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英语六级听力原文11.W:DidyouusecreditcardsonyourvacationlastmonthinEurope?M:SureIdid.Theycertainlybeatgoingaroundwithawalletfullofbigbills.Butcarryinglotsofcashisstillverycommonamongsomeolderpeopletravelingabroad.Q:Whatdoesthemansayaboutsomeelderlypeople?12.W:Rodmustbeinabadmoodtoday.What’swrongwithhim?M:Hewaspassedoverintheselectionprocessforthedeanoftheadmissionsoffice.He’dbeenhopingforthepositionforalongtime.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?13.M:WhatagreatsingerJustinis!Hisconcertisjustawesome.Andyou’llneverregretthemoneyyoupaidfortheticket.W:Yeah.Judgingbytheamountoftheapplause,everyonewasenjoyingit.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?14.W:IreceivedanemailyesterdayfromHenry.Doyouremember?Hewasoneofthechairpersonsofourstudentsunion.M:Yes,butIhaven’theardfromhimforages.ActuallyI’vebeenoutoftouchwithhimsinceourfirstreunionaftergraduation.Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthespeakers?15.M:Drivingatnightalwaysmakesmetired.Let’sstopfordinner.W:Fine.Andlet’sfindamotel,sothatwecangetanearlystarttomorrow.Q:Whatwillthespeakersprobablydo?16.W:Let’slookatthesurveyonconsumerconfidenceweconductedlastweek.Howreliablearethesefigures?M:Theyhavea5%marginoferrorQ:Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?
117.W:Lookatthiscatalogue,John.IthinkIwanttogetthisredblouse.M:Err,Ithinkyou’vealreadyonelikethisinblue.Doyouneedeverycolorintherainbow?Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?18.W:Thisnoticesaysthatalltheintroductorymarketingclassesareclosed.M:Thatcan’tbetrue.There’ssupposedtobe13ofthemthissemester.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?From:http://www.hxen.com/englishlistening/CET6/zhenti/2009-12-20/97264.htmlConversationOneM:Iseeonyourresumethatyouworkedasamanagerofastorecalled“ComputerCountry”.Couldyoutellmealittlemoreaboutyourresponsibilitiesthere?W:Sure.Iwasresponsibleforoverseeingabout30employees.Ididalloftheorderingforthestore,andIkepttrackoftheinventory.M:Whatwasthemostdifficultpartofyourjob?W:Probablyhandlingangrycustomers.Wedidn’thavethemveryoften,butwhenwedid,Ineededtomakesuretheywerewelltakencareof.Afterall,thecustomerisalwaysright.M:That’showwefeelheretoo.Howlongdidyouworkthere?W:Iwasthereforthreeandahalfyears.Ileftthecompanylastmonth.M:Andwhydidyouleave?W:MyhusbandhasbeentransferredtoBoston.AndIunderstandyourcompanyhasanopeningtheretoo.M:Yes,that’sright.Wedo.Butthepositionwon’tstartuntilearlynextmonth.Wouldthatbeaproblemforyou?W:No,notatall.Myhusband’snewjobdoesn’tbeginforafewweeks.SowethoughtwewouldspendsometimedrivingtoBostonandstoptoseemyparents.M:Thatsoundsnice.Sotellme,whyareyouinterestedinthisparticularposition?W:Iknowthatyourcompanyhasagreatreputation,andawonderfulproduct.I’vethoughtmanytimesthatIwouldliketobeapartofit.WhenIheardabouttheopeninginBoston,Ijumpedtotheopportunity.M:WellI’mgladyoudid.19.Whatwasthewoman’spreviousjob?20.Whatdoesthewomansaywasthemostdifficultpartofherjob?21.WhyisthewomanlookingforajobinBoston?22.Whencanthewomanstarttoworkifshegetsthejob?
2ConversationTwoW:TodayinthestudiowehaveAlbertoCortez,thewell-knownBrazilianadvocateoftheanti-globalmovement.He’sheretotalkabouttherecentreport,statingthatby2050Brazilwillbetheoneottheword’swealthiestandmostsuccessfulcountries.Alberto,whatdoyousaytothereport?M:Youknowthisisn’tthefirsttimethatpeoplearesayingBrazilwillbeagreateconomicpower.Thesamethingwassaidoverahundredyearago.Butitdidn’thappen.W:Yes,butyoumustadmittheworld’saverydifferentplacenow.M:Ofcourse.InfactIbelievethere’smaybesometruthinthepredictionthistimearound.Firstofall,though,wemustremembertheproblemsfacingBrazilatthemoment.W:Suchas…?M:There’sanenormousgapbetweentherichandthepoorinthiscountry.InSalPaulo,youcanseeshoppingmallsfullofdesignergoodsrightnextdoortotheslamareaswithoutproperwaterandelectricitysupplies.Alotofworkneedstobedonetohelppeopleinthoseareasimprovetheirlives.W:Whatneedstobedone?M:Education,forexample.ForBraziltobesuccessful,weneedtooffereducationtoallBrazilians.SuccessfulcountrieslikeSouthKoreaandSingaporehaveexcellenteducationsystems.Brazilneedstolearnfromthesecountries.W:Soyouarehopefulforthefuture.M:AsIsaidearlier,I’mhopeful.Thisisn’taneasyjob.WeneedtomakesurethattheseimportantopportunitiesforBrazilaren’twasted,astheywereinthepast.23.WhatdoestherecentreportsayaboutBrazil?24.WhatproblemdoesAlbertosayBrazilfacesnow?25.WhatdoesAlbertosayabouteconomicallysuccessfulcountries?From:http://www.hxen.com/englishlistening/CET6/zhenti/2009-12-20/97264_2.htmlSectionBPassageOneWilmaSubrahadnointentionofbecomingapublicspeaker.Aftergraduatingfromcollegewithdegreesinchemistryandmicrobiology,shewenttoworkatGulfSouthResearchInstituteinLouisiana.Aspartofherjob,sheconductedfieldresearchontoxicsubstancesintheenvironment,ofteninminoritycommunitieslocatednearlargeindustrialpolluters.Shefoundmanyfamilieswerebeingexposedhigh,sometimesdeadly,levelsofchemicalsandothertoxicsubstances,butshewasnotallowedtomakeherinformationpublic.Frustratedbytheserestrictions,Subraleftherjobin1981,createdherown
3company,andhasdevotedthepasttwodecadestohelpingpeoplefightbackagainstgiantindustrialpolluters.Sheworkswithfamiliesandcommunitygroupstoconductenvironmentaltests,interprettestresults,andorganizeforchange.Becauseofherefforts,dozensoftoxicsitesacrossthecountryhavebeencleanedup,andonechemicalindustryspokespersoncallsher“atopgunfortheenvironmentalmovement.”HowhasWilmaSubraachievedallthis?Partlythroughherscientifictraining,partlythroughhercommitmenttoenvironmentaljustice.Butjustasimportantisherabilitytocommunicatewithpeoplethroughpublicspeaking.“Publicspeaking,”shesays,“istheprimaryvehicleIuseforreachingpeople.”IfyouhadaskedSubrabefore1981,“Doyouseeyourselfasamajorpublicspeaker?”Shewouldhavelaughedattheidea.Yettodayshegivesmorethan100presentationsayear.AlongthewayshehaslecturedatHarvard,testifiedbeforeCongress,andaddressedaudiencesin40states,aswellasinMexico,Canada,andJapan.26.WhatdidWilmaSubradoaspartofherjobwhileworkingatGulfSouthResearchInstitute?27.WhatdidWilmaSubraleaveherjobin1981?28.WhatresultshaveWilmaSubra’seffortshadintheparttwodecades?29.WhatdoesthespeakersayhascontributedtoWilmaSubra’ssuccess?Passage2Oneofthebiggestchallengesfacingemployersandeducatorstodayistherapidadvanceofglobalization.Themarketplaceisnolongernationalorregional,butextendstoallcornersoftheworld.Andthisrequiresaglobalreadyworkforce.Universitieshavealargeparttoplayinpreparingstudentsforthe21stcenturylabormarketbypromotinginternationaleducationalexperiences.Themostobviouswayuniversitiescanhelpdevelopglobalworkforceisbyencouragingstudentstostudyabroadaspartoftheircourse.Studentswhohaveexperiencedanotherculturefirsthandaremorelikelytobeglobalreadywhentheygraduate.Globalworkforcedevelopmentdoesn’talwayshavetoinvolvetravelabroadhowever.Ifstudentslearnanotherlanguageandstudyothercultures,theywillbemoreglobalreadywhentheygraduate.Itisimportanttopointoutthatstudentsalsoneedtohaveadeepunderstandingoftheirownculturebeforetheycanbegintoobserve,analyzeandevaluateothercultures.Inmulti-culturalsocieties,peoplecanstudyeachother’scultures,todevelopinterculturalcompetencies,suchascriticalandreflectivethinking,andintellectualflexibility.Thiscanbedoneboththroughthecurriculumandthroughactivitiesoncampus,outsideoftheclassroom,suchasartexhibitions,andlecturesfrominternationalexperts.Manyuniversities
4arealreadyembracingthischallenge,andprovidingopportunitiesforstudentstobecomeglobalcitizens.Studentsthemselves,however,maynotrealizethatwhentheygraduate,theywillbecompetinginagloballabormarket,anduniversitiesneedtoraiseawarenessoftheseissuesamongstundergraduates.Questions30-32Q30:Whatisoneofthebiggestchallengesfacingemployersandeducatorstoday?Q31:Whatshouldstudentsdofirstbeforetheycanreallyunderstandothercultures?Q32:Whatshouldcollegestudentsrealizeaccordingtothespeaker?Passage3Toseeifhaircoloraffectsaperson’schancesofgettingajob,researchersatCaliforniaStateUniversityasked136collegestudentstoreviewtheresumeandphotographofafemaleapplicantforajobasanaccountant.Eachstudentwasgiventhesameresume.Buttheapplicant’spicturewasaltered,sothatinsomephotosherhairwasgolden,insomeredandinsomebrown.Theresult?Withbrownhair,thewomanwasratedmorecapable,andshewasofferedahighersalarythanwhenshehadgoldenorredhair.Otherstudieshavefoundsimilarresults.Manyrespondentsratewomenwithgoldenhairwithlessintelligentthanotherpeople,andredheadsasmoretemperamental.Womenwithredorgoldenhairarevictimsofthecommonpracticeofstereotyping.Astereotypeisasimplisticorexaggeratedimagethathumanscarryingintheirmindsaboutgroupsofpeople.Forexample,lawyersareshrewdanddishonestisapopularstereotype.Stereotypingcanoccurinpublicspeakingclasses.Whentryingtochooseaspeechtopic,somemalesthinkthatwomenareuninterestedinhowtorepaircars,whilesomefemalesthinkthatmenareuninterestedincreativehobbies,suchasknittingandneedlepoint.Weshouldrejectstereotypes,becausetheyforceallpeopleinagroupintothesamesimplepattern.Theyfailtoaccountforindividualdifferences,andthewiderangeofcharacteristicsamongmembersofanygroup.Somelawyersaredishonest,yes!Butmanyarenot.Somewomenareuninterestedinrepairingcars,yes!Butsomeareenthusiasticmechanics.Questions33-35Q33:WhatdidresearchersatCaliforniaStateUniversityfind?Q34:Whatisthepopularstereotypeoflawyers?Q35:Whydoesthespeakersayweshouldrejectstereotypes?
5From:http://www.hxen.com/englishlistening/CET6/zhenti/2009-12-20/97264_3.htmlSectionCTheancientGreeksdevelopedbasicmemorysystemscalledmnemonics.ThenameisderivedfromtheirGoddessofmemory"Mnemosyne".Intheancientworld,atrainedmemorywasanimmenseasset,particularlyinpubliclife.Therewerenoconvenientdevicesfortakingnotes,andearlyGreekoratorsdeliveredlongspeecheswithgreataccuracybecausetheylearnedthespeechesusingmnemonicsystems.TheGreeksdiscoveredthathumanmemoryislargelyanassociativeprocessthatitworksbylinkingthingstogether.Forexample,thinkofanapple.Theinstantyourbrainregisterstheword"apple",itrecallstheshape,color,taste,smellandtextureofthatfruit.Allthesethingsareassociatedinyourmemorywiththeword"apple".Thismeansthatanythoughtaboutacertainsubjectwilloftenbringupmorememoriesthatarerelatedtoit.Anexamplecouldbewhenyouthinkaboutalectureyouhavehad.Thiscouldtriggeramemoryaboutwhatyou'retalkingaboutthroughthatlecture,whichcanthentriggeranothermemory.Associationsdonothavetobelogical.Theyjusthavetomakeagoodlink.AnexamplegivenonawebsiteIwaslookingatfollows,"DoyouremembertheshapeofAustria?Canada?Belgium?OrGermany?Probablynot.WhataboutItalythough?IfyouremembertheshapeofItaly,itisbecauseyouhavebeentoldatsometimethatItalyisshapedlikeaboot.Youmadeanassociationwithsomethingalreadyknown,theshapeofaboot.AndItalyshapecouldnotbeforgottenonceyouhadmadetheassociation."From:http://www.hxen.com/englishlistening/CET6/zhenti/2009-12-20/97264_4.html
