大学英语六级阅读专项练习35篇附答案

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大学英语六级阅读专项练习35篇附答案全国英语六级阅读理解阅读理解专项练习35篇1.2007年12月英语六级阅读专项训练（1）GivingCreditWhere CreditIsNotDueThebigidentity-theftbustlastweekwasjustatasteofwhat'sto come.Here'showtoprotectyourgoodnameHERE'STHESCARYTHINGabouttheidentity- theftringthatthefedscrackedlastweek:therewasnothinganyofitsestimated40,000 victimscouldhavedonetopreventitfromhappening.Thiswasaninsidejob,according tocourtdocuments.Alowlyhelp-deskworkeratTeledataCommunications,asoftwarefirm thathelpsbanksaccesscreditreportsonline,allegedlystolepasswordsforthose reportsandsoldthemtoagroupof20thievesat$60apop.Thatallowedthegangto cherry-pickconsumerswithgoodcreditandapplyforallkindsofaccountsintheir names.Costtothevictims:$3millionandrising.Evenscarieristhatthis,thelargest identity-theftbusttodate,isjustadropinthebitbucket.Morethan700,000 Americanshavetheircredithijackedeveryyear.It'soneofcrime'sbiggestgrowth markets.Aname,addressandSocialSecuritynumber--whichcanoftenbefoundontheWeb --isallanybodyneedstoapplyforaboguslineofcredit.Creditcompaniesmake$1.3 trillionannuallyandloselessthan2%ofthatrevenuetofraud,sothere'slittle financialincentiveforthemtomaketheapplicationprocessmoresecure.Asitstands now,it'suptoyoutoprotectyouridentity.Thegoodnewsisthatthereareplentyof stepsyoucantake.Mostcreditthievesareopportunists,notwell-organizedgangs.Alot ofthemgoDumpsterdivingforthosemillionsof"pre-approved"credit-cardmailingsthat goouteveryday.Othersstealwalletsandreturnthem,takingonlyaSocialSecurity number.ShreddingyourjunkmailandleavingyourSocialSecuritycardathomecansavea

1lotofagonylater.Butthemosteffectivewaytokeepyouridentitycleanistocheck yourcreditreportsonceortwiceayear.Therearethreemajorcredit-reportoutfits: Equifax(atequifax.com),Trans-Union(www.transunion.com)andExperian(experian.com). Allallowyoutoorderreportsonline,whichisalotbetterthanwadingthroughvoice- mailhellontheir800lines.Ofthethree,IfoundTransUnion'swebsitetobethe cheapestandmostcomprehensive--layingoutstate-by-stateprices,rightsandtipsfor consumersineasy-to-readfashion.Ifyou'reluckyenoughtoliveinColorado,Georgia, Maryland,Massachusetts,NewJerseyorVermont,youareentitledtoonefreereporta yearbylaw.Otherwiseit'sgoingtocost$8to$14eachtime.Avoidservicesthatoffer tomonitoryourreportsyear-roundforabout$70;that's$10morethanthegoingrate amongthieves.Ifyouthink第1页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解you'reavictimofidentitytheft,youcanaskforfraudalertstobeputonfileat eachofthethreecredit-reportcompanies.Youcanalsodownloadatheft-reportformat www.consumer.gov/idtheft,which,alongwithalocalpolicereport,shouldhelpwhenirate creditorscomeknocking.Justdon'texpectjustice.Thataudacioushelp-deskworkerwas oneofthefewerthan2%ofidentitythieveswhoareevercaught.1.Whatisthetrendof credit-theftcrime?[A]Tightlysuppressed.[B]Morefrightening.[C]Rapidlyincreasing. [D]looselycontrolled.2.Theexpression“insidejob”(Line6,Paragraph1)mostprobably means.[A]acrimethatiscommittedbyapersonworkingforthevictim[B]acrimethat shouldbepunishedseverely[C]acrimethatdoesgreatharmtothevictim[D]acrimethat posesagreatthreattothesociety3.Thecreditorscanprotecttheiridentityinthe

2followingwayexcept.[A]destroyingyourjunkmail[B]leavingyourSocialSecuritycard athome[C]visitingthecredit-reportwebsiteregularly[D]obtainingthefreereportfrom thegovernment4.Whyisiteasytohavecredit-theft?[A]Morepeopleareusingcredit service.[B]Theapplicationprogramisnotsafeenough.[C]Creditorsusuallydisclose theiridentity.[D]Creditorsarenotcarefulabouttheiridentity.5.Whatisthebest titleofthetext?[A]Thedangerofcredit-theft[B]Thelossofthecreditors[C]Howto protectyourgoodname[D]Whythecreditorslosetheiridentity2.2007年12月英语六级 阅读专项训练（2）Opinionpollsarenowbeginningtoshowthat,whoeveristoblameand whateverhappensfromnowon,highunemploymentisprobablyheretosay.Thismeanswe shallhavetofindwaysofsharingtheavailableemploymentmorewidely.Butweneedto gofurther.Wemustasksomefundamentalquestionsaboutthefuturework.Shouldwe continuetotreatemploymentasthenorm?Shouldwenotratherencouragemanywaysfor self-respectingpeopletowork?Shouldwenotcreateconditionsinwhichmanyofuscan workforourselves,ratherthanforanemployer?Shouldwenotaimtorevivethe householdandtheneighborhood,aswellasthefactoryandtheoffice,ascentersof productionandwork?Theindustrialagehasbeentheonlyperiodofhumanhistoryin which第2页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解mostpeople’sworkhastakentheformofjobs.Theindustrialagemaynowbecoming toanend,andsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobe reversed.Thisseemsadauntingthought.But,infact,itcouldoffertheprospectofa betterfutureforwork.Universalemployment,asitshistoryshows,hasnotmeant

3economicfreedom.Employmentbecamewidespreadwhentheenclosuresofthe17thand18th centuriesmademanypeopledependentonpaidworkbydeprivingthemoftheuseofthe land,andthusofthemeanstoprovidealivingforthemselves.Thenthefactorysystem destroyedthecottageindustriesandremovedworkfrompeople’shomes.Later,as transportimprovedfirstbyrailandthenbyroad,peoplecommutedlongerdistancesto theirplacesofemploymentuntil,eventually,manypeople’sworklostallconnection withtheirhomelivesandtheplacesinwhichtheylive.Meanwhile,employmentput womenatadisadvantage.Inpreindustrialtimes,menandwomenhadsharedtheproductive workofthehouseholdandvillagecommunity.Nowitbecamecustomaryforthehusbandto goouttopaidemployment,leavingtheunpaidworkofthehomeandfamiliestohiswife. Taxandbenefitregulationsstillassumethisnormtoday,andrestrictmoreflexible sharingofworkrolesbetweenthesexes.Itwasnotonlywomenwhoseworkstatus suffered.Asemploymentbecamethedominantformofwork,youngpeopleandoldpeople wereexcluded—aproblemnow,asmoreteenagersbecomefrustratedatschoolandmore retiredpeoplewanttoliveactivelives.Allthismaynowhavetochange.Thetime hascertainlycometoswitchsomeeffortandresourcesawayfromtheidealistgoal creatingjobsforall,totheurgentpracticaltaskofhelpingmanypeopletomanage withoutfull-timejobs.21.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A）Employment becamewidespreadinthe17thand18thcenturies.B）Unemploymentwillremainamajor problemforindustrializednations.C）Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend. D）Someeffortsandresourcesshouldbedevotedtohelpingmorepeoplecopewiththe problemofunemployment.22.WhichofthefollowingwasNOTmentionedasafactor

4contributingtothespreadofemployment?A）Theenclosuresofthe17thand18th centuries.B）Thedevelopmentoffactories.C）Relieffromhouseworkonthepart ofwomen.D）Developmentofmodernmeansoftransportation.第3页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解23.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A）mostpeoplewhohavebeenpolled believethattheproblemofunemploymentmaynotbesolvedwithinashortperiodoftime B）manyfarmerslosttheirlandwhennewrailwaysandfactorieswerebeing constructedC）inpreindustrialsocietieshouseworkandcommunityserviceweremainly carriedoutbywomenD）someofthechangesinworkpatternthattheindustrialage broughthavebeenreversed24.Whatdoestheword“daunting”inthethirdparagraph mean?A）ShockingB）InterestingC）ConfusingD）Stimulating25.Whichofthe followingisNOTsuggestedasapossiblemeanstocopewiththecurrentsituation?A） Createsituationsinwhichpeopleworkforthemselves.B）Treatemploymentasthe norm.C）Endeavortorevivethehouseholdandtheneighborhoodascentersof production.D）Encouragepeopletoworkincircumstancesotherthannormalworking conditions.3.2007年12月英语六级阅读专项训练（3）Nooneshouldbeforcedtoweara uniformunderanycircumstance.Uniformsaredemandingtothehumanspiritandtotally unnecessaryinademocraticsociety.Uniformstelltheworldthatthepersonwhowears onehasnovalueasanindividualbutonlylivestofunctionasapartofawhole.The individualinauniformlosesallself-worth.Therearethosewhosaythatwearinga uniformgivesapersonasenseofidentificationwithalarger,moreimportantconcept. Whatcouldbemoreimportantthantheindividualhimself?Ifanorganizationissoweak

5thatitmustrelyonclothandbuttonstoinspireitsmembers,thatorganizationhasno righttocontinueitsexistence.Otherssaythatthepracticeofmakingpersonswear uniforms,sayinaschool,eliminatesallenvyandcompetitioninthematterofdress, suchthatapoorpersonwhocannotaffordgood-qualityclothingisnottobebelittledby awealthypersonwhowearsexpensivequalityclothing.Thosepersonsconvenientlyignore suchcriticalconceptsasfreedomofchoice,motivation,andindividuality.Ifall personsweretowearthesameclothing,whywouldanyonestrivetobebetter?Itisonly ashortstepfromforcingeveryonetodrivethesamecar,havethesametypeoffoods. Whenthishappens,allincentivetoimproveone’slifeisremoved.Whywouldparents bothertoworkhardsothattheirchildrencouldhaveabetterlifethantheyhadwhen theyknowthattheirchildrenaregoingtobeforcedtohaveexactlythesamelifethat theyhad?第4页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解Uniformsalsohurttheeconomy.Rightnow,billionsofdollarsarespentonthe fashionindustryyearly.Thousandsofpersonsareemployedindesigning,creatingand marketingdifferenttypesofclothing.Ifeveryonewereforcedtowearuniforms,artistic personnelwouldbeunnecessary.Salespersonswouldbesuperfluousaswell;whybotherto selltheonlyitemsthatareavailable?Thewearingofuniformswoulddestroythefashion industry,whichinturnwouldhavearippleeffectonsuchindustriesasadvertisingand promotion.Withoutadvertising,newspapers,magazines,andtelevisionwouldnotbeable toremaininbusiness.Oneentireinformationandentertainmentindustrywouldcollapse. 26.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeinwritingthispassagewasto.A）pleadforthe

6abolishmentofuniformsB）showthatuniformsarenotpossibleinademocraticsociety C）advocatestrongergovernmentalcontrolsonthewearingofuniformsD）convince thereaderthatuniformshavemoredisadvantagesthanadvantages27.Whydoestheauthor discussforcingeveryonetobuythesamecaroreatthesamefood?A)Toshowthat freedomofchoiceisabsolute.B)Toshowthatthegovernmenthasinterferedtoomuch inthelivesofindividual.C)Tosuggestwhatwouldhappenifuniformsbecame compulsory.D)Topredictthewaythesocietywillbeinthenextfewgenerations. 28.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtotheauthor?A)Theperson whowearsauniformhasnoself-worth.B)Wearingauniformgivesapersonasenseof identificationwithalargerconcept.C)Uniformswillhurtoneentireinformationand entertainmentindustry.D)Envyandcompetitionareincentivetoimproveone’slife. 29.Theword“superfluous”(Para.3)mostprobablymeans.A)indispensableB) availableC)surplusD)supplementary30.Thenextparagraphinthispassagemight discuss.A)thepositiveeffectsofwearinguniformsB)morenegativeeffectsof wearinguniformsC)alternativetowearinguniformsD)thelegalrightsofthose notwishingtowearuniforms4.2007年12月英语六级阅读专项训练（4）Astrangething abouthumansistheircapacityforblindrage.Rageispresumablyanemotionresulting fromsurvivalinstinct,butthe第5页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解surprisingthingaboutitisthatwedonotdeployitagainstotheranimals.Ifwe encounteradangerouswildanimal-apoisonoussnakeorawildcat-wedonotflyinto atemper.Ifweareunarmed,weshowfearandattempttobackaway;ifwearesuitably

7armed,weattack,butinarationalmannernotinarage.Wereserverageforourown species.Itishardtoseeanysurvivalvalueinattackingone’sown,butifwetake accountofthelongcompetition,whichmusthaveexistedbetweenourownsubspeciesand otherslikeNeanderthalman-indeedothersstillmoreremotefromusthanNeanderthal manhumanragebecomesmorecomprehensible.Inoureverydaylanguageandbehaviorthere aremanyremindersofthoseearlystruggles.Wearealwaysusingthewords“usandthem ”.“Our”sideisperpetuallytryingtododownthe“other”side.Ingameswe artificiallycreateothersubspecieswecanattack.Theoppositionof“us”and“them” isthetouchstoneofthetwo-partysystemof“democratic”politics.Althoughthereare noveryseriousconsequencestomanyofthesemodernpsychologicalrepresentationsofthe “usandthem”emotion,itisaswelltorememberthattheoriginalaimwasnottobeat theothersubspeciesinagamebuttoexterminateit.Thereadinesswithwhichhumans allowthemselvestoberegimentedhaspermittedlargearmiestobeformed,which,taken togetherwiththe“usandthem”blindrage,hasledtodestructiveclasheswithinour subspeciesitself.TheFirstWorldWarisanexampleinwhichEuropedivideditselfinto twoimaginarysubspecies.AndthereisasimilarexterminationbattlenowinNorthern Ireland.Theideathatthereisareligiousbasisforthisclashisillusory,fornot eventhePopehasbeenabletocontrolit.Theclashismuchmoreprimitivethanthe Christianreligion,mucholderinitsemotionalorigin.TheconflictinIrelandis unlikelytostopuntilagreaterprimitivefearisimposedfromoutsidethecommunity,or untilthecombatantsbecomeexhausted.31.Asuitabletitleforthispassagewouldbe. A)WhyHumanArmiesAreFormedB)Man’sAngerAgainstRageC)TheHumanCapacity

8forRageD)EarlyStrugglesofAngryMan32.Accordingtotheauthor,thesurprising aspectofhumanangeris.A)itslengthyandcomplexdevelopmentB)aconflictsuch asisnowgoingoninNorthernIrelandC)thatwedonotflyintoatempermoreoften D)thatwereserveangerformankind33.Thepassagesuggeststhat.A) historically,wehavecreatedan“us”versus“them”societyB)humanshavehada naturaldisinclinationtowardformalgrouping第6页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解C)theFirstWorldWarisanexampleofhowmanhasalwaysavoideddominationD) theemotionaloriginofthewarinIrelandislostintime34.Fromthepassagewecan inferthat.A)theartificialcreationofasubspeciesunlikeusissomethingthat neverhappensB)gamesarepsychologicallyunhealthyC)anyartificiallycreated subspecieswouldbeourenemyD)therealorimaginedexistenceofanopposing subspeciesisinherentinman’sactivities35.Theauthorbelievesthatareligious explanationforthewarinNorthernIrelandis.A)foundedinhistoricalfactB) deceptiveC)apparentD)probablyaccurate5.2007年12月英语六级阅读专项训练（5） Thefirstwaywecanapproachlanguageisasaphenomenonoftheindividualperson.Itis concernedwithdescribingandexplaininglanguageasamatterofhumanbehavior.People speakandwrite;theyalsoevidentlyreadandunderstandwhattheyhear.Theyarenot borndoingso;theyhavetoacquiretheseskills.Noteverybodyseemstodevelopthemto thesamedegree.Peoplemaysufferaccidentsordiseases,whichimpairtheirperformance. Languageisthusseenaspartofhumanpsychology,aparticularsortofbehavior,the behavior,whichhasasitsprincipal,functionthatofcommunication.Thetroublewith

9theterm“behavior”isthatitisoftentakentoreferonlytomoreorlessovert,and describable,physicalmovementsandacts.Yetpartoflanguagebehavior-thatof understandingspokenorwrittenlanguage,forexample-haslittleornophysically observablesigns.Itistruewecansometimesinferthatunderstandinghastakenplaceby thechangesthattakeplaceintheotherperson’sbehavior.Whensomeonehasbeen prohibitedfromdoingsomething,wemayinferthathehasunderstoodtheprohibitionby observingthatthereafterheneverbehavesinthatway.Wecannot,ofcourse,be absolutelysurethathissubsequentbehaviorisaresultofhisunderstanding;itmight beduetoalossofinterestorinclination.Sobehaviormustbetakentoinclude unobservableactivity,oftenonlytobeinferredfromotherobservablebehavior.Once weadmitthatthestudyoflanguagebehaviorinvolvesdescribingandexplainingthe unobservable,thesituationbecomesmuchmorecomplicated,becausewehavetopostulate somesetofprocesses,someinternalmechanism,whichoperateswhenwespeakand understand.Wehavetopostulatesomethingwecancallamind.Thestudyoflanguagefrom thispointofviewcanthenbeseenasastudyofthespecificproperties,processesand statesofthemind第7页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解whoseoutwardmanifestationsareobservablebehavior;whatwehavetoknowinorder toperformlinguistically.Thisapproachtolanguage,asaphenomenonofthe individual,isthusprincipallyconcernedwithexplaininghowweacquirelanguage,and itsrelationtogeneralhumancognitivesystems,andwiththepsychologicalmechanisms underlyingthecomprehensionandproductionofspeech;muchlesswiththeproblemofwhat

10languageisfor,thatis,itsfunctionascommunication,sincethisnecessarilyinvolves morethanasingleindividual.36.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A) LanguageasMeansofCommunication.B)LanguageandPsychology.C)Languageandthe Individual.D)LanguageasaSocialPhenomenon.37.Accordingtothepassage,which ofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A)Languageisoftenregardedaspartofhuman psychology.B)Peopledeveloplanguageskillsofdifferentdegreesasaresultof differentpersonalexperiences.C)Languageisaspecialkindofpsychologicalbehavior thatisbornwithanindividual.D)Peoplelearntospeakandwritethroughimitation andtraining.38.Whatdoestheterm“behavior”inthesecondparagraphespecially refertointhispassage?A)Itreferstoobservableandphysicalmovementsandacts. B)Itreferstothepartoflanguagebehaviorthatinvolvesunderstandingor interpretation.C)Itreferstoboththeovertandtheunobservablelanguagebehaviors incommunicating.D)Itreferstoactsofspeakingandwriting.39.Whatdoes “internalmechanism”(Line3,Para.3)mean?A)Secretmachine.B)Mentalprocesses. C)Overtsystem.D)Mechanicoperation.40.Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?A) Itsindividualisticapproachtolanguageismeanttostudythepsychologicalprocessesof languageacquisition.B)Theindividualisticapproachtolanguageismainlyconcerned withhowlanguagefunctionsinsociety.C)Thestudyoflanguageissuretoinvolve morethanasingleindividual.D)Psychologicalapproachtolanguageisconcernedwith thecomprehensionandproductionofspeech.6.2007年12月英语六级阅读专项训练（6）The Americaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasically第8页共52页羽天

11全国英语六级阅读理解private-enterprise，market-orientedeconomyinwhichconsumerslargelydetermine whatshallbeproducedbyspendingtheirmoneyinthemarketplaceforthosegoodsand servicesthattheywantmost.Privatebusinessmen，strivingtomakeprofits，produce thesegoodsandservicesincompetitionwithotherbusinessmen；andtheprofitmotive， operatingundercompetitivepressures，largelydetermineshowthesegoodsandservices areproduced.Thus，intheAmericaneconomicsystemitisthedemandofindividual consumers，coupledwiththedesireofbusinessmentomaximizeprofitsandthedesireof individualstomaximizetheirincomes，thattogetherdeterminewhatshallbeproduced andhowresourcesareusedtoproduceit.Animportantfactorinamarket-oriented economyisthemechanismbywhichconsumerdemandscanbeexpressedandrespondedtoby producers.IntheAmericaneconomy，thismechanismisprovidedbyapricesystem，a processinwhichpricesriseandfallinresponsetorelativedemandsofconsumersand suppliesofferedbyseller-producers.Iftheproductisinshortsupplyrelativetothe demand，thepricewillbebidupandsomeconsumerswillbeeliminatedfromthemarket. If，ontheotherhand，producingmoreofacommodityresultsinreducingitscost， thiswilltendtoincreasethesupplyofferedbyseller-producers，whichinturnwill lowerthepriceandpermitmoreconsumerstobuytheproduct.Thus，priceisthe regulatingmechanismintheAmericaeconomicsystem.Theimportantfactorinaprivate- enterpriseeconomyisthatindividualareallowedtoownproductiveresources（private property），andtheyarepermittedtohirelabor，gaincontrolovernaturalresources， andproducegoodsandservicesforsaleataprofit.IntheAmericaneconomy，the conceptofprivatepropertyembracesnotonlytheownershipofproductiveresourcesbut

12alsocertainrights，includingtherighttodeterminethepriceofaproductortomake afreecontractwithanotherprivateindividual.1.InPara.1，“thedesireof individualstomaximizetheirincomes”means.A.Americansneverfeelsatisfiedwith theirincomes.B.Americanstendtooverstatetheamountoftheirincomes.C.Americans wanttohavetheirincomesincreased.D.Americanswanttoincreasethepurchasingpower oftheirincomes.2.Thefirsttwosentencesinthesecondparagraphclaritytheideato usthat.A.producerscansatisfytheconsumersbymechanizedproduction.B.consumerscan expresstheirdemandsthroughproducers.C.producersdecidethepricesofproducts. D.supplyanddemandregulateprices.3.Theword“embraces”inPara.3probably parallels.第9页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解A.enfoldB.hugC.comprehendD.support4.Accordingtothepassage，aprivate- enterpriseeconomyischaracterizedby.A.privatepropertyandrightsconcerned. B.manpowerandnaturalresourcescontrol.C.ownershipofproductiveresourcesD.free contractsandprices.5.Thepassageismainlytalkingabout.A.howAmericangoodsare produced.B.howAmericanconsumersbuytheirgoods.C.howAmericaneconomicsystemworks. D.howAmericanbusinessmanmaketheirprofits7.2007年12月英语六级阅读专项训练（7） Therearevariouswaysinwhichindividualeconomicunitscaninteractwithoneanother. Threebasicwaysmaybedescribedasthemarketsystem，theadministeredsystem，and thetraditionalsystem.Inamarketsystemindividualeconomicunitsarefreetointeract amongeachotherinthemarketplace.Itispossibletobuycommoditiesfromother economicunitsorsellcommoditiestothem.Inamarket，transactionsmaytakeplace

13viabarterormoneyexchange.Inabartereconomy，realgoodssuchasautomobiles， shoes，andpizzasaretradedagainsteachother.Obviously，findingsomebodywhowants totrademyoldcarinexchangeforasailboatmaynotalwaysbeaneasytask.Hence， theintroductionofmoneyasamediumofexchangeeasestransactionsconsiderably.Inthe modernmarketeconomy，goodsandservicesareboughtorsoldformoney.Analternative tothemarketsystemisadministrativecontrolbysomeagencyoveralltransactions.This agencywillissueedictsorcommandsastohowmuchofeachgoodandserviceshouldbe produced，exchanged，andconsumedbyeacheconomicunit.Centralplanningmaybeone wayofadministeringsuchaneconomy.Thecentralplan，drawnupbythegovernment， showstheamountsofeachcommodityproducedbythevariousfirmsandallocatedto differenthouseholdsforconsumption.Thisisanexampleofcompleteplanningof production，consumption，andexchangeforthewholeeconomy.Inatraditionalsociety， productionandconsumptionpatternsaregovernedbytradition；everyperson‘splace withintheeconomicsystemisfixedbyparentage，religion，andcustom.Transactions takeplaceonthebasisoftradition，too.Peoplebelongingtoacertaingrouporcaste mayhaveanobligationtocareforotherpersons，providethemwithfoodandshelter， carefortheirhealth，andprovidefortheireducation.Clearly，inasystemwhere everydecision第10页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解ismadeonthebasisoftraditionalone，progressmaybedifficulttoachieve.A stagnantsocietymayresult.1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage？A.Tooutline contrastingtypesofeconomicsystems.B.Toexplainthescienceofeconomics.C.Toargue

14forthesuperiorityofoneeconomicsystem.D.Tocomparebarterandmoney-exchange markets.2.Inthesecondparagraph，theword“real”in“realgoods”couldbestbe replacedby，A.highqualityB.concreteC.utterD.authentic.3.Accordingtothepassage ，abartereconomycangenerate.A.rapidspeedoftransactions.B.misunderstandings. C.inflationD.difficultiesforthetraders.4.Accordingtothepassage，whohasthe greatestdegreeofcontrolintheadministeredsystem？A.IndividualhouseholdsB.Small businesses.C.Majorcorporations.D.Thegovernment.5.Whichofthefollowingisnot mentionedbytheauthorasacriterionfordeterminingaperson‘spositionina traditionalsociety？A.FamilybackgroundB.AgeC.Religiousbeliefs.D.Custom8.2007年 12月英语六级阅读专项训练（8）Westernairlinermanufacturersseemtobetrippingover themselvesintheireagernesstosigncollaborativeagreementswithAsianpartnersasa low-costroutetodevelopingnewairliners.TheirpotentialAsianpartnersseemtobe trippingoverthemselvestosignsuchagreements，asalow-costroutetoacquiringnew airlinertechnology.Iftheyarenotcarefulthetwosideswillenduptrippingovereach other：theonebysellingitsbirth-rightforshort-termgain，theotherbytryingto breakintoamarketwhichisn‘tbigenoughtosustainit.Technologytransferworksina growingmarket，wheretheaspirationsofthenewentrantreceivingthattechnologycan bemetthroughexpansion.Theairlinermarketisnotsuchadevice.Eventhemost optimisticprojectionsofairlinersalesforthenext20yearsshowthatairliner manufacturecanonlybeprofitableifasmallnumberofaircraftbuilderssharethe availablesales.Itfollowsthatifnewmanufacturerscomeintothemarketandtakesales ，theirsalesmustcomefromsubstitution，notexpansion.Giventhecomplexityoftoday

15‘sairliners，itisunlikelythatanynewentrantwillhaveboththefinancialand technicalresourcestocomeintothemarketwithouttheinvolvementofanestablished manufacturer.Intheshortterm，suchinvolvementmaynotbetotheexclusivebenefitof thenewentrant：mostoftheestablishedmanufacturersaresearchingforwaystoreduce costsofmanufacture.第11页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解Intheshortterm，，itcanbeofbenefittoanestablishedWesternmanufacturer tohaveeithercomponentsofcompleteair–framesmadeorassembledinlower-wage economicssuchaChina，TaiwanorKorea，whileretainingthedesign，developmentand marketingofaircraftforitself.ItwouldbeaveryunwiseWesternmanufacturerwhich didnotheedthefactthatthesedevelopingeconomiesareacquiringskills（like computing）atleastasquicklyastheyareacquiringskillsinmetallbashing.The dangercomeswhenthenewentrantnolongerneedstheestablishedWesternpartnerbecause ithasacquiredthetechnicalandintellectualabilitytodesignandbuilditsown aircraft.AnAsianpartnermaywellfinditselfinthehappypositionofhavingthelow- costlabourbase，thehigh-costtechnologybaseandthevitalfinancialbasetobuilda newairliner.1.Theauthor‘sattitudetowardsWestern/easterncollaborationcanbe depictedas.A.positiveB.progressiveC.conservativeD.negative2.“Theairlinermarket isnotsuchadevice”meansthattheairlinermarket.A.doesnotencouragetechnology transferB.istoolimitedtoofferchancesofsuccessC.requireshi-techratherthan unaccepteddevicesD.isfullofcompetitionsevenfornewentrants3.Established manufacturerssearchforpartnersinorderto.A.savethecostoftheairframeB.improve

16someaircraftcomponentsC.savethecostoflabourD.developnewtechnology4.According totheauthor，awiseestablishedmanufacturershould.A.trytobenefitfromboth financialandtechnicalresourcesB.breakuphispartnershipwiththeEastonceprofits aremadeC.keepatighttoldoverhi-techdevelopmentandmarketingofairliners D.collaboratewithAsianpartnersforashorttime5.Theword“base”inthelast paragraphrepresents.A.aproductionplaceB.theinitialoperationofbuildingaircraft C.aresearchinstituteD.apositionwheretostartbuilding9.2008年6月英语六级阅读理 解专项训练(1)Thereisevidencethattheusualvarietyofhighbloodpressureis,in part,afamiliardisease.Sincefamilieshavesimilargenesaswellassimilar environments,familiardiseasescouldbeduetosharedgeneticinfluences,toshared environmentalfactors,ortoboth.Forsomeyears,theroleofoneenvironmentalfactor commonlysharedby第12页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解families,namelydietarysalt(i.e.,sodiumchloride),hasbeenstudiedatBrookhaven NationalLaboratory.Thesestudiessuggestthatchromicexcesssaltingestioncanleadto highbloodpressureinmanandanimals.Someindividuals,however,andsomeratsconsume largeamountsofsaltwithoutdevelopinghighbloodpressure.Nomatterhowstrictlyall environmentalfactorswerecontrolledintheseexperiments,somesalt-fedanimalsnever developedhypertensionwhereasafewrapidlydevelopedveryseverehypertensionfollowed byearlydeath.Thesemarkedvariationswereinterpretedtoresultfromdifferencesin geneticconstitution.Bymatingissuccessivegenerationsonlythoseanimalsthatfailed todevelophypertensionfromsaltingestion,aresistantstrain(the"R"Strain)hasbeen

17evolvedinwhichconsumptionoflargequantitiesofsaltfailstoinfluencetheblood pressuresignificantly.Incontrast,bymatingonlyanimalsthatquicklydevelop hypertensionfromsalt,asensitivestrain("S"strain)hasalsobeendeveloped.The availabilityofthesetowstrainspermitsinvestgationsnotheretoforepossible.They provideaplausiblelaboratorymodelonwhichtoinvestigatesomeclinicalaspectsofthe humanprototypesofhypertension.Moreimportant,theremightbethepossibilityof developingmethodsbywhichgeneticsusceptibilityofhumanbeingstohighbloodpressure canbedefinedwithoutwaitingforitsappearance.Radioactivesodium22wasanimportant "tool"inworkingoutthecharacteristicsofthesodiumchloridemetabolism.1.Thestudy oftheeffectsofsaltonhighbloodpressurewascarriedout.A.asmembersofthesame familytendtousesimilaramountsofsaltB.toexplorethelong-termuseofasodium basedsubstanceC.becauseitwasproventhatsaltcausedhighbloodpressureD.becauseof theavailabilityofchemicallypuresaltanditsderivatives2.Themaindifference between"S"and"R"ratsistheir.A.needforsodium22B.rateofmatingC.reactionto saltD.typeofblood3.Wecaninferfromthearticlethatsodium22candeusedto. A.controlhighbloodpressureB.curehighbloodpressurecausedbysaltC.tellthe"S" ratsfromthe"R"ratsD.determinewhatasodiumchloridemetabolismislike4.Themost beneficialresultsoftheresearchmightbe.A.developmentofdietsfreeofsaltB.an earlycureforhighbloodpressureC.controlofgeneticagentsthatcausehighblood pressure第13页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解D.theearlyidentificationofpotentialhighbloodpressurevictims5.Whichofthe

18statementsbestrelatesthemainideaofthisarticle?A.Whensaltisaddedratsand humanbeingsreactsimilarly.B.Thenearfuturewillseeacureforhighbloodpressure. C.Themedicalfieldisdesperatelyinneedofresearch.D.Atendencytowardhighblood pressuremaybeahereditaryfactor.10.2008年6月英语六级阅读理解专项训练(2)The ColonelaskAshendenagoodmanyquestionsandthensuggestedthathehadparticular qualificationsfortheSecretService.AshendenknewseveralEuropeanlanguagesandthe factthathewasawriterprovidedexcellentcover:onthepretextthathewaswritinga bookhecould,withoutattractingattention,visitanyneutralcountry.Itwaswhilethey werediscussingthispointthattheColonelsaid,"Youknowyoumightgetmaterialthat wouldbeveryusefultoyouinyourwork.I'lltellyouanincidentthatoccurredonly recently.Verydramatic.AforeigngovernmentministerwentdowntoaMediterranean resorttofecoverfromacoldandhehadsomeveryimportantdocumentswithhimthathe keptinadespatchcase."Adayortwoafterhearrived,hepickedupablondeatsome restaurantorother,andhegotveryfriendlywithher.Hetookherbacktohishotel, andwhenhecametohimselfinthemorningtheladyandthedespatch-casehad disappeared.Theyhadoneortwodrinksupinhisroomandhistheoryisthatwhenhis backwasturnedthewomanslippedadruginhisglass.""Doyoumeantosaythathappened theotherday?"saidAshendenwearily."Theweekbeforelast.""Impossible,"cried Ashenden."Why,we'vebeenputtingthatincidentonthestageforsixtyyears,we've writtenitinathousandnovels.Doyoumeantosaythatlifehasonlyjustcaughtup withus?""Well,Icanvouchforthetruthofthestory."saidtheColonel,"Andbelieve me,thegovernmentconcernedhasbeenputtonoendoftroublebythelossofthe

19documents.""Wellsir,ifyoucan'tdobetterthanthatintheSecretService,"sighed Ashenden,"thatI'mafraidthatasasourceofinspirationtothewriteroffiction,it's washout."1.HowdidtheColonelsuggestthatAshenden'sbeingawriterwouldrelateto hisworkasaspy?A.Itwouldmaketravellingabroadmorepossible.B.Itwouldmakeit easierforhimtomeetpeople.C.Itwouldenablehimtoavoidarousingsuspicion.D.It wouldenablehimtousethelanguagesheknew.2.ThereasonfortheMinister'stripwas. A.tofetchsomedocuments第14页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解B.togetoveranillnessC.tomeetaspyD.todeliversomepapers3.Accordingtothe Coloneltheincidenthappened.A.afewdaysbeforeB.afewweeksbeforeC.twoweeks beforeD.sixtyyearsbefore4.Ashendencried'Impossible'afterhearingtheColonel's storybecausehethought.A.itcouldnotpossiblyhappenB.itwastooembarrassingC.it wastooclosetofictionD.itwastoorecent5.Theeffectofthelossofdocumentsonthe foreigngovernmentwasthat.A.itputanendtoonesourceoftroubleB.itcausedthema lotofinconvenienceC.theymerelydeniedithadhappenedD.theyrefusedtobelieveit 11.2008年6月英语六级阅读理解专项训练(3)"Cultureshock"occursasresultoftotal immersioninanewculture.Ithappensto"peoplewhohavebeensuddenlytransplanted abroad."Newcomersmaybeanxiousbecausetheydonotspeakthelanguage,knowthe customs,orunderstandpeople'sbehaviorindailylife.Thevisitorfindsthat"yes"may notalwaysmean"yes",thatfriendlinessdoesnotnecessarilymeanfriendship,orthat statementsthatappeartobeseriousarereallyintendedasjokes.Theforeignermaybe unsureastowhentoshakehands,whentostartconversations,orhowtoapproacha

20stranger.Thenotionof"cultureshock"helpsexplainfeelingsofbewildermentand disorientation.Languageproblemsdonotaccountforallthefrustrationsthatpeople feel.Whenoneisdeprivedofeverythingthatwasoncefamiliar,suchasunderstandinga transportationsystem,knowinghowtoregisterforuniversityclasses,orknowinghowto makefriends,difficultiesincopingwhththenewsocietymayarise."……whenan individualentersastrangeculture,heorsheislikefishoutofwater."Newcomersfeel attimesthattheydonotbelongtoandfeelalienatedfromthenativemembersofthe culture.Whenthishappensvisitorsmaywanttorejecteverythingaboutthenew environmentandmayglorifyandexaggeratethepositiveaspectsoftheirown culture.Converselyvisitorsmayscorntheirnativecountrybyrejectingitsvaluesand insteadchoosingtoidentifywith(ifonlytemporatily)thevalueofthenewcountry.This mayoccurasan第15页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解attempttoover-identifywiththenewcultureinordertobeacceptedbythepeople init.1.Theexpression"heorsheislikefishoutofwater"suggests.A.peopleaway fromtheirculturescanhardlysurviveinanewcultureB.afishcannotsurvivewithout waterC.peopleawayfromtheircultureexperiencementalisolationD.peopleawayfrom theirculturehavedifficultiesinnewenvironment2.Inordertoidentifywiththenew environment,somepeoplemay.A.giveanexaggeratedpictureoftheirowncountry B.criticizethepositiveaspectsoftheirowncountyC.abandontheiroriginalbeliefs D.acceptatemporarysetofvalues3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccording totheauthor?A.Perplexityresultsincultureshock.B.Atypicalsymptomofculturshock

21isconfusion.C.Cultureshockistheexplanationofanxiety.D.Cultureshockhappensto foreignstudentsonly.4.Newcomermayworryabout.A.theirignoranceofthealien customsB.theirknowledgeof"Yes"inthenativelanguageC.theirunderstandingof friendshipD.theircontroloftheirbehavior5.Whentheforeignvisitorisimmersedin newproblemshefindshardtocopewhith,heismostlikelytofeel.A.uninsured B.deprivedC.alienatedD.baffled12.2008年12月英语六级阅读理解练习(1)Theorange towersoftheGoldenGateBridge--probablythemostbeautiful,certainlythemost photographedbridgeintheworld--arevisiblefromalmosteverypointofelevationinSan Francisco.TheonlycrackinNorthernCalifornia's600-milecontinentalwall,foryears thismile-widestraitwasconsideredunbridgeable.Asmuchanarchitecturalasan engineeringfeat,theGoldenGatetookonly52monthstodesignandbuild,andwasopened in1937.DesignedbyJosephStrauss,itwasthefirstreallymassivesuspension bridge,withaspanof4,200ft,anduntil1959rankedastheworld'slongest.Itconnects thecityatitsnorthwesterlypointonthepeninsulatoMarinCountyandNorthern California,renderingthehithertoessentialferrycrossingredundant,andwasdesigned towithstandwindsofuptoahundredmilesanhourandtoswingasmuchas27ft. Handsomeonaclearday,thebridgetakesonaneerie(神秘的)qualitywhenthethick whitefogspourinandhideitalmostcompletely.Youcaneitherdriveorwalkacross. Thedriveisthemorethrillingofthetwooptionsasyouraceunderthebridge'stowers, butthehalf-hourwalkacrossitreallygivesyoutimetotakeinitsenormous第16页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解sizeandabsorbtheviewsofthecitybehindyouandtheheadlandsofNorthern

22Californiastraightahead.Pauseatthemidwaypointandconsiderthesevenorso suicidesamonthwhochoosethisspot,260ftup,astheirjumping-offspot.Monitorsof sucheventsspeculatethatvictimsalwaysfacethecitybeforetheyleap.In1995,when thesuicidetollfromthebridgehadreachedalmost1,000,policekeptthefiguresquiet toavoidarushofwould-besuicidesgoingforthedubiousdistinctionofbeingthe thousandthpersontoleap.PerhapsthebestlovedsymbolofSanFrancisco,in1987the GoldenGateprovedanauspiciousplace(风水宝地)forasunrisepartywhencrowdsgathered tocelebrateitsfiftiethanniversary.Somequarterofamillionpeopleturnedup(a thirdofthecity'sentirepopulation);thewindswerestrongandhugenumberscausedthe bridgetobuckle(使弯曲),butfortunatelynottobreak.1.WhatisTUREoftheGolden GateBridge?A.Itiscertainlytheworld'smostbeautifulbridge.B.ItisfarfromSan Francisco.C.Itisafeatneitherarchitecturallynorengineeringlybefore1960.D.It wastheworldlongestbridge.2.WhatdoyouknowfurtherabouttheGoldenGateBridge? A.Itisoverastraitwherenobridgecouldhavebeenbuiltbeforethe1930s.B.Itis thefirstmassivebridgedesignedbyJosephStrauss.C.Itappearswhileinthethick whitefogs.D.ItconnectsMarinCountrywithNorthernCalifornia.3.Ofthetwo exercises,thedriveoverthebridgeismore.A.interestingB.fascinatingC.inviting D.exciting4.Thosewhoattempttosuicideoftenjumpfromthemidwaypointofthe bridgeprobablybecause.A.theywanttodiequietlyB.theywanttodiequicklyC.they wanttotakeaglanceatthebridge'stowersD.theywanttotakeaglanceatSan Francisco5.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheWorld'sMostBeautiful BridgeB.TheWorld'sMostPhotographedBridgeC.TheWorld'sFirstSuspensionBridge

23D.TheGoldenGateBridge13.2008年12月英语六级阅读理解练习(2)Anakedmoleratcolony, likeabeehive,wasp’snest,ortermitemound(防蚁丘),isruledbyitsqueen,or reproducingfemale.Otheradultfemalemoleratsneitherovulate(排卵)norbreed.The queenofthelargestmemberofthecolony,andshemaintainsherbreeding第17页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解statusthroughamixtureofbehavioraland,presumably,chemicalcontrol.Queenshave beenlong-livedincaptivity,andwhentheydieorareremovedfromacolonyonesees violentfightingforbreedingstatusamongthelargerremainingfemales,leadingtoa takeoverbyanewqueen.Eusocial(群居的)insectsocietieshaverigidcaste(等级的) systems,eachinsect’srolebeingdefinedbyitsbehavior,bodyshape,andphysiology. Innakedmoleratsocieties,ontheotherhand,differencesinbehaviorarerelated primarilytoreproductivestatus(reproductionbeinglimitedtothequeenandafew males),bodysize,andperhapsage.Smallernon-breedingmembers,bothmaleandfemale, seemtoparticipateprimarilyingatheringfood,transportingnestmaterial,and tunneling,Largernon-breedersareactiveindefendingthecolonyandperhapsinremoving dirtfromthetunnels.Oneworkhassuggestedthatdifferencesingrowthratesmay influencethelengthoftimethatanindividualperformsatask,regardlessofitsage. Cooperativebreedinghasevolvedmanytimesinvertebrates(脊椎动物),butunlikenaked molerats,mostcooperativelybreedingvertebrates(exceptthewilddog,Lycaonpictus) aredominatedbyapairofbreedersratherthanbyasinglebreedingfemale.Thedivision oflaborwithinsocialgroupsislesspronouncedamongothervertebratesthanamongnaked molerats,colonysizeismuchsmaller,andmatingbysubordinatefemalesmaynotbe

24totallysuppressed,whereasinnakedmoleratcoloniessubordinatefemalesarenot sexuallyactive,andmanyneverbreed.1.Whichofthefollowingmostaccuratelystates themainideaofthepassage?A.Nakedmoleratcoloniesexhibitsocialorganization basedonarigidcastesystem.B.Behaviorinnakedmoleratcoloniesmaywellbeaclose vertebrateanaloguetobehaviorineusocialinsectsocieties.C.Thematinghabitsof nakedmoleratsdifferfromthoseofanyothervertebratespecies.D.Nakedmolerat coloniesaretheonlyknownexamplesofcooperativelybreedingvertebratesocieties.2. Accordingtothepassage,thefollowingexplanatoryvariablesaccountsfornakedmolerat behaviorEXCEPTA.ageB.sizeC.growthrateD.reproductivestatus3.Inwhichofthe followingwaysdoestheperformanceoftasksinnakedmoleratcoloniesdifferfromtask performanceineusocialinsectsocieties?A.Innakedmoleratcolonies,alltasksare performedcooperatively.B.Ineusocialinsectsocieties,reproductionislimitedtoa single第18页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解female.C.Innakedmoleratcolonies,breedingislimitedtothelargestanimals.D. Innakedmoleratcolonies,theperformanceoftasksislessrigidlydeterminedbybody shape.4.Whichofthefollowingisasuppositionratherthanafactconcerningthequeen inanakedmoleratcolony?A.Sheexertschemicalcontroloverthecolony.B.Sheisthe largestmemberofthecolony.C.Shemateswithmorethanonemale.D.Sheistheonly breedingfemale.5.WhatcanyouinferfromthepassageaboutbreedingamongLyeaon pictus?A.Anindividual’sabilitytobreedisrelatedprimarilytoitsrateofgrowth. B.Breedingistheonlytaskperformedbythebreedingfemale.C.Breedinginthesocial

25groupisnotcooperative.D.Breedingisnotdominatedbyasinglepairofdogs14.2008 年12月英语六级阅读理解练习(3)Childrenaregettingsofattheymaybethefirst generationtodiebeforetheirparents,anexpertclaimedyesterday.Today’s youngstersarealreadyfallingpreytopotentialkillerssuchasdiabetes(糖尿病) becauseoftheirweight.Fattyfast-fooddietscombinedwithsedentary(长坐的) lifestylesdominatedbytelevisionsandcomputerscouldmeankidswilldietragically young,saysProfessorAndrewPrentice,fromtheLondonSchoolofHygieneandTropical Medicine.Atthesametime,theshapeofthehumanbodyisgoingthroughahuge evolutionaryshiftbecauseadultsaregettingsofat.HereinBritain,latestresearch showsthattheaveragewaistsizeforamanis36-38in,andmaybe42-44,by2032.This compareswithonly32.6in.in1972.Women’swaistshavegrownfromanaverageof22in.in 1920to24in.intheFiftiesand30in.now.Oneofthemajorreasonswhychildrennoware atgreaterriskisthatwearegettingfatteryounger.IntheUKalone,morethanone millionunder-16sareclassedasoverweightorobese(过度肥胖的)—doublethenumberin themidEighties.Oneintenfour-year-oldsarealsomedicallyclassifiedasobese.The obesity(肥胖症)pandemic（流行病）—anextensiveepidemic—whichstartedintheUS,has nowspreadtoEurope,Australasia,CentralAmericaandtheMiddleEast.Manynationsnow recordmorethan20percentoftheirpopulationasclinicallyobeseandwelloverhalf thepopulationasoverweight.第19页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解Prof.Prenticesaidthechangeinourshapehasbeencausedbyanoversupplyof easilyavailablehigh-energyfoodscombinedwithadramaticdropintheenergyweuseas

26aresultoftechnologydevelopments.Heisnotaloneinhisconcern.Onlylastweekone medicaljournalrevealedhowobesitywasfuellingariseincancercases.Obesityalso increasestheriskfactorforstrokesandheartdiseaseaswellasdiabetes.Anaveragely obeseperson’slifespanisshortenedbyaroundnineyearswhileaseverelyobese personbymanymore.Prof.Prenticesaid:”Sowillparentsoutlivetheirchildren,as claimedrecentlybyanAmericanobesityspecialist?Theanswerisyesandno.Yes,when theoffspringbecomegrosslyobese.Thisisnowbecominganalarminglycommonoccurrence intheUS.Suchchildrenandadolescentshaveagreatlyreducedqualityoflifeinterms ofboththeirphysicalandpsychosocialhealth.”Sosay”No”tothatdoughnutand burger.1.Prof.AndrewPrenticesaidthatthelifeofanextremelyfatchildA.mightbe shorterB.mightbelongerC.shorterthanhisfather,butlongerthanhismotherD. mightbelongerthanhisfather,butshorterthanhismother2.Theword“prey”(Line3, Para.1)meansA.victimB.vitaminC.foodD.fool3.Whichofthefollowingfailsto refertoanobesechild?A.Anextremelyweightychild.B.Anextremelyfatchild.C.An extremelyfattychild.D.Anoverweightchild.4.Accordingtothepassage,obesityis anextensiveepidemicstartinginA.AsiaB.NorthAmericaC.EuropeD.CentralAmerica 5.WhichofthefollowingdiseaseisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.pneumoniaB. diabetesC.heartdiseaseD.stroke15.2008年12月英语六级阅读理解练习(1)Proxemics(空 间关系学)isthestudyofwhatgovernshowcloselyonepersonstandstoanother.People whofeelclosewillbeclose,thoughtheactualdistanceswillvarybetweencultures.For Amreicanswecandiscernfourmaincategoriesofdistance:intimate,personal,socialand public.Intimaterangesfromdirectcontacttoabout45centimeters.Thisisforthe

27closestrelationshipssuchasthosebetweenhusbandandwife.Beyondthiscomespersonal distance.Thisstandsatbetween45and80centimeters.Itisthemostusualdistance maintainedforconversationsbetweenfriendsandrelatives.Socialdistancecoverspeople whoworktogetheroraremeetingatsocialgatherings.Distancesheretendtobekept between1.30to2第20页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解meters.Beyondthiscomespublicdistance,suchasthatbetweenalecturerandhis audience.Allculturesdrawlinesbetweenwhatisanappropriateandwhatisan inappropriatesocialdistancefordifferenttypesofrelationship.Theydiffer,however, inwheretheydrawtheselines.Lookataninternationalreceptionwithrepresentatives fromtheUSandArabiccountriesconversingandyouwillseetheAmericanspirouetting(快 速旋转)backwardsaroundthehallpursuedbytheirArabpartners.TheAmericanswillbe tryingtokeepthedistancebetweenthemselvesandtheirpartnerswhichtheyhavegrown usedtoregardingas“normal”.Theyprobablywillnotevennoticethemselvestryingto adjustthedistancebetweenthemselvesandtheirpartners,thoughtheymayhavevague feelingthattheirArabneighborsarebeingabit“pushy”.TheArab,ontheotherhand, comingfromaculturewheremuchcloserdistanceisthenorm,maybefeelingthatthe Americansarebeing“stand-offish”.Findingthemselveshappierstandingclosetoand eventouchingthosetheyareinconversationwiththeywillpersistentlypursuethe Americansroundtheroomtryingtoclosethedistancebetweenthem.Theappropriateness ofphysicalcontactvariesbetweendifferentculturestoo.Onestudyofthenumberof timespeopleconversingincoffeeshopsoveraonehourperiodshowedthefollowing

28interestingvariations:London,0;Florida,2;Paris,10;andPuertoRico180.Notonly doseitvarybetweensocieties,however,italsovariesbetweendifferentsubcultures withinonesociety.YoungpeopleinBritain,forexample,aremorelikelytotouchand hugfriendsthanaretheoldergeneration.Thismaybepartlyamatterofgrowingolder, butitalsoreflectsthefactthattheoldergenerationgrewupatatimewhentouching waslesscommonforallagegroups.Fortyyearsago,forexample,footballerswouldnever hugandkissoneanotheronthefieldafteragoalastheydotoday.1.Inproxemics, governsthestandingspacebetweentwopersons.A.distanceB.cultureC.conversationD. relationship2.Theword“stand-offish”(Line14,Para.2)couldbestbereplacedby. A.coldanddistantinbehaviourB.ungentlemanlikeinbehaviourC.inhumaninbehaviour D.politeinbehaviour3.InconversationwithanAmericanpartnerataninternational reception,anArabdeemsthatclosedistantis.A.appropriateB.inappropriateC.rash D.impetuous4.Wecaninferfromthethirdparagraghthattheappropriatenessof physicalcontactalsovarieswith.A.timeB.cityC.countryD.people5.Thebesttitle forthepassagewouldbe.第21页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解A.ProxemicsB.AppropriatenessofSocialDistanceC.AppropriatenessRelationships BetweenTwoPersonsD.AppropriatenessPhysicalContactBetweenTwoPersons16.2008年12 月英语六级阅读理解练习(2)InthepastcenturyIrishpaintinghaschangesfromaBritish- influencedlyricaltraditiontoanartthatevokestheruggednessandrootsofanIrish Celticpast.AttheturnofthetwentiethcenturyIrishpainters,includingnotables WalterFrederickOsborneandSirWilliamOrpen,lookedelsewhereforinfluence.Osborne

29’sexposureto“pleinair”paintingdeeplyimpactedhisstylisticdevelopment;and OrpenalliedhimselfwithagroupofEnglishartists,whileatthesametimeparticipated intheFrenchavant-gardeexperiment,bothaspainterandteacher.However,nationalist energieswerebeginningtocoalesce(接合)，revivinginterestinIrishculture-including Irishvisualarts.BeatriceElvery’s(1907),alandmarkachievement,mergedthe devotionalsimplicityoffifteenth-centuryItalianpaintingwiththeiconography(肖像 画法)ofIreland’sCelticpast,linkingthehistoryofIrishCatholicismwiththe still-nascet(初生的)Irishrepublic.And,althoughalsocaptivatedbytheFrenchplein airschool,SirJohnLaveryinvokedthemythologyofhisnativelandfora1928 commissiontopaintthecentralfigureforthebanknoteofthenewIrishFreeState. Laverychoseasthisfigure,withherarmonaCelticharp(竖琴)，thenationalsymbolof independentIreland.InIrishpaintingfromabout1910,memoriesofEdwardianromanticism coexistedwithanewsenseofrealism,exemplifiedbythepaintingsofPaulHenryandSe Keating,astudentofOrpen’s.realismalsocreptintotheworkofEdwardiansLaveryand Orpen,bothofwhommadepaintingsdepictingWorldWarⅠ,Laverywithadistanced Victoriannobility,Orpenclosertothefront,revealingamoresinisterandrealistic vision.Meanwhile,counterpointtotheEdwardiansandrealistscameJackB.Yeats,whose travelsthroughouttheruggedandmoreauthenticallyIrishWestledhimtodepict subjectsrangingfromstreetscenesinDublintoboxingmatchesandfunerals.Fusing closeobservationsofIrishlifeandiconswithanIrishidentityinanewway,Yeats changedthefaceofIrishpaintingandbecamethemostimportantIrishartistofhis century.1.Whichofthefollowingartmostprobablyexertedthegreatestinfluenceon

30Irishpaintinginthe19thcentury?A.BritishlyricaltraditionB.Frenchavant-garde experimentC.notionalistenergiesD.Italianpainting2.Itisimpliedwasleast influencedbythecontemporaryartofFrence.第22页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解A.SirJohnLaveryB.SirWilliamOrpenC.BeatriceElveryD.SeKeating3.Whichof thefollowingbestexplainstheauthor’suseoftheword“counterpoint”inreferring toYeats?A.Yeats’paintingsdifferedsignificantlyinsubjectmatterfromthoseofhis contemporariesinIreland.B.Yeatsreactedtotherealismofhiscontemporaryartistsby invokingnineteenth-centurynaturalisminhisownpaintingstyle.C.Yeatsavoided religiousandmythologicalthemesinfavorofmundaneportrayalsofIrishlife.D.Yeats builtupontherealismpaintingtradition,elevatingittounprecedentedartistic heights.4.Theauthorpointsoutthecoexistenceofromanticismandrealismmost probablyinordertoshowthat.A.Irishpaintersoftheearlytwentiethcenturytended toromanticizetheharshrealityofwarB.foratimepaintersfromeachschool influencedpaintersfromtheotherschoolC.Yeatswasinfluencedbyboththeromantic andrealistschoolsofIrishpaintingD.thetransitioninIrishpaintingfromone predominantstyletotheotherwasnotanabruptone5.Themostlikelytopicofthe paragraphfollowedis.A.TheRoleofCelticMythologyinIrishPaintingB.WhoDeserves CreditforthePreeminenceofYeatsamongIrishPainters?C.Realismvs.Romanticism: Ireland’sStruggleforNationalIdentityD.IrishPaintings:Reflectionsofan EmergingIndependentState17.2008年12月英语六级阅读理解练习(3)Themodenworldonly recentlyreachedtheYanomano,anativepeopleoftheAmazonbasin.Shelteredbythick

31rainforest,theYanomanolivedaself-containedexistenceuntilgoldwasdiscoveredin theirjunglehomeland.Minersflockedintotheforests,cuttingdowntreesandbringing diseaseandshotthoseYanomanowhowouldnotgetoutoftheway.Injustsevenyears fromtheearly1980s,thepopulationfell20percent.HandsAroundtheWorld,anative Americanculturalassociation,saystheYanomanoarebelievedtobethemostculturally intactpeopleintheworld.Theywearloincloths,usefiresticksanddecoratetheir bodieswithdyefromaredberry(桨果).Theydon’tusethewheelandtheonlymetalthey useiswhathasbeentradedtothembyoutsiders.WhenaYanomanodies,thebodyis burnedandtheremainingbonescrushedintoapowderandturnedintoadrinkthatis第23页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解laterconsumedbymournersinmemoryofthedead.AHandsAroundtheWorldreport saysthatinSouthAmericanotonlyaretheculturesandtraditionsindangerof disappearing,butsometribesareindangerofextinction.“TheYanomanoisawell- knowntribethatisrapidlylosingitsmembersthroughthedestructionofWestern disease,”thereportsays.Beforeillegalgoldminersenteredtheirrainforest,the Yanomanowereisolatedfrommodernsociaty.TheyoccupydensejunglenorthoftheAmazon RiverbetweenVenezuelaandBrazilandarecataloguedbyanthropologists(人类学家)as neo-indianswithculturalcharacteristicsthatdatebackmorethan8,000years.Each communitylivesinacircularcommunalhouse,someofwhichsleepupto400,builtaround acentralsquare.ThoughmanyYanomanomenaremonogamous,itisnotunusualforthemto havetwoormorewives.AnthropologistsfromtheUniversityofWisconsinsaypolygamyis awaytoincreaseone’swealthbecausehavingalargefamilyincreaseshelpwithhunting

32andcultivatingtheland.Thesemarriagesresultinashortageofwomenforothermento marry,whichhasledtointer-tribalwars.EachYanomanomanisresponsibleforclearing hislandforgardening,usingslash-and-humfarmingmethods.Theygrowplantains,atype ofbananaeatencooked,andhuntgameanimals,fishandanaconda(南美热带蟒蛇)usingbows andarrows.1.MinersflockedintotheforestandshotthoseYanomanowho.A.sheltered inthickrainforestB.wouldnotleavetheirjunglehomelandC.livedaself-contained existenceD.wouldstandintheirway2.TheorganizationcalledHandsAroundtheWorld believesthatculturally,theYanomanoistheworld’s.A.mostprimitivepeopleB.most backwardpeopleC.mostadvancedpeopleD.oldestpeople3.WhichofthefollowingisNOT trueaccordingtoanAmericanculturalassociationreport?A.InSouthAmerica,the culturesareonthevergeofextinction.B.InSouthAmerica,thetraditionsareonthe vergeofextinction.C.InSouthAmerica,theYanomanocansurviveextinction.D.In SouthAmerica,sometribesareonthevergeofextinction.4.causedtheYanomanotohave inter-tribalwars.A.TheshortageofwomenresultingfrompolygamyB.Thedifferencein wealthresultingfrompolygamyC.TheshortageofwomenresultingfrommonogamyD.The differenceinwealthresultingfrommonogamy5.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatitis imperativeforusto第24页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解protecttheYanomanobecause.A.itisaclturallymostintactpeopleB.itisa primitivepeopledeepinjungleC.itisanativepeopleoftheAmazonbasinD.itis primitivepeopleindangerofdisappearing18.2008年12月英语六级阅读理解练习(4)Since itsfoundationin1954,theUnitedNationshaswrittenintoitsmajorcovenants(契约)

33theneedtoestablishminimumagesformarriage.Butthecustomofmarriageisahighly sensitiveculturalissue,mainlybecauseitissounpleasantlyinvolvedwithwomen’s rightsandsocietaltraditionsandpractices,andrulesonmarriagevarywidelybetween countries.Somecountries,particularlyinWestAfrica,stilldonothavealegalminimum ageformarriage.IntheWest,a13-year-oldisstillconsideredachild.Evengetting marriedinone’slateteensisnotusuallyencouragedbecausemarriedlifeislikelyto interferewithayoungwoman’seducationandconsequentlyrestrictopportunitiesin laterlife.Andtherearealsophysicaldangersingivingbirthsoyoung.TheWorld HealthOrganizationhasoverthepasttenyearsidentifiedearlychildbirthasamajor causeoffemalemortalityinmanycountries.UnderIslamicreligiouslaw,theageof consentforsexandmarriageispuberty,whichMuslimssayisinharmonywiththe biologicaltransitionfromchildhoodintoadulthood.InMuslimcountriessuchasSaudi Arabia,IranandPakistan,theageofpubertyataround13or14isthelegalagefor marriage,butinTurkeyitis15,andinEgyptandTunisia,18thesameminimumageasin manyWesterncountries.Itisarguedthatbyallowingearliermarriages,Islamiclawis promotingstablerelationships,whileWesternlawsareencouragingpromiscuityamong youngpeople.Inmanycountries,thetrendsofurbanizationandeducationforgirlshave seenadropinthenumberofchildbrides.However,earlymarriagescontinuetooccurin poorruralareas,wheresocietyworksverymuchonpersonalarrangementbetweenfamilies, villagesandcommunities.Anditdoesn’tonlyhappenincountrieswhichdon’thavea legalminimumage.InIndia,forexample,thelegalageofmarriageforagirlis18and toaboy,21.Yet,accordingtogovernmentstatistics,18percentoftentofourteen-year

34oldgirlsinthepoor,ruralstateofRajasthaninthenorthwestofthecountryare married.Thereareobvioussocialandeconomicaladvantagesfordoingthis:bymarrying offtheirdaughtersearly,familiesnolongerhavetoprovideforthem;andtheyounger thebridethesmallerthedowry(嫁妆),orweddingprice,demandedbythegroom’sfamily. Itisclear,then,thatchildmarriagesareconnectedwithpoverty,lackofeducationand ruralcustomssuchasdowries;theredon’ttend第25页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解tobeanychildmarriagesinurbanorrichareas.So,unlesstheserealcausesare addressed,itwillbeextremelyhardtoenforcechange,evenwhenchangeisdictatedbya country’sgoverningbody.(451words)1.Whatisthetopicofthispassage?A.Child brides.B.Earlymarriages.C.Minimumageformarriage.D.Differentattitudestowards earlymarriages.2.Theword“promiscuity”(Line9,Para.3)means__.A.unstable partnershipB.firmpartnershipC.diverserelationshipD.singlerelationship3.is likelytomarrylate.A.WomenfromlesseducatedbackgroundB.WomenfromruralareasC. WomenfromIslamiccountriesD.Womenfromcities4.ChildmarriagesareNOTrelatedto accordingtothepassage.A.socialpositionB.ruralcustomsC.personalarrangementsD. religion5.Accordingtothepassage,gettingmarriedearlydoesallofthefollowing EXCEPT.A.reducingayoungwoman’seducationB.limitingayoungwoman’schancesC. causinginfantdeathD.doingharmtoayoungwoman’shealth19.2008年12月英语六级阅 读理解练习(5)Asyouallknow,theUnitedStatesisacountryonwheels.Nearlyeight millionnewcarsaremadeeachyear;fourhouseholdsoutoffiveownatleastonecar, andmorethanaquarterhavetwoeach.Yetyou’llbesurprisedtolearnthatsomeof

35thecar-ownersevensufferfrommalnutrition（营养不良）.In1968,anation-widesurvey ofmalnutritionwasmadeforthefirsttime.Itfoundthat10millionpeopleare sufferinginhealththroughinadequatefeeding;thecausesoftheirplight（困境）were varied.Unemploymentoveralongperiodshouldbeconsideredasthemainfactor.And unemployment,strangetosay,ninetimesoutoftenresultsfromautomation,bothin industrialandagriculturalareas.Forexample,intheruralSouthwhenacotton plantationsuddenlycutsitsforcefrom100peopletothree,theproblemtohelpthe displacedarises.Soisthecasewithindustrialautomation.Infact,probably2million jobsaremadeunnecessaryeachyearinthewholecountryasaresultoftheautomation process,thusmakingunemploymentachiefsocialconcern.Accordingtogovernment statistics,thenumber第26页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解ofpeopleunemployedwasover5percentfortheperiodfrom1958to1963.InJuly 1981,itroseto7.8percent.Asamatteroffact,ithaslongbeenknownthateven duringthemostprosperousperiodstherehavebeenpeoplewithoutenoughtoeat.SoI thinkthat’swhyPresidentKennedysaidinhisinaugurationspeechin1961,ifthe governmentdidnothelpthepoor,itcouldnotsavetherich.In1966,theSocial SecurityAdministrationcalculatedthatafamilyoffourneededanincomeof$3,355a yeartobeabovethelineofpoverty.Andin1977,theaveragepovertylineofthe countrywasslightlymorethan$6,200annualincomeforanon-farmfamilyoffour. AccordingtotheSocialSecurityAct,familiesofthatsizebelowpovertylineare eligibletoreceivebenefitsfromthespecialwelfareprogram.Theaverageweeklypayment

36ofbenefitsnowisequivalentto36percentoftheworker’snormalwage.Andthenumber ofpeoplewhoreceivegovernmentbenefitsisincreasing.In1973,socialinsurance paymentsbygovernments,mainlytooldagepensionersandpeoplewhohadlosttheirjobs orwereoffworkthroughillness,amountedto$86,000million.Thosenotfullyqualified forinsurancepaymentsreceived$29,000millioninpublicaid.Butproblemsstillexist. Manypeoplearenotreachedbytheanti-povertyprogram,becauselocalauthoritiesand agenciesdonotwanttoplaytheirpartordonotgavetheresourcestodoso.Somepoor peoplewillnotaccepthelpforvariousreasons.Ofcourse,therearesomemoreimportant factorswhichlieinthestructureofthesociety,butIdon’tconsideritnecessaryto digintothemhere.Yetwewillperhapsagreethatsocialwelfareprogramshavesolvedto someextenttheproblemsoffeeding,clothingandhousingthosebelowthepovertyline. Onthewhole,itperhapsmightbesaidthatAmericanpeoplearelivingabetterlifethan peopleinmostothercountries.1.TheUnitedStatesiscalledacountryonwheels because.A.aboutone-fourthAmericansowntwocarsB.abitoveroneoutoffour householdsaretheownersoftwocarsC.nearly8millionnewcarsdriveinthecountry everyyearD.80%Americanshaveatleastonecar2.Accordingtoa1968survey,ten millionAmericansfoundthemselvesinadifficulthealthsituationchieflydueto.A. inadequatefeedingB.malnutritionC.unemploymentD.automation3.Theauthoruse”the displaced”(Line9,Para.2)torefertothosewhoare.A.unemployedB.disabledC. sickD.poor4.Theword“eligible”(Line6,Para.3)issynonymouswith“”A. necessaryB.urgentC.neededD.worthy第27页共52页羽天

37全国英语六级阅读理解5.Americansarelivingabetterlifethanthoseinmostofothercountriesbecause, tosomedegree,.A.manyAmericansreceivebenefitsfromthespecialwelfareprogramB. somepoorpeoplecanreceivehelpforsomereasonorotherC.thereistheanti-poverty programintheU.S.D.socialwelfareprogramshavesomemeasuresettledtheproblemsof thosebelowthepovertyline.（20）2008年12月英语六级阅读理解练习(6)Inrecentyears, teachersofintroductorycoursesinAsianAmericanstudieshavebeenfacingadilemma nonexistentafewdecadesago,whenhardlyanytextsinthatfieldwereavailable.Today, excellentanthologies（文选）andotherintroductorytextsexist,andbooksonindividual AsianAmericansarepublishedalmostweekly.Evenprofessorswhoareexpertsinthefield finditdifficulttodecidewhichofthesetoassigntostudents;non-expertswhoteach inrelatedareasandarelookingforwritingsforandbyAsianAmericantoincludein surveycoursesareinanevenworseposition.Acomplicatingfactorhasbeenthe continuinglackofspecializedone-volumereferenceworksonAsianAmericans,suchas biographicaldictionariesordesktopencyclopedias.Suchworkswouldenablestudents takingAsianAmericanstudiescourses(andprofessorsinrelatedfields)tolookupbasic informationonAsianAmericanindividuals,institutions,history,andculturewithout havingtowadethrough（费力的阅读冗长或艰深的材料）mountainsofprimarysourcematerial. Inaddition,givensuchworks.AsianAmericanstudiesprofessorsmightfeelmorefreeto includemorechallengingAsianAmericanmaterialintheirintroductoryreadinglists, sincegoodreferenceworksallowstudentstoacquireontheirownthebackground informationnecessarytointerpretdifficultorunfamiliarmaterial.1.Theauthoris primarilyconcernedwith.A.respondingtoacriticismB.describingacourseofstudy

38C.discussingaproblemD.evaluatingapastcourseofaction2.The“dilemma”(Line2, Para.1)canbestbecharacterizedasbeingcausedbythenecessitytomakeachoicewhen facedwitha.A.lackofacceptablealternativesB.lackofstrictstandardsfor evaluatingalternativesC.preponderanceofbadalternativesascomparedtogoodD. multitudeofdifferentalternatives3.Biographicaldictionariesanddesktop encyclopediasare第28页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解A.primarysourcematerialsB.introductorytextsC.excellentanthologiesD. referencematerials4.Whichofthefollowingisimpliedabouttheintroductorycourses inAsianAmericanstudiesafewdecadesago?A.Therangeofdifferenttextbooksthat couldbeassignedforsuchcourseswasextremelylimitedB.Thetextsassignedas readingsinsuchcourseswereoftennotverychallengingforstudentsC.Studentsoften complainedaboutthetextsassignedtotheminsuchcoursesD.Suchcourseswereoffered onlyatschoolswhoselibrarieswererichinprimarysources5.Accordingtothepassage, theexistenceofgoodone-volumereferenceworksaboutAsianAmericanscouldresultin. A.increasedagreementamongprofessorsofAsianAmericanstudiesregardingthequality ofthesourcesavailableintheirfieldB.anincreaseinthenumberofstudentssighing upforintroductorycoursesinAsianAmericanstudiesC.increasedaccuracyinwritings thatconcernAsianAmericanhistoryandcultureD.theinclusionofawiderrangeof AsianAmericanmaterialinintroductoryreadinglistsinAsianAmericanstudies（21） 2008年12月英语六级阅读理解练习(6)AscientificpanelconvenedbytheWorldHealth OrganizationrecommendedguidelinesonFridayfordoctorsconductingclinicalstudiesof

39SARSpatients.Thepanelurgeddoctorstoapplytheguidelinesinanalyzingthemassesof potentiallyusefulinformationaboutvarioustherapiesthatwerecollectedinthisyear’ sepidemic.Muchofthatinformationhasnotbeenpublishedoranalyzed.“Itisamatter ofurgencytogetbetteranalysisandreview,”saidDr.SimonMardel,aWHOofficialwho ledthetwo-daymeetingthatendedonFriday.Hesaidthousandsofpotentialtherapies andcompoundshadbeentestedsofarasresearcherstrytodeterminetreatmentsforSARS, orsevereacuterespiratorysyndrome.“WerecognizethathavingnotreatmentforSARSis hinderingourabilitytocontrolanepidemicinsomanyways.”Hesaid.Intheepidemic earlierthisyear,varioustreatments,likedrugstofightthevirusorstrengthenthe immunesystem,aswellastraditionalChinesemedicine,weredeliveredunderemergency conditions,inwidelydifferentsettingsandcountriestopatientssufferingfromvarying stagesoftheillness.Thoseconditions—generallywithoutstandardizedmeasurementsor controlledsituations—havemadeithardtointerpretresults.Standardsupportive therapylikenursing,andinseverecasesthe第29页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解useofmechanicalrespirators（呼吸器）tohelppatientsbreathe,isthemainstay（主 要支持）ofSARScare,andhelpedmanypatientssurvive.Butdoctorsstilldonotknowhow besttotreatSARSpatientswhohavebreathingdifficulties.Dr.Mardelsaid.Onemethod isinvasiveventilation.Asecondmethodinvolvesblowingoxygenintothelungsthrougha mask.Bothcarrytheriskoftransmittingthevirustohospitalemployees.Withoutproper analysis,thepanelwasunabletosaydefinitivelywhichtreatmentworkedbest,orwhich causedthemostharm.“Thereisalackofsharedinformation,”Dr.Mardelsaid,noting

40thatalotofdatahavenotbeenpublished.Thepanelalsoagreedonguidelinesthat wouldallowdoctorstoconductquickandsafeclinicaltrials,aprocessthatgenerally takesyearstocomplete.TheworldHealthOrganization,aUnitedNationsagencydidnot releasetheguidelines.Dr.Mardelsaidtheywereflexiblebecausenooneknewwhere, whenandinwhatsettingSARSwouldreturn.Expertsinmanycountrieshavealreadylisted thetreatmentstheywanttotest,andthehealthagencyisleavingthesedecisionsto individualnations.1.Guidelinesrecommendedbythescientificpanelcanbeusedfor. A.gatheringpotentiallyusefulinformationaboutvarioustherapiescollectedB. conductingclinicalstudiesofSARSpatientsC.determiningtreatmentforSARSD. publishingalltheinformationaboutSARS2.Accordingtothepassage,itisdifficultto interprettheresultsofcertaintreatmentsforSARSbecause.A.patientswerein differentcountriesB.patientsweregivenmedicinesinwidelydifferentsettingsC. patientswereatdifferentstagesoftheillnessD.theseconditionshadnostandardized measurementsorcontrolledsituations3.Accordingtodoctors,thetwomethodstotreat SARSpatientswhohavebreathingdifficultiesboth.A.carrytheriskofinfecting hospitalemployeesB.areeffectiveincuringpatientswhohavebreathingdifficultiesC. don’truntheriskoftransmittingthevirustohospitalemployeesD.provetowork effectivelyandcausenoharm4.AccordingtoaWHOofficial,Dr.Mardel,theguidelines wereflexiblebecause.A.SARSwouldreemergeinpoorcountriesB.nooneknewwhere, whenandinwhatsettingSARSwouldreturnC.SARSwouldnotappearindeveloped countriesD.nooneknewwhetherSARSwouldreturnornot第30页共52页羽天

41全国英语六级阅读理解5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.SARS,aDreadful DiseaseB.NoGoodMethodstoTreatSARSC.SARSWillReturnOneDayD.HealthPanel RecommendsNewGuidelinesonSARS（22）2008年12月英语六级阅读理解练习(7)Weallknow thatthenormalhumandailycycleofactivityisofsome7-8hours’sleepalternation withsome16-17hours’wakefulnessandthat,broadlyspeaking,thesleepnormally coincideswiththehoursofdarkness.Ourpresentconcerniswithhoweasilyandtowhat extentthiscyclecanbemodified.Thequestionisnomereacademicone.Theease,for example,withwhichpeoplecanchangefromworkinginthedaytoworkingatnightisa questionofgrowingimportanceinindustrywhereautomationcallsforround-the-clock workingofmachines.Itnormallytakesfromfivedaystooneweekforapersontoadapt toareversedroutineofsleepandwakefulness,sleepingduringthedayandworkingat night.Unfortunately,itisoftenthecaseinindustrythatshiftsarechangedevery week;apersonmayworkfrom12:00midnightto8:00a.m.oneweek,8:00a.m.to4:00p.m. thenext,and4:00p.m.to12:00midnightthethirdandsoon.Thismeansthatnosooner hashegotusedtooneroutinethanhehastochangetoanother,sothatmuchofhistime isspentneitherworkingnorsleepingveryefficiently.Theonlyrealsolutionappearsto betohandoverthenightshifttoanumberofpermanentnightworkers.Aninteresting studyofthedomesticlifeandhealthofnight-shiftworkerswascarriedoutbyBrownin 1957.Shefoundahighincidenceofdisturbedsleepandotherdisordersamongthoseon alternatingdayandnightshifts,butnoabnormaloccurrenceofthesephenomenaamong thoseonpermanentnightwork.Thislattersystemthenappearstobethebestlong-term

42policy,butmeanwhilesomethingmaybedonetorelievethestrainsofalternatedayand nightworkbyselectingthosepeoplewhocanadaptmostquicklytothechangesof routine.Onewayofknowingwhenapersonhasadaptedisbymeasuringhisbody temperature.Peopleengagedinnormaldaytimeworkwillhaveahightemperatureduring thehoursofwakefulnessandalowoneatnight;whentheychangetonightwork,the patternwillonlygraduallygobacktomatchthenewroutineandthespeedwithwhichit doessoparallels,broadlyspeaking,theadaptationofthebodyasawhole,particularly intermsofperformance.Therefore,bytakingbodytemperatureatintervalsoftwohours throughouttheperiodofwakefulnessitcanbeseenhowquicklyapersoncanadapttoa reversedroutine,andthiscouldbe第31页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解usedasabasisforselection.Sofar,however,suchaformofselectiondoesnot seemtohavebeenappliedinpractice.1.Themainproblemoftheround-the-clockworking systemliesin.A.thedisturbanceofthedailycycleofworkerswhohavetochange shiftstoofrequentlyB.theinconveniencesbroughtabouttotheworkersbythe introductionofautomationC.thefactthatpeopleworkingatnightareoftenless effectiveD.thefactthatitisdifficulttofindanumberofgoodnightworkers2.The bestsolutiontoimplementingthe24-hourworkingsystemseems.A.toemploypeoplewho workonnightshiftsonlyB.tocreatebetterlivingconditionsfornightworkersC.to changeshiftsatlongerintervalsD.tohavelongershifts3.Whichofthefollowing statementsisNOTtrue?A.Bodytemperaturemayserveasanindicationofaworker’s performance.B.Theemploymentofpermanentnightshiftworkersseemstobethebest

43solutiontoproblemsoftheround-the-clockworkingsystem.C.Takingbodytemperatureat regularintervalscanshowhowapersonadaptstothechangesofroutine.D.Disturbed sleepoccursmorefrequentlyamongshiftworkers.4.Itispossibletofindoutifa personhasadaptedtothechangesofroutinebymeasuringhisbodytemperaturebecause. A.bodytemperaturechangeswhenthecycleofsleepandwakefulnessalternatesB.body temperaturechangeswhenhechangestonightshiftorbackC.thetemperaturereverses whentheroutineischanged.D.peoplehavehighertemperaturewhentheyareworking efficiently.5.Thephrase“coincidewith”(Line3,Para.1)couldbestbereplacedby .A.takeplaceB.agreewithC.accordtoD.takeup（23）2008年12月英语六级阅读理解 练习(8)Recentresearchhasclaimedthatanexcessofpositiveionsintheaircanhave anilleffectonpeople'sphysicalorpsychologicalhealth.Whatarepositiveions？Well ，theairisfullofions，electricallychargedparticles，andgenerallythereisarough balancebetweenthepositiveandthenegativecharged.Butsometimesthisbalancebecomes disturbedandalargerproportionofpositiveionsarefound.Thishappensnaturally beforethunderstorm，earthquakeswhenwinds第32页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解suchastheMistral，HamsinorSharavareblowingincertaincountries.Oritcanbe causedbyabuild-upofstaticelectricityindoorsfromcarpetsorclothingmadeofman- madefibres，orfromTVsets，duplicatorsorcomputerdisplayscreens.Whenalarge numberofpositiveionsarepresentintheairmanypeopleexperienceunpleasanteffects suchasheadaches，fatigue，irritability，andsomeparticularlysensitivepeoplesuffer nauseaorevenmentaldisturbance.Animalsarealsoaffected，particularlybefore

44earthquakes，snakeshavebeenobservedtocomeoutofhibernation，ratstofleefrom theirburrows，dogshowlandcatsjumpaboutunaccountably.ThishasledtheUS GeographicalSurveytofundanetworkofvolunteerstowatchanimalsinaneffortto foreseesuchdisastersbeforetheyhitvulnerableareassuchasCalifornia.Conversely， whenlargenumbersofnegativeionsarepresent，thenpeoplehaveafeelingofwell- being.Naturalconditionsthatproducetheselargeamountsarenearthesea，closeto waterfallsorfountains，orinanyplacewherewaterissprayed，orformsaspray.This probablyaccountsforthebeneficialeffectofaholidaybythesea，orinthe mountainswithtumblingstreamsorwaterfalls.examda.comToincreasethesupplyof negativeionsindoors，somescientistsrecommendtheuseofionisers：smallportable machines，whichgeneratenegativeions.Theyclaimthationisersnotonlycleanand refreshtheairbutalsoimprovethehealthofpeoplesensitivetoexcesspositiveions. Ofcourse，therearethedetractors，otherscientists，whodismisssuchclaimsand areskepticalaboutnegative/positiveionresearch.Thereforepeoplecanonlymakeup theirownmindsbyobservingtheeffectsonthemselves，oronothers，ofanegative richorpoorenvironment.Afterallitisdebatablewhetherdependingonseismicreadings toanticipateearthquakesismoreeffectivethanwatchingthecat.1.Whateffectdoes exceedingpositiveionizationhaveonsomepeople？A.Theythinktheyareinsane.B.They feelratherbad-temperedandshort-fussed.C.Theybecomeviolentlysick.D.Theyaretoo tiredtodoanything.2.Inaccordancewiththepassage，staticelectricitycanbecaused by.A.usinghome-madeelectricalgoods.B.wearingclothesmadeofnaturalmaterials. C.walkingonartificialfloorcoverings.D.copyingTVprogramsonacomputer.3.Ahigh

45negativeioncountislikelytobefound.第33页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解A.nearapoundwithawaterpump.B.closetoaslow-flowingriver.C.highinsome barrenmountains.D.byarotatingwatersprinkler.4.Whatkindofmachinecangenerate negativeionsindoors？A.Ionisers.examda.comB.Air-conditioners.C.Exhaust-fansD.Vacuum pumps.5.Somescientistsbelievethat.A.watchinganimalstoanticipateearthquakesis moreeffectivethandependingonseismography.B.theunusualbehaviorofanimalscannot betrusted.C.neitherwatchingnorusingseismographsisreliable.D.earthquake（24） 2008年12月英语六级阅读理解练习(9)Oneofmyfavoriteposters1says,“Lifeisatest. Itisonlyatest.Hadthisbeenareallifeyouwouldhavebeeninstructedwheretogo andwhattodo.”WheneverIthinkofthishumorousbitofwisdom2,itremindsmetonot takemylifesoseriously.Whenyoulookatlifeanditsmanychallengesasatest,or seriesoftests,youbegintoseeeachissueyoufaceasanopportunitytogrow,achance todiscovermoreaboutlife.Whetheryou'rebeingbombarded（攻击；质问）with problems,responsibilities,eveninsurmountable（不能克服的，不能超越的）difficulties, whenlookedatasatest,youalwayshaveachancetosucceed,inthesenseofrising abovethatwhichischallengingyou.If,ontheotherhand,youseeeachnewissueyou faceasaseriousbattlethatmustbewoninordertosurvive,you'reprobablyinfora veryrocky6journey.Theonlytimeyou'relikelytobehappyiswheneverythingis workingoutjustright.Andweallknowhowoftenthathappens.Asanexperiment,seeif youcanapplythisideatosomethingyouareforcedtodealwith.Perhapsyouhavemuch pressurefromyourparentsoryouhaveademanding7boss.Seeifyoucanredefinethe

46issueyoufacefrombeinga“problem”tobeingatest.Ratherthan8strugglingwith yourissue,seeifthereissomethingyoucanlearnfromit.Askyourself,“Whyisthis anissueinmylife?Whatwoulditmeanandwhatwouldbeinvolvedtoriseaboveit? CouldIpossiblylookatthisissueanydifferently?CanIseeitasatestofsomekind? ”Ifyougivethisstrategyatryyoumaybesurprisedatyourchangedresponses.Ithas becomefarmoreacceptabletometoacceptthingsastheyare.1.Accordingtothe passage,whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardslife?A.Hetakeshislifeseriously.B.He considerslifeastest.第34页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解C.Heknowswheretogoandwhattodo.D.Hethinkslifeisfullofhumorouswisdom. 2.Whenyoubegintoconsiderlifeasatest,youwillfind.A.youarebombardedwith problemsandresponsibilitiesB.theresultofthetestissogoodthatyouaredelighted C.youhavemanyopportunitiestogrowD.youhavetogotoschooltotaketestseveryday 3.WhichofthefollowingstatementisTRUEaccordingtotheauthor?A.Whenyoulookat lifeasatest,youhaveachancetoovercomeproblemsyouface.B.Whenyoutakelife seriously,youaremorelikelytosucceedandbecomehappy.C.Whenyouseeeachproblemas aseriousbattle,youhavemorechancetosurvive.D.Wheneverythingisworkingoutjust right,youcanknowhowoftenithappens.4.Itisimpliedfromthepassagethatyou'd betterlookatlifeasatestwhen.A.youtrytogetthemeaningoftheposterB.your parentsgiveyoumuchpressureC.youarecarryingoutanexperimentD.youareinarocky journey5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.MyFavorite PosterB.TakeLifeSeriouslyC.FaceChallengeofLifeD.LifeIsOnlyATest（25）2008年

4712月英语六级阅读理解练习(10)Scholarsandstudentshavealwaysbeengreattravelers.The officialcasefor“academicmobility”isnowoftenstatedinimpressivetermsasa fundamentalnecessityforeconomicandsocialprogressintheworld,anddebatedinthe corridorsofEurope,butitiscertainlynothingnew.Seriousstudentswerealwaysready togoabroadinsearchofthemoststimulatingteachersandthemostfamousacademies;in searchofthepurestphilosophy,themosteffectivemedicine,thelikeliestroadtogold. Mobilityofthiskindmeantalsomobilityofideas,theirtransferenceacross frontiers,theirsimultaneousimpactuponmanygroupsofpeople.Thepointoflearningis toshareit,whetherwithstudentsorwithcolleagues;onepresumesthatonlyeccentrics havenointerestinbeingcreditedwithastarlingdiscovery,oranewtechnique.Itmust alsohavebeenreassuringtoknowthatotherpeopleinotherpartsoftheworldwere abouttomakethesamediscoveryorwerethinkingalongthesamelines,andthatonewas notquitealone,confrontedbyinquisition,ridiculeorneglect.第35页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解Inthetwentiethcentury,andparticularlyinthelast20years,theoldfootpathsof thewanderingscholarshavebecomevasthighways.Thevehiclewhichhasmadethis possiblehasofcoursebeentheaeroplane,makingcontactbetweenscholarseveninthe mostdistantplacesimmediatelyfeasible,andprovidingfortheveryrapidtransmission ofknowledge.Apartfromthevehicleitself,itisfairlyeasytoidentifythemain factorswhichhavebroughtabouttherecentexplosioninacademicmovement.Someofthese arepurelyquantitativeandrequirenofurthermention:therearefarmorecentresof learning,andafargreaternumberofscholarsandstudents.examda.comInadditionone

48mustrecognizetheveryconsiderablemultiplicationofdisciplines,particularlyinthe sciences,whichbywideningthetotalareaofadvancedstudieshasproducedanenormous numberofspecialistswhoseparticularinterestsarepreciselydefined.Thesepeople wouldworkinsomeisolationiftheywerenotabletokeepintouchwithsimilarisolated groupsinothercountries.1.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat"academic mobility".A.meansthefriendshipformedbyscholarsonthetripB.isaprograminitiated bygovernmentsC.hasbeenputgreatemphasisonintheworldD.meansgoingabroadin searchofthebestteacher2.Theword"eccentric"inthesecondparagraphmostprobably means.A.aratherstrangepersonB.apersonofnoexceptionalabilityC.anambitious personD.peculiarorunusualexamda.com3.Intheeyesoftheauthor,whathappenstoa scholarwhoshareshisideaswithhiscolleagues?A.Heriskshisideasbeingstolen.B.He gainsrecognitionforhisachievementC.Heisconsideredasaneccentric.D.Heis creditedwithastartlingdiscovery.4.Accordingtothepassage,therecentgrowthinair travelhasmeantthat.A.travelaroundtheworldbecomesrealisticandaffordableB.more studentsfromremoteareascanattenduniversitiesC.allkindsofinformationcanbe sharedbymorepeopleD.scholarscanmeeteachothermoreeasily5.Theauthorthinksthat it'simportantforscholarstobeabletotravelbecause.A.theirlaboratoriesatein remoteplaces第36页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解B.thereistoomuchstressatuniversitiesC.theirfellowexpertsarescattered aroundtheworldD.therearesomanypeopleworkinginsimilarfields（26）2008年12月 英语六级阅读理解练习(11)Lookatthekeyboardofanystandardtypewriterorcomputer.

49"Q,""W,""E,""R,""T"and"Y"arethefirstsixletters.Whodecidedonthis arrangementoftheletters?Andwhy?Peopletriedforcenturiestoinventthetypewriter. In1714inEngland,HenryMillfiledapatentforamachinecalledAnArtificialMachine orMethodfortheImpressingorTranscribingofLetters,SinglyorProgressivelyone afteranother,asinWriting,wherebyallWritingwhatsoevermaybeEngrossedinPaperor ParchmentsoNeatandExactasnottobedistinguishedfromPrint.Thatmachineprobably didn’tsellbecausenoonecouldrememberitsname!Thefirstpracticaltypewriterwas patentedintheUnitedStatesin1868byChristopherLathamSholes.Hismachinewasknown asthetype-writer.Ithadamovablecarriage,aleverforturningpaperfromlineto line,andakeyboardonwhichtheletterswerearrangedinalphabeticalorder.ButSholes hadaproblem.Onhisfirstmodel,his"ABC"keyarrangementcausedthekeystojamwhen thetypistworkedquickly.Sholesdidn’tknowhowtokeepthekeysfromsticking,so hissolutionwastokeepthetypistfromtypingtoofast.Sholesaskedhisbrother-in-law torearrangethekeyboardsothatthecommonestletterswerenotsoclosetogetherand thetypebarswouldcomefromoppositedirections.Thustheywouldnotclashtogetherand jamthemachine.ThenewarrangementwastheQWERTYarrangementtypistsusetoday.Of course,Sholesclaimedthatthenewarrangementwasscientificandwouldaddspeedand efficiency.Theonlyefficiencyitaddedwastoslowthetypistdown,sincealmostany wordintheEnglishlanguagerequiredthetypist’sfingerstocovermoredistanceon thekeyboard.Theadvantagesofthetypewriteroutweighedthedisadvantagesofthe keyboard.Typistsmemorizedthecrazyletterarrangement,andthetypewriterbecamea hugesuccess.Bythetimetypistshadmemorizedthenewarrangementoflettersandbuilt

50theirspeed,typewritertechnologyhadimproved,andthekeysdidn’tstickasbadlyas theyhadatfirst.Questions1to5arebasedonthepassageabove.1.Weknowfromthe passagethattheinventorofthefirstpracticaltypewriteris.A.HenryMill B.ChristopherLathamSholesC.Sholes’brother-in-lawD.AllbertEinstein2.Theauthor thinksthemachineinventedbyHenryMillcouldnot第37页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解besoldbecause.A.itwasdifficultforpeopletoacceptnewthingsB.thereweregreat disadvantagesofthekeyboardC.themachinecouldnotbedistinguishedfromprintD.the nameofthemachinewastoolong3.SholesdecidedtheQWERTYarrangementofthekeyboard inorderto.A.arrangethelettersinalphabeticalorderB.causethekeystojamwhenthe typistworkedquicklyC.solvetheproblemofthekeysjammingD.competewith"ABC"key arrangement4.ItisinferredthattheQWERTYarrangementofthekeyboard.A.isthemost scientificarrangementB.addsspeedandefficiencyoftypistsC.keepsthetypistfrom typingtoofastD.iseasyfortypiststomemorize5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethe besttitleofthepassage?A.TheArrangementofTheLettersonKeyboardB.TheStoryof ChristopherLathamSholesC.HowtoInventTheTypewriterD.TheFirstPracticalTypewriter （27）2008年12月英语六级阅读理解练习(12)Lookatthekeyboardofanystandard typewriterorcomputer."Q,""W,""E,""R,""T"and"Y"arethefirstsixletters.Who decidedonthisarrangementoftheletters?Andwhy?Peopletriedforcenturiestoinvent thetypewriter.In1714inEngland,HenryMillfiledapatentforamachinecalledAn ArtificialMachineorMethodfortheImpressingorTranscribingofLetters,Singlyor Progressivelyoneafteranother,asinWriting,wherebyallWritingwhatsoevermaybe

51EngrossedinPaperorParchmentsoNeatandExactasnottobedistinguishedfromPrint. Thatmachineprobablydidn’tsellbecausenoonecouldrememberitsname!Thefirst practicaltypewriterwaspatentedintheUnitedStatesin1868byChristopherLatham Sholes.Hismachinewasknownasthetype-writer.Ithadamovablecarriage,aleverfor turningpaperfromlinetoline,andakeyboardonwhichtheletterswerearrangedin alphabeticalorder.ButSholeshadaproblem.Onhisfirstmodel,his"ABC"key arrangementcausedthekeystojamwhenthetypistworkedquickly.Sholesdidn’tknow howtokeepthekeysfromsticking,sohissolutionwastokeepthetypistfromtyping toofast.Sholesaskedhisbrother-in-lawtorearrangethekeyboardsothatthecommonest letterswerenotsoclosetogetherandthetypebarswouldcomefrom第38页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解oppositedirections.Thustheywouldnotclashtogetherandjamthemachine.Thenew arrangementwastheQWERTYarrangementtypistsusetoday.Ofcourse,Sholesclaimedthat thenewarrangementwasscientificandwouldaddspeedandefficiency.Theonly efficiencyitaddedwastoslowthetypistdown,sincealmostanywordintheEnglish languagerequiredthetypist’sfingerstocovermoredistanceonthekeyboard.The advantagesofthetypewriteroutweighedthedisadvantagesofthekeyboard.Typists memorizedthecrazyletterarrangement,andthetypewriterbecameahugesuccess.Bythe timetypistshadmemorizedthenewarrangementoflettersandbuilttheirspeed, typewritertechnologyhadimproved,andthekeysdidn’tstickasbadlyastheyhadat first.1.Weknowfromthepassagethattheinventorofthefirstpracticaltypewriteris. A.HenryMillB.ChristopherLathamSholesC.Sholes’brother-in-lawD.AllbertEinstein

522.TheauthorthinksthemachineinventedbyHenryMillcouldnotbesoldbecause.A.it wasdifficultforpeopletoacceptnewthingsB.thereweregreatdisadvantagesofthe keyboardC.themachinecouldnotbedistinguishedfromprintD.thenameofthemachine wastoolong3.SholesdecidedtheQWERTYarrangementofthekeyboardinorderto. A.arrangethelettersinalphabeticalorderB.causethekeystojamwhenthetypist workedquicklyC.solvetheproblemofthekeysjammingD.competewith"ABC"key arrangement4.ItisinferredthattheQWERTYarrangementofthekeyboard.A.isthemost scientificarrangementB.addsspeedandefficiencyoftypistsC.keepsthetypistfrom typingtoofastD.iseasyfortypiststomemorize5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethe besttitleofthepassage?A.TheArrangementofTheLettersonKeyboardB.TheStoryof ChristopherLathamSholesC.HowtoInventTheTypewriterD.TheFirstPracticalTypewriter （28）2009年6月英语六级快速阅读训练（1）Asyouallknow,theUnitedStatesisa countryonwheels.Nearlyeightmillionnewcarsaremadeeachyear;fourhouseholdsout offiveownatleastoneear,andmorethanaquarterhavetwoeach.Yetyou’第39页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解llbesurprisedtolearnthatsomeofthecar-ownersevensufferfrommalnutrition（ 营养不良）.In1968,anation-widesurveyofmalnutritionwasmadeforthefirsttime.It foundthat10millionpeoplearesufferinginhealththroughinadequatefeeding;the causesoftheirplight（困境）werevaried.Unemploymentoveralongperiodshouldbe consideredasthemainfactor.Andunemployment,strangetosay,ninetimesoutoften resultsfromautomation,bothinindustrialandagriculturalareas.Forexample,inthe ruralSouthwhenacottonplantationsuddenlycutsitsforcefrom100peopletothree,

53theproblemtohelpthedisplacedarises.Soisthecasewithindustrialautomation.In fact,probably2millionjobsaremadeunnecessaryeachyearinthewholecountryasa resultoftheautomationprocess,thusmakingunemploymentachiefsocialconcern. Accordingtogovernmentstatistics,thenumberofpeopleunemployedwasover5percent fortheperiodfrom1958to1963.InJuly1981,itroseto7.8percent.Asamatterof fact,ithaslongbeenknownthatevenduringthemostprosperousperiodstherehavebeen peoplewithoutenoughtoeat.SoIthinkthat’swhyPresidentKennedysaidinhis inaugurationspeechin1961,ifthegovernmentdidnothelpthepoor,itcouldnotsave therich.In1966,theSocialSecurityAdministrationcalculatedthatafamilyoffour neededanincomeof$3,355ayeartobeabovethelineofpoverty.Andin1977,the averagepovertylineofthecountrywasslightlymorethan$6,200annualincomefora non-farmfamilyoffour.AccordingtotheSocialSecurityAct,familiesofthatsize belowpovertylineareeligibletoreceivebenefitsfromthespecialwelfareprogram.The averageweeklypaymentofbenefitsnowisequivalentto36percentoftheworker’s normalwage.Andthenumberofpeoplewhoreceivegovernmentbenefitsisincreasing.In 1973,socialinsurancepaymentsbygovernments,mainlytooldagepensionersandpeople whohadlosttheirjobsorwereoffworkthroughillness,amountedto$86,000million. Thosenotfullyqualifiedforinsurancepaymentsreceived$29,000millioninpublicaid. Butproblemsstillexist.Manypeoplearenotreachedbytheanti-povertyprogram, becauselocalauthoritiesandagenciesdonotwanttoplaytheirpartordonotgavethe resourcestodoso.Somepoorpeoplewillnotaccepthelpforvariousreasons.Ofcourse, therearesomemoreimportantfactorswhichlieinthestructureofthesociety,butI

54don’tconsideritnecessarytodigintothemhere.Yetwewillperhapsagreethatsocial welfareprogramshavesolvedtosomeextenttheproblemsoffeeding,clothingandhousing thosebelowthepovertyline.Onthewhole,itperhapsmightbesaidthatAmericanpeople arelivingabetterlifethanpeopleinmostothercountries.1.TheUnitedStatesis calledacountryonwheelsbecause.第40页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解A.aboutone-fourthAmericansowntwocarsB.abitoveroneoutoffourhouseholds aretheownersoftwocarsC.nearly8millionnewcarsdriveinthecountryeveryyear D.80%Americanshaveatleastonecar2.Accordingtoa1968survey,tenmillion Americansfoundthemselvesinadifficulthealthsituationchieflydueto.A.inadequate feedingB.malnutritionC.unemploymentD.automation3.Theauthoruse”thedisplaced” (Line9,Para.2)torefertothosewhoare.A.unemployedB.disabledC.sickD.poor 4.Theword“eligible”(Line6,Para.3)issynonymouswith“”A.necessaryB. urgentC.neededD.worthy5.Americansarelivingabetterlifethanthoseinmostof othercountriesbecause,tosomedegree,.A.manyAmericansreceivebenefitsfromthe specialwelfareprogramB.somepoorpeoplecanreceivehelpforsomereasonorotherC. thereistheanti-povertyprogramintheU.S.D.socialwelfareprogramshavesome measuresettledtheproblemsofthosebelowthepovertyline.（29）2009年6月英语六级 阅读训练（2）Feministsociolinguists(社会语言学家),overthecourseofthelastfew decades,haveconductedstudiesthattheybelievesupporttheconclusionthatwomenare routinelydiscriminatedagainstinEndlish-speakingsociety.Theypointtothewordsused todescribewomen,aswellasthewordsusedtodescribesocietyasawhole,asindications

55thattheEnglishlanguage,andthereforetheEnglish-speakingculture,isslantedtowards theadvantageofmales.Thewordsusedtodescribewomenareusedasinstrumentby feministsociolinguiststodenoteaninherentsexismintheEnglishlanguage.Wordpairs suchasmasterandmistressandsirandmadam,theyclaim,epitomizesuchsexism.Allof thewordsinquestiononceheldpositiveconnotationsbut,whilethemasculine(男性的) formshaveretainedtheirrespectableassociations,thefeminineformshaveundergone pejorationandnowimplysexualpromiscuity(混杂)andothernegative characteristics.Feministresearchersassumethatsuchpejorationindicatethatthestatus ofwomeninEnglish-speakingsocietyisrelativelylow.Theseresearchersalsofindfault withtheuseofmasculinewordstodescribeunisexentities.Forexample,theyfeelthat thereisnothinginherentlymainlyaboutmankind,thebestmanforthejob,orthecommon man.Similarly,theuseofsuchconstructionsasthe“the第41页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解averagestudentsisworriedabouthisgrades”indicatetotheseresearchersan inherentsexisminEnglishthatisreflectiveoftheculturesinwhichtheyareproduced .CarolynJacobson,authorofNon-sexistLanguagehasproposedasolutiontothis conundrum(难题).Sheadvocatestheeliminationofallsexedwordsinfavorofgender- neutralterms.Nolongershouldwerefertoactorsandactressesorwaitersand waitresses,assuchdichotomies(男女有别)allowforthepossibilityofnegative connotationsbeingassociatedwiththefemininedesignation.Likewise,shebelievesthat phrasessuchasmankindshouldgivewaytohumankindandthattheuseofthemasculine pronounasthedefaultshouldbeabandonedinfavorofneutralconstructions.Thus,when

56sexismiseliminatedfromtheEnglishlanguage,theculturewillbemoreamenabletohe deliveranceofwomenaswell.1.TheprimarypurposeofthispassageistoAcompareand contrastideologyinvariousculturesBproveacommonlyheldbelieftobewrongC describeaproblemandapossiblesolutionDanalyzethehistoricaloriginsofamodern situation2Accordingtothepassage,gender-neutralconstructionsshouldbeadvocated becauseAtheeliminationofsexismintheEnglishlanguagewillprecedetheelimination ofsexisminthecultureBtheyaremoregrammaticallysoundthansexedstructuresC unisextermsarelessawkwardincasualspeechDsex-specifictermsalwayscarrynegative connotations3Theauthorreferstomankind,thebestmanforthejob,andthecommonman inordertoAdemonstratethesuperiorityofmalesinEnglish-speakingsocietyBprovide anexampleofspeechthatisslantedtowardstheadvantageofmalesClistthe characteristicsofthefeministsocialinguistmovementDdiscountthenotionthatthe Englishlanguagediscriminatesagainstwomen4Theword“perjorationmostprobablymeans AnegativeconnotationBpositiveconnotationCsexualcharacteristicDrespectable characteristic5Infavorofgender-neutralterms,whichofthefollowingwordscanbe usedtodescribeunisexentities?AmankindBchairpersonCsupermanDdragonlady（30） 2009年6月英语六级阅读训练（3）Feministsociolinguists(社会语言学家),overthecourse ofthelastfewdecades,haveconductedstudiesthattheybelievesupportthe第42页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解conclusionthatwomenareroutinelydiscriminatedagainstinEndlish-speaking society.Theypointtothewordsusedtodescribewomen,aswellasthewordsusedto describesocietyasawhole,asindicationsthattheEnglishlanguage,andthereforethe

57English-speakingculture,isslantedtowardstheadvantageofmales.Thewordsusedto describewomenareusedasinstrumentbyfeministsociolinguiststodenoteaninherent sexismintheEnglishlanguage.Wordpairssuchasmasterandmistressandsirand madam,theyclaim,epitomizesuchsexism.Allofthewordsinquestiononceheldpositive connotationsbut,whilethemasculine(男性的)formshaveretainedtheirrespectable associations,thefeminineformshaveundergonepejorationandnowimplysexual promiscuity(混杂)andothernegativecharacteristics.Feministresearchersassumethat suchpejorationindicatethatthestatusofwomeninEnglish-speakingsocietyis relativelylow.Theseresearchersalsofindfaultwiththeuseofmasculinewordsto describeunisexentities.Forexample,theyfeelthatthereisnothinginherentlymainly aboutmankind,thebestmanforthejob,orthecommonman.Similarly,theuseofsuch constructionsasthe“theaveragestudentsisworriedabouthisgrades”indicateto theseresearchersaninherentsexisminEnglishthatisreflectiveoftheculturesin whichtheyareproduced.CarolynJacobson,authorofNon-sexistLanguagehasproposeda solutiontothisconundrum(难题).Sheadvocatestheeliminationofallsexedwordsin favorofgender-neutralterms.Nolongershouldwerefertoactorsandactressesor waitersandwaitresses,assuchdichotomies(男女有别)allowforthepossibilityof negativeconnotationsbeingassociatedwiththefemininedesignation.Likewise,she believesthatphrasessuchasmankindshouldgivewaytohumankindandthattheuseof themasculinepronounasthedefaultshouldbeabandonedinfavorofneutral constructions.Thus,whensexismiseliminatedfromtheEnglishlanguage,theculturewill bemoreamenabletohedeliveranceofwomenaswell.1.Theprimarypurposeofthis

58passageisto【A】compareandcontrastideologyinvariouscultures【B】provea commonlyheldbelieftobewrong【C】describeaproblemandapossiblesolution【D】 analyzethehistoricaloriginsofamodernsituation2Accordingtothepassage,gender- neutralconstructionsshouldbeadvocatedbecause【A】theeliminationofsexisminthe Englishlanguagewillprecedetheeliminationofsexismintheculture【B】theyaremore grammaticallysoundthansexedstructures第43页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解【C】unisextermsarelessawkwardincasualspeech【D】sex-specifictermsalways carrynegativeconnotations3Theauthorreferstomankind,thebestmanforthejob,and thecommonmaninorderto【A】demonstratethesuperiorityofmalesinEnglish- speakingsociety【B】provideanexampleofspeechthatisslantedtowardstheadvantage ofmales【C】listthecharacteristicsofthefeministsocialinguistmovement【D】 discountthenotionthattheEnglishlanguagediscriminatesagainstwomen4Theword “perjorationmostprobablymeans【A】negativeconnotation【B】positiveconnotation【 C】sexualcharacteristic【D】respectablecharacteristic5Infavorofgender- neutralterms,whichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtodescribeunisexentities?【A】 mankind【B】chairperson【C】superman【D】dragonlady（31）2009年6月英语六级阅读训 练（4）TherewasonshopinthetownofMufulira，whichwasnotoriousforitscolor bar.Itwasadrugstore.WhileEuropeanswereservedatthecounter，alonglineof Africansqueuedatthewindowandoftennotonlywerekeptwaitingbut，whentheirturn cametobeserved，wererudelytreatedbytheshopassistants.OnedayIwasdetermined tomakeapublicprotestagainstthiskindofthing，andmanyoftheschoolboysinmy

59classfollowedmetothestoreandwaitedoutsidetoseewhatwouldhappenwhenIwent in.Isimplywentintotheshopandaskedthemanagerpolitelyforsomemedicine.Assoon ashesawmestandingintheplacewhereonlyEuropeancustomerswereallowedtostandhe shoutedatmeinabastardlanguagethatisonlyusedbyanemployedwhenspeakingtohis servants.IstoodatthecounterandpolitelyrequestedinEnglishthatIshouldbe served.ThemanagerbecameexasperatedandsaidtomeinEnglish，“Ifyoustandthere tillChristmasIwillneverserveyou.”IwenttotheDistrictcommissioner'soffice. FortunatelytheDistrictCommissionerwasout，forhewasoneoftheoldschool； however，IsawayoungDistrictOfficerwhowasafriendofmine.Hewasveryconcerned tohearmystoryandtoldmethatifeverIwantedanythingmorefromthedrugstoreallI hadtodowascometohimpersonallyandhewouldbuymymedicineforme.Iprotested thatthatwasnotgoodenough.Iaskedhimtoaccompanymebacktothestoreandtomake aprotesttothemanager.Thishedid，andIwellrememberhim第44页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解sayingtothemanager，“HereisMr.KaundawhoisaresponsiblememberoftheUrban AdvisoryCouncil，andyoutreathimlikeacommonservant.”Themanagerofthe drugstoreapologizedandsaid，“Ifonlyhehadintroducedhimselfandexplainedwhohe was，then，ofcourseIshouldhavegivenhimproperservice.”Ihadtoexplainonce againthathehadmissedmypoint.WhyshouldIhavetointroducemyselfeverytimeI wentintoastore…anymorethanIshouldhavetobuymymedicinebygoingtoaEuropean friend？Iwanttoprovethatanymanofanycolor，whateverhisposition，shouldhave therighttogointoanyshopandbuywhathewanted.1.“Colorbar”inthefirst

60paragraphcomesclosestinmeaningto.A.abarwhichispaintedindifferentcolors. B.thefactthatwhiteandblackcustomersareservedseparately.C.abarofchocolate havingdifferentcolors.D.acounterwherepeopleofdifferentcolorsareservedwith beer.2.Thewriterwas，atthetimeofthestory，.A.ablackschoolteacherB.an AfricanservantC.ablack，butafriendofEuropeansD.arichblack3.Themanagerofthe drugstoreshoutedatthewriterinabastardlanguagebecause.A.hehadn'tlearnedto speakpoliteEnglish.B.hethoughtthewriterwouldn'tunderstandEnglish.C.thatwasthe usuallanguageusedbyEuropeanswhenspeakingtoAfricans.D.thatwastheonlylanguage hecouldspeakwhenhewasangry.4.Inthethirdparagraph，“hewasoneoftheold school”means.A.hebelievedintheage-oldpracticeofracialdiscrimination.B.hewas averyoldman.C.hegraduatedfromanold，conservativeschool.D.hewasinchargeofan oldschool.5.Whydidn'tthewriterwaitatthewindowofthedrugstorelikeotherblack African？A.Becausehethoughthewaseducatedandshouldbetreateddifferently. B.Becausehethought，beinganimportantperson，heshouldnotbekeptwaiting.C.Because hethoughthiswhitefriendswouldhelphimout.D.Becausehewantedtoprotestagainst racialdiscrimination.（32）2009年12月英语六级阅读专项训练（1）第45页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解Withitscommoninterestinlawbreakingbutitsimmenserangeofsubjectmatterand widelyvaryingmethodsoftreatment,thecrimenovelcouldmakealegitimateclaimtobe regardedasaseparatebranchofliterature,or,atleast,asadistinct,eventhougha slightlydisreputable,shootofthetraditionalnovel.Thedetectivestoryisprobably themostrespectable(atanyrateinthenarrowsenseoftheword)ofthecrimespecies.

61Itscreationisoftentherelaxationofuniversitydons,literaryeconomists,scientists orevenpoets.Fatalitiesmayoccurmorefrequentlyandmysteriouslythanmightbe expectedinpolitesociety,buttheworldinwhichtheyhappen,thevillage,seaside resort,collegeorstudio,isfamiliartous,ifnotfromourownexperience,atleastin thenewspaperorthelivesoffriends.Thecharacters,thoughnormallyrealized superficially,areasrecognizablyhumanandconsistentasourlessintimateassociates. Astorysetinamoreremoteenvironment,Africanjungle,orAustralianbush,ancient ChinaorgaslitLondon,appealstoourinterestingeographyorhistory,andmost detectivestorywritersareconscientiousinprovidingareasonablyauthenticbackground. Theelaborate,carefully-assembledplot,despisedbythemodemintellectualcriticsand creatorsofsignificantnovels,hasfoundrefugeinthemurdermystery,withits sprinklingofclues,itsspicingwithapparentimpossibilities,allwithappropriate solutionsandexplanationsattheend.WiththeguiltofescapismfromRealLife,nagging gently,wesecretlyrevelintheunmaskingofevilbyavaguelysuper-humansleuth(侦 探),whoseesthroughanddispelsthecloudofsuspicionwhichhashoveredsounjustly overtheinnocent.Thoughitsvillainalsoreceiveshisrightfuldeserts,thethriller presentsalesscomfortableandcredibleworld.Thesequenceoffistfights,revolver duels,carcrashesandescapesfromgas-filledcellarsexhauststhereaderfarmorethan thehero,whosuffersfromatleasttwobrokenribs,oneblackeye,uncountablebruises andahangover,canstillchaseandoverpoweranarmedvillainWiththephysiqueof wrestler.Hemovesdangerouslythroughaworldofruthlessgangs,brutality,avicious lustforpowerandmoneyand,incontrasttothedetectivetale,withanear-omniscient

62arch-criminalwhosedefeatseemsalmostaccidental.Perhapswemissinthethrillerthe securityofbeingsafelyledbyourcalminvestigatorpastascoreofredherringsand blindavenuestoafinalgatheringofsuspectswhenanunchallengeableelucidation(解释) ofallthathasbewilderedusisgivenandjusticeandgoodnessprevail.Allthatwe vainlyhopeforfromlifeisgrantedvicariously（间接地）.57.Thecrimenovelmaybe regardedas[A]notatreenovelatall[B]anindependentdevelopmentofthenovel第46页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解[C]relatedinsomewaystothehistoricalnovel[D]aquiterespectableformofthe conventionalnovel58.Thepassagesuggeststhatintellectualswritedetectivestories because[A]theyenjoywritingthesestories[B]thestoriesareofteninfactvery instructive[C]detectivestoriesareanacceptedbranchofliterature[D]the creationofthesestoriesdemandsconsiderableintelligence59.Whatfeatureofthe detectivestoryissaidtodisqualifyitfromrespectfulconsiderationbyintellectual critics?[A]Thefactthattheguiltyarealwaysfoundoutandtheinnocentcleared.[ B]Thelackofinterestingenuinecharacterrevelations.[C]Theexistenceofaneat closely-knitstory.[D]Themanyseeminglyimpossibleevents.60.Oneofthemost incrediblecharacteristicsoftheheroofathrilleris[A]hisexcitinglife[B]his amazingtoughness[C]thewayhedealswithenemies[D]hisabilitytoescapefrom dangeroussituations61.Inwhatwayarethedetectivestoryandthethrillerunlike?[A] Inintroducingviolence.[B]Inprovidingexcitementandsuspense．[C]Inensuringthat everythingcomesrightintheend．[D]Inappealingtotheintellectualcuriosityofthe reader（３３）2009年12月英语六级阅读专项训练（２）Everyonceinawhilethereasons

63fordiscouragementaboutthehumanprospectpileupsohighthatitbecomesdifficultto seethewayahead。anditisthena．greatblessingtohaveoneconspicuousand undeniablegoodthingtothinkaboutourselves，somethingsolidenoughtostepontoand lookbeyondthepile．languageisoftenusefulforthis，andmusic．Aparticular painting，ifyouhavetherightreceptors，canliftthespiritsandholdthemhigh enoughtoseeawholefuturefortherace．Thesoundoflaughterinthedistanceinthe darkcanbeamarvelousencouragement．Buttheseareuncertainstimuli，ready，towork onlyifyouhappentobereadytoreceivethem,whichtakesabitofluck.Ihavebeen readingmagazinestoriesaboutthetechnologyofliedetectionlately，anditoccursto methatthismaybethethingI'vebeenlookingfor，anencouragementsupportedby genuine，hardscientificdata．ItispromisingenoughthatI’vedecidedtotakeas givenwhatthearticlessay．uncritically，andtolooknofurther．AsIunderstandit，a humanbeingcannottellalie，evenasmallone．withoutsettingoffakindofsmoke alarmSomewheredeepina第47页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解darkrecessofthebrain，resultinginthesuddendischarge9fnerveimpulses，orthe suddenoutpouringofneurohormones(神经激素)ofsomesort，orboth．Theoutcome，recorded bythelie—detectordeviceissimilartotheresponsestovariouskindsofstress． Lying，thenisstressful，evenwhenwedoitforprotection，orrelief，orescape，or profit，orjustforthepurepleasureoflyingandgettingawaywithit．Itisastrain． distressingenoughtocausetheemissionofsignalstoandfromthecentralnervous systemwarningthatsomethinghasgonewron9．Itis，inapurephysiologicalsense，an

64unnaturalact．NowIregardthisasapieceofextraordinarilygoodnews，meaning， thatwearecompelledtobeamoralspeciesatleastinthelimitedsensethatweare biologicallydesignedtobetruthfultoeachother．Itseemsapettythingtohavethis information，butperhapsittellsustolookagain，andlookdeeper．Weareindeeda socialspecies，moredependentoneachotherthanthecelebratedsocialinsects，wecan nomoreliveasolitarylifethancanabee，wealeobliged，asaspecies。torelyon eachother—Trustisafundamentalrequirementforourkindofexistence，andwithoutit allourlinkageswouldbegintosnaploose．Itisenough，quiteenough，toknowthatwe cannoteventellaplainuntruth，andbetrayatrust，withoutscaringsomepartofour ownbrains．62．Inthefirstparagraph．theauthorimpliesthat[A]weareconvincedthat menarebornevil[B]humanbeingsaresurroundedbypilesofrubbish[C]therearealot ofobstaclesonthewayaheadofhumanbeings[D]man’sfutureisseentobeencouraging fromhisgoodnature63．Accordingtothesecondparagraph，whichofthefollowing statementsistrue?[A]Languageisasusefulasmusic．[B]Paintingisthebestofall inliftingone’sspirits．[C]Toseehuman’sbrightsideisagameofchance[D]Not everyoneisgiventhechanceofagoodfuture．64.Whichofthefollowingistrue ac6ordingtothepassage?[A]Physiologicalchangeswillforsurebetrayaliar.[B] Thebiggeralieis,thestrongerthestrainwillbe.[C]Thedegreeofthestrain dependsonthepurposeoflying.[D]Awell-trainedpersoncantelllieswithoutbeing detected.65.Theinformationgivenbytheliedetector,accordingtotheauthor,is[A] trivial[B]essential[C]surprising[D]unreliable66.Themessagetheauthor transmitstousbytheliedetectoristhat

65第48页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解[A]itisvitalforustobetruthfultoeachother[B]lyingwillbecheckedby moreadvancedliedetectors[C]aliedetectorcanmakeagoodrecordofnerveimpulses [D]aliarbenefitshimselffromlying,butonlyatthecostofothers（３４）2009年 12月英语六级阅读专项训练（３）PresidentBushtouchedoffafirestormofcriticismfrom congressionalDemocrats,civilfightsgroupsandnewspapereditorialistsWednesdaywhen hedecidedtointerveneinaSupremeCourtcasechallengingracialpreferencesinthe UniversityofMichiganadmissionspolicy.Thehowlsofprotestwerequickandloud. Judgingfromthenoise,onemightconcludethatthispresidentisinbigpolitical troubleashelookstoreelectionin2004.Afterall,withpublicuncertaintyaboutthe economy,thepossibilityofwarwithIraq,increasedtensionswithNorthKoreadominating theheadlines,andDemocratshurlingbrickbatsatBushforeverythingfromhiseconomic stimulusplanthattheysayfavorstherichtowhattheyseeashisabandonmentof minoritiesbyopposingtheMichigancase,hewouldappeartobepoised(使平衡)onthe brinkofpoliticaldisaster.Butishe?Notyet.Hisstandingwiththepublicisstronger thanoutwardpollnumberssuggest.MuchwasmadethispastweekofaUSATODAYCNNGallup PollthatshowedBush'sjobapprovalratingdippingbelow60%forthefirsttimesince Sept.11,to58%.Thatcausedmanytocommentthathemightbefollowingdownapathhis fatherpreviouslytrod.TheelderBushachievedsuccessinthePersianGulfWarbutsaw hisjobratingserodesteadily,largelybecauseofwhatmanyreadasaninadequate responsetoaslumpingeconomy.Hewasdeniedasecondterm.ButfortheyoungerBushto

66beindangerofarepeat,hewouldhavetodosomethingthatbreaksthebondhehas formedwiththeAmericanpubliconapersonallevelsinceSept.11thattranscendshis positionsonvariousissues.ThesameUSATODAYpollthatshowedBush'soveralljob- approvalslipping,butstillgood,alsofoundthathisso-calledpolitical"vitalsigns" areremarkablystrong.Theysuggestthatregardlessofwhetherpeopleagreeordisagree withBush'shandlingofspecificproblemsorissues,heretainsahighdegreeofrespect, trustandsupportforpushingboldlyaheadasheseesfit.Mostwhosaidthequalitiesdo notapplyareDemocrats,WhomorethanlikelyarenotgoingtovoteforBushanyway.It istheswingvotersthatBushmusthold,andthepollshowsthatmostindependentsrank Bushpositivelyonthesemeasures,Healso"getssomeprettystrongratingsfromwomen, whotraditionallyleantowardDemocraticpresidentialcandidates.SowhenBushmakesa bolddecisiontofightterrorism,opposethe第49页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解MichiganadmissionspolicyorforceSaddamHusseintodisarm,manymaydisagree.But theyratehimhighforleading,which,afterall,iswhatweelectourpresidentstodo. Andmostseehimashonest,willingtogetalongwithhispoliticalopponentsandan effectivegovernmentmanager.AnalystssaythosevitalsignswillseeBushthroughthe roughtimes.52.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheUniversityofMichigan[A ]carriesoutapreferentialpolicyforrecruitingminoritystudents[B]comesintoopen conflictswithBush'seconomicstimulusplan[C]putsBushintroublebyabandoning minoritystudentsinitsadmission[D]isstronglyopposedtoBush'sforeignpolicies53. Accordingtothepassage,thepollnumbersindicatethat[A]Bush'sstandingwiththe

67publicisverystrong[B]Bush'seconomicpackagewinswidespreadsupport[C]public supportforBushisdeclining[D]Bushisonthebrinkofpoliticaldisaster54.The elderBushlostasecondtermmainlybecause[A]helostthePersianGulfWar[B]he failedtodevelopanintimaterelationshipwiththepublic[C]heprovedhimself inadequateasapoliticalleader[D]hedidnottakeeffectivemeasurestorecoverthe economy55.Theexpression"vitalsigns"(Line2,Para.3)mainlyrefersto[A]signs thatsignalizepublicsatisfactionwithBush'swork[B]qualitiesthatmeetthe leadershipofthecountry[C]pollnumbersthatshowBush'sjob-approvalratings[D] issuesthatBushhastohandlebeforeareelection56.Themainideaofthepassageis that[A]approvalpollsdon'ttellthewholeBushstory[B]youngBushisindangerof repeatingtheelderBush'smistakes[C]fightinganotherwardoesnothelptheslumping economy[D]publicsupportforBush'sworktakesanotherdip（３５）2009年12月英语六 级阅读专项训练（４）Inrecentyears,wehaveallwatchedtheincreasing commercializationofthecampus.Thenumerousadvertisingpostersandthegoldenarches offastfoodoutletsmaybeaninsulttoouraestheticsensibilities,buttheyare, arguably,noworsethanugly.Someoftheothernewfeaturesofcommercializedcampus lifedo,however,constituteaseriousthreattothingswerightlyrespect. "Privatization"andthe"businessmodel"arethepotentialmenace.Whatdothesenotions mean?Tome,theyinvolveanincreased第50页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解dependenceonindustryandcharitableactionsforoperatingtheuniversity;an increasedamountofourresourcesbeingdirectedtoappliedorso-calledpractical

68Subjects,bothinteachingandinresearch;aproprietary(所有权的，所有人的)treatment ofresearchresults,withthecommercialinterestinsecrecyoverridingthepublic's interestinfree,sharedknowledge;andanattempttoruntheuniversitymorelikea businessthattreatsindustryandstudentsasclientsandourselvesasserviceproviders withsomethingtosell.Wepayincreasingattentiontotheimmediateneedsanddemandsof our"customers"and,astheoldsayinggoes,"thecustomerisalwaysright". Privatizationisparticularlyfrighteningfromthepointofviewofpublicwell-being.A researcheremployedbyauniversity-affiliatedhospitalinCanada,workingundercontract withamedicine-makingcompany,madepublicherfindingsthataparticulardrugwas harmful.Thisviolatedthetermsofhercontract,andsoshewasfired.Herdismissal causedascandal,andshewassubsequentlyrestoredtoherpreviousposition.The universityandhospitalinquestionarenowworkingoutsomethingsimilartotenure(终身 任职)forhospital-basedresearchersandguidelinesforcontracts,sothatmorepublic exposureofprivatelyfundedresearchwillbecomepossible.Thisisararevictoryanda smallstepintherightdirection,butthegeneraltrendistheotherway.Thanksto profit-drivenprivatefunding,researchersarenotonlyforcedtokeepvaluable informationsecret,theyareoftencontractuallyobligedtokeepdiscovereddangersto publichealthunderwraps,too.Ofcourse,wemustnotbetoonaiveaboutthis. Governmentscanunwiselyinsistonsecrecy,too,asdidtheBritishMinistryof Agriculture,Fisheries,andFoodintheworktheyfundedinconnectionwiththebovine spongiformencephalopathy(牛脑海绵体病)epidemic.Thispreventedothersfrom reviewingtherelevant,dataandpointingoutthatproblemsweremoreserousthan

69governmentwaslettingon.57.Fromthefirstparagraphwecanlearnthatthecampuslife hasbecome[A]moreconvenient[B]ratherugly[C]somewhatharmful[D]nomore aestheticthanbefore58."Privatization"andthe"businessmodel"inthispassagemost probablymean[A]potentialmenacetolife[B]newfeaturesofcampuslife[C]new trendoncampus[D]dependenceonindustryandcharities59.Theauthorbelievesthatwe shouldpay[A]littleattentiontoappliedsubjects[B]dueattentiontothepublic interestinfree,sharedknowledge第51页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解[C]moreattentiontotheimmediateneedsanddemandsofourcustomers[D] considerableattentiontothecommercialinterestinthesecrecyofresearchresults60. Theresearchermentionedinthethird.paragraphwasfiredbecause[A]sheworkedfor therivalofthecompany[B]shefailedtokeepherresearchresultssecret[C]she wasobligedtokeepherdiscoveriessecret[D]shewascommittedtoacontractwitha company61.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat[A]thegeneralpublicistoonaiveto acceptthe"privatization"[B]thenotionthat"thecustomerisalwaysright"isoutof date[C]itisageneraltrendthattherewillbemorepublicdisclosureofprivately fundedresearch[D]thebovinespongiformencephalopathyepidemicinBritainwasmore阅 读专项35篇【附】【1】【5】【9】【13】【17】【21】【25】【29】【33】CADBC【2】CCCBA【6】ACDDD【10】BCDAD【14】DACCD【18】BDABD【22】CABDC【26】 CABAB【30】DCABA34】DCAAB【3】：DDCAC【7】CBCCD【11】AAABA【15】BCDAC【19】BAACB【23】BDCCA【27】 CABAB【31】ACDBA【35】

70DCBCB【4】ABDDB【8】CBBAC【12】DAAAA【16】【CDADBCDADADADDD】AAADD]CDDADBCADDBCADDBACＢＤBCADD【20】[BCDAA【24】BDCCA【28】BACAD【32】CBBDDseriousthanwhatwasdisclosed第52页共52页1