新疆喀什二中2021-2022学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题Word版含解析

《新疆喀什二中2021-2022学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题Word版含解析》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

喀什第二中学2021-2022学年度高一上学期期中质量监测英语试卷注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡的指定位置上。2.答题时使用0.5毫米的黑色中性（签字）笔或碳素笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3.请按照题号在各题的答题区城（黑色线框）内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。4.保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFourInterestingScienceMuseumsPolytechnicMuseum,RussiaFormanyguestsofthecapital,someofthemostvividchildhoodmemoriesareassociatedwiththismuseum.Avarietyoftechnicalfieldsarepresentedin65halls-Mining,Space,Energy,andTransportation,etc.Andtheexposition（博览会）istheonlymuseumprojectinRussiaaboutthehistoryofthebike.Theinteractivedivision"Technoplay"isopen,whereyounotonlycanbutalsoneedtouchmostoftheexhibitswithyourhands.Inadditiontoself-experimentation,forpersonalrequeststhemuseum'sexpertswillshowmanyentertainingexperiments.Eureka,EnglandTheEurekaeducationalcenterisahugecomplexwheremodernscienceandtechnologyarebecomingclear,eventokids.Themainexhibitionisdevotedtothehumanbody,thelawsofphysicsandnaturalthings.Visitorscanobtainenergyorcreatepaperwiththeirownhands.OntheareaoftheEurekaeducationalparkthereisabotanicalgardenandacollectionofmineralsfromtherocktypesofFinlandispresentedthere.DeutschesMuseum,GermanyInthismuseumyoucanseemorethan100thousanddifferentitemsfromwindmills（风车）tomedicalequipment.Allaspectsofindustrialproductionappearbeforetheeyes.Severalmuseumroomsarearrangedespeciallyforchildren-thereareexhibitsthatentertainkidsstartingfromthree.NEMO,theNetherlandsThelargestDutchresearchcentrestandsreadytoshareitssecretswitheveryone.Thisimmersion（沉浸）in

1theworldofscienceandtechnologywillnotbedull.Allsignificantinformationispresentedintheformofexcitinggames.Allexhibitsareinteractive;visitorsareallowedtotouch,pullandpressonanything.Themuseumisforchildrenfrom6to16,aswellasfortheirparents-itwillbeinterestingtoall.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoatPolytechnicMuseum?A.Learnhowthebikedeveloped.B.Touchalloftheexhibits.C.Watchentertainingmovies.D.Showentertainingexperiments.2.Whereshouldvisitorsgoiftheyareinterestedinplants?A.PolytechnicMuseum.B.Eureka.C.DeutschesMuseum.D.NEMO.3WhatmakesNEMOunique?A.Itisspeciallydesignedforchildren.B.Itisthelargestmuseumintheworld.C.Itshowsinformationofexhibitsingames.D.Someexhibitscanbetouchedorpressed.BOnesummerduringhighschool,mymomvolunteeredmetohelpGrandparesearchourfamilytree.Great,Ithought,imagininghoursspentpawingthroughdusty,rottingboxesandlisteningtoboringstoriesaboutpeopleIdidn'tknow."You'llbesurprised,"mymompromised,"Familyhistoriescanbeveryinteresting."Intruth,Grandpadidn'twanttolimitmyworktojustresearch,hopingtoalsopreserveourfamilymemories.He'ddiscoveredacomputerprogramthathelpsdigitallyscanoldpicturesandletterstopreservetheircontentsbeforetheycrumblefromoldage.Grandpawantedmetohelphimconnectthescannerandsetupthecomputerprogram.Ilecouldtypedocumentsandsendemails,buthadneverusedascanner.Soonafter,Ibecamefascinatedwithmyrelatives'lives.IaskedGrandpatotellthestorybehindeverypictureandletterwescanned.Thestories,whichturnedoutnottobeboringatall,helpedmenotonlyunderstandbutalsorelatetomyrelatives.IbecamesohungryformoreinformationthatGrandpaneededadditionalpropstokeepmesatisfied.Heshowedmeachestfilledwithrandomstuff,allcoveredindust.Perusingthroughtheirbelongings,IfeltIwasopeningawindowintotheworldofmyrelatives,aworldlongsincegone.GrandpashowedmeabundleoflettershehadsenttoGrandmafromthefrontlinesofWorldWarIIandIcouldalmostsmellthegunpowder.Iturnedthepagesofmygreat-grandmother'srecipebookandcouldpicturehercookinginherkitchen.Allofthepeoplewhohadbeenmerelynamestomenowhadfacestomatch.

2Later,Grandpaadmitted,"Iprobablycouldhavedonethisprojectmyself.Ijustwantedsomeonetoshareitwith."Ican'tthankhimenoughforsharingtheexperienceandmakingmeappreciatethefamilymemberswhohavemademethepersonIam.Iwillcherishfamilymemoriesandhopethatsomedaywillbeabletopassthemdowntomyowngrandchildren.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor'sfirstimpressionofresearch?A.Delightful.B.Tiresome.C.Surprising.D.Interesting5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"crumble"inparagraph2probablymean?A.Cometolife.B.Tearapart.C.Falltopieces.D.Breakthrough.6.WhydidGrandpagivetheauthorachest?A.Toshowhimabundleofletters.B.Tokeephimawayfromboredom.CTogivehimsomethingtosortout.D.Tofulfillhisdesiretoknowmore.7.WhatcanwelearnaboutGrandpafromthepassage?A.Heusedtoserveinthearmy.B.Heknewnothingaboutcomputer.C.Heburiedthelettersundergunpowder.D.Helovedsharingwhathehadwithothers.CImaginethatthegenome(基因组)isabook.Thebookconsistsof23chapters,withthousandsofstoriesmadeupofparagraphs,wordsandlettersondifferentlevels.Thereareonebillionwordsinthebook,whichmakesitlongerthan500dictionaries.IfIreadthegenomeouttoyouattherateofonewordpersecondforeighthoursaday,itwouldtakemeacentury.IfIwroteoutthehumangenome,oneletterpermillimeter,mytextwouldbeaslongastheRiverDanube.Thisenormousdocument,however,allfitsinsidetheextremelysmallnucleus(核)ofatinycellthatfitseasilyupontheheadofapin(针尖).Theideaofthegenomeasabookisnot,strictlyspeaking,evenametaphor(比喻).Itistruetoagreatextent.Abookisapieceofdigitalinformation,writteninone-directionalformandcontrolledbyasystemthattranslatesasmallalphabet(字母表)oflettersintoalargedictionaryofmeaningsthroughtheorderof

3theirgroupings.Soisagenome.TheonlydifferenceisthatallEnglishbooksreadfromlefttoright,whilesomepartsofthegenomereadfromlefttoright,andsomefromrighttoleft,thoughneverbothatthesametime.WhileEnglishbooksarewritteninwordsofdifferentlengthsusingtwenty-sixletters,genomesarewrittenentirelyinthree-letterwords,usingonlyfourletters.Andinsteadofbeingwrittenonflatpages,theyarewrittenonlongchainsofDNAmolecules(分子).Thegenomeisaverycleverbook,becauseintherightconditionsitcanbothphotocopyitselfandreaditself.8.Whatfactsdoyouknowaboutthegenome?AIthas23chapters.B.Itisextremelylong.C.Itisinthecellnucleus.D.Itisonthepinhead.9.Inwhatsenseisthegenomelikeabook?A.Bothhavedigitalimages.B.Botharereadfromlefttoright.C.Botharegroupedbysubject.D.Bothhaveatranslationsystem.10.Whatcanweknowaboutgenomesfromparagraph3?A.Theyarenearlyofthesamelength.B.TheyaremadeupofDNA.C.Theycanreproduceeachother.D.Theyarewrittenonflatpages.11.Whydidthewritermakeacomparisonofthegenometoabook?A.Tofocusonthedifferences.B.Toemphasizethesimilarities.C.Tosimplifytheconcept.D.Togivedifferentdescription.DSometermite(白蚁)specieshavefiguredouthowtoenjoytheshelterofthehugecomplexneststhattheinsectsbuildwithoutcontributingtotheirconstruction.Theyavoidthefullangeroftheirbuilderhostsbybeingextremelyeasy-going.Animalsthatliveinthenestsofanotherspecieswithoutaffectingthemareknownasinquilines.Inquilinetermitesareuniqueamongtermitesinbeingunabletomaketheirownnests.Instead,theyliveinthehallwaysbuiltbyanothertermite,Constrictotermescyphergaster.Untilnow,ithasbeenunclearhowthetwopartieskeptpeacefulinsuchtightquartersbecausetermitesaretypicallyveryaggressivetowardsoutsiders.HelderHugoattheUniversityofKonstanzinGermanyandhiscolleaguescollectedConstrictotermescyphergaster’snestsintheBrazilianCerradoandbroughtthemintothelaboratory.Theythenplacedhostandtenant(房客)termitesineitheropenornarrowareasandusedvideototrackandrecordthewaysinwhichthetwospecies

4reactedtoeachother.Rightfromthestart,theinquiline’termitesmovedaroundlessthantheirhostsandinteractedlittlewiththem,eveninthemuchnarrowerarea.“Manytimes,”saysHugo,“whentwounrelatedgroupsareputtogetherinalimitedspace—suchasanexperimentalarea—theoutcomeisconflictwithlossesfrombothsides.”Butthatdidn’thappenhere.Despiteattacksfromhosttermites,thetenanttermiteswereobedient.Hostswouldbiteorattacktheinquilineswithstrongchemicals,buttheirtargetsneverrespondedinthesameway,choosingtoflee.Someignoredthehostscompletely.“Wedidnotexpectthattheywouldneverfightback,”saysHugo,notingthattheinquilinesarecapableofprotectingtheirownplacewithmouths.“Bypreventingconflictgoingworse,inquilinetermitesmayconsiderablyimprovetheirchancesoflivingtogetherwiththeirhosttermitespeacefully.”“Passivenessdoesnotnecessarilyleadtodefeat,butcanbeaveryusefulstrategy,savingenergyandresources,”sheadds.“Naturemaynotalwaysberedintoothandclaw,andaggressionisnotanymoresuccessfulastrategythan‘cowardice’(儒弱).”12.Whatisthefeatureoftheinquilinetermites?A.Theyliveinanothertermitespecies’nests.B.Theyareaggressivetowardsoutsiders.C.Theyliketobuildtheirownnests.D.Theyarecommunicativetenants.13.Whatdoyoulearnabouttheexperimentinparagraph3?A.Thedifferencesbetweenthetwospecies.BThefindingsoftheobservation.C.Thelivinghabitsoftermites.D.Theprocessoftheresearch.14.WhatdoesHugothinkoftheinquilinetermites’livingstrategy?A.Aggressive.B.Unacceptable.C.Effective.D.Dangerous.15.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheCharacteristicsofTermitesB.PassivenessDoesn’tNecessarilyLeadtoDefeatC.TheRelationshipBetweenHostandTenantTermitesD.TermitesUseCowardicetoAvoidTheirHosts’Anger

5第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Swimmingcanbuildupyourmusclesandturnbacktheagingclock.___16___We'vegotthemrighthere.Divein.It'seasyontheimpact.___17___Theyneedtotakeiteasyontheirjoints.Butitmayalsomeanmoreresults."Youcanswimathigherintensitiesonaregularbasiswithoutfeelingwearandtearonyourbody,"Walton,ownerofanendurancetrainingstudioinNewYorkCity,says.Youcouldhaveasuperhardworkoutonedayandstillbeinthepoolthenext.It'sgreatforyourlungs.AstudyintheIndianJournalofPhysiologyandPharmacologyevenfoundthatswimmershadbettertidalvolume(theamountofairthatmovesinandoutofthelungsduringrelaxedbreathing)comparedtorunners.___18___Andasyou'llseenext,italsoleadstobetterrunningperformance.Itmakesyouabetterrunner.Byincreasingyourabilitytotakeinandeffectivelyuseoxygen,swimmingincreasesyourendurancecapacitylikecrazy,Waltonsays___19___Italsomeansyoucanrunfastermileaftermilewithoutgettingwinded.___20___Regularswimmersarebiologically20yearsyoungerthantheirdriver'slicencessaytheyare,accordingtoaresearchfromIndianaUniversity.Scientistssaythat,evenupuntilyour70thbirthday,swimmingaffectsbloodpressure,cholesterollevelsandbloodchemistrytobemuchmoresimilartothatofyouryoungerself.Whoneedsnightcream?A.Itturnsbacktheclock.B.Anyonecandoit.C.Doyouneedmorereasonstosuitup?D.Thisresultsinlowerrestingheartratesandlowerbloodpressure.E.Yes,thelowimpactmeansswimmingisagreatworkoutforinjuredathletesF.Swimmingisalifeskill.Itopensthedoorstoalotoffunstuff.G.That'sgreatnewsifyou'rehopingtocompleteyourfirsthalf-marathonthisyear.第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D

6四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Growingupinthe1960s,Iwastaughtfromanearlyagetosendahandwrittenthank-younoteexpressing___21___forkindness.Mymotherusedtobuymeaboxofpaperand___22___meintheartandvalueofsaying“thankyou”.She___23___toberight.Astudyshowedthatittookmostvolunteerslessthan5minutestowritethethank-younotes.Just5minutestomake___24___personfeel“overjoyed”!___25___,inour“instant”world,theideaofgettinganactualpenandwritinganactualnoteseemstonevercometomind.Wetendtodowhatis___26___forus—aquicktextoranemail.It’seasytousethe___27___ofbeingbusy,butevenverybusyand___28___businessmenfindtimeto___29___thank-younotes.Forexample,whenDougConantbecameCEOofCampbell’sSoup,thecompanyhad___30___halfofitsmarketvalueandmorale(士气)wasatanall-timelow.He___31___fixingthatbydoingsomesimplethingsthatareprobablynot___32___inanyMBAclass.Foronething,Conantwrotetoevery___33___.Hegainedtheirconfidenceand___34___,turnedthecompany___35___.InhistenyearsasCEO,Conantwroteover30,000notestoemployees.It’s___36___nottoaskhowhedidit.___37___,hehadmanyotherthingstodo___38___writingathank-younote.Conantmadetimefor___39___becauseheknewtheimpact(影响)eachonewouldhave.Anexpressionof___40___inthiscrazyworldstillmakesadifference.21.A.concernB.sympathyC.affectionD.appreciation22.A.consultB.instructC.answerD.impress23.A.remainedB.provedC.appearedD.claimed24.A.oneB.anyC.eachD.another25.A.YetB.ThereforeC.SoD.Otherwise26.A.specialB.necessaryC.convenientD.important27.A.caseB.excuseC.exampleD.situation28.A.humorousB.optimisticC.successfulD.experienced29.A.penB.receiveC.designD.deliver30.A.lostB.gainedC.developedD.damaged31.A.gaveupB.keptupC.setaboutD.worriedabout32.A.permittedB.taughtC.checkedD.tested33A.marketB.businessmanC.companyD.employee

734.A.personallyB.franklyC.naturallyD.occasionally35.A.upB.downC.awayD.around36.A.hardB.greatC.amazingD.disappointing37.A.AsusualB.InshortC.BythewayD.Afterall38.A.byB.inC.besidesD.without39.A.meB.itC.himD.them40.A.kindnessB.joyC.valueD.confidence第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Differentcountrieshavewildlydifferentformsofgreeting.IntheUSA,whenyoupassbysomeoneyouknow,anodisacceptable,andyouusuallyshakehandswithsomeoneyoufirstmeet.ButinLatincountries,afirmhandshake___41___(consider)rude.Inmyhomecountry,Mauritius,whenpeoplemeet,theyusuallykisseachother____42____thecheeks.ThisisalsocommoninFrance,____43____theactiscalledfairelabise.However,thisisnot___44___universalrule.DuringmyfirstweekintheUSA,IkissedeverysinglegirlImet.Myfriendshadtotellmethatthatwasinappropriate,___45___(leave)meingreatembarrassment.Whatiscommonhere,however,isforfriends_____46_____(hug)eachother–somethingIwasnotusedto.Hugsalwaysmakeme___47___(frighten)becauseIdon’treallylikethat.Thismayseemstrangesinceevenkissing___48___(stranger)isnormalinmycountry.NowthatIthinkaboutit,Ihatecheek-kissingaswell.Wouldn’titbe____49____(enjoy)tohaveagreetingcodethatis_____50_____(wide)acceptable?I’mnotsayingweshouldstartdoingthat,butwecansurelydosomethingtoavoidmisunderstanding.第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉，修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。LastSaturday,ItookpartinanEnglishspeechcompetitionholdbyourschool.Iwasreallyexcitedaboutit.Whenitwasmyturn,Iwalkedontothestage.Ifeltnervouslyandfrightenedwithsuchlargeacrowdlookingatme!

8IwasabouttogiveupasIsawmyfamilymembersseatedthere.Iregainedbeliefinmeatonce.Iwasannouncedasoneofthesecond-prizewinnerandallmyfamilytakegreatprideinmeformysuccess.Iamgladtohaveparticipatedincontest.Ilearntalotoffromthisexperience.IimprovedmyEnglishspeakingskills.Ialsolearntwhattofacepeoplebravelyandconfidently.第二节书面表达(满分25分)52.假定你是李华，某国外志愿者服务项目正在招募志愿者到欠发达国家宣传新冠病预防知识，你希望成为其中一员。请根据以下提示信息，给该项目的负责人MrWilson写一封申请信。1.介绍个人情况2.表明意愿3.期待早日回复注意：1.词数100左右；2.内容必须包括以上要点，可适当发挥。提示词汇：欠发达的less-developed；新冠病theCOVID-19喀什第二中学2021-2022学年度上学期期中质量监测高一英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡的指定位置上。2.答题时使用0.5毫米的黑色中性（签字）笔或碳素笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3.请按照题号在各题的答题区城（黑色线框）内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。4.保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFourInterestingScienceMuseumsPolytechnicMuseum,RussiaFormanyguestsofthecapital,someofthemostvividchildhoodmemoriesareassociatedwiththismuseum.Avarietyoftechnicalfieldsarepresentedin65halls-Mining,Space,Energy,andTransportation,etc.Andtheexposition（博览会）istheonlymuseumprojectinRussiaaboutthehistoryofthebike.Theinteractivedivision

9"Technoplay"isopen,whereyounotonlycanbutalsoneedtouchmostoftheexhibitswithyourhands.Inadditiontoself-experimentation,forpersonalrequeststhemuseum'sexpertswillshowmanyentertainingexperiments.Eureka,EnglandTheEurekaeducationalcenterisahugecomplexwheremodernscienceandtechnologyarebecomingclear,eventokids.Themainexhibitionisdevotedtothehumanbody,thelawsofphysicsandnaturalthings.Visitorscanobtainenergyorcreatepaperwiththeirownhands.OntheareaoftheEurekaeducationalparkthereisabotanicalgardenandacollectionofmineralsfromtherocktypesofFinlandispresentedthere.DeutschesMuseum,GermanyInthismuseumyoucanseemorethan100thousanddifferentitemsfromwindmills（风车）tomedicalequipment.Allaspectsofindustrialproductionappearbeforetheeyes.Severalmuseumroomsarearrangedespeciallyforchildren-thereareexhibitsthatentertainkidsstartingfromthree.NEMO,theNetherlandsThelargestDutchresearchcentrestandsreadytoshareitssecretswitheveryone.Thisimmersion（沉浸）intheworldofscienceandtechnologywillnotbedull.Allsignificantinformationispresentedintheformofexcitinggames.Allexhibitsareinteractive;visitorsareallowedtotouch,pullandpressonanything.Themuseumisforchildrenfrom6to16,aswellasfortheirparents-itwillbeinterestingtoall.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoatPolytechnicMuseum?A.Learnhowthebikedeveloped.B.Touchalloftheexhibits.C.Watchentertainingmovies.D.Showentertainingexperiments.2.Whereshouldvisitorsgoiftheyareinterestedinplants?A.PolytechnicMuseum.B.Eureka.C.DeutschesMuseum.D.NEMO.3.WhatmakesNEMOunique?A.Itisspeciallydesignedforchildren.B.Itisthelargestmuseumintheworld.C.Itshowsinformationofexhibitsingames.D.Someexhibitscanbetouchedorpressed.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四家有趣的科学博物馆。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据PolytechnicMuseum,Russia部分的“Andtheexpositionistheonlymuseum

10projectinRussiaaboutthehistoryofthebike.”可知，而此次博览会是俄罗斯唯一一个关于自行车历史的博物馆项目。在PolytechnicMuseum这家博物馆，游客可以了解自行车的发展历史，故选A。2.细节理解题。根据Eureka，England部分的“OntheareaoftheEurekaeducationalparkthereisabotanicalgarden”可知，尤里卡教育公园有一个植物园。由此可知，如果游客对植物感兴趣，他们应该去Eureka，故选B。3.细节理解题。根据NEMO，theNetherlands部分的“Allsignificantinformationispresentedintheformofexcitinggames.”可知，所有重要信息都以激动人心的游戏形式呈现。所以使NEMO独特的是这家博物馆给孩子提供寓教于乐的参观方式，故选C。BOnesummerduringhighschool,mymomvolunteeredmetohelpGrandparesearchourfamilytree.Great,Ithought,imagininghoursspentpawingthroughdusty,rottingboxesandlisteningtoboringstoriesaboutpeopleIdidn'tknow."You'llbesurprised,"mymompromised,"Familyhistoriescanbeveryinteresting."Intruth,Grandpadidn'twanttolimitmyworktojustresearch,hopingtoalsopreserveourfamilymemories.He'ddiscoveredacomputerprogramthathelpsdigitallyscanoldpicturesandletterstopreservetheircontentsbeforetheycrumblefromoldage.Grandpawantedmetohelphimconnectthescannerandsetupthecomputerprogram.Ilecouldtypedocumentsandsendemails,buthadneverusedascanner.Soonafter,Ibecamefascinatedwithmyrelatives'lives.IaskedGrandpatotellthestorybehindeverypictureandletterwescanned.Thestories,whichturnedoutnottobeboringatall,helpedmenotonlyunderstandbutalsorelatetomyrelatives.IbecamesohungryformoreinformationthatGrandpaneededadditionalpropstokeepmesatisfied.Heshowedmeachestfilledwithrandomstuff,allcoveredindust.Perusingthroughtheirbelongings,IfeltIwasopeningawindowintotheworldofmyrelatives,aworldlongsincegone.GrandpashowedmeabundleoflettershehadsenttoGrandmafromthefrontlinesofWorldWarIIandIcouldalmostsmellthegunpowder.Iturnedthepagesofmygreat-grandmother'srecipebookandcouldpicturehercookinginherkitchen.Allofthepeoplewhohadbeenmerelynamestomenowhadfacestomatch.Later,Grandpaadmitted,"Iprobablycouldhavedonethisprojectmyself.Ijustwantedsomeonetoshareitwith."Ican'tthankhimenoughforsharingtheexperienceandmakingmeappreciatethefamilymemberswhohavemademethepersonIam.Iwillcherishfamilymemoriesandhopethatsomedaywillbeabletopassthemdowntomyowngrandchildren.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor'sfirstimpressionofresearch?A.Delightful.B.Tiresome.C.Surprising.D.Interesting

115.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"crumble"inparagraph2probablymean?A.Cometolife.B.Tearapart.C.Falltopieces.D.Breakthrough.6.WhydidGrandpagivetheauthorachest?A.Toshowhimabundleofletters.B.Tokeephimawayfromboredom.C.Togivehimsomethingtosortout.D.Tofulfillhisdesiretoknowmore.7.WhatcanwelearnaboutGrandpafromthepassage?A.Heusedtoserveinthearmy.B.Heknewnothingaboutcomputer.C.Heburiedthelettersundergunpowder.D.Helovedsharingwhathehadwithothers.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者在帮助爷爷研究自家家谱的过程中，发现了很多乐趣。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Great,Ithought,imagininghoursspentpawingthroughdusty,rottingboxesandlisteningtoboringstoriesaboutpeopleIdidn'tknow.(太好了，我想着，想象着我花了好几个小时翻看满是灰尘、腐烂的盒子，听着那些我不认识的人的无聊故事)”可知，作者对调查的第一印象是无聊。故选B。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段第二句中的“preservetheircontents(保留其内容)”可知，如果不使用技术手段来保留旧照片的内容，时间久了它们就会变成碎片而消失，所以此处是指在它们变成碎片之前保留旧照片的内容。由此推知，划线词意为“变成碎片”。故选C。6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段倒第二句“IbecamesohungryformoreinformationthatGrandpaneededadditionalpropstokeepmesatisfied.(我变得如此渴望了解更多的信息，以至于爷爷需要额外的道具来满足我)”可知，爷爷给作者了一个箱子是为了满足他想要了解更多的愿望。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“GrandpashowedmeabundleoflettershehadsenttoGrandmafromthefrontlinesofWorldWarIIandIcouldalmostsmellthegunpowder.(

12爷爷给我看了一捆他从第二次世界大战前线寄给奶奶的信，我几乎闻到了火药的味道)”可知，作者的爷爷曾经参加过军队。故选A。CImaginethatthegenome(基因组)isabook.Thebookconsistsof23chapters,withthousandsofstoriesmadeupofparagraphs,wordsandlettersondifferentlevels.Thereareonebillionwordsinthebook,whichmakesitlongerthan500dictionaries.IfIreadthegenomeouttoyouattherateofonewordpersecondforeighthoursaday,itwouldtakemeacentury.IfIwroteoutthehumangenome,oneletterpermillimeter,mytextwouldbeaslongastheRiverDanube.Thisenormousdocument,however,allfitsinsidetheextremelysmallnucleus(核)ofatinycellthatfitseasilyupontheheadofapin(针尖).Theideaofthegenomeasabookisnot,strictlyspeaking,evenametaphor(比喻).Itistruetoagreatextent.Abookisapieceofdigitalinformation,writteninone-directionalformandcontrolledbyasystemthattranslatesasmallalphabet(字母表)oflettersintoalargedictionaryofmeaningsthroughtheorderoftheirgroupings.Soisagenome.TheonlydifferenceisthatallEnglishbooksreadfromlefttoright,whilesomepartsofthegenomereadfromlefttoright,andsomefromrighttoleft,thoughneverbothatthesametime.WhileEnglishbooksarewritteninwordsofdifferentlengthsusingtwenty-sixletters,genomesarewrittenentirelyinthree-letterwords,usingonlyfourletters.Andinsteadofbeingwrittenonflatpages,theyarewrittenonlongchainsofDNAmolecules(分子).Thegenomeisaverycleverbook,becauseintherightconditionsitcanbothphotocopyitselfandreaditself.8.Whatfactsdoyouknowaboutthegenome?A.Ithas23chapters.B.Itisextremelylong.C.Itisinthecellnucleus.D.Itisonthepinhead.9.Inwhatsenseisthegenomelikeabook?A.Bothhavedigitalimages.B.Botharereadfromlefttoright.C.Botharegroupedbysubject.D.Bothhaveatranslationsystem.10.Whatcanweknowaboutgenomesfromparagraph3?A.Theyarenearlyofthesamelength.B.TheyaremadeupofDNA.C.Theycanreproduceeachother.D.Theyarewrittenonflatpages.11.Whydidthewritermakeacomparisonofthegenometoabook?A.Tofocusonthedifferences.B.Toemphasizethesimilarities.C.Tosimplifytheconcept.D.Togivedifferentdescription.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.C

13【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章用比喻的方法讲述了深奥的基因组的理论。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“IfIwroteoutthehumangenome,oneletterpermillimeter,mytextwouldbeaslongastheRiverDanube.Thisenormousdocument,however,allfitsinsidetheextremelysmallnucleus(核)ofatinycellthatfitseasilyupontheheadofapin(针尖).”（如果我写出人类基因组，每毫米一个字母，我的文本将有多瑙河那么长。然而，这份庞大的文件却都能装进一个极小细胞的极小细胞核里，而这个细胞核很容易就能装在大头针头上。）由此可知，关于基因组，它在细胞核中。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Abookisapieceofdigitalinformation,writteninone-directionalformandcontrolledbyasystemthattranslatesasmallalphabet(字母表)oflettersintoalargedictionaryofmeaningsthroughtheorderoftheirgroupings.Soisagenome.”（一本书是一种单向书写的数字信息，由一个系统控制，该系统根据字母组合的顺序，将一小部分字母翻译成一个庞大的意义词典。基因组也是如此。）由此可知，基因组就像一本书一样，两者都有翻译系统。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“WhileEnglishbooksarewritteninwordsofdifferentlengthsusingtwenty-sixletters,genomesarewrittenentirelyinthree-letterwords,usingonlyfourletters.”（英文书籍用26个字母写成不同长度的单词，而基因组则完全用3个字母写成单词，只用了4个字母。）由此可知，从第三段我们能了解到基因组几乎一样长。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Imaginethatthegenome(基因组)isabook.Thebookconsistsof23chapters,withthousandsofstoriesmadeupofparagraphs,wordsandlettersondifferentlevels.Thereareonebillionwordsinthebook,whichmakesitlongerthan500dictionaries.”（想象基因组是一本书。全书共23章，由不同层次的段落、单词和字母组成的成千上万个故事。这本书里有10亿个单词，比500本字典还长。）由此可知，作者要把基因组和一本书作比较是为了简化概念。故选C。DSometermite(白蚁)specieshavefiguredouthowtoenjoytheshelterofthehugecomplexneststhattheinsectsbuildwithoutcontributingtotheirconstructionTheyavoidthefullangeroftheirbuilderhostsbybeingextremelyeasy-going.Animalsthatliveinthenestsofanotherspecieswithoutaffectingthemareknownasinquilines.Inquiline

14termitesareuniqueamongtermitesinbeingunabletomaketheirownnests.Instead,theyliveinthehallwaysbuiltbyanothertermite,Constrictotermescyphergaster.Untilnow,ithasbeenunclearhowthetwopartieskeptpeacefulinsuchtightquartersbecausetermitesaretypicallyveryaggressivetowardsoutsiders.HelderHugoattheUniversityofKonstanzinGermanyandhiscolleaguescollectedConstrictotermescyphergaster’snestsintheBrazilianCerradoandbroughtthemintothelaboratory.Theythenplacedhostandtenant(房客)termitesineitheropenornarrowareasandusedvideototrackandrecordthewaysinwhichthetwospeciesreactedtoeachother.Rightfromthestart,theinquiline’termitesmovedaroundlessthantheirhostsandinteractedlittlewiththem,eveninthemuchnarrowerarea.“Manytimes,”saysHugo,“whentwounrelatedgroupsareputtogetherinalimitedspace—suchasanexperimentalarea—theoutcomeisconflictwithlossesfrombothsides.”Butthatdidn’thappenhere.Despiteattacksfromhosttermites,thetenanttermiteswereobedient.Hostswouldbiteorattacktheinquilineswithstrongchemicals,buttheirtargetsneverrespondedinthesameway,choosingtoflee.Someignoredthehostscompletely.“Wedidnotexpectthattheywouldneverfightback,”saysHugo,notingthattheinquilinesarecapableofprotectingtheirownplacewithmouths.“Bypreventingconflictgoingworse,inquilinetermitesmayconsiderablyimprovetheirchancesoflivingtogetherwiththeirhosttermitespeacefully.”“Passivenessdoesnotnecessarilyleadtodefeat,butcanbeaveryusefulstrategy,savingenergyandresources,”sheadds.“Naturemaynotalwaysberedintoothandclaw,andaggressionisnotanymoresuccessfulastrategythan‘cowardice’(儒弱).”12.Whatisthefeatureoftheinquilinetermites?A.Theyliveinanothertermitespecies’nests.B.Theyareaggressivetowardsoutsiders.C.Theyliketobuildtheirownnests.D.Theyarecommunicativetenants.13.Whatdoyoulearnabouttheexperimentinparagraph3?A.Thedifferencesbetweenthetwospecies.B.Thefindingsoftheobservation.C.Thelivinghabitsoftermites.D.Theprocessoftheresearch.14.WhatdoesHugothinkoftheinquilinetermites’livingstrategy?A.Aggressive.B.Unacceptable.C.Effective.D.Dangerous.

1515.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheCharacteristicsofTermitesB.PassivenessDoesn’tNecessarilyLeadtoDefeatC.TheRelationshipBetweenHostandTenantTermitesD.TermitesUseCowardicetoAvoidTheirHosts’Anger【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了寄居白蚁自己不筑巢，而是寄居在别的白蚁的巢穴中，这些白蚁用示弱来躲避巢穴主人的愤怒。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段关键句“Inquilinetermitesareuniqueamongtermitesinbeingunabletomaketheirownnests.Instead,theyliveinthehallwaysbuiltbyanothertermite,Constrictotermescyphergaster.”（在白蚁中，寄居白蚁是独特的，它们不能够自己筑巢。相反，它们生活在另一种白蚁Constrictotermescyphergaster建造的巢穴里。）可知，寄居白蚁是独特的，它们不能够自己筑巢，而是生活在另一种白蚁建造的巢穴中。由此可知，寄居白蚁的特征是它们生活在另一种白蚁的巢穴里。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“HelderHugoattheUniversityofKonstanzinGermanyandhiscolleaguescollectedConstrictotermescyphergaster’snestsintheBrazilianCerradoandbroughtthemintothelaboratory.Theythenplacedhostandtenant(房客)termitesineitheropenornarrowareasandusedvideototrackandrecordthewaysinwhichthetwospeciesreactedtoeachother.”（德国康斯坦茨大学的赫尔德·雨果和他的同事们在巴西塞拉多收集了Constrictotermescyphergaster的巢穴，并把它们带进了实验室。然后，他们将主人和房客白蚁放置在开阔或狭窄的区域，并用视频追踪和记录这两种白蚁相互反应的方式。）可知，本段主要介绍的是研究的过程，首先把收集到的巢穴带进实验室，然后将主人和房客白蚁放置在开阔或狭窄的区域，并用视频追踪和记录这两种白蚁相互反应的方式。由此可知，在第三段中我们了解到了实验研究的过程。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段关键句“Despiteattacksfromhosttermites,thetenanttermiteswereobedient.Hostswouldbiteorattacktheinquilineswithstrongchemicals,buttheirtargetsneverrespondedinthesameway,choosingtoflee.Someignoredthehostscompletely.”（尽管受到主人白蚁的攻击，房客白蚁还是听话的。主人会用强烈的化学物质叮咬或攻击寄生白蚁，但它们的目标从来没有做出同样的反应，而是选择逃跑。有些完全忽视了主人。）可知，面对主人的攻击，寄生白蚁选择逃跑。根据文章最后一段内容““Passivenessdoes

16notnecessarilyleadtodefeat,butcanbeaveryusefulstrategy,savingenergyandresources,”sheadds.“Naturemaynotalwaysberedintoothandclaw,andaggressionisnotanymoresuccessfulastrategythan‘cowardice’(儒弱).””（“被动不一定会导致失败，但可以是一个非常有用的战略，节省能源和资源，”她补充说。“大自然未必总是红的牙齿和爪子，侵略也不是比‘懦弱’更成功的策略。”）可知，在雨果看来，寄生白蚁逃跑的被动反应是一个非常有用的战略。由此可知，雨果认为寄生白蚁的生存策略是有效的。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。分析文章内容，结合第二段关键句“Inquilinetermitesareuniqueamongtermitesinbeingunabletomaketheirownnests.Instead,theyliveinthehallwaysbuiltbyanothertermite,Constrictotermescyphergaster.”（在白蚁中，寄居白蚁是独特的，它们不能够自己筑巢。相反，它们生活在另一种白蚁Constrictotermescyphergaster建造的走廊里。）和第四段关键句“Despiteattacksfromhosttermites,thetenanttermiteswereobedient.Hostswouldbiteorattacktheinquilineswithstrongchemicals,buttheirtargetsneverrespondedinthesameway,choosingtoflee.Someignoredthehostscompletely.”（尽管受到主人白蚁的攻击，房客白蚁还是听话的。主人会用强烈的化学物质叮咬或攻击寄生白蚁，但它们的目标从来没有做出同样的反应，而是选择逃跑。有些完全忽视了主人。）可知，文章主要讲述了寄居白蚁独特的生存方式，他们不能够自己筑巢，而是生活在另一种白蚁建造的巢穴中，并且利用自己的“懦弱”来避免和巢穴主人发生冲突，以实现居住的目的。“TermitesUseCowardicetoAvoidTheirHosts’Anger”意为“白蚁用怯懦来躲避主人的愤怒”，为短文最佳标题。故选D项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Swimmingcanbuildupyourmusclesandturnbacktheagingclock___16___We'vegotthemrighthere.Divein.It'seasyontheimpact.___17___Theyneedtotakeiteasyontheirjoints.Butitmayalsomeanmoreresults."Youcanswimathigherintensitiesonaregularbasiswithoutfeelingwearandtearonyourbody,"Walton,ownerofanendurancetrainingstudioinNewYorkCity,says.Youcouldhaveasuperhardworkoutonedayandstillbeinthepoolthenext.It'sgreatforyourlungs.AstudyintheIndianJournalofPhysiologyandPharmacologyevenfoundthatswimmershadbettertidalvolume(theamountofairthatmovesinandoutofthelungsduringrelaxedbreathing)comparedtorunners.___18___Andasyou'llseenext,italsoleadstobetterrunningperformance.Itmakesyouabetterrunner.

17Byincreasingyourabilitytotakeinandeffectivelyuseoxygen,swimmingincreasesyourendurancecapacitylikecrazy,Waltonsays___19___Italsomeansyoucanrunfastermileaftermilewithoutgettingwinded.___20___Regularswimmersarebiologically20yearsyoungerthantheirdriver'slicencessaytheyare,accordingtoaresearchfromIndianaUniversity.Scientistssaythat,evenupuntilyour70thbirthday,swimmingaffectsbloodpressure,cholesterollevelsandbloodchemistrytobemuchmoresimilartothatofyouryoungerself.Whoneedsnightcream?A.Itturnsbacktheclock.B.Anyonecandoit.C.Doyouneedmorereasonstosuitup?D.Thisresultsinlowerrestingheartratesandlowerbloodpressure.E.Yes,thelowimpactmeansswimmingisagreatworkoutforinjuredathletesF.Swimmingisalifeskill.Itopensthedoorstoalotoffunstuff.G.That'sgreatnewsifyou'rehopingtocompleteyourfirsthalf-marathonthisyear.【答案】16.C17.E18.D19.G20.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了游泳有好处的原因。【16题详解】上一句提到“游泳可以增强你的肌肉，使衰老的时钟倒转。”说明了游泳的好处，承接上文，C选项“你还需要更多的理由吗”切题。紧接着下一句“原因就在下面”，引出建议游泳的原因，该选项中的morereasons对应下文中的them。故选C项。【17题详解】由第一个标题“It'seasyontheimpact.”它的冲击力小，E选项“低冲击意味着游泳是一个对于受伤运动员来说很好的锻炼”切题，标题的impact对应E选项中的impact。下文中的“你可以定期进行高强度的游泳，而不会感到身体的疲劳和撕裂”承接下文，故选E项。【18题详解】上一句提到“研究发现游泳者比跑步者有更好的肺活量”，所以这导致了较低的静息心率和较低的血压。肺活量和心率血压都有关系。D选项承接上文，故选D项。【19题详解】下一句提到“这也意味着你可以一英里接着一英里跑得更快而不会喘不过气来。”，G选项中的half-marathon马拉松和跑步有关系，所以G选项承接下文，同时标题也提到了关键词runner，故选G项。

18【20题详解】第五个标题后文章说到“研究表明，一般游泳者的生理年龄比他们驾照上写的要小20岁，”，对应A选项“时光倒流”，游泳能让人更年轻，故选A项。第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Growingupinthe1960s,Iwastaughtfromanearlyagetosendahandwrittenthank-younoteexpressing___21___forkindness.Mymotherusedtobuymeaboxofpaperand___22___meintheartandvalueofsaying“thankyou”.She___23___toberight.Astudyshowedthatittookmostvolunteerslessthan5minutestowritethethank-younotes.Just5minutestomake___24___personfeel“overjoyed”!___25___,inour“instant”world,theideaofgettinganactualpenandwritinganactualnoteseemstonevercometomind.Wetendtodowhatis___26___forus—aquicktextoranemail.It’seasytousethe___27___ofbeingbusy,butevenverybusyand___28___businessmenfindtimeto___29___thank-younotes.Forexample,whenDougConantbecameCEOofCampbell’sSoup,thecompanyhad___30___halfofitsmarketvalueandmorale(士气)wasatanall-timelow.He___31___fixingthatbydoingsomesimplethingsthatareprobablynot___32___inanyMBAclass.Foronething,Conantwrotetoevery___33___.Hegainedtheirconfidenceand___34___,turnedthecompany___35___.InhistenyearsasCEO,Conantwroteover30,000notestoemployees.It’s___36___nottoaskhowhedidit.___37___,hehadmanyotherthingstodo___38___writingathank-younote.Conantmadetimefor___39___becauseheknewtheimpact(影响)eachonewouldhave.Anexpressionof___40___inthiscrazyworldstillmakesadifference.21.A.concernB.sympathyC.affectionD.appreciation22.A.consultB.instructC.answerD.impress23.A.remainedB.provedC.appearedD.claimed24.A.oneB.anyC.eachD.another25.A.YetB.ThereforeC.SoD.Otherwise26.A.specialB.necessaryC.convenientD.important27.A.caseB.excuseC.exampleD.situation28.A.humorousB.optimisticC.successfulD.experienced

1929.A.penB.receiveC.designD.deliver30.A.lostB.gainedC.developedD.damaged31.A.gaveupB.keptupC.setaboutD.worriedabout32.A.permittedB.taughtC.checkedD.tested33.A.marketB.businessmanC.companyD.employee34.A.personallyB.franklyC.naturallyD.occasionally35.A.upB.downC.awayD.around36.A.hardB.greatC.amazingD.disappointing37.A.AsusualB.InshortC.BythewayD.Afterall38.A.byB.inC.besidesD.without39.A.meB.itC.himD.them40.A.kindnessB.joyC.valueD.confidence【答案】21.D22.B23.B24.D25.A26.C27.B28.C29.A30.A31.C32.B33.D34.C35.D36.A37.D38.C39.B40.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，人们总是以太忙为借口而没有时间写感谢信，但成功的人总会腾出时间写感谢信，在担任CEO的十年里，Conant给员工共写了三万多封感谢信，作者由此告诉我们：在这个疯狂的世界里，善意的表达仍然会产生影响。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.concern关心；B.sympathy同情；C.affection喜爱；D.appreciation感激、欣赏。根据本空前的“sendahandwrittenthank-younoteexpressing”可知，发一封手写的感谢写信是为了表达感激之情，故D选项切题。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.consult商议；B.instruct指导、教授；C.answer回答；D.impress给某人留下深刻印象。根据本空后的“meintheartandvalueofsaying“thankyou”.”可知，妈妈教我说“谢谢”的艺术和价值，故B选项切题。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.remained保持；B.proved证明；C.appeared出现；D.claimed声称。妈妈教我说“谢谢”的艺术和价值，事实证明她是对的，故B选项切题。【24题详解】考查代词词义辨析。A.one一个；B.any任何一个；C.each每一个；D.another另一个。根据本空后的“person

20feel“overjoyed”!”可知，只需要五分钟就能让另一个人喜出望外，故D选项切题。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。A.Yet然而、但是；B.Therefore因此；C.So所以；D.Otherwise否则。根据本空后的“inour“instant”world,theideaofgettinganactualpenandwritinganactualnoteseemstonevercometomind.”可知，然而，在这个瞬息之间的世界，似乎从没有过动笔写感谢信的想法，前后是转折关系，故A选项切题。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.special特别的；B.necessary必要的；C.convenient方便的；D.important重要的。根据本空后的“forus—aquicktextoranemail.”可知，我们总是做对我们来说方便的事情——发一个短信或一封电子邮件，故C选项切题。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.case情况；B.excuse借口；C.example例子；D.situation形势。根据本空后的“ofbeingbusy”可知，我们很容易以忙当借口，故B选项切题。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.humorous幽默的；B.optimistic乐观的；C.successful成功的；D.experienced经验丰富的。根据本空后的“businessmenfindtimeto…thank-younotes.Forexample,whenDougConantbecameCEOofCampbell’sSoup”可知，成功的人总能腾出时间写感谢信，故C选项切题。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.pen写；B.receive收到；C.design设计；D.deliver递送。根据后面Campbell的CEO的例子可知，成功的商人总能腾出时间写感谢信，故A选项切题。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.lost失去；B.gained获得；C.developed发展；D.damaged伤害。根据本空后的“halfofitsmarketvalueandmoralewasatanall-timelow.”可知，这家公司刚损失一半的市值，士气处于最低潮，故A选项切题。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。A.gaveup放弃；B.keptup保持、继续；C.setabout着手；D.worriedabout担心。根据本空后的“fixingthatbydoingsomesimplethingsthatareprobablynot…inanyMBAclass.”可知，他着手用MBA课上不曾教过的简单的方法来解决此事，故C选项切题。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.permitted允许；B.taught教；C.checked检查；D.tested测试。这些是MBA课上不曾教过的，故B选项切题。【33题详解】

21考查名词词义辨析。A.market市场；B.businessman商人；C.company公司；D.employee员工。根据下文中的“Conantwroteover30,000notestoemployees”可知，他给每一个员工写信，赢得了他们的信心，故D选项切题。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。A.personally亲自地；B.frankly坦白地；C.naturally自然地；D.occasionally偶尔。他赢得了员工的信心，自然地，公司的生意好转了，故C选项切题。【35题详解】考查固定短语。自然地，公司的生意好转了，turnaround表示“生意好转”，故D选项切题。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.hard困难的；B.great伟大的；C.amazing不可思议的；D.disappointing令人失望的。根据本空前的“InhistenyearsasCEO,Conantwroteover30,000notestoemployees.”可知，在担任CEO的十年里，Conant给员工共写了三万多封感谢信，很难不去问他是怎么做到的，故A选项切题。【37题详解】考查介词短语辨析。A.Asusual像往常一样；B.Inshort总之；C.Bytheway顺便说；D.Afterall毕竟。根据本空后的“hehadmanyotherthingstodo”可知，毕竟，除了写感谢信，他还有很多事情要做，故D选项切题。【38题详解】考查介词词义辨析。A.by凭借；B.in在……内；C.besides除了；D.without没有。除了写感谢信，Conant还有很多事情要做，故C选项切题。【39题详解】考查代词词义辨析。A.me我；B.it它；C.him他；D.them他们。Conant为写感谢信留出时间，此处指writingathank-younote，故B选项切题。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.kindness善良、好意；B.joy快乐；C.value价值；D.confidence自信。根据本空后的“inthiscrazyworldstillmakesadifference.”可知，在这个疯狂的世界里，善意的表达仍然会产生影响，故A选项切题。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Differentcountrieshavewildlydifferentformsofgreeting.IntheUSA,whenyoupassbysomeoneyouknow,anodisacceptable,andyouusuallyshakehandswithsomeoneyoufirstmeet.ButinLatincountries,afirmhandshake___41___(consider)rude.Inmyhomecountry,

22Mauritius,whenpeoplemeet,theyusuallykisseachother____42____thecheeks.ThisisalsocommoninFrance,____43____theactiscalledfairelabise.However,thisisnot___44___universalrule.DuringmyfirstweekintheUSA,IkissedeverysinglegirlImet.Myfriendshadtotellmethatthatwasinappropriate,___45___(leave)meingreatembarrassment.Whatiscommonhere,however,isforfriends_____46_____(hug)eachother–somethingIwasnotusedto.Hugsalwaysmakeme___47___(frighten)becauseIdon’treallylikethat.Thismayseemstrangesinceevenkissing___48___(stranger)isnormalinmycountry.NowthatIthinkaboutit,Ihatecheek-kissingaswell.Wouldn’titbe____49____(enjoy)tohaveagreetingcodethatis_____50_____(wide)acceptable?I’mnotsayingweshouldstartdoingthat,butwecansurelydosomethingtoavoidmisunderstanding.【答案】41.isconsidered42.on43.where44.a45.leaving46tohug47.frightened48.strangers49.enjoyable50.widely【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。作者通过自己的亲身经历和例子讲述了不同的国家有非常不同的问候方式。【41题详解】考查时态语态。句中主语afirmhandshake和动词consider是被动关系，此处作谓语用被动语态。表示客观事实，与上下文一致用一般现在时。故填isconsidered。【42题详解】考查介词。此处指亲吻对方的脸颊，在脸上用介词on。故填on。【43题详解】考查定语从句。句中包含定语从句，先行词是France，在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导，故填where。【44题详解】考查冠词。句中rule是可数名词单数形式，此处表示一种普遍的规律，universal开头是辅音因素，故填a。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词，此处用非谓语。前面句子与动词leave是主动关系，用现在分词作结果状语，故填leaving。

23【46题详解】考查动词不定式。句中Whatiscommonhere是主语从句，此处强调具体的动作用不定式作表语。故填tohug。【47题详解】考查形容词。句意：拥抱总是让我很害怕，因为我不喜欢拥抱。修饰人用-ed结尾的形容词，故填frightened。【48题详解】考查名词。stranger是单数可数名词，此处表示泛指用复数形式，故填strangers。【49题详解】考查形容词。句意：有一个被广泛接受的问候代码不是很令人愉快吗?此处表示“令人愉快的”用形容词作表语，故填enjoyable。【50题详解】考查副词。修饰形容词acceptable用副词，指广泛接受的，故填widely。第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉，修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。LastSaturday,ItookpartinanEnglishspeechcompetitionholdbyourschool.Iwasreallyexcitedaboutit.Whenitwasmyturn,Iwalkedontothestage.Ifeltnervouslyandfrightenedwithsuchlargeacrowdlookingatme!IwasabouttogiveupasIsawmyfamilymembersseatedthere.Iregainedbeliefinmeatonce.Iwasannouncedasoneofthesecond-prizewinnerandallmyfamilytakegreatprideinmeformysuccess.Iamgladtohaveparticipatedincontest.Ilearntalotoffromthisexperience.IimprovedmyEnglishspeakingskills.Ialsolearntwhattofacepeoplebravelyandconfidently.【答案】1.hold→held2.nervously→nervous3.such→so4.as→when5.me→myself

246.winner→winners7.take→took8.in后加the9.去掉lot后的of10.what→how【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者参加学校英语演讲比赛的经历和感受。【详解】1.考查过去分词。句意：上周六，我参加了学校举办的英语演讲比赛。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词，anEnglishspeechcompetition和hold之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应该用过去分词作后置定语；hold是不规则变化动词，过去分词为held。故将hold改为held。2.考查形容词。句意：这么多人看着我，我感到紧张和害怕!在系动词feel后，应该接形容词作表语。故将nervously改为nervous。3.考查副词。句意：这么多人看着我，我感到紧张和害怕!修饰形容词large，应该用副词so；此处是“so+形容词+a+单数可数名词”结构。故将such改为so。4.考查从属连词。句意：就在我正要放弃的时候，我看到我的家人坐在那里。此处是短语beabouttodo…when“正要做……这时……”。故将as改为when。5.考查代词。句意：我立刻重新有了自信。主语是I，介词宾语和主语所指相同，应该用相应的反身代词myself。故将me改为myself。6.考查可数名词单复数。句意：我被宣布是二等奖获得者之一。“oneof…”表示“……之一”，后面接可数名词的复数形式。故将winner改为winners。7.考查时态。句意：我所有的家人都为我的成功感到骄傲。全文叙述的是过去发生事情，用一般过去时，此句也应该用一般过去时；take是不规则变化动词，过去式为took。故将take改为took。8.考查冠词。句意：我很高兴参加了这次比赛。此处用定冠词the指上文提到的英语演讲比赛。故in后加the。9.考查固定短语。句意：我从这次经历中学到了很多。alotof表示“许多……”后接名词；此处是修饰句子的谓语动词learned，应该用alot。故去掉lot后的of。10.考查疑问词。句意：我也学会了如何勇敢自信地面对人。此处是“疑问词+不定式”结构；根据句意，应该用疑问词how，意思为“如何（面对人）”。故将what改为how。第二节书面表达(满分25分)52.假定你是李华，某国外志愿者服务项目正在招募志愿者到欠发达国家宣传新冠病预防知识，你希望成为其中一员。请根据以下提示信息，给该项目的负责人MrWilson写一封申请信。

251.介绍个人情况2.表明意愿3.期待早日回复注意：1.词数100左右；2.内容必须包括以上要点，可适当发挥。提示词汇：欠发达的less-developed；新冠病theCOVID-19【答案】DearMr.Wilson,LearningfromtheInternetthatyouarelookingforsomevolunteerstogotosomeless-developedcountriestospreadtheknowledgeofhowtopreventtheCOVID-19,Iaminterestedinit.Therefore,Iamwritingtoapplytobeavolunteer.IamLiHua,acollegestudentfromChina.IthinkIamqualifiedforthejob.Thereasonsareasfollows.Firstly,whentheCOVID-19hitChina,Iservedasavolunteerinmycommunity,witnessingtheeffectivemeasurestakenbythegovernment.Thus,Ihaveexperience.Besides,ImajorinEnglish,sothereisnolanguagebarrierformecommunicatewithforeigners.What’smore,Iameasy-goingandenthusiastic,whichcanhelpmetogetalongwellwithdifferentpeople.IbelieveIcandoitwell.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyapplicationintoconsideration.Givemeachance,andIwillgiveyouasurprise.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给MrWilson写一封申请信，希望成为新冠病预防知识的一名志愿者。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。结构：总分总法要求：1.介绍个人情况；2.表明意愿；3.期待早日回复。第二步:列提纲（重点词组）

26lookfor；spreadtheknowledgeof；beinterestedin；applyto；bequalifiedfor；asfollows；serveas；majorin；communicatewith；getalongwellwith；take…intoconsideration；lookforwardto第三步：连词成句1.LearningfromtheInternetthatyouarelookingforsomevolunteerstogotosomeless-developedcountriestospreadtheknowledgeofhowtopreventtheCOVID-19,Iaminterestedinit.2.Therefore,Iamwritingtoapplytobeavolunteer.3.Firstly,whentheCOVID-19hitChina,Iservedasavolunteerinmycommunity,witnessingtheeffectivemeasurestakenbythegovernment.4.Thus,Ihaveexperience.5.Besides,ImajorinEnglish,sothereisnolanguagebarrierformecommunicatewithforeigners.6.What’smore,Iameasy-goingandenthusiastic,whichcanhelpmetogetalongwellwithdifferentpeople.7.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyapplicationintoconsideration.8.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：Firstly2.表并列补充关系：What’smore,Besides3.表因果关系：Thus,Therefore连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，【点睛】[高分句型1]LearningfromtheInternetthatyouarelookingforsomevolunteerstogotosomeless-developedcountriestospreadtheknowledgeofhowtopreventtheCOVID-19,Iaminterestedinit.(现在分词knowing作状语，that引导宾语从句)[高分句型2]Firstly,whentheCOVID-19hitChina,Iservedasavolunteerinmycommunity,witnessingtheeffectivemeasurestakenbythegovernment.(when引导时间状语从句，witnessing现在分词作状语)[高分句型3]What’smore,Iameasy-goingandenthusiastic,whichcanhelpmetogetalongwellwithdifferentpeople.(which引导非限制性定语从句)