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1Unit1Womenofachievement必修四第一部分 基础知识聚焦
2基础知识梳理2考点探究演练3单元语法4基础知识巩固6课时作业7话题作文晨诵1高考真题对接5
3话题作文晨诵
41.activeadj.积极的,活跃的2.confidentadj.有信心的,自信的3.determinedadj.坚决的,有决心的4.diligentadj.勤奋的5.energeticadj.精力充沛的6.generousadj.慷慨的,大方的7.achievevi.实现,完成,达到8.succeedvi.成功
59.gainvt.获得10.beabsorbedin全神贯注于11.devoteoneself/one'slifeto献身于,专心于12.beenthusiasticabout对……热心13.makegreatcontributionsto对……做出巨大贡献
6根据下面提示,介绍世界杰出女性之一——海伦·凯勒。1.海伦1880年6月出生于美国。19个月大时,因生病而双目失明,双耳失聪。2.7岁时,她的父母给她找了位老师——MsSullivan。MsSullivan在教海伦的过程中遇到很多困难。通过MsSullivan灵活的技巧和耐心的教导,以及海伦坚强的意志和智慧,海伦最终克服了所有的困难,并取得了成功。3.海伦致力于盲聋儿童的社会工作,著有多本书籍,其中以Thestoryofmylife最为有名。
7[总论]HelenKellerisoneofthegreatestwomenintheworld.[艰难过程]ShewasborninAmericainJune,1880.Whenshewasnineteenmonthsshenotonlybecameblindbutalsodeafbecauseofaseriousillness.Herparentsdidn'tloseheart.Whenshewasseven,herparentsfoundateacher,MsSullivan,forher.①MsSullivanhadalotofdifficultiesinteachingHelen,butwithHelen'sstrongwillcombinedwithMsSullivan'steachingskillsandpatience,theyovercameallthedifficultiesandHelenbecameanablestudentandgraduatedfromcollege.
8[成就]②Lateron,shedevotedallherselftohelpingtheblindanddeafchildren.Shewrotebooksthatinspiredmillionsofpeopleintheworldtoachievetheirgoals.TheStoryofMyLifeisaremarkableoneamongherbooks.
9Ⅰ.一句多译她毕生献身于医疗事业,受到了人们的尊敬。1.Shedevotedallherlifetomedicalworkandwasrespectedbypeople.2.Devotingallherlifetomedicalwork,shegainedrespectfrompeople.3.Devotedtomedicalwork,shewonpeople'srespect.
10Ⅱ.句型转换1.使用强调句型对句①画线部分进行强调。MsSullivanhadalotofdifficultiesinteachingHelen,butitwaswithHelen'sstrongwillandintelligence,combinedwithMsSullivan'steachingskillsandpatiencethattheyovercameallthedifficulties.2.用spend的用法改造句②。Lateron,shespentallherlifehelpingtheblindanddeafchildren.
11基础知识梳理
12Ⅰ.单词速记A.识记单词1.________(n.)运动;战役(vi.)作战;参加运动2.________(n.)荫;阴凉处(vt.)遮住光线3.___________(adj.)值得的;值得做的4.________(vt.&n.)尊敬,尊重,敬意5.________(n.)人群;观众(vt.)挤满;使拥挤6.________(n.&vt.)支持;拥护campaignshadeworthwhilerespectcrowdsupport
13B.联想串记7.________(v.)举动,(举止或行为)表现→________(n.)行为,举止,习性8.________(vt.)观察,观测,遵守→___________(n.)观察,观测9.________(v.)讨论,辩论,争论→________(n.)争论,争辩,争吵10.________(vt.)鼓舞,激发,启示→________(adj.)受到鼓舞的,有灵感的→________(adj.)鼓舞人心的→________(n.)鼓舞,灵感behavebehaviourobserveobservationargueargumentinspireinspiredinspiringinspiration
1411.________(vi.)提到,针对,关系到(vt.&vi.)参考,查阅→________(n.)提及,涉及;参考,查阅12.________(vt.)计划,打算→________(n.)打算,目的,意图13.__________(adj.)考虑周到的→________(v.)考虑,认为→____________(n.)考虑,体谅→__________(prep.)考虑到14.________(vt.)递送,生(小孩儿),接生,发表(演说等)→________(n.)投递,交货,分娩referreferenceintendintentionconsiderateconsiderconsiderationconsideringdeliverdelivery
15Ⅱ.短语互译1.离开,启程,出发__________________2.(想法、问题等)涌上心头,涌入脑海_______________3.碰巧,凑巧__________________4.(偶然)遇见,碰见__________________5.继续,坚持__________________6.devote...to__________________7.lookdownon/upon__________________8.leada...life__________________9.referto__________________10.fightfor__________________moveoffcrowdinbychance/accidentcomeacrosscarryon把……奉献给蔑视,瞧不起过着……的生活查阅,参考,谈到为……而战
16Ⅲ.典句析练1.“only+状语”置于句首的倒装句Onlyafterhermothercametohelpherforthefirstfewmonths____________________(使她得以开始自己的计划).【仿写】只有在战争爆发后,人们才意识到和平的重要性。Onlyafterthewarbrokeout_________________.
172.it作形式主语的主语从句Suddenly________________(我忽然想起)howdifficultitwasforawomantogetmedicaltrainingatthattime.【仿写】我突然想起我应该向老师求助。____________________Ishouldturntomyteacherforhelp.
183.强调句(Itis...that...)Furtherreadingmademerealizethat_________________(是苦干和决心以及她温和的天性)gotherintomedicalschool.【仿写】正是在2013年6月26日“神舟”十号安全着陆。______________theShenzhouⅩspacecraftlandedsafely.答案:1.wassheallowedtobeginherproject;didpeoplerealizetheimportanceofpeace2.ithitme;Ithitmethat3.itwashardworkanddeterminationaswellashergentlenaturethat;ItwasonJune26,2013that
19Ⅳ.课文缩写语法填空JaneGoodallwasborninLondon,England,onApril3,1934.Since__1__(child),shewasattractedbyanimalsandanimalstories.In1957,the26yearoldGoodallwenttoKenyatoworkasasecretary.Shealsoarrangedtomeetthefamous__2__(special)LouisLeakey,whohiredherashisassistant.Shewentwithhimonmanytrips__3__theAfricanjungleandin1960,LeakeysentGoodall__4__(observe)chimpanzeesinaremoteanimalpreserve,recordingtheanimals'__5__(behave).
20ForthreemonthsGoodalldidn'tmakeany__6__(achieve).Herbreakthroughcameoneday__7__shesawamalechimpanzeestickapieceofgrassintoatermite(白蚁)hill,thenputthegrassinhismouth.The__8__(discover)—thatsomeanimalsusetools—wasunknowntomostscientistsatthetime.Goodallsawchimpanzeesshowemotionslike__9__(human),suchasjealousyandlove.GoodallreceivedherPh.D.inthestudyofanimalsatEngland'sCambridgeUniversity.Nowshetravelsaroundtheworld__10__(raise)moneytopreservewildlife.
21答案:1.childhood2.specialist3.to4.toobserve5.behavior6.achievements7.when8.discovery9.humans10.raising
22考点探究演练
231.behavevt.&vi.举动;(举止或行为)表现[教材原句]Janehasstudiedthesefamiliesofchimpsformanyyearsandhelpedpeopleunderstandhowmuchtheybehavelikehumans.(P2)简研究这些黑猩猩已经很多年了,她帮助人们了解它们的行为跟人类的是多么的相似。必会behaveoneself举止规矩些behavewell/badly举止良好/糟糕Dobehave!规矩些!拓展wellbehaved表现好的badlybehaved表现差的behaviourn.举止;行为;习性
24①Weliveinaglobalvillage,butthisdoesn'tmeanthatweallbehaveinthesameway.我们生活在一个地球村,但这并不意味着我们都按相同的方式做事。②Theteachertoldthechildrento________________.老师叫孩子们规矩一点。③Her________________Mr.Rushworthwascarelessandcold.她对Mr.Rushworth的态度漫不经心,很冷淡。答案:②behavethemselves③behaviourto/towards
252.observevt.观察;观测;遵守;庆祝[教材原句]Shespentyearsobservingandrecordingtheirdailyactivities.(P2)她花了多年的时间来观察并记录它们的日常活动。[巧学助记]
26必会(1)observesb.dosth.观察某人做某事(全过程)observesb.doingsth.观察某人正在做某事observethat...发现,观察……(2)observethespeedlimit/localcustoms遵守时速限制规定/当地的风俗(3)observeChristmasDay庆祝圣诞节(4)observationn.观察;观察力;观测underobservation在监视下
27①Thepolice________theman________thebank.警方监视了那名男子进入银行的情况。②Thewoman________________________himclosely.有人看到那名女子紧跟着他。③Wecannotalways________________________handeddowntousfromthepast.我们不能永远遵守过去传下来的传统。④Thestaffinthezookeptthebabypandaunder_observation.动物园的职员监视着那只熊猫宝宝。答案:①observed;enter②wasobservedtofollow③observethetraditions
283.respectvt.&n.尊敬;尊重;敬重①I________her________herhonesty.由于她的诚实,我敬重她。必会(1)respectsb./sth.forsth.因某事尊敬或敬重某人/某物(2)show/haverespectfor对……表示尊敬/尊重inrespectof/withrespectto关于;就……而言in...respect在……方面give/sendone'srespectsto...代某人向……问候
29②Studentsshouldtheirteachers.学生们应该尊敬老师。③Inthisrespect,newtechnologieshaveshapedourculture.从这方面看,新技术塑造了我们的文化。④Inrespectof/Withrespecttothisquestion,therearethreeopinions.关于这个问题,有三种意见。答案:①respect;for②showrespectfor
304.arguevt.&vi.讨论;辩论;争论①Thechildrenarearguing________theirparents________wheretospendtheirholiday.孩子们正在与父母争论到哪里度假的问题。必会(1)arguewithsb.about/over/onsth.与某人争论某事arguesb.into/outofdoingsth.说服某人做/不做某事arguefor(against)辩论支持(反对)……arguethat...主张……;认为……(2)argumentn.争论;争辩;争吵
31②Doyouargueortheeconomicreform?你是赞成还是反对经济改革?③Wetriedmanywaystoarguehimacceptingouradvice,butinvain.我们想尽各种办法劝说他接受我们的建议,但都是徒劳。④Someexpertsarguethatmorestrictmeasuresshouldbetakentomaketheroadsafer.一些专家认为要采取更严格的措施来确保道路更安全。
32[巧学助记]Theworkers,whoarguedfortheirownrights,arguedwiththebossforafewdays,butfailedtoarguehimintogivingthemariseinwages.为了自身的权利争论的工人们同他们的老板辩论数日,结果没能说服老板给他们加薪。答案:①with;about/over/on②for;against③into
335.supportvt.&n.支持;拥护;赡养①Hehadtodoanextrajobafterwork,forhehadabigfamily________________.他下班后得从事另外的工作,因为他有一大家人要养活。必会(1)supportsb./afamily支持某人/赡养家庭supportoneself自力更生(2)insupportofsb./sth.支持或支援某人/某物
34②Isthisbridgestrongenoughto__________heavylorries?这座桥禁得住重型卡车通行吗?③I'llmentionsomefacts________________________myargument.我要举出几个事实来证明我的理论。答案:①tosupport②support③insupportof
356.refer(referred,referring)vt.&vi.谈到;查阅;参考①Ididn'tknowwhomshewas________________.我不知道她指的是谁。必会(1)referto提到;参考,查阅refer...to...把……提交给……referto...as...把……称作……refersb.tosth.让(人)参考……,让(人)参阅……(2)referencen.提及,涉及;参考,参考书目
36②Nooneisallowedto________________thenotesduringtheexam.在考试中不允许任何人查看笔记。③He________________________________livingLeiFeng.他被称为一个活雷锋。④Theteacheroften________hispupils________thisdictionary.那个老师经常让他的学生去查这本词典。
37⑤WhenImeetnewwordsIdon'tknow,Ioftenrefertothedictionary.Ifyoudon'tknowaword,youcanlookthewordupinadictionary,too.当遇到不认识的生词时,我经常查词典。如果你不认识一个单词,你也可以查词典。答案:①referringto②referto③isreferredtoas④refers;to词语辨析referto作“查阅”讲,后接词典或参考书等词lookup作“查阅”讲,后接被查找的东西
387.intendvt.计划;打算[教材原句]Ilookedcarefullyatthetextandrealizedthatitwasintendedforwomeninthecountryside.(P6)我细细地看了这篇文章,了解到那是为农村妇女写的。必会(1)intendtodo/doingsth.打算、意图做某事intendsb.todosth.意图让某人做某事beintendedfor/todo...旨在;预定……用途;为……打算hadintendedtodo...=intendedtohavedone...本打算做……(2)intentionn.意图;目的
39①Ihearthey.听说他们打算结婚。②Thechairyou,butshetookitaway.那把椅子是为你准备的,但是被她拿走了。③Ihadintendedtocatchtheearlytrain,butIdidn'tgetupintime.我本来打算赶早班的火车,但没及时起床。④IfI'vehurtyourfeelings,itwasquitewithoutintention.如果我伤了你的感情,那完全是无意的。
40[方法规律]当事物作主语时,intend作为谓语常常用被动形式,类似的词还有aim和design等。答案:①intendtomarry②wasintendedfor
418.deliverv.投递;发表,宣布;接生,生(小孩)(用被动语态)[巧学助记]
42①Mailisdeliveredtoourofficetwiceaday.我们办公室的邮件每天投递两次。
43②Shewasdeliveredofahealthybabygirlinthehospitallastnight.昨夜她在医院里产下一健康女婴。③Johnwasaskedtoonthegraduation.约翰被邀请发表毕业讲话。[方法规律]sendsth.tosb.把某物寄送给某人(通过第三方中传);deliversth.tosb.递送某物给某人(强调直接给某人)。答案:③deliveraspeech
441.lookdownupon/on蔑视;轻视;瞧不起[教材原句]Manypeoplelookdownuponpoorpeople.(P4)许多人瞧不起穷人。必会lookinto调查,研究lookafter照料lookback(与on,to连用)回想,记起lookon旁观lookout注意lookup查阅;仰视lookforwardto盼望;期待lookupto仰视;尊敬
45①I________________________thosewhoalwaysrelyonothers.我看不起那些总是依赖别人的人。②Poorandlazy,heisalways________________________byothers.因为既穷又懒,所以他总是被人瞧不起。③Thepolicehavereceivedthecomplaint,andtheyare________________it.警方已经收到投诉函件,他们正在进行调查。
46④Ioften________________thewordsIdon'tknowinthedictionaryorontheInternet.我经常用字典或上网查阅我不认识的单词。答案:①lookdownon/upon②lookeddownon/upon③lookinginto④lookup
472.comeacross(偶然)遇到;碰见[教材原句]BychanceIcameacrossanarticleaboutadoctorcalledLinQiaozhi,...(P6)我偶然看到了一篇文章,是关于林巧稚医生的,……必会comeabout发生comeon快点;加油;出场;改进comeout出现;开花;发表或出版;透露;显出comeup(问题、计划等)被提出;升起;长出地面comeupwith提出或找到(答案、办法等)cometo到达;共计;达到
48①I________________anoldschoolfriendinOxfordStreetthismorning.今天早上,我在牛津大街碰见一位老校友。②Howdidit________________thathumansspeaksomanydifferentlanguages?人类怎么会说这么多种语言,这种情况是如何产生的呢?[方法规律]comeacross的近义词组还有:meetwith,happentomeet,meet...bychance/accident,runacross等,其中强调“偶遇……不幸”时,常用meetwith。答案:①cameacross②comeabout
493.carryon继续;坚持[教材原句]WhynotstudyatmedicalcollegelikeLinQiaozhiandcarryonhergoodwork?(P6)为什么不像林巧稚那样去读医学院,继续她的事业呢?
50[方法规律]carryon和carryout经常放在一起考查。carryon强调“继续做……”,而carryout则强调“实施、执行”。其实二者毫不相干。①________________withyourwork.继续干你的工作吧。②________________working/GoonwithyourworkwhileI'maway.我不在的时候你要继续工作。③Theydecidedto________________inspiteoftheweather.他们决定不管天气好坏都继续。答案:①Carryon②Carryon③carryon
51“Ithitsb.how(that)+句子”句型[教材原句]Suddenlyithitmehowdifficultitwasforawomantogetmedicaltrainingatthattime.(P6)我突然想起,在那个年代,一个女子去学医是多么困难啊![句式分析]句中ithitsb.how...是一种常用句型,表示“某人突然想起……”;该句型中的it是形式主语,how引导的主语从句作真正主语。
52①________________________________Ihadforgottenherbirthday.我突然想起我把她的生日给忘了。②Didn't________________________thathewaslying?当时你没想到他在撒谎吗?③Itdidn'toccurtohimthatshewouldrefusehisinvitation.他没有想到她会拒绝他的邀请。答案:①Ithit/struckmethat②ithit/strikeyou
53单元语法
54主谓一致1.Strangelyenough,apairofnewtrousers________(be)foundinapileofrubbish.答案:was句意:奇怪的是,在垃圾堆里找到一条新裤子。尽管trousers是复数形式,但当前面有pair时,谓语动词要根据pair的单复数确定。
552.Manyastudent________(be)selectedtotakepartintheEnglishcompetition,andmorethanoneteacher________(have)coachedthemonspeakingandwriting.答案:was;has考查主谓一致。句意:许多学生被选去参加英语竞赛,不止一个老师在口语和写作方面对他们进行辅导。当manya和morethanone等作定语去修饰作主语的单数可数名词时,谓语动词用单数。
563.—John,haveyouseentheprogramIamaSingerwhich________(be)hostedbyHunanTV?—Yeah,ofcourse.Eachboyandeachgirlinourclass______(love)it.答案:is;loves考查主谓一致。句意:——John,你看过由湖南卫视主办的《我是歌手》这个节目吗?——当然看过。我们班每个男生和每个女生都喜欢看。第一空,《我是歌手》是个节目,作主语,谓语应用单数;第二空,“each...andeach...”作主语时,谓语用单数。
574.Asurveyofhealthresearchers________(show)thatfourhoursofexerciseeveryweek________(be)goodforourhealth.答案:shows;is考查主谓一致。第一空的主语中心词是Asurvey,因此谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;第二空,fourhoursofexerciseeveryweek是一件事情,因此谓语动词也用第三人称单数形式。
585.Themurderer,togetherwithhistwobrothers,________(be)sentencedtodeathjustnow.答案:was考查主谓一致和时态。句意:那个杀人犯,连同他的两个兄弟刚才均被判处死刑。togetherwith连接两个成分作主语时,谓语动词的单复数要与togetherwith前面的成分保持一致,即与themurderer保持一致;由justnow可知此处用一般过去时。
59高考真题对接
601.(2014·北京改编)________(observe)carefullyifanychangeoccurswhendoingexperimentsinthelab.答案:Observe本题考查祈使句。句意:在实验室里做实验时,一定要仔细观察是否有什么变化发生。句中if引导宾语从句,设空处为主句动词,且表示祈使语气,故用动词原形,构成祈使句。
612.(2014·湖北改编)Isthisyournecklace,Mary?Icame________itwhenIwascleaningthebathroomthismorning.答案:across句意:这是你的项链吗?我今天上午在打扫浴室的时候偶然发现的。comeacross偶然发现,偶然遇到。3.(2013·湖北改编)Anartistwhowasrecentlytravelingonaferrytothesouthernislanddiscovered________chancealonglostantiqueGreekvase.答案:by句意:一位最近在通往南岛的渡口旅游的艺术家意外地发现了一个丢失久远的古希腊花瓶。bychance偶然。
624.(2013·江苏改编)IshouldnothavelaughedifI________(think)youwereserious.答案:hadthought考查虚拟语气。句意:我本不应该笑的,如果想到你是严肃的。由主句shouldnothavelaughed可以看出,与过去事实相反,所以if引起的条件状语从句用过去完成时。5.(2011·天津改编)Shecame______anoldfriendofhersyesterdaywhileshewasshoppingatthedepartmentstore.答案:acrosscomeacross偶然遇见。句意:昨天她在一家商场购物时遇到了一位老朋友。
63基础知识巩固(点此链接)
64课时作业(点此链接)