四川省成都2020-2021学年高一（上）开学考试物理试题(含详解)

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2020-2021
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1ὶᵯyzᵯᜐᜐ®AEBὶ¨ᐭ§ᵯ{M¯Ḅᵯ/=0.2AM°m±ᐸ²ᵯᵫ[¥mn³M©ªḄᵯNZv29⚓/ᐳ39⚓

29U=1.0V,U=2.0VA3ᑣ©ªᵯNZUB=1.0V:2.0V=l:2[2]ᵫ4ὶᵯyᵯᱯ¸mn/=/A.+/D=0.6ARᵫ[¥mn/=0.4A,I=0.2AAaᵫ4ὶᵯyᵯNᱯ¸mnᵯ{ᵯNZU=UA=U=2.0VB»ஹ[⚪V½¾¿Àᜧ⚪ᐳ3⚪ᐳ20ᑖ26.%☢ÂᑭᵨÃÄᙳᒴḄᒴÇᩨᩚÊG¾¿“ᩨᩚF⊝ᩩΔḄV½஺ḄÐṹᩨᩚÒᯠᙠcFtÔF⊝஺2[ÕÂᑭᵨÖ×ØPḄ§ÙV½ÚÛÜnᩨᩚÝÞß5cm,ÐṹÝä0.5N,çÖ×ØḄ]ᦪèᐭ%⊤஺V½óôbFi/Nb÷Li/mB/N÷Li/m1—0.153.00.103êV½ᦪAIëᔠᩨᩚF⊝ᩩÎ7ìí⚪Ḅîïூᫀ௃জ4ঝ.3.8ঞ.Ö×Øòᨵᔣ%aூ'᪆௃ூ)'௃1UJ᝞[ᵬᡠ]ᙠᩨᩚB¸ᜐᢞ6äÐṹþᙠᑣᙠ4¸ᜐÿᢞ஻᪵Ḅṹᩨᩚᯠᙠ⊝ṹG,L᪷ᩨᩚḄ⊝ᩩᨵF/="30⚓/ᐳ39⚓

30*+6Gx2L=nGx3L,+n=4ᓽᙠA/ᜐ1ᢞ4᪵Ḅṹᩨᩚᯠᙠ⊝஺4267289:;<=>ᜧ@⊤1N,>@⊤0.2N,Eᦪ3.8N஺436738HIᦪJKᔠᩨᩚ⊝ᩩMNO⚪ḄQRS9:;<=TᨵUVᔣXY,Z9:;<=[\Yᩨᩚ]<^_`«¬®ᯠ¬ᩭ°ᙠlmnḄ±²☢~ᑣᐝ~ீ⌱“¶”ᡈ“J¶”6MN¬ḄpQRS஺ூ¸ᫀ௃জ.ᜧঝ.Bঞ.J¶ট.ᱥc”ÈᯖcÉÊÈᯖcËÌᡂ᎔ᜧHp426728∑ᑮlmncd15cm]ᡂ᎔ᜧḄHpᡠÍ2/>15cm>fᓽ7.5cm

31v=30cmᡠÍ30cm>2/ᓽf<15cmÒᔠÓJÔ*Ç7.5cmᱥÚᨵÛᦪ/hᡂÜÝ>/ÞᔣlmnᨵÛᦪᩩᐝßÛᦪᩩᐝßàlmnᢚÞᨵÛᦪᩩᢚÞᐝß᝞ªᨵ>«¬®ᯠ¬ᩭ°ᙠlmnḄ±²☢~ᑣᐝ~J¶MN¬ḄpQRSᱥc஻᪗ᨵ“2.5V”ஹíâæ᳛î1WḄãäÉð⌕ḄHIᘤᩞòóḄᵯô᝞ᵬᡠE஺!ᦪᵯ#⊤%ᦪUNᵯ&⊤%ᦪVA'()*11.500.321ᐝ3422.000.386ᨩ32.5081ᐝ43.000.46;)(1)öᔠ÷ᐵùὁûüýþNèéòóḄᵯôᨵ>᪷ÿ
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32B”z'kᵯl1{|ᓄḄ~ᵯlmrpᜧ஺ூᫀ௃জ.᪆ঝ.0.423
.1.05ট.pᜧঠ.*ᓣூ᪆௃ூ௃1
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[4]ম᪷K⊤WᦪKᵫ¢£c¤i¥¦'(ḄᵯlGL5¨“§§ᵨC"69c©ᳮX2ஹ3ஹ4¬'(Ḅᵯlᑖ_5.26Cஹ5.95Cஹ6.52C,ᦑ'kḄᵯlmnoᵯ#Ḅpqrpᜧ¯°'kḄᵯlm*ᓣrpᜧ஺±ஹ²³´µᵨ~ᜧ⚪ᐳ4B⚪ᐳ38ᑖz29.᝞[·¸ᢈB¬º²Ḅᙠ»¼ᡭ¾¿WÀÁᙽḄÃÄ%Å[ÆÇÈÉÊ_100N,ᙳᒴÍÎÀÁᙽḄÏ*_8xlO3kg/m3,ÀÁᙽḄI_80kg஺ÐÊL᥅ÒஹÈÉ´ÓÔᩨᩚ×ØᜐḄ᥅Òஹ¿ÚÀÁᙽḄlÛᙳÜᶍÞ²ÀÁᙽßᒴàᓣ஺¿ḄÏ*PK=1.0xl03kg/m3,gá10N/kg
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33ூᫀ௃(1)100Nç(2)400Nூ᪆௃ூ௃(1)°_ÀÁᙽìí¿WᡠÀÁᙽ᣸ï¿Ḅðñm80m3=0.01m38xl03ÀÁᙽᡠåḄæÛòæ=஺¿g/ò1x103x10x0.01N=100N(2)ᵫ[jõᵨḄÈɬ஻=2,ᙠÀÁᙽã☄¿☢YÐÊL᥅ÒஹÈÉ´ÓÔᩨᩚ×ØᜐḄ᥅Òஹ¿ÚÀÁᙽḄlÛᙳÜᶍÞ²èḄéÛ1F=—(mg-/÷+G)2ᐭᦪK¦F=400N30.ᙠᢙýþÿ
ᱯᡊ▾ஹ▾▾ḄᙢḄ᢬᣾ஹ!ஹ"#ᤅ%!ஹ&!'()*ᔜ,ᕖ./0ᨵ*23Ḅ456஺ᐸ9:;“&⏓”Ḅᔜ?&!@ACCD⍝᝞GᡠI“&⏓”JKLM;800kgḄRᱥTᙢ☢ᒴWXYZᓣ2m,ᵨ`10s஺cdefὑhi2g,jhikᐰmn(hipq;4.3xl()7j/kg,g=10N/kg)஺~(1)ZᓣdeRᱥᓣḄW(2)ZᓣRᱥdeḄᨵᵨ(3)ZᓣRᱥdeḄᦔ᳛஺34⚓/ᐳ39⚓

34ூᫀ௃10.2m/s2
1.6x10"318.6%ூ᪆௃ூ௃1ZᓣdeRᱥᓣḄWs2,,v=—=—m/s=0.2m/st102
RᱥRGᱥ=g^g=8OOxlON=8OOONZᓣRᱥdeḄᨵᵨ%=Gᱥs=8000x2J=1.6xIO,j3
2ghikᐰmnDḄpM2=/^<7=4.3x107x2x10-3J=8.6x104Jffill1ZᓣRᱥdeḄᦔ᳛஻=xlOO%=L6xl஺xlOO%a18.6%Q!8.6xlO431.Ḅ--ᓅ¡¢ᔣ¤¥¦§¨©ª©ᜧ᫑᝞GᡠI஺¢ᐰ®20.287km,ᓅ¡¢¤¥¦e®13.7km,¨©ª©ᜧ᫑e®6.587km஺ᐸᓅ¡¢¤¥¦¯9.3km°±᫑A²³´µ°±᫑஺¶ᙠ¸¹ºW»¼½Ḅ¾`¿À*ÁᙢÂÃஹÄÅ*ÆÇᙢஹ¿ᶇ*ᙢ☢Éᨵ¢ÊË᪀ᐙᑖϹ*Ð⁐ஹÒ¿ஹºᣩ»¼ḄÆÔÕ¢஺¢Öᵨ×ᔣ!⍝ÆÔW80km/h஺ØÙᵨᡠÚdḄᱥᳮÜÝkᡂßàá⚪1᪷äᜧ᫑ÆÔd᫑!å᫑☢Ḅæçèéêᑴᙠ8xl05paßᑁ஺ᨵåLM;2200kgḄ4íîïð!⌕d᫑᝞òóô!íõ¢☢Ḅö÷☢ø;250cm2,ØÙÔùᐕûüð!»d¨©ᜧ᫑ýðḄᨬᜧLMAÿᓟ஺g10m/s2
2
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35(3)(ᙠ*+,-./012᳛490kW,ᑣ67ᑮḄ:;4<ᜧ஺ூ?ᫀ௃(1)5800kgB(2)7minB(3)4054NூC᪆௃ூEC௃(1)4HIJK☢ḄMN☢O4S=4x250cm2=1000cm2=0.1m2PQK☢ḄᨬᜧS;F=pS=8x105x0.1N=8x104NTPḄᨬᜧU;GVW=8x10^ᑣXPYZᜧ᫑[PḄᨬᜧ\]^m=_`=--2200)kg=5800kg(2)bc᫑ds=9.3km=9300mPv=80km/h-22.2m/sᑣᢥ᫑᫡ᒴ᫑Ḅef4(3)᪷hpain4xF=-=——N»4054Nv22.2i4Pᒴ,-ᡠk6ᡠ7Ḅ:;ᡝF=4054N32.4ᵹn“p⁐rstuv”Ḅuxᳮz{r|}~_<2uXᐹᨵஹ⃩]ᓄ27T஺᝞^{uᓄᵯKᐵkஹMAஹMB[ck=4.2xl03j/(kg©]»#36⚓/ᐳ39⚓

36©ªᵯS(V)220¦§ᢱ2᳛(W)275/§ᢱ2᳛(W)550§ᢱ2᳛(W)1100(1)ᐵஹS2ᜐ¡¢£¤᝱euᜐ¡¦§ᢱ஺(2)uᜐ¡/§ᢱ«¬eᵯK/Ḅᵯ®ᜧ¯஺(3)ᜐḄ:°஺(4)ᙠ᪗²ᜧ³S´µᵨ§ᢱ·¸¹º»\]41kgஹ¼§^12CḄ_½¾,ᵨ7min,½ᔾᦈḄº]Tu§ᢱḄ¹ºᦔ᳛஺ூ?ᫀ௃(1)Si,S2MAB(2)2.5AB(3)88஺B(4)3.696xlO5J,80%ூC᪆௃ூEC௃(1)ᵫcÄᐵSiS2MAeᵯ:RஹR?ÅὶᵯK/ḄÇᵯ:ᨬᜧᵫU2P=UI=—RcÇ2᳛ᨬ¯Èe4¦§ᢱ:(2)uᜐ¡/§ᢱ«¬eᵫᱏU/ËᵯK/Ḅᵯ®=Ì=ÍA=2.5AU220(3)ᵫcÄᐵ,ÎᔠS2MBeᵯ:ÐஹR2ÑὶᵯK/ḄÇᵯ:ᨬ¯ᵫ54cÇ2᳛ᨬᜧᡠkȤ᝱4§ᢱBÄS2MA,SiÎᔠeR2ÒÓKÔᨵᵯ:ÐMᐭᵯKuᜐ¡/§ᢱiÑὶᵯK/ᔜ×KØÙ«¬ஹÚÛÜÝÞᵯKḄÇ2᳛¡ᔜᵨᵯᘤ2᳛àTᡠk§ᢱeáḄᵯ2᳛P=P"-Pâ=1100W-550W=550W2#37⚓/ᐳ39⚓

37iÑὶᵯK/ᔜ×KãäḄᵯSåᡠk&Ḅ:°22()2Q=88Q^50(4)ᙠ᪗²ᜧ³S´½Ḅçè4100࠷,ᑣ½ᔾᦈḄº]Q%=c½"êCt-to)=4.2xl03xlx(100-12)J=3.696xlO5Jᵫ¯/˵ᵨ§ᢱ·¸¹ºf=7min=420sëὑḄᵯWíî1100x420J=4.62x105Ju§ᢱḄ¹ºᦔ᳛஻=ðஹ100%=80%W#38⚓/ᐳ39⚓

38#39⚓/ᐳ39⚓