上海市华东政法大学附属松江高级中学2022-2023学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题（解析版）.docx

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华政附高2022学年度高一第一学期期末考试英语试卷(满分150分，完卷时间120分钟)考生注意：1．务必将所有答案做在答题纸上，答题时间结束后，在规定时间内按答题纸上所写答案点选选择题，并将答题纸按顺序拍照上传;2．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。I.ListeningComprehension(30%)SectionA(10%)Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Inarestaurant.B.Inahairsalon.C.Atatailor’sshop.D.Atthecinema.2.A.Readingforrelaxation.B.Goingtoateahouse.C.Goingskiing.D.Flyingkites.3.A.Doctorandpatient.B.Librarianandreader.C.Actorandactress.D.Waitressandcustomer.4.A.At2:00.B.At3:00C.At4:45.D.At5:15.5.A.He’scapableofhandlinganything.B.Heisaprofessionalphotographer.C.Coolweathermakesperfectphotos.D.Thecameraiseasytouse.6.A.Hehasgonetovisithismother.B.Hehasaskedforasickleave.C.HehasfoundanewjobinEurope.D.Hehasdonesomethingwrong.7.A.Theylivedinthesameneighbourhood.B.Theywenttothesamecollege.C.He’sknownMargieforalongtime.D.It’sthefirsttimehehasmetMargie.8.A.Thenearestpostofficeisnexttothepolicestation.B.Themanisworkingintheofficebuilding.C.Themanoughttogetoffatthenextbusstop.第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 D.Thepostofficeistwoblocksawayfromthepolicestation.9.A.Heagreesonsettingthebed.B.Hewantstolookforaplacetolive.C.He’dliketoinvitetwofriendstovisit.D.Hewillchangehisphonenumberimmediately.10.A.Bothofthemaresportsfans.B.Themanwantstobuyafantocooldown.C.Thereisafanexhibitionnow.D.They’llplayatennisgametogether.SectionB(20%)Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Fewerthanfiveminutes.B.Fivetotenminutes.C.Aslongaspossible.D.Morethantenminutes.12.A.Fireyourimagination.B.Getmoreeconomicprofits.C.Showrespecttotheoldestfamilymembers.D.Recognizemorefamilymembers.13.A.Makeawelcomeaddress.B.Createawards.C.Keepafamilyeventmemo.D.PrintaFamilyBook.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.AstudentinDeepSpringCollege.B.Aneditorofamagazine.C.Apolitician.D.Aprofessor.15.A.Developingfarmingindesert.B.Carryingoutalong-termproject.C.Gettingyouthsreadytoservepeople.D.Helpingstudentsmake$50,000peryear.16.A.Toattendateachingshow.B.TointerviewtheStudentBodymembers.C.Tobringnewenergytothecollege.D.Toapplyforteachervacancies(职位空缺)inthecollege.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Badweatherconditions.B.Injuries.第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 C.Lackofteamspirit.D.Unfairjudge.18.A.Therefereesmadesometerriblecallsagainstsomeplayers.B.Theyweredisqualifiedforunsportsmanlikebehaviour.C.Oneoftheirplayersshottheballintothewronggoal.D.Terriblecallsallowedtheopposingteamtoslipbywithavictory.19.A.Untiltheotherteammadeanamazingcomeback.B.Untilsomeoftheirplayerswereejectedfromthegame.C.Untiltheirfansbooedtheteamandleftthestadium.D.Untiltheirplayerstriedtheirbest.20.A.Hedoesn’tcarewhowinsatthispoint.B.Hewantsthehostnationtowin.C.Hehopesthematchesarecancelled.D.Hewantstheforeignerteamtowin.II.GrammarandVocabulary(27%)SectionA(12%)(A)Directions:Afterreadingthetwopassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.NativeAmericanIndiansexpressedthemselvesthroughtheirartwork,whichiscarvedontototempoles(图腾柱).Carvingtotempoleswasatraditionamongmanytribes,especiallythosethatlivedalongthePacificcoast____1____forestsgrew.Theheightoftotempolescanvaryconsiderably.Longagototempoles____2____(find)tostandaround12mtall.Today,nativeAmericanIndianartistscontinuetocarvetrees,butsometotempolesareshortandareusedinhomesasdecoration.Itisnotsurprisingthatagenuinepolewillcostmorethan$1,500permetre____3____traditionallycarvedtotempolesinvolveagreatdealofwork,craftsmanshipandtimetoproduce.TheraisingofatotempoleisanimportantcelebrationamongtheIndiatribe.Aholeisdugforthepoletostandin.Thepoleiscarriedtothesiteinaceremony____4____otherhundredsofpeopleattend.Ropesareusedtoraisethepoleintoplace.Singinganddancingtodrumsaccompaniesthepoleraising.Manypeoplebelievethattotempolesarereligioussymbols,butthisideaisfalse.Insteadof____5____(act)asreligioussymbols,carvingsrepresentthetribalnationandconveythetribe’shistory.Thestoryofatotempoleisfrequentlypasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.Thesedays,manytotempolesnolongerexistduetodecay第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 androt.However,therearestillsometribes____6____continuetopracticethisancienttradition,andthosetotempolesarestillbeingenjoyedbycollectionsoftribalart.【答案】1.where2.werefound3.because##as##since4.which##that5.acting6.that##which【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。美洲土著印第安人通过雕刻在图腾柱上的艺术品来表达自己。雕刻图腾柱是许多部落的传统，尤其是那些生活在森林生长的太平洋海岸的部落。【1题详解】考查定语从句。句意：美洲土著印第安人通过雕刻在图腾柱上的艺术品来表达自己。雕刻图腾柱是许多部落的传统，尤其是那些生活在森林生长的太平洋海岸的部落。此处为定语从句修饰先行词thePacificcoast，从句缺少地点状语，故用where引导。故填where。【2题详解】考查时态语态。句意：很久以前，人们发现图腾柱大约有12米高。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据Longago可知为一般过去时的被动语态。故填werefound。【3题详解】考查状语从句。句意：一根真正的图腾柱每米售价超过1500美元并不奇怪，因为传统雕刻的图腾柱需要大量的工作、工艺和时间来制作。引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”可用because、as或since。故填because/as/since。【4题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在数百人参加的仪式上，这根杆子被抬到现场。定语从句修饰先行词ceremony，从句缺少宾语，指物，故填which/that。【5题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：雕刻不是作为宗教象征，而是代表部落国家，传达部落的历史。作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填acting。【6题详解】考查定语从句。句意：然而，仍有一些继续实践这一古老的传统的部落，这些图腾柱仍然被部落艺术收藏。此处为定语从句修饰先行词tribes，从句缺少主语，指物，故填that/which。(B)第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Directions:Afterreadingthetwopassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.InCanadayoucanfinddogs,cats,horsesetc.inalmosteveryfamily.Thesearetheirpets.Peoplelovethesepetsandhavethemastheirgoodfriends.____7____theykeepthemintheirhouses,theytakethemtoanimalhospitalstogivetheminjections(注射)sothattheywon’tcarrydiseaseafterwards.Theyhavespecialanimalfoodstores,____8____theycangetanimalfoodinalmosteverykindofstore.SomepeoplespendaroundtwohundredCanadiandollarsamonthonanimalfood.____9____youvisitpeople’shouses,theywouldbeverygladtoshowyoutheirpetsandtheyareveryproudofthem.Youwillalsofindthatalmosteveryfamilyhasabirdfeederintheirgarden.Allkindsofbirdsarewelcomedtocomeandhaveagoodmeal.Theyarefreetocomeandgoandnobody____10____(allow)tokillanyanimalinCanada.Theyhavealaw____11____killingwildanimals.Ifyoukilledananimal,youwouldbepunished.Ifananimalhappenedtogetrunoverbycar,peoplewouldbeverysadaboutit.PeopleinCanadahavemanyreasonstolikeanimals.Oneofthemmightbe:Theirfamilytiesarenotascloseas____12____.Whenchildrengrowup,theyleavetheirparentsandstarttheirownlife.Thentheoldwillfeellonely.Butpetscansolvethisproblem.Theycanbegoodfriendsandneverleavethemalone.【答案】7.Before8.though##although9.When10.isallowed11.against12.ours【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在加拿大，几乎每个家庭都能找到狗，猫，马等，他们是加拿大人的宠物，人们喜欢这些宠物，宠物是他们的好朋友。【7题详解】考查状语从句。句意：在把它们养在家里之前，他们会把它们带到动物医院给它们注射疫苗，这样它们之后就不会携带疾病了。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用连词引导状语从句，结合句意可知，在养宠物“之前”，需要带宠物进行检查，应用before引导时间状语从句，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Before。【8题详解】第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管他们可以在几乎所有的商店买到动物食品，但他们有专门的动物食品商店。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用连词引导状语从句，结合句意分析，此处表达“虽然宠物食品随处可买，但他们有专门的宠物商店”，主从句是让步关系，因此需要使用连词though/although，故填though/although。【9题详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：当你去别人家做客时，他们会很高兴给你看他们的宠物，并为它们感到自豪。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用连词引导状语从句，结合句意可知，此处表达“当你去做客时，主人会展示宠物”，因此需要使用时间状语从句连词when，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填When。【10题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：他们可以自由来去，在加拿大任何人都不被允许杀死任何动物。根据所给句子分析可知，此处谓语动词表示叙述一般事实，因此需要使用一般现在时，主语nobody为单数概念，且与allow是被动关系，因此需要使用一般现在时的被动语态，故填isallowed。【11题详解】考查介词。句意：他们有一条禁止杀害野生动物的法律。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用介词，表达法律“禁止……”，因此需要使用against。故填against。【12题详解】考查名词性物主代词。句意：其中一个可能是：他们的家庭关系不像我们的那么亲密。根据所给句子及句意分析可知，此处需要使用名词性物主代词代指前文出现的“familyties(家庭关系)”，应用ours表示“我们的家庭关系”。故填ours。SectionB(15%)Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.dislikeB.satisfyC.placeD.familiarE.understandingF.roleG.honouringH.averageI.improvedJ.strictK.collectionArtmuseumsareplaceswherepeoplecanlearnaboutvariouscultures.Theincreasinglypopular“designmuseums”thatareopeningtoday,however,performquiteadifferent____13____.Unlikemostartmuseums,thedesignmuseumshowsobjectsthatareeasilyfoundbythegeneralpublic.Thesemuseumssometimeseven____14____thingslikerefrigeratorsandwashingmachinesinthecentreofthehall.Peoplehavearguedthatdesignmuseumsareoftenmadeuseofasadvertisementsfornewindustrialtechnology.Buttheirroleisnotsimplyamatterofsales–itisthe____15____ofexcellentlyinventedproducts.Thedifferencebetweenthewindowofadepartmentstoreandtheshowcaseonadesignmuseumisthatthefirsttriestosellyousomething,whilethesecondtellsyouthesuccessofasale.第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Oneadvantageofdesignmuseumsisthattheyareplaceswherepeoplefeel____16____withtheexhibits.Unlikethe____17____artmuseumvisitors,designmuseumvisitorsseldomfeelfrightenedorpuzzled.Thisispartlybecausedesignmuseumsclearlyshowhowandwhymass-producedproductswork,andhowdesignhas____18____thequalityofourlives.Artmuseumexhibits,ontheotherhand,wouldmostprobablyfillvisitorswithafeelingthatthereissomethingbeyondtheir____19____.Inrecentyears,severalnewdesignmuseumshaveopenedtheirdoors.Eachofthesemuseumshastriedto____20____thepublic’sgrowinginterestinthefieldwithnewideas.London’sDesignMuseum,forexample,showsa____21____ofmass-producedobjectsfromZippolighterstoelectrictypewriterstoagroupofItalianfish-tins.Thechoicesopentodesignmuseumsseemfarless_____22_____thanthosetoartmuseums.【答案】13.F14.C15.G16.D17.H18.I19.E20.B21.K22.J【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。这篇文章讲的是设计博物馆的本质和特色，以及它们和普通的艺术博物馆的区别。【13题详解】考查名词。句意：然而，今天开放的越来越受欢迎的“设计博物馆”却扮演着完全不同的角色。分析句子可知，空格处为名词作宾语，此处表示“扮演不同的角色”，应用名词role“角色”，符合句意。故选F。【14题详解】考查动词。句意：这些博物馆有时甚至把冰箱和洗衣机之类的东西陈列在大厅的中央。分析句子可知，空格处为简单句的谓语动词，句子描述一般性事实，为一般现在时，主语Thesemuseums为复数形式，动词原形place“陈列；放置”，符合句意。故选C项。【15题详解】考查名词。句意：但它们的角色不仅仅是销售，而是对优秀发明产品的致敬。根据前面冠词the可知，空格处应填名词，honouring“致敬；敬意”为名词，thehonouringofsth意为“对……的致敬”，符合句意。故选G项。【16题详解】考查形容词。句意：设计博物馆的一个优点是，在那里人们会对展品感到熟悉。根据空格前的感官动词feel可知，空格处应填形容词，作表语，familiar“熟悉的”为形容词，符合句意。故选D项。第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【17题详解】考查形容词。句意：与一般艺术博物馆的参观者不同，设计博物馆的参观者很少感到害怕或困惑。根据后文“artmuseumvisitors”可知，空格处应填形容词作定语，average“普通的；一般的”为形容词，符合句意。故选H项。【18题详解】考查动词。句意：这在一定程度上是因为设计博物馆清楚地展示了大规模生产的产品如何以及为什么会这样工作和外观，以及设计是如何提高我们的生活质量的。根据空格前的助动词has可知，空格处为宾语从句中的谓语动词，应使用动词的过去分词形式与has构成现在完成时，improved“改善；提高”为动词，符合句意。故选I项。【19题详解】考查名词。句意：艺术博物馆的展品很可能会让参观者感受到他们无法理解的东西。根据前面形容词性物主代词their可知，空格处应填名词，understanding“理解”为名词，beyondone’sunderstanding意为“超出某人的理解范围”，符合句意。故选E项。20题详解】考查动词。句意：这些博物馆都试图用新理念来满足公众对这一领域日益增长的兴趣。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语动词hastried的宾语，trytodosth意为“努力做某事”，satisfy“满足”为动词，符合句意。故选B项。【21题详解】考查名词。句意：例如，伦敦设计博物馆展示了一系列大规模生产的物品，从Zippo打火机到电动打字机，再到一组意大利鱼罐头。根据前面冠词a可知，空格处应填名词，collection“空间”为可数名词，acollectionof意为“一批；一些”，常修饰比较珍贵的文物，符合句意。故选K项。【22题详解】考查形容词。句意：设计博物馆的选择似乎远没有艺术博物馆那么严格。分析句子可知，空格处为表语，可填形容词，strict“严格的”为形容词，符合句意。故选J项。III..ReadingComprehension(45%)SectionA(15%)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.HighschoolbiologyteacherKellyChavisknewsmartphoneswereaprobleminherclass.Foroneclassperiod,studentsusedawhiteboardtocounteverySnapchat,Instagram,text,callorothernotificationsthatappearedontheirphones.Chavistoldstudentsnotto____23____thesenotifications.Teachersaroundthecountryhavedonesimilarexperiments,usually____24____dozensofmarkingsonthe第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 whiteboard.Chavis,whoteacheshonours-levelclasses,was____25____bytheresultsofherexperiment.Chavisisamongagrowingnumberofteachers,parentsandhealthexpertswhobelievethatsmartphonesarenowpartlytoblameforincreasingthelevelsofstudent____26____.Theuseofelectronicdevicesisso____27____thattheNationalEducationAssociationnewslettersaiditwasa“mentalhealthtsunami(海啸)”.Tests,after-schoolactivitiesandproblemsathomecanincrease____28____forstudents.Butresearchnow____29____thatsmartphonesandsocialmediaaresomeofthemainreasonsfortherisinglevelsofuneasiness.Lastyear,aneditorialinthejournalPaediatricsproposedthatdoctorsaskyoungpatientsabouttheirsocialmediauseaspartofroutineexams.Threeresearcherswrotethattoomuchsocialmediausemight____30____thedevelopmentofmentalhealthdisturbanceinat-riskteenagers,suchasfeelingsof____31____,depressionandanxiety.Researchersarestillnotsurewhetherphonescausestudentdepressionordepressioncausesphoneuse._____32_____70percentofteensseeanxietyanddepressionasmajorproblemsamongtheirpeers,accordingtoaPewResearchreport.Nearly60percentofparentssaidtheywere_____33_____abouttheinfluenceofsocialmediaontheirchildren’sphysicalandmentalhealth.Schoolsarestartingtotakestepstodealwiththeproblem.Manypublicschoolspayoutsidecompaniestowatchstudents’socialmediaactivityforsignsof_____34_____.Othersinviteinyogateachersandcomfortdogstohelp_____35_____students.Someschoolshaveorganizedunpluggedevents—daysinwhichpeopledonotusetheirelectronicdevices.Lessthan20percentofstudentsandschoolemployeestookpart,_____36_____thecontrolthattechnologyhasovertheirdailylives.Someparentsarenotlettingtheirchildrengetsmartphonesuntiltheygrowup.DeirdreBirminghamofNewJersey_____37_____acampaigncalled“WaitUntilEighteenth”becauseshedidn’tthinkhervideogame-loving10-year-oldsonwasreadyforasmartphone.Thecampaigninvolvesgroupsofparentswhohavechildreninthesameclass.Theseparentsagreenottolettheirchildrengetphonesuntiltheyareteenagers.23.A.switchonB.respondtoC.openupD.callat24.A.interpretingB.comparingC.recordingD.teaching25.A.movedB.shockedC.delightedD.saddened26A.approvalB.enrolmentC.commitmentD.anxiety27.A.convenientB.uniqueC.attractiveD.widespread28.A.disorderB.stressC.confusionD.pain29.A.suggestsB.analysesC.recommendsD.expresses第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 30.A.resultfromB.contributetoC.cutdownD.pushfor31.A.prideB.isolationC.guiltD.love32.A.YetB.EvenC.OtherwiseD.Thus33.A.excitedB.doubtfulC.concernedD.warned34.A.distressB.participationC.dropoutD.crime35.A.handleB.encourageC.calmD.inspire36.A.restoringB.worseningC.causingD.showing37.A.joinedinB.steppedupC.wentagainstD.appealedto【答案】23.B24.C25.B26.D27.D28.B29.A30.B31.B32.A33.C34.A35.C36.D37.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项调查研究，研究表明社交媒体、电子设备对学生的心理健康的不良影响，引起家长的担忧。【23题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Chavis告诉学生不要回复这些通知。A.switchon打开；B.respondto回应；C.openup拆开，开通；D.callat到……进行短暂访问。根据前文“Foroneclassperiod,studentsusedawhiteboardtocounteverySnapchat,Instagram,text,callorothernotificationsthatappearedontheirphones.”及后文“similarexperiments”可知，老师是在做实验，统计数目，不让学生回复这些通知。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：全国各地的教师都做过类似的实验，通常会在白板上记录几十个标记。A.interpreting诠释；B.comparing比较；C.recording记录；D.teaching教学。根据前文“Foroneclassperiod,studentsusedawhiteboardtocounteverySnapchat,Instagram,text,callorothernotificationsthatappearedontheirphones.”可知，实验结果是在白板上记录了许多标记。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：教授荣誉等级课程的Chavis对她的实验结果感到震惊。A.moved使感动；B.shocked使震惊；C.delighted使高兴；D.saddened使悲伤。根据语境和前文“usually____2____dozensofmarkingsonthewhiteboard”可知，老师对实验结果感到震惊。故选B项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Chavis是越来越多的教师、家长和健康专家中的一员，他们认为智能手机现在是增加学生焦虑程度的部分原因。A.approval批准；B.enrolment注册；C.commitment承诺；D.anxiety焦虑。根据下一段中“smartphonesandsocialmediaaresomeofthemainreasonsfortherisinglevelsof第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 uneasiness”可知，智能手机增加学生的焦虑程度。故选D项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：电子设备的使用如此广泛，以至于美国国家教育协会通讯称这是一场“心理健康海啸”。A.convenient方便的；B.unique独特的；C.attractive有吸引力的；D.widespread广泛的。根据后文“itwasa‘mentalhealthtsunami(海啸)’”及第五段中“toomuchsocialmediause”可知，电子设备被广泛使用。故选D项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：考试、课后活动和家庭问题会增加学生的压力。A.disorder紊乱；B.stress压力，紧张；C.confusion混淆；D.pain痛苦。根据后文“therisinglevelsofuneasiness”可知，此处指学生的“压力”。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但现在的研究表明，智能手机和社交媒体是不安情绪上升的一些主要原因。A.suggests建议，表明，暗示；B.analyses分析；C.recommends推荐；D.expresses表达。根据后文“smartphonesandsocialmediaaresomeofthemainreasonsfortherisinglevelsofuneasiness”可知，这是研究所表明的结果。故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：三名研究人员写道，过多的社交媒体使用可能会导致严重影响青少年的心理健康障碍，如孤立感、抑郁和焦虑。A.resultfrom起因于；B.contributeto贡献于，促成，是……的部分原因；C.cutdown削减；D.pushfor推动。根据前文“toomuchsocialmediause”和后文“thedevelopmentofmentalhealthdisturbanceinat-riskteenagers”可知，过多的社交媒体使用可能会导致青少年的心理健康障碍。故选B项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：三名研究人员写道，过多的社交媒体使用可能会导致严重影响青少年的心理健康障碍，如孤立感、抑郁和焦虑。A.pride骄傲；B.isolation孤独；C.guilt内疚；D.love爱。根据前文“mentalhealthdisturbance”及后文“depressionandanxiety”可知，孤独感属于心理健康障碍。故选B项。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，根据Pew研究中心的一份报告，70%的青少年认为焦虑和抑郁是同龄人的主要问题。A.Yet然而；B.Even甚至；C.Otherwise否则；D.Thus因此，从而。后文“70percentofteensseeanxietyanddepressionasmajorproblemsamongtheirpeers”和前文“Researchersarestillnotsurewhetherphonescausestudentdepressionordepressioncausesphoneuse.”之间存在转折关系。故选A项。【33题详解】第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 考查形容词（过去分词）词义辨析。句意：近60%的家长表示，他们担心社交媒体对孩子身心健康的影响。A.excited激动的；B.doubtful可疑的；C.concerned担心的，关注的；D.warned被警告的。根据语境和后文“theinfluenceofsocialmediaontheirchildren’sphysicalandmentalhealth”可知，对孩子身心健康的影响引起家长的担心。故选C项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多公立学校付钱给外部公司，让他们观察学生的社交媒体活动，寻找焦虑的迹象。A.distress忧虑，悲伤；B.participation参与；C.dropout退出；D.crime罪行。根据前文“____10____70percentofteensseeanxietyanddepressionasmajorproblemsamongtheirpeers”可知，他们在调查焦虑（忧虑）的迹象。故选A项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他人则邀请瑜伽老师和安抚犬来帮助学生平静下来。A.handle处理；B.encourage鼓励；C.calm使镇静；D.inspire激励。根据前文“inviteinyogateachersandcomfortdogs”可知，他们邀请瑜伽老师和安抚犬来帮助学生平静下来。故选C项。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不到20%的学生和学校员工参加了此次活动，显示出科技对他们日常生活的控制。A.restoring恢复；B.worsening恶化；C.causing引起；D.showing显示，表明。根据前文“unpluggedevents”和后文“thecontrolthattechnologyhasovertheirdailylives”可知，实验结果显示出科技对日常生活的控制。故选D项。【37题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：新泽西州的DeirdreBirmingham参加了一项名为“等到十八岁”的活动，因为她认为自己热爱电子游戏的10岁儿子还没有准备好智能手机。A.joinedin参加；B.steppedup增强，提高；C.wentagainst反对，违背；D.appealedto吸引，呼吁。根据后文“acampaigncalled‘WaitUntilEighteenth’”可知，此处指参加了一项活动。故选A项。SectionB(22%)Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)EverydaywhenGlenOliverordershismorningcoffeeatthedrive-throughwindowofalocalcafe,heinsistsonpayingfortheorderofthepersonbehindhim.Healsoaskstherestaurantworkerstotellthecustomertohaveagreatday,incasethey’renotalreadyhavingone.第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 OliverhasnevermadeabigdealoutofhisowngenerousactionsuntilaletterwaspublishedbyanewswebsiteinNovember.Hefoundoutthathehadnotjustboughtsomeonehisbreakfast—hehadsavedalife.Accordingtothewebsite,someonehadwrittenaletterstatingthatonJuly18th,hewasplanningoncommittingsuicide.Thewritersaidthatwhilehewasatthedrive-throughwindow,hewasplanningongoinghome,writinganoteandendinghislife.Whenhewenttopayforhiscoffeeandmuffin,however,thecashiertoldhimthatthemanintheSUVinfrontofhimhadpickedupthetabandtoldhimtohaveagreatday.“Iwonderedwhysomeonewouldbuycoffeeforastrangerfornoreason,”saidthewriter.“Whyme?Whytoday?IfIwereareligiousman,Iwouldtakethisasasign.Thisrandomactofkindnesswasdirectedatmeonthisdayforapurpose.”Whenthewriterarrivedhome,hecouldn’tholdbackhistearsandstartedtothinkaboutthesimplegooddeedthathadaffectedhimsodeeply.“Idecidedatthatmomenttochangemyplansforthedayanddosomethingniceforsomeone.Iendeduphelpinganeighbortakegroceriesoutofhercarandintothehouse.”Thewritersaysthatinthemonthsfollowingthatfatefulevent,hedoesatleastonekindthingforotherseveryday.“TothenicemanintheSUV,thankyoufromthebottomofmyheart.Pleaseknowyourkindgesturehastrulysavedalife,”hesaid.“OnJuly18,2017,Ihadthegreatestday.”38.WhatisOliver’sactofkindnesseveryday?A.Buyingothersbreakfast.B.Greetingrestaurantworkers.C.Publishingpositivenews.D.Takinggroceriesforneighbors.39.WhatisspecialaboutOliver’sactofkindnessonJuly18,2017?A.Itbroughthimthank-youletters.B.Itwasreportedonanewswebsite.C.Itwasthefirsttimehe’dpaidforothers.D.Itstoppedsomeonefromkillinghimself.40.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“pickedupthetab”meaninParagraph3?A.Paidthebill.B.Parkedthecar.C.Leftamessage.D.Orderedadrink.41.Howdidthewriteroftheletterfeelaftertheevent?A.Hefeltguilty.B.Hefeltgrateful.C.Hefeltconfused.D.Hefeltsaddened.第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【答案】38.A39.D40.A41.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。GlenOliver每天早上为后面的人买早餐，他的善举无意中挽救了一个想自杀的人的生命。【38题详解】细节推理题。根据第一段EverydaywhenGlenOliverordershismorningcoffeeatthedrive-throughwindowofalocalcafe,heinsistsonpayingfortheorderofthepersonbehindhim.可知，GlenOliver每天早上为后面的人买早餐，故选A。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段Hefoundoutthathehadnotjustboughtsomeonehisbreakfast—hehadsavedalife.和第三段someonehadwrittenaletterstatingthatonJuly18th,hewasplanningoncommittingsuicide.故事介绍和下文Idecidedatthatmomenttochangemyplansforthedayanddosomethingniceforsomeone.可知，2017年7月18日GlenOliver的善举使一个人放弃了要自杀的想法，并决定也为别人做好事。故选D。【40题详解】猜测词义题。此处指当这个人为早餐结账时，收银员告诉他，坐在他前面的越野车里的那个人已经给他买了账单，与第一段heinsistsonpayingfortheorderofthepersonbehindhim呼应，pickedupthetab指付款买单，与Paidthebill同义，故选A。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段TothenicemanintheSUV,thankyoufromthebottomofmyheart.可知，写信者非常感激GlenOliver，故选B。(B)36hoursinSienaSienatakessomebeating.TheCampo,itsmainsquare,isconsideredoneofEurope’sfinestmedieval(中世纪的)squares.Itscathedral(大教堂)isthemostbeautifulincentralItaly.Theartalonethatcanbefoundinitsmanychurches,galleriesandmuseumscouldkeepyoubusyexploringforweeksonend.WhileneverasoverrunasFlorence,Sienaseesplentyofvisitors.ByOctoberandNovember,theSienesearereclaimingtheirstreets,andtheburningheathasgiventothegentlewarmthoftheTuscanautumn.Foodintherestaurantsseesthearrivalofseasonalspecialtiessuchasporcini(牛肝菌)andjuicygrapes.Tuscany’sbestwine,however,isavailableyear-round.第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 42.Accordingtothearticle,amustforfoodloverstovisitinSienais________.A.ViadiCittàB.theMuseodell’OperaC.PiazzaSalimbeniD.thePinacotecaNazionale43.WecanlearnfromthearticlethatDuomodiSiena________.A.isfreetopublicB.isthelargestcathedralinItalyC.fellintoruinaftertheBlackDeathof1348D.hasveryfinemedievalfrescoesandsculptures44.Basedoninformationfromthearticle,visitorscandoallofthefollowingthingsallyearroundinSienaEXCEPT________.AenjoyacupofcappuccinoB.shopandstrollthroughthestreetsC.tastethearea’sdeliciousporciniandjuicygrapes第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 D.admirethearea’schurches,galleriesandmuseums【答案】42.A43.C44.C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了在意大利的锡耶纳市的36个小时短暂停留时的活动安排。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据DAY1的3p.m.第二段“ViadiCittàisagoodplacetoshop,especiallyforfood.Manganelli1879isoneofItaly’smanygreatdelicatessens(熟食店).(ViadiCittà是一个购物的好地方，尤其是食品。Manganelli1879是意大利最著名的熟食店之一。)”可知，美食爱好者在锡耶纳必去的地方是ViadiCittà。故选A项。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据DAY1的10a.m.的“Admiretheexterior(外观)ofDuomodiSienaandtheremnants(残迹)ofitsunfinishedcathedral.ItsconstructionwasinterruptedbytheBlackDeathof1348.Haditbeencompleted,thiswouldhavebeenItaly’slargestcathedral,farlargerthanthatofFlorence.(欣赏锡耶纳大教堂的外观和未完成的大教堂的遗迹。1348年的黑死病中断了它的建造。如果建成，它将成为意大利最大的大教堂，比佛罗伦萨大教堂大得多。)”可知，因为1348年时黑死病肆虐而导致锡耶纳大教堂没有完工，最终沦为废墟。故选C项。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Foodintherestaurantsseesthearrivalofseasonalspecialtiessuchasporcini(牛肝菌)andjuicygrapes.Tuscany’sbestwine,however,isavailableyear-round.(餐厅的食物见证了牛肝菌和多汁葡萄等时令特色菜的到来。然而，托斯卡纳最好的葡萄酒全年供应。)”可知，牛肝菌和多汁葡萄有时令性，不是一年到头都能品尝到。故选C项。(C)AsanelementaryschoolstudentinNewYorkCity,RobertLeewouldstareindisbeliefathisclassmatesthrowingabouthalf-eatensandwichesafterlunch.HisKoreanimmigrantparentshadtaughthimandhisolderbrothernottowastefood.WhilestudyingfinanceandaccountingatNewYorkUniversity,RobertrememberedthislessonandjoinedTwoBirdsOneStone,afood-rescuecluboncampusthatdelivered,fivedaysaweek,leftovers(剩饭菜)fromthedininghalltonearbyhomelessshelters.WhenRobertandfellowclubmemberLouisaenteredacollegeentrepreneurship(创业)contest,theyproposedaslightlydifferentideaforafood-rescuenon-profitgroup:Theywouldgladlypickuponebagofleftoverbagelsorasinglepotofsoup,wouldoperatesevendaysaweek,andwouldbestaffedentirelybyvolunteers.第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Theirideawonthecompetition.Withthe＄1,000prize,theyfoundedRescuingLeftoverCuisine(RLC)inJuly2013.Injustthefirstfewweeks,Robert’steamdeliveredadonationofenoughspaghettiandmeatballstofeed20peopleinlineataNewYorkCityhomelessshelterthathadrunoutoffood.Robert,whohadtakenjobasananalystatJ.P.Morgan,devotedhissparetimetocreatinganetworkofNewYorkCityrestaurantsthatagreedtodonatefood,andheenlistedvolunteerstomakefooddeliveriestohomelessshelters.Todate,RLChasdistributedmorethan250,000poundsoffoodin12citiesaroundthecountry.Onlyayearintohisfinancejob,Robertgaveuphissix-figuresalarytofocusonRLC.“IcomparedonehourofimpactatJ.P.MorgantoonehouratRLC,andthedifferencewasjusthuge,”hesays.He’snowthegroup’sonlyfull-timeemployee.“Oneshelterrecentlytoldusthatourdonationsallowthemtoprovideentiredinnersformorethan300people,threenightsaweek,”Robertsays.“ThingslikethatmakemegladIquitmyjob.”45.HowdidRobertfeelabouthisclassmates’behaviour?A.Angry.B.Concerned.C.Pitiful.D.Astonished.46.WhatdidRobertdoatNewYorkUniversityinadditiontostudy?A.Hehelpedhisclassmateswhothrewawayfoodcarelessly.B.Heco-foundedRescuingLeftoverCuisine(RLC).C.Heestablishedafood-rescueclubtomakebetteruseofleftovers.D.Hefullyfocusedhisattentiononstudy.47.WhatdidRobertgiveuptocompletelydevotehimselftoRLC?A.Hiscollegeeducation.B.Hishealth.C.Hiswell-paidjob.D.Hissparetime.48.WhatmightRobertwanttofocusinhislife?A.Publicwelfare.B.Publicrecognition.C.Personalwealth.D.Financeandaccounting.【答案】45.D46.B47.C48.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国一个24岁的年轻人辞去高薪工作，与人共同创办一家叫做RLC的机构，通过向各大餐馆募捐食物送给那些无家可归的人的故事。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“RobertLeewouldstareindisbeliefathisclassmatesthrowingabouthalf-eatensandwichesafterlunch.（Robert第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 看到同学在吃完午饭后扔掉了吃了一半的三明治，觉得难以置信）”可知，看到同学浪费食物的行为，Robert十分震惊。故选D。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Withthe＄1,000prize,theyfoundedRescuingLeftoverCuisine(RLC)inJuly2013.（他们用1000美元的奖金成立了RLC）”可知，Robert与俱乐部成员共同成立了RLC，故选B。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Onlyayearintohisfinancejob,Robertgaveuphissix-figuresalarytofocusonRLC.（从事财务工作仅一年，罗伯特就放弃了六位数的薪水，专注于RLC）”可知，Robert放弃了高薪工作而专注于RLC的工作。故选C。【48题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Oneshelterrecentlytoldusthatourdonationsallowthemtoprovideentiredinnersformorethan300people,threenightsaweek,”Robertsays.“ThingslikethatmakemegladIquitmyjob.”（Robert说，一家收容所最近告诉我们，我们的捐款使他们能够每周三个晚上为300多人提供完整的晚餐，这样的事情让我很高兴，因此我辞职了）”可知，为了继续专注于这项公益事业，Robert选择辞职了，由此可知，他想专心做公益，故选A。SectionC(8%)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Whattimedoschoolstypicallystart?Itdependsonwheretheyare.Someschoolsstartearly—at7a.m.inBrazil.InFrance,schoolsstartat8.InAustralia,schoolsopentheirdoorsanhourlater,at9a.m.IntheU.S.,schedulesvary,butmanyopeningschoolbellsringbefore8.Soisanearlieroralaterstarttimebetter?Foryearsthishasbeendebated.____49____Theyhavelongsaidthataskingteenstoshowuptoclassbefore8:00a.m.isn’tgoodfortheirhealthortheirreportcards.Inrecentyears,70districtsacrosstheU.S.havealsochangedtheirhours.Supportersofthisideaexpectthatmoreschooldistrictswillfollow.Onereasonforthelaterstarttimesisthatpeoplehavemostlystoppeddebatingthesciencethatsupportsit.In2014,theAmericanAcademyofPediatricsreleasedastatementregardingschoolstarttimes.Startinglaterisn’tthecureforallteenhealthandacademicproblems,theAAPsaid.____50____“Essentially,acrosstheboard,anyareathatyoulookatimprovesprettydramatically”withlaterschoolstarttimes,saidanexpert.Infact,researchfromcountriesaroundtheworldconfirmsthatadolescentswhogetenoughsleeparehealthieroverall.Theyalsodo第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 betterinschool.Sowhydon’tteens—whoneedaboutninehoursofsleepeachnight—justgotobedearlier?ResearcherPaulKelleyfromtheUniversityofOxfordinEnglandsaysthatadolescentsexperienceachangeintheirbiologicalclocks.____51____Teensarealsowiredtowakeuplaterinthemorning.Therefore,Kelleysays,earlywaketimescancauseteenstobeshortonsleep.Sowhydon’tallhighschoolsstartlater?Theobstaclesareoftenfinancial.IntheU.S.,publicschoolsinSt.Paul,Minnesota,delayedtheadoptionoflaterstarttimesforallitshighschoolstudentsbecauseoftransportationissues.ItwouldhavecostSt.Paulabout$8milliontobuytheadditionalbusesneeded,explainedJackieStatumAllen,assistantdirectorforstrategicplanningandpolice.____52____A.Butitcanimprovestudents’livesinmanyways.B.Manyareconcernedthatalaterschooldaywillcauseproblems.C.Now,moreU.S.schooldistrictsarebeginningtotaketheadviceofscientists.D.Asaresult,theynaturallyfallasleeplateratnightthanmanyparentswouldlike.E.Itwouldbemuchbettertoputthatmoneyintotheclassroomratherthanthegastank.F.Schoolsputaplaninplaceforalaterstarttimeafterthedistrictlistenedtoparentfeedback.【答案】49.C50.A51.D52.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了应不应该推迟学校上课时间的问题。【49题详解】根据上文“Soisanearlieroralaterstarttimebetter?Foryears,thishasbeendebated.(那么，是早一点出发好还是晚一点出发好？多年来，人们一直在争论这个问题)”以及后文“Theyhavelongsaidthataskingteenstoshowuptoclassbefore8:00a.m.isn’tgoodfortheirhealthortheirreportcards.(他们一直说，要求青少年在早上8点前上课对他们的健康和成绩单都没有好处)”可知，此处应该会提到一些人的观点。故C选项“现在，越来越多的美国学区开始采纳科学家的建议。”符合语境，空后的They指代C选项中的scientists，箜后这句话即是科学家的观点。故选C。【50题详解】根据上文“In2014,theAmericanAcademyofPediatricsreleasedastatementregardingschoolstarttimes.Startinglaterisn’tthecureforallteenhealthandacademicproblems,theAAPsaid.(2014年，美国儿科学会发布了一份关于学校上课时间的声明。美国儿科学会表示，推迟上学并不能解决所有青少年的健康和学业问题)”以及后文““Essentially,acrosstheboard,anyareathatyoulookatimprovesprettydramatically”withlaterschoolstarttimes,saidanexpert.Infact,researchfromcountriesaroundtheworldconfirmsthatadolescentswho第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 getenoughsleeparehealthieroverall.Theyalsodobetterinschool.(一位专家说：“从本质上讲，随着学校上课时间的推迟，你所看到的任何领域都有了相当显著的改善。”事实上，来自世界各国的研究证实，睡眠充足的青少年总体上更健康。他们在学校的表现也更好)”可知，上文提到“推迟上学并不能解决所有青少年的健康和学业问题”，后文则提到推迟上课时间让青少年总体上更健康，他们在学校的表现也更好，说明推迟上课时间可以在很多方面改善学生的生活。故A选项“但它可以在很多方面改善学生的生活”符合语境，故选A。【51题详解】根据上文“Sowhydon’tteens—whoneedaboutninehoursofsleepeachnight—justgotobedearlier?ResearcherPaulKelleyfromtheUniversityofOxfordinEnglandsaysthatadolescentsexperienceachangeintheirbiologicalclocks.(那么，为什么青少年——他们每晚需要大约9个小时的睡眠——不早点睡觉呢？英国牛津大学的研究人员保罗·凯利说，青少年的生物钟会发生变化)”以及后文“Teensarealsowiredtowakeuplaterinthemorning.Therefore,Kelleysays,earlywaketimescancauseteenstobeshortonsleep.(青少年早上起床也很晚。因此，凯利说，早醒会导致青少年睡眠不足)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出青少年生物钟发生变化导致的结果：因此，他们晚上自然会比许多父母希望的更晚入睡。故D选项“因此，他们晚上自然会比许多父母希望的更晚入睡”符合语境，故选D。【52题详解】根据上文“Sowhydon’tallhighschoolsstartlater?Theobstaclesareoftenfinancial.IntheU.S.,publicschoolsinSt.Paul,Minnesota,delayedtheadoptionoflaterstarttimesforallitshighschoolstudentsbecauseoftransportationissues.ItwouldhavecostSt.Paulabout$8milliontobuytheadditionalbusesneeded,explainedJackieStatumAllen,assistantdirectorforstrategicplanningandpolice.(那么为什么不是所有的高中都推迟上课呢？障碍往往是经济方面的。在美国，明尼苏达州圣保罗的公立学校由于交通问题，推迟了所有高中生的晚上课时间。圣保罗负责战略规划和警察事务的助理主任杰基·斯塔姆·艾伦解释说，购买所需的额外巴士将花费约800万美元)”可知，上文提到了额外的巴士的花费，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明：把钱花在教室里比花在油箱上要好得多。故E选项“把钱花在教室里比花在油箱上要好得多”符合语境，故选E。IV.OutlineWriting(8%)Directions:Readthefollowingpassageandcompletethebriefoutlinethatfollows.Writenomorethan5wordsforeachblank.Theproductionofcoffeebeansishuge,profitablebusiness,butunfortunately,full-sunproductionistakingovertheindustryandbringingaboutalotofdamage.Thechangeinhowcoffeeisgrownfromshade-grownproductiontofull-sunproductionendangerstheveryexistenceofcertainanimals,andevendisturbstheworld’s第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ecologicalbalance.Onalocallevel,thedamagetotheforestsrequiredbyfull-sunfieldsaffectsthearea’sanimals.Theshadeoftheforesttreeprovidesahomeforbirdsandotherspeciesthatdependonthetrees’flowersandfruits.Full-suncoffeegrowersdestroythisforesthome.Asaresult,manyspeciesarequicklydyingout.Onamoregloballevel,thedestructionoftherainforestforfull-suncoffeefieldsalsothreatenshumanlife.Medicalresearchoftenmakesuseoftheforests’plantsandanimallife,andthedestructionofsuchspeciescouldpreventresearchersfromfindingcuresforcertaindiseases.Inaddition,newcoffee-growingtechniquesarepoisoningthewaterlocally,andeventuallytheworld’sgroundwater.Bothlocallyandglobally,thecontinuedspreadoffull-suncoffeeplantationscouldmeanthedestructionoftherainforestecology.Thelossofshadetreesisalreadycausingaslightchangeintheworld’sclimate,andstudiesshowthatthelossofoxygen-givingtreesalsoleadstoairpollutionandglobalwarming.Itisobviousthatthewaymuchcoffeeisgrownaffectsmanyaspectsoflife,fromthelocalenvironmenttotheglobalecology.Butconsumersdohaveachoice.Theycanpurchaseshade-growncoffeewheneverpossible,althoughatahighercost.Outline:I.IntroductionFull-sunproductionofcoffeebeansistakingovertheindustryand____53____tosomespecieseventheecology.II.Bodypart1.Onalocallevel-Itdestroysthehabitatsoflocalspecies,andmanyofthem____54____asaresult.2.Onamoregloballevel-Itthreatenshumanlife,becauseresearchers____55____findingcuresforcertaindiseases.-Itpoisonslocalwater,andthereforetheworld’sgroundwaterisaffected.3.Bothlocallyandglobally-Itdestroystherainforestecology,forthelossoftreescausesachangeinclimateand____56____airpollutionandglobalwarming.III.ConclusionConsumersareadvisedtobuyshade-growncoffee.【答案】53.doesharm54.arequicklydyingout第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 55.arepreventedfrom56.Itleadsto【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。咖啡豆的生产是一个巨大的、有利可图的行业，但不幸的是，全日照生产正在接管这个行业，并带来了很多损害。文章主要介绍了咖啡种植园的危害。【53题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Theproductionofcoffeebeansishuge,profitablebusiness,butunfortunately,full-sunproductionistakingovertheindustryandbringingaboutalotofdamage.Thechangeinhowcoffeeisgrownfromshade-grownproductiontofull-sunproductionendangerstheveryexistenceofcertainanimals,andevendisturbstheworld’secologicalbalance.(咖啡豆的生产是一个巨大的、有利可图的行业，但不幸的是，全日照生产正在接管这个行业，并带来了很多损害。咖啡种植方式从遮荫种植到全日照生产的改变危及了某些动物的生存，甚至扰乱了世界的生态平衡)”可知，全日晒生产咖啡豆正在接管这个行业，对一些物种甚至生态造成了伤害。此处为短语doharmto，为一般现在时，主语为Full-sunproductionofcoffeebeans，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填doesharm。【54题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Full-suncoffeegrowersdestroythisforesthome.Asaresult,manyspeciesarequicklydyingout.(阳光充足的咖啡种植者破坏了这个森林家园。因此，许多物种正在迅速灭绝)”可知，它破坏了当地物种的栖息地，导致许多物种迅速灭绝。故填arequicklydyingout。【55题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Medicalresearchoftenmakesuseoftheforests’plantsandanimallife,andthedestructionofsuchspeciescouldpreventresearchersfromfindingcuresforcertaindiseases.(医学研究经常利用森林中的植物和动物，而这些物种的毁灭可能会阻止研究人员找到治疗某些疾病的方法)”可知，它威胁着人类的生命，因为研究人员无法找到某些疾病的治疗方法。故填arepreventedfrom。【56题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Thelossofshadetreesisalreadycausingaslightchangeintheworld’sclimate,andstudiesshowthatthelossofoxygen-givingtreesalsoleadstoairpollutionandglobalwarming.(遮荫树木的减少已经引起了世界气候的轻微变化，研究表明，氧气树木的减少还会导致空气污染和全球变暖)”可知，它导致空气污染和全球变暖。故填Itleadsto。V.Translation(3%+3%+4%+5%)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 57.必须采取积极措施来保护濒危物种免遭灭绝。(extinction)(汉译英)【答案】Activemeasuresmustbetakentoprotectendangeredspeciesfromextinction.【解析】【详解】考查名词、动词和短语。根据句意可知，本句时态可用一般现在时；表示“必须”可用情态动词must；表示“积极的”可用形容词active；表示“采取措施”可用短语takemeasurestodosth，根据句意可用被动语态，即用measuresmustbetakentodosth；表示“保护……免受”可用固定搭配protect...from；表示“濒危物种”可用名词短语endangeredspecies；表示“灭绝”可用名词extinction。故答案为Activemeasuresmustbetakentoprotectendangeredspeciesfromextinction。58.父母们应当鼓励孩子们提升参与各类活动的意识。(involve)(汉译英)【答案】Parentsshouldencouragetheirchildrentoraisetheirawarenessofbeingactivelyinvolvedinvariousactivities.【解析】【详解】考查情态动词、动词以及短语。“应当”用情态动词should表达，情态动词后跟动词原形；“鼓励某人做某事”用动词短语encouragesbtodosth表达；“提高某人做某事的意识”用动词短语raiseone’sawarenessofdoingsth表达；“积极参与”用短语beactivelyinvolvedin表达；“各类活动”翻译为名词短语variousactivities；“鼓励孩子们提升参与各类活动的意识”可翻译为encouragetheirchildrentoraisetheirawarenessofbeingactivelyinvolvedinvariousactivities。故此句可翻译为Parentsshouldencouragetheirchildrentoraisetheirawarenessofbeingactivelyinvolvedinvariousactivities.59.世界各地成人礼的习俗因文化不同而各有差异，但都象征着从童年向成年的转变。(vary)(汉译英)【答案】Althoughworldwidecoming-of-agetraditionsvaryfromculturetoculture,theyallrepresentthetransitionfromchildhoodtoadulthood.【解析】【详解】考查让步状语从句、时态和短语。“世界各地”翻译为形容词worldwide，“成人礼的习俗”用名词短语coming-of-agetradition表达，“世界各地成人礼的习俗”表达为worldwidecoming-of-agetraditions；“因文化不同而各有差异”用动词短语varyfromculturetoculture表达；“世界各地成人礼的习俗因文化不同而各有差异”翻译为worldwidecoming-of-agetraditionsvaryfromculturetoculture；“象征”用动词represent表达，“象征着从童年向成年的转变”表达为representthetransitionfromchildhoodtoadulthood；句意分析可知，此句可翻译为含有although引导的让步状语从句的主从复合句，本句陈述的是事实，用一般现在时，故本句可翻译为Althoughworldwidecoming-of-agetraditionsvaryfromculturetoculture,theyallrepresentthetransitionfromchildhoodtoadulthood.60.普遍认为，平衡的饮食和足够的运动对健康有好处，即使你处于巨大的学业压力之下。(It)(汉译英)第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【答案】Itisgenerallyacknowledgedthatabalanceddietandenoughexercisearegoodforhealth,evenifyouareundergreatacademicpressure.【解析】【详解】考查固定句型和状语从句。表示“普遍认为”句型为Itisgenerallyacknowledgedthat；表示“平衡的饮食和足够的运动”短语为abalanceddietandenoughexercise，作主语；表示“对健康有好处”应用begoodforhealth；evenif引导让步状语从句，表示“你处于巨大的学业压力之下”翻译为youareundergreatacademicpressure。句子用一般现在时。故翻译为Itisgenerallyacknowledgedthatabalanceddietandenoughexercisearegoodforhealth,evenifyouareundergreatacademicpressure.VI.GuidedWriting(25%)61.Directions:Pleasewriteanessayofabout100-120wordsbasedonthefollowinginstructionsinChinese.假设你是明启中学的学生王磊，你校为丰富学生课余生活，营造英语学习氛围，决定开展一次有关传统节日的英语征文活动。为积极响应学校号召，你准备写一个最让你难忘的节日，内容包括：1)该节日的简单介绍；2)你最难忘的场景。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Asisknowntous,theMid-AutumnFestivalisoneofthemajorChinesetraditionalfestivals,whichfamilymembersspendtogetherlaughingandchatting.ThelastMid-Autumnfestivalisthemostunforgettableoneinmylife.Itseemsthatithadhappenedyesterday.Onthatday,ledbyourheadmaster,wewenttotheXiyangnursinghome,whichhousedmanyelderlypeople.Theiradultchildren,mostlymigrantworkers,couldn’tkeepthemcompany.First,wesweptthefloor,cleaneddinnertableswithcloths.Thenweinstructedtheelderlytechniquesinvolvinghowtoordergoodsonlineandusesmartphonesskillfully.Finallywechattedcheerfullywhileeatingmooncakesandadmiringthemoontogether.Astiredwewereonthatday,weweredelightedatthesightofsmilesontheirfaces.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生介绍一个最让你难忘的节日，内容包括：该节日的简单介绍；你最难忘的场景。【详解】1.词汇积累第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 主要的：major→main教；指导：guide→instruct兴致勃勃地：excitedly→cheerfully陪伴某人：accompanysb.→keepsb.company2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Theiradultchildren,mostlymigrantworkers,couldn’tkeepthemcompany.拓展句：Theiradultchildren,mostlymigrantworkerswhoworkedinbigcities,couldn’tkeepthemcompany.【点睛】[高分句型1]Onthatday,ledbyourheadmaster,wewenttotheXiyangnursinghome,whichhousedmanyelderlypeople.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]Astiredwewereonthatday,weweredelightedatthesightofsmilesontheirfaces.(运用了as引导的部分倒装语序的让步状语从句)第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司