河南省濮阳市第一高级中学2023-2024学年高三上学期第三次质量检测英语Word版含解析.docx

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濮阳市一高2021级高三上学期第三次质量检测英语试题注意事项：本试卷分试题卷和答题卡两部分。考生应首先阅读试题卷上的文字信息，然后在答题卡上作答（答题注意事项见答题卡）。第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATryMakingThemintoTreatsIt’sfinetoshopatfarmers’marketsandgrocerystoresforrecipeingredients（原料）.Butwhatifyoucouldgathersomeofthembyyourselves,andatthesametime,helpridyourregionofnon-nativeplantspeciesthatareharmingtheecosystems?AccordingtotheNationalWildlifeFederation,about42percentoftoday’sthreatenedorendangeredspeciesareatriskbecauseofinvasive（有侵略性的）species.Herearefourinvasiveplantsandideasforservingthemup.KUDZUBroughttotheUSfromJapan,thekudauvinecangrowafootaday,robbingotherplantsofsunlight.ItsbeautifulflowersbloomfromJulytoSeptember,butitsleaves,roots,andvinetipsaremorereadilyavailable.Pickflowerstouseinmakingdrinks.HIMALAYANBLACKBERRYNativetoArmenia,theplanthasthreatenedotherspecies.Itblocksaccessthroughwoodsandaffectslivestock.Itsfruitstartstoripeninmidsummerandtheberriescanbeaddedtohakegoodssuchasmuffins.SOWTHISTLEItsrootscrowdoutusefulcropsandsuckwaterandnitrogenfromthesoil.NativetoEuropeandwesternAsiaitgrowsalloverNorthAmericainspringandsummer.Trycokingtheleavesinoliveoilandaddingthemtoacake.WATERCRESSEuropeansettlersbroughtthisleafygreentotheColonies.Itspreadsalongwaterways,crowdingoutnativeplants. Harvestitfromtheedgeofarunningstreaminspringandfalltomakesandwiches.1.Whichspecieswillyouchooseifyouwanttomakedrinks?A.KUDZU.B.SOWTHISTLE.C.WATERCRESS.DHIMALAYANBLACKBERRY.2.Whatdothelistedspecieshaveincommon?A.Theyareharvestedinautumn.B.Theyareallinvasivespecies.C.Theycangrowafootperday.D.Theyarepickedtomakesandwiches.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tointroducetheharmsofthefourspecies.B.Toadvertisesomerecipeingredientsforreaders.C.ToprovethefindingsofNationalWildlifeFederation.D.Toprovideideastomaketheinvasivespeciesintotreats.BTheMogaoGrottoeswereacenterofBuddhistlifeandsomeoftheworld’sgreatculturesforhundredsofyears.However,bythelateQingDynastytheyhadbeenabandonedandnearlyforgottenandmanyofthecaveshadbecomedamagedbytheelements.Around1900,withthediscoveryofalibraryofthousandsofancientdocuments,thecavesreceivednewinterestfromChineseandforeignresearchers.Unfortunately,thisresultedintensofthousandsofitemsfromthecavesbeingtakentoforeignmuseumsInthe1940smanyresearchersandartistsvisitedtheareatostudytraditionalChineseart.CopiesofsomeoftheartworkpaintedbyrespectedartistssuchasZhangDaqianandGuanShanyuehelpedpeoplealloverthecountrylearnaboutDunhuang.Theseartistswerealsoinspiredbytheartworktheysawinthecavesanditbegantoinfluencetheirpaintingstyles.Othersstavedinthedesertformuchlonger,ChangShuhongstayedfortherestofhislife—strugglingtorecordtheculturaltreasuresandprotectthemfromtheweather.AsaresultoftheireffortstheDunhuangAcademywasformedtoprotectandstudytheMogaoGrottoes.In1987theMogaoGrottoeswerenamedaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Whilethecavesareopentothepublic,accessisnowlimitedinordertoprotecttheartwork.However,thecavescanbeseenonlineindigitalform sothatpeoplearoundtheworldcanstudyandenjoythem.Despiteitsremoteness,theMogaoGrottoescontinuetodrawvisitors.Andjustasthesandanddeserthavesurvivedlargelyunchangedthroughthecenturies,thissmallartgalleryinthedeserthasalsosurvivedlargelyunchangedprovidinganamazinglookataworldlongagopast.4.WhendidtheMogaoGrottoesregaintheworld’sattention?A.Hundredsofyearsago.B.InthelateQingDynasty.C.Inthelateeightiesofthe20thcentury.D.Aroundthebeginningofthe20thcentury.5.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningtheartistsinthe1940s?A.Tolearnabouttheirworks.B.Toshowhowhardtheyworked.C.Tocomparetheirdifferentstyles.D.Toappreciatetheircontributions.6.Whenpeoplehavenoaccesstovisitingthecaves,.A.theycandoresearchesonlineB.theycanenjoythedigitalversionsC.theycanwatchcopiesinartgalleriesD.theycanstudytheminforeignmuseums7.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheMogaoGrottoes—CenterofBuddhistLifeB.TheMogaoGrottoes—ArtGalleryintheDesertC.Respectedartists—ProtectorsoftheMogaoGrottoesD.AnAmazingTouristAttraction—TheMogaoGrottoesCScientistshaveuncoveredaseriesof3,000-year-olditemsatSanxingduiinChina’sSichuanprovincesince2019andidentifiedthatthecreatorsbelongedtotheShustate,ahighlydevelopedcivilizationunitedbytheneighboringstateofQinin316BC.Oneofthemajorfindsisa0.6-poundgoldmaskthatmayhavebeenwornbyachurchmanduringreligiousceremonies.About84%puregold,thewholepiecelikelyweighedclosetoonepoundinitsentirety,makingitoneoftheheaviestgoldmasksfromthattimeperioddiscoveredinChinatodate. Otherdiscoveriesmadeatthesiteincludedtwokindsofsilk.SilkhasplayedanimportantroleinChina’shistory.Astheresearcherspointout,theancientpeopleofSanxingduiprobablyworesilkclothesduringreligiousceremonies.Thesilkwasthoughttoserveasameansofcommunicationbetweenheaven,earth,manandgod.Besidesthesereligiousceremonies,silkwasalsousedtomakefineclothing,fansandwallhangings.Civilizationsacrosstheancientworld,fromRome,Persia,EgypttoGreece,similarlytreasuredChinesesilk.TradersweresentalongtheSilkRoadtoChinatoobtainthehighlysought-aftermaterial.ThepresenceofsilkatSanxingduiindicatesthattheancientShustatewasoneoftheimportantoriginsofsilkinancientChina.OtherimportantdiscoveriesincludedbronzeanimalsandcarvingsthatbeardistinctsimilaritiestoobjectsfoundalongtheYangtzeRiverandinSoutheastAsia,suggestingthattheShucivilizationengagedinbroadexchangeswithmanyareas.Since1929whenalocalfarmeraccidentallyfoundSanxingdui,researchershaveuncoveredmorethan50,000ancientitemsatthesite.Forexample,morethan1,000items,includingwell-keptbronzemasks,wereunearthedin1986alone.8.WhatcanwesayaboutthegoldmaskfoundatSanxingdui?A.Itisnotmadeofpuregold.B.Itistheheaviesteveruncovered.CItweighsclosetoonepound.D.Itmightbeusedduringfestivals.9.WhatcanthepresenceofsilkatSanxingduiprobablytellus?A.TheShupeopleusedsilkjustfordecoration.B.TheShupeoplebroughtsilktotheothercountries.C.TheShustatewasfarmoredevelopedthanEurope.D.TheShustatemightbeoneoftheearliestsilkproducers.10.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.ThediscovererofSanxingdui.B.ThetimelineofthediscoveriesatSanxingdui.C.ThelonghistoryofSanxingdui.D.TheachievementsofSanxingduiunearthing.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.TopromoteanattractioninSichuanprovince.B.ToreporttheimportantdiscoveriesatSanxingdui.C.ToexploretherelationshipbetweenShuandQin.D.Toevaluatetheancientcivilizationsintheworld.DEarth’soceansarechangingcolorandclimatebreakdownisprobablytoblame,accordingtoaresearch.Thedeepblueseaisactuallybecomingsteadilygreenerovertime,accordingtothestudy,withareasinthelowlatitudes(纬度)neartheequatorespeciallyaffected. “Thereasonwhywecareaboutthisisnotthatwecareaboutthecolor,butthatthecolorisareflectionofthechangesinthestateoftheecosystem,”saidBBCael,ascientistandauthorofthestudypublishedinNature.Thepreviousresearchfocusedonchangesinthegreennessoftheoceantolearnabouttrendsinthechangingclimate.ButCael’steamporedover20yearsofobservationsbyNASA’sModis-Aquasatellite,acomprehensivedatabase,andlookedforpatternsofchangeintheocean’scolorthroughafullercolorspectrum(色谱)includingredandblue.Thechangeshavebeendetectedinover56%oftheworld’soceans.Inmostareasthere’saclear“greeningeffect”,Caelsaid,butheaddedthattherearealsoplaceswhereredorbluecoloringsarerisingorfalling.“Thesearenotmassiveecosystem-destroyingchanges.Theymaybemild,”saidCael.“Butthisgivesusanadditionalpieceofevidencethathumanactivityislikelyaffectinglargepartsoftheglobalbiosphere(生物圈)inawaythatwehaven’tbeenabletounderstand.”Althoughthisdiscoveryfirmlydocumentsanotherconsequenceofachangingclimate,whatisnotyetclearishowstrongthesechangesareandwhatishappeninginsidetheoceantocausethem,accordingtoMichaelJBehrenfeld,aresearcherofoceanproductivity,whowasnotinvolvedintheresearch.NASAwillbelaunchinganadvancedsatellitemissioninJanuary2024calledPacewhichwillalsomeasurehundredsofcolorsintheoceaninsteadofahandful,progressingstudieslikethesefurther.“Makingmoremeaningfulinferencesaboutwhatthechangesactuallyareisdefinitelyabignextstep,”saidCael.12.Whyshouldattentionbedrawntothechangingcolorofoceans?A.Itreflectsecosystemchanges.B.Itcausesclimatebreakdown.C.Humanactivitiesareaffected.D.Lowlatitudeareasareinfluenced.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“poredover”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Copied.B.Covered.C.Studied.D.Borrowed.14.WhatisMichael’sattitudetowardsthediscovery?A.Unclear.B.Dismissive.C.Objective.D.Indifferent.15.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Pace’sfunction.B.Cael’ssuggestions.C.Meaningfulinferences.D.NASA’sfurtherresearchplans. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Herearesometipsforyoutostayhealthywithinyourbudget.Don’tsleeponafullstomach____16____.Well,giveenoughtimetoyourbodytoclean,process,andrestoretissueforanotherdayofwork.Ifyousleeponanemptystomach,youwillmakethebestofthisrest.Therefore,eatyourlastmealatleast3hoursbeforeyougotobed.EatgreenandnuttyWhenmeasuredonacostperserving,perweight,orpernutritionbasis,fruitsandvegetablesbeatoutmeatandjunkfood.____17____,astheywillbethemostappropriatefortheclimate,richerinnutrients,andatthebestprice.Inaddition,replacevegetableoilswithnutoilsforcooking.Researchshowsthat2tablespoonsofoilmadefromnutsperdaycanreducetheriskofheartdisease.ExercisethroughouttheweekExerciseisoneofthehealthiestinvestmentsofyourtimeandshouldhappenatleast3~5timesaweek,spacedoutnomorethantwodaysapart.____18____.CreateyoursupportnetworkHumansarenotliketreesandcangrowallbyourselves.____19____.Makeanefforttomeetandtalktopeoplethataresincereandtryingtobebettereveryday,thosethatinspireyouandmakeyouwanttobeabetterhumanbeing.____20____Maketimeforwhatyouliketodo.Asyourbodyrelaxesandishappy,alltheorgansandsystemsworkattheirbest.A.TrytobuyinseasonB.DowhatyouenjoydoingC.DomeaningfulthingswithfriendsD.Asanoldsayinggoes,“Timeishealth”E.AddnutstoyourdietatleasttwiceaweekF.Evenifyouareverybusy,makesureyouexercisethroughouttheweekG.Wearesocialbeingsandneedtheinteractionthatthecommunityprovides第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Inalettertohisdaughter,FranklinquestionedthechoiceoftheeagleasthesymboloftheUS.Hesaidthattheselecteddesignlookedmorelikea(n)____21____.Hethenexplainedtherespectabilityandmoralityofeachanimal.”Formyownpart,Iwishtheeaglehasnotbeenchosenasthe____22____ofourcountry.Heisabirdof____23____moralcharacter.Heistoo____24____anddoesnotgethislivinghonestly.Youmayhaveseenhimwaitingonsomedeadtreeneartheriverandwatchingtheotherfishingbirdswork.Whentheyhavecaughtafish____25____,theeagle____26____themandtakesthefishtohismateandbabies.Withallthisinjustice,heisneveragoodexamplebutlikethosemenwholiveby____27____thepoor.Besides,heisacoward(懦夫).ThelittleKingBird,whichisnot____28____thanasparrow(麻雀),attackshimbravelyanddriveshimoutofitsarea.____29____,heisbynomeansa(n)____30____symbolforthebraveandhonestAmericanswhohave____31____alltheBritishfromourcountry.“Onthisaccount,Iamnot____32____thatthedesigndoesnotseemlikeaneagle,butlooksmorelikeaturkey.Incomparison,Ithinkaturkeyisamuchmore____33____bird.Thoughitisalittlebitsilly,aturkeyisabirdof____34____.Itwillnot____35____toattacktheBritishwhoenterhisfarmyardwitharedcoaton.“21.A.elephantB.antC.donkeyD.turkey22.A.representativeB.stampC.futureD.hero23.A.nobleB.officialC.badD.acceptable24.A.stubbornB.lazyC.handsomeD.old25.A.byaccidentB.inpersonC.atlengthD.onpurpose26.A.helpsB.attacksC.lovesD.guides27.A.comfortingB.protectingC.praisingD.robbing28.A.biggerB.youngerC.weakerD.prettier29.A.InsteadB.HoweverC.NeverthelessD.Therefore30.A.universalB.brightC.properD.abstract31.A.invitedB.drivenC.receivedD.met32.A.displeasedB.puzzledC.satisfiedD.surprised33.A.deliciousB.stupidC.respectableD.beautiful34.A.courageB.wisdomC.speedD.size35.A.wantB.needC.decideD.hesitate第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheForbiddenCity,also____36____(refer)toasthePalaceMuseuminthemoderndays,islocatedintheheartofBeijing.Itisanancient____37____(architecture)complexwithahistoryofmorethan600years.IntheMingandQingDynasties,twenty-fouremperorslivedhere____38____(rule)Chinafornearly500years.ThebuildingsintheForbiddenCityareallcoveredwithyellowglazedtile(琉璃瓦)____39____(roof)withredcolumnsandhighwallsbeneath,symbolizingthenoblestatusoftheroyalfamily.Inadditiontoitsmagnificentappearance,thePalaceMuseumalso____40____(house)overonemillionpiecesofculturalrelicsandtreasures.AftertheendoftheQingDynasty,thePalaceMuseum____41____(establish)in1925,allowingtouristsathomeandabroad____42____(visit)thearchitectureandappreciatetheartistictreasures.Inrecentyears,the600-year-oldForbiddenCityhasbecome____43____Internetcelebrity,launchingthousandsofculturalandartisticproducts____44____stationery(文具)andfurnishingstoclothingandcosmetics(化妆品).A“DigitalForbiddenCity”hasalsobeencreated,allowingpeopletovisitthepalaceinanimmersiveway.Asanewdaybegins,theancientForbiddenCitycontinuestowelcomevisitorsfromallovertheworld.Beiton-site____45____online,yourvisittothePalaceMuseummayhelpyoutravelthroughtimeandspaceandappreciatethetime-honoredChineseculture.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，你班准备在重阳节登高望远，请你代表班级写一封邮件邀请外教Glen参加。内容包括：1.登山意义；2.活动安排。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearGlen,IamLiHua,monitorofClass1,Senior3. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。MollyandherhusbandRexranausedbookstoreinasmalltown.People,mostlykids,cameheretoreadbooks,sellbooksandbuybooks.Themorninghadbeenfullofrain,andpassers-bywerewalkingwithnarroweyesunderumbrellas.Mollyrestedbothherhandsonthecounterandleaned（倾斜）forwardtowatchtheworldoutsideintherainwhileRexwasbusysortingoutbooksonthebookshelves.Rick,whosatonthefloorburyinghimselfinreadingahardbackillustratedbook,wastheonlycustomerinsucharainyday.Rickwasaregularcustomertothebookstoreandheneversoldabookorboughtabook.Hejustreadbooks.“Canyoukeepthisbookforme?”MollyheardashyvoiceandlookeddowntofinditwaslittleRickthatstoodbeforethecounter,holdingtheillustratedbookandasked.“Sure!”Mollynoddedencouragingly.ButtheuncertaintyremainedonRick’sface.“I’llbebackreallysoon.Promise.TomorrowifIcan.”Mollynoddedtohimasseriouslyasshewastreatinganadult.Mollywantedtoaskhimiftherewasanythingdifficult,butshekeptsilent.Anyway,sheputtheillustratedbookinadrawerincaseanyoneelsewouldtakeit.Mostofthesecondhandbooksinherstorewereunique.Ifitwassold,shewouldfailtokeepherpromise.Rickdidn’treturnthefollowingday,orthedayafterthat.Mollywassomehowdisappointed.Rexsuggestedplacingtheillustratedbookonthebookshelfsothatotherscouldreaditortakeit.InRex’sopinion,childrenmadepromisesallthetimeandtheypromisedallkindsofthings.Whentheycametoastoreandwasattractedbysomething,theypromisedtocomebackandtheyaskedtheshopkeepernottoletanyoneelsetakethethingstheywantedaway.Ithappenedallthetime.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。ButMollyinsistedthattheyshouldwaitandkeepthebook. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Rickpushedthedooropenandrushedtothecounterholdinghismoneybox.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 濮阳市一高2021级高三上学期第三次质量检测英语试题注意事项：本试卷分试题卷和答题卡两部分。考生应首先阅读试题卷上的文字信息，然后在答题卡上作答（答题注意事项见答题卡）。第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATryMakingThemintoTreatsIt’sfinetoshopatfarmers’marketsandgrocerystoresforrecipeingredients（原料）.Butwhatifyoucouldgathersomeofthembyyourselves,andatthesametime,helpridyourregionofnon-nativeplantspeciesthatareharmingtheecosystems?AccordingtotheNationalWildlifeFederation,about42percentoftoday’sthreatenedorendangeredspeciesareatriskbecauseofinvasive（有侵略性的）species.Herearefourinvasiveplantsandideasforservingthemup.KUDZUBroughttotheUSfromJapan,thekudauvinecangrowafootaday,robbingotherplantsofsunlight.ItsbeautifulflowersbloomfromJulytoSeptember,butitsleaves,roots,andvinetipsaremorereadilyavailable.Pickflowerstouseinmakingdrinks.HIMALAYANBLACKBERRYNativetoArmenia,theplanthasthreatenedotherspecies.Itblocksaccessthroughwoodsandaffectslivestock.Itsfruitstartstoripeninmidsummerandtheberriescanbeaddedtohakegoodssuchasmuffins.SOWTHISTLEItsrootscrowdoutusefulcropsandsuckwaterandnitrogenfromthesoil.NativetoEuropeandwesternAsia,itgrowsalloverNorthAmericainspringandsummer.Trycokingtheleavesinoliveoilandaddingthemtoacake.WATERCRESSEuropeansettlersbroughtthisleafygreentotheColonies.Itspreadsalongwaterways,crowdingoutnativeplants. Harvestitfromtheedgeofarunningstreaminspringandfalltomakesandwiches.1.Whichspecieswillyouchooseifyouwanttomakedrinks?A.KUDZU.B.SOWTHISTLE.C.WATERCRESS.D.HIMALAYANBLACKBERRY.2.Whatdothelistedspecieshaveincommon?A.Theyareharvestedinautumn.B.Theyareallinvasivespecies.C.Theycangrowafootperday.D.Theyarepickedtomakesandwiches.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tointroducetheharmsofthefourspecies.B.Toadvertisesomerecipeingredientsforreaders.C.ToprovethefindingsofNationalWildlifeFederation.D.Toprovideideastomaketheinvasivespeciesintotreats.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四种入侵物种以及想把它们做成食物的想法。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据KUDZU段落中“Pickflowerstouseinmakingdrinks.(摘些花用来做饮料。)”可知，如果你想做饮料，你会选择KUDZU(野葛)。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Herearefourinvasiveplantsandideasforservingthemup.(以下是四种入侵植物以及把它们送上餐桌（做成食物）的想法。)”可知，列出物种的共同之处是它们都是入侵物种。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章标题“TryMakingThemintoTreats(试着把它们做成食物)和第二段中“Herearefourinvasiveplantsandideasforservingthemup.(以下是四种入侵植物以及把它们送上餐桌（做成食物）的想法。)”可知，文章的目的是提供把入侵物种变成食物的想法。故选D项。B TheMogaoGrottoeswereacenterofBuddhistlifeandsomeoftheworld’sgreatculturesforhundredsofyears.However,bythelateQingDynastytheyhadbeenabandonedandnearlyforgottenandmanyofthecaveshadbecomedamagedbytheelements.Around1900,withthediscoveryofalibraryofthousandsofancientdocuments,thecavesreceivednewinterestfromChineseandforeignresearchers.Unfortunately,thisresultedintensofthousandsofitemsfromthecavesbeingtakentoforeignmuseumsInthe1940s,manyresearchersandartistsvisitedtheareatostudytraditionalChineseart.CopiesofsomeoftheartworkpaintedbyrespectedartistssuchasZhangDaqianandGuanShanyuehelpedpeoplealloverthecountrylearnaboutDunhuang.Theseartistswerealsoinspiredbytheartworktheysawinthecavesanditbegantoinfluencetheirpaintingstyles.Othersstavedinthedesertformuchlonger,ChangShuhongstayedfortherestofhislife—strugglingtorecordtheculturaltreasuresandprotectthemfromtheweather.AsaresultoftheireffortstheDunhuangAcademywasformedtoprotectandstudytheMogaoGrottoes.In1987,theMogaoGrottoeswerenamedaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Whilethecavesareopentothepublic,accessisnowlimitedinordertoprotecttheartwork.However,thecavescanbeseenonlineindigitalformsothatpeoplearoundtheworldcanstudyandenjoythem.Despiteitsremoteness,theMogaoGrottoescontinuetodrawvisitors.Andjustasthesandanddeserthavesurvivedlargelyunchangedthroughthecenturies,thissmallartgalleryinthedeserthasalsosurvivedlargelyunchangedprovidinganamazinglookataworldlongagopast.4.WhendidtheMogaoGrottoesregaintheworld’sattention?A.Hundredsofyearsago.B.InthelateQingDynasty.C.Inthelateeightiesofthe20thcentury.DAroundthebeginningofthe20thcentury.5.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningtheartistsinthe1940s?A.Tolearnabouttheirworks.B.Toshowhowhardtheyworked.C.Tocomparetheirdifferentstyles.D.Toappreciatetheircontributions.6.Whenpeoplehavenoaccesstovisitingthecaves,.A.theycandoresearchesonlineB.theycanenjoythedigitalversionsC.theycanwatchcopiesinartgalleries D.theycanstudytheminforeignmuseums7.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheMogaoGrottoes—CenterofBuddhistLifeB.TheMogaoGrottoes—ArtGalleryintheDesertC.Respectedartists—ProtectorsoftheMogaoGrottoesD.AnAmazingTouristAttraction—TheMogaoGrottoes【答案】4.D5.D6.B7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了莫高窟的概况、历史以及现状。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“However,bythelateQingDynastytheyhadbeenabandonedandnearlyforgottenandmanyofthecaveshadbecomedamagedbytheelements.Around1900,withthediscoveryofalibraryofthousandsofancientdocuments,thecavesreceivednewinterestfromChineseandforeignresearchers.(然而，到了清末，它们已经被遗弃，几乎被遗忘，许多洞穴都被自然破坏了。1900年左右，随着一个藏有数千份古代文献的图书馆的发现，这些洞穴引起了中外研究人员的新兴趣)”可知，大约在20世纪初，莫高窟重新引起了中外研究人员的新兴趣。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Inthe1940s,manyresearchersandartistsvisitedtheareatostudytraditionalChineseart.CopiesofsomeoftheartworkpaintedbyrespectedartistssuchasZhangDaqianandGuanShanyuehelpedpeoplealloverthecountrylearnaboutDunhuang.Theseartistswerealsoinspiredbytheartworktheysawinthecavesanditbegantoinfluencetheirpaintingstyles.Othersstavedinthedesertformuchlonger,ChangShuhongstayedfortherestofhislife—strugglingtorecordtheculturaltreasuresandprotectthemfromtheweather.AsaresultoftheireffortstheDunhuangAcademywasformedtoprotectandstudytheMogaoGrottoes.(20世纪40年代，许多研究人员和艺术家来到这里研究中国传统艺术。张大千和关山月等受人尊敬的艺术家所画的一些艺术品的复制品帮助全国各地的人们了解敦煌。这些艺术家也受到他们在洞穴中看到的艺术品的启发，并开始影响他们的绘画风格。其他人在沙漠中度过了更长的时间，而常书洪在沙漠中度过了他的余生——努力记录这些文化宝藏，并保护它们不受天气的影响。在他们的努力下，保护和研究莫高窟的敦煌研究院成立了)”可知，20世纪40年代，许多研究人员和艺术家通过他们的努力，让人们了解了敦煌。由此推知，文章提及20世纪40年代的艺术家们是为了赞赏他们在传承莫高窟文化上的贡献。故选D。【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Whilethecavesareopentothepublic,accessisnowlimitedinordertoprotecttheartwork.However,thecavescanbeseenonlineindigitalformsothatpeoplearoundtheworldcanstudyandenjoythem.(虽然洞穴对公众开放，但为了保护艺术品，现在限制进入。然而，这些洞穴可以在网上以数字形式看到，以便世界各地的人们可以研究和欣赏它们)”可知，为了保护艺术品，现在莫高窟被限制进入，然而，人们可以在网上以数字形式看到，研究和欣赏它们。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章在第一段讲述了莫高窟重新获得人们关注的原因；第二段提及20世纪40年代的艺术家们在传承莫高窟文化上所做的努力，赞赏了他们的贡献；第三段讲述莫高窟被列为联合国世界文化遗产；第四段讲述了莫高窟的艺术价值。因而，本文主要介绍了沙漠中的艺术长廊——莫高窟。由此可知，选项B可以概括文章主旨，符合题意，故选B。CScientistshaveuncoveredaseriesof3,000-year-olditemsatSanxingduiinChina’sSichuanprovincesince2019andidentifiedthatthecreatorsbelongedtotheShustate,ahighlydevelopedcivilizationunitedbytheneighboringstateofQinin316BC.Oneofthemajorfindsisa0.6-poundgoldmaskthatmayhavebeenwornbyachurchmanduringreligiousceremonies.About84%puregold,thewholepiecelikelyweighedclosetoonepoundinitsentirety,makingitoneoftheheaviestgoldmasksfromthattimeperioddiscoveredinChinatodate.Otherdiscoveriesmadeatthesiteincludedtwokindsofsilk.SilkhasplayedanimportantroleinChina’shistory.Astheresearcherspointout,theancientpeopleofSanxingduiprobablyworesilkclothesduringreligiousceremonies.Thesilkwasthoughttoserveasameansofcommunicationbetweenheaven,earth,manandgod.Besidesthesereligiousceremonies,silkwasalsousedtomakefineclothing,fansandwallhangings.Civilizationsacrosstheancientworld,fromRome,Persia,EgypttoGreece,similarlytreasuredChinesesilk.TradersweresentalongtheSilkRoadtoChinatoobtainthehighlysought-aftermaterial.ThepresenceofsilkatSanxingduiindicatesthattheancientShustatewasoneoftheimportantoriginsofsilkinancientChina.OtherimportantdiscoveriesincludedbronzeanimalsandcarvingsthatbeardistinctsimilaritiestoobjectsfoundalongtheYangtzeRiverandinSoutheastAsia,suggestingthattheShucivilizationengagedinbroadexchangeswithmanyareas.Since1929whenalocalfarmeraccidentallyfoundSanxingdui,researchershaveuncoveredmorethan50,000ancientitemsatthesite.Forexample,morethan1,000items,includingwell-keptbronzemasks,wereunearthedin1986alone.8.WhatcanwesayaboutthegoldmaskfoundatSanxingdui? A.Itisnotmadeofpuregold.B.Itistheheaviesteveruncovered.C.Itweighsclosetoonepound.D.Itmightbeusedduringfestivals.9.WhatcanthepresenceofsilkatSanxingduiprobablytellus?A.TheShupeopleusedsilkjustfordecoration.B.TheShupeoplebroughtsilktotheothercountries.C.TheShustatewasfarmoredevelopedthanEurope.D.TheShustatemightbeoneoftheearliestsilkproducers.10.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.ThediscovererofSanxingdui.B.ThetimelineofthediscoveriesatSanxingdui.C.ThelonghistoryofSanxingdui.D.TheachievementsofSanxingduiunearthing.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.TopromoteanattractioninSichuanprovince.B.ToreporttheimportantdiscoveriesatSanxingdui.C.ToexploretherelationshipbetweenShuandQin.D.Toevaluatetheancientcivilizationsintheworld.【答案】8.A9.D10.D11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了最近几年在三星堆出土的重要文物。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“About84%puregold,thewholepiecelikelyweighedclosetoonepoundinitsentirety,makingitoneoftheheaviestgoldmasksfromthattimeperioddiscoveredinChinatodate.”（其中约84%是纯金，整个面具的重量可能接近一磅，是迄今为止在中国发现的那个时期最重的金面具之一。）可知，这个面具不是纯金打造的。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“ThepresenceofsilkatSanxingduiindicatesthattheancientShustatewasoneoftheimportantoriginsofsilkinancientChina”（三星堆丝绸的存在表明，古蜀国是中国古代丝绸的重要产地之一。）可推断，蜀国很可能是较早掌握丝绸生产的地区之一。故选D。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Since1929whenalocalfarmeraccidentallyfoundSanxingdui,researchershaveuncoveredmorethan50,000ancientitemsatthesite.Forexample,morethan1,000items,includingwell-keptbronzemasks,wereunearthedin1986alone.”（自1929年一位当地农民意外发现三星堆以来，研究人员已经在这里发现了5万多件古代物品。例如，仅1986年就出土了1000多件物品，其中包括保存完好的青铜面具。）可知，本段主要简述了三星堆的发掘成果。故选D。 【11题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，结合文章第一段“Scientistshaveuncoveredaseriesof3,000-year-olditemsatSanxingduiinChina’sSichuanprovincesince2019andidentifiedthatthecreatorsbelongedtotheShustate,ahighlydevelopedcivilizationunitedbytheneighboringstateofQinin316BC.”（自2019年以来，科学家们在中国四川省三星堆发现了一系列有3000年历史的物品，并确定这些物品的创造者属于蜀国，这是一个公元前316年由邻国秦国统一的高度发达的文明。）同时根据下文细节内容介绍可知，作者的主要目的是介绍三星堆考古发掘的重大发现，如金面具、丝绸、铜器及雕刻等。故选B。DEarth’soceansarechangingcolorandclimatebreakdownisprobablytoblame,accordingtoaresearch.Thedeepblueseaisactuallybecomingsteadilygreenerovertime,accordingtothestudy,withareasinthelowlatitudes(纬度)neartheequatorespeciallyaffected.“Thereasonwhywecareaboutthisisnotthatwecareaboutthecolor,butthatthecolorisareflectionofthechangesinthestateoftheecosystem,”saidBBCael,ascientistandauthorofthestudypublishedinNature.Thepreviousresearchfocusedonchangesinthegreennessoftheoceantolearnabouttrendsinthechangingclimate.ButCael’steamporedover20yearsofobservationsbyNASA’sModis-Aquasatellite,acomprehensivedatabase,andlookedforpatternsofchangeintheocean’scolorthroughafullercolorspectrum(色谱)includingredandblue.Thechangeshavebeendetectedinover56%oftheworld’soceans.Inmostareasthere’saclear“greeningeffect”,Caelsaid,butheaddedthattherearealsoplaceswhereredorbluecoloringsarerisingorfalling.“Thesearenotmassiveecosystem-destroyingchanges.Theymaybemild,”saidCael.“Butthisgivesusanadditionalpieceofevidencethathumanactivityislikelyaffectinglargepartsoftheglobalbiosphere(生物圈)inawaythatwehaven’tbeenabletounderstand.”Althoughthisdiscoveryfirmlydocumentsanotherconsequenceofachangingclimate,whatisnotyetclearishowstrongthesechangesareandwhatishappeninginsidetheoceantocausethem,accordingtoMichaelJBehrenfeld,aresearcherofoceanproductivity,whowasnotinvolvedintheresearch.NASAwillbelaunchinganadvancedsatellitemissioninJanuary2024calledPacewhichwillalsomeasurehundredsofcolorsintheoceaninsteadofahandful,progressingstudieslikethesefurther.“Makingmoremeaningfulinferencesaboutwhatthechangesactuallyareisdefinitelyabignextstep,”saidCael.12Whyshouldattentionbedrawntothechangingcolorofoceans?A.Itreflectsecosystemchanges.B.Itcausesclimatebreakdown. C.Humanactivitiesareaffected.D.Lowlatitudeareasareinfluenced.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“poredover”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Copied.B.Covered.C.Studied.D.Borrowed.14.WhatisMichael’sattitudetowardsthediscovery?A.Unclear.B.Dismissive.C.Objective.D.Indifferent.15.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Pace’sfunction.B.Cael’ssuggestions.C.Meaningfulinferences.D.NASA’sfurtherresearchplans.【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，地球海洋的颜色正在变化，介绍了其变化的原因和所带来的启示。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thereasonwhywecareaboutthisisnotthatwecareaboutthecolor,butthatthecolorisareflectionofthechangesinthestateoftheecosystem”（我们关心这个的原因不是我们关心颜色，而是颜色反映了生态系统状态的变化）可知，关注颜色是因为颜色反映了生态系统状态的变化。故选A。【13题详解】词句猜测题。结合划线词所在句“andlookedforpatternsofchangeintheocean’scolorthroughafullercolorspectrum（色谱）includingredandblue”（并通过包括红色和蓝色在内的更全面的光谱来寻找海洋颜色变化的模式）可知，本句讲的是凯尔的团队对美国宇航局的Modis-Aqua卫星20年的观测进行了研究。所以划线词此处的含义为“研究”，studied译为：研究。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Althoughthisdiscoveryfirmlydocumentsanotherconsequenceofachangingclimate,whatisnotyetclearishowstrongthesechangesareandwhatishappeninginsidetheoceantocausethem,accordingtoMichaelJBehrenfeld,aresearcherofoceanproductivity,whowasnotinvolvedintheresearch.”（尽管这一发现有力地证明了气候变化的另一个后果，但尚不清楚这些变化有多强烈，以及海洋内部发生了什么导致了这些变化，没有参与这项研究的海洋生产力研究员迈克尔·J·贝伦菲尔德说）可推知，Michael同时提出了这一发现的影响和不足，对此发现持客观态度。故选C。 【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“NASAwillbelaunchinganadvancedsatellitemissioninJanuary2024calledPacewhichwillalsomeasurehundredsofcolorsintheoceaninsteadofahandful,progressingstudieslikethesefurther.“Makingmoremeaningfulinferencesaboutwhatthechangesactuallyareisdefinitelyabignextstep,”saidCael.”（美国宇航局将于2024年1月发射一颗名为“佩斯”的先进卫星，该卫星还将测量海洋中的数百种颜色，而不是少数几种颜色，从而进一步推进这类研究。Cael说：“对这些变化做出更有意义的推断绝对是下一步的重要工作。”）可知，最后一段主要介绍了NASA的进一步的研究计划。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Herearesometipsforyoutostayhealthywithinyourbudget.Don’tsleeponafullstomach____16____.Well,giveenoughtimetoyourbodytoclean,process,andrestoretissueforanotherdayofwork.Ifyousleeponanemptystomach,youwillmakethebestofthisrest.Therefore,eatyourlastmealatleast3hoursbeforeyougotobed.EatgreenandnuttyWhenmeasuredonacostperserving,perweight,orpernutritionbasis,fruitsandvegetablesbeatoutmeatandjunkfood.____17____,astheywillbethemostappropriatefortheclimate,richerinnutrients,andatthebestprice.Inaddition,replacevegetableoilswithnutoilsforcooking.Researchshowsthat2tablespoonsofoilmadefromnutsperdaycanreducetheriskofheartdisease.ExercisethroughouttheweekExerciseisoneofthehealthiestinvestmentsofyourtimeandshouldhappenatleast3~5timesaweek,spacedoutnomorethantwodaysapart.____18____.CreateyoursupportnetworkHumansarenotliketreesandcangrowallbyourselves.____19____.Makeanefforttomeetandtalktopeoplethataresincereandtryingtobebettereveryday,thosethatinspireyouandmakeyouwanttobeabetterhumanbeing.____20____Maketimeforwhatyouliketodo.Asyourbodyrelaxesandishappy,alltheorgansandsystemsworkattheirbest.A.Trytobuyinseason B.DowhatyouenjoydoingC.DomeaningfulthingswithfriendsD.Asanoldsayinggoes,“Timeishealth”E.AddnutstoyourdietatleasttwiceaweekF.Evenifyouareverybusy,makesureyouexercisethroughouttheweekG.Wearesocialbeingsandneedtheinteractionthatthecommunityprovides【答案】16.D17.A18.F19.G20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个保持身体健康的生活习惯。【16题详解】根据空后“Well,giveenoughtimetoyourbodytoclean,process,andrestoretissueforanotherdayofwork.”（好吧，给你的身体足够的时间来清洁、处理和恢复组织，以迎接新的一天的工作。）可知，讲的给你的身体足够的时间来调整。结合选项D项Asanoldsayinggoes,“Timeishealth”.（俗话说：“时间就是健康”。）和下文内容意思一致，为总结下文内容。故选D项。【17题详解】上文“Whenmeasuredonacostperserving,perweight,orpernutritionbasis,fruitsandvegetablesbeatoutmeatandjunkfood.”（如果以每份食物、每份重量或每份营养的成本来衡量，水果和蔬菜打败了肉类和垃圾食品。）谈到多吃蔬菜水果。下文“astheywillbethemostappropriatefortheclimate,richerinnutrients,andatthebestprice.”（因为它们最适合气候，营养更丰富，价格也最好。）说明不逆着季节吃的好处。结合选项A项Trytobuyinseason（尽量在应季购买）可知，上下文语意连贯，起到上下文的承上启下作用。故选A项。【18题详解】根据上文“Exerciseisoneofthehealthiestinvestmentsofyourtimeandshouldhappenatleast3~5timesaweek,spacedoutnomorethantwodaysapart.”（锻炼是你时间中最健康的投资之一，每周至少应该进行3~5次，间隔不超过两天。）可知，讲的是锻炼是你时间中最健康的投资之一。结合选项F项Evenifyouareverybusy,makesureyouexercisethroughouttheweek.（即使你很忙，也要确保每周都锻炼。）可知，和上文内容紧密连接，为上文内容的语意递进。故选F项。【19题详解】根据空前“Humansarenotliketreesandcangrowallbyourselves.”（人类不像树，可以自己生长。）及空后“Makeanefforttomeetandtalktopeoplethataresincereandtryingtobebettereveryday,thosethatinspireyouandmakeyouwanttobeabetterhumanbeing. ”（努力去和那些真诚的、每天都在努力变得更好的人见面和交谈，那些能激励你、让你想成为更好的人的人。）可知，讲的是努力去和那些真诚的、每天都在努力变得更好的人见面和交谈。结合选项G项Wearesocialbeingsandneedtheinteractionthatthecommunityprovides.（我们是社会生物，需要社区提供的互动。）可知，和上下文内容相关，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。【20题详解】由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段内容。该段下文“Maketimeforwhatyouliketodo.Asyourbodyrelaxesandishappy,alltheorgansandsystemsworkattheirbest.”（腾出时间做你喜欢做的事。当你的身体放松和快乐时，所有的器官和系统都在最佳状态下工作。）可知，讲的是腾出时间做你喜欢做的事，结合选项B项Dowhatyouenjoydoing.（做你喜欢做的事）意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选B项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Inalettertohisdaughter,FranklinquestionedthechoiceoftheeagleasthesymboloftheUS.Hesaidthattheselecteddesignlookedmorelikea(n)____21____.Hethenexplainedtherespectabilityandmoralityofeachanimal.”Formyownpart,Iwishtheeaglehasnotbeenchosenasthe____22____ofourcountry.Heisabirdof____23____moralcharacter.Heistoo____24____anddoesnotgethislivinghonestly.Youmayhaveseenhimwaitingonsomedeadtreeneartheriverandwatchingtheotherfishingbirdswork.Whentheyhavecaughtafish____25____,theeagle____26____themandtakesthefishtohismateandbabies.Withallthisinjustice,heisneveragoodexamplebutlikethosemenwholiveby____27____thepoor.Besides,heisacoward(懦夫).ThelittleKingBird,whichisnot____28____thanasparrow(麻雀),attackshimbravelyanddriveshimoutofitsarea.____29____,heisbynomeansa(n)____30____symbolforthebraveandhonestAmericanswhohave____31____alltheBritishfromourcountry.“Onthisaccount,Iamnot____32____thatthedesigndoesnotseemlikeaneagle,butlooksmorelikeaturkey.Incomparison,Ithinkaturkeyisamuchmore____33____bird.Thoughitisalittlebitsilly,aturkeyisabirdof____34____.Itwillnot____35____toattacktheBritishwhoenterhisfarmyardwitharedcoaton.“21.A.elephantB.antC.donkeyD.turkey22.A.representativeB.stampC.futureD.hero23.A.nobleB.officialC.badD.acceptable24.A.stubbornB.lazyC.handsomeD.old25.A.byaccidentB.inpersonC.atlengthD.onpurpose26.A.helpsB.attacksC.lovesD.guides 27.A.comfortingB.protectingC.praisingD.robbing28.A.biggerB.youngerC.weakerD.prettier29.A.InsteadB.HoweverC.NeverthelessD.Therefore30.A.universalB.brightC.properD.abstract31.A.invitedB.drivenC.receivedD.met32.A.displeasedB.puzzledC.satisfiedD.surprised33.A.deliciousB.stupidC.respectableD.beautiful34A.courageB.wisdomC.speedD.size35.A.wantB.needC.decideD.hesitate【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.B25.C26.B27.D28.A29.D30.C31.B32.A33.C34.A35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了富兰克林对美国象征秃鹰设计草图的个人看法。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说，选定的设计看起来更像一只火鸡。A.elephant大象；B.ant蚂蚁；C.donkey驴子；D.turkey火鸡。根据下文“...thedesigndoesnotseemlikeaneagle,butlooksmorelikeaturkey.”可知，那个图样非常像火鸡(turkey)。故选D。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就我个人而言，我希望鹰没有被选为我们国家的代表。A.representative代表；B.stamp邮票；C.future未来；D.hero英雌。根据上文“Inalettertohisdaughter,FranklinquestionedthechoiceoftheeagleasthesymboloftheUS.”可知，富兰克林不希望用秃鹰代表(representative)美国。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它是一只品行不端的鸟。A.noble贵族的；B.official官方的；C.bad坏的；D.acceptable可接受的。根据空后“Heistoo________anddoesnotgethislivinghonestly.”可知，富兰克林认为秃鹰又懒(lazy)又不诚实，是个坏(bad)榜样。故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它太懒了，不能老老实实地谋生。A.stubborn固执的；B.lazy懒惰的；C.handsome英俊的；D.old老的。根据下文“doesnotgethislivinghonestly”可知，富兰克林认为秃鹰又懒(lazy)又不诚实，故选B。【25题详解】 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：当它们终于抓到一条鱼时，秃鹰就会攻击它们，把鱼带给它的配偶和孩子。A.byaccident意外地；B.inperson亲自；C.atlength最后；终于；D.onpurpose故意地。根据上文“Youmayhaveseenhimwaitingonsomedeadtreeneartheriverandwatchingtheotherfishingbirdswork.”可知，别的鸟忙着抓鱼的时候，它只做壁上观。等它们终于(atlength)捕到一条，它就马上发动攻击(attacks)。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们终于抓到一条鱼时，秃鹰就会攻击它们，把鱼带给它的配偶和孩子。A.helps帮助；B.attacks袭击；C.loves爱；D.guides指导。根据下文“takesthefishtohismateandbabies”可知，这里指它就马上发动攻击，把鱼带给它的配偶和孩子。故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：面对所有这些不公正，它从来不是一个好的榜样，而是像那些以掠夺穷人为生的人一样。A.comforting安慰；B.protecting保护；C.praising赞扬；D.robbing抢劫。根据上文“Whentheyhavecaughtafish　　,theeagle　　　　themandtakesthefishtohismateandbabies.”可知，别的鸟忙着抓鱼的时候，它只做壁上观。等它们终于捕到一条，秃鹰就马上发动攻击，然后把鱼带给它的配偶和孩子，所以秃鹰更像那些掠夺(robbing)穷人的家伙。故选D。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：比麻雀大不了多少的蜂鹟勇敢地攻击它，把它赶出了它的领地。A.bigger更大的；B.younger更年轻的；C.weaker更弱的；D.prettier更漂亮的。根据下文“thanasparrow”可知，秃鹰还是个欺软怕硬的懦夫。就连还没麻雀大的(bigger)蜂鹟它都不敢斗。故选A。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，因此，对于那些把所有英国人赶出我们国家的勇敢而诚实的美国人来说，它绝不是一个合适的象征。A.Instead相反；B.However然而；C.Nevertheless尽管如此；D.Therefore因此。根据上文“Heistoo　　　anddoesnotgethislivinghonestly.”及“Besides,heisacoward(懦夫)”可知，这里表示这些不足使得秃鹰不适合代表美国人民。所以表示因果关系。故选D。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，因此，对于那些把所有英国人赶出我们国家的勇敢而诚实的美国人来说，它绝不是一个合适的象征。A.universal普遍的；B.bright明亮的；C.proper合适的；D.abstract抽象的。根据上文“Heistoo　　　anddoesnotgethislivinghonestly.”及“Besides,heisacoward(懦夫)”可知，秃鹰本身的缺点不适合作为美国的象征。故选C。【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，对于那些把所有英国人赶出我们国家的勇敢而诚实的美国人来说，他绝不是一个合适的象征。A.invited邀请；B.driven驱赶；C.received接受；D.met遇见。根据下文“alltheBritishfromourcountry”可知，勤劳勇敢的美国人民则是把大英殖民者赶出了(driven)家园。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：仅从这一点来讲，“我”对这个看起来像火鸡的设计图并不会感到不悦。A.displeased不愉快的；B.puzzled困惑的；C.satisfied满意的；D.surprised惊讶的。根据上文提到秃鹰的缺点不足以作为美国的代表，可知，这里指对于这个像火鸡一样的设计我并不会感到不悦。故选A。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，我觉得火鸡更受人尊敬。A.delicious美味的；B.stupid愚蠢的；C.respectable受尊敬的；体面的；D.beautiful漂亮的。根据下文“Thoughitisalittlebitsilly,aturkeyisabirdof　”罗列了火鸡的有点，因此此处指“我”认为火鸡比秃鹰还要体面些(respectable)。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管它有点儿傻，但它有勇气。A.courage勇气；B.wisdom智慧；C.speed速度；D.size尺寸。根据下文“attacktheBritishwhoenterhisfarmyardwitharedcoaton”可知，如果英国佬踏进了它的领地，它会毫不犹豫地把他们赶走。说明它有勇气。故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果英国佬踏进了它的领地，它会毫不犹豫地把他们赶走。A.want想要；B.need需要；C.decide决定；D.hesitate犹豫。根据上文“Besides,heisacoward”可知，这里拿火鸡和秃鹰的懦弱作比较，所以此处指如果英国佬踏进了它的领地，它会毫不犹豫(hesitate)地把他们赶走。故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheForbiddenCity,also____36____(refer)toasthePalaceMuseuminthemoderndays,islocatedintheheartofBeijing.Itisanancient____37____(architecture)complexwithahistoryofmorethan600years.IntheMingandQingDynasties,twenty-fouremperorslivedhere____38____(rule)Chinafornearly500years.ThebuildingsintheForbiddenCityareallcoveredwithyellowglazedtile(琉璃瓦)____39____(roof)withredcolumnsandhighwallsbeneath,symbolizingthenoblestatusoftheroyalfamily.Inadditiontoitsmagnificentappearance,thePalaceMuseumalso____40____(house)overonemillionpiecesofculturalrelicsandtreasures.AftertheendoftheQingDynasty,thePalaceMuseum____41____(establish)in1925,allowingtouristsathomeandabroad____42____(visit)thearchitectureandappreciatetheartistictreasures.Inrecentyears,the600-year-oldForbiddenCityhasbecome____43____Internetcelebrity,launching thousandsofculturalandartisticproducts____44____stationery(文具)andfurnishingstoclothingandcosmetics(化妆品).A“DigitalForbiddenCity”hasalsobeencreated,allowingpeopletovisitthepalaceinanimmersiveway.Asanewdaybegins,theancientForbiddenCitycontinuestowelcomevisitorsfromallovertheworld.Beiton-site____45____online,yourvisittothePalaceMuseummayhelpyoutravelthroughtimeandspaceandappreciatethetime-honoredChineseculture.【答案】36.referred37architectural38.ruling39.roofs40.houses41.wasestablished42.tovisit43.an44.from45.or【解析】【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章介绍了有着600多年历史的中国著名的古代建筑群—故宫博物院，现在人们无论是在现场还是在网上，都可以参观故宫博物院，穿越时空，欣赏悠久的中国文化。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：紫禁城，在现代也被称为故宫博物院，位于北京的中心。根据句中谓语“islocated”可知，此处为非谓语动词，作定语修饰“TheForbiddencity”，并与其构成被动关系，故应用过去分词形式。故填referred。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：它是一个有600多年历史的古代建筑群。分析句子可知，此处应为形容词，作定语修饰名词“complex”，表示“建筑的”。故填architectural。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在明清两代，有24位皇帝在这里居住统治中国近500年。根据句中谓语“lived”可知，此处应为非谓语动词，作伴随状语，并与“twenty-fouremperors”形成主动关系，故应用现在分词形式。故填ruling。【39题详解】考查名词复数。句意：紫禁城的所有建筑都覆盖着黄色的琉璃瓦屋顶，下面是红色的柱子和高高的墙壁，象征着皇室的高贵地位。根据“yellowglaxedtile”可知，此处应为名词，作宾语；根据“columns”和“walls”及句意可知，应用名词复数形式。故填roofs。 【40题详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：除了宏伟的外观，故宫博物院还收藏了一百多万件文物和珍宝。分析句子可知，此处应为谓语动词；根据上一句的谓语“arecovered”及句意可知，应用一般现在时，表示客观事实；主语是“thePalaceMuseum”，应为主动语态，谓语动词为单数。故填houses。【41题详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：清朝结束后，故宫博物院于1925年建立，允许国内外游客参观建筑和欣赏艺术珍品。分析句子可知，此处应为谓语动词；根据时间状语“in1925”可知，应为一般过去时；主语是“thePalaceMuseum”，故应用被动语态，且谓语为单数形式。故填wasestablished。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：清朝结束后，故宫博物院于1925年建立，允许国内外游客参观建筑和欣赏艺术珍品。根据句中谓语“wasestablished”可知，此处应为非谓语动词；固定短语allowsbtodosth意为：允许某人做某事，符合句意，故应用动词不定式tovisit。故填tovisit。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：近年来，有着600年历史的紫禁城成为了网红，推出了数千种文化和艺术产品，从文具、家具到服装和化妆品。分析句子可知，此处应为冠词，作定语修饰名词短语“Internetcelebrity”，由句意可知，表示“一个”网红，属于泛指；“Internet”发音为元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：近年来，有着600年历史的紫禁城成为了网红，推出了数千种文化和艺术产品，从文具、家具到服装和化妆品。分析句子可知，此处应为介词，后接名词短语“stationeryandfurnishings”；根据句中介词“to”，及固定短语from...to...从……到……，应用介词from。故填from。【45题详解】考查连词。句意：无论是在现场还是在网上，你的故宫之旅都可以帮助你穿越时空，欣赏悠久的中国文化。分析句子及句意可知，“online”与“on-site”之间为选择关系，表示“或者”，故应用连词or。故填or。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，你班准备在重阳节登高望远，请你代表班级写一封邮件邀请外教Glen参加。内容包括：1.登山意义； 2.活动安排。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearGlen,IamLiHua,monitorofClass1,Senior3.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua【答案】Onepossibleversion:DearGlen,IamLiHua,monitorofClass1,Senior3.IamwritingtoinviteyoutojoinustoclimbmountainnextMonday,whichistheDoubleNinthFestival.Mountainclimbingservesasatraditionalactivityonthatday.Standingonthetopofthemountain,wecanenjoyabroaderhorizon.Wewillgatherattheschoolgateat4:00p.m.onthatday.TheschoolbuswilltakeustotheQingyunMountain.Bottledwaterandsnackswillbeoffered.Andtherearestonestepsuptothemountaintop,soitwon’tbesochallengingandtiring.We’llreallyappreciateitifyoujoinus.Yourssincerely,LiHua【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生代表班级写一封邮件邀请外教Glen参加班级准备在重阳节的登高望远活动。【详解】1.词汇积累担任,充当：serveas→workas欣赏，享受：enjoy→appreciate 聚集：gather→gettogether提供：offer→provide2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：Wewillgatherattheschoolgateat4:00p.m.onthatday.TheschoolbuswilltakeustotheQingyunMountain.拓展句：Wewillgatherattheschoolgateat4:00p.m.onthatday,whentheschoolbuswilltakeustotheQingyunMountain.【点睛】【高分句型1】IamwritingtoinviteyoutojoinustoclimbmountainnextMonday,whichistheDoubleNinthFestival.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】Standingonthetopofthemountain,wecanenjoyabroaderhorizon.（运用了现在分词作状语）第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。MollyandherhusbandRexranausedbookstoreinasmalltown.People,mostlykids,cameheretoreadbooks,sellbooksandbuybooks.Themorninghadbeenfullofrain,andpassers-bywerewalkingwithnarroweyesunderumbrellas.Mollyrestedbothherhandsonthecounterandleaned（倾斜）forwardtowatchtheworldoutsideintherainwhileRexwasbusysortingoutbooksonthebookshelves.Rick,whosatonthefloorburyinghimselfinreadingahardbackillustratedbook,wastheonlycustomerinsucharainyday.Rickwasaregularcustomertothebookstoreandheneversoldabookorboughtabook.Hejustreadbooks.“Canyoukeepthisbookforme?”MollyheardashyvoiceandlookeddowntofinditwaslittleRickthatstoodbeforethecounter,holdingtheillustratedbookandasked.“Sure!”Mollynoddedencouragingly.ButtheuncertaintyremainedonRick’sface.“I’llbebackreallysoon.Promise.TomorrowifIcan.”Mollynoddedtohimasseriouslyasshewastreatinganadult.Mollywantedtoaskhimiftherewasanythingdifficult,butshekeptsilent.Anyway,sheputtheillustratedbookinadrawerincaseanyoneelsewouldtakeit.Mostofthesecondhandbooksinherstorewereunique.Ifitwassold,shewouldfailtokeepherpromise.Rickdidn’treturnthefollowingday,orthedayafterthat.Mollywassomehowdisappointed.Rexsuggestedplacingtheillustratedbookonthebookshelfsothatotherscouldreaditortakeit.InRex’sopinion,childrenmadepromisesallthetimeandtheypromisedallkindsofthings.Whentheycametoastoreandwasattractedby something,theypromisedtocomebackandtheyaskedtheshopkeepernottoletanyoneelsetakethethingstheywantedaway.Ithappenedallthetime.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。ButMollyinsistedthattheyshouldwaitandkeepthebook.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Rickpushedthedooropenandrushedtothecounterholdinghismoneybox.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:ButMollyinsisted,thattheyshouldwaitandkeepthebook.Shedidn’tplacetheillustratedbookonthebookshelf,hopingRickwouldshowupsoon.Akidmightmakeallkindsofpromisesandfailtokeepthem.ButRickwassosincereandeagerthatMollybelievedhewouldn’tbreakhispromise.Akid’spromiseismorevaluablethanthecostofthebook.ThebookwouldrestinthedrawerstilluntilRickshowedup.Thenononesunnymorning,Mollyfoundalittleboyrunningallthewaytowardsherbookstoreholdingsomething.ThelittleboywasexactlyRick.Rickpushedthedooropenandrushedtothecounterholdinghismoneybox.Mollyexcitedlypulledthedraweropen,tookouttheillustratedbookandwalkedoutfromthecounterimmediately.ShekneltwithonelegandsmiledatRick,handingthebooktoRick.Rick’seyeswereshininglookingatthebook,andheputtheboxonthefloorandheldthebook,“Ithinkyouguys’dbettermakeyourdealhereatthecoffeetable,”saidRex.Mollywinkedathimdelightedly.Thesunlightcamethroughtheglasswindowandcastonthelittlecustomerandthe nicelady.【解析】【导语】文章以人物为线索展开。Molly和她的丈夫Rex经营一家二手书店。在这个书店里，来的顾客多数是小孩。他们来这里读书，卖书，买书。这天上午一直下雨，街上的路人打着伞，慵懒的走着。Molly双手放在柜台上，身体前倾，看着外面雨中的世界；丈夫Rex则忙着整理书架上的书。店里的一位常客，也是今天唯一的顾客Rick正在看着书。突然，Rick带着一本图画书走到Molly跟前，告诉她让她给他保管好，承诺他明天回来还会看。Molly答应了他，但时间过去了，Rick并没有如约出现。【详解】1.段落续写①根据第一段首句“但是Molly坚持要他们等一等，把书留下。”可知，第一段接下来的内容可以描述Molly猜想这个男孩不会违背自己的诺言，他会回到书店，而自己则会一直把这本书给他保留Rick的出现。最终男孩出现在她的视野里。②根据第二段首句“Rick推开门，拿着他的钱箱冲向柜台。”可知，接下来的内容可以描述Molly把书递给男孩，男孩高兴地接过书。外面的阳光透过玻璃，照在小顾客和体贴的女店主的身上。2.续写线索等待——希望——男孩出现——兴奋——递还男孩书本——男孩接书——和谐画面出现——阳光出现在两人身上3词汇激活行为类放置：place/lay/set/put希望：hope/expect/anticipate走出：walkout/stepout递给：hand/handover/passon情绪类真诚的：sincere/honest/earnest/devout激动地：excitedly/gleefully/cheerfully【点睛】【高分句型1】Shedidn’tplacetheillustratedbookonthebookshelf,hopingRickwouldshowupsoon.（运用了现在分词作状语）【高分句型2】ShekneltwithonelegandsmiledatRick,handingthebooktoRick.（运用了现在分词作状语）