加178.toone'sdelight令某人感到高兴toone'sregret遗憾;sorrow悲痛;relief安心;distress苦恼;shame羞愧;surprise惊奇;astonishment惊奇;179.delightin（=takegreatpleasureindoingsth.）喜欢,取乐180.take（a）delightin喜欢干…,以…为乐181.demandsth.ofsb.向某人要求（非物质的）东西.demandsth.fromsb.向某人要求（物质的）东西182.indemand有需求;ondemand受到要求时183.bedependenton依靠184.deprivesb.ofsth.剥夺某人某物185.derive…from（=obtain…from）从…取得,由…来的.derivefrom（=comefrom）起源于186.despairof（=loseallhopeof）绝望187.indespair绝望188.despite（=inspiteof）不管,尽管189.indetail详细地190.deviatefrom偏离,不按…办191.onadiet吃某种特殊饮食,节食192.differfrom…in与…的区别在于…193.indifficulties…有困难,处境困难,194.dischargesb.（from）…for（=dismisssb.fromajobfor）因…解雇,开除195.fallback（=retreat,turnback）撤退;indisorder慌乱地,狼狈不堪

9196.ondisplay（=beingshownpublicly）陈列197.disposeof（=getridof,throwaway）处理掉198.beyonddispute不容争议的,无可争议199.indispute在争议中200.inthedistance在远处.makeout辩认出201.（be）distinctfrom（=bedifferentfrom）与…截然不同202.distinguishbetween（=makeorrecognizedifferences）辨别203.distinguish…from把…与…区别开204.doawaywith（=getridof;abolish;discardeliminate）除去,废除,取消;doawaywith（=kill）杀掉,镇压205.have…todowith与…有关系206.withoutdoubt（=undoubtedly）无可置疑地207.indoubt（=inaconditionofuncertainty）对…表示疑惑208.bedueto是由于209.comeoffduty下班210.goonduty上班211.beonduty值班,值日,在上班时212.beindutyboundto（do）（=berequiredbyone'sjoboresp.byconscience）有义务（做）213.beeagerfor想得到,盼望214.byear（=playmusicfrommemorywithouthavingseenitprinted）凭记忆,不看乐谱215.haveanearfor（=havekeenrecognitionofsoundsesp.inmusicandlanguage）对……有鉴赏力216.awordinone'sear私房话,秘密话217.onearth究竟,到底,全然218.withease（=easily）容易,不费力219.at（one's）ease（=withoutworryornervousness）自在,不拘束

10220.putsb.athis/herease（=freesb.fromworryornervousness）使某人感到无拘束221.economizeon（=savesth.insteadofbeingwasteful）节省222.haveaneffecton对…有影响223.beineffect（=beinoperation）有效224.gointoeffect生效.（近:comeintoeffect;takeeffect;bebroughtintoeffect）225.ineffect（=infact,really）实际上226.giveeffectto（=carryout）实行,使…生效227.tonoeffect不起作用,没有取得任何效果228.（be）ofnoeffect（=useless）无效229.totheeffectthat大意是…,主要内容是…230.tothateffect是那个意思的…231.emergefrom（=appear,becomeknown）出现,暴露（问题.意见等）232.place（orput,lay）anemphasison强调,把重点放在…上233.encouragesb.in鼓励;encouragesb.inhis/herwork鼓励某人工作;encouragesb.inhis/heridleness怂恿某人游手好闲234.encouragesb.in…withsth.用…鼓励某人做某事235.onend（=continuously）连续地236.（be）atanend（=finished）结束了237.noendof（=verymany/much）很多,大量238.intheend（=finally,eventually）最终239.atone'swit'send（=notknowingwhattodoortosay）无法可想,智穷计尽240.endupwith以…而结束241.cometoandend（=finish）结束242.endin以…为结束243.engagein或beengagedin忙于,从事

11244.enterfor（=putthenameonalistfor）报名参加245.enterinto（=begin）开始（谈话,谈判等）246.enteron/upon（=begin）开始（一个时代.一种生涯.一段任期等）247.beentitledto（=begiventherighttodosth.）有权…,有资格…248.beequalto等于249.be/feelequalto（=haveenoughstrength,abilityetc.）（某人）能胜任,能应付onequalterms（=onandequalfooting）平等地250.beequippedwith装备有,装有251.（be）equivalentto（=equalinvalue,amount,meaning）相等于,相当于252.inessence（=inits/one'snature）本质上253.atallevents（=inspiteofeverything,inanycase）不论怎样,无论如何254.inanyevent（=whateverhappensinthefuture）无论如何,不管（将来）怎么样255.intheeventthat（=if）假如,如果.intheevent结果,实际情况是（常与but连用）256.intheeventof（=incaseof）万一,即使发生……时257.except除…以外;besides除…以外还有……258.except（=but）除了。259.exceptfor（=apartfrom）除…以外260.（an）exceptionto…的例外261.withtheexceptionof（=except,apartfrom）除去….,除…以外262.inexcessof（=morethan）超过263.exchange…for以…交换264.exclusiveof（=nottakingintoaccount;without）不包括265.inexcuseof作为…的借口266.exert…on…对…施加…267.exertoneselftodosth.努力,使劲

12268.comeintoexistence（=begintoexist）开始存在;comeintouse开始使用;comeintoeffect开始运转;comeintofashion开始时新;comeintoaction开始行动;comeintopower开始执政;comeintosight进入视野;comeintoblossom开花;269.（be）inexistence存在comeintoexistence出现270.expect…of在…期望…271.attheexpenseof在损害…情况下,以…为牺牲272.expose…to…使暴露于…,使…受（危险,风险）273.beexposedto…面临…,受到….274.beyondexpression（=inamannerthatcannotbeexpressed）无法形容,说不出的275.giveexpressionto表达,表现　findexpressionin表现276.to…extent在…程度上277.intheextreme（=extremely）极其278.looksb.intheeye正视,打量（某人）279.close（shut）one'seyesto不理会,视而不见280.inone'smind'seye在心目中,在想象中281.inthetwinklingofaneye一眨眼,转眼间282.keepaneyeon（=keepawatchon）照看,监视283.intheeyesofinone'seyes（=inthejudgmentof）在某人看来,在某人眼里284.onthefaceofit（=judgingbywhatonecansee）表面看来285.inthefaceof面对着（困难等情况）286.inone'sface当着某人的面;facetofaced面对面;faceupto大胆面向287.failin（=beunsuccessfulin）失败288.ingoodfaith（=honestly,sincerely）真诚地289.keepfaithwith对…守信用290.losefaithin对…失去信心

13291.onfaith毫无怀疑地,依赖地292.faithfulto（=loyalto）对…忠诚293.fallintothehabit（of）养成…习惯294.fallshortof（=failtoreachadesiredresult,standard,etc.）没达到,低于295.familiarwith熟悉,了解296.haveafancyfor（=likesth.withoutthehelpofreason）（没有道理地）喜欢,想要297.takeafancyto（=becomefondof）喜欢298.byfar远,非常（与比较级或最高级连用）299.farfrom远远不是300.farfrom非但不…（而且）301.infashion（=stylish,mostmodern）时兴,流行302.afterthefashion（of）依照…303.findfaultwith（=complainabout;criticize）找毛病，对…吹毛求疵304.atfault（=inthewrong,blamable）有错305.infavourof赞成306.beinfavourwith受宠,受偏爱;outoffavourwith失宠,不受宠307.inone'sfavour（=toone'sadvantage）对.有利308.（be）favourableto（=advantageous）有利的309.fearfor（=beafraidforthesafetyofsb.orsth.）为…担心310.forfearof（=incaseof;becauseofanxietyabout）以防,由于怕311.infearof（=afraidforthesafetyof）担心312.feed（sb.）onsth.靠吃…,用…喂养313.befedupwith（=beunhappy,tiredaboutsth.dull）厌烦,腻了314.feellike（=haveadesirefor）想要

14315.fillin填写316.fillout（=fillin）填写317.settheworldonfire=settheflamesonfire（=dosth.remarkable）有突出成就318.playwithfire（=takegreatrisks）干冒险事319.setsth.onfire（=setfiretosth.）使……着火,放火320.atfirstsight（=whenfirstseen）乍一看,一见321.forthefirsttime第一次（作状语）322.inthefirstplace首先,第一323.fitinto刚好放入324.fitinwith（=suit,fallintoagreement）合适,相配,一致325.（be）fitfor（=rightandsuitablefor）适合326.focuson（=concentrateon）集中在…上focussth.on把…集中在…上327.befondof喜欢328.（be）inforce有效,实施329.gointoforce开始生效330.byforce靠武力,强行331.force…on把…强加给…332.intheformof以…形式333.befortunatein幸运,有好运气334.freeofcharge免费335.befreedfrom免受,没有…336.infrontof在…前面inthefrontof在…前部337.furnish…with（=supply）向…提供

15338.ingeneral（=inmostcases,usually）通常339.catch（orget）aglimpseof瞥见（强调结果）takeaglance（orlook）at看一眼（强调动作）340.begoodfor对…有好处;对…有作用　begoodat擅长于;begoodto对…好341.ingoodtime（=early）早早地（做完.到达等）342.forgood（=forever）永远地,长期地343.take…forgranted（=assumetobetrue）把…认为理所当然的.344.begratefultosb.forsth因…感谢某人345.ontheground（s）fo（=becauseof）由于…346.falltotheground（计划.希望等）失败,落空347.onone'sguard（against）谨防,警惕（be）onguard站岗348.guardagainst（=defend,keepsafe）警惕,防止guard…against警卫…防止349.guessat猜,估计350.byguess靠猜351.beguiltyof犯有…罪或过失352.beinthehabitof习惯于353.breakoff（ahabit）改掉（某种习惯）354.breaksb.of（ahabit）使某人改掉（某习惯）355.get（fall）intothehabitof养成了…的习惯356.cometoahalt（=stop）停止;停住357.athand在手边,眼前（附近）358.byhand用手工（做359.handinglove（with）狼狈为奸,密切合作360.inhand1）在手边2）（=undercontrol）控制住