大学英语六级阅读专项练习35篇】附答案

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大学英语六级阅读专项练习35篇】附答案全国英语六级阅读理解阅读理解专项练习35篇1.2007年12月英语六级阅读专项训练（1）GivingCreditWhereCreditIsNotDueThebigidentity-theftbustlastweekwasjustatasteofwhat'stocome.Here'showtoprotectyourgoodnameHERE'STHESCARYTHINGabouttheidentity-theftringthatthefedscrackedlastweek:therewasnothinganyofitsestimated40,000victimscouldhavedonetopreventitfromhappening.Thiswasaninsidejob,accordingtocourtdocuments.Alowlyhelp-deskworkeratTeledataCommunications,asoftwarefirmthathelpsbanksaccesscreditreportsonline,allegedlystolepasswordsforthosereportsandsoldthemtoagroupof20thievesat$60apop.Thatallowedthegangtocherry-pickconsumerswithgoodcreditandapplyforallkindsofaccountsintheirnames.Costtothevictims:$3millionandrising.Evenscarieristhatthis,thelargestidentity-theftbusttodate,isjustadropinthebitbucket.Morethan700,000Americanshavetheircredithijackedeveryyear.It'soneofcrime'sbiggestgrowthmarkets.Aname,addressandSocialSecuritynumber--whichcanoftenbefoundontheWeb--isallanybodyneedstoapplyforaboguslineofcredit.Creditcompanies

1make$1.3trillionannuallyandloselessthan2%ofthatrevenuetofraud,sothere'slittlefinancialincentiveforthemtomaketheapplicationprocessmoresecure.Asitstandsnow,it'suptoyoutoprotectyouridentity.Thegoodnewsisthatthereareplentyofstepsyoucantake.Mostcreditthievesareopportunists,notwell-organizedgangs.AlotofthemgoDumpsterdivingforthosemillionsof"pre-approved"credit-cardmailingsthatgoouteveryday.Othersstealwalletsandreturnthem,takingonlyaSocialSecuritynumber.ShreddingyourjunkmailandleavingyourSocialSecuritycardathomecansavealotofagonylater.Butthemosteffectivewaytokeepyouridentitycleanistocheckyourcreditreportsonceortwiceayear.Therearethreemajorcredit-reportoutfits:Equifax(atequifax.com),Trans-Union(www.transunion.com)andExperian(experian.com).Allallowyoutoorderreportsonline,whichisalotbetterthanwadingthroughvoice-mailhellontheir800lines.Ofthethree,IfoundTransUnion'swebsitetobethecheapestandmostcomprehensive--layingoutstate-by-stateprices,rightsandtipsforconsumersineasy-to-readfashion.Ifyou'reluckyenoughtoliveinColorado,Georgia,Maryland,Massachusetts,NewJerseyorVermont,youareentitledtoonefreereporta

2yearbylaw.Otherwiseit'sgoingtocost$8to$14eachtime.Avoidservicesthatoffertomonitoryourreportsyear-roundforabout$70;that's$10morethanthegoingrateamongthieves.Ifyouthink第1页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解you'reavictimofidentitytheft,youcanaskforfraudalertstobeputonfileateachofthethreecredit-reportcompanies.Youcanalsodownloadatheft-reportformatwww.consumer.gov/idtheft,which,alongwithalocalpolicereport,shouldhelpwheniratecreditorscomeknocking.Justdon'texpectjustice.Thataudacioushelp-deskworkerwasoneofthefewerthan2%ofidentitythieveswhoareevercaught.1.Whatisthetrendofcredit-theftcrime?[A]Tightlysuppressed.[B]Morefrightening.[C]Rapidlyincreasing.[D]looselycontrolled.2.Theexpression“insidejob”(Line6,Paragraph1)mostprobablymeans.[A]acrimethatiscommittedbyapersonworkingforthevictim[B]acrimethatshouldbepunishedseverely[C]acrimethatdoesgreatharmtothevictim[D]acrimethatposesagreatthreattothesociety3.Thecreditorscanprotecttheiridentityinthe

3followingwayexcept.[A]destroyingyourjunkmail[B]leavingyourSocialSecuritycardathome[C]visitingthecredit-reportwebsiteregularly[D]obtainingthefreereportfromthegovernment4.Whyisiteasytohavecredit-theft?[A]Morepeopleareusingcreditservice.[B]Theapplicationprogramisnotsafeenough.[C]Creditorsusuallydisclosetheiridentity.[D]Creditorsarenotcarefulabouttheiridentity.5.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?[A]Thedangerofcredit-theft[B]Thelossofthecreditors[C]Howtoprotectyourgoodname[D]Whythecreditorslosetheiridentity2.2007年12月英语六级阅读专项训练（2）Opinionpollsarenowbeginningtoshowthat,whoeveristoblameandwhateverhappensfromnowon,highunemploymentisprobablyheretosay.Thismeansweshallhavetofindwaysofsharingtheavailableemploymentmorewidely.Butweneedtogofurther.Wemustasksomefundamentalquestionsaboutthefuturework.Shouldwecontinuetotreatemploymentasthenorm?Shouldwenotratherencouragemanywaysforself-respectingpeopletowork?Shouldwenotcreateconditionsinwhichmanyofuscanworkforourselves,ratherthanforanemployer?Shouldwenotaimtorevivethehouseholdandtheneighborhood,aswellasthefactoryandtheoffice,ascentersofproduction

4andwork?Theindustrialagehasbeentheonlyperiodofhumanhistoryinwhich第2页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解mostpeople’sworkhastakentheformofjobs.Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend,andsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobereversed.Thisseemsadauntingthought.But,infact,itcouldoffertheprospectofabetterfutureforwork.Universalemployment,asitshistoryshows,hasnotmeanteconomicfreedom.Employmentbecamewidespreadwhentheenclosuresofthe17thand18thcenturiesmademanypeopledependentonpaidworkbydeprivingthemoftheuseoftheland,andthusofthemeanstoprovidealivingforthemselves.Thenthefactorysystemdestroyedthecottageindustriesandremovedworkfrompeople’shomes.Later,astransportimprovedfirstbyrailandthenbyroad,peoplecommutedlongerdistancestotheirplacesofemploymentuntil,eventually,manypeople’sworklostallconnectionwiththeirhomelivesandtheplacesinwhichtheylive.Meanwhile,employmentputwomenatadisadvantage.Inpreindustrial

5times,menandwomenhadsharedtheproductiveworkofthehouseholdandvillagecommunity.Nowitbecamecustomaryforthehusbandtogoouttopaidemployment,leavingtheunpaidworkofthehomeandfamiliestohiswife.Taxandbenefitregulationsstillassumethisnormtoday,andrestrictmoreflexiblesharingofworkrolesbetweenthesexes.Itwasnotonlywomenwhoseworkstatussuffered.Asemploymentbecamethedominantformofwork,youngpeopleandoldpeoplewereexcluded—aproblemnow,asmoreteenagersbecomefrustratedatschoolandmoreretiredpeoplewanttoliveactivelives.Allthismaynowhavetochange.Thetimehascertainlycometoswitchsomeeffortandresourcesawayfromtheidealistgoalcreatingjobsforall,totheurgentpracticaltaskofhelpingmanypeopletomanagewithoutfull-timejobs.21.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A）Employmentbecamewidespreadinthe17thand18thcenturies.B）Unemploymentwillremainamajorproblemforindustrializednations.C）Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend.D）Someeffortsandresourcesshouldbedevotedtohelpingmorepeoplecopewiththeproblemofunemployment.22.WhichofthefollowingwasNOTmentionedasafactorcontributingtothe

6spreadofemployment?A）Theenclosuresofthe17thand18thcenturies.B）Thedevelopmentoffactories.C）Relieffromhouseworkonthepartofwomen.D）Developmentofmodernmeansoftransportation.第3页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解23.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A）mostpeoplewhohavebeenpolledbelievethattheproblemofunemploymentmaynotbesolvedwithinashortperiodoftimeB）manyfarmerslosttheirlandwhennewrailwaysandfactorieswerebeingconstructedC）inpreindustrialsocietieshouseworkandcommunityserviceweremainlycarriedoutbywomenD）someofthechangesinworkpatternthattheindustrialagebroughthavebeenreversed24.Whatdoestheword“daunting”inthethirdparagraphmean?A）ShockingB）InterestingC）ConfusingD）Stimulating25.WhichofthefollowingisNOTsuggestedasapossiblemeanstocopewiththecurrentsituation?A）Createsituationsinwhichpeopleworkforthemselves.B）Treatemploymentasthenorm.C）Endeavortorevivethehouseholdandtheneighborhoodascentersofproduction.

7D）Encouragepeopletoworkincircumstancesotherthannormalworkingconditions.3.2007年12月英语六级阅读专项训练（3）Nooneshouldbeforcedtowearauniformunderanycircumstance.Uniformsaredemandingtothehumanspiritandtotallyunnecessaryinademocraticsociety.Uniformstelltheworldthatthepersonwhowearsonehasnovalueasanindividualbutonlylivestofunctionasapartofawhole.Theindividualinauniformlosesallself-worth.Therearethosewhosaythatwearingauniformgivesapersonasenseofidentificationwithalarger,moreimportantconcept.Whatcouldbemoreimportantthantheindividualhimself?Ifanorganizationissoweakthatitmustrelyonclothandbuttonstoinspireitsmembers,thatorganizationhasnorighttocontinueitsexistence.Otherssaythatthepracticeofmakingpersonswearuniforms,sayinaschool,eliminatesallenvyandcompetitioninthematterofdress,suchthatapoorpersonwhocannotaffordgood-qualityclothingisnottobebelittledbyawealthypersonwhowearsexpensivequalityclothing.Thosepersonsconvenientlyignoresuchcriticalconceptsasfreedomofchoice,motivation,andindividuality.Ifallpersonsweretowearthesameclothing,whywouldanyonestrivetobebetter?Itisonlyashortstep

8fromforcingeveryonetodrivethesamecar,havethesametypeoffoods.Whenthishappens,allincentivetoimproveone’slifeisremoved.Whywouldparentsbothertoworkhardsothattheirchildrencouldhaveabetterlifethantheyhadwhentheyknowthattheirchildrenaregoingtobeforcedtohaveexactlythesamelifethattheyhad?第4页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解Uniformsalsohurttheeconomy.Rightnow,billionsofdollarsarespentonthefashionindustryyearly.Thousandsofpersonsareemployedindesigning,creatingandmarketingdifferenttypesofclothing.Ifeveryonewereforcedtowearuniforms,artisticpersonnelwouldbeunnecessary.Salespersonswouldbesuperfluousaswell;whybothertoselltheonlyitemsthatareavailable?Thewearingofuniformswoulddestroythefashionindustry,whichinturnwouldhavearippleeffectonsuchindustriesasadvertisingandpromotion.Withoutadvertising,newspapers,magazines,andtelevisionwouldnotbeabletoremaininbusiness.Oneentireinformationandentertainmentindustrywouldcollapse.26.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeinwritingthispassagewas

9to.A）pleadfortheabolishmentofuniformsB）showthatuniformsarenotpossibleinademocraticsocietyC）advocatestrongergovernmentalcontrolsonthewearingofuniformsD）convincethereaderthatuniformshavemoredisadvantagesthanadvantages27.Whydoestheauthordiscussforcingeveryonetobuythesamecaroreatthesamefood?A)Toshowthatfreedomofchoiceisabsolute.B)Toshowthatthegovernmenthasinterferedtoomuchinthelivesofindividual.C)Tosuggestwhatwouldhappenifuniformsbecamecompulsory.D)Topredictthewaythesocietywillbeinthenextfewgenerations.28.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtotheauthor?A)Thepersonwhowearsauniformhasnoself-worth.B)Wearingauniformgivesapersonasenseofidentificationwithalargerconcept.C)Uniformswillhurtoneentireinformationandentertainmentindustry.D)Envyandcompetitionareincentivetoimproveone’slife.29.Theword“superfluous”(Para.3)mostprobablymeans.A)indispensableB)availableC)surplusD)supplementary30.Thenextparagraphinthispassagemightdiscuss.A)thepositiveeffectsofwearinguniformsB)morenegativeeffectsofwearinguniformsC)alternativetowearing

10uniformsD)thelegalrightsofthosenotwishingtowearuniforms4.2007年12月英语六级阅读专项训练（4）Astrangethingabouthumansistheircapacityforblindrage.Rageispresumablyanemotionresultingfromsurvivalinstinct,butthe第5页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解surprisingthingaboutitisthatwedonotdeployitagainstotheranimals.Ifweencounteradangerouswildanimal-apoisonoussnakeorawildcat-wedonotflyintoatemper.Ifweareunarmed,weshowfearandattempttobackaway;ifwearesuitablyarmed,weattack,butinarationalmannernotinarage.Wereserverageforourownspecies.Itishardtoseeanysurvivalvalueinattackingone’sown,butifwetakeaccountofthelongcompetition,whichmusthaveexistedbetweenourownsubspeciesandotherslikeNeanderthalman-indeedothersstillmoreremotefromusthanNeanderthalmanhumanragebecomesmorecomprehensible.Inoureverydaylanguageandbehaviortherearemanyremindersofthoseearlystruggles.Wearealwaysusingthewords“usandthem”.“Our”sideis

11perpetuallytryingtododownthe“other”side.Ingamesweartificiallycreateothersubspecieswecanattack.Theoppositionof“us”and“them”isthetouchstoneofthetwo-partysystemof“democratic”politics.Althoughtherearenoveryseriousconsequencestomanyofthesemodernpsychologicalrepresentationsofthe“usandthem”emotion,itisaswelltorememberthattheoriginalaimwasnottobeattheothersubspeciesinagamebuttoexterminateit.Thereadinesswithwhichhumansallowthemselvestoberegimentedhaspermittedlargearmiestobeformed,which,takentogetherwiththe“usandthem”blindrage,hasledtodestructiveclasheswithinoursubspeciesitself.TheFirstWorldWarisanexampleinwhichEuropedivideditselfintotwoimaginarysubspecies.AndthereisasimilarexterminationbattlenowinNorthernIreland.Theideathatthereisareligiousbasisforthisclashisillusory,fornoteventhePopehasbeenabletocontrolit.TheclashismuchmoreprimitivethantheChristianreligion,mucholderinitsemotionalorigin.TheconflictinIrelandisunlikelytostopuntilagreaterprimitivefearisimposedfromoutsidethecommunity,oruntilthecombatantsbecomeexhausted.31.Asuitabletitleforthispassagewouldbe.A)WhyHuman

12ArmiesAreFormedB)Man’sAngerAgainstRageC)TheHumanCapacityforRageD)EarlyStrugglesofAngryMan32.Accordingtotheauthor,thesurprisingaspectofhumanangeris.A)itslengthyandcomplexdevelopmentB)aconflictsuchasisnowgoingoninNorthernIrelandC)thatwedonotflyintoatempermoreoftenD)thatwereserveangerformankind33.Thepassagesuggeststhat.A)historically,wehavecreatedan“us”versus“them”societyB)humanshavehadanaturaldisinclinationtowardformalgrouping第6页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解C)theFirstWorldWarisanexampleofhowmanhasalwaysavoideddominationD)theemotionaloriginofthewarinIrelandislostintime34.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat.A)theartificialcreationofasubspeciesunlikeusissomethingthatneverhappensB)gamesarepsychologicallyunhealthyC)anyartificiallycreatedsubspecieswouldbeourenemyD)therealorimaginedexistenceofanopposingsubspeciesisinherentinman’sactivities35.Theauthorbelievesthatareligious

13explanationforthewarinNorthernIrelandis.A)foundedinhistoricalfactB)deceptiveC)apparentD)probablyaccurate5.2007年12月英语六级阅读专项训练（5）Thefirstwaywecanapproachlanguageisasaphenomenonoftheindividualperson.Itisconcernedwithdescribingandexplaininglanguageasamatterofhumanbehavior.Peoplespeakandwrite;theyalsoevidentlyreadandunderstandwhattheyhear.Theyarenotborndoingso;theyhavetoacquiretheseskills.Noteverybodyseemstodevelopthemtothesamedegree.Peoplemaysufferaccidentsordiseases,whichimpairtheirperformance.Languageisthusseenaspartofhumanpsychology,aparticularsortofbehavior,thebehavior,whichhasasitsprincipal,functionthatofcommunication.Thetroublewiththeterm“behavior”isthatitisoftentakentoreferonlytomoreorlessovert,anddescribable,physicalmovementsandacts.Yetpartoflanguagebehavior-thatofunderstandingspokenorwrittenlanguage,forexample-haslittleornophysicallyobservablesigns.Itistruewecansometimesinferthatunderstandinghastakenplacebythechangesthattakeplaceintheotherperson’sbehavior.Whensomeonehasbeenprohibitedfromdoingsomething,wemayinferthathehasunderstoodthe

14prohibitionbyobservingthatthereafterheneverbehavesinthatway.Wecannot,ofcourse,beabsolutelysurethathissubsequentbehaviorisaresultofhisunderstanding;itmightbeduetoalossofinterestorinclination.Sobehaviormustbetakentoincludeunobservableactivity,oftenonlytobeinferredfromotherobservablebehavior.Onceweadmitthatthestudyoflanguagebehaviorinvolvesdescribingandexplainingtheunobservable,thesituationbecomesmuchmorecomplicated,becausewehavetopostulatesomesetofprocesses,someinternalmechanism,whichoperateswhenwespeakandunderstand.Wehavetopostulatesomethingwecancallamind.Thestudyoflanguagefromthispointofviewcanthenbeseenasastudyofthespecificproperties,processesandstatesofthemind第7页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解whoseoutwardmanifestationsareobservablebehavior;whatwehavetoknowinordertoperformlinguistically.Thisapproachtolanguage,asaphenomenonoftheindividual,isthusprincipallyconcernedwithexplaininghowweacquirelanguage,anditsrelationtogeneralhumancognitivesystems,

15andwiththepsychologicalmechanismsunderlyingthecomprehensionandproductionofspeech;muchlesswiththeproblemofwhatlanguageisfor,thatis,itsfunctionascommunication,sincethisnecessarilyinvolvesmorethanasingleindividual.36.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A)LanguageasMeansofCommunication.B)LanguageandPsychology.C)LanguageandtheIndividual.D)LanguageasaSocialPhenomenon.37.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A)Languageisoftenregardedaspartofhumanpsychology.B)Peopledeveloplanguageskillsofdifferentdegreesasaresultofdifferentpersonalexperiences.C)Languageisaspecialkindofpsychologicalbehaviorthatisbornwithanindividual.D)Peoplelearntospeakandwritethroughimitationandtraining.38.Whatdoestheterm“behavior”inthesecondparagraphespeciallyrefertointhispassage?A)Itreferstoobservableandphysicalmovementsandacts.B)Itreferstothepartoflanguagebehaviorthatinvolvesunderstandingorinterpretation.C)Itreferstoboththeovertandtheunobservablelanguagebehaviorsincommunicating.D)Itreferstoactsofspeakingandwriting.39.Whatdoes“internalmechanism”(Line3,Para.3

16)mean?A)Secretmachine.B)Mentalprocesses.C)Overtsystem.D)Mechanicoperation.40.Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?A)Itsindividualisticapproachtolanguageismeanttostudythepsychologicalprocessesoflanguageacquisition.B)Theindividualisticapproachtolanguageismainlyconcernedwithhowlanguagefunctionsinsociety.C)Thestudyoflanguageissuretoinvolvemorethanasingleindividual.D)Psychologicalapproachtolanguageisconcernedwiththecomprehensionandproductionofspeech.6.2007年12月英语六级阅读专项训练（6）TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasically第8页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解private-enterprise，market-orientedeconomyinwhichconsumerslargelydeterminewhatshallbeproducedbyspendingtheirmoneyinthemarketplaceforthosegoodsandservicesthattheywantmost.Privatebusinessmen，strivingtomakeprofits，producethesegoodsandservicesincompetitionwithotherbusinessmen；andtheprofitmotive，operatingundercompetitivepressures，largelydetermines

17howthesegoodsandservicesareproduced.Thus，intheAmericaneconomicsystemitisthedemandofindividualconsumers，coupledwiththedesireofbusinessmentomaximizeprofitsandthedesireofindividualstomaximizetheirincomes，thattogetherdeterminewhatshallbeproducedandhowresourcesareusedtoproduceit.Animportantfactorinamarket-orientedeconomyisthemechanismbywhichconsumerdemandscanbeexpressedandrespondedtobyproducers.IntheAmericaneconomy，thismechanismisprovidedbyapricesystem，aprocessinwhichpricesriseandfallinresponsetorelativedemandsofconsumersandsuppliesofferedbyseller-producers.Iftheproductisinshortsupplyrelativetothedemand，thepricewillbebidupandsomeconsumerswillbeeliminatedfromthemarket.If，ontheotherhand，producingmoreofacommodityresultsinreducingitscost，thiswilltendtoincreasethesupplyofferedbyseller-producers，whichinturnwilllowerthepriceandpermitmoreconsumerstobuytheproduct.Thus，priceistheregulatingmechanismintheAmericaeconomicsystem.Theimportantfactorinaprivate-enterpriseeconomyisthatindividualareallowedtoownproductiveresources（privateproperty），andthey

18arepermittedtohirelabor，gaincontrolovernaturalresources，andproducegoodsandservicesforsaleataprofit.IntheAmericaneconomy，theconceptofprivatepropertyembracesnotonlytheownershipofproductiveresourcesbutalsocertainrights，includingtherighttodeterminethepriceofaproductortomakeafreecontractwithanotherprivateindividual.1.InPara.1，“thedesireofindividualstomaximizetheirincomes”means.A.Americansneverfeelsatisfiedwiththeirincomes.B.Americanstendtooverstatetheamountoftheirincomes.C.Americanswanttohavetheirincomesincreased.D.Americanswanttoincreasethepurchasingpoweroftheirincomes.2.Thefirsttwosentencesinthesecondparagraphclaritytheideatousthat.A.producerscansatisfytheconsumersbymechanizedproduction.B.consumerscanexpresstheirdemandsthroughproducers.C.producersdecidethepricesofproducts.D.supplyanddemandregulateprices.3.Theword“embraces”inPara.3probablyparallels.第9页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解A.enfoldB.hugC.comprehendD.support4.Accordingto

19thepassage，aprivate-enterpriseeconomyischaracterizedby.A.privatepropertyandrightsconcerned.B.manpowerandnaturalresourcescontrol.C.ownershipofproductiveresourcesD.freecontractsandprices.5.Thepassageismainlytalkingabout.A.howAmericangoodsareproduced.B.howAmericanconsumersbuytheirgoods.C.howAmericaneconomicsystemworks.D.howAmericanbusinessmanmaketheirprofits7.2007年12月英语六级阅读专项训练（7）Therearevariouswaysinwhichindividualeconomicunitscaninteractwithoneanother.Threebasicwaysmaybedescribedasthemarketsystem，theadministeredsystem，andthetraditionalsystem.Inamarketsystemindividualeconomicunitsarefreetointeractamongeachotherinthemarketplace.Itispossibletobuycommoditiesfromothereconomicunitsorsellcommoditiestothem.Inamarket，transactionsmaytakeplaceviabarterormoneyexchange.Inabartereconomy，realgoodssuchasautomobiles，shoes，andpizzasaretradedagainsteachother.Obviously，findingsomebodywhowantstotrademyoldcarinexchangeforasailboatmaynotalwaysbeaneasytask.Hence，theintroductionofmoneyasamediumofexchangeeasestransactionsconsiderably.Inthemodernmarketeconomy，goodsand

20servicesareboughtorsoldformoney.Analternativetothemarketsystemisadministrativecontrolbysomeagencyoveralltransactions.Thisagencywillissueedictsorcommandsastohowmuchofeachgoodandserviceshouldbeproduced，exchanged，andconsumedbyeacheconomicunit.Centralplanningmaybeonewayofadministeringsuchaneconomy.Thecentralplan，drawnupbythegovernment，showstheamountsofeachcommodityproducedbythevariousfirmsandallocatedtodifferenthouseholdsforconsumption.Thisisanexampleofcompleteplanningofproduction，consumption，andexchangeforthewholeeconomy.Inatraditionalsociety，productionandconsumptionpatternsaregovernedbytradition；everyperson‘splacewithintheeconomicsystemisfixedbyparentage，religion，andcustom.Transactionstakeplaceonthebasisoftradition，too.Peoplebelongingtoacertaingrouporcastemayhaveanobligationtocareforotherpersons，providethemwithfoodandshelter，carefortheirhealth，andprovidefortheireducation.Clearly，inasystemwhereeverydecision第10页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解

21ismadeonthebasisoftraditionalone，progressmaybedifficulttoachieve.Astagnantsocietymayresult.1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage？A.Tooutlinecontrastingtypesofeconomicsystems.B.Toexplainthescienceofeconomics.C.Toargueforthesuperiorityofoneeconomicsystem.D.Tocomparebarterandmoney-exchangemarkets.2.Inthesecondparagraph，theword“real”in“realgoods”couldbestbereplacedby，A.highqualityB.concreteC.utterD.authentic.3.Accordingtothepassage，abartereconomycangenerate.A.rapidspeedoftransactions.B.misunderstandings.C.inflationD.difficultiesforthetraders.4.Accordingtothepassage，whohasthegreatestdegreeofcontrolintheadministeredsystem？A.IndividualhouseholdsB.Smallbusinesses.C.Majorcorporations.D.Thegovernment.5.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedbytheauthorasacriterionfordeterminingaperson‘spositioninatraditionalsociety？A.FamilybackgroundB.AgeC.Religiousbeliefs.D.Custom8.2007年12月英语六级阅读专项训练（8）WesternairlinermanufacturersseemtobetrippingoverthemselvesintheireagernesstosigncollaborativeagreementswithAsianpartnersasalow-costroutetodevelopingnewairliners.TheirpotentialAsianpartnersseem

22tobetrippingoverthemselvestosignsuchagreements，asalow-costroutetoacquiringnewairlinertechnology.Iftheyarenotcarefulthetwosideswillenduptrippingovereachother：theonebysellingitsbirth-rightforshort-termgain，theotherbytryingtobreakintoamarketwhichisn‘tbigenoughtosustainit.Technologytransferworksinagrowingmarket，wheretheaspirationsofthenewentrantreceivingthattechnologycanbemetthroughexpansion.Theairlinermarketisnotsuchadevice.Eventhemostoptimisticprojectionsofairlinersalesforthenext20yearsshowthatairlinermanufacturecanonlybeprofitableifasmallnumberofaircraftbuilderssharetheavailablesales.Itfollowsthatifnewmanufacturerscomeintothemarketandtakesales，theirsalesmustcomefromsubstitution，notexpansion.Giventhecomplexityoftoday‘sairliners，itisunlikelythatanynewentrantwillhaveboththefinancialandtechnicalresourcestocomeintothemarketwithouttheinvolvementofanestablishedmanufacturer.Intheshortterm，suchinvolvementmaynotbetotheexclusivebenefitofthenewentrant：mostoftheestablishedmanufacturersaresearchingforwaystoreducecostsofmanufacture.第11页共52页

23羽天全国英语六级阅读理解Intheshortterm，，itcanbeofbenefittoanestablishedWesternmanufacturertohaveeithercomponentsofcompleteair–framesmadeorassembledinlower-wageeconomicssuchaChina，TaiwanorKorea，whileretainingthedesign，developmentandmarketingofaircraftforitself.ItwouldbeaveryunwiseWesternmanufacturerwhichdidnotheedthefactthatthesedevelopingeconomiesareacquiringskills（likecomputing）atleastasquicklyastheyareacquiringskillsinmetallbashing.ThedangercomeswhenthenewentrantnolongerneedstheestablishedWesternpartnerbecauseithasacquiredthetechnicalandintellectualabilitytodesignandbuilditsownaircraft.AnAsianpartnermaywellfinditselfinthehappypositionofhavingthelow-costlabourbase，thehigh-costtechnologybaseandthevitalfinancialbasetobuildanewairliner.1.Theauthor‘sattitudetowardsWestern/easterncollaborationcanbedepictedas.A.positiveB.progressiveC.conservativeD.negative2.“Theairlinermarketisnotsuchadevice”meansthattheairlinermarket.A.doesnotencouragetechnologytransferB.istoolimitedtoofferchancesofsuccess

24C.requireshi-techratherthanunaccepteddevicesD.isfullofcompetitionsevenfornewentrants3.Establishedmanufacturerssearchforpartnersinorderto.A.savethecostoftheairframeB.improvesomeaircraftcomponentsC.savethecostoflabourD.developnewtechnology4.Accordingtotheauthor，awiseestablishedmanufacturershould.A.trytobenefitfrombothfinancialandtechnicalresourcesB.breakuphispartnershipwiththeEastonceprofitsaremadeC.keepatighttoldoverhi-techdevelopmentandmarketingofairlinersD.collaboratewithAsianpartnersforashorttime5.Theword“base”inthelastparagraphrepresents.A.aproductionplaceB.theinitialoperationofbuildingaircraftC.aresearchinstituteD.apositionwheretostartbuilding9.2008年6月英语六级阅读理解专项训练(1)Thereisevidencethattheusualvarietyofhighbloodpressureis,inpart,afamiliardisease.Sincefamilieshavesimilargenesaswellassimilarenvironments,familiardiseasescouldbeduetosharedgeneticinfluences,tosharedenvironmentalfactors,ortoboth.Forsomeyears,theroleofoneenvironmentalfactorcommonlysharedby第12页共52页羽天

25全国英语六级阅读理解families,namelydietarysalt(i.e.,sodiumchloride),hasbeenstudiedatBrookhavenNationalLaboratory.Thesestudiessuggestthatchromicexcesssaltingestioncanleadtohighbloodpressureinmanandanimals.Someindividuals,however,andsomeratsconsumelargeamountsofsaltwithoutdevelopinghighbloodpressure.Nomatterhowstrictlyallenvironmentalfactorswerecontrolledintheseexperiments,somesalt-fedanimalsneverdevelopedhypertensionwhereasafewrapidlydevelopedveryseverehypertensionfollowedbyearlydeath.Thesemarkedvariationswereinterpretedtoresultfromdifferencesingeneticconstitution.Bymatingissuccessivegenerationsonlythoseanimalsthatfailedtodevelophypertensionfromsaltingestion,aresistantstrain(the"R"Strain)hasbeenevolvedinwhichconsumptionoflargequantitiesofsaltfailstoinfluencethebloodpressuresignificantly.Incontrast,bymatingonlyanimalsthatquicklydevelophypertensionfromsalt,asensitivestrain("S"strain)hasalsobeendeveloped.Theavailabilityofthesetowstrainspermitsinvestgationsnotheretoforepossible.Theyprovideaplausiblelaboratorymodelonwhichtoinvestigatesomeclinicalaspectsofthe

26humanprototypesofhypertension.Moreimportant,theremightbethepossibilityofdevelopingmethodsbywhichgeneticsusceptibilityofhumanbeingstohighbloodpressurecanbedefinedwithoutwaitingforitsappearance.Radioactivesodium22wasanimportant"tool"inworkingoutthecharacteristicsofthesodiumchloridemetabolism.1.Thestudyoftheeffectsofsaltonhighbloodpressurewascarriedout.A.asmembersofthesamefamilytendtousesimilaramountsofsaltB.toexplorethelong-termuseofasodiumbasedsubstanceC.becauseitwasproventhatsaltcausedhighbloodpressureD.becauseoftheavailabilityofchemicallypuresaltanditsderivatives2.Themaindifferencebetween"S"and"R"ratsistheir.A.needforsodium22B.rateofmatingC.reactiontosaltD.typeofblood3.Wecaninferfromthearticlethatsodium22candeusedto.A.controlhighbloodpressureB.curehighbloodpressurecausedbysaltC.tellthe"S"ratsfromthe"R"ratsD.determinewhatasodiumchloridemetabolismislike4.Themostbeneficialresultsoftheresearchmightbe.A.developmentofdietsfreeofsaltB.anearlycureforhighbloodpressureC.controlofgeneticagentsthatcausehighbloodpressure第13页共52页

27羽天全国英语六级阅读理解D.theearlyidentificationofpotentialhighbloodpressurevictims5.Whichofthestatementsbestrelatesthemainideaofthisarticle?A.Whensaltisaddedratsandhumanbeingsreactsimilarly.B.Thenearfuturewillseeacureforhighbloodpressure.C.Themedicalfieldisdesperatelyinneedofresearch.D.Atendencytowardhighbloodpressuremaybeahereditaryfactor.10.2008年6月英语六级阅读理解专项训练(2)TheColonelaskAshendenagoodmanyquestionsandthensuggestedthathehadparticularqualificationsfortheSecretService.AshendenknewseveralEuropeanlanguagesandthefactthathewasawriterprovidedexcellentcover:onthepretextthathewaswritingabookhecould,withoutattractingattention,visitanyneutralcountry.ItwaswhiletheywerediscussingthispointthattheColonelsaid,"Youknowyoumightgetmaterialthatwouldbeveryusefultoyouinyourwork.I'lltellyouanincidentthatoccurredonlyrecently.Verydramatic.AforeigngovernmentministerwentdowntoaMediterraneanresorttofecoverfromacoldandhehadsomeveryimportantdocumentswithhimthathekeptinadespatchcase."Adayortwoafterhearrived,hepickedupa

28blondeatsomerestaurantorother,andhegotveryfriendlywithher.Hetookherbacktohishotel,andwhenhecametohimselfinthemorningtheladyandthedespatch-casehaddisappeared.Theyhadoneortwodrinksupinhisroomandhistheoryisthatwhenhisbackwasturnedthewomanslippedadruginhisglass.""Doyoumeantosaythathappenedtheotherday?"saidAshendenwearily."Theweekbeforelast.""Impossible,"criedAshenden."Why,we'vebeenputtingthatincidentonthestageforsixtyyears,we'vewrittenitinathousandnovels.Doyoumeantosaythatlifehasonlyjustcaughtupwithus?""Well,Icanvouchforthetruthofthestory."saidtheColonel,"Andbelieveme,thegovernmentconcernedhasbeenputtonoendoftroublebythelossofthedocuments.""Wellsir,ifyoucan'tdobetterthanthatintheSecretService,"sighedAshenden,"thatI'mafraidthatasasourceofinspirationtothewriteroffiction,it'swashout."1.HowdidtheColonelsuggestthatAshenden'sbeingawriterwouldrelatetohisworkasaspy?A.Itwouldmaketravellingabroadmorepossible.B.Itwouldmakeiteasierforhimtomeetpeople.C.Itwouldenablehimtoavoidarousingsuspicion.D.Itwouldenablehimtousethelanguagesheknew.2.ThereasonfortheMinister'stripwas.

29A.tofetchsomedocuments第14页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解B.togetoveranillnessC.tomeetaspyD.todeliversomepapers3.AccordingtotheColoneltheincidenthappened.A.afewdaysbeforeB.afewweeksbeforeC.twoweeksbeforeD.sixtyyearsbefore4.Ashendencried'Impossible'afterhearingtheColonel'sstorybecausehethought.A.itcouldnotpossiblyhappenB.itwastooembarrassingC.itwastooclosetofictionD.itwastoorecent5.Theeffectofthelossofdocumentsontheforeigngovernmentwasthat.A.itputanendtoonesourceoftroubleB.itcausedthemalotofinconvenienceC.theymerelydeniedithadhappenedD.theyrefusedtobelieveit11.2008年6月英语六级阅读理解专项训练(3)"Cultureshock"occursasresultoftotalimmersioninanewculture.Ithappensto"peoplewhohavebeensuddenlytransplantedabroad."Newcomersmaybeanxiousbecausetheydonotspeakthelanguage,knowthecustoms,orunderstandpeople'sbehaviorindailylife.Thevisitorfindsthat"yes"maynotalwaysmean"yes",thatfriendlinessdoesnotnecessarilymeanfriendship,orthatstatementsthat

30appeartobeseriousarereallyintendedasjokes.Theforeignermaybeunsureastowhentoshakehands,whentostartconversations,orhowtoapproachastranger.Thenotionof"cultureshock"helpsexplainfeelingsofbewildermentanddisorientation.Languageproblemsdonotaccountforallthefrustrationsthatpeoplefeel.Whenoneisdeprivedofeverythingthatwasoncefamiliar,suchasunderstandingatransportationsystem,knowinghowtoregisterforuniversityclasses,orknowinghowtomakefriends,difficultiesincopingwhththenewsocietymayarise."……whenanindividualentersastrangeculture,heorsheislikefishoutofwater."Newcomersfeelattimesthattheydonotbelongtoandfeelalienatedfromthenativemembersoftheculture.Whenthishappensvisitorsmaywanttorejecteverythingaboutthenewenvironmentandmayglorifyandexaggeratethepositiveaspectsoftheirownculture.Converselyvisitorsmayscorntheirnativecountrybyrejectingitsvaluesandinsteadchoosingtoidentifywith(ifonlytemporatily)thevalueofthenewcountry.Thismayoccurasan第15页共52页羽天

31全国英语六级阅读理解attempttoover-identifywiththenewcultureinordertobeacceptedbythepeopleinit.1.Theexpression"heorsheislikefishoutofwater"suggests.A.peopleawayfromtheirculturescanhardlysurviveinanewcultureB.afishcannotsurvivewithoutwaterC.peopleawayfromtheircultureexperiencementalisolationD.peopleawayfromtheirculturehavedifficultiesinnewenvironment2.Inordertoidentifywiththenewenvironment,somepeoplemay.A.giveanexaggeratedpictureoftheirowncountryB.criticizethepositiveaspectsoftheirowncountyC.abandontheiroriginalbeliefsD.acceptatemporarysetofvalues3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtotheauthor?A.Perplexityresultsincultureshock.B.Atypicalsymptomofculturshockisconfusion.C.Cultureshockistheexplanationofanxiety.D.Cultureshockhappenstoforeignstudentsonly.4.Newcomermayworryabout.A.theirignoranceofthealiencustomsB.theirknowledgeof"Yes"inthenativelanguageC.theirunderstandingoffriendshipD.theircontroloftheirbehavior5.Whentheforeignvisitorisimmersedinnewproblemshefindshardtocopewhith,heismostlikelytofeel.A.uninsuredB.deprivedC.alienatedD.baffled12.2008年12

32月英语六级阅读理解练习(1)TheorangetowersoftheGoldenGateBridge--probablythemostbeautiful,certainlythemostphotographedbridgeintheworld--arevisiblefromalmosteverypointofelevationinSanFrancisco.TheonlycrackinNorthernCalifornia's600-milecontinentalwall,foryearsthismile-widestraitwasconsideredunbridgeable.Asmuchanarchitecturalasanengineeringfeat,theGoldenGatetookonly52monthstodesignandbuild,andwasopenedin1937.DesignedbyJosephStrauss,itwasthefirstreallymassivesuspensionbridge,withaspanof4,200ft,anduntil1959rankedastheworld'slongest.ItconnectsthecityatitsnorthwesterlypointonthepeninsulatoMarinCountyandNorthernCalifornia,renderingthehithertoessentialferrycrossingredundant,andwasdesignedtowithstandwindsofuptoahundredmilesanhourandtoswingasmuchas27ft.Handsomeonaclearday,thebridgetakesonaneerie(神秘的)qualitywhenthethickwhitefogspourinandhideitalmostcompletely.Youcaneitherdriveorwalkacross.Thedriveisthemorethrillingofthetwooptionsasyouraceunderthebridge'stowers,butthehalf-hourwalkacrossitreallygivesyoutimetotakeinitsenormous第16页共52页

33羽天全国英语六级阅读理解sizeandabsorbtheviewsofthecitybehindyouandtheheadlandsofNorthernCaliforniastraightahead.Pauseatthemidwaypointandconsiderthesevenorsosuicidesamonthwhochoosethisspot,260ftup,astheirjumping-offspot.Monitorsofsucheventsspeculatethatvictimsalwaysfacethecitybeforetheyleap.In1995,whenthesuicidetollfromthebridgehadreachedalmost1,000,policekeptthefiguresquiettoavoidarushofwould-besuicidesgoingforthedubiousdistinctionofbeingthethousandthpersontoleap.PerhapsthebestlovedsymbolofSanFrancisco,in1987theGoldenGateprovedanauspiciousplace(风水宝地)forasunrisepartywhencrowdsgatheredtocelebrateitsfiftiethanniversary.Somequarterofamillionpeopleturnedup(athirdofthecity'sentirepopulation);thewindswerestrongandhugenumberscausedthebridgetobuckle(使弯曲),butfortunatelynottobreak.1.WhatisTUREoftheGoldenGateBridge?A.Itiscertainlytheworld'smostbeautifulbridge.B.ItisfarfromSanFrancisco.C.Itisafeatneitherarchitecturallynorengineeringlybefore1960.D.Itwastheworldlongestbridge.2.Whatdoyouknowfurtheraboutthe

34GoldenGateBridge?A.Itisoverastraitwherenobridgecouldhavebeenbuiltbeforethe1930s.B.ItisthefirstmassivebridgedesignedbyJosephStrauss.C.Itappearswhileinthethickwhitefogs.D.ItconnectsMarinCountrywithNorthernCalifornia.3.Ofthetwoexercises,thedriveoverthebridgeismore.A.interestingB.fascinatingC.invitingD.exciting4.Thosewhoattempttosuicideoftenjumpfromthemidwaypointofthebridgeprobablybecause.A.theywanttodiequietlyB.theywanttodiequicklyC.theywanttotakeaglanceatthebridge'stowersD.theywanttotakeaglanceatSanFrancisco5.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheWorld'sMostBeautifulBridgeB.TheWorld'sMostPhotographedBridgeC.TheWorld'sFirstSuspensionBridgeD.TheGoldenGateBridge13.2008年12月英语六级阅读理解练习(2)Anakedmoleratcolony,likeabeehive,wasp’snest,ortermitemound(防蚁丘),isruledbyitsqueen,orreproducingfemale.Otheradultfemalemoleratsneitherovulate(排卵)norbreed.Thequeenofthelargestmemberofthecolony,andshemaintainsherbreeding第17页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解

35statusthroughamixtureofbehavioraland,presumably,chemicalcontrol.Queenshavebeenlong-livedincaptivity,andwhentheydieorareremovedfromacolonyoneseesviolentfightingforbreedingstatusamongthelargerremainingfemales,leadingtoatakeoverbyanewqueen.Eusocial(群居的)insectsocietieshaverigidcaste(等级的)systems,eachinsect’srolebeingdefinedbyitsbehavior,bodyshape,andphysiology.Innakedmoleratsocieties,ontheotherhand,differencesinbehaviorarerelatedprimarilytoreproductivestatus(reproductionbeinglimitedtothequeenandafewmales),bodysize,andperhapsage.Smallernon-breedingmembers,bothmaleandfemale,seemtoparticipateprimarilyingatheringfood,transportingnestmaterial,andtunneling,Largernon-breedersareactiveindefendingthecolonyandperhapsinremovingdirtfromthetunnels.Oneworkhassuggestedthatdifferencesingrowthratesmayinfluencethelengthoftimethatanindividualperformsatask,regardlessofitsage.Cooperativebreedinghasevolvedmanytimesinvertebrates(脊椎动物),butunlikenakedmolerats,mostcooperativelybreedingvertebrates(exceptthewilddog,Lycaonpictus)aredominatedbyapairofbreedersratherthanbyasingle

36breedingfemale.Thedivisionoflaborwithinsocialgroupsislesspronouncedamongothervertebratesthanamongnakedmolerats,colonysizeismuchsmaller,andmatingbysubordinatefemalesmaynotbetotallysuppressed,whereasinnakedmoleratcoloniessubordinatefemalesarenotsexuallyactive,andmanyneverbreed.1.Whichofthefollowingmostaccuratelystatesthemainideaofthepassage?A.Nakedmoleratcoloniesexhibitsocialorganizationbasedonarigidcastesystem.B.Behaviorinnakedmoleratcoloniesmaywellbeaclosevertebrateanaloguetobehaviorineusocialinsectsocieties.C.Thematinghabitsofnakedmoleratsdifferfromthoseofanyothervertebratespecies.D.Nakedmoleratcoloniesaretheonlyknownexamplesofcooperativelybreedingvertebratesocieties.2.Accordingtothepassage,thefollowingexplanatoryvariablesaccountsfornakedmoleratbehaviorEXCEPTA.ageB.sizeC.growthrateD.reproductivestatus3.Inwhichofthefollowingwaysdoestheperformanceoftasksinnakedmoleratcoloniesdifferfromtaskperformanceineusocialinsectsocieties?A.Innakedmoleratcolonies,alltasksareperformedcooperatively.B.Ineusocialinsectsocieties,reproductionislimitedtoasingle

37第18页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解female.C.Innakedmoleratcolonies,breedingislimitedtothelargestanimals.D.Innakedmoleratcolonies,theperformanceoftasksislessrigidlydeterminedbybodyshape.4.Whichofthefollowingisasuppositionratherthanafactconcerningthequeeninanakedmoleratcolony?A.Sheexertschemicalcontroloverthecolony.B.Sheisthelargestmemberofthecolony.C.Shemateswithmorethanonemale.D.Sheistheonlybreedingfemale.5.WhatcanyouinferfromthepassageaboutbreedingamongLyeaonpictus?A.Anindividual’sabilitytobreedisrelatedprimarilytoitsrateofgrowth.B.Breedingistheonlytaskperformedbythebreedingfemale.C.Breedinginthesocialgroupisnotcooperative.D.Breedingisnotdominatedbyasinglepairofdogs14.2008年12月英语六级阅读理解练习(3)Childrenaregettingsofattheymaybethefirstgenerationtodiebeforetheirparents,anexpertclaimedyesterday.Today’syoungstersarealreadyfallingpreytopotentialkillerssuchasdiabetes(糖尿病)becauseoftheirweight.Fattyfast-fooddietscombinedwithsedentary(长坐的)lifestylesdominated

38bytelevisionsandcomputerscouldmeankidswilldietragicallyyoung,saysProfessorAndrewPrentice,fromtheLondonSchoolofHygieneandTropicalMedicine.Atthesametime,theshapeofthehumanbodyisgoingthroughahugeevolutionaryshiftbecauseadultsaregettingsofat.HereinBritain,latestresearchshowsthattheaveragewaistsizeforamanis36-38in,andmaybe42-44,by2032.Thiscompareswithonly32.6in.in1972.Women’swaistshavegrownfromanaverageof22in.in1920to24in.intheFiftiesand30in.now.Oneofthemajorreasonswhychildrennowareatgreaterriskisthatwearegettingfatteryounger.IntheUKalone,morethanonemillionunder-16sareclassedasoverweightorobese(过度肥胖的)—doublethenumberinthemidEighties.Oneintenfour-year-oldsarealsomedicallyclassifiedasobese.Theobesity(肥胖症)pandemic（流行病）—anextensiveepidemic—whichstartedintheUS,hasnowspreadtoEurope,Australasia,CentralAmericaandtheMiddleEast.Manynationsnowrecordmorethan20percentoftheirpopulationasclinicallyobeseandwelloverhalfthepopulationasoverweight.第19页共52页羽天

39全国英语六级阅读理解Prof.Prenticesaidthechangeinourshapehasbeencausedbyanoversupplyofeasilyavailablehigh-energyfoodscombinedwithadramaticdropintheenergyweuseasaresultoftechnologydevelopments.Heisnotaloneinhisconcern.Onlylastweekonemedicaljournalrevealedhowobesitywasfuellingariseincancercases.Obesityalsoincreasestheriskfactorforstrokesandheartdiseaseaswellasdiabetes.Anaveragelyobeseperson’slifespanisshortenedbyaroundnineyearswhileaseverelyobesepersonbymanymore.Prof.Prenticesaid:”Sowillparentsoutlivetheirchildren,asclaimedrecentlybyanAmericanobesityspecialist?Theanswerisyesandno.Yes,whentheoffspringbecomegrosslyobese.ThisisnowbecominganalarminglycommonoccurrenceintheUS.Suchchildrenandadolescentshaveagreatlyreducedqualityoflifeintermsofboththeirphysicalandpsychosocialhealth.”Sosay”No”tothatdoughnutandburger.1.Prof.AndrewPrenticesaidthatthelifeofanextremelyfatchildA.mightbeshorterB.mightbelongerC.shorterthanhisfather,butlongerthanhismotherD.mightbelongerthanhisfather,butshorterthanhismother2.Theword“prey”(Line3,Para.1)meansA.victimB.vitaminC.

40foodD.fool3.Whichofthefollowingfailstorefertoanobesechild?A.Anextremelyweightychild.B.Anextremelyfatchild.C.Anextremelyfattychild.D.Anoverweightchild.4.Accordingtothepassage,obesityisanextensiveepidemicstartinginA.AsiaB.NorthAmericaC.EuropeD.CentralAmerica5.WhichofthefollowingdiseaseisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.pneumoniaB.diabetesC.heartdiseaseD.stroke15.2008年12月英语六级阅读理解练习(1)Proxemics(空间关系学)isthestudyofwhatgovernshowcloselyonepersonstandstoanother.Peoplewhofeelclosewillbeclose,thoughtheactualdistanceswillvarybetweencultures.ForAmreicanswecandiscernfourmaincategoriesofdistance:intimate,personal,socialandpublic.Intimaterangesfromdirectcontacttoabout45centimeters.Thisisfortheclosestrelationshipssuchasthosebetweenhusbandandwife.Beyondthiscomespersonaldistance.Thisstandsatbetween45and80centimeters.Itisthemostusualdistancemaintainedforconversationsbetweenfriendsandrelatives.Socialdistancecoverspeoplewhoworktogetheroraremeetingatsocialgatherings.Distancesheretendtobekeptbetween1.30to2第20页共52页

41羽天全国英语六级阅读理解meters.Beyondthiscomespublicdistance,suchasthatbetweenalecturerandhisaudience.Allculturesdrawlinesbetweenwhatisanappropriateandwhatisaninappropriatesocialdistancefordifferenttypesofrelationship.Theydiffer,however,inwheretheydrawtheselines.LookataninternationalreceptionwithrepresentativesfromtheUSandArabiccountriesconversingandyouwillseetheAmericanspirouetting(快速旋转)backwardsaroundthehallpursuedbytheirArabpartners.TheAmericanswillbetryingtokeepthedistancebetweenthemselvesandtheirpartnerswhichtheyhavegrownusedtoregardingas“normal”.Theyprobablywillnotevennoticethemselvestryingtoadjustthedistancebetweenthemselvesandtheirpartners,thoughtheymayhavevaguefeelingthattheirArabneighborsarebeingabit“pushy”.TheArab,ontheotherhand,comingfromaculturewheremuchcloserdistanceisthenorm,maybefeelingthattheAmericansarebeing“stand-offish”.FindingthemselveshappierstandingclosetoandeventouchingthosetheyareinconversationwiththeywillpersistentlypursuetheAmericansroundtheroomtryingtoclosethedistancebetweenthem.

42Theappropriatenessofphysicalcontactvariesbetweendifferentculturestoo.Onestudyofthenumberoftimespeopleconversingincoffeeshopsoveraonehourperiodshowedthefollowinginterestingvariations:London,0;Florida,2;Paris,10;andPuertoRico180.Notonlydoseitvarybetweensocieties,however,italsovariesbetweendifferentsubcultureswithinonesociety.YoungpeopleinBritain,forexample,aremorelikelytotouchandhugfriendsthanaretheoldergeneration.Thismaybepartlyamatterofgrowingolder,butitalsoreflectsthefactthattheoldergenerationgrewupatatimewhentouchingwaslesscommonforallagegroups.Fortyyearsago,forexample,footballerswouldneverhugandkissoneanotheronthefieldafteragoalastheydotoday.1.Inproxemics,governsthestandingspacebetweentwopersons.A.distanceB.cultureC.conversationD.relationship2.Theword“stand-offish”(Line14,Para.2)couldbestbereplacedby.A.coldanddistantinbehaviourB.ungentlemanlikeinbehaviourC.inhumaninbehaviourD.politeinbehaviour3.InconversationwithanAmericanpartnerataninternationalreception,anArabdeemsthatclosedistantis.A.appropriateB.inappropriateC.rashD.impetuous4.Wecaninferfromthethirdparagraghthatthe

43appropriatenessofphysicalcontactalsovarieswith.A.timeB.cityC.countryD.people5.Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe.第21页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解A.ProxemicsB.AppropriatenessofSocialDistanceC.AppropriatenessRelationshipsBetweenTwoPersonsD.AppropriatenessPhysicalContactBetweenTwoPersons16.2008年12月英语六级阅读理解练习(2)InthepastcenturyIrishpaintinghaschangesfromaBritish-influencedlyricaltraditiontoanartthatevokestheruggednessandrootsofanIrishCelticpast.AttheturnofthetwentiethcenturyIrishpainters,includingnotablesWalterFrederickOsborneandSirWilliamOrpen,lookedelsewhereforinfluence.Osborne’sexposureto“pleinair”paintingdeeplyimpactedhisstylisticdevelopment;andOrpenalliedhimselfwithagroupofEnglishartists,whileatthesametimeparticipatedintheFrenchavant-gardeexperiment,bothaspainterandteacher.However,nationalistenergieswerebeginningtocoalesce(接合)，revivinginterestinIrishculture-includingIrishvisualarts.BeatriceElvery’s(1907),alandmarkachievement,

44mergedthedevotionalsimplicityoffifteenth-centuryItalianpaintingwiththeiconography(肖像画法)ofIreland’sCelticpast,linkingthehistoryofIrishCatholicismwiththestill-nascet(初生的)Irishrepublic.And,althoughalsocaptivatedbytheFrenchpleinairschool,SirJohnLaveryinvokedthemythologyofhisnativelandfora1928commissiontopaintthecentralfigureforthebanknoteofthenewIrishFreeState.Laverychoseasthisfigure,withherarmonaCelticharp(竖琴)，thenationalsymbolofindependentIreland.InIrishpaintingfromabout1910,memoriesofEdwardianromanticismcoexistedwithanewsenseofrealism,exemplifiedbythepaintingsofPaulHenryandSeKeating,astudentofOrpen’s.realismalsocreptintotheworkofEdwardiansLaveryandOrpen,bothofwhommadepaintingsdepictingWorldWarⅠ,LaverywithadistancedVictoriannobility,Orpenclosertothefront,revealingamoresinisterandrealisticvision.Meanwhile,counterpointtotheEdwardiansandrealistscameJackB.Yeats,whosetravelsthroughouttheruggedandmoreauthenticallyIrishWestledhimtodepictsubjectsrangingfromstreetscenesinDublintoboxingmatchesandfunerals.FusingcloseobservationsofIrishlifeandiconswithanIrish

45identityinanewway,YeatschangedthefaceofIrishpaintingandbecamethemostimportantIrishartistofhiscentury.1.WhichofthefollowingartmostprobablyexertedthegreatestinfluenceonIrishpaintinginthe19thcentury?A.BritishlyricaltraditionB.Frenchavant-gardeexperimentC.notionalistenergiesD.Italianpainting2.ItisimpliedwasleastinfluencedbythecontemporaryartofFrence.第22页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解A.SirJohnLaveryB.SirWilliamOrpenC.BeatriceElveryD.SeKeating3.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheauthor’suseoftheword“counterpoint”inreferringtoYeats?A.Yeats’paintingsdifferedsignificantlyinsubjectmatterfromthoseofhiscontemporariesinIreland.B.Yeatsreactedtotherealismofhiscontemporaryartistsbyinvokingnineteenth-centurynaturalisminhisownpaintingstyle.C.YeatsavoidedreligiousandmythologicalthemesinfavorofmundaneportrayalsofIrishlife.D.Yeatsbuiltupontherealismpaintingtradition,elevatingittounprecedentedartisticheights.4.Theauthorpointsoutthecoexistenceofromanticismandrealismmostprobablyinordertoshowthat.

46A.IrishpaintersoftheearlytwentiethcenturytendedtoromanticizetheharshrealityofwarB.foratimepaintersfromeachschoolinfluencedpaintersfromtheotherschoolC.YeatswasinfluencedbyboththeromanticandrealistschoolsofIrishpaintingD.thetransitioninIrishpaintingfromonepredominantstyletotheotherwasnotanabruptone5.Themostlikelytopicoftheparagraphfollowedis.A.TheRoleofCelticMythologyinIrishPaintingB.WhoDeservesCreditforthePreeminenceofYeatsamongIrishPainters?C.Realismvs.Romanticism:Ireland’sStruggleforNationalIdentityD.IrishPaintings:ReflectionsofanEmergingIndependentState17.2008年12月英语六级阅读理解练习(3)ThemodenworldonlyrecentlyreachedtheYanomano,anativepeopleoftheAmazonbasin.Shelteredbythickrainforest,theYanomanolivedaself-containedexistenceuntilgoldwasdiscoveredintheirjunglehomeland.Minersflockedintotheforests,cuttingdowntreesandbringingdiseaseandshotthoseYanomanowhowouldnotgetoutoftheway.Injustsevenyearsfromtheearly1980s,thepopulationfell20percent.HandsAroundtheWorld,anativeAmericanculturalassociation,saystheYanomanoarebelievedtobethemostculturallyintactpeopleintheworld.Theywearloincloths,usefiresticksand

47decoratetheirbodieswithdyefromaredberry(桨果).Theydon’tusethewheelandtheonlymetaltheyuseiswhathasbeentradedtothembyoutsiders.WhenaYanomanodies,thebodyisburnedandtheremainingbonescrushedintoapowderandturnedintoadrinkthatis第23页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解laterconsumedbymournersinmemoryofthedead.AHandsAroundtheWorldreportsaysthatinSouthAmericanotonlyaretheculturesandtraditionsindangerofdisappearing,butsometribesareindangerofextinction.“TheYanomanoisawell-knowntribethatisrapidlylosingitsmembersthroughthedestructionofWesterndisease,”thereportsays.Beforeillegalgoldminersenteredtheirrainforest,theYanomanowereisolatedfrommodernsociaty.TheyoccupydensejunglenorthoftheAmazonRiverbetweenVenezuelaandBrazilandarecataloguedbyanthropologists(人类学家)asneo-indianswithculturalcharacteristicsthatdatebackmorethan8,000years.Eachcommunitylivesinacircularcommunalhouse,someofwhichsleepupto400,builtaroundacentralsquare.Thoughmany

48Yanomanomenaremonogamous,itisnotunusualforthemtohavetwoormorewives.AnthropologistsfromtheUniversityofWisconsinsaypolygamyisawaytoincreaseone’swealthbecausehavingalargefamilyincreaseshelpwithhuntingandcultivatingtheland.Thesemarriagesresultinashortageofwomenforothermentomarry,whichhasledtointer-tribalwars.EachYanomanomanisresponsibleforclearinghislandforgardening,usingslash-and-humfarmingmethods.Theygrowplantains,atypeofbananaeatencooked,andhuntgameanimals,fishandanaconda(南美热带蟒蛇)usingbowsandarrows.1.MinersflockedintotheforestandshotthoseYanomanowho.A.shelteredinthickrainforestB.wouldnotleavetheirjunglehomelandC.livedaself-containedexistenceD.wouldstandintheirway2.TheorganizationcalledHandsAroundtheWorldbelievesthatculturally,theYanomanoistheworld’s.A.mostprimitivepeopleB.mostbackwardpeopleC.mostadvancedpeopleD.oldestpeople3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtoanAmericanculturalassociationreport?A.InSouthAmerica,theculturesareonthevergeofextinction.B.InSouthAmerica,thetraditionsareonthevergeofextinction.C.InSouthAmerica,theYanomanocansurviveextinction.D.In

49SouthAmerica,sometribesareonthevergeofextinction.4.causedtheYanomanotohaveinter-tribalwars.A.TheshortageofwomenresultingfrompolygamyB.ThedifferenceinwealthresultingfrompolygamyC.TheshortageofwomenresultingfrommonogamyD.Thedifferenceinwealthresultingfrommonogamy5.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatitisimperativeforusto第24页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解protecttheYanomanobecause.A.itisaclturallymostintactpeopleB.itisaprimitivepeopledeepinjungleC.itisanativepeopleoftheAmazonbasinD.itisprimitivepeopleindangerofdisappearing18.2008年12月英语六级阅读理解练习(4)Sinceitsfoundationin1954,theUnitedNationshaswrittenintoitsmajorcovenants(契约)theneedtoestablishminimumagesformarriage.Butthecustomofmarriageisahighlysensitiveculturalissue,mainlybecauseitissounpleasantlyinvolvedwithwomen’srightsandsocietaltraditionsandpractices,andrulesonmarriagevarywidelybetweencountries.Somecountries,particularlyinWestAfrica,stilldonothavealegalminimumageformarriage.In

50theWest,a13-year-oldisstillconsideredachild.Evengettingmarriedinone’slateteensisnotusuallyencouragedbecausemarriedlifeislikelytointerferewithayoungwoman’seducationandconsequentlyrestrictopportunitiesinlaterlife.Andtherearealsophysicaldangersingivingbirthsoyoung.TheWorldHealthOrganizationhasoverthepasttenyearsidentifiedearlychildbirthasamajorcauseoffemalemortalityinmanycountries.UnderIslamicreligiouslaw,theageofconsentforsexandmarriageispuberty,whichMuslimssayisinharmonywiththebiologicaltransitionfromchildhoodintoadulthood.InMuslimcountriessuchasSaudiArabia,IranandPakistan,theageofpubertyataround13or14isthelegalageformarriage,butinTurkeyitis15,andinEgyptandTunisia,18thesameminimumageasinmanyWesterncountries.Itisarguedthatbyallowingearliermarriages,Islamiclawispromotingstablerelationships,whileWesternlawsareencouragingpromiscuityamongyoungpeople.Inmanycountries,thetrendsofurbanizationandeducationforgirlshaveseenadropinthenumberofchildbrides.However,earlymarriagescontinuetooccurinpoorruralareas,wheresocietyworksverymuchonpersonalarrangementbetweenfamilies,villagesandcommunities.Anditdoesn’tonly

51happenincountrieswhichdon’thavealegalminimumage.InIndia,forexample,thelegalageofmarriageforagirlis18andtoaboy,21.Yet,accordingtogovernmentstatistics,18percentoftentofourteen-yearoldgirlsinthepoor,ruralstateofRajasthaninthenorthwestofthecountryaremarried.Thereareobvioussocialandeconomicaladvantagesfordoingthis:bymarryingofftheirdaughtersearly,familiesnolongerhavetoprovideforthem;andtheyoungerthebridethesmallerthedowry(嫁妆),orweddingprice,demandedbythegroom’sfamily.Itisclear,then,thatchildmarriagesareconnectedwithpoverty,lackofeducationandruralcustomssuchasdowries;theredon’ttend第25页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解tobeanychildmarriagesinurbanorrichareas.So,unlesstheserealcausesareaddressed,itwillbeextremelyhardtoenforcechange,evenwhenchangeisdictatedbyacountry’sgoverningbody.(451words)1.Whatisthetopicofthispassage?A.Childbrides.B.Earlymarriages.C.Minimumageformarriage.D.Differentattitudestowardsearlymarriages.2.Theword“promiscuity”(Line9,Para.3)

52means__.A.unstablepartnershipB.firmpartnershipC.diverserelationshipD.singlerelationship3.islikelytomarrylate.A.WomenfromlesseducatedbackgroundB.WomenfromruralareasC.WomenfromIslamiccountriesD.Womenfromcities4.ChildmarriagesareNOTrelatedtoaccordingtothepassage.A.socialpositionB.ruralcustomsC.personalarrangementsD.religion5.Accordingtothepassage,gettingmarriedearlydoesallofthefollowingEXCEPT.A.reducingayoungwoman’seducationB.limitingayoungwoman’schancesC.causinginfantdeathD.doingharmtoayoungwoman’shealth19.2008年12月英语六级阅读理解练习(5)Asyouallknow,theUnitedStatesisacountryonwheels.Nearlyeightmillionnewcarsaremadeeachyear;fourhouseholdsoutoffiveownatleastonecar,andmorethanaquarterhavetwoeach.Yetyou’llbesurprisedtolearnthatsomeofthecar-ownersevensufferfrommalnutrition（营养不良）.In1968,anation-widesurveyofmalnutritionwasmadeforthefirsttime.Itfoundthat10millionpeoplearesufferinginhealththroughinadequatefeeding;thecausesoftheirplight（困境）werevaried.Unemploymentoveralongperiodshouldbeconsideredasthemainfactor.Andunemployment,strangetosay,ninetimesoutoftenresults

53fromautomation,bothinindustrialandagriculturalareas.Forexample,intheruralSouthwhenacottonplantationsuddenlycutsitsforcefrom100peopletothree,theproblemtohelpthedisplacedarises.Soisthecasewithindustrialautomation.Infact,probably2millionjobsaremadeunnecessaryeachyearinthewholecountryasaresultoftheautomationprocess,thusmakingunemploymentachiefsocialconcern.Accordingtogovernmentstatistics,thenumber第26页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解ofpeopleunemployedwasover5percentfortheperiodfrom1958to1963.InJuly1981,itroseto7.8percent.Asamatteroffact,ithaslongbeenknownthatevenduringthemostprosperousperiodstherehavebeenpeoplewithoutenoughtoeat.SoIthinkthat’swhyPresidentKennedysaidinhisinaugurationspeechin1961,ifthegovernmentdidnothelpthepoor,itcouldnotsavetherich.In1966,theSocialSecurityAdministrationcalculatedthatafamilyoffourneededanincomeof$3,355ayeartobeabovethelineofpoverty.Andin1977,theaveragepovertylineofthecountry

54wasslightlymorethan$6,200annualincomeforanon-farmfamilyoffour.AccordingtotheSocialSecurityAct,familiesofthatsizebelowpovertylineareeligibletoreceivebenefitsfromthespecialwelfareprogram.Theaverageweeklypaymentofbenefitsnowisequivalentto36percentoftheworker’snormalwage.Andthenumberofpeoplewhoreceivegovernmentbenefitsisincreasing.In1973,socialinsurancepaymentsbygovernments,mainlytooldagepensionersandpeoplewhohadlosttheirjobsorwereoffworkthroughillness,amountedto$86,000million.Thosenotfullyqualifiedforinsurancepaymentsreceived$29,000millioninpublicaid.Butproblemsstillexist.Manypeoplearenotreachedbytheanti-povertyprogram,becauselocalauthoritiesandagenciesdonotwanttoplaytheirpartordonotgavetheresourcestodoso.Somepoorpeoplewillnotaccepthelpforvariousreasons.Ofcourse,therearesomemoreimportantfactorswhichlieinthestructureofthesociety,butIdon’tconsideritnecessarytodigintothemhere.Yetwewillperhapsagreethatsocialwelfareprogramshavesolvedtosomeextenttheproblemsoffeeding,clothingandhousingthosebelowthepovertyline.Onthewhole,itperhapsmightbesaidthatAmericanpeoplearelivinga

55betterlifethanpeopleinmostothercountries.1.TheUnitedStatesiscalledacountryonwheelsbecause.A.aboutone-fourthAmericansowntwocarsB.abitoveroneoutoffourhouseholdsaretheownersoftwocarsC.nearly8millionnewcarsdriveinthecountryeveryyearD.80%Americanshaveatleastonecar2.Accordingtoa1968survey,tenmillionAmericansfoundthemselvesinadifficulthealthsituationchieflydueto.A.inadequatefeedingB.malnutritionC.unemploymentD.automation3.Theauthoruse”thedisplaced”(Line9,Para.2)torefertothosewhoare.A.unemployedB.disabledC.sickD.poor4.Theword“eligible”(Line6,Para.3)issynonymouswith“”A.necessaryB.urgentC.neededD.worthy第27页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解5.Americansarelivingabetterlifethanthoseinmostofothercountriesbecause,tosomedegree,.A.manyAmericansreceivebenefitsfromthespecialwelfareprogramB.somepoorpeoplecanreceivehelpforsomereasonorotherC.thereistheanti-povertyprogramintheU.S.D.socialwelfareprogramshavesomemeasuresettledtheproblemsofthose

56belowthepovertyline.（20）2008年12月英语六级阅读理解练习(6)Inrecentyears,teachersofintroductorycoursesinAsianAmericanstudieshavebeenfacingadilemmanonexistentafewdecadesago,whenhardlyanytextsinthatfieldwereavailable.Today,excellentanthologies（文选）andotherintroductorytextsexist,andbooksonindividualAsianAmericansarepublishedalmostweekly.Evenprofessorswhoareexpertsinthefieldfinditdifficulttodecidewhichofthesetoassigntostudents;non-expertswhoteachinrelatedareasandarelookingforwritingsforandbyAsianAmericantoincludeinsurveycoursesareinanevenworseposition.Acomplicatingfactorhasbeenthecontinuinglackofspecializedone-volumereferenceworksonAsianAmericans,suchasbiographicaldictionariesordesktopencyclopedias.SuchworkswouldenablestudentstakingAsianAmericanstudiescourses(andprofessorsinrelatedfields)tolookupbasicinformationonAsianAmericanindividuals,institutions,history,andculturewithouthavingtowadethrough（费力的阅读冗长或艰深的材料）mountainsofprimarysourcematerial.Inaddition,givensuchworks.AsianAmericanstudiesprofessorsmightfeelmorefreetoincludemorechallengingAsianAmericanmaterialintheirintroductory

57readinglists,sincegoodreferenceworksallowstudentstoacquireontheirownthebackgroundinformationnecessarytointerpretdifficultorunfamiliarmaterial.1.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith.A.respondingtoacriticismB.describingacourseofstudyC.discussingaproblemD.evaluatingapastcourseofaction2.The“dilemma”(Line2,Para.1)canbestbecharacterizedasbeingcausedbythenecessitytomakeachoicewhenfacedwitha.A.lackofacceptablealternativesB.lackofstrictstandardsforevaluatingalternativesC.preponderanceofbadalternativesascomparedtogoodD.multitudeofdifferentalternatives3.Biographicaldictionariesanddesktopencyclopediasare第28页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解A.primarysourcematerialsB.introductorytextsC.excellentanthologiesD.referencematerials4.WhichofthefollowingisimpliedabouttheintroductorycoursesinAsianAmericanstudiesafewdecadesago?A.TherangeofdifferenttextbooksthatcouldbeassignedforsuchcourseswasextremelylimitedB.ThetextsassignedasreadingsinsuchcourseswereoftennotverychallengingforstudentsC.

58StudentsoftencomplainedaboutthetextsassignedtotheminsuchcoursesD.Suchcourseswereofferedonlyatschoolswhoselibrarieswererichinprimarysources5.Accordingtothepassage,theexistenceofgoodone-volumereferenceworksaboutAsianAmericanscouldresultin.A.increasedagreementamongprofessorsofAsianAmericanstudiesregardingthequalityofthesourcesavailableintheirfieldB.anincreaseinthenumberofstudentssighingupforintroductorycoursesinAsianAmericanstudiesC.increasedaccuracyinwritingsthatconcernAsianAmericanhistoryandcultureD.theinclusionofawiderrangeofAsianAmericanmaterialinintroductoryreadinglistsinAsianAmericanstudies（21）2008年12月英语六级阅读理解练习(6)AscientificpanelconvenedbytheWorldHealthOrganizationrecommendedguidelinesonFridayfordoctorsconductingclinicalstudiesofSARSpatients.Thepanelurgeddoctorstoapplytheguidelinesinanalyzingthemassesofpotentiallyusefulinformationaboutvarioustherapiesthatwerecollectedinthisyear’sepidemic.Muchofthatinformationhasnotbeenpublishedoranalyzed.“Itisamatterofurgencytogetbetteranalysisandreview,”saidDr.SimonMardel,aWHOofficialwholedthetwo-daymeetingthatendedon

59Friday.HesaidthousandsofpotentialtherapiesandcompoundshadbeentestedsofarasresearcherstrytodeterminetreatmentsforSARS,orsevereacuterespiratorysyndrome.“WerecognizethathavingnotreatmentforSARSishinderingourabilitytocontrolanepidemicinsomanyways.”Hesaid.Intheepidemicearlierthisyear,varioustreatments,likedrugstofightthevirusorstrengthentheimmunesystem,aswellastraditionalChinesemedicine,weredeliveredunderemergencyconditions,inwidelydifferentsettingsandcountriestopatientssufferingfromvaryingstagesoftheillness.Thoseconditions—generallywithoutstandardizedmeasurementsorcontrolledsituations—havemadeithardtointerpretresults.Standardsupportivetherapylikenursing,andinseverecasesthe第29页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解useofmechanicalrespirators（呼吸器）tohelppatientsbreathe,isthemainstay（主要支持）ofSARScare,andhelpedmanypatientssurvive.ButdoctorsstilldonotknowhowbesttotreatSARSpatientswhohavebreathingdifficulties.Dr.Mardelsaid.Onemethodisinvasive

60ventilation.Asecondmethodinvolvesblowingoxygenintothelungsthroughamask.Bothcarrytheriskoftransmittingthevirustohospitalemployees.Withoutproperanalysis,thepanelwasunabletosaydefinitivelywhichtreatmentworkedbest,orwhichcausedthemostharm.“Thereisalackofsharedinformation,”Dr.Mardelsaid,notingthatalotofdatahavenotbeenpublished.Thepanelalsoagreedonguidelinesthatwouldallowdoctorstoconductquickandsafeclinicaltrials,aprocessthatgenerallytakesyearstocomplete.TheworldHealthOrganization,aUnitedNationsagencydidnotreleasetheguidelines.Dr.Mardelsaidtheywereflexiblebecausenooneknewwhere,whenandinwhatsettingSARSwouldreturn.Expertsinmanycountrieshavealreadylistedthetreatmentstheywanttotest,andthehealthagencyisleavingthesedecisionstoindividualnations.1.Guidelinesrecommendedbythescientificpanelcanbeusedfor.A.gatheringpotentiallyusefulinformationaboutvarioustherapiescollectedB.conductingclinicalstudiesofSARSpatientsC.determiningtreatmentforSARSD.publishingalltheinformationaboutSARS2.Accordingtothepassage,itisdifficulttointerprettheresultsofcertaintreatmentsforSARSbecause.A.patientswereindifferentcountriesB.patients

61weregivenmedicinesinwidelydifferentsettingsC.patientswereatdifferentstagesoftheillnessD.theseconditionshadnostandardizedmeasurementsorcontrolledsituations3.Accordingtodoctors,thetwomethodstotreatSARSpatientswhohavebreathingdifficultiesboth.A.carrytheriskofinfectinghospitalemployeesB.areeffectiveincuringpatientswhohavebreathingdifficultiesC.don’truntheriskoftransmittingthevirustohospitalemployeesD.provetoworkeffectivelyandcausenoharm4.AccordingtoaWHOofficial,Dr.Mardel,theguidelineswereflexiblebecause.A.SARSwouldreemergeinpoorcountriesB.nooneknewwhere,whenandinwhatsettingSARSwouldreturnC.SARSwouldnotappearindevelopedcountriesD.nooneknewwhetherSARSwouldreturnornot第30页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.SARS,aDreadfulDiseaseB.NoGoodMethodstoTreatSARSC.SARSWillReturnOneDayD.HealthPanelRecommendsNewGuidelinesonSARS（22）2008年12月英语六级阅读理解练习(7)Weallknowthatthenormal

62humandailycycleofactivityisofsome7-8hours’sleepalternationwithsome16-17hours’wakefulnessandthat,broadlyspeaking,thesleepnormallycoincideswiththehoursofdarkness.Ourpresentconcerniswithhoweasilyandtowhatextentthiscyclecanbemodified.Thequestionisnomereacademicone.Theease,forexample,withwhichpeoplecanchangefromworkinginthedaytoworkingatnightisaquestionofgrowingimportanceinindustrywhereautomationcallsforround-the-clockworkingofmachines.Itnormallytakesfromfivedaystooneweekforapersontoadapttoareversedroutineofsleepandwakefulness,sleepingduringthedayandworkingatnight.Unfortunately,itisoftenthecaseinindustrythatshiftsarechangedeveryweek;apersonmayworkfrom12:00midnightto8:00a.m.oneweek,8:00a.m.to4:00p.m.thenext,and4:00p.m.to12:00midnightthethirdandsoon.Thismeansthatnosoonerhashegotusedtooneroutinethanhehastochangetoanother,sothatmuchofhistimeisspentneitherworkingnorsleepingveryefficiently.Theonlyrealsolutionappearstobetohandoverthenightshifttoanumberofpermanentnightworkers.Aninterestingstudyofthedomesticlifeandhealthofnight-shiftworkerswascarriedoutbyBrownin1957.She

63foundahighincidenceofdisturbedsleepandotherdisordersamongthoseonalternatingdayandnightshifts,butnoabnormaloccurrenceofthesephenomenaamongthoseonpermanentnightwork.Thislattersystemthenappearstobethebestlong-termpolicy,butmeanwhilesomethingmaybedonetorelievethestrainsofalternatedayandnightworkbyselectingthosepeoplewhocanadaptmostquicklytothechangesofroutine.Onewayofknowingwhenapersonhasadaptedisbymeasuringhisbodytemperature.Peopleengagedinnormaldaytimeworkwillhaveahightemperatureduringthehoursofwakefulnessandalowoneatnight;whentheychangetonightwork,thepatternwillonlygraduallygobacktomatchthenewroutineandthespeedwithwhichitdoessoparallels,broadlyspeaking,theadaptationofthebodyasawhole,particularlyintermsofperformance.Therefore,bytakingbodytemperatureatintervalsoftwohoursthroughouttheperiodofwakefulnessitcanbeseenhowquicklyapersoncanadapttoareversedroutine,andthiscouldbe第31页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解

64usedasabasisforselection.Sofar,however,suchaformofselectiondoesnotseemtohavebeenappliedinpractice.1.Themainproblemoftheround-the-clockworkingsystemliesin.A.thedisturbanceofthedailycycleofworkerswhohavetochangeshiftstoofrequentlyB.theinconveniencesbroughtabouttotheworkersbytheintroductionofautomationC.thefactthatpeopleworkingatnightareoftenlesseffectiveD.thefactthatitisdifficulttofindanumberofgoodnightworkers2.Thebestsolutiontoimplementingthe24-hourworkingsystemseems.A.toemploypeoplewhoworkonnightshiftsonlyB.tocreatebetterlivingconditionsfornightworkersC.tochangeshiftsatlongerintervalsD.tohavelongershifts3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Bodytemperaturemayserveasanindicationofaworker’sperformance.B.Theemploymentofpermanentnightshiftworkersseemstobethebestsolutiontoproblemsoftheround-the-clockworkingsystem.C.Takingbodytemperatureatregularintervalscanshowhowapersonadaptstothechangesofroutine.D.Disturbedsleepoccursmorefrequentlyamongshiftworkers.4.Itispossibletofindoutifapersonhasadaptedtothechangesofroutinebymeasuringhisbodytemperaturebecause.A.bodytemperaturechangeswhen

65thecycleofsleepandwakefulnessalternatesB.bodytemperaturechangeswhenhechangestonightshiftorbackC.thetemperaturereverseswhentheroutineischanged.D.peoplehavehighertemperaturewhentheyareworkingefficiently.5.Thephrase“coincidewith”(Line3,Para.1)couldbestbereplacedby.A.takeplaceB.agreewithC.accordtoD.takeup（23）2008年12月英语六级阅读理解练习(8)Recentresearchhasclaimedthatanexcessofpositiveionsintheaircanhaveanilleffectonpeople'sphysicalorpsychologicalhealth.Whatarepositiveions？Well，theairisfullofions，electricallychargedparticles，andgenerallythereisaroughbalancebetweenthepositiveandthenegativecharged.Butsometimesthisbalancebecomesdisturbedandalargerproportionofpositiveionsarefound.Thishappensnaturallybeforethunderstorm，earthquakeswhenwinds第32页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解suchastheMistral，HamsinorSharavareblowingincertaincountries.Oritcanbecausedbyabuild-upofstaticelectricityindoorsfromcarpetsorclothingmadeofman-madefibres，orfromTVsets，duplicatorsorcomputerdisplayscreens.

66Whenalargenumberofpositiveionsarepresentintheairmanypeopleexperienceunpleasanteffectssuchasheadaches，fatigue，irritability，andsomeparticularlysensitivepeoplesuffernauseaorevenmentaldisturbance.Animalsarealsoaffected，particularlybeforeearthquakes，snakeshavebeenobservedtocomeoutofhibernation，ratstofleefromtheirburrows，dogshowlandcatsjumpaboutunaccountably.ThishasledtheUSGeographicalSurveytofundanetworkofvolunteerstowatchanimalsinanefforttoforeseesuchdisastersbeforetheyhitvulnerableareassuchasCalifornia.Conversely，whenlargenumbersofnegativeionsarepresent，thenpeoplehaveafeelingofwell-being.Naturalconditionsthatproducetheselargeamountsarenearthesea，closetowaterfallsorfountains，orinanyplacewherewaterissprayed，orformsaspray.Thisprobablyaccountsforthebeneficialeffectofaholidaybythesea，orinthemountainswithtumblingstreamsorwaterfalls.examda.comToincreasethesupplyofnegativeionsindoors，somescientistsrecommendtheuseofionisers：smallportablemachines，whichgeneratenegativeions.Theyclaimthationisersnotonlycleanandrefreshtheairbutalsoimprovethehealthofpeoplesensitivetoexcesspositiveions.Ofcourse，there

67arethedetractors，otherscientists，whodismisssuchclaimsandareskepticalaboutnegative/positiveionresearch.Thereforepeoplecanonlymakeuptheirownmindsbyobservingtheeffectsonthemselves，oronothers，ofanegativerichorpoorenvironment.Afterallitisdebatablewhetherdependingonseismicreadingstoanticipateearthquakesismoreeffectivethanwatchingthecat.1.Whateffectdoesexceedingpositiveionizationhaveonsomepeople？A.Theythinktheyareinsane.B.Theyfeelratherbad-temperedandshort-fussed.C.Theybecomeviolentlysick.D.Theyaretootiredtodoanything.2.Inaccordancewiththepassage，staticelectricitycanbecausedby.A.usinghome-madeelectricalgoods.B.wearingclothesmadeofnaturalmaterials.C.walkingonartificialfloorcoverings.D.copyingTVprogramsonacomputer.3.Ahighnegativeioncountislikelytobefound.第33页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解A.nearapoundwithawaterpump.B.closetoaslow-flowingriver.C.highinsomebarrenmountains.D.byarotatingwatersprinkler.4.Whatkindofmachinecangenerate

68negativeionsindoors？A.Ionisers.examda.comB.Air-conditioners.C.Exhaust-fansD.Vacuumpumps.5.Somescientistsbelievethat.A.watchinganimalstoanticipateearthquakesismoreeffectivethandependingonseismography.B.theunusualbehaviorofanimalscannotbetrusted.C.neitherwatchingnorusingseismographsisreliable.D.earthquake（24）2008年12月英语六级阅读理解练习(9)Oneofmyfavoriteposters1says,“Lifeisatest.Itisonlyatest.Hadthisbeenareallifeyouwouldhavebeeninstructedwheretogoandwhattodo.”WheneverIthinkofthishumorousbitofwisdom2,itremindsmetonottakemylifesoseriously.Whenyoulookatlifeanditsmanychallengesasatest,orseriesoftests,youbegintoseeeachissueyoufaceasanopportunitytogrow,achancetodiscovermoreaboutlife.Whetheryou'rebeingbombarded（攻击；质问）withproblems,responsibilities,eveninsurmountable（不能克服的，不能超越的）difficulties,whenlookedatasatest,youalwayshaveachancetosucceed,inthesenseofrisingabovethatwhichischallengingyou.If,ontheotherhand,youseeeachnewissueyoufaceasaseriousbattlethatmustbewoninordertosurvive,you'reprobablyinforaveryrocky6journey.Theonlytimeyou'relikelytobehappyiswhen

69everythingisworkingoutjustright.Andweallknowhowoftenthathappens.Asanexperiment,seeifyoucanapplythisideatosomethingyouareforcedtodealwith.Perhapsyouhavemuchpressurefromyourparentsoryouhaveademanding7boss.Seeifyoucanredefinetheissueyoufacefrombeinga“problem”tobeingatest.Ratherthan8strugglingwithyourissue,seeifthereissomethingyoucanlearnfromit.Askyourself,“Whyisthisanissueinmylife?Whatwoulditmeanandwhatwouldbeinvolvedtoriseaboveit?CouldIpossiblylookatthisissueanydifferently?CanIseeitasatestofsomekind?”Ifyougivethisstrategyatryyoumaybesurprisedatyourchangedresponses.Ithasbecomefarmoreacceptabletometoacceptthingsastheyare.1.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardslife?A.Hetakeshislifeseriously.B.Heconsiderslifeastest.第34页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解C.Heknowswheretogoandwhattodo.D.Hethinkslifeisfullofhumorouswisdom.2.Whenyoubegintoconsiderlifeasatest,youwillfind.A.youarebombardedwithproblems

70andresponsibilitiesB.theresultofthetestissogoodthatyouaredelightedC.youhavemanyopportunitiestogrowD.youhavetogotoschooltotaketestseveryday3.WhichofthefollowingstatementisTRUEaccordingtotheauthor?A.Whenyoulookatlifeasatest,youhaveachancetoovercomeproblemsyouface.B.Whenyoutakelifeseriously,youaremorelikelytosucceedandbecomehappy.C.Whenyouseeeachproblemasaseriousbattle,youhavemorechancetosurvive.D.Wheneverythingisworkingoutjustright,youcanknowhowoftenithappens.4.Itisimpliedfromthepassagethatyou'dbetterlookatlifeasatestwhen.A.youtrytogetthemeaningoftheposterB.yourparentsgiveyoumuchpressureC.youarecarryingoutanexperimentD.youareinarockyjourney5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.MyFavoritePosterB.TakeLifeSeriouslyC.FaceChallengeofLifeD.LifeIsOnlyATest（25）2008年12月英语六级阅读理解练习(10)Scholarsandstudentshavealwaysbeengreattravelers.Theofficialcasefor“academicmobility”isnowoftenstatedinimpressivetermsasafundamentalnecessityforeconomicandsocialprogressintheworld,anddebatedinthecorridorsofEurope,butitiscertainlynothingnew.Seriousstudentswerealwaysreadyto

71goabroadinsearchofthemoststimulatingteachersandthemostfamousacademies;insearchofthepurestphilosophy,themosteffectivemedicine,thelikeliestroadtogold.Mobilityofthiskindmeantalsomobilityofideas,theirtransferenceacrossfrontiers,theirsimultaneousimpactuponmanygroupsofpeople.Thepointoflearningistoshareit,whetherwithstudentsorwithcolleagues;onepresumesthatonlyeccentricshavenointerestinbeingcreditedwithastarlingdiscovery,oranewtechnique.Itmustalsohavebeenreassuringtoknowthatotherpeopleinotherpartsoftheworldwereabouttomakethesamediscoveryorwerethinkingalongthesamelines,andthatonewasnotquitealone,confrontedbyinquisition,ridiculeorneglect.第35页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解Inthetwentiethcentury,andparticularlyinthelast20years,theoldfootpathsofthewanderingscholarshavebecomevasthighways.Thevehiclewhichhasmadethispossiblehasofcoursebeentheaeroplane,makingcontactbetweenscholarseveninthemostdistantplacesimmediatelyfeasible,andprovidingfortheveryrapidtransmissionof

72knowledge.Apartfromthevehicleitself,itisfairlyeasytoidentifythemainfactorswhichhavebroughtabouttherecentexplosioninacademicmovement.Someofthesearepurelyquantitativeandrequirenofurthermention:therearefarmorecentresoflearning,andafargreaternumberofscholarsandstudents.examda.comInadditiononemustrecognizetheveryconsiderablemultiplicationofdisciplines,particularlyinthesciences,whichbywideningthetotalareaofadvancedstudieshasproducedanenormousnumberofspecialistswhoseparticularinterestsarepreciselydefined.Thesepeoplewouldworkinsomeisolationiftheywerenotabletokeepintouchwithsimilarisolatedgroupsinothercountries.1.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat"academicmobility".A.meansthefriendshipformedbyscholarsonthetripB.isaprograminitiatedbygovernmentsC.hasbeenputgreatemphasisonintheworldD.meansgoingabroadinsearchofthebestteacher2.Theword"eccentric"inthesecondparagraphmostprobablymeans.A.aratherstrangepersonB.apersonofnoexceptionalabilityC.anambitiouspersonD.peculiarorunusualexamda.com3.Intheeyesoftheauthor,whathappenstoascholarwhoshareshisideaswithhiscolleagues?A.Heriskshisideasbeingstolen.B.Hegains

73recognitionforhisachievementC.Heisconsideredasaneccentric.D.Heiscreditedwithastartlingdiscovery.4.Accordingtothepassage,therecentgrowthinairtravelhasmeantthat.A.travelaroundtheworldbecomesrealisticandaffordableB.morestudentsfromremoteareascanattenduniversitiesC.allkindsofinformationcanbesharedbymorepeopleD.scholarscanmeeteachothermoreeasily5.Theauthorthinksthatit'simportantforscholarstobeabletotravelbecause.A.theirlaboratoriesateinremoteplaces第36页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解B.thereistoomuchstressatuniversitiesC.theirfellowexpertsarescatteredaroundtheworldD.therearesomanypeopleworkinginsimilarfields（26）2008年12月英语六级阅读理解练习(11)Lookatthekeyboardofanystandardtypewriterorcomputer."Q,""W,""E,""R,""T"and"Y"arethefirstsixletters.Whodecidedonthisarrangementoftheletters?Andwhy?Peopletriedforcenturiestoinventthetypewriter.In1714inEngland,HenryMillfiledapatentforamachinecalledAnArtificialMachineorMethodfortheImpressingorTranscribingofLetters,SinglyorProgressively

74oneafteranother,asinWriting,wherebyallWritingwhatsoevermaybeEngrossedinPaperorParchmentsoNeatandExactasnottobedistinguishedfromPrint.Thatmachineprobablydidn’tsellbecausenoonecouldrememberitsname!ThefirstpracticaltypewriterwaspatentedintheUnitedStatesin1868byChristopherLathamSholes.Hismachinewasknownasthetype-writer.Ithadamovablecarriage,aleverforturningpaperfromlinetoline,andakeyboardonwhichtheletterswerearrangedinalphabeticalorder.ButSholeshadaproblem.Onhisfirstmodel,his"ABC"keyarrangementcausedthekeystojamwhenthetypistworkedquickly.Sholesdidn’tknowhowtokeepthekeysfromsticking,sohissolutionwastokeepthetypistfromtypingtoofast.Sholesaskedhisbrother-in-lawtorearrangethekeyboardsothatthecommonestletterswerenotsoclosetogetherandthetypebarswouldcomefromoppositedirections.Thustheywouldnotclashtogetherandjamthemachine.ThenewarrangementwastheQWERTYarrangementtypistsusetoday.Ofcourse,Sholesclaimedthatthenewarrangementwasscientificandwouldaddspeedandefficiency.Theonlyefficiencyitaddedwastoslowthetypistdown,sincealmostanywordintheEnglishlanguagerequiredthetypist’sfingers

75tocovermoredistanceonthekeyboard.Theadvantagesofthetypewriteroutweighedthedisadvantagesofthekeyboard.Typistsmemorizedthecrazyletterarrangement,andthetypewriterbecameahugesuccess.Bythetimetypistshadmemorizedthenewarrangementoflettersandbuilttheirspeed,typewritertechnologyhadimproved,andthekeysdidn’tstickasbadlyastheyhadatfirst.Questions1to5arebasedonthepassageabove.1.Weknowfromthepassagethattheinventorofthefirstpracticaltypewriteris.A.HenryMillB.ChristopherLathamSholesC.Sholes’brother-in-lawD.AllbertEinstein2.TheauthorthinksthemachineinventedbyHenryMillcouldnot第37页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解besoldbecause.A.itwasdifficultforpeopletoacceptnewthingsB.thereweregreatdisadvantagesofthekeyboardC.themachinecouldnotbedistinguishedfromprintD.thenameofthemachinewastoolong3.SholesdecidedtheQWERTYarrangementofthekeyboardinorderto.A.arrangethelettersinalphabeticalorderB.causethekeystojamwhenthetypistworkedquicklyC.solvetheproblemofthekeys

76jammingD.competewith"ABC"keyarrangement4.ItisinferredthattheQWERTYarrangementofthekeyboard.A.isthemostscientificarrangementB.addsspeedandefficiencyoftypistsC.keepsthetypistfromtypingtoofastD.iseasyfortypiststomemorize5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheArrangementofTheLettersonKeyboardB.TheStoryofChristopherLathamSholesC.HowtoInventTheTypewriterD.TheFirstPracticalTypewriter（27）2008年12月英语六级阅读理解练习(12)Lookatthekeyboardofanystandardtypewriterorcomputer."Q,""W,""E,""R,""T"and"Y"arethefirstsixletters.Whodecidedonthisarrangementoftheletters?Andwhy?Peopletriedforcenturiestoinventthetypewriter.In1714inEngland,HenryMillfiledapatentforamachinecalledAnArtificialMachineorMethodfortheImpressingorTranscribingofLetters,SinglyorProgressivelyoneafteranother,asinWriting,wherebyallWritingwhatsoevermaybeEngrossedinPaperorParchmentsoNeatandExactasnottobedistinguishedfromPrint.Thatmachineprobablydidn’tsellbecausenoonecouldrememberitsname!ThefirstpracticaltypewriterwaspatentedintheUnitedStatesin1868byChristopherLathamSholes.Hismachinewasknownasthetype-writer.Ithadamovable

77carriage,aleverforturningpaperfromlinetoline,andakeyboardonwhichtheletterswerearrangedinalphabeticalorder.ButSholeshadaproblem.Onhisfirstmodel,his"ABC"keyarrangementcausedthekeystojamwhenthetypistworkedquickly.Sholesdidn’tknowhowtokeepthekeysfromsticking,sohissolutionwastokeepthetypistfromtypingtoofast.Sholesaskedhisbrother-in-lawtorearrangethekeyboardsothatthecommonestletterswerenotsoclosetogetherandthetypebarswouldcomefrom第38页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解oppositedirections.Thustheywouldnotclashtogetherandjamthemachine.ThenewarrangementwastheQWERTYarrangementtypistsusetoday.Ofcourse,Sholesclaimedthatthenewarrangementwasscientificandwouldaddspeedandefficiency.Theonlyefficiencyitaddedwastoslowthetypistdown,sincealmostanywordintheEnglishlanguagerequiredthetypist’sfingerstocovermoredistanceonthekeyboard.Theadvantagesofthetypewriteroutweighedthedisadvantagesofthekeyboard.Typistsmemorizedthecrazyletterarrangement,andthetypewriterbecameahuge

78success.Bythetimetypistshadmemorizedthenewarrangementoflettersandbuilttheirspeed,typewritertechnologyhadimproved,andthekeysdidn’tstickasbadlyastheyhadatfirst.1.Weknowfromthepassagethattheinventorofthefirstpracticaltypewriteris.A.HenryMillB.ChristopherLathamSholesC.Sholes’brother-in-lawD.AllbertEinstein2.TheauthorthinksthemachineinventedbyHenryMillcouldnotbesoldbecause.A.itwasdifficultforpeopletoacceptnewthingsB.thereweregreatdisadvantagesofthekeyboardC.themachinecouldnotbedistinguishedfromprintD.thenameofthemachinewastoolong3.SholesdecidedtheQWERTYarrangementofthekeyboardinorderto.A.arrangethelettersinalphabeticalorderB.causethekeystojamwhenthetypistworkedquicklyC.solvetheproblemofthekeysjammingD.competewith"ABC"keyarrangement4.ItisinferredthattheQWERTYarrangementofthekeyboard.A.isthemostscientificarrangementB.addsspeedandefficiencyoftypistsC.keepsthetypistfromtypingtoofastD.iseasyfortypiststomemorize5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheArrangementofTheLettersonKeyboardB.TheStoryofChristopherLathamSholesC.HowtoInventTheTypewriterD.TheFirstPracticalTypewriter

79（28）2009年6月英语六级快速阅读训练（1）Asyouallknow,theUnitedStatesisacountryonwheels.Nearlyeightmillionnewcarsaremadeeachyear;fourhouseholdsoutoffiveownatleastoneear,andmorethanaquarterhavetwoeach.Yetyou’第39页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解llbesurprisedtolearnthatsomeofthecar-ownersevensufferfrommalnutrition（营养不良）.In1968,anation-widesurveyofmalnutritionwasmadeforthefirsttime.Itfoundthat10millionpeoplearesufferinginhealththroughinadequatefeeding;thecausesoftheirplight（困境）werevaried.Unemploymentoveralongperiodshouldbeconsideredasthemainfactor.Andunemployment,strangetosay,ninetimesoutoftenresultsfromautomation,bothinindustrialandagriculturalareas.Forexample,intheruralSouthwhenacottonplantationsuddenlycutsitsforcefrom100peopletothree,theproblemtohelpthedisplacedarises.Soisthecasewithindustrialautomation.Infact,probably2millionjobsaremadeunnecessaryeachyearinthewholecountryasaresultoftheautomationprocess,thusmaking

80unemploymentachiefsocialconcern.Accordingtogovernmentstatistics,thenumberofpeopleunemployedwasover5percentfortheperiodfrom1958to1963.InJuly1981,itroseto7.8percent.Asamatteroffact,ithaslongbeenknownthatevenduringthemostprosperousperiodstherehavebeenpeoplewithoutenoughtoeat.SoIthinkthat’swhyPresidentKennedysaidinhisinaugurationspeechin1961,ifthegovernmentdidnothelpthepoor,itcouldnotsavetherich.In1966,theSocialSecurityAdministrationcalculatedthatafamilyoffourneededanincomeof$3,355ayeartobeabovethelineofpoverty.Andin1977,theaveragepovertylineofthecountrywasslightlymorethan$6,200annualincomeforanon-farmfamilyoffour.AccordingtotheSocialSecurityAct,familiesofthatsizebelowpovertylineareeligibletoreceivebenefitsfromthespecialwelfareprogram.Theaverageweeklypaymentofbenefitsnowisequivalentto36percentoftheworker’snormalwage.Andthenumberofpeoplewhoreceivegovernmentbenefitsisincreasing.In1973,socialinsurancepaymentsbygovernments,mainlytooldagepensionersandpeoplewhohadlosttheirjobsorwereoffworkthroughillness,amountedto$86,000million.Thosenotfullyqualifiedforinsurancepaymentsreceived$29,000

81millioninpublicaid.Butproblemsstillexist.Manypeoplearenotreachedbytheanti-povertyprogram,becauselocalauthoritiesandagenciesdonotwanttoplaytheirpartordonotgavetheresourcestodoso.Somepoorpeoplewillnotaccepthelpforvariousreasons.Ofcourse,therearesomemoreimportantfactorswhichlieinthestructureofthesociety,butIdon’tconsideritnecessarytodigintothemhere.Yetwewillperhapsagreethatsocialwelfareprogramshavesolvedtosomeextenttheproblemsoffeeding,clothingandhousingthosebelowthepovertyline.Onthewhole,itperhapsmightbesaidthatAmericanpeoplearelivingabetterlifethanpeopleinmostothercountries.1.TheUnitedStatesiscalledacountryonwheelsbecause.第40页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解A.aboutone-fourthAmericansowntwocarsB.abitoveroneoutoffourhouseholdsaretheownersoftwocarsC.nearly8millionnewcarsdriveinthecountryeveryyearD.80%Americanshaveatleastonecar2.Accordingtoa1968survey,tenmillionAmericansfoundthemselvesinadifficulthealthsituationchieflydueto.A.inadequatefeedingB.

82malnutritionC.unemploymentD.automation3.Theauthoruse”thedisplaced”(Line9,Para.2)torefertothosewhoare.A.unemployedB.disabledC.sickD.poor4.Theword“eligible”(Line6,Para.3)issynonymouswith“”A.necessaryB.urgentC.neededD.worthy5.Americansarelivingabetterlifethanthoseinmostofothercountriesbecause,tosomedegree,.A.manyAmericansreceivebenefitsfromthespecialwelfareprogramB.somepoorpeoplecanreceivehelpforsomereasonorotherC.thereistheanti-povertyprogramintheU.S.D.socialwelfareprogramshavesomemeasuresettledtheproblemsofthosebelowthepovertyline.（29）2009年6月英语六级阅读训练（2）Feministsociolinguists(社会语言学家),overthecourseofthelastfewdecades,haveconductedstudiesthattheybelievesupporttheconclusionthatwomenareroutinelydiscriminatedagainstinEndlish-speakingsociety.Theypointtothewordsusedtodescribewomen,aswellasthewordsusedtodescribesocietyasawhole,asindicationsthattheEnglishlanguage,andthereforetheEnglish-speakingculture,isslantedtowardstheadvantageofmales.ThewordsusedtodescribewomenareusedasinstrumentbyfeministsociolinguiststodenoteaninherentsexismintheEnglishlanguage.Wordpairssuchas

83masterandmistressandsirandmadam,theyclaim,epitomizesuchsexism.Allofthewordsinquestiononceheldpositiveconnotationsbut,whilethemasculine(男性的)formshaveretainedtheirrespectableassociations,thefeminineformshaveundergonepejorationandnowimplysexualpromiscuity(混杂)andothernegativecharacteristics.FeministresearchersassumethatsuchpejorationindicatethatthestatusofwomeninEnglish-speakingsocietyisrelativelylow.Theseresearchersalsofindfaultwiththeuseofmasculinewordstodescribeunisexentities.Forexample,theyfeelthatthereisnothinginherentlymainlyaboutmankind,thebestmanforthejob,orthecommonman.Similarly,theuseofsuchconstructionsasthe“the第41页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解averagestudentsisworriedabouthisgrades”indicatetotheseresearchersaninherentsexisminEnglishthatisreflectiveoftheculturesinwhichtheyareproduced.CarolynJacobson,authorofNon-sexistLanguagehasproposedasolutiontothisconundrum(难题).Sheadvocatestheeliminationofallsexedwordsinfavorofgender-neutral

84terms.Nolongershouldwerefertoactorsandactressesorwaitersandwaitresses,assuchdichotomies(男女有别)allowforthepossibilityofnegativeconnotationsbeingassociatedwiththefemininedesignation.Likewise,shebelievesthatphrasessuchasmankindshouldgivewaytohumankindandthattheuseofthemasculinepronounasthedefaultshouldbeabandonedinfavorofneutralconstructions.Thus,whensexismiseliminatedfromtheEnglishlanguage,theculturewillbemoreamenabletohedeliveranceofwomenaswell.1.TheprimarypurposeofthispassageistoAcompareandcontrastideologyinvariousculturesBproveacommonlyheldbelieftobewrongCdescribeaproblemandapossiblesolutionDanalyzethehistoricaloriginsofamodernsituation2Accordingtothepassage,gender-neutralconstructionsshouldbeadvocatedbecauseAtheeliminationofsexismintheEnglishlanguagewillprecedetheeliminationofsexisminthecultureBtheyaremoregrammaticallysoundthansexedstructuresCunisextermsarelessawkwardincasualspeechDsex-specifictermsalwayscarrynegativeconnotations3Theauthorreferstomankind,thebestmanforthejob,andthecommonmaninordertoAdemonstratethesuperiorityofmalesin

85English-speakingsocietyBprovideanexampleofspeechthatisslantedtowardstheadvantageofmalesClistthecharacteristicsofthefeministsocialinguistmovementDdiscountthenotionthattheEnglishlanguagediscriminatesagainstwomen4Theword“perjorationmostprobablymeansAnegativeconnotationBpositiveconnotationCsexualcharacteristicDrespectablecharacteristic5Infavorofgender-neutralterms,whichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtodescribeunisexentities?AmankindBchairpersonCsupermanDdragonlady（30）2009年6月英语六级阅读训练（3）Feministsociolinguists(社会语言学家),overthecourseofthelastfewdecades,haveconductedstudiesthattheybelievesupportthe第42页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解conclusionthatwomenareroutinelydiscriminatedagainstinEndlish-speakingsociety.Theypointtothewordsusedtodescribewomen,aswellasthewordsusedtodescribesocietyasawhole,asindicationsthattheEnglishlanguage,andthereforetheEnglish-speakingculture,isslantedtowardstheadvantageofmales.Thewordsusedto

86describewomenareusedasinstrumentbyfeministsociolinguiststodenoteaninherentsexismintheEnglishlanguage.Wordpairssuchasmasterandmistressandsirandmadam,theyclaim,epitomizesuchsexism.Allofthewordsinquestiononceheldpositiveconnotationsbut,whilethemasculine(男性的)formshaveretainedtheirrespectableassociations,thefeminineformshaveundergonepejorationandnowimplysexualpromiscuity(混杂)andothernegativecharacteristics.FeministresearchersassumethatsuchpejorationindicatethatthestatusofwomeninEnglish-speakingsocietyisrelativelylow.Theseresearchersalsofindfaultwiththeuseofmasculinewordstodescribeunisexentities.Forexample,theyfeelthatthereisnothinginherentlymainlyaboutmankind,thebestmanforthejob,orthecommonman.Similarly,theuseofsuchconstructionsasthe“theaveragestudentsisworriedabouthisgrades”indicatetotheseresearchersaninherentsexisminEnglishthatisreflectiveoftheculturesinwhichtheyareproduced.CarolynJacobson,authorofNon-sexistLanguagehasproposedasolutiontothisconundrum(难题).Sheadvocatestheeliminationofallsexedwordsinfavorofgender-neutralterms.Nolongershouldwerefertoactorsandactressesor

87waitersandwaitresses,assuchdichotomies(男女有别)allowforthepossibilityofnegativeconnotationsbeingassociatedwiththefemininedesignation.Likewise,shebelievesthatphrasessuchasmankindshouldgivewaytohumankindandthattheuseofthemasculinepronounasthedefaultshouldbeabandonedinfavorofneutralconstructions.Thus,whensexismiseliminatedfromtheEnglishlanguage,theculturewillbemoreamenabletohedeliveranceofwomenaswell.1.Theprimarypurposeofthispassageisto【A】compareandcontrastideologyinvariouscultures【B】proveacommonlyheldbelieftobewrong【C】describeaproblemandapossiblesolution【D】analyzethehistoricaloriginsofamodernsituation2Accordingtothepassage,gender-neutralconstructionsshouldbeadvocatedbecause【A】theeliminationofsexismintheEnglishlanguagewillprecedetheeliminationofsexismintheculture【B】theyaremoregrammaticallysoundthansexedstructures第43页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解【C】unisextermsarelessawkwardincasualspeech

88【D】sex-specifictermsalwayscarrynegativeconnotations3Theauthorreferstomankind,thebestmanforthejob,andthecommonmaninorderto【A】demonstratethesuperiorityofmalesinEnglish-speakingsociety【B】provideanexampleofspeechthatisslantedtowardstheadvantageofmales【C】listthecharacteristicsofthefeministsocialinguistmovement【D】discountthenotionthattheEnglishlanguagediscriminatesagainstwomen4Theword“perjorationmostprobablymeans【A】negativeconnotation【B】positiveconnotation【C】sexualcharacteristic【D】respectablecharacteristic5Infavorofgender-neutralterms,whichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtodescribeunisexentities?【A】mankind【B】chairperson【C】superman【D】dragonlady（31）2009年6月英语六级阅读训练（4）TherewasonshopinthetownofMufulira，whichwasnotoriousforitscolorbar.Itwasadrugstore.WhileEuropeanswereservedatthecounter，alonglineofAfricansqueuedatthewindowandoftennotonlywerekeptwaitingbut，whentheirturncametobeserved，wererudelytreatedbytheshopassistants.OnedayIwasdeterminedtomakeapublicprotestagainstthiskindofthing，andmanyoftheschoolboysinmyclassfollowedme

89tothestoreandwaitedoutsidetoseewhatwouldhappenwhenIwentin.Isimplywentintotheshopandaskedthemanagerpolitelyforsomemedicine.AssoonashesawmestandingintheplacewhereonlyEuropeancustomerswereallowedtostandheshoutedatmeinabastardlanguagethatisonlyusedbyanemployedwhenspeakingtohisservants.IstoodatthecounterandpolitelyrequestedinEnglishthatIshouldbeserved.ThemanagerbecameexasperatedandsaidtomeinEnglish，“IfyoustandtheretillChristmasIwillneverserveyou.”IwenttotheDistrictcommissioner'soffice.FortunatelytheDistrictCommissionerwasout，forhewasoneoftheoldschool；however，IsawayoungDistrictOfficerwhowasafriendofmine.HewasveryconcernedtohearmystoryandtoldmethatifeverIwantedanythingmorefromthedrugstoreallIhadtodowascometohimpersonallyandhewouldbuymymedicineforme.Iprotestedthatthatwasnotgoodenough.Iaskedhimtoaccompanymebacktothestoreandtomakeaprotesttothemanager.Thishedid，andIwellrememberhim第44页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解

90sayingtothemanager，“HereisMr.KaundawhoisaresponsiblememberoftheUrbanAdvisoryCouncil，andyoutreathimlikeacommonservant.”Themanagerofthedrugstoreapologizedandsaid，“Ifonlyhehadintroducedhimselfandexplainedwhohewas，then，ofcourseIshouldhavegivenhimproperservice.”Ihadtoexplainonceagainthathehadmissedmypoint.WhyshouldIhavetointroducemyselfeverytimeIwentintoastore…anymorethanIshouldhavetobuymymedicinebygoingtoaEuropeanfriend？Iwanttoprovethatanymanofanycolor，whateverhisposition，shouldhavetherighttogointoanyshopandbuywhathewanted.1.“Colorbar”inthefirstparagraphcomesclosestinmeaningto.A.abarwhichispaintedindifferentcolors.B.thefactthatwhiteandblackcustomersareservedseparately.C.abarofchocolatehavingdifferentcolors.D.acounterwherepeopleofdifferentcolorsareservedwithbeer.2.Thewriterwas，atthetimeofthestory，.A.ablackschoolteacherB.anAfricanservantC.ablack，butafriendofEuropeansD.arichblack3.Themanagerofthedrugstoreshoutedatthewriterinabastardlanguagebecause.A.hehadn'tlearnedtospeakpoliteEnglish.B.hethoughtthewriterwouldn'tunderstandEnglish.C.that

91wastheusuallanguageusedbyEuropeanswhenspeakingtoAfricans.D.thatwastheonlylanguagehecouldspeakwhenhewasangry.4.Inthethirdparagraph，“hewasoneoftheoldschool”means.A.hebelievedintheage-oldpracticeofracialdiscrimination.B.hewasaveryoldman.C.hegraduatedfromanold，conservativeschool.D.hewasinchargeofanoldschool.5.Whydidn'tthewriterwaitatthewindowofthedrugstorelikeotherblackAfrican？A.Becausehethoughthewaseducatedandshouldbetreateddifferently.B.Becausehethought，beinganimportantperson，heshouldnotbekeptwaiting.C.Becausehethoughthiswhitefriendswouldhelphimout.D.Becausehewantedtoprotestagainstracialdiscrimination.（32）2009年12月英语六级阅读专项训练（1）第45页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解Withitscommoninterestinlawbreakingbutitsimmenserangeofsubjectmatterandwidelyvaryingmethodsoftreatment,thecrimenovelcouldmakealegitimateclaimtoberegardedasaseparatebranchofliterature,or,atleast,asadistinct,eventhoughaslightlydisreputable,shootofthe

92traditionalnovel.Thedetectivestoryisprobablythemostrespectable(atanyrateinthenarrowsenseoftheword)ofthecrimespecies.Itscreationisoftentherelaxationofuniversitydons,literaryeconomists,scientistsorevenpoets.Fatalitiesmayoccurmorefrequentlyandmysteriouslythanmightbeexpectedinpolitesociety,buttheworldinwhichtheyhappen,thevillage,seasideresort,collegeorstudio,isfamiliartous,ifnotfromourownexperience,atleastinthenewspaperorthelivesoffriends.Thecharacters,thoughnormallyrealizedsuperficially,areasrecognizablyhumanandconsistentasourlessintimateassociates.Astorysetinamoreremoteenvironment,Africanjungle,orAustralianbush,ancientChinaorgaslitLondon,appealstoourinterestingeographyorhistory,andmostdetectivestorywritersareconscientiousinprovidingareasonablyauthenticbackground.Theelaborate,carefully-assembledplot,despisedbythemodemintellectualcriticsandcreatorsofsignificantnovels,hasfoundrefugeinthemurdermystery,withitssprinklingofclues,itsspicingwithapparentimpossibilities,allwithappropriatesolutionsandexplanationsattheend.WiththeguiltofescapismfromRealLife,nagginggently,wesecretlyrevelintheunmaskingofevilbyavaguelysuper-human

93sleuth(侦探),whoseesthroughanddispelsthecloudofsuspicionwhichhashoveredsounjustlyovertheinnocent.Thoughitsvillainalsoreceiveshisrightfuldeserts,thethrillerpresentsalesscomfortableandcredibleworld.Thesequenceoffistfights,revolverduels,carcrashesandescapesfromgas-filledcellarsexhauststhereaderfarmorethanthehero,whosuffersfromatleasttwobrokenribs,oneblackeye,uncountablebruisesandahangover,canstillchaseandoverpoweranarmedvillainWiththephysiqueofwrestler.Hemovesdangerouslythroughaworldofruthlessgangs,brutality,aviciouslustforpowerandmoneyand,incontrasttothedetectivetale,withanear-omniscientarch-criminalwhosedefeatseemsalmostaccidental.Perhapswemissinthethrillerthesecurityofbeingsafelyledbyourcalminvestigatorpastascoreofredherringsandblindavenuestoafinalgatheringofsuspectswhenanunchallengeableelucidation(解释)ofallthathasbewilderedusisgivenandjusticeandgoodnessprevail.Allthatwevainlyhopeforfromlifeisgrantedvicariously（间接地）.57.Thecrimenovelmayberegardedas[A]notatreenovelatall[B]anindependentdevelopmentofthenovel第46页共52页

94羽天全国英语六级阅读理解[C]relatedinsomewaystothehistoricalnovel[D]aquiterespectableformoftheconventionalnovel58.Thepassagesuggeststhatintellectualswritedetectivestoriesbecause[A]theyenjoywritingthesestories[B]thestoriesareofteninfactveryinstructive[C]detectivestoriesareanacceptedbranchofliterature[D]thecreationofthesestoriesdemandsconsiderableintelligence59.Whatfeatureofthedetectivestoryissaidtodisqualifyitfromrespectfulconsiderationbyintellectualcritics?[A]Thefactthattheguiltyarealwaysfoundoutandtheinnocentcleared.[B]Thelackofinterestingenuinecharacterrevelations.[C]Theexistenceofaneatclosely-knitstory.[D]Themanyseeminglyimpossibleevents.60.Oneofthemostincrediblecharacteristicsoftheheroofathrilleris[A]hisexcitinglife[B]hisamazingtoughness[C]thewayhedealswithenemies[D]hisabilitytoescapefromdangeroussituations61.Inwhatwayarethedetectivestoryandthethrillerunlike?[A]Inintroducingviolence.[B]Inprovidingexcitementandsuspense．[C]Inensuringthateverythingcomesrightintheend．[D]Inappealingtotheintellectualcuriosityofthereader

95（３３）2009年12月英语六级阅读专项训练（２）Everyonceinawhilethereasonsfordiscouragementaboutthehumanprospectpileupsohighthatitbecomesdifficulttoseethewayahead。anditisthena．greatblessingtohaveoneconspicuousandundeniablegoodthingtothinkaboutourselves，somethingsolidenoughtostepontoandlookbeyondthepile．languageisoftenusefulforthis，andmusic．Aparticularpainting，ifyouhavetherightreceptors，canliftthespiritsandholdthemhighenoughtoseeawholefuturefortherace．Thesoundoflaughterinthedistanceinthedarkcanbeamarvelousencouragement．Buttheseareuncertainstimuli，ready，toworkonlyifyouhappentobereadytoreceivethem,whichtakesabitofluck.Ihavebeenreadingmagazinestoriesaboutthetechnologyofliedetectionlately，anditoccurstomethatthismaybethethingI'vebeenlookingfor，anencouragementsupportedbygenuine，hardscientificdata．ItispromisingenoughthatI’vedecidedtotakeasgivenwhatthearticlessay．uncritically，andtolooknofurther．AsIunderstandit，ahumanbeingcannottellalie，evenasmallone．withoutsettingoffakindofsmokealarmSomewheredeepina第47页共52页

96羽天全国英语六级阅读理解darkrecessofthebrain，resultinginthesuddendischarge9fnerveimpulses，orthesuddenoutpouringofneurohormones(神经激素)ofsomesort，orboth．Theoutcome，recordedbythelie—detectordeviceissimilartotheresponsestovariouskindsofstress．Lying，thenisstressful，evenwhenwedoitforprotection，orrelief，orescape，orprofit，orjustforthepurepleasureoflyingandgettingawaywithit．Itisastrain．distressingenoughtocausetheemissionofsignalstoandfromthecentralnervoussystemwarningthatsomethinghasgonewron9．Itis，inapurephysiologicalsense，anunnaturalact．NowIregardthisasapieceofextraordinarilygoodnews，meaning，thatwearecompelledtobeamoralspeciesatleastinthelimitedsensethatwearebiologicallydesignedtobetruthfultoeachother．Itseemsapettythingtohavethisinformation，butperhapsittellsustolookagain，andlookdeeper．Weareindeedasocialspecies，moredependentoneachotherthanthecelebratedsocialinsects，wecannomoreliveasolitarylifethancanabee，wealeobliged，asaspecies。torelyoneachother—Trustisafundamentalrequirementforourkind

97ofexistence，andwithoutitallourlinkageswouldbegintosnaploose．Itisenough，quiteenough，toknowthatwecannoteventellaplainuntruth，andbetrayatrust，withoutscaringsomepartofourownbrains．62．Inthefirstparagraph．theauthorimpliesthat[A]weareconvincedthatmenarebornevil[B]humanbeingsaresurroundedbypilesofrubbish[C]therearealotofobstaclesonthewayaheadofhumanbeings[D]man’sfutureisseentobeencouragingfromhisgoodnature63．Accordingtothesecondparagraph，whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?[A]Languageisasusefulasmusic．[B]Paintingisthebestofallinliftingone’sspirits．[C]Toseehuman’sbrightsideisagameofchance[D]Noteveryoneisgiventhechanceofagoodfuture．64.Whichofthefollowingistrueac6ordingtothepassage?[A]Physiologicalchangeswillforsurebetrayaliar.[B]Thebiggeralieis,thestrongerthestrainwillbe.[C]Thedegreeofthestraindependsonthepurposeoflying.[D]Awell-trainedpersoncantelllieswithoutbeingdetected.65.Theinformationgivenbytheliedetector,accordingtotheauthor,is[A]trivial[B]essential[C]surprising[D]unreliable66.Themessagetheauthortransmitstousbytheliedetectoristhat

98第48页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解[A]itisvitalforustobetruthfultoeachother[B]lyingwillbecheckedbymoreadvancedliedetectors[C]aliedetectorcanmakeagoodrecordofnerveimpulses[D]aliarbenefitshimselffromlying,butonlyatthecostofothers（３４）2009年12月英语六级阅读专项训练（３）PresidentBushtouchedoffafirestormofcriticismfromcongressionalDemocrats,civilfightsgroupsandnewspapereditorialistsWednesdaywhenhedecidedtointerveneinaSupremeCourtcasechallengingracialpreferencesintheUniversityofMichiganadmissionspolicy.Thehowlsofprotestwerequickandloud.Judgingfromthenoise,onemightconcludethatthispresidentisinbigpoliticaltroubleashelookstoreelectionin2004.Afterall,withpublicuncertaintyabouttheeconomy,thepossibilityofwarwithIraq,increasedtensionswithNorthKoreadominatingtheheadlines,andDemocratshurlingbrickbatsatBushforeverythingfromhiseconomicstimulusplanthattheysayfavorstherichtowhattheyseeashisabandonmentofminoritiesbyopposingtheMichigancase,hewouldappeartobepoised(使平衡)onthebrinkofpolitical

99disaster.Butishe?Notyet.Hisstandingwiththepublicisstrongerthanoutwardpollnumberssuggest.MuchwasmadethispastweekofaUSATODAYCNNGallupPollthatshowedBush'sjobapprovalratingdippingbelow60%forthefirsttimesinceSept.11,to58%.Thatcausedmanytocommentthathemightbefollowingdownapathhisfatherpreviouslytrod.TheelderBushachievedsuccessinthePersianGulfWarbutsawhisjobratingserodesteadily,largelybecauseofwhatmanyreadasaninadequateresponsetoaslumpingeconomy.Hewasdeniedasecondterm.ButfortheyoungerBushtobeindangerofarepeat,hewouldhavetodosomethingthatbreaksthebondhehasformedwiththeAmericanpubliconapersonallevelsinceSept.11thattranscendshispositionsonvariousissues.ThesameUSATODAYpollthatshowedBush'soveralljob-approvalslipping,butstillgood,alsofoundthathisso-calledpolitical"vitalsigns"areremarkablystrong.TheysuggestthatregardlessofwhetherpeopleagreeordisagreewithBush'shandlingofspecificproblemsorissues,heretainsahighdegreeofrespect,trustandsupportforpushingboldlyaheadasheseesfit.MostwhosaidthequalitiesdonotapplyareDemocrats,WhomorethanlikelyarenotgoingtovoteforBushanyway.ItistheswingvotersthatBushmusthold,and

100thepollshowsthatmostindependentsrankBushpositivelyonthesemeasures,Healso"getssomeprettystrongratingsfromwomen,whotraditionallyleantowardDemocraticpresidentialcandidates.SowhenBushmakesabolddecisiontofightterrorism,opposethe第49页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解MichiganadmissionspolicyorforceSaddamHusseintodisarm,manymaydisagree.Buttheyratehimhighforleading,which,afterall,iswhatweelectourpresidentstodo.Andmostseehimashonest,willingtogetalongwithhispoliticalopponentsandaneffectivegovernmentmanager.AnalystssaythosevitalsignswillseeBushthroughtheroughtimes.52.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheUniversityofMichigan[A]carriesoutapreferentialpolicyforrecruitingminoritystudents[B]comesintoopenconflictswithBush'seconomicstimulusplan[C]putsBushintroublebyabandoningminoritystudentsinitsadmission[D]isstronglyopposedtoBush'sforeignpolicies53.Accordingtothepassage,thepollnumbersindicatethat[A]Bush'sstandingwiththepublicisverystrong[B]Bush'seconomicpackage

101winswidespreadsupport[C]publicsupportforBushisdeclining[D]Bushisonthebrinkofpoliticaldisaster54.TheelderBushlostasecondtermmainlybecause[A]helostthePersianGulfWar[B]hefailedtodevelopanintimaterelationshipwiththepublic[C]heprovedhimselfinadequateasapoliticalleader[D]hedidnottakeeffectivemeasurestorecovertheeconomy55.Theexpression"vitalsigns"(Line2,Para.3)mainlyrefersto[A]signsthatsignalizepublicsatisfactionwithBush'swork[B]qualitiesthatmeettheleadershipofthecountry[C]pollnumbersthatshowBush'sjob-approvalratings[D]issuesthatBushhastohandlebeforeareelection56.Themainideaofthepassageisthat[A]approvalpollsdon'ttellthewholeBushstory[B]youngBushisindangerofrepeatingtheelderBush'smistakes[C]fightinganotherwardoesnothelptheslumpingeconomy[D]publicsupportforBush'sworktakesanotherdip（３５）2009年12月英语六级阅读专项训练（４）Inrecentyears,wehaveallwatchedtheincreasingcommercializationofthecampus.Thenumerousadvertisingpostersandthegoldenarchesoffastfoodoutletsmaybeaninsulttoouraestheticsensibilities,buttheyare,arguably,noworsethanugly.Someoftheothernewfeaturesofcommercialized

102campuslifedo,however,constituteaseriousthreattothingswerightlyrespect."Privatization"andthe"businessmodel"arethepotentialmenace.Whatdothesenotionsmean?Tome,theyinvolveanincreased第50页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解dependenceonindustryandcharitableactionsforoperatingtheuniversity;anincreasedamountofourresourcesbeingdirectedtoappliedorso-calledpracticalSubjects,bothinteachingandinresearch;aproprietary(所有权的，所有人的)treatmentofresearchresults,withthecommercialinterestinsecrecyoverridingthepublic'sinterestinfree,sharedknowledge;andanattempttoruntheuniversitymorelikeabusinessthattreatsindustryandstudentsasclientsandourselvesasserviceproviderswithsomethingtosell.Wepayincreasingattentiontotheimmediateneedsanddemandsofour"customers"and,astheoldsayinggoes,"thecustomerisalwaysright".Privatizationisparticularlyfrighteningfromthepointofviewofpublicwell-being.Aresearcheremployedbyauniversity-affiliatedhospitalinCanada,workingunder

103contractwithamedicine-makingcompany,madepublicherfindingsthataparticulardrugwasharmful.Thisviolatedthetermsofhercontract,andsoshewasfired.Herdismissalcausedascandal,andshewassubsequentlyrestoredtoherpreviousposition.Theuniversityandhospitalinquestionarenowworkingoutsomethingsimilartotenure(终身任职)forhospital-basedresearchersandguidelinesforcontracts,sothatmorepublicexposureofprivatelyfundedresearchwillbecomepossible.Thisisararevictoryandasmallstepintherightdirection,butthegeneraltrendistheotherway.Thankstoprofit-drivenprivatefunding,researchersarenotonlyforcedtokeepvaluableinformationsecret,theyareoftencontractuallyobligedtokeepdiscovereddangerstopublichealthunderwraps,too.Ofcourse,wemustnotbetoonaiveaboutthis.Governmentscanunwiselyinsistonsecrecy,too,asdidtheBritishMinistryofAgriculture,Fisheries,andFoodintheworktheyfundedinconnectionwiththebovinespongiformencephalopathy(牛脑海绵体病)epidemic.Thispreventedothersfromreviewingtherelevant,dataandpointingoutthatproblemsweremoreserousthangovernmentwaslettingon.57.Fromthefirstparagraphwecanlearnthatthecampuslifehasbecome[A]more

104convenient[B]ratherugly[C]somewhatharmful[D]nomoreaestheticthanbefore58."Privatization"andthe"businessmodel"inthispassagemostprobablymean[A]potentialmenacetolife[B]newfeaturesofcampuslife[C]newtrendoncampus[D]dependenceonindustryandcharities59.Theauthorbelievesthatweshouldpay[A]littleattentiontoappliedsubjects[B]dueattentiontothepublicinterestinfree,sharedknowledge第51页共52页羽天全国英语六级阅读理解[C]moreattentiontotheimmediateneedsanddemandsofourcustomers[D]considerableattentiontothecommercialinterestinthesecrecyofresearchresults60.Theresearchermentionedinthethird.paragraphwasfiredbecause[A]sheworkedfortherivalofthecompany[B]shefailedtokeepherresearchresultssecret[C]shewasobligedtokeepherdiscoveriessecret[D]shewascommittedtoacontractwithacompany61.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat[A]thegeneralpublicistoonaivetoacceptthe"privatization"[B]thenotionthat"thecustomerisalwaysright"isoutofdate[C]itisageneraltrendthattherewillbe

105morepublicdisclosureofprivatelyfundedresearch[D]thebovinespongiformencephalopathyepidemicinBritainwasmore阅读专项35篇【附】【1】【5】【9】【13】【17】【21】【25】【29】【33】CADBC【2】CCCBA【6】ACDDD【10】BCDAD【14】DACCD【18】BDABD【22】CABDC【26】CABAB【30】DCABA34】DCAAB【3】：DDCAC【7】CBCCD【11】AAABA【15】BCDAC【19】BAACB【23】BDCCA【27】CABAB【31】ACDBA【35】DCBCB【4】ABDDB【8】CBBAC【12】DAAAA【16】【CDADBCDADADADDD】AAADD]CDDADBCADDBCADDBACＢＤBCADD【20】[BCDAA【24】BDCCA【28】BACAD【32】CBBDDseriousthanwhatwasdisclosed第52页共52页1