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高三英语 动词归类复习
动词：是表示动作或状态的词二．动词的分类动词分为五种：及物动词，不及物动词，连系动词，助动词和情态动词１．及物动词：如：那条狗使这个孩子高兴起来．Thatdogmakestheboyhappy.2.不及物动词：是指后面不需要宾语而意义完整的动词．如：我住在北京．IliveinBeijing.
主要常用不及物的动词"主＋谓"结构。 agreedisagreegraduateappearbelongdependhappenoccurremainexist
及物动词后面必须跟宾语,可以用于："主＋谓＋宾"；"主＋谓＋双宾"主＋谓＋宾＋宾补"结构.
一、连系动词二、使役、感官动词三、主动表被动四、只接动名词做宾语的词、词组五、只接不定式作宾语的词、词组六、接动名词、不定式意义不同七、不带不定式作复合宾语八、宾语不同、语态不同、但意义相同九、接宾语和宾补、形式不同十、接虚拟语气的词十一、表计划、愿望未能实现的动词十二、瞬间非延续性动词十三、情感动词类十四、否定前移类十五、省略替代类
一、连系动词类①变化类:典例：gofall1.Oneofhischildren_________.(病了）2.He__________(睡着了)whilestudyinghisgrammarbook.become,get,turn,grow,make,come,go,fallbad/hungry/mad/wrong/deaf/blind(fell-fallen)fellill/feelsickfellasleep
②感官类:1.Dellastoodthere,looking_______(sadsadly)atherselfinthemirror.2.Dellalookedvery______,forherpetdogdiedlastnight.3.Theflowers___sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt4._______(taste)sodelicious,thefoodinthismarketwassoldoutsoon.sadlysadlook,sound,feel,taste,smellTasting
Conclusion:1.连系动词后面跟形容词作表语。2.连系动词无被动语态。
③“显得”类:④状态类:1.Theweatherwill_____hotforanothertwoweeks.A.lastB.remainC.getD.turn2.Thehotweatherwill_____anothertwodays.seem,appear,lookkeep,stay,remain,lie,sit,standprove/turnoutItlooksasif…Itseemsasif/that…Itappearsthat…last
★prove,turnout1.Wehadthoughttheexaminationwouldbedifficult,butit_____easy.A.turnedB.cameC.appearedD.proved2.Theactresswhohadbeenthoughthighlyof____(tobe)agreatdisappointment.A.turnedoutB.seemedC.lookedD.became
注be,become,turn,remain,make可带名词Heremainsateacher.=Heisstillateacher.1.Hebecame_____teacher.A.aB.theC.anD./2.Heturned_______teacher.A.aB.theC.anD./3.IthinkJohnwill____agoodmonitor,soI’dliketovoteforhim.A.turnB.changeC.electD.make
二、使役、感官动词类see,lookat,watch,notice,observelet,make,have；hear,listento,feel1.Thebossmadethem_____12hoursaday.A.workB.toworkC.workedD.working2.Theyweremade_______12hoursaday.A.workB.toworkC.workedD.working(吾看三室两厅一感觉)
Mydaughteroftenmakesascheduletogetherself_____ofwhatsheistodointheday.A.remindB.toremindC.remindedD.reminding2.Ican’tseemyoldgrandma________aloneinthecountry,soI’llhaveher___withmeinthecity.A.leave,stayB.left,stayC.leaving,tostayD.left,tostay3.Whenwesawthesun____abovethesurfaceofthesea,thestudentsletoutacryofjoy.A.toraiseB.toriseC.raisingD.rising
see,lookat,watch,notice,observehaveget;hear,listento;feel+宾语+doing/done,※make不带doing作宾语补足语;※letsbdosth.此外：find,leave,keep+宾语+doingdone;catch+宾语+doing
Theboywascaught____inanexaminationandhadtofacethemusic.A.tocheatB.cheatingC.cheatD.cheatedMrsSmithfoundherhusband____bylettersandpapersand_____veryworried.A.surrounded,lookB.surrounded,lookingC.surrounding,lookingD.surrounding,look3.Alltheteachersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee____inthenextschoolyear.A.carryoutB.carriedoutC.tocarryoutD.becarryingout
1.Thecatistheonlyoneofherpetsshewillhave______onherbed.A.itsleepB.itsleepingC.sleptD.sleeping2.TheTVsethe____workswellnow.A.hasrepairingB.havingrepairedC.hasbeenrepairedD.hashadrepaired3.Whowouldyourather____chargeofthisjob,GeorgeorJack?A.havetotakeB.tohavetakeC.havetakeD.havetaken
Conclusion:1.感官动词see,lookat,watch,notice,observe,hear,listento,feel等，常考查:例如：seesbsthdoseesbsthdoingseesbsthdonebeseentodobeseendoingbeseendone
2.使役动词make,let,have,get等常考查:makesbsthdosthmakeoneselfdoneletsbdosthhavesbsthdohavesbsthdoinghavesbsthdone3.绿色通道：这类动词经常在定语从句中设疑bemadetodobemadedonegetsbsthtodogetsbsthdoinggetsbsthdone考查
三、主动表被动类sell,wash,burn,cook,cut,drive,dress,play,last,open,write,start,run,read,act,draw,clean,wear,lock,shut,dry,eat,drink,burn+adv.(well,poorly,easily,smoothly,badly)Drywood_______________(容易燃烧）Thecloth_____________(好洗）.3.Yourcomposition___________(读起来很好）exceptforafewspellingmistakes.（主语的特点、性质、状态）burnseasilywasheswellreadswell
1.--Haveyougotaticketfortheconcert?--No,thetickets______wellandthey_______outlastweek.A.sell;weresoldB.sell;soldC.sell;havebeensoldD.aresell;sold2.Itissaidthatthepen____,soIboughtoneyesterday.A.writeswellB.writesgoodC.iswellwrittenD.isgoodwritten
四、只接动名词做宾语的词/词组consider,suggestadvise,lookforwardto,excusepardonadmit,delayputoffpostpone,fancyavoid,miss,keepkeepon,practisepractice,deny,finish,enjoyappreciate,forbid,imagine,risk,can’thelp,mind,allowpermit,escape考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。
getdowntodevote…toleadtobegetecomeusedtopayattentiontogobacktoobjectto“to”用作介词
giveup,dislike,feellike,insiston,can’tstand,understandsucceedin,spend/wastetime(in),bebusy(in),haveagood/hardtime(in),havedifficulty/trouble(in)Itisnousegood,itisoflittleusegood,itisuselessbeworth=deserve,beworthyofbeingdone,beworthytobedone
1.Shelookedforwardeveryspringto_____theflower-linedgarden.A.visitB.payingavisitC.walkinD.walkingin2.Iwouldappreciate______backthisafternoon.A.youtocallB.youcallC.yourcallingD.you’recalling3.Thedayhehaslookedforwardto______atlast.A.comingB.cameC.comeD.comes
五、只接不定式作宾语的词/词组decidedetermine,learn,want,expecthopewish,refuse,manage,care,pretend,offer,promise,choose,planagree,askeg,helpseem,attempt,fail,happen,afford,strivemakeupone’smindto,bedeterminedtowouldlike/loveto=shouldlike/loveto决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。
Iwouldlove______tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone2.Shepretended_______mewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeB.notseeingC.tonotseeD.havingnotseen
六、接动名词、不定式意义不同1)forgettodo/forgetdoing2)regrettodo/regretdoing3)remembertodo/rememberdoing4)goontodo/goondoing5)meantodo/meandoing6)stoptodo/stopdoing7)trytodo/trydoing8)can’thelp(to)do/can’thelpdoing
★can’thelpbutdo=can’tbutdo=can’tchoosebutdo=donothinghavenothingtodobutdo=havenochoicebuttodo=havetodoIcan’thelpbuttellhimthetruth.1.--Iusuallygotherebytrain.--Whynot______byboatforachange?A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing2.--Thelightintheofficeisstillon.--Oh,Iforgot_______.A.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoff
3.Hedidn’tremember______himbefore.A.havingmetB.havemetC.tomeetD.tohavingmet4.Goon______theotherexerciseafteryouhavefinishedthisone.A.todoB.doingC.tobedoingD.tobedone5.--Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting.--Well,nowIregret_______that.A.todoB.tobedoingC.tohavedoneD.havingdone
八、宾语不同、语态不同、但意义相同need,require,wantTheroomrequires_______________.(打扫一下）=Theroomrequires__________.1.Thissentenceneeds_________.A.animprovementB.improveC.improvingD.improved2.Thebabyneeds________.A.lookedafterB.lookingafterC.lookafterD.tolookaftertobecleanedcleaning
七、不带不定式作复合宾语hope,agree,suggest,demand,imagine,1.I______________(希望)himtocome.=I______________________.2.霍金教授建议我们搬迁到其它的星球上去。wishexpecthopethathewillcomePro.Hawkingsuggestsusourmovingtootherstars.Pro.Hawkingsuggestswe(should)movetootherstars.Pro.Hawkingadvisesustomovetootherstars.Pro.Hawkingsuggeststoustomove….
九、接宾语和宾补、形式不同allow,permit,forbid,advise,consider我们禁止在此吸烟。我们禁止任何人在此吸烟。Weforbidsmokinghere.Weforbidanybodytosmokehere.Anybodyisforbiddentosmokehere.
1.Weareconsidering_______tothesouth.A.goB.togoC.goingD.gone2.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered_______thefirstcomputer.A.tohaveinventedB.inventingC.toinventD.havinginvented
十、接虚拟语气的词1)insist2)order,command4)advise,suggest,propose,recommend4)demand,ask,require,request一坚持、二命令、四建议、四要求Heorderedthatwe_____________(leave)atonce.Hisorderthatwe____________atoncewasright.Theorderwasthatwe____________atonce.Thatwe___________atoncewashisorder.(should)leave(should)leave(should)leave(should)leave
1.Heinsistedthathisbrother_____there.A.goB.wentC.goingD.togo2.Heinsistedthathe______nothingwrongand______setfree.A.do;beB.haddone;wasC.haddone;beD.did;was3.Hisvoicesuggestedthathe______angry.A.isB.beC.wasD.were4.Hesuggestedthattheboy_____tohospitalatonce.A.wassentB.sendC.sentD.besent
十一、表计划、愿望未能实现的动词intend,mean,hope,plan,expect,think,want,suppose,promiseI____________(本希望)comehere,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.=Ihopedtohavecomehere,….★Would/should+love/liketohavedone★wasweretohavedone★Wouldhavedone,but…★wasweregoingtodohadhopedto
Hewantstomeetyouattheairport.Hewantedtohavemetyouattheairport,buthedidn’tgetthereintime.我本想把这份礼物给他的。Ishould(would)like(love)togiveherthegift.Ishould(would)like(love)tohavegivenherthegift.Iwastohavegivenherthegift.Iwouldhavegivenherthegift.Iwasgoingtogiveherthegift.Ihadplannedtogiveherthegift.Ihadintendedtogiveherthegift.Ihadmeanttogiveherthegift.
十二、瞬间非延续性动词go,come,leave,start,return,arrive,stop,finish,borrow,lend,open,close,die,become,break,join,kill,marry,graduate,buymarry--bemarriedseat--beseatedhide--behiddenengage--beengageddie--bedeadbegin--beonjoin--beinborrow--keepcome--be/stayleave--beawaybuy--have=havegot
1.Hediedtenyearsago,that’stosay,hehas_____fortenyears.A.beendiedB.beendeadC.diedD.beendying2.WhenJackarrived,helearnedMary____foralmostanhour.A.hadgoneB.hadsetoffC.hadleftD.hadbeenaway
HeisleavingforBeijingtomorrow.Theboyissosickthatheisdyingfast.Thebusiscoming.Thetrainisleaving.Iamgoing.
十三、情感动词类encourage,excite,inspire,interest,amaze,satisfy,delight,please,move,frighten,surprise,astonish,shock,disappoint,discourage,puzzle,worry,tire,touch,relax表示人的内在感受的动词
1.Thenewssounds__________.(encourage)2.Theplaywasso___________thatnearlyeverybodywas_________totears.(move)3.Lookingatherpaper,shenoddedwitha___________smileonherface.(satisfy)4.Helookedatmewitha__________look.(puzzle)encouragingmovingmovedsatisfiedpuzzled
十四、否定前移类1.Idon’tthinkhecanfinishthework,____?A.can’theB.canheC.doID.don’tI2.MrsBlackdoesn’tbelievehersonisabletodesignadigitalcamera,______?A.doessheB.doesn’tsheC.doweD.don’twe3.Youdon’tthinkhecanfinishit,______?A.doyouB.don’tyouC.canheD.can’thethink,believe,suppose,imagine,expect,guess
十五、省略替代类1）believe,think,suppose,expect,guessIthinkso.Ithinknot=Idon’tthinkso2)hope,fear,beafraid+so/not3)intend,want,plan,wish,like,love,hate,hope,try,would(should)like/loveto
1.Doyouwanttohavearest?Yes,Iwantto,butIcan’t.2.Didyougetthenewstamps?No,Itriedto,buttherewasn’tanyleftinthatpostoffice.3.Ididn’tmeantocallyouatlatenight,butIhadtoasIdidhavesomethingimportanttotellyou.
