天津市河北区2022~2023学年高三上学期期末质量检测英语试题 Word版含解析.docx

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河北区2022～2023学年度高三年级第一学期期末质量检测英语试卷本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟。第Ⅰ卷1至10页，第Ⅱ卷11至12页。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。祝各位考生考试顺利!第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。2.本卷共55小题，共95分。第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例：Standoverthere________you’llbeabletoseeitbetter.A.orB.andC.butD.while答案是B。1.Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you’llprobablyfindasolutionthat________everyone.A.suitB.suitedC.suitsD.hassuited【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：如果你从各个方面来看情况，你可能会找到适合每个人的解决方案。分析句子可知，定语从句在陈述事实，为一般现在时，主语that指代先行词aslolution，是第三人称单数，故定语从句谓语动词为单数形式。故选C项。2.—Readingisthebestwaytopasstimeonthetrain.—_______,Inevergotravelingwithoutabook.A.YouarejokingB.That’strueC.Idon’tthinksoD.Itsoundslikefun 【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——在火车上打发时间最好的方法是看书。——对的，我外出总是带着书。A.Youarejoking你在开玩笑吧；B.That’strue那是对的；C.Idon’tthinkso我不这样认为；D.Itsoundslikefun听起来很有趣。根据答语后半句可知，我出门总是带着书，说明我同意第一个人的观点。故选B。3.IhadasmuchfunsailingtheseasasInowdo_withstudents.A.workingB.workC.toworkD.worked【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意：我在海上航行和现在和学生一起工作一样快乐。分析句子可知，havefundoingsth.做某事很开心，asInowdoworkingwithstudents补充完整为asInowhavefunworkingwithstudents。故选A。4.Iwon’ttellthestudentstheanswertothemathproblemuntilthey________onitformorethananhour.A.havebeenworkingB.hadworkedC.willhavebeenworkingD.willhaveworked【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：直到学生做了一个多小时，我才告诉学生这道数学题的答案。空处为时间状语从句的谓语动词，根据“formorethananhour”和语境可知，此处指动作从过去开始延续到现在，强调动作的持续性，应用现在完成进行时。故选A。5.IhopeIwillnotbecalledoninclassasI’mnotyet_______prepared.A.attentivelyB.attractivelyC.activelyD.adequately【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查副词词义辨析。A.attentively聚精会神地；B.attractively动人地；C.actively活跃地；D.adequately充足地。句意：我希望在课上不会被点到因为我还没有准备充分。根据前文“IhopeIwillnotbecalledoninclass”可知“我”不希望被点到，后文是原因，将D项带入原文符合语境，意为“ 我还没有准备充分”，故选D项。6.Ihaveofferedtopaintthehouse________aweek’saccommodation.A.inexchangeforB.inanswertoC.incontactwithD.inmemoryof【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我提出粉刷房子以换取一周的住宿。A.inexchangefor作为交换；B.inanswerto作为对……的答复；C.incontactwith与……保持联系；D.inmemoryof作为对……的纪念。结合句意可知，此处指用粉刷房子作为住宿一周的交换，inexchangefor符合题意。故选A。7.ThesubjectsoftheDunhuangmurals________fromreligiousstoriestoscenesofeverydaylife.A.varyB.distributeC.motivateD.facilitate【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：敦煌壁画的题材从宗教故事到日常生活场景都不尽相同。A.vary变化，不同；B.distribute分发；C.motivate激励，鼓励；D.facilitate促进。varyfrom...to...“不同，在……范围变化”符合句意。故选A。8.—Excuseme,whereisGeorge?—George________toofar.Hiscoffeeisstillwarm.A.musthavegoneB.mighthavegoneC.can’thavegoneD.needn’thavegone【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+havedone。句意：——劳驾，请问George在哪儿？——George肯定没有走远。他的咖啡还是热的。A.musthavegone肯定离开；B.mighthavegone可能离开；C.can’thavegone不可能离开；D.needn’thavegone本没有必要离开。结合Hiscoffeeisstillwarm可知，此处表示对过去情况的否定推测，应用can’thavedone。故选C。9.AsJohnLennononcesaid,lifeis________happenstoyouwhileyouarebusymakingotherplans.A.WhichB.thatC.whatD.where【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词性从句用法。句意：正如约翰·列侬曾经说过，当我们正在为生活疲于奔波时, 生活已离我们远去。本题主句是一个表语从句，表语从句中缺少主语，故用what来引导。在名词性从句中，当从句缺少主语、宾语或表语时，一般用关系词what来引导。故C正确。【点睛】本题考查考生对名词性从句的掌握情况，定语从句作用相当于形容词，修饰主句中的一个名词或代词或整个句子，同位语从句是对前面的名词做进一步解释，说明该名词的具体内容的句子。本题中说的那个“句子中宾语或主语用一个句子来代替就是该种从句”用一个句子来代替宾语或主语，那就属于主语从句或宾语性从句了。所以做题时仔细分析题干，才能更好地做好题。10.（2015•福建）________moreaboutChineseculture,JackhasdecidedtotakeChinesefolkmusicasanelectivecourse.A.LearnB.LearnedC.TolearnD.Tobelearning【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了更多了解到中国文化，杰克决定选择中国民间音乐作为选修课。这里是动词不定式形式的非谓语动词做目的状语。故选C考点：考查考查非谓语动词。【名师点睛】非谓语动词的考点可以说占了高考的很大比重。但是他们的使用方法也很好判别，一般现在分词表示主动的关系，而过去分词表示被动的关系，动词不定式的用法很多，通常是跟在一个动词后面形成的固定结构，只要分辨出句子中的关系就能够成功解题。11.Itissaidthatbodylanguage________55percentofafirstimpressionwhilewhatyousayjust7percent.A.liesinB.accountsforC.consistsofD.goeswith【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：据说肢体语言占第一印象的百分之55，而你所说的话只占百分之7。A.liesin在于；B.accountsfor说明〔解释〕…原因,证明，对...负有责任，占有,占...百分比；C.consistsof由---组成，构成；D.goeswith与……一起。根据“55percentofafirstimpression”可知，accountsfor“占...百分比”符合句意。故选B。12.—Themoviestartsat8:30,andwecanhaveaquickbitebeforewego. —________.Seeyouat8:10.A.SolongB.NowonderC.GoodluckD.Soundsgreat【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——电影8点半开始，我们可以在走之前随便吃点东西。——听起来不错。八点十分见。A.Solong再见；B.Nowonder难怪；C.Goodluck祝你好运；D.Soundsgreat听起来不错。根据“Seeyouat8:10.”可知，表示赞同别人的提议，用Soundsgreat“听起来不错”符合语境。故选D项。13.Humanfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimalsinthedegree________theycanbecontrolledonpurpose.A.forwhichB.towhichC.ofwhichD.onwhich【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。句意：人类的面部表情与动物的不同之处在于它们可以在多大程度上被有意控制。表达“到达某种程度”应用to...degree，先行词是degree，作介词to的宾语，应用which。故选B。14.Ifyoumissthischance,itmaybeyears________yougetanotherone.A.whileB.beforeC.afterD.since【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时间状语从句连词。句意：如果你错过了这个机会，你可能需要几年的时间才能得到另一个机会。A.while当；B.before在……之前；C.after在……之后；D.since自从。此处为固定句型：itbe+一段时间+before...“要过……才……”，before引导时间状语从句。故选B。15.Hiscomprehensivesurveyshaveprovidedthemost________statementsofhow,andonwhatbasis,dataarecollected.A.availableB.originalC.explicitD.formal【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的全面调查提供了最详尽的数据收集方式和依据。A.available可用的；B.original原始的；C.explicit详尽的，明确的；D.formal正式的。根据“ofhow,andonwhatbasis,dataarecollected.”可知，是提供了详尽的的说明。故选C。第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Anewweekbegan.Marcusenteredtheschool.____16____,hecriedout“Whathappenedtothestadium?”Someonehadpaintedfacesonthestadiumwall!Allstudentswerewhisperingwith____17____aboutthegraffiti(涂鸦).Possibleexplanationsspreadlikewildfire____18____theschool.Later,whenBriancleanedtheblackboard,Marcus____19____thepaintonhishands.He____20____thatitwasBrianwhodidit.Afterschool,MarcusfollowedBrianand____21____onwhathewasdoing.WhenBrianopenedhislocker,Marcussawsmallcansofpaint!Hedecidedto____22____ittoMr.Johnson.Thenextmorning,Brianwascalledtotheprincipal’soffice.ThemomentMr.Johnson____23____askedaboutthegraffiti,Briancried.____24____,Brianexplainedthathelikedtopaint,buthecouldn’tjointheartclubbecausehehadtogo_____25_____homeafterschooltobaby-sithislittlebrother.“I’msorryandI’ll_____26_____thestadium,”hesobbed.Thoughangryatfirst,Mr.Johnsonbegantosoftenasherealizedhow_____27_____Brianwas.“Brian,paintinggrafftionschoolwallsisavery_____28_____matter.Ofcourseyoushouldcleanand_____29_____thewall.”Mr.Johnsonpaused,“_____30_____Imustsay,thosepaintingsarequitegood.Didyoudoitalone?”Briannodded,“Yes.I’mgoodatpainting.”Mr.Johnsonthoughtforamomentbeforemakinga(n)_____31_____.“Well,”hesaid,“Someteacherssuggestedthatwehirealocal_____32_____topaintourschoolmascotontheschoolwall.Wouldyouliketoparticipateinthat?”“Really?”Brianhesitated,_____33_____tobelieveit.“Yes,butit’shardwork,andwecanconsideritpartofyour_____34_____”Mr.Johnsonsaid,tryingtohidehis_____35_____ashepickedupthephone.16.A.GraduallyB.GenerallyC.UsuallyD.Suddenly17.A.curiosityB.disappointmentC.fearD.relief18.A.toB.aroundC.fromD.beyond19.A.wipedB.examinedC.scannedD.spotted20.A.rememberedB.suspectedC.witnessedD.hoped21.A.spiedB.reflectedC.commentedD.hit22.A.makeB.reportC.describeD.retell23.A.hesitantlyB.patientlyC.directlyD.sympathetically 24.A.AshamedB.SurprisedC.ExcitedD.Satisfied25.A.slowlyB.lateC.deliberatelyD.right26.A.changeB.decorateC.cleanD.ruin27.A.fortunateB.miserableC.relaxedD.naughty28.A.strangeB.urgentC.seriousD.unusual29.A.repaintB.hideC.buildD.repair30.A.AndB.SoC.OrD.But31.A.promiseB.choiceC.decisionD.appointment32.A.interpreterB.artistC.designerD.scientist33.A.unableB.unwillingC.unlikelyD.unhappy34.A.responsibilityB.talentC.devotionD.punishment35.A.regretB.angerC.smileD.pride【答案】16.D17.A18.B19.D20.B21.A22.B23.C24.A25.D26.C27.B28.C29.A30.D31.C32.B33.A34.D35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述布莱恩在学校体育馆的墙壁上涂鸦被老师马库斯发现，并通报给了校长约翰逊先生。当约翰逊了解到布莱恩的真实情况后，不但没有惩罚他，还建议他和当地一位艺术家一起在学校墙壁上画学校的吉祥物。【16题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然他喊道：“体育场怎么了？”A.Gradually逐渐；B.Generally通常，普遍；C.Usually通常；D.Suddenly突然。根据上文“Marcusenteredtheschool.”和下文“Someonehadpaintedfacesonthestadiumwall!”可知，马库斯进入学校后看到体育场墙壁上被画上了，因此突然大喊起来。故选D。【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有学生都好奇地对涂鸦窃窃私语。A.curiosity好奇；B.disappointment失望；C.fear害怕；D.relief减轻，安慰。根据下文“Possibleexplanations”推知，学生们非常好奇。故选A。【18题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：可能的解释像野火一样传遍了学校。A.to到；B.around围绕；C.from来自；D.beyond超于。根据“spreadlikewildfire”可知，可能的解释传遍的校园，aroundtheschool“遍及学校”符合题意。故选B。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，当布莱恩擦黑板时，马库斯发现了他手上的油漆。A.wiped擦掉；B.examined 检查；C.scanned浏览；D.spotted发现。根据“thepaintonhishands”和下文“itwasBrianwhodidit”可知，马库斯发现了布莱恩手上的油漆。故选D。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他怀疑是布莱恩做的。A.remembered记得；B.suspected怀疑；C.witnessed目睹；D.hoped希望。根据下文“MarcusfollowedBrian”推知，马库斯怀疑是布莱恩在学校墙上画了画。故选B。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：放学后，马库斯跟踪布莱恩，暗中监视他在做什么。A.spied侦察；暗中监视；B.reflected反射，反思；C.commented评论；D.hit击打。根据“MarcusfollowedBrian”可知，马库斯小心跟着布莱恩，暗中监视他。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他决定向约翰逊先生报告此事。A.make制造；B.report报道；C.describe描述；D.retell复述。根据上文“WhenBrianopenedhislocker,Marcussawsmallcansofpaint!”可知，马库斯已经确定涂鸦是布莱恩干的，因此决定将此事报告给约翰逊先生。故选B。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：约翰逊先生直接问起涂鸦的事时，布赖恩哭了。A.hesitantly犹豫地；B.patiently耐心地；C.directly直接地；D.sympathetically怜悯地。根据“Briancried”推知，约翰逊先生直接问起涂鸦的事情，布莱恩被吓哭了。故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：布莱恩羞愧地解释说，他喜欢画画，但他不能加入艺术俱乐部，因为他放学后必须径直回家照看他的弟弟。A.Ashamed羞愧的；B.Surprised吃惊的；C.Excited兴奋的；D.Satisfied满意的。根据上文“Briancried”推知，布莱恩以为约翰逊会斥责自己，因此对自己的行为感到羞愧。故选A。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A.slowly慢慢地；B.late迟地；C.deliberately故意地；D.right恰好，径直。根据“tobaby-sithislittlebrother.”可知，放学后布莱恩必须径直回家照顾弟弟。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“很抱歉，我会打扫体育场的”他抽噎着说。A.changed改变；B.decorated装饰；C.cleaned打扫；D.ruined毁掉。根据下文“Ofcourseyoushouldclean”推知，布莱恩说自己会打扫体育场。故选C。【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然一开始很生气，但当约翰逊意识到布莱恩有多么悲惨时，他开始变得温和起来。A.fortunate幸运的；B.miserable痛苦的，悲惨的；C.relaxed放松的；D.naughty淘气的。根据上文“hecouldn’tjointheartclubbecausehehadtogo____10____homeafterschooltobaby-sithislittlebrother.”可知，布莱恩的生活是比较悲惨的。故选B。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“布莱恩，在学校墙上涂鸦是一件非常严重的事情。当然，你应该清理并重新粉刷墙壁。”A.strange奇怪的；B.urgent紧急的；C.serious严重的；D.unusual不寻常的。根据“Ofcourseyoushouldcleanand____14____thewall.”并结合常识可知，在学校墙壁上涂鸦是一件严重的事情。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.repaint重新粉刷；B.hide躲藏，隐藏；C.build建造；D.repair修理。根据常识，把墙壁上的涂鸦清理之后，需要重新粉刷墙壁。故选A。【30题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：约翰逊先生停顿了一下，“但我必须说，那些画很好。你是一个人做的吗？”布莱恩点点头，“是的。我擅长画画。”A.And并且；B.So因此；C.Or或者，否则；D.But但是。上文“Ofcourseyoushouldcleanand____14____thewall.”和此处“Imustsay,thosepaintingsarequitegood.”是转折关系，应用but连接。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：约翰逊先生在做决定前思索了一会儿。A.promise许诺；B.choice选择；C.decision决定；D.appointment约会，任命。根据下文“Wouldyouliketoparticipateinthat?”可知，约翰逊决定让布莱恩参与在学校墙壁上画吉祥物的活动。故选C。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“嗯，”他说，“一些老师建议我们雇佣一位当地艺术家在学校墙上画我们的学校吉祥物。你愿意参与吗？”A.interpreter翻译；B.artist艺术家；C.designer设计者；D.scientist科学家。根据“topaintourschoolmascotontheschoolwall”可知，是聘请一位当地的艺术家。故选B。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“真的吗？”布莱恩迟疑了，不敢相信这是真的。A.unable不能的；B.unwilling不愿意的；C.unlikely不可能的；D.unhappy不高兴的。根据““Really?””推知，布莱恩不敢相信约翰逊先生的提议。故选A。【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“是的，但这是一项艰巨的工作，我们可以将其视为对你的惩罚的一部分，”约翰逊先生一边说着，一边拿起电话，一边试图掩饰自己的微笑。A.responsibility责任；B.talent才能；C.devotion忠诚；D.punishment惩罚。呼应上文““Really?”Brianhesitated,____18____tobelieveit.”，此处用“惩罚”表示约翰逊先生的幽默。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.regret遗憾，后悔；B.anger愤怒；C.smile微笑；D.pride骄傲，自豪。根据上文“Wouldyouliketoparticipateinthat?”可知，约翰逊先生欣赏布莱恩的涂鸦，此处说“惩罚”是故意逗他的，所以约翰逊试图掩饰自己的微笑。故选C。第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASometimesittakesaworkofarttogivetheinspirationforadvancesinscience.Forexample,ElonMusk’sdreamofhumanslivingonotherplanetswasfirstinspiredbyIsaacAsimov’sFoundationbookseries.AmazonCEOJeffBezosissimilarlyamassivefanoftheStarTrektelevisionseries.TheseriesinspiredhimtofoundhisveryownspacecompanyBlueOrigin,accordingtoForbesmagazine.Let’sexploresomeofthetechnologiesfromsciencefictionthathavebeenbroughttolife.●RemotecontrolFrankHerbert’s1965novelDunefeaturesasmallflyingrobotdevicethatispilotedremotely,oneoftheearliestappearancesofdrones(无人机)insciencefiction.WiththefirstpermitforcommercialdroneuseintheUSgivenin2006,dronesbecameareality,andcannowbefoundtakingonmultipleroles.Theyprovidenewanglesforphotography,helpfarmersmaintaintheircropsandareusedinthemilitary.JeffBezoshasevensupportedtheuseofdronestodeliverpackagesforhiscompanyAmazon,unveilingadeliverydronebackin2019.●Fromthinair ThetelevisionshowStarTrek,firstappearingonscreensin1966,inspiredscience.Oneofthemostunexpectedexamplesmaybethe3Dprinter.Intheprogram,adevicecancreateanyobjectdesiredwithinamatterofseconds.ResearchersattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,US,developeda3Dprinterin2019thatshapesobjectsusingraysoflight.Theyhavenamedtheprinterthe“replicator”,thesamenameasthedeviceintheprogramtoshowtheirinspiration.Thedeviceuseslighttoalterthedensityofresin(树脂),changingthematerialfromaliquidtoasolidinordertoshapethedesiredobject.●StartingtheheartOneofthefirstsci-finovels,FrankensteinbyMaryShelleyhashadahugeimpactonscience.EarlBakken,theinventorofthepacemaker(起搏器),adeviceplacedintothechestthathelpsthehearttopumpbloodusingsmallelectricalimpulses,wasinspiredbythe1931movieadaptationofthebook.“WhatintriguedmemostwasthecreativesparkofDr.Frankenstein’selectricity,”BakkentoldTheAtlantic.Defibrillators(除颤仪),whichrestarttheheartwithanelectricalcurrentafteracardiacarrest(心脏骤停),alsoresembletheelectricshockthatgavethemonsterlife.36.ElonMusk’sdreamofhumanslivingonotherplanetswasinspiredby________.A.StarTrekB.FrankensteinC.DuneD.Foundation 37.WhatdoesJeffBezoswanttousedronesfor?A.Wateringcrops.B.Transportingpackages.C.Guardingmilitarysites.D.Snapingbreathtakingpictures.38.Whatdoweknowaboutthe3Dprinter?A.Itcanuseanymaterialtoprint.B.Itcancreateanythingwithinminutes.C.Itcanchangethedensityof3Dprinter.D.Itcanturnaliquidintoasolidusinglight.39.WhatinspiredBakkentoinventthepacemakerfromthemovieFrankenstein?A.ThewayDr.Frankensteinusedelectricity.B.ThedeviceDr.Frankensteinplacedintothechest.C.ThetoolsDr.Frankensteinusedinhisexperiments.D.ThematerialDr.Frankensteinusedtocreatethemonster.40.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toshowsomescientificadvancesinspiredbyartworks.B.Toexplainsomefunctionsofthoseusefulequipment.C.Tooffersometechnologiesusedbymedicine.D.Tointroducesomeinterestingsciencefiction.【答案】36.D37.B38.D39.A40.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些科学创造发明的灵感来自科幻小说或电视节目，科幻小说中被赋予了生活的技术，可见想象力会带来先进的文明。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Forexample,ElonMusk’sdreamofhumanslivingonotherplanetswasfirstinspiredbyIsaacAsimov’sFoundationbookseries.”（例如，埃隆·马斯克关于人类居住在其他星球的梦想最初是受到艾萨克·阿西莫夫的Foundation系列书的启发。）可知，埃隆·马斯克的人类生活在其他星球的梦想是受到Foundation的启发。故选D项。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“JeffBezoshasevensupportedtheuseofdronestodeliverpackagesforhis companyAmazon,unveilingadeliverydronebackin2019.”（。杰夫·贝佐斯甚至支持使用无人机为他的公司亚马逊递送包裹，早在2019年就推出了一款送货无人机。）可知，杰夫·贝佐斯想用无人机运输包裹。故选B项。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“ResearchersattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,US,developeda3Dprinterin2019thatshapesobjectsusingraysoflight.”（2019年，美国加州大学伯克利分校的研究人员开发了一台3D打印机，可以利用光线塑造物体。）以及“Thedeviceuseslighttoalterthedensityofresin,changingthematerialfromaliquidtoasolidinordertoshapethedesiredobject.”（该设备利用光来改变树脂的密度，将材料从液体变成固体，以塑造所需的物体。）可知，3D打印机可以用光把液体变成固体。故选D项。39题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Oneofthefirstsci-finovels,FrankensteinbyMaryShelleyhashadahugeimpactonscience.EarlBakken,theinventorofthepacemaker,adeviceplacedintothechestthathelpsthehearttopumpbloodusingsmallelectricalimpulses,wasinspiredbythe1931movieadaptationofthebook.”（玛丽·雪莱的第一部科幻小说《弗兰肯斯坦》对科学产生了巨大的影响。心脏起搏器的发明者厄尔·巴肯(EarlBakken)的灵感来自1931年改编自这本书的电影。）以及“‘WhatintriguedmemostwasthecreativesparkofDr.Frankenstein’selectricity,’BakkentoldTheAtlantic.”（巴肯在接受《大西洋月刊》采访时表示：“最吸引我的是弗兰肯斯坦博士的电的创造性火花。”）可知，弗兰肯斯坦博士用电的方式是启发巴肯从电影《弗兰肯斯坦》中发明起搏器的。故选A项。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“Sometimesittakesaworkofarttogivetheinspirationforadvancesinscience.”（有时，需要一件艺术作品来为科学的进步提供灵感。）和下文中具体介绍科幻小说中的技术已经被现实应用的例子，可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是展示一些受艺术品启发的科学进步。故选A项。BAlthoughIwastheclassclownatschool,there’sanintroverted(内向的)sidetomypersonality.That’sbecauseIhaveaneurological(神经系统的)conditionthatmakesithardformybraintoprocessvisualinformation.Wordsswimonthepageforme.IwantedtolearnhowtoreadbutIcouldn’t.Inprimaryschool,Ididn’ttalktoanyteachersorfamilyaboutthis.Iwascleverathidingit.WhenIhadtowriteanythingdown,Iguessed,formingwhatIhopedwastherightwords.Ibecamegoodatlearningbyheart.WhenIstartedsecondaryschool,astudentinclassmademestandonachairandread.ItwassohumiliatingthatIdevelopedabadstutter(口吃).Icontinuedtofallthroughthenet,emotionallyandeducationally.Theonly thingIlovedwaspracticalbiology.Iwantedtobeadoctor.ThenIleftschoolandjoinedthemilitary.Iwasdeterminedtobeamedicandtrainedhard.Butthingsunraveled(揭开)whenIdidacourseinpre-hospitalemergencycare.Ipassedallmypracticalexams,preparingforthembywatchingothers.Theproblemwasthewrittenexam.IwassoembarrassedbuthadtotelltheexaminingdoctorthatIcouldn’tread.Heurgedmetogetbackintoeducation.Iwas34.IappliedtodoamedicaldegreeattheOpenUniversity(OU).Itwasbacktobasicsonthecourse.Iknewthealphabetandsomewords,butmyvocabularywassmall.Ipaidforatutor,whoworkedwithmeeveryweek,teachingmetounderstandwordsthroughpictures.Ittookmenineyearstogetthatdegree.Now,aged47,I’manambassadorfortheOU,winninganawardforembracingeducationsolateinlife.Inowteachpre-hospitalemergencycaretomedicalschoolstudents.IalsoteachchildrenandadultswithlearningdifficultiesbecauseIwanttogiveothersthechancesIhad.IstillstruggletoreadamenuifI’mnotwearingmyspecialglasses,butluckilythere’salwayssomeonearoundtolendmeahand.Ilookbackandwonderhowmanyotherpeoplehavestruggledwitheducationandwheretheyarenow.I’mproofthatnooneshouldbediscounted(忽视),ever.41.Howdidtheauthordealwithhisprobleminprimaryschool?A.Hetriedhardtoforgetit.B.Hefoundawaytohideit.C.Hemanagedtoovercomeit.D.Heturnedtoteachersforhelp.42.Whathappenedtotheauthorwhenhewasinthemilitary?A.Hewasencouragedtobeadoctor.B.Hisspeechdisorderbecameworse.CHewasadvisedtogobacktouniversity.D.Hefailedhisexamsandwasforcedtoleave.43.Whatdidtheauthorstruggletodoafterreturningtoeducation?A.Learnbasicsonthecourse.B.Buildconfidenceinlearning.C.Workhardtopasswrittenexams.D.Trytocatchupinmedicalclasses.44.TheunderlinedwordinParagraph6canbeunderstoodas________.A.raisingpublicawarenessofsomething B.makinganewdiscoveryofsomethingC.acceptingsomethingwillinglyD.attractinggreatattention45.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoconvey?A.Experiencehelpstopromoteexcellence.B.Collegeeducationcontributestosuccess.C.Everyoneshouldbetreatedequallyineducation.D.Adultswithlearningdifficultiesneedspecialeducation.【答案】41.B42.C43.A44.C45.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者有阅读障碍，这个问题导致他的梦想破碎，但通过别人的鼓励和自己的努力他重返教育并获得了成功。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Inprimaryschool,Ididn’ttalktoanyteachersorfamilyaboutthis.Iwascleverathidingit.(上小学的时候，我没有和任何老师或家人谈过这件事。我很聪明地隐藏了它)”可知，作者小学时隐藏了自己的问题。故选B。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Heurgedmetogetbackintoeducation.(他敦促我重新回到教育领域)”和第五段的“IappliedtodoamedicaldegreeattheOpenUniversity(OU).(我申请了开放大学的医学学位)”可知，作者在军队时被劝说回去念大学。故选C。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段的“Itwasbacktobasicsonthecourse.Iknewthealphabetandsomewords,butmyvocabularywassmall.Ipaidforatutor,whoworkedwithmeeveryweek,teachingmetounderstandwordsthroughpictures.(回到了课程的基础。我知道字母表和一些单词，但我的词汇量很小。我花钱请了一位导师，他每周都和我一起学习，教我通过图片理解单词)”可知，回去上学后作者挣扎着学习课程的基础，比如字母表和词汇等。故选A。【44题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段的“Heurgedmetogetbackintoeducation.Iwas34.(他敦促我重新回到教育领域。那年我34岁)”和倒数第二段的“Ittookmenineyearstogetthatdegree.(我花了九年时间才拿到那个学位)”可知，作者34岁重回教育领域，并且花了9年，也就是在自己43岁那年才拿到学位。由此可知，作者因为在较大年龄主动接受教育而获得奖励。因此embrace意为“自愿接受”。故选C。 【45题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Ilookbackandwonderhowmanyotherpeoplehavestruggledwitheducationandwheretheyarenow.I’mproofthatnooneshouldbediscounted(忽视),ever.(回顾过去，我想知道还有多少人曾为教育而奋斗，他们现在在哪里。我证明了任何人都不应该被轻视)”推知，作者通过最后一段传递的信息是：每个人在教育中都应该受到平等对待。故选C。CIntheUK,thegovernmentshowedthrowawaycupsshouldbeforbiddenaltogetherby2023iftheyarenotallbeingrecycled.Asaresult,Starbuckssaiditwouldtryouta5p(5pence)cupchargein20to25centralLondonshops.“Wewillbeginitnextmonthandatfirstitwilllastforthreemonths,”thecompanysaid,addingthatitcontinuedtooffera25p(25pence)discounttocustomerswhobroughttheirownreusablecups.Thegovernmentagreesplasticwasteisaproblemandwillconsidertaxingdisposable(一次性的)plastics.Thecommittee’schair,MaryCreagh,said,“TheUKthrowsaway2.5billiondisposablecoffeecupseveryyear.Almostnonearerecycled.Coffeecupproducersandshopshaven’ttakenactiontochangethis.Soweneedtokick-startachangeinrecycling.”TheLiberalDemocratssaidtheyhadbeensuggestingachargeoncoffeecupssinceSeptember2016.Theparty’sspokesman,TimFarron,said,“Theresultisclearthatthetaxworks.The5pchargeonplasticbagshaslargelycutdowntheusageandhelpedprotectourenvironment.”The5ptaxisbeingagainstbythemakersofpapercups.MikeTuner,ofthePaperCupAlliance,saidpapercupswerethesafestsolutionfordrinks.“ThepapercupsweproduceintheUKcanberecycled,andarebeingrecycled.Wearetryingtoincreaserecyclingrates.Taxingthemorningcoffeerunwon’tsolvetheproblem,butitwillhurtconsumers,”hesaid.Disposablecoffeecupsaretechnicallyrecyclable,butmostarenotbecausetheUKhasjustthreemachinesthatcansplitthepaperandplasticpartsforrecycling.Thecommitteehascalledonthegovernmenttorequirecoffeecupsfromcafeswithoutin-storerecyclingsystemstocarry“notrecycled”markstoremindcustomers.Cafeswithin-storerecyclingsystemsshouldprinttheircupswith“recyclableinstoreonly”.46.Aboutthethrowawaycups,Starbuckswill________.A.offerahalf-pricediscounttocustomerswiththeirowncupsB.supporttheideaofforbiddingthrowawaycupstill2023C.chargecustomers5pperthrowawaycupinsomeshopsD.stoptoofferthrowawaycupsinitsshopsrightnow47.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2? A.Coffeecupmakerswilltakeactiontorecyclethewater.BTheuseofthedisposableplasticsisanationwideproblem.C.Coffeecupuserspaymuchattentiontotheplasticproblem.D.TheUKgovernmentwillbanalldisposablecoffeecupsby2023.48.Whatwillbetheresultofintroducingachargefordisposablecoffeecups,inTimFarron’sopinion?A.Morepeoplewillfightagainstthecharge.B.Therewillbelittlechangeinourenvironment.C.Fewerpeoplewillusethedisposablecoffeecups.D.Therewillbeacompetitionbetweencoffeeshops.49.AccordingtoMikeTurner,taxingthepapercoffeecups________.A.willbesupportedbythemakersofthepapercupsB.willaffecttheconsumersinsteadofsolvingtheproblemC.cangiveahandtoincreasingrecyclingratesofthemakersD.canbethebestsolutionforthegovernmenttocutdownwaste50.What’stherealproblemaboutdisposablecoffeecups’recyclingintheUK?A.Therearenotenoughprofessionalsinthisarea.B.Thereisnotenoughprofessionalequipment.C.Consumersdon’thaverecyclingknowledge.D.Cafesdon’thaverecyclingsystemsatall.【答案】46.C47.B48.C49.B50.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍为了解决塑料垃圾问题英国拟对一次性咖啡杯征税，专家对此举有不同看法，并指真正的问题所在。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Asaresult,Starbuckssaiditwouldtryouta5p(5pence)cupchargein20to25centralLondonshops.(因此，星巴克表示将在伦敦市中心的20至25家门店试行5便士的杯子收费)”可知，星巴克将在一些商店对每只一次性杯子向顾客收取5便士。故选C。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Thecommittee’schair,MaryCreagh,said,“TheUKthrowsaway2.5billiondisposablecoffeecupseveryyear.Almostnonearerecycled.Coffeecupproducersandshopshaven’ttakenactiontochangethis.Soweneedtokick-startachangeinrecycling.”(该委员会主席MaryCreagh说：“英 国每年扔掉25亿个一次性咖啡杯。几乎没有一个是回收的。咖啡杯生产商和商店还没有采取行动来改变这一点。因此，我们需要开始在回收利用方面做出改变。”)”可知，在英国一次性塑料的使用是一个全国性的问题。故选B。【48题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Theparty’sspokesman,TimFarron,said,“Theresultisclearthatthetaxworks.The5pchargeonplasticbagshaslargelycutdowntheusageandhelpedprotectourenvironment.”(该党发言人TimFarron表示：“结果很清楚，这项税收是有效的。对塑料袋收取5便士的费用在很大程度上减少了使用量，有助于保护我们的环境。”)”推知，鉴于对塑料袋征税的情况TimFarron认为对一次性杯子征税后会有更少的人使用一次性咖啡杯。故选C。【49题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段MikeTuner说的话“Taxingthemorningcoffeerunwon’tsolvetheproblem,butitwillhurtconsumers(对早上的咖啡供应征税并不能解决问题，但会伤害消费者)”可知，MikeTuner认为对一次性咖啡杯征税只会影响消费者，不能解决问题。故选B。【50题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Disposablecoffeecupsaretechnicallyrecyclable,butmostarenotbecausetheUKhasjustthreemachinesthatcansplitthepaperandplasticpartsforrecycling.(一次性咖啡杯在技术上是可回收的，但大多数没有被回收，因为英国只有三台机器可以将纸和塑料部分分开回收)”可知，在英国一次性咖啡杯回收的真正问题是没有足够的专业设备。故选B。DNearlyallparentswanttoraiseconfidentchildrenwhobelievestronglyintheirownabilities,buthowexactlydoyouencourageyourchildrentoseethemselvesasintelligentandcompetent?Willcallingyourchildren“smart”helptoimproveconfidence?Researchclearlyshowsthatpraisingchildrenforbeing“smart”isassociatedwithmorenegativeconsequencesthanpraisingchildrenfortheireffort.First,researchfindsthatwhenchildrenarepraisedforbeing“smart,”theytendtobelessinterestedinthelearningitselfandmoreinterestedintheperformanceofthemselvesandothers,ascomparedtochildrenwhoarepraisedfortheireffort.Inaddition,whenfacedwithfailure,childrenpraisedforbeing“smart”tendtoblametheirfailureonnotbeingsmartenoughandarethenmorelikelytojustgiveup.Childrenpraisedfor“hardwork”tendtoconcludethattheysimplyneedtoworkharderwhentheyfail,andthustheyaremorelikelytobepersistent.Childrenwhoarepraisedforbeing“smart”alsotendtoseeintelligenceassomethingtheycan’tchange,whilechildrenpraisedfor“hardwork”aremoremotivatedtokeeplearningortryingtodobetter. Praisingchildrenforbeing“smart”mayevenpromotecheating.Researchfindsthatchildrenwhoarereferredtoas“smart”aremorelikelytocheatthanchildrenpraisedfortheirperformance(“Youdidverywellthistime.”),ornotpraisedatall.Theresearchersguessthatchildrenwhoarecalled“smart”feelpressuredtoupholdthisreputationsotheycheattomakesurethattheirperformanceisconsistentwithbeing“smart”.Sotrynottorefertoyourchildas“smart”oranylabelthatreferstotheirabilities.Researchconsistentlyfindsthatthistypeof“personpraise”hasanegativeimpactonmotivationandpersistence.Instead,praisechildrenfortheirhardworkandeffort.Youcanalsopraisethemfortheirfocusonatask,persistenceinsomethingdifficult,orthestrategytheyuse,soinsteadofsaying,“Wow,youaresosmart,”trysaying,“Whatagreatideatobuildastrongbaseforyourtowerbeforeyoustartedbuilding!”51.Whatisthefindingoftheresearch?A.Praisingchildrenfortheireffortbenefitstheminmanyways.B.Callingchildren“smart”helpsimproveconfidence.C.Childrenpraisedforbeing“smart”tendtofail.D.Intelligenceissomethingthatwecanchange.52.Whyarechildrencalled“smart”morelikelytocheat?A.Theyaremorepersistentwhenfacedwithfailure.B.Theyaremoreinterestedinperformancethaninlearning.C.Theybelieveintelligenceissomethingthatcan’tbechanged.D.Theyfeeltheneedtomaintaintheirreputationasbeing“smart”.53.Whichofthefollowingwouldtheauthoragreewithinpraisingchildren?A.Youaresogoodatmath.B.Wow,youaresoexcellent.C.Iloveitwhenyouchallengeyourselfwithreading.D.Youareatalentedsingerandcaneasilyoutperformmostothers.54.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Thenegativeconsequencesofpraisingchildrenforbeing“smart”.B.Therelationshipbetween“smart”praiseandcheatinginchildren.C.Thestrategiesofpraisingchildrenfortheirhardworkandeffort.D.Thebenefitsofpraisingchildrenfortheirpersistenceandfocus.55.Whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthepassage?A.Callingachild“smart”maynotbebeneficialforhim. B.Childrenpraisedforbeing“smart”performbetter.C.Praisecanmakechildrenmoreconfident.D.Parentsshouldpraisetheirchildrenless.【答案】51.A52.D53.C54.C55.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出表扬孩子“聪明”比表扬孩子努力带来更多的负面后果，建议家长表扬孩子的努力、专注、坚持等。【51题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Childrenpraisedfor“hardwork”tendtoconcludethattheysimplyneedtoworkharderwhentheyfail,andthustheyaremorelikelytobepersistent.Childrenwhoarepraisedforbeing“smart”alsotendtoseeintelligenceassomethingtheycan’tchange,whilechildrenpraisedfor“hardwork”aremoremotivatedtokeeplearningortryingtodobetter.(那些被称赞“努力”的孩子往往会认为，他们只是需要在失败时更加努力，因此他们更有可能坚持不懈。被称赞为“聪明”的孩子也倾向于认为智力是他们无法改变的，而被称赞为“努力学习”的孩子更有动力继续学习或努力做得更好)”可知，表扬孩子“努力”在很多方面都对孩子有好处。故选A。【52题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Theresearchersguessthatchildrenwhoarecalled“smart”feelpressuredtoupholdthisreputationsotheycheattomakesurethattheirperformanceisconsistentwithbeing“smart”.(研究人员猜测，那些被称为“聪明”的孩子迫于压力要保持这种声誉，所以他们会作弊，以确保他们的表现与“聪明”相符)”可知，那些被称赞“聪明”的孩子更有可能作弊，是因为他们觉得有必要保持自己“聪明”的声誉。故选D。【53题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Instead,praisechildrenfortheirhardworkandeffort.Youcanalsopraisethemfortheirfocusonatask,persistenceinsomethingdifficult,orthestrategytheyuse,soinsteadofsaying,“Wow,youaresosmart,”trysaying,“Whatagreatideatobuildastrongbaseforyourtowerbeforeyoustartedbuilding!”(相反，要表扬孩子的努力。你也可以赞扬他们对一项任务的专注，对困难的坚持，或者他们使用的策略，所以不要说，“哇，你真聪明”，试着说，“在开始建造之前为你的塔建立一个坚固的基础是多么好的主意!”)”可知，作者认为要表扬孩子的努力、专注、坚持、他们使用的策略等。由此推知C项“我喜欢你用阅读挑战自己”是作者赞成的表扬孩子的做法，因为这属于对困难的坚持。故选C。【54题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段的“Instead,praisechildrenfortheirhardworkandeffort.Youcanalsopraise themfortheirfocusonatask,persistenceinsomethingdifficult,orthestrategytheyuse,soinsteadofsaying,“Wow,youaresosmart,”trysaying,“Whatagreatideatobuildastrongbaseforyourtowerbeforeyoustartedbuilding!”(相反，要表扬孩子的努力。你也可以赞扬他们对一项任务的专注，对困难的坚持，或者他们使用的策略，所以不要说，“哇，你真聪明”，试着说，“在开始建造之前为你的塔建立一个坚固的基础是多么好的主意!”)”可知，本段主要介绍了表扬孩子努力的策略。故选C。【55题详解】细节理解题。通读全文，并结合第二段的“Researchclearlyshowsthatpraisingchildrenforbeing“smart”isassociatedwithmorenegativeconsequencesthanpraisingchildrenfortheireffort.(研究清楚地表明，表扬孩子“聪明”比表扬孩子的努力带来更多的负面后果)”，第三段的“Childrenwhoarepraisedforbeing“smart”alsotendtoseeintelligenceassomethingtheycan’tchange(被称赞为“聪明”的孩子也倾向于认为智力是他们无法改变的)”，和第四段的“Praisingchildrenforbeing“smart”mayevenpromotecheating.(表扬孩子“聪明”甚至可能助长作弊行为)”可知，作者通过这篇文章传达的信息是说一个孩子“聪明”可能带来负面后果，即这种做法对孩子没有好处。故选A。第Ⅱ卷注意事项：1.用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。2.本卷共6小题，共35分。第三部分：写作第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。Ataxidrivertaughtmeamillion-dollarlessonincustomersatisfactionandexpectation.Motivationalspeakerschargethousandsofdollarstogivethiskindoftrainingtocorporateexecutives(企业高管)andstaff.Itcostmea$12taxiride.IhadflownintoDallasfortheonlypurposeofcallingonacustomer.Timewasoftheessenceandmyplanincludedaquickturnaroundtripfromandbacktotheairport.Aspotlesstaxipulledup.ThedriverrushedtoopenthepassengerdoorformeandmadesureIwascomfortablyseatedbeforeheclosedthedoor.Ashegotinthedriver’sseat,hementionedthattheneatlyfolded“WallStreetJournal”nexttomewasformyuse.HethenshowedmeseveraltapesandaskedmewhattypeofmusicIwouldenjoy.Well!Ilookedaroundfora“CandidCamera”!Wouldn’tyou?IcouldnotbelievetheserviceIwasreceiving!Itooktheopportunitytosay,“Obviouslyyoutakegreatprideinyourwork.Youmusthaveastorytotell.”“Youbet,”hereplied,“IusedtobeinCorporateAmerica.ButIgottiredofthinkingmybestwouldneverbe goodenough.IdecidedtofindmynicheinlifewhereIcouldfeelproudofbeingthebestIcouldbe.IknewIwouldneverbearocketscientist,butIlovedrivingcars,beingofserviceandfeelinglikeIhavedoneafullday’sworkanddoneitwell.SoIbecameataxidriver.OnethingIknowforsure,tobegoodinmybusinessIcouldsimplyjustmeettheexpectationsofmypassengers.But,tobeGREATinmybusiness,IhavetoEXCEEDthecustomer’sexpectations!Ilikeboththesoundandthereturnofbeing‘great’betterthanjustgettingbyon‘average’”.56.WhydidtheauthorflytoDallas?(nomorethan5words)_____________________________________________________57.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?(nomorethan10words)_____________________________________________________58.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph5probablymean?(1word)_____________________________________________________59.Accordingtothedriver’swordsinParagraph5,whatmadehimbecomeataxidriver?(nomorethan10words)_____________________________________________________60.What’syourdreamjob?Andhowwouldyoudoittogofrom“GOOD”to“GREAT”?(nomorethan20words)_____________________________________________________【答案】56.Tocallon/visitacustomer.57.Impressivethingsthedriverdidfortheauthor.58.Job./Career.59.Hislovefordrivingservingandgettingthingswelldone.60.Open.Forexample:Iwanttobeadoctor.Besidescaringforpatients,Iwanttobettermyworkbylearningmoreandpracticingmore.【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述作者在达拉斯遇到一位热爱自己工作的出租车司机，他的所言所行让作者明白了如何满足顾客的期待，让顾客满意。【56题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段的“IhadflownintoDallasfortheonlypurposeofcallingonacustomer.(我飞到达拉斯的唯一目的就是去拜访一位顾客)”可知，作者去达拉斯的目的是拜访一位顾客。故答案为Tocallon/visitacustomer.【57题详解】 考查主旨大意。根据第三段“ThedriverrushedtoopenthepassengerdoorformeandmadesureIwascomfortablyseatedbeforeheclosedthedoor.Ashegotinthedriver’sseat,hementionedthattheneatlyfolded“WallStreetJournal”nexttomewasformyuse.HethenshowedmeseveraltapesandaskedmewhattypeofmusicIwouldenjoy.(司机冲过来为我打开副驾驶座的门，确保我已经舒服地坐好后，他才关门。当他坐上驾驶座时，他提到我旁边那份叠得整整齐齐的《华尔街日报》是给我用的。然后他给我看了几盘磁带，问我喜欢什么类型的音乐)”可知，第三段讲述司机为作者做的一些令人印象深刻的事情。故答案为Impressivethingsthedriverdidfortheauthor.【58题详解】考查词句猜测。根据第五段的“IknewIwouldneverbearocketscientist,butIlovedrivingcars,beingofserviceandfeelinglikeIhavedoneafullday’sworkanddoneitwell.SoIbecameataxidriver.(我知道我永远不会成为一名火箭科学家，但我喜欢开车，喜欢为他人服务，喜欢感觉自己完成了一整天的工作，而且做得很好。所以我成了一名出租车司机)”可知，司机在谈论能让自己感到骄傲并发挥自己所长的工作。由此猜测niche意为“工作”。故答案为Job./Career.【59题详解】考查细节理解。根据第五段的“IknewIwouldneverbearocketscientist,butIlovedrivingcars,beingofserviceandfeelinglikeIhavedoneafullday’sworkanddoneitwell.SoIbecameataxidriver.(我知道我永远不会成为一名火箭科学家，但我喜欢开车，喜欢为他人服务，喜欢感觉自己完成了一整天的工作，而且做得很好。所以我成了一名出租车司机)”可知，司机认为对驾驶、为他人服务、把事情做好的爱好让他成为了出租车司机。故答案为Hislovefordriving,servingandgettingthingswelldone.【60题详解】开放性题目。该题为开放性题目，答案符合题目要求和字数即可。例如：Iwanttobeadoctor.Besidescaringforpatients,Iwanttobettermyworkbylearningmoreandpracticingmore.第二节：书面表达(满分25分)61.假设你是晨光中学的学生李津。你的英国笔友Chris的学校将要举办一场“AmazingChina”中国展活动，在筹备过程中，他写信向你寻求建议。请根据以下提示给他写一封回信。(1)建议他介绍一种有关中国文化的活动(如中国诗词大会、中国戏曲表演等)；(2)给出建议该活动的理由；(3)表达美好祝愿。注意：(1)词数不少于100；(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； (3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：中国诗词大会ChinesePoetryCompetition中国戏曲表演ChineseOperaPerformanceDearChris,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________YoursLiJin【答案】DearChris,LearningthatyouarepreparingfortheChinaExhibitionnamed“AmazingChina”,I’mwritingtosuggestthatyouintroducetheChinesePoetryCompetition.IthasbeensuccessfullyheldforseveraltimesatCCTV.Ontheonehand,therearemanyforeignersinterestedinancientChinesepoetry,soIbelievethistopicwillattracttheattentionoftheteachersandstudentsofyourschool,makingthemlearnmoreaboutChinesetraditionalculturethroughthisactivity.Ontheotherhand,Iamveryfamiliarwithpoetryandcanofferyouhelpwhennecessary.Isincerelyhopethattheeventwillbeasuccessfulone.Lookingforwardtoyourgoodnews.Yours,LiJin【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生建议英国笔友Chris选择有关中国文化的活动作为“AmazingChina”中国展的话题，并给出理由。【详解】1.词汇积累称为：name→call推荐：suggest→recommend对……感兴趣：beinterestedin→takeinterestin 吸引：attract→appealto2.句型拓展合并句子原句：LearningthatyouarepreparingfortheChinaExhibitionnamed“AmazingChina”,I’mwritingtosuggestthatyouintroducetheChinesePoetryCompetition.IthasbeensuccessfullyheldforseveraltimesatCCTV.拓展句：LearningthatyouarepreparingfortheChinaExhibitionnamed“AmazingChina”,I’mwritingtosuggestthatyouintroducetheChinesePoetryCompetition,whichhasbeensuccessfullyheldforseveraltimesatCCTV.【点睛】[高分句型1]LearningthatyouarepreparingfortheChinaExhibitionnamed“AmazingChina”,I’mwritingtosuggestthatyouintroducetheChinesePoetryConference.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和过去分词作定语）[高分句型2]Ontheotherhand,Iamveryfamiliarwithpoetryandcanofferyouhelpwhennecessary.（运用了状语从句的省略）