2023届四川省凉山州高三下学期二诊考试英语试题 Word版含解析.docx

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凉山州2023届高中毕业班第二次诊断性检测英语试卷本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。第I卷(选择题)第1至6页,第II卷(非选择题)第7至8页,共计8页,满分150分,考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、座位号、准考证号用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔填写在答题卡上,并检查条形码粘贴是否正确。2.选择题使用2B铅笔涂在答题卡对应题目标号的位置上;非选择题用0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写在答题卡的对应框内,超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。3.考试结束后,将答题卡收回。第I卷第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanlikeforthedress?A.Itsmaterial.B.Itsdesign.C.Itssize.2.Howwillthemanpayforthecomputergame?A.Hewillpayforitonline.B.Hewillorderitbyphone.C.Hewillpayforitinastore.3.Whatistheseasonnow?A.It＇sfall.B.It＇swinter.C.It＇ssummer.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Apostoffice.B.Apostcard.C.Ahorse.5.Whydoesthewomanchangeherappointment?A.Becauseshechangeshermind.B.BecauseDr.Greenistoobusy.C.Becauseshewillmeetherfriends.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题。每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6和7题。6.Whatdidthewomanmentioninherreport?A.Theaddress.B.Theservice.C.Thestyle.7.Whichdishdoesthemanlikemost?A.Beef.B.Fish.C.Chicken.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inastore.B.Inahotel.C.Inalaundry.9.Whenisthesuitneeded?A.At3:00.B.At4:30.C.At5:00.10.Whatwillbesenttothemanlater?A.Anewspaper.B.Asuit.C.Hisbill.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。11.Howdoesthemanfeel?A.Satisfied.B.Proud.C.Frustrated.12.Inwhatwaydoesthewomanhelptheman?A.Byofferinghimanewjob.B.Byimprovinghisapplicationfiles.C.Bysendingapplicationlettersforhim.13.WhatdidthemanplayinRobinHood?A.Asillypart.B.Theleadingactor.C.Anunimportantrole.听第9段材料,回答第14至16题。14.Whoarethemaintargetcustomersoftheproduct?A.Businesspeople.B.Teachers.C.Foreignstudents.15.Howmanylanguagesdoestheproducttotallycontain?A6B.7C.816Whatisthewomandissatisfiedwithabouttheproduct? A.Itsfunction.B.Itsprice.C.Itssize.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthepurposeofthespeaker’stalk?A.Tointroducethecentertolisteners.B.Totelllistenerstoenjoythemselves.C.Toarrangeaholidayforthelisteners.18.Whatcanyouplayinthesportshall?A.Playvolleyball.B.Playbasketball.C.Playjazzmusic.19.Whatbenefitscanlistenersgetiftheyjoinnow?A.Afreefitnessprogram.B.Afreeswimminglesson.C.Aspecialprice.20.Howcanlistenersgetmoreinformation?A.Byclickingthewebsite.B.Bysendinganemail.C.Bycalling6188-325.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AApoetrycompetitionhasbeenlaunchedforpupils.Itinvitesyoungpeopletoreflectonthe“manywaysweareconnectedtotheuniverse”.Thecompetitionisaimedatpupilsaged4-18.Winnerswillreceivearangeofotherprizes,includingbooksandchocolate,pluscontinueddevelopmentandcoachingopportunitiesfromthePoetrySociety.Therulesareasfollows:1.Thecompetitionisfreetoenter.EntrieswillbeacceptedfromanywhereintheUK.EntriesfromoutsidetheUKarenotaccepted.Ifyouareaged4-12,yourparentswillneedtogivepermissionforyoutoenter.2.Yourentrymustbetheoriginalworkofthecreator.Yourworkisacceptedonthebasisthatthiswillbeitsfirstappearanceanywhereintheworld.3.PoemsmustbewritteninEnglishorWelsh,butyoucanincludephrasesinyourmothertongueoranotherlanguage.Poemsmustnotbelongerthan20lines.Youarefreetowriteinanystyleorform.4.YoumayentereitheronlineviawebsiteorbyposttothePoetrySociety,22BettertonStreet,London.Allonlineentriesmustbereceivedby23:59GMTon19December2022.Allpoemsenteredbypostmustbepost-datedonorbefore19December2022.Ifyouwouldliketoenteronline,pleasecontinuethroughtheonlinesystemonthiswebsite.Email AboutUspoetrysociety.orgifyouhaveproblemswithyoursubmission.1.Whatisthethemeofthecompetition?A.Reflectionontheenvironment.B.Connectiontotheuniverse.C.Youngpeople’spassionforpoetry.D.Nationalcelebrationofcreativity.2.Whatistheagerangeoftheparticipants?A.4-12.B.4-18.C.Over18.D.Below4.3.Whatshouldparticipantsdo,accordingtotherules?A.Entertheiroriginalworks.B.Payfortheirentries.C.Sendtheirpoemsbyemail.D.Asktheirparentsforpermission.【答案】1.B2.B3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一场诗歌比赛的详细信息和参赛细则。【1题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“Itinvitesyoungpeopletoreflectonthe“manywaysweareconnectedtotheuniverse”.(它邀请年轻人反思“我们与宇宙的许多联系方式”)”可知，比赛的主题与“宇宙的联系”有关。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“Thecompetitionisaimedatpupilsaged4-18.(比赛面向4-18岁的学生)”可知，参赛者的年龄范围是4-18岁。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。由第三段“2.Yourentrymustbetheoriginalworkofthecreator.(2.您的参赛作品必须是创作者的原创作品)”可知，参赛者应该提交他们的原创作品。故选A项。BManyAfricanpeoplehavealwaysdreamedthatonedaythecapitalsofallAfricancountrieswillbelinkedby high-speedrailwaylines.Nowtheyhaveonestepclosertorealizingthatdream.OnOctober10,2016,Africa’sfirstmodernelectrifiedrailway,theEthiopia-Djiboutirailway,becamefullyoperational.Thisrailway,builtbyChinesecompanies,isthefirstrailwaybuiltusingacompletesetofChinesestandardsoutsideChina.ButithasnotbeeneasyforChinesecompaniestowinEthiopiansupportfortheproject.TheEthiopiangovernmentonceconsideredWesternstandardsthebestones.ButthankstoChina’soutstandingperformanceinbuildingandmanagingrailways,Chinesefirmsendedupgettingtheproject.“Afterroundsoftalks,theEthiopiangovernmentcametorealizethatChinesestandardsarenotinferior(次于)towesternones,andmoreimportantly,theybestsuitthecountry,＂MengFengchao,boardchairmanofChinaRailwayConstructionCorp,toldXinhua.ThisisjustanotherofChina’srecentachievementsinrailwaybuilding.Chinahastheworld’slongestrailwayandtheymakeupahuge60percentoftheworld’stotal.Besideslength,Chinaalsodoeswellinspeed.Chinaistheonlycountrywithtrainsrunningat350kmperhouronlinessuchasBeijing-TianjinandBeijing-Shanghaihigh-speedrailways.Thankstotheseachievements,it’seasytoforgetthatChinawasn’tanearlystarterinthehigh-speedrailnetworkgame.Japanstarted50yearsago,whileGermanybegan20yearsago.Chinaonlylauncheditshigh-speedrailway14yearsago.HowhasChina’shigh-speedrailwaybeenabletodevelopsoquickly?Thedrivingforcebehindthefastdevelopmenthasbeenthecountry’sgreatneedfortransportation.“Thehigh-speedrailwaynotonlycoversthedistance,butalsoconnectspeople,informationandgoods,greatlyboostingtheregionaleconomy,people’slivesandtourism,”HuangXin,anofficialfromChinaRailwayCorporation,toldChinaDaily.Thehigh-speedrailwayhasbecomethetransportationofchoiceformanyChinesepeople.AccordingtoChinaRailwayCorp,about4,200bullettrainsruninChinaeachday,meaningthatmorethan4.5millionpassengerscantravel.ThisisonlythebeginningofChina’shigh-speedrailwaydevelopment.TheNationalDevelopmentandReformCommissionsaidthatChinaplanstohave38,000kmofhigh-speedrailwaysby2025.4.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheEthiopia-Djiboutirailway?A.Itwasstillunderconstruction.B.Itlinkscapitalsofseveralcountries.C.ItwasthefirstelectrifiedrailwayinAfrica.D.ItwasacombinationofChineseandWeststandards. 5.WhatisChina’srecentachievementinrailwaybuilding?A.Chinahelpsmanyothercountriesbuildrailway.B.Chinesestandardssuitmostofthecountriesintheworld.C.Chinaexcelsatboththelengthofrailwayandspeedoftrains.D.Chinaisoneofthecountrieswhosetrainscanrunat350km/h.6.Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Chinawasthepioneerofbuildinghigh-speedrailnetworks.B.Chinaspent14yearsbuildingalongestrailwayintheworld.C.China’srailwayaccountsforlessthan60%oftheworld’stotal.D.China’sgreatneedfortransportationhasdrivenrailwaydevelopment.7.Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.China’sRailwaysGototheWorld.B.TheCorporationbetweenChinaandAfrica.C.TheRailwayDevelopmentinAfrica.D.TheHistoryofHigh-speedRailwayintheworld.【答案】4.C5.C6.D7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国高铁在非洲的发展情况以及中国高铁近几年所取得的成就和发展历史。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“OnOctober10,2016,Africa’sfirstmodernelectrifiedrailway,theEthiopia-Djiboutirailway,becamefullyoperational.(2016年10月10日，非洲第一条现代电气化铁路埃塞俄比亚-吉布提铁路全面运营)”可知，埃塞俄比亚-吉布提铁路是非洲第一条电气化铁路。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Chinahastheworld’slongestrailwayandtheymakeupahuge60percentoftheworld’stotal.Besideslength,Chinaalsodoeswellinspeed.(中国拥有世界上最长的铁路，占世界铁路总量的60%。除了长度，中国在速度上也做得很好。)”可知，中国最近在铁路建设方面取得的成就包括中国在铁路长度和火车速度方面都很出色。故选C项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段“Thedrivingforcebehindthefastdevelopmenthasbeenthecountry’sgreatneedfortransportation.(快速发展背后的驱动力是国家对交通运输的巨大需求。)”可 知，中国对交通运输的巨大需求推动了铁路的发展。故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了中国高铁在非洲的发展情况以及中国高铁近几年所取得的成就和发展历史。所以A选项“中国的铁路走向世界”能概括全文内容，适合用作文章标题。故选A项。CInvolvinglittlerotelearning,anewteachingapproachisbecomingpopularwhereteachersencouragedebateanddiscussionintheclassroom.Howwillstudentscopewiththisinspiringstyleofteaching?Onewayisthroughcriticalthinking,whichisanecessaryskill.Theeasiestwaytolearntothinkcriticallyistoforceyourselftoquestioneverything,accordingtoMichaelTabachnick,aphysicsprofessoratDelawareValleyCollege.“Thatdoesnotmeanyoucan’tbelieve,butyoumustquestion.Isittrue?Isitopinion?Isitjustifiedbythefact?...Studentseventuallylearntoanalyze,”Tabachnicksaid.Younglearnersconstantlyaskquestionsbecausetheyarecuriousabouttheworldthatremainsunknowntothem.Butthisnaturalcuriositydisappearswithtime.However,questioningyourteachersshouldbeencouraged.Afterall,theyaretheoneswhohavebeeneducated,andhavealotmoreexperienceandknowledgethanstudents.WhenItaughtinacollegeinScotland,Ienjoyedansweringstudents’questions.Someofmystudentsposteddifficultqueries(问题).Ididn’talwaysknowtheanswers.IfIdidn’t,I’dadmititandtrytofindoutlater.IstillrememberwhenIwasatuniversity,mypeersandIwereencouragedtochallengeeachotherandourprofessors.Astudentwouldwriteapaperonasubject,andfellowstudentswouldcriticizeit.Itcouldbeverychallenging.Butitwasawayofdevelopingcriticalthinkingandlogicalthinking.Havingalogicalmindcanhelpdevelopcriticalthinking.Somepeopledon’thavealogicalmind,buttheydohaveemotionalintelligence,whichisalsoimportantforcriticalthinking.Peoplewithhighemotionalintelligencecanunderstandotherpeople’sfeelings,communicateproperlywiththem,andreadtheirpersonalities.Ifyoucan’tatleasttrytoputyourselfinsomeoneelse’sshoes,howcanyouunderstandtheirsituations,theirproblemsandtheirissues?So,trytodevelopyourpowerofcriticalthinking.Startwithbooks,films,musicandnewspapers.Anddon’tbelieveeverythingyoureadorsee.Thinkforyourself.8.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofaninspiringstyleofteaching?A.Studentsareorganizedtohavesomediscussion.B.Studentsareaskedtorecitesomehistoricalfacts. C.Studentsarerequiredtocopysomehistoricalfacts.D.Studentsarequizzedonsomefamouspeopleinhistory.9.HowcanyoudevelopcriticalthinkingasMichaelTabachnicksays?A.Haveadebateonasubject.B.Donotbelieveanything.C.Discussatopicwithclassmates.D.Askaquestionandanalyze.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph5referto?A.ThefaultintheanswerIgave.B.ThefactthatIdidn’tknowtheanswers.C.Thegoodquestionsthatstudentsasked.D.TheanswersthatIneededtofindoutlater.11.Howcanemotionalintelligencehelpcriticalthinking?A.Peoplewithhighemotionalintelligenceareopen-minded.B.Peoplewithhighemotionalintelligencearegoodatcriticizing.C.Highemotionalintelligencehelpspeopleunderstandothersbetter.D.Highemotionalintelligencehelpspeoplethinkinamorelogicalway.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的教学方法，教师鼓励在课堂上进行辩论和讨论。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Involvinglittlerotelearning,anewteachingapproachisbecomingpopularwhereteachersencouragedebateanddiscussionintheclassroom.(一种新的教学方法正在流行，这种方法很少涉及死记硬背，教师鼓励在课堂上进行辩论和讨论。)”可知，学生们被组织起来进行讨论是一个是鼓舞人心的教学风格的例子。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Theeasiestwaytolearntothinkcriticallyistoforceyourselftoquestioneverything,accordingtoMichaelTabachnick,aphysicsprofessoratDelawareValleyCollege.(特拉华谷学院物理学教授迈克尔·塔巴克尼克认为，学会批判性思考最简单的方法就是强迫自己质疑一切。)”以及“Thatdoesnotmeanyoucan’tbelieve,butyoumustquestion.Isittrue?Isitopinion?Isitjustifiedbythefact?...Studentseventuallylearntoanalyze,”Tabachnicksaid. ”（这并不意味着你不能相信，但你必须质疑。这是真的吗?是意见吗?事实证明这是正确的吗?学生们最终会学会分析。”）可知，质疑一切就是提出问题并进行分析才能像迈克尔·塔巴克尼克所说的那样培养批判性思维。故选D项。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据第五段划线词it的上文“Someofmystudentsposteddifficultqueries(问题).Ididn’talwaysknowtheanswers.(我的一些学生提出了一些困难的问题。我并不总是知道答案。)”和下文“andtrytofindoutlater(以后再试着找出答案)”推知，it指代“我并不总是知道答案”这件事。故选B项。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Peoplewithhighemotionalintelligencecanunderstandotherpeople’sfeelings,communicateproperlywiththem,andreadtheirpersonalities.(高情商的人能理解别人的感受，与他们恰当地沟通，并能读懂他们的性格)”可知，情商如何帮助批判性思维体现在高情商有助于人们更好地理解他人。故选C项。DThesedays,EarthDayiscelebratedeveryyearonApril22inschoolsandcitiesacrosstheUnitedStates.Thereareclassprojects,programs,treeplantingsandmanyotherofficialevents.So,itmaybehardtorealizethatwhenitfirststarted,EarthDaywasconsideredaradical(激进的)protest.Themodernenvironmentalmovementbeganinthe1960s.Itwasatimeofthegenerationgap.Youngpeoplewereactingoutagainsttheirparents’wayoflife.CollegecampuseswererockedbydemonstrationagainstthewarinVietnamandotherissues.Inthemiddleofthis,in1970,aUSsenator(参议员)fromWisconsinnamedGaylordNelsoncampupwiththeideaforEarthDay.Ashelaterexplainedit,theideawastochannel“thestudentantiwarenergy”intotheenvironmentalcause.Alotofyoungpeoplefeltthatsciencewastheenemy.Thiswasinspiteofthefactthatalotofthepeoplewhowerewarningthepublicaboutairandwaterpollutionandanimalsindangerwerescientists.Afterall,wasn’tittechnology-cars,housingdevelopmentsandfactories-thatwascausingtheproblembyspreadingpollutionanddestroyingnature?SomeadultswhohadthoughtEarthDaysupportershadgonetoofarmadefunofthem.Theycalledthem“treehuggers”.Environmentalistswererightthattechnologyhadtobecontrolled.Lawsandregulationswereneededtomakesurethatbothindustryandscienceactedresponsibly.Still,sciencegotabadname.Itwasasifyouhadtochooseeitherscienceornature.Youcouldn’thaveboth.Lately,though,thesituationhaschanged.Wehavecometoseethatscienceandtheenvironmentdonothavetobeenemies.Technologycanbeusedtoprotecttheenvironment,notdestroyit.Lookatalltheadvancesincleanenergythathavecomefromscience.JustasEarthDayhasevolved,sohasourviewofscienceandnature. Weknowtodaythatwedonothavetochoosebetweenthetwo.Instead,weunderstandthatscienceisoneofthemaintoolswecanusetoprotecttheenvironment.Youcanbeascientistanda“treehugger”.That’sbigadvancementforscienceandgreatnewsfortrees.12.WhatcanpeopleusuallydoonEarthDay?A.Cutdowntrees.B.Joininaprotest.C.Launchaninvestigation.D.Completeaclassproject.13.WhydidGaylordNelsonsuggestcelebratingEarthDay?AToencourageyoungstudentstoprotectnature.B.Todirectthepublic’sattentiontoenvironmentalchanges.C.Totakestudents’attentionawayfromantiwardemonstration.D.Tonarrowthegenerationgapbetweenyoungpeopleandtheirparents.14.Whatdidsomeadultsthinkof“treehuggers”?A.Tooextreme.B.Quiterational.C.Veryknowledgeable.D.Reallyconsiderate.15.Whichstatementissupportedbytheauthor?A.Peoplehavetochooseeitherscienceornature.B.Nowadayssciencecanservetoprotecttheenvironment.C.Sciencehasbeenplayingapositivepartthewholetime.D.Thedevelopmentofsciencedoesharmtotheenvironment.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了地球日的起源和发展以及作者希望人们转变观念——科学可以为保护环境服务。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thereareclassprojects,programs,treeplantingsandmanyotherofficialevents.”（有班级项目、项目介绍、植树和许多其它的官方活动。）可知，人们通常在地球日可以完成班级项目。故选D项。 【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Ashelaterexplainedit,theideawastochannel“thestudentantiwarenergy”intotheenvironmentalcause.”（正如他后来解释的一样，他的想法是将“学生反战能量”引导到环保事业中去。）可知，盖洛德·尼尔森是想把学生的注意力从反战示威上转移开。故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“SomeadultswhohadthoughtEarthDaysupportershadgonetoofarmadefunofthem.Theycalledthem“treehuggers”.”（一些曾经认为地球日的支持者们做的太过火了的成年人还拿他们开玩笑。他们称他们为“环境保护狂”。）可知，一些成年人认为地球日的支持者的做法太过火了，换句话说，一些成年人认为地球日的支持者们的做法太极端了。故选A项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Instead,weunderstandthatscienceisoneofthemaintoolswecanusetoprotecttheenvironment.”（相反，我们认为科学是我们能使用来保护环境的主要工具之一。）可知，作者支持的观点是现如今科学可以为保护环境服务。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Attimes,talkingtokidscanfeellikelearningaforeignlanguage.Unfortunately,there’snohandyphrasebookortranslationappthatcanmakeyousoundfriendly,encouraging,andfirmallatthesametime.Don’tworry.____16____.Followingthese,youcanhaveanopenandhonestchatwithanykidsinyourlife.SitorkneelattheirlevelLoweringyourselfmakesyoualotmoreapproachable.Evenifyou’rekeepingthingslightandfriendly,achildmightfeelthreatenedifyou’retoweringoverthem.Instead,grabaseatortakeakneenearthechild,sotheydon’thavetolookupatyou.____17____.____18____Kidslovetalkingabouttheirinterestsandpreferences.Asfarasconversationsgo,askingaboutfavoritesisaprettysafego-totopic.Youmightaskabouttheirfavoritesinger,orwhatTVshowstheyliketowatch.____19____.Youcouldaskiftheyhaveadogorcatathome,andwhatitsnameis.Askforhelporadvice____20____.Sharealight-hearted,not-too-seriousproblemyou’verunintoduringyourdailyroutine.Maybeyouhavetroubleheadingtobedatagoodtime,oryoucanneverfindyourcarkeysbeforeheadingtowork.Thechildwillloveachancetofigureoutasolutiontoyourproblem,whetherit’sbigorsmall. A.Developcommoninterests.B.Chataboutrelatabletopics.C.Childrenlovetosolve“adult”problems.D.Thiscanhelptaketheedgeoffyourconversation.E.We’veputtogetherplentyofconversationaltipsandtricks.F.Additionally,favoritecolorsareanothersafeandcomfortabletopic.G.Youcouldevenaskabouttheirfavoriteanimals,orcomparefavoritepets.【答案】16.E17.D18.B19.G20.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何与孩子进行坦诚交谈的策略。【16题详解】E选项“我们收集了很多谈话技巧。”与上文“Unfortunately,there’snohandyphrasebookortranslationappthatcanmakeyousoundfriendly,encouraging,andfirmallatthesametime.Don’tworry.(不幸的是，没有一本方便的短语手册或翻译应用程序可以让你同时听起来友好、鼓舞人心、坚定。别担心)”形成转折，表明虽然没有与孩子进行坦诚交流的手册或应用软件，但这篇文章中给出了相关建议或技巧（这也是文章的目的所在），且下文“Followingthese,youcanhaveanopenandhonestchatwithanykidsinyourlife.(遵循这些，你可以与生活中的任何孩子进行坦诚的交谈)”中的“these”指代E选项中的“plentyofconversationaltipsandtricks”，E选项“我们收集了很多谈话技巧。”切题。故选E项。【17题详解】由上文“Loweringyourselfmakesyoualotmoreapproachable.Evenifyou’rekeepingthingslightandfriendly,achildmightfeelthreatenedifyou’retoweringoverthem.Instead,grabaseatortakeakneenearthechild,sotheydon’thavetolookupatyou.(降低自己的位置会让你变得更加平易近人。即使你保持轻松友好的态度，如果你站得比孩子高，他们可能会感到威胁。相反，拿把椅子坐下或者跪下靠近孩子，这样他们就不必抬头看你了)”可知，家长位置比孩子高会让孩子感到威胁，作者举例相反的情况，家长拿把椅子坐下或者跪下靠近孩子，孩子就不用仰视父母，这是在说父母和孩子谈话时在孩子的水平坐或者跪的好处，D选项“这有助于消除你谈话中的紧张情绪。”切题。故选D项。【18题详解】该空选择小标题，需总结下文。由下文“Kidslovetalkingabouttheirinterestsandpreferences.Asfarasconversationsgo,askingaboutfavoritesisaprettysafego-totopic.Youmightaskabouttheirfavoritesinger,orwhatTVshowstheyliketowatch.(孩子们喜欢谈论他们的兴趣和喜好。就对话而言，询问最喜欢的话题是一个非常安全的话题。你可能会问他们最喜欢的歌手，或者他们喜欢看什么电视节目)”和“Youcould askiftheyhaveadogorcatathome,andwhatitsnameis.(你可以问他们家里有没有狗或猫，它叫什么名字)”可知，想要与孩子进行坦诚交谈，作者建议谈论与孩子们生活息息相关的话题，B选项“谈论相关话题。”切题。故选B项。【19题详解】G选项“你甚至可以问他们最喜欢的动物，或者比较他们最喜欢宠物。”引出与孩子们生活息息相关的话题之一——谈论宠物，才可衔接下文“Youcouldaskiftheyhaveadogorcatathome,andwhatitsnameis.(你可以问他们家里有没有狗或猫，它叫什么名字)”，G选项“你甚至可以问他们最喜欢的动物，或者比较他们最喜欢宠物。”切题。故选G项。【20题详解】由小标题“Askforhelporadvice(寻求帮助或建议)”可知，想要与孩子进行坦诚交谈，作者建议大人们要向孩子们寻求帮助或建议，该空应该提及父母们可以这样做的原因，C选项“孩子们喜欢解决‘成年人’的问题。”可以是其原因，呼应下文“Thechildwillloveachancetofigureoutasolutiontoyourproblem,whetherit’sbigorsmall.(孩子会喜欢有机会为你的问题找到解决方案，无论是大问题还是小问题)”，C选项“孩子们喜欢解决‘成年人’的问题。”切题。故选C项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。Inourtown,therewasnooneelsequitelikemyfather.Otherpeoplehadpicturesontheirwalls,or____21____acalendar.We____22____3,000books,liningeveryverticalsurfaceofourhome.Fatherwasthemost____23____scholarIeverknew.Everysummerhetookamonthofftoattend____24____inanothertown.Intotal,heearnedseven____25____andattended11differentcollegesanduniversities.MysisterandIweretheimmediatebeneficiaries(受益者)ofFather’s____26____forlearning.Everyspring,hewouldtakeus____27____throughthemountainsandsearchforrocksandwildflowersforhisspecimen(标本)____28____.Onwinternights,whentheskieswereespecially____29____,hewouldsetupatelescopeandwakeusto_____30_____thestars,whichhethennamedlikeatour_____31_____fortheheavens.Myfatherwas_____32_____drillingmeonproperspeech.BeforeIwas3,hewas_____33_____aloudtomefromtheBible,ShakespeareandMarkTwain._____34_____,Ireadaloudtohimsohecouldworkonmydiction(遣词造句).BythetimeIwas10,Icouldrecitefromawholerangeof_____35_____literatureandpoetry.Ofcourse,thereweretimeswhenIwas_____36_____ofstudying.ButFatherwouldalways_____37_____meofmydutybyquotingShakespeare:“Ifalltheyearwereplayingholidays,toplaywouldbeastedious( 单调乏味的)asto_____38_____.”Obviously,hisefforts_____39_____off,formy_____40_____hasenabledmetoearnagoodliving.21.A.atleastB.atmostC.attimesD.atfirst22.A.soldB.borrowedC.lentD.had23.A.persistentB.controversialC.contradictoryD.deliberate24.A.partiesB.meetingsC.classesD.shows25.A.scholarshipsB.degreesC.rewardsD.occupations26.A.dreamB.ambitionC.hungerD.purpose27.A.hikingB.drivingC.flyingD.crawling28.A.causesB.collectionsC.adjustmentsD.trades29.A.darkB.clearC.emptyD.innocent30.A.hearB.feelC.tasteD.view31.A.teacherB.coachC.journalistD.guide32.A.impatientlyB.mistakenlyC.casuallyD.constantly33.A.writingB.listeningC.readingD.singing34.A.HoweverB.LaterC.ThereforeD.Somehow35.A.classicalB.sterileC.stubbornD.unique36.A.tiredB.proudC.fondD.aware37.A.suspectB.remindC.warnD.accuse38.A.playB.sleepC.dietD.work39.A.gaveB.putC.paidD.showed40.A.contributionB.fortuneC.speechD.recipe【答案】21.A22.D23.A24.C25.B26.C27.A28.B29.B30.D31.D32.D33.C34.B35.A36.A37.B38.D39.C40.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。主要讲述作者父亲与众不同，是个非常愿意学习的学者，别人把额外的钱用来买喝的或者买其他东西，而作者的父亲会用额外的钱买书。这对作者的成长影响很大，作者是父亲渴求学习的受益者。【21题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：其他人的墙上有照片，或者至少有日历。A.atleast至少；B.atmost至多；C.attimes有时；D.atfirst首先。根据上文“Otherpeoplehadpicturesontheirwalls ”可知，其他人的墙上有照片。而下文说有日历，此处应用atleast表示更正或改变自己刚说过的话，意为“至少，起码”。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们有3000本书，排列在家里的每一个垂直表面上。A.sold卖；B.borrowed借入；C.lent借出；D.had有。根据上文“Otherpeoplehadpicturesontheirwalls”可知，其他人的墙上有照片。此处指我们家有3000本书。had是原词复现。故选D。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：父亲是我所认识的最执着的学者。A.persistent坚持不懈的；执着的；B.controversial有争议的；C.contradictory矛盾的；D.deliberate故意的。根据下文“Intotal,heearnedseven____5____andattended11differentcollegesanduniversities.”可知，他总共获得了7个学位，就读于11所不同的学院和大学。这说明父亲是一个执着的学者。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每年夏天，他都会休息一个月去另一个城镇上课。A.parties派对；B.meetings会议；C.classes课；D.shows表演。根据下文“Intotal,heearnedseven____5____andattended11differentcollegesanduniversities.”可知，父亲每年夏天都会休息一个月去另一个城镇上课。故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他总共获得了7个学位，就读于11所不同的学院和大学。A.scholarships奖学金；B.degrees学位；C.rewards报酬；奖励；D.occupations职业。根据下文“attended11differentcollegesanduniversities”可知，他总共获得了7个学位。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和妹妹是父亲渴望学习的直接受益者。A.dream梦想；B.ambition雄心；C.hunger饥饿；欲望；D.purpose目的。根据上文“Everysummerhetookamonthofftoattend____4____inanothertown.Intotal,heearnedseven____5____andattended11differentcollegesanduniversities.”可知，父亲对学习有强烈的渴望。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年春天，他都会带我们徒步登山，寻找岩石和野花作为他的标本收藏。A.hiking徒步；B.driving开车；C.flying飞行；D.crawling爬。根据下文“throughthemountainsandsearchforrocksandwildflowers”可知，每年春天，父亲都会带我们徒步登山。故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.causes原因；B.collections收藏；C.adjustments调整；适应；D.trades贸易。根据上文“searchforrocksandwildflowers ”可知，父亲带我们寻找岩石和野花作为他的标本收藏。故选B。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在冬天的夜晚，当天空特别明亮时，他会架设一台望远镜，叫醒我们去看星星，然后他像天堂导游一样给星星命名。A.dark黑暗的；B.clear清楚的；明亮的；C.empty空的；D.innocent天真的；无辜的。根据下文“hewouldsetupatelescopeandwakeusto____10____thestars”可知，看星星需要在天空明亮的时候进行。故选B。30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.hear听见；B.feel感觉；C.taste品尝；D.view观看。根据上文“setupatelescope”可知，父亲叫醒我们去看星星。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.teacher教师；B.coach教练；C.journalist记者；D.guide导游。tourguide指“导游”，符合文意。故选D。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我父亲一直在训练我正确的演讲。A.impatiently不耐烦地；B.mistakenly错误地；C.casually漫不经心地；D.constantly持续地。根据下文“BeforeIwas3”和“BythetimeIwas10”可知，父亲一直在训练我正确的演讲。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我3岁之前，他在给我朗读《圣经》、莎士比亚和马克·吐温的作品。A.writing写；B.listening听；C.reading读；D.singing唱。根据下文“Ireadaloudtohim”可知，在我3岁之前，他为我朗读《圣经》、莎士比亚和马克·吐温的作品。故选C。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：后来，我大声朗读给他听，这样他就可以修改我的措辞了。A.However然而；B.Later后来；C.Therefore因此；D.Somehow以某种方式；不知怎么的。根据上文“hewas____13____aloudtome”可知，在我3岁之前，他为我朗读作品。后来，我大声朗读给他听。故选B。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到我10岁的时候，我已经能背诵各种古典文学和诗歌了。A.classical古典的；经典的；B.sterile无菌的；贫瘠的；C.stubborn固执的；D.unique独特的。根据上文“theBible,ShakespeareandMarkTwain”可知，此处指我已经能背诵各种古典文学和诗歌了。classicalliterature意为“古典文学”，符合文意。故选A。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，有时我对学习感到厌倦。A.tired疲惫的；B.proud自豪的；C.fond 喜爱的；D.aware意识到的。根据上文“Ofcourse”以及下文父亲引用的莎士比亚的话“Ifalltheyearwereplayingholidays,toplaywouldbeastedious(单调乏味的)asto____18____.”可知，有时我对学习感到厌倦。故选A。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但父亲总是引用莎士比亚的话提醒我我的责任：“如果一年四季都在度假，玩耍和工作一样乏味。”A.suspect怀疑；B.remind提醒；使想起；C.warn警告；D.accuse起诉。根据下文“byquotingShakespeare”可知，父亲总是引用莎士比亚的话提醒我我的责任。remindsb.ofsth.意为“使某人想起某事；提醒某人某事”。故选B。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.play玩；B.sleep睡觉；C.diet节食；D.work工作。根据上文“Iwas____16____ofstudying”可知，有时我对学习感到厌倦。此处指父亲引用莎士比亚的话让我明白：如果一年四季都在度假，玩耍和工作一样乏味。故选D。【39题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：显然，他的努力得到了回报，因为我的演讲使我能够过上好日子。A.gaveoff发出、释放（气味、光、热等）；B.putoff推迟；C.paidoff（努力）得到回报；D.showedoff炫耀。根据下文“formy____20____hasenabledmetoearnagoodliving”可知，他的努力得到了回报。故选C。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.contribution贡献；B.fortune财富；C.speech演讲；D.recipe食谱。根据上文“Myfatherwas____12____drillingmeonproperspeech.”可知，我父亲一直在训练我正确的演讲，所以我的演讲使我能够过上了好日子。speech是原词复现。故选C。第II卷注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第三部分语言知识运用第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Whilemothersinmostfamiliesdecidewhatthefamilyhastoeat,fathers’wordsareoftenseenasmoreimportantwhenitcomes____41____majorfamilyissues,suchasinvestment.Allthesedetailsaresending____42____signal:Menarestillinadominantpositioninsociety,accordingtotheninthGlobalGenderGapReport.Thereport,____43____(release)bythenonprofitorganizationtheWorldEconomicForumonOct28th,foundthatalthoughthegendergap____44____(narrow)inthepastyears,menstillgetmoreopportunitiesineducation,theeconomicandpoliticalworlds,andevenhealthcare.Ittrackedthegendergapsin1142countriesandfoundthatinmostcases,boysgetmorechancestogotoschool thangirls.Whentheygrowup,womenaremore____45____(like)tobefull-timemomswithnopayandhavelesssayinfamilydecisions.____46____mendominatetheadultworld,manycountrieshavewitnessedaturningpointinboys—theyarelosing____47____(they)edge.In2010,about64percentofoutstandinghighschoolstudentsintheUSweregirls.About45developing____48____(country)havemoregirlsattendingmiddleschoolthanboys.EspeciallyinChina,femalestudentsaccountfor51.35percentofthestudentsinhighereducationalinstitutions.USauthorRichardWhitmireoncewrotethatboysaremore____49____(easy)distractedbyvideogamesandhavefewermaleteachers_____50_____(follow)atschool.【答案】41.to42.a43.released44.hasbeennarrowed##hasnarrowed45.likely46.While##Though##Although47.their48.countries49.easily50.tofollow【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。虽然大多数家庭的母亲决定家庭吃什么，但当涉及到投资等重大家庭问题时，父亲的话往往被视为更重要。当今社会，男女不平等现象依然存在。【41题详解】考查介词。句意：虽然大多数家庭的母亲决定家庭吃什么，但当涉及到投资等重大家庭问题时，父亲的话往往被视为更重要。whenitcomesto…是固定搭配，意为“当谈到……”。故填to。【42题详解】考查冠词。句意：所有这些细节都在发出一个信号：根据第九次《全球性别差距报告》，男性在社会中仍然处于主导地位。根据句意，此处指“一个信号”，表泛指，故用不定冠词，signal读音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。故填a。【43题详解】考查过去分词。句意：这份由非营利组织世界经济论坛于10月28日发布的报告发现，尽管过去几年性别差距有所缩小，但男性在教育、经济和政治领域，甚至医疗保健领域仍有更多机会。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作定语。主语report与动词release构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。故填released。【44题详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据句中时间状语inthe pastyears可知，此处应用现在完成时态。narrow既可作及物动词，表示“使窄小”，又可作不及物动词，表示“变窄；缩小”，所以此处既可用主动语态也可用被动语态。故填hasbeennarrowed/hasnarrowed。【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：长大后，女性更有可能成为全职妈妈，没有薪水，在家庭决策中的发言权也更少。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作表语。belikelytodo是固定用法，意为“有可能做某事”，likely意为“可能的；有希望的”。故填likely。【46题详解】考查状语从句。句意：虽然男性主宰着成人世界，但许多国家都见证了男孩的转折点——他们正在失去优势。分析句子可知，空格处应填入状语从句的引导词。根据句意，此处表“虽然，尽管”，故用引导让步状语从句的连词while/though/although。置于句首首字母应大写，故填While/Though/Although。【47题详解】考查物主代词。句意：同上。根据空格后的名词edge“优势”可知，空格处应填入形容词性的物主代词。主语是they，故填their。【48题详解】考查名词数。句意：大约有45个发展中国家的女孩上中学的人数多于男孩。根据空格前的数词“45”可知，此处应填名词复数形式。故填countries。【49题详解】考查副词。句意：美国作家RichardWhitmire曾写道，男孩更容易被电子游戏分散注意力，在学校可以跟随的男老师更少。分析句子可知，此处应用副词修饰动词distracted，故用easily。故填easily。【50题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作定语。havesb./sth.todo是固定结构，表示“有……要做”，此处用不定式的主动形式todo表示被动含义。故填tofollow。第四部分写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)51.下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词;删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每句不超过两个错误;2.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Mydearclassmates,it’sourhonortointroducetheImperialPalace,aChineseculturalheritagewhatenjoysa highreputationintheworld.Themagnificentandwell-preservedarchitecture,alsoknownfortheForbiddenCity,representthehighestarchitecturallevelinancientChina.Withahistoryofabout600years,itwasliesinthecenterofBeijing,seegreatchangesofthiscity.Nowadays,ithasbecomeamust-seescenicspotsthatattractsanenormouslynumberofvisitorseveryyear.IfwehaveachancevisittheImperialPalaceoneday,pleasekeepinmindthatinanycaseshouldweleaveanymarksontheculturalrelics.【答案】1.our→my/an2.what→that/which3.for→as4.represent→represents5.删除was6.see→seeing7.spots→spot8.enormously→enormous9.在visit前加to10.any→no【解析】【导语】本文是篇应用文。作者在文中向同学们介绍了中国著名的文化遗产-故宫。【详解】1.考查人称代词。句意：亲爱的同学们，我很荣幸向大家介绍故宫，这是享誉世界的中国文化遗产。作者以第一人称向全班同学介绍故宫，应该是表达“我很荣幸”，故应用it’smyhonor或it’sanhonor。故将our改为my/an。2.考查定语从句关系词。句意：亲爱的同学们，我很荣幸向大家介绍故宫，这是享誉世界的中国文化遗产。分析句子可知，“heritage”后跟定语从句，应以关系代词引导，代替先行词“heritage”，在从句中作主语，故应用that/which。故将what改为that/which。3.考查介词。句意：这座宏伟而保存完好的建筑，也被称为紫禁城，代表了中国古代建筑的最高水平。固定短语beknownfor...意为：因……而闻名，beknownas...意为：被称为……，根据句意，应为knownas...。故将for改为as。4.考查主谓一致。句意：这座宏伟而保存完好的建筑，也被称为紫禁城，代表了中国古代建筑的最高水平。分析句子可知，“represent”为谓语动词，本句为一般现在时，表达客观事实，主语为“Themagnificentandwell-preservedarchitecture,”，故谓语动词应用单数形式。故将represent改为represents。5.考查动词时态。句意：它有大约600年的历史，位于北京的中心，可以看到这个城市的巨大变化。根据句意，本句应用一般现在时，表示客观事实，故谓语动词应为lies。故将was删除。6.考查非谓语动词。句意：它有大约600年的历史，位于北京的中心，可以看到这个城市的巨大变化。根据句中谓语动词“lies”可知，“see”应用其非谓语动词形式，作伴随状语，故应用现在分词形式。故将see改为seeing。7.考查名词单复数形式。句意：如今，它已成为一个必看的景点，每年吸引了大量的游客。根据“amust-see”可知，后应该单数名词。故将spots改为spot。8.考查形容词。句意：如今，它已成为一个必看的景点，每年吸引了大量的游客。分析句子可知，名词 “number”前应用形容词修饰，作定语。故将enormously改为enormous。9.考查非谓语动词。句意：如果有一天我们有机会参观故宫，请记住，在任何情况下都不要在文物上留下任何痕迹。固定短语achancetodosth意为：一个做某事的机会，动词不定式作定语修饰名词“chance”。故在visit前加to。10.考查固定短语。句意：如果有一天我们有机会参观故宫，请记住，在任何情况下都不要在文物上留下任何痕迹。inanycase意为：无论如何，放在句首不用倒装；根据句意及倒装句式“shouldweleaveanymarksontheculturalrelics.”可知，应用否定短语innocase意为：决不。故将any改为no。第二节书面表达(满分25分)52.假定你是李华,你校下周即将举行成人礼仪式，你有幸被选为学生代表发言，请用英语写一篇发言稿，主要内容如下：1.成人礼的意义；2.感恩老师；3.告别同学并祝福。注意：字数100左右。参考词汇：thecoming-of-ageceremony成人礼仪式_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Dearteachersandmyfellowstudents,I’mhonoredtobechosenasthespeakerofthecoming-of-ageceremonyonbehalfofourclassmates.Theceremonyisagrandoccasionwhenweareannouncedtobegrown-up,whomusttakeontheresponsibilityofourhomeandcountryasanadult.Howtimeflies!Mydearteachers,itseemslikeyesterdaywhenIfirststeppedintotheclassroom,greetedbyyourcaringeyesandencouragingsmiles.Uponourgraduation,whatpopsupfrommydeepestheartistheendlessgratitudeforyourcompanyduringmyfacingdifferentchallengesinthepastthreeyears.I’mconvincedthateachofushassomebittersweetmemorieswithourdeskmates,roommatesandclassmates.Nowaswesetsailahead,Iwishyoutobeadmittedintoyouridealuniversity.Andinyourlonglifejourney,Ialsowishyoutobeembracedwarmlyintheworld.That’sall.Thanks.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文，要求考生在学校下周即将举行的成人礼仪式上，作为学生代表发表演讲，阐明成人礼的意义，感恩老师，告别同学，并表达祝福。【详解】1.词汇积累： 选择：choose→select成年人：grown-up→adult感谢、感激：gratitude→appreciation旅行：journey→tour拥抱：embrace→hug2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：I’mhonoredtobechosenasthespeakerofthecoming-of-ageceremonyonbehalfofourclassmates.拓展句：I’mhonoredthatIamchosenasthespeakerofthecoming-of-ageceremonyonbehalfofourclassmates.【点睛】【高分句型1】Theceremonyisagrandoccasionwhenweareannouncedtobegrown-up,whomusttakeontheresponsibilityofourhomeandcountryasanadult.（运用了以关系副词when引导的限制性定语从句和以关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句。）【高分句型2】Uponourgraduation,whatpopsupfrommydeepestheartistheendlessgratitudeforyourcompanyduringmyfacingdifferentchallengesinthepastthreeyears.（运用了以连接代词what引导的主语从句。）听力答案：1-5ACCBB6-10ACBCA11-15CBCAA16-20BABCA