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第三部分写作技能培优第七课时 如何写好状语
1一、单个词作状语1．形容词作状语Hungry，theywalkedintoarestaurant.(表示原因)由于饥饿，他们走进了一家餐馆。句式升级：形容词短语作状语可以让句子由复合句变成高级的简单句。IwastiredandgotoutofbreathwhenIreachedthetopofthemountain.→Tiredandoutofbreath，Ireachedthetopofthemountain.
22．副词作状语副词作状语时，通常是表示时间、地点、频度、程度、方式等。多个状语连用时，一般先单词、后短语，先地点、后时间，先小概念、后大概念。Hewentoutoftheroomataquarterto23∶00lastnightandthendisappearedintothedark.他昨夜22点45分从房间里出来，然后消失在黑夜之中。
3句式升级：评注性状语更简练。Itisimportantthatmanypeopleinourcityhavecometorealizetheimportanceofhelpingthedisabled.→Moreimportantly，manypeopleinourcityhavecometorealizetheimportanceofhelpingthedisabled.
4二、短语作状语1．不定式短语作状语在句中只充当目的、原因、结果状语，它的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。Infaceofthedisaster，peopleunitedtofightagainstthefloods，makingeveryefforttogethertorescuethetrappedpeople.在灾难面前，人们团结起来，与洪水斗争，齐心协力营救被困群众。
5[练一练]听到枪声，他迅速跑到楼下，结果发现她躺在地板上，失去了知觉。Onhearingtheshot，herusheddownstairs，_______________lyingunconsciousonthefloor.onlytofindher
62．现在分词和过去分词短语作状语在句中一般作原因、时间、方式、伴随、结果、让步或条件等状语，相当于相应的状语从句。Locatedinthewestofthecity，itgivesavividpictureoftheprocessofhowpaperismadeduringSongandMingdynasties.它在城西，生动描绘了宋明时期的造纸流程。(2013·高考陕西卷·书面表达)Feelingquitesorryforthat，Ibegintothinkaboutwhattodotohelp.对此事我感到非常抱歉，我开始考虑做什么有所帮助。
7[练一练]她学习很努力，在下面的考试中一定会名列前茅。_____________________________________________________【温馨提示】现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。听了这个消息，她的眼泪都流出来了。①Hearingthenews，tearscametohereyes.(×)②Hearingthenews，sheburstintotears.(√)③Whensheheardthenews，tearscametohereyes.(√)Workinghard，sheisboundtorankfirstinthecomingexam.
83．介词短语作状语Byspeakingmore，writingmore，andreadingmore，youcanimproveyourEnglishbeforeyouknowthem.通过多说、多写、多读，你会在不知不觉中提高英语。
9三、从句作状语——状语从句在复合句中起状语作用的从句叫状语从句。状语从句按其意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、比较、方式、让步等种类。(2013·高考湖南卷·书面表达)ButyoucanimaginenomatterhowmuchItried，Icouldn’tcatchupwithDad.但是你可以设想到，无论我多么努力，我也赶不上父亲。Ihopeyouwillmakeeffortstoovercomeallkindsofdifficulties，nomatterhowharditis.我希望你能努力克服各种困难别管它们多么艰难。常用句型一：Nomatterwhat/which/who/where/when/whose＋从句，＋主句
10常用句型二：形容词/副词/名词＋as/though＋主语＋谓语，＋主句Youngasheis，heknowsalot.虽然他很小，但他知道得很多。常用句型三：When/As/Solongas/Aslongas/Once＋从句，＋主句(2013·高考江西卷·书面表达)Whensomefellbehind，otherswouldcomeandofferhelp.当一些人被落下时，其他人过来主动帮助。(2012·高考四川卷·书面表达)Astheworldisbecomingaglobalvillage，Englishisgettingmoreandmoreimportant，somasteringEnglishmeanswecanseetheworldthroughanewwindow.随着世界逐步变成地球村，英语变得越来越重要，因此掌握英语就意味着通过一个新的窗口看世界。
11常用句型四：主句＋onconditionthat＋从句Iwillgowithyouonconditionthatyougivemeasumofmoney.我和你一起去的条件是你给我一些钱。句式升级：恰当地运用高级连词可以提高句子的档次。Youcanusemycarifyoureturnontime.→Youcanusemycaronconditionthat/aslongasyoureturnontime.
12Bythetimeyoucameback，Ihadfinishedreadingthisbook.到你回来时，我已经读完了这本书。[练一练]①(2012·高考福建卷·书面表达)我正在欣赏周围的美景时，某种不愉快的事吸引了我的眼球。_________________________________________________________________________________________________________②(2012·高考湖北卷·短文写作)尽管对简陋的校园和配备不好的教室感到失望，但我发现老师们都很耐心和体贴。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________常用句型五：Bythetime＋从句，＋主句(注意时态的变化WhenIwasenjoyingthefantasticsceneryaround，somethingunpleasantcaughtmyeye.DisappointedasIfeltattheshabbycampusandthepoorlyequippedclassroom，Ifoundtheteacherspatientandconsiderate.
13Ⅰ.基础巩固(根据汉语意思完成句子)1．(2012·高考安徽卷·书面表达)父母希望我在大学学习科学,因为他们认为作为理科学生的我会有更好的未来。(because)Myparentswishmetostudyscienceatcollege________________________Iwillhaveabrighterfutureasasciencestudent.2．如果你快点，就能按时参加聚会。____________________，youwillarriveatthepartyontime.becausetheybelieveIfyouhurryup
143．尽管他很年轻，但是他能做好。_____________________________________，hecandoitwell.4．沿着这条街走，直到你到达尽头为止。Goalongthisstreet________youreachtheend.5．风是如此猛烈，以至于我们寸步难行。Thewindwas____________wecouldhardlymoveforward.Thoughheisyoung/Youngas(though)heisuntilsostrongthat
15Ⅱ.能力提升1．按要求翻译句子(1)今天我们在课堂上就琥珀屋是否该归还给俄国进行了一次辩论会。(介词短语作状语)_________________________________________________________________________________________________________(2)有些学生认为它应该立即归还俄国。(副词作状语)_________________________________________________________________________________________________________AdebateaboutwhethertheAmberRoomshouldbereturnedtoRussiawasheldinourclasstoday.SomestudentsbelievethatitshouldbereturnedtoRussiaimmediately.
16(3)因为普鲁士国王把它送给了彼得大帝,因此它属于俄国人。(because引导原因状语从句)_________________________________________________________________________________________________________(4)作为琥珀屋的故乡,德国有权利拥有它。(现在分词作状语)_________________________________________________________________________________________________________(5)在我看来，俄国应该是它的归属地，因为它是被普鲁士当作礼物送给俄国的。(asfaras和because引导状语从句)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________BecausetheKingofPrussiagaveittoPeterGreat，itbelongstotheRussianpeople.BeingthehomeoftheAmberRoom，Germanyhastherighttokeepit.AsfarasI’mconcerned，RussiaistheveryplaceitshouldgotobecauseRussiagotitasagiftfromPrussia.
172．选用以上句子组建短文介绍关于琥珀屋是否应该归还俄国的辩论__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Onepossibleversion：AdebateaboutwhethertheAmberRoomshouldbereturnedtoRussiawasheldinourclasstoday.BecausetheKingofPrussiagaveittoPeterGreat，itbelongstotheRussianpeople.SosomestudentsbelievethatitshouldbereturnedtoRussiaimmediately.Buttheotherstudentshavetheoppositeview.TheybelievethatbeingthehomeoftheAmberRoom，Germanyhastherighttokeepit.AsfarasI’mconcerned，RussiaistheveryplaceitshouldgotobecauseRussiagotitasagiftfromPrussia.
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