安徽省安徽师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期末教学质量诊断测试英语（解析版）.docx

《安徽省安徽师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期末教学质量诊断测试英语（解析版）.docx》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

2022—2023学年高一年级第一学期教学质量诊断测试英语试卷注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分).第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wherewasthemanfrom?A.Australia.B.NewZealand.C.England.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:You’reAustrilian,aren’tyou?M:No,IwasborninLondon,althoughmymotherisfromNewZealand.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howwillthewomangettothecitycenter?A.Bysubway.B.Bytaxi.C.Bybus.【答案】A【解析】【原文】3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A.Annoyed.B.Excited.C.Sleepy.【答案】A第24页/共24页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【解析】【原文】4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Whattoeatforlunch.B.Whethertoeatout.C.Whentohavelunch.【答案】B【解析】【原文】5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthemandoing?A.Signingforabox.B.Collectingthewoman’sinformation.C.Fillingoutaform.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Pleasewriteyounameonthisline.M:Which?Myfirstnameorlastname?W:Yourfamilynameandthenyourfirstname.Andsinceyouarenotmarried,pleaseputamarkinthesinglebox.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Toadvertiseforaprogram.B.Toansweramessage.C.Toaskformoney.7.Whichsportneedsanextrapay?A.Swimming.B.Golf.C.Horse-riding.【答案】6.B7.A第24页/共24页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【解析】原文】听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Howlonghaven’tthetwospeakersseeneachother?A.Fortwomonths.B.Forthreemonths.C.Forfourmonths.9.Whydoesthewomanlookdifferentnow?A.Sheeatsless.B.Shedrinksdiettea.C.Shedoesmoreexercise.10.Whatwillthemanprobablydonextweek?A.Godancing.B.Goswimming.C.Gorunning.【答案】8.B9.C10.A【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Kate.W:Hi,Don.Whatasurprise!M:Yeah,wehaven’tseeneachotherforalmostthreemonths.Andyoulookquitedifferentnow.W:Haveyounoticedwhathaschanged?M:Oh,youareingoodshape.Areyouonadietordrinkingadiettea?W:Neither.I’mjustdoingmoreexercise.Andit’sreallyworkedinthepastthreemonths.I’velostthreepounds.M:Wow!That’sgreat!Ireallywanttoloseweight.I’vebeentryingfortwomonths,butit’sdifficulttokeepuptheexercise.W:That’strue.Oldhabitsarehardtobreak.M:Whatkindofexercisedoyoutake?Doyougoswimmingorrunning?W:Well,I’mtakingadanceclass.Idancetwohourseverydayafterwork.M:Dance?Youonlygodancing?That’snothard.Icandothat.W:Whynotjoinmydanceclassnextweek?M:Goodidea!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Howdidthewomanknowaboutthehotel?第24页/共24页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 A.Fromafriend.B.Fromanewspaper.C.FromtheInternet.12.Whenwillthewoman’sfamilyleavethehotel?A.OnAugust23rd.B.OnAugust30th.C.OnSeptember6th.13.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shehasonechild.B.Shetakestheman’sadvice.C.Shewillbookroomsnexttoeachother.【答案】11.A12.C13.B【解析】【原文】听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Wherecantheconversationhappen?A.Atschool.B.Inthestreet.C.Athome.15.Whatdidthemanlose?A.Bread.B.Candy.C.Apen.16.WhydidthewomanbelieveCynthiadidn’ttakeit?A.Becausetheyarefriends.B.BecauseshelikesCynthia.CBecausetheystayedtogetherallday.【答案】14.A15.B16.C【解析】【原文】W:Whatareyoudoing,Alex?M:Iamlookingformycandy.Somearegone.W:Whocouldtakeyourcandy?M:I’msurethatCynthiatookit.W:Cynthia?Idon’tbelieve.M:Ithinkshedid!Shewasatschoolyesterday.W:Sowaseveryoneelse!It’sabigschool.M:Shelikescandy.第24页/共24页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 W:Lotsofpeoplelikecandy.Ithinkyou’remistaken.M:Waitaminute.Whyareyousosureshedidn’ttakeit?W:Becauseshestayedwithmealldaylong.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatdoesthespeakersometimeshaveforbreakfast?A.Apieceofbread.B.Asandwich.C.Tomatoes.18.Whendoesthespeakerhavehermainmealoftheday?A.Inthemorning.B.Atnoon.C.Intheevening.19.Whatdoesthespeakerliketohaveattheendofthedinner?A.Acookie.B.Ice-cream.C.Apieceoffruit.20.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeaker?A.Shelikesoranges.B.Shelovesmeat.C.Sheisonadiet.【答案】17.A18.C19.B20.B【解析】【原文】第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AChinaisoneoftheworld’sancientcivilizationsandhastheearliestoutstandingbronzecasting(青铜冶铸)technology.Herewe’vecreatedalistof4museumswhereyoucangainanin-depthunderstandingofChinesebronze.SanxingduiMuseumAddress:SanxingduiRuinSite,133XiangxinRoad,Guanghan,Deyang,SichuanprovinceHours:ComprehensiveGallery(thefirstexhibitionhall):8:30-18:00;BronzeGallery(thesecondexhibitionhall):8:30-18:30.(noentryafter17:00).ClosedonthemorningofChineseNewYear’sEve.Ticketbooking:0838-5651526Generaladmission:Galleryticket80yuanNote:Childrenshorterthan1.2m(including1.2m)canvisitthegalleryfreeofcharge.Theticket第24页/共24页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 mustbeusedonthedayitissold.NationalMuseumofChinaAddress:EastsideofTian’anmenSquare,Dongchengdistrict,BeijingHours:8:30-17:00(noentryafter16:30)Generaladmission:Free(passportrequiredforentry).ClosedMondays(exceptfornationalholidays)E-mail:webmaster@chnmuseum.cnShanghaiMuseum;Address:201RenminAvenue,Huangpudistrict,ShanghaiHours:9:00-17:00(noentryafter16:00).ClosedMondays(exceptfornationalholidays).E-mail:webmaster@shanghai-museum.orgGeneraladmission:Free(amaxof8,000admitteddaily).HunanMuseumAddress:50DongfengRoad,Changsha,HunanprovinceHours:9:00-17:00(noentryafter16:00).ClosedMondays(exceptfornationalholidays)andtheeveofChineseNewYear.Tel:(+86-731)84415833,84475933E-mail:web@hnmuseum.comGeneraladmission:Free(passportrequiredforentry).21.WhichmuseumshouldyouchooseforyourfamilytovisitnextMonday?A.SanxingduiMuseum.B.HunanMuseum.C.ShanghaiMuseum.D.NationalMuseumofChina.22.Whatdothesemuseumsinthispassagehaveincommon?A.Theyareallfreeofcharge.B.Theyallsetadeadlineforentry.第24页/共24页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 C.TheyalllieinthesouthofChina.D.Theycanallbeavailablethroughe-mail.23.Inwhichpartofanewspapercanyoumostprobablyreadthispassage?A.Sports.B.News.C.Shortstory.D.HistoryandCulture.【答案】21A22.B23.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个能深入了解中国青铜器的博物馆。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一部分中“Hours:ComprehensiveGallery(thefirstexhibitionhall):8:30-18:00;BronzeGallery(thesecondexhibitionhall):8:30-18:30.(noentryafter17:00).ClosedonthemorningofChineseNewYear’sEve.(时间：综合展厅（第一展厅）：8:30—18:00；青铜展厅（第二展厅）：8:30-18:30（17:00后禁止入内）。除夕夜上午闭馆)”和“NationalMuseumofChina”中的“ClosedMondays(exceptfornationalholidays)”，ShanghaiMuseum部分中的“ClosedMondays(exceptfornationalholidays).”及HunanMuseum部分中的“ClosedMondays(exceptfornationalholidays)andtheeveofChineseNewYear.”可知，中国国家博物馆、上海博物馆和湖南省博物馆星期一都是不开放的。故可推知，在星期一，只能带家人去参观三星堆博物馆。故选A。【22题详解】推理判断题。结合文章内容可知，三星堆博物馆的最后售票时间是下午五点，中国国家博物馆在下午四点半以后不允许进入，上海博物馆和湖南省博物馆在下午四点以后都不能进入。故可推知，这四个博物馆的共同特点是都设置了入馆的最晚时间限制。故选B。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Chinaisoneoftheworld’sancientcivilizationsandhastheearliestoutstandingbronzecasting(青铜冶铸)technology.(中国是世界文明古国之一，拥有最早的杰出青铜铸造技术)”以及文章接下来介绍了四个能深入了解中国青铜器的博物馆。可推知，这篇文章应该是来自报纸的历史和文化版块。故选D。BNatehadspentmostofhisseventyyearsinthewoods.Asayoungman,hehadthealternativeofworkinginthecitywithhisbrother.Buthedecidedthaturbanlifewasnotforhim.Hepreferredtoisolatehimselffromthecrowdsandnoiseofthecityandfindshelterinnature.Hewasmorethanwillingtogiveupsuchadvantagesasflushtoiletsandelectricblanketsforthejoyofwatchingasunriseilluminatethefrozenpines.BecauseNatehadlivedaloneforsolong,hisbehaviorwasunpredictable.Forexample,oneminutehe’dbe第24页/共24页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 veryquiet,andthenexthe’dtalkabouthisyouth.Hisknowledgeofnaturewasextensive,andsoIlearnedmuchfromhimthroughtheyears.Iwilltellyouaninterestingstorythatshowshowwisehewasaboutthewoodsandhowmiserly(吝啬的)hecouldbewithwords.OneeveningNate,mycousinArthur,andIwerecrossingagrassland.Arthur’sinterestinsomelittlewhitemushroomsthatweregrowingthereledtothisdialogue:“Thesemushroomslooksogood,“saidArthur.”Didyoueverusethem,Nate?”“Yep,“saidNate,“Mymomusedtocookthemup.”“Great!”saidArthur.Nate’swordsseemedtostrengthenArthur’sdesireforthosemushrooms.Hegatheredaboutahundredofthem.“Howdidshepreparethem?heaskedNate.”Cookedthemupinsugarwater.“”Really?Andthenyouatethemthatway?”“Atethem?“Natewashorrified.”Youcrazy?Weusedtoputtheminabowlonthetabletokillflies!”24.WhichcanmakeNatehappier?A.Workinginthecity.B.Quittingflushtoilets.C.Usingelectricblankets.D.Enjoyingsunrisesinthewoods.25.WhichwordcanbestdescribeNate?A.Ambitious.B.Brave.C.Knowledgeable.D.Imaginative.26.Whatdoweknowaboutthewhitemushrooms?A.Theyweredelicious.B.Nateatethemveryoften.C.Theymightbepoisonous.D.Arthur’smotherusedtocookthem.27.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthepassage?A.LifefarfromnatureB.WhitemushroomsC.NatethewoodsmanD.Advantagesofurbanlife【答案】24.D25.C26.C27.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了常年生活在森林的内特有一天和作者及作者表弟亚瑟正在穿越一片草地，亚瑟问小白蘑菇能不能吃，然而亚瑟误解了内特的回答，侧面反映内特对森林是多么明智，对语言是多么吝啬。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Buthedecidedthaturbanlifewasnotforhim.Hepreferredtoisolatehimselffrom第24页/共24页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 thecrowdsandnoiseofthecityandfindshelterinnature.Hewasmorethanwillingtogiveupsuchadvantagesasflushtoiletsandelectricblanketsforthejoyofwatchingasunriseilluminatethefrozenpines.”（但他认为城市生活不适合他。他宁愿把自己从城市的人群和喧嚣中隔离出来，在大自然中寻找庇护所。他非常愿意放弃抽水马桶和电热毯这样的好处，来享受看日出照亮冰冻松树的乐趣。）可知，在树林里享受日出能让内特更快乐。故选D项。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Hisknowledgeofnaturewasextensive,andsoIlearnedmuchfromhimthroughtheyears.”（他对自然的知识很渊博，因此多年来我从他那里学到了很多东西。）可知，内特是个很有知识的人。故选C项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Weusedtoputtheminabowlonthetabletokillflies!”（我们以前把它们放在桌子上的碗里杀苍蝇！）可知，蘑菇可以用来杀苍蝇，由此可推知白蘑菇有毒。故选C项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段讲“常年生活在森林的内特喜欢自然，不喜欢城市生活”，第二段讲“内特的一些品质(行为无法预测和知识广博)”，第三段和后文对话通过“蘑菇是否能吃”反映内特对森林是多么明智，对语言是多么吝啬，全文围绕主人翁内特展开，C项“林居者内特”能概括全文。故选C项。CConfucius,afamousteacher,wasapoliticianandphilosopherwholivedin“SpringandAutumnPeriod”.Duringhislifetime,heplantedtheseedsforChina’stransformationbyteachingthousandsofpeople.Today,heisthoughttobeoneoftheworld’sgreatestteachers.Confuciusgrewupinapoorfamily.Ashegrewup,Confuciusworkedtohelphismotherearnmoney.Whenhewasn’tworking,hewouldread.Hisfavoritethingtodowastolearn.Hismothersawthisanddidherbesttohelphimlearn.Oneday,richfamiliesnoticedhowsmarthewasandofferedhimjobscountingtheirmoneyandkeepingtrackoftheircrops.Confuciusdidthisuntilhewas30yearsold,buthealwayswantedtodomore.Hedidn’tlikethewayrulerstreatedtheirsubjects.Hewantedtofindawaytohelppeoplewhowerelessfortunatethanhewas.Later,hefoundedthephilosophy“Confucianism”.Confucianismstatesthatbyeducatingyourself,lovingyourfamily,andrespectingtraditionyoucouldbecomeabetterperson.Confuciusbelievedapersoncouldachievethesethingsbypracticingself-discipline.Fortherestofhislife,ConfuciustraveledandtaughtthepeopleofChinaaboutself-disciplineandtheimportanceofeducation.HeevenopenedChina’sfirstschooltoteachboththepoorandthewealthyasequals.AlthoughhebecameveryfamousamongChina’slowerclasses,therulersofChinanever第24页/共24页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 acceptedhisteachings.Eventually,hisphilosophyofself-disciplinehelpedChinauniteunderonerulerandfinallyfindpeace.Today,Confuciusiscelebratedallovertheworldforhisphilosophyofeducation,equality,andpeaceoverwar,money,andinjustice.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“subjects”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Themes.B.Courses.C.People.D.Tests.29.Accordingtotheauthor,whydidConfuciusopenChina’sfirstschool?A.Toteachboththepoorandtherich.B.TobecomefamousamongChina’slowerclasses.C.TobeacceptedbytherulersofChina.D.Tobecelebratedallovertheworld.30.WhatcanweknowaboutConfuciusfromthepassage?A.Hewasonceafarmerguidingpeoplefarming.B.Hewasborninapoliticianfamily.C.Heonceactedasamathteacher.D.Hedevotedhimselftosocialchange.31.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardsConfucianism?A.Doubtful.B.Supportive.C.Disappointed.D.Uncertain.【答案】28.C29.A30.D31.B【解析】【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了春秋时期的政治家和哲学家孔子，介绍了孔子的个人经历，以及他著名的一些儒家思想。儒家思想认为，通过自我教育、热爱家庭、尊重传统，你可以成为一个更好的人。【28题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Hewantedtofindawaytohelppeoplewhowerelessfortunatethanhewas.(他想找到一种方法来帮助那些没有他幸运的人)”以及画线词上文“Hedidn’tlikethewayrulerstreatedtheir”可知，他想找到一种方法来帮助那些没有他幸运的人，说明他不喜欢统治者对待臣民的方式。故ruler指的是“统治者”，subjects的意思是“人民”。故选C。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“HeevenopenedChina’sfirstschooltoteachboththepoorandthewealthyasequals.(他甚至开办了中国第一所平等教育穷人和富人的学校)”可知，孔子开办中国第一所学校是为了既教穷人也教富人。故选A。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Duringhislifetime,heplantedtheseedsforChina’stransformationbyteaching第24页/共24页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 thousandsofpeople.(在他的一生中，他教导了成千上万的人，为中国的变革播下了种子)”可知，孔子致力于社会变革。故选D。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Eventually,hisphilosophyofself-disciplinehelpedChinauniteunderonerulerandfinallyfindpeace.Today,Confuciusiscelebratedallovertheworldforhisphilosophyofeducation,equality,andpeaceoverwar,money,andinjustice.(最终，他的自律哲学帮助中国统一在一个统治者之下，最终找到了和平。今天，孔子因其教育、平等、和平而不是战争、金钱和不公的哲学而受到全世界的颂扬)”可推知，作者对儒家思想的态度是支持的。故选B。DScientistsmayhavefoundawaytoreduceshortageoftypeOblood.TypeOisthekindofbloodthathospitalsmostoftenneed.WhattheresearchersaretestingisaneasierwaytomaketypeObloodoutofotherkindsofblood.Therearefourmainkindsofblood.Mostpeoplearebornwithoneofthesefour:TypeA,TypeB,TypeABorTypeO.TypeOcanbesafelygiventoanyone.Soitiscommonlyusedwhenapersonisinjuredorsickandhastohaveblood.TypeOisthemostcommonbloodgroup.Butthesuppliesofitavailableinhospitalsandbloodbanksareusuallylimited.Thisisbecauseofthehighdemandforit.TypeObloodisusedinemergencieswhenthereisnotimetoidentifythepatient’sbloodtype.GivingA,BorABtosomeonewithadifferentbloodtype,includingO,cancauseabadreactionbytheperson’sdefensesystem.Theirimmunesystemcanrejecttheblood.Thisimmunereactioncanbedeadly.Thedifferencesamongbloodtypesarelinkedtowhetherornotredbloodcellscontaincertainkindsofsugarmolecules(分子).Thesemoleculesarefoundonthesurfaceofthecells.Theyareknownasantigens(抗原),theseantigensarefoundwithTypeA,BandABbloodbutnotwithTypeO.Morethantwenty-fiveyearsago,scientistsfoundthattheantigenscouldberemovedtocreatewhattheycalleduniversal-typecells.Theycouldberemovedwithchemicalscalledenzymes(酶).Butlargeamountsofenzymeswererequiredtomakethechange.DoctorHenrikClausenoftheUniversityofCopenhageninDenmarkledthestudy.Thenextstep,hesays,istocompletesafetytests.TheteamisworkingwiththeAmericancompanyZymeQuesttotestthenewmethod.Ifitmeetssafetyrequirementsandisnottoocostly,itwillbecomeawidelyusedlife-savingtooltoincreasethesupplyofuniversalblood.32.HowdoscientistsdealwiththeproblemoflackingtypeOblood?A.MaketypeObloodoutofotherkindsofblood.第24页/共24页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 B.MakethemostofthepresenttypeOblood.C.DevelopnewwaysofusingtypeOblood.D.AppealtomorepeopletodonatetypeOblood.33.Whatmakepeoplehavedifferentkindsofblood?A.Sugarmoleculesinredbloodcells.B.Peopleddifferentlivingconditions.C.Thevarietyofpeople’scellsandgenes.D.People’svariousimmunesystems.34.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Antigenscouldnotberemovedtocreateuniversalblood.B.ADanishcompanywantedtoinvolveitselfinstudyingblood.C.TypeObloodandTypeABbloodcanbesafelygiventoanyone.D.Thenewmethodisnotsafeenoughtobeputintouseinhospitalsnow.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.FourDifferentKindsofBlood.B.ANewWaytoMakeTypeOBlood.C.TheLatestResearchonBloodType.D.FindtheProperTypeofBlood.【答案】32.A33.A34.D35.B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文，文章介绍了科学家发现O型血的一种新制造方法，来解决现在医院和血库中O型血匮乏的问题，还说明了血液的四种类型以及这项新方法的下一步进程是进行安全测试。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“TypeOisthekindofbloodthathospitalsmostoftenneed.WhattheresearchersaretestingisaneasierwaytomaketypeObloodoutofotherkindsofblood.(O型血是医院最需要的血。研究人员正在测试的是一种更简单的方法，可以从其他类型的血液中提取O型血。)”可知，科学家用其他血型制造O型血的方式来解决O型血缺乏的问题。故选A。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Thedifferencesamongbloodtypesarelinkedtowhetherornotredbloodcellscontaincertainkindsofsugarmolecules(分子).(血型之间的差异与红细胞中是否含有某种糖分子有关。)”可知，是红细胞中的糖分子让人们有不同的血型。故选A。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thenextstep,hesays,istocompletesafetytests.TheteamisworkingwiththeAmericancompanyZymeQuesttotestthenewmethod.Ifitmeetssafetyrequirementsandisnottoocostly,itwillbecomeawidelyusedlife-savingtooltoincreasethesupplyofuniversalblood.第24页/共24页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 (他说，下一步是完成安全测试。该团队正在与美国ZymeQuest公司合作测试这种新方法。如果它符合安全要求，而且成本不太高，它将成为一种广泛使用的救生工具，以增加通用血液的供应。)”可推知，新方法现在还不够安全，不能在医院里使用。故选D。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“ScientistsmayhavefoundawaytoreduceshortageoftypeOblood.TypeOisthekindofbloodthathospitalsmostoftenneed.WhattheresearchersaretestingisaneasierwaytomaketypeObloodoutofotherkindsofblood.(科学家们可能已经找到了一种减少O型血短缺的方法。O型血是医院最需要的血。研究人员正在测试的是一种更简单的方法，可以从其他类型的血液中提取O型血。)”可知，本文主要介绍科学家发现了一种新的O型血的制造方法，因此最好的题目是B选项“ANewWaytoMakeTypeOBlood.(制造O型血的新方法)”。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。SimpleWaystoImproveYourWrittenEnglishManypeoplethinkitisreallydifficulttoimprovetheirwritinginEnglish.Don’tworry,though.HerearesomesimplestepsthatyoucantaketoimproveyourwrittenEnglish.•Increaseyourvocabulary.Toexpressyourselfclearly,youneedagoodactivevocabulary.That’snotjustbeingabletoknowlotsofwords—itmeansactuallybeingabletousethemcorrectly.____36____Tip:Whenyoulearnanewword,trytolearnalltheformsofthatword.•____37____Peopleoftensaythatwelearntowritebestbyreading.ReadinginEnglishisusefulinmanyways.Itisagreatwaytogetanideaofthedifferentstylesofwritingandseehowtousewordsproperly.Tip:Choosebooksorarticlesthatinterestyou.____38____Inthelearningprocess,readeachtextseveraltimestomakesureyouunderstandhowtousenewwordsandexpressionsinthetext.•Improveyourgrammar.Grammarisveryimportantbecauseitimprovesthequalityofyourwriting.Tip:____39____Thefirsttime,lookforgeneralmistakesandthesecondtimelookformistakeswiththegrammarpointyouarestudyingatthemoment.•Justdoit!Thebestwaytoimproveyourwritingistogetapenandpaperandwrite.Bepreparedtowriteseveral第24页/共24页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 versionsofeachtext.____40____Tip:Asyoupracticeyourwriting,besuretohavefaithinyourselfandalwaysinsistonwriting,A.Knowyourreaders.B.Readwidelyandoften.C.Alwayscheckyourwritingtwice.D.Remember,practicemakesperfect!E.Asweallknow,learningshouldn’tbeboring.F.Usesimplerlanguageandshortersentencestoshowyourideas.G.Dothisbylearningnewwordswithexamplesentences,notjustwordlists.【答案】36.G37.B38.E39.C40.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些提高英语写作水平的简单方法。【36题详解】根据上文“Toexpressyourselfclearly,youneedagoodactivevocabulary.That’snotjustbeingabletoknowlotsofwords—itmeansactuallybeingabletousethemcorrectly.(为了清晰地表达自己，你需要丰富的词汇量。这不仅仅是能够认识很多单词，还意味着能够正确地使用它们)”可知，本句在具体说明如何通过使用新单词来认识更多单词。故G选项“通过例句来学习新单词，而不仅仅是单词列表”符合语境，故选G。【37题详解】根据后文“Peopleoftensaythatwelearntowritebestbyreading.ReadinginEnglishisusefulinmanyways.Itisagreatwaytogetanideaofthedifferentstylesofwritingandseehowtousewordsproperly.(人们常说我们通过阅读来学习写作。英语阅读在很多方面都很有用。这是了解不同写作风格并了解如何正确使用单词的好方法)”可知，本段主要说明了通过阅读来学习英语，故B选项“广泛而经常地阅读”符合语境，故选B。【38题详解】根据上文“Tip:Choosebooksorarticlesthatinterestyou.(小贴士：选择你感兴趣的书籍或文章)”以及后文“Inthelearningprocess,readeachtextseveraltimestomakesureyouunderstandhowtousenewwordsandexpressionsinthetext.(在学习过程中，每篇课文都要读几遍，以确保你理解了课文中生词和短语的用法)”可知，上文提到选择感兴趣的书籍或文章，本句说明原因：学习不应该是无聊的。故E选项“我们都知道，学习不应该是无聊的”符合语境，故选E。【39题详解】根据后文“Thefirsttime,lookforgeneralmistakesandthesecondtimelookformistakeswiththegrammarpointyouarestudyingatthemoment.(第24页/共24页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 第一次，查找一般性的错误，第二次查找与你正在学习的语法点有关的错误)”可知，后文提到了两次查找错误，即检查两次。故C选项“经常检查你的写作两次”符合语境，故选C。【40题详解】根据上文“Thebestwaytoimproveyourwritingistogetapenandpaperandwrite.Bepreparedtowriteseveralversionsofeachtext.(提高写作水平的最好方法就是拿笔和纸来写。每一篇文章都要准备好几个版本)”可知，上文提到了准备好几个版本，writeseveralversions(版本)ofeachtext和D选项中practicemakesperfect是关联词，故D选项“记住，熟能生巧！”符合语境，故选D。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onemorning,IwasjoggingandInoticedapersoninfrontofmeabout1/4mile.Icould____41____thathewasrunningalittleslowerthanmeandIthought,“Verywell,Ishalltryto____42____Ihadaboutamiletogo____43____Ineededtoturnoff,soIstartedrunningfasterandfaster.Everyblock,Iwas____44____gettingclosertohimjustalittlebit.Justafewminuteslater,Iwasonlyabout100yardsfromhim,soIreallyspedup,____45____IwasrunningthelastlapofLondonOlympiccompetition.Iwasdeterminedtokeepupwithhim.Finally,Idid____46____it!Icaughtandpassedhim.Ireallyfeltgood,“Ibeat.”Ofcourse,hedidn’teverknowwewere____47____.Afterpassinghim,IrealizedIhadbeensofocusedoncompetingagainsthimthatIhad____48____myturn.Ihadgonenearlysixblockspastit.Ihadto____49____andgoback.Isn’titwhathappensinourlifewhenwefocusoncompetingwithclassmates,co-workers,neighbors,friends,family,tryingtooutdo(胜过)themortryingtoprovethatwearemoreimportantormore_____50_____?Inreality,wespendourtimeand_____51_____runningafterotherpeopleandwemissoutonourownpathstoourgivendestinies(命运).The_____52_____withblindcompetitionisthatit’saneverendingcycle.Therewillalwaysbesomebody_____53_____you,someonewithbettergradesoramoresatisfyingjob,moreeducation,anicercar,moremoneyinthebank,etc.Butbe_____54_____thatwecanbethebestthatwecanbe.Wearecompetingwithnoone.Takewhatwehavebeen_____55_____theheight,weightandpersonality.Dresswellandwearitproudly.Weshouldfeelluckywiththemandstayfocusedandliveahappylife.41.A.forgetB.tellC.admitD.argue42.A.foolB.warnC.catchD.encourage43.A.beforeB.becauseC.onceD.although第24页/共24页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 44.A.secretlyB.finallyC.possiblyD.gradually45.A.ignoringB.doubtingC.imaginingD.announcing46.A.findB.rememberC.makeD.control47.A.restingB.racingC.standingD.singing48.A.tookB.changedC.valuedD.missed49.A.turnaroundB.turnonC.turnupD.turndown50.A.proudB.successfulC.adventurousD.helpful51.A.healthB.dreamC.wealthD.energy52.A.problemB.possibilityC.requirementD.influence53.A.nexttoB.aheadofC.closetoD.angrywith54.A.sorryB.afraidC.confidentD.curious55.A.givenB.spentC.takenD.used【答案】41.B42.C43.A44.D45.C46.C47.B48.D49.A50.B51.D52.A53.B54.C55.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在一天早上慢跑时，看到在他前面1/4英里的地方有一个人，就下定决心要在拐弯之前超越他，但是太过专注而错过了转弯的故事，最后作者得出结论：我们要有信心，我们可以做到最好，接受我们得到的一切，为它们感到幸运，保持专注，过健康的生活。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我可以看出来他跑得比我慢一点，我想，“很好，我会尽力赶上他的。”A.forget忘记；B.tell告诉，识别，知道；C.admit承认；D.argue争辩。结合空格后“hewasrunningalittleslowerthanme”可知，是作者看出来他跑得比自己慢一点。故选B。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我可以看出来他跑得比我慢一点，我想，“很好，我会尽力赶上他的。”A.fool愚弄；B.warn警告；C.catch赶上；D.encourage鼓励。根据后文“Icaughtandpassedhim.”可知，作者想要尽力赶上他。故选C。【43题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我还有大约一英里就要转弯了，所以我开始跑得越来越快。A.before在……之前；B.because因为；C.once一旦；D.although尽管。结合本句中“Ihadaboutamiletogo”和“Ineededtoturnoff,”可知，在作者转弯之前还有大约一英里。故选A。【44题详解】第24页/共24页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 考查副词词义辨析。句意：每过一个街区，我都会慢慢地靠近他一点点。A.secretly秘密地；B.finally最终；C.possibly可能地；D.gradually逐渐地。结合本句中的“gettingclosertohimjustalittlebit.”可知，是慢慢地（逐渐）靠近他。故选D。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，我离他只有100码远，所以我真的加快了速度，想象着我正在跑伦敦奥运会比赛的最后一圈。A.ignoring忽略；B.doubting怀疑；C.imagining想象；D.announcing宣布。结合本句中的“IwasrunningthelastlapofLondonOlympiccompetition.”可知，这是作者想象的内容。故选C。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我成功了！A.find找到；B.remember记住；C.make做，使成功；D.control控制。结合“Icaughtandpassedhim.”和短语makeit，意为“成功”，可知，作者成功追赶上他了。故选C。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，他不知道我们在比赛。A.resting休息；B.racing比赛；C.standing站立；D.singing唱歌。结合““Ibeathim.”Ofcourse,hedidn’teverknow”可推断，是他不知道我们在比赛。故选B。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在超过他之后，我意识到我太专注于与他竞争，以至于错过了转弯。A.took拿走；B.changed更改；C.valued重视；D.missed错过。结合上文“Ihadaboutamiletogo____3____Ineededtoturnoff”和“Ihadgonenearlysixblockspastit.”可知，作者错过了自己要拐弯的地方。故选D。【49题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我不得不转身回去。A.turnaround转身；B.turnon打开；C.turnup出现；D.turndown拒绝。结合上文“Ihadaboutamiletogo____3____Ineededtoturnoff”可知，因为错过了拐弯的地方，作者不得不转身回去。故选A。【50题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们专注于与同学、同事、邻居、朋友、家人竞争，试图超越他们，或试图证明我们更重要或更成功时，这不是我们生活中发生的事情吗？A.proud自豪的；B.successful成功的；C.adventurous冒险的；D.helpful有帮助的。结合or连接并列成分，和“moreimportant”的用“moresuccessful”更符合句意。故选B。【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我们花时间和精力去追逐别人，却错过了通往既定命运的道路。A.第24页/共24页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 health健康；B.dream梦想；C.wealth财富；D.energy精力。结合作者的经历和本句中的“wespendourtimeand”可知，是花费时间和精力去追逐别人。故选D。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不健康竞争的问题是，这是一个永无止境的循环。A.problem问题；B.possibility可能性；C.requirement要求；D.influence影响。结合“thatit’saneverendingcycle”可知，这是不健康竞争的问题。故选A。【53题详解】考查介词和形容词短语辨析。句意：总会有人在你前面，有更好的成绩或更满意的工作，更多的教育，更好的车，更多的钱在银行等等。A.nextto在……旁边；B.aheadof在……前面；C.closeto靠近；D.angrywith对……生气。结合“someonewithbettergradesoramoresatisfyingjob,moreeducation,anicercar,moremoneyinthebank,”可知，这里列举的都是别人超越你的东西，用aheadofyou“在你之前”符合题意。故选B。【54题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是要有信心，我们可以做到我们能做的最好。A.sorry内疚的；B.afraid害怕的；C.confident自信的；D.curious好奇的。结合“thatwecanbethebestthatwecanbe”可知，这里表示要有信心。故选C。【55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：接受我们得到的，身高，体重和个性。A.given给；B.spent花费；C.taken获取；D.used使用。结合句意和“theheight,weightandpersonality”可知，这里表示接受我们得到的（现在所拥有的），上文中的ourgivendestinies也是提示，故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Globalwarmingishavingabigimpactonsomeoftheworld’s____56____(animal),Scientistshavefoundthatpolarbearsarebecomingmuch____57____(small)becausetheydonotgetenoughtoeat.Apolarbearweighsonlytwo-thirdsofwhatitusedtoweigh30yearsago.Now____58____ishardforthemtohunttheirmainsourceoffood—seals.Inopenwater,polarbearscannotcatchthem.Theywaitontheice____59____sealstocomeupforair,andthengrabthem.AstheicesheetsintheArcticaremeltingawaybearscannotgettheirfoodso____60____(easy).Apolarbearneedsabout12,000caloriesadaytostay____61____(health)andevenmoretoputonthebodyfat____62____itneedsduringthewintermonths.Itisreportedthatpolarbearsarenowhuntingeachother____63____(survive).Twoyearsagoastudy____64____(predict)thatglobalwarmingwouldkilltwo-thirdsof第24页/共24页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 theworld’spolarbearsby2050.Butiftheicesheetskeep______65______(disappear)atthecurrentspeedtheArcticOceancouldbecompletelyice-freeinthenext20years.【答案】56.animals57.smaller58.it59.for60.easily61.healthy62.that##which63.tosurvive64.predicted65.disappearing【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了全球变暖对北极熊的影响。【56题详解】考查名词的数。句意：全球变暖对世界上的一些动物产生了很大的影响。科学家们发现，由于没有足够的食物，北极熊变得越来越小。someof后接可数名词的复数形式。故填animals。【57题详解】考查比较级。句意：全球变暖对世界上的一些动物产生了很大的影响。科学家们发现，由于没有足够的食物，北极熊变得越来越小。根据much和句意可知，这里用形容词的比较级形式。故填smaller。【58题详解】考查代词。句意：现在他们很难捕猎到主要的食物来源海豹。Itis+形容词+forsb.todosth.做某事对某人来说是……的。It为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式。故填it。【59题详解】考查介词。句意：它们在冰面上等待海豹浮出水面呼吸，然后抓住它们。waitfor等待。故填for。【60题详解】考查副词。句意：由于北极的冰原正在融化，熊不能轻易地获得食物。修饰动词get，用副词形式。故填easily。【61题详解】考查形容词。句意：北极熊每天需要大约12000卡路里的热量来保持健康，甚至需要更多的热量来增加冬季所需的身体脂肪。系动词stay后接形容词形式。故填healthy。【62题详解】考查定语从句。句意：北极熊每天需要大约12000第24页/共24页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 卡路里的热量来保持健康，甚至需要更多的热量来增加冬季所需的身体脂肪。句中先行词为thebodyfat，在定语从句中作宾语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填that/which。【63题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据报道，北极熊现在为了生存而互相捕猎。句中用不定式表示目的。故填tosurvive。【64题详解】考查时态。句意：两年前，一项研究预测，到2050年，全球变暖将导致全球三分之二的北极熊死亡。根据时间状语Twoyearsago可知，用一般过去时。故填predicted。【65题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：但如果冰原继续以目前的速度消失，北冰洋可能在未来20年内完全无冰。keepdoingsth继续做某事。故填disappearing。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)66.你校英语角将举办关于如何维持友谊的讨论会，请你用英语写一篇发言稿。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Dearfellowstudents,I’mhonoredtohavethechancetomakeaspeech.Frommypointofview,thefollowingmaybehelpfultomaintainfriendship.Tobeginwith,weshouldbehonestwithourfriends.Lieswillsurelymakethemstayfarawayfromus.Second,weshouldbecomegoodlistenersaswellsothatwecanhaveagoodunderstandingofourfriends.Third,weoughttobesupportivewheneverourfriendsareintrouble,forafriendinneedisafriendindeed.That’sall.Thankyouforyourlistening.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生就校英语角将举办的关于如何维持友谊的讨论会写一篇发言稿。第24页/共24页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 详解】1.词汇积累机会：chance→opportunity观点：pointofview→perspective有用的、有帮助的：helpful→useful必定：surely→definitely2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：Tobeginwith,weshouldbehonestwithourfriends.Lieswillsurelymakethemstayfarawayfromus.拓展句：Tobeginwith,weshouldbehonestwithourfriendsbecauselieswillsurelymakethemstayfarawayfromus.【点睛】【高分句型1】Second,weshouldbecomegoodlistenersaswellsothatwecanhaveagoodunderstandingofourfriends.（运用了sothat引导的目的状语从句）【高分句型2】Third,weoughttobesupportivewheneverourfriendsareintrouble,forafriendinneedisafriendindeed.（运用了whenever引导让步状语从句）第二节(满分25分)67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Oneafternoonafterschool,Maryandherbrother,Keith,wereeatingatacafeneartheirhome.Thatafternoon,theyhadtosharetheirtablewithanotherperson.Thatpersonwasayoungladyinhertwenties.Aftereating,shewenttotherestroom.Withoutrealizing,shehadleftherhandphoneonthetable.Fiveminuteslater,shecameoutandwalkedoutofthecafewithoutlookingback.Marysawthehandphoneonthetable.ShequicklytoldKeith,“Keith,thegirlleftbehindherhandphone.”Keithlookedatthehandphone.Ittookhisbreathaway.Itwasoneofthelatestmodelsonthemarket.Keithhadalwayswantedahandphone.Buthisparentshadtoldhim,“Youdon’tneedone.Youcanalwaysusethehousephone.”Hestaredatitforsomeminutes.Thenhesaidslowly,pausingoneveryword,“Iwanttotakethehandphone.”Marycouldnotbelieveherears.Shemerelystaredatherbrother.“Youcan’t!Whatiftheownercomestolookforit?”Havingmadethedecision,Keithquicklygrabbedthehandphoneandputitinhisschoolbag.Then,hetookMary’shandandledheroutofthecafequickly.Oncebackhome,Keithlockedhishousedoorwithtremblinghands.Insidehisroom,hetookoutthepieceofbeauty.Oh,helikeditsomuch.Nowhehadhisownhandphone.Soon,hewaspolishingithappily.第24页/共24页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ButMarytoldhim,“Keith,youcannotkeepthehandphone.WhatwillyoutellFatheraboutthis?Hewillaskyouhowyougotthehandphone.”Keithsaidquickly,“Iwillsayafriendlentittome.”Marysaid,“Nowyouarelyingtoo.”Ohdear!WhenhadKeithturnedsodishonest?ThenMarysawahousephonenumberontheplasticcoverofthehandphone.“Thisisthegirl’sphonenumber.Whydon’twejustcallthisnumber?Wewilltalktoherandaskhertocomeandtakebackherhandphone.”Shewastryingtotalksomesenseintohim.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Thatnight,Keithturnedoverinbedfromtimetotime._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Marywasveryhappytohearthat._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Thatnight,Keithturnedoverinbedfromtimetotime.Hehaddifficultysleeping,uncertainaboutwhatheshoulddo.Ofcourse,helikedthenewhandphone.However,hewasfeelingsorryfortheowner.Whenhethoughthowsadtheyoungladywouldbeatthelossofherhandphone,hewasfullofguiltandshame.Thenextmorning,afteralongandrestlessnight,hewasdeterminedtoreturnthehandphonetotheowner.Afterschool,hetoldMary,“Iamgoingtophonetheowner.”Marywasveryhappytohearthat.Backhome,theyphonedtheowner’shousephone.Agirlansweredthephone.Kevinasked,“Areyoutheownerofthehandphone?I’mKeith.Ihaveyourhandphone.Canyoucomeandgetit?”Thegirlreplied‘Yes’excitedly,expressinghergratituderepeatedly.Tenminuteslater,shewasatthesamecafetomeetKeith.Handingbackthehandphonetoherandseeinghersmilehappily,Keithrealizedthathonestywasindeedthebestpolicy.【解析】【导语】第24页/共24页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 本文以玛丽和她的弟弟基思捡到一部手机为线索展开，讲述了玛丽和她她的弟弟在咖啡馆吃饭时，无意中捡到了一个女孩落在桌上的手机。基思非常喜欢这部最新型号的手机，尽管玛丽阻止，他还是把手机带回家了。玛丽发现手机塑料盖上有一个电话号码，她劝说基思打这个电话联系女孩。基思经过思想斗争，意识到诚实才是最重要的，终于打了那个电话，他们相约在那个餐馆见面，把手机还给那个女孩。【详解】1.段落续写①由第一段首句内容“那天晚上，基思不时在床上翻身。”可知，第一段可描写基思经过思想斗争，意识到自己把别人的手机据为己有是不正确的行为，决定给女孩打电话。②由第二段首句内容“玛丽听到这个消息很高兴。”可知，第二段可描写玛丽听说基思归还手机非常高兴，他们通过电话联系女孩，约在了同一家咖啡馆见面，归还了手机。2.续写线索：基思经过思想斗争——打电话给女孩——相约在咖啡馆——归还手机——感悟到诚实才是最好的策略3.词汇激活行为类①犹豫不决：uncertain/hesitate②充满：befullof/befilledwith③决心做某事：bedeterminedtodo/decidetodo情绪类①羞耻：shame/abashment②高兴地：happily/delightedly【点睛】[高分句型1]Hehaddifficultysleeping,uncertainaboutwhatheshoulddo.(运用了连接代词what引导的宾语从句)[高分句型2]Handingbackthehandphonetoherandseeinghersmilehappily,Keithrealizedthathonestywasindeedthebestpolicy.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)第24页/共24页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 第24页/共24页学科网（北京）股份有限公司