上海华东师范大学第一附属中学2021-2022学年高二下学期期中在线教学质量评估英语试题 （原卷版）

《上海华东师范大学第一附属中学2021-2022学年高二下学期期中在线教学质量评估英语试题 （原卷版）》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

华东师大一附中2021学年高二年级第二学期期中教学质量评估英语试卷(满分140分，考试时间120分钟）I.ListeningComprehensionDirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Book.B.Men'ssuits.C.BagsD.Women'sshoes2.A.Thewomancan'tfillouttheformatthemoment.B.Thewomancan'ttakeavacationnextmonth.C.Thewomanshouldmakearequestfirst.D.Thewomanshouldhavetoldhimearlier.3.A.Heisbusywritingreport.B.Hehastodropinonareporter.C.Heisnowattendingameeting.D.Hewillmeetthemanlaterinthemorning.4.A.Goswimming.B.Climbmountains.C.Buyanewjacket.D.Watchtheweatherforecast.5.A.Themandidn'texpectthewomantobeagreatwriter.B.Thewomanhastakenmanypicturesatthecontest.C.Thewomanisanexperiencedphotographer.D.Themanisextremelyfondoftraveling.6.A.Itstartedtorainwhenshewasatthebeach.B.Theforecastcallsformoreraintomorrow.C.She'dlikethemantogotothebeachwithher.D.Shewon'tgotothebeachtomorrowifitrains.7.A.Shedisagreeswiththeman.B.Shedoesn'tenjoylongspeeches.C.Shedidn'tknownhowlongthespeechwouldbe.D.Shedoesn'thaveastrongopinionaboutthespeaker.

18.A.She'llconsidertheman'sinvitation.B.Shedoesn'thavetimetoworkinagarden.C.Shedoesn'twanttojointhegardeningclub.D.Shewasneverformallyinvitedtojoinachub.9.A.She'senjoyingthemusic.B.Themusicdoesn'tbotherher.C.Themusicwillkeepherawake.D.Shewouldpreferadifferentstyleofmusic.10.A.Fewreadersagreewithhisideas.B.Veryfewpeoplehavereadhisarticle.C.Hedoesn'texpectthearticletobepublished.D.Thewomandoesn'tfullyunderstandthearticle.SectionBPassagesDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedthreequestionsoneachofthepassages.Thepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Problemsforactors.B.Embarrassedactors.C.Avoidingeatinginfilms.D.Unexpectedfilmscenes12A.Theymaybeaskedtoeatordrinkwithchildrenoranimalsonstage.B.Childrenoranimalsmaydrawtheattentionoftheaudience.C.Theyfindsomechildrencannotsaywordsclearlyenough.D.Animalsaresometimesnoteasytodealwith.13.A.Heforgotwhotoserve.B.Hesaidthewrongword.C.Hecutoffawholechickenleg.D.Heslippedthetrayontothefloor.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingnews.14.A.AEuropeantradition.B.Anartmuseum.C.Acoastalvillage.D.Anartsfestival.15.A.Somemoney.B.Theirownpaintings.CAvisittotheirhomes.D.Achancetopaintwiththem.16.A.Therearepaintingsathomeandsculpturesinthesquare.

2B.AntoniPrestisetuphisownartgalleryseveralyearsago.C.Almosteveryfamilyownssomepaintingsbyfamousartists.D.Theresidentsthereraisedmoneytobuildtheirdomesticmuseum.SectionCLongerConversationsDirections:InSectionC,youwillheartwolongerconversations.Theconversationswillbereadtwice.Afteryouheareachconversation,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.ShewaslongdreamingofgoingtoAfrica.B.Shedidn'tlikeworkingasatravelagent.C.Shewastiredofherlifestyleatthattime.D.Shedidn'twanttotravelanymore.18.A.Shetaughtlocalstudentsthebasicsofthelanguage.B.Shetrainedlocalfarmerstomarkettheircrops.C.Shetaughtlocalchildrenaboutculture.D.Shetrainedlocalpeopletobenurses.19A.Shewasusedtolivinginasmallhouse.B.Shecouldhardlyaffordaflatinthecity.C.Shehadsomefriendslivinginthecountry.D.Shefoundlifeinthecitytoonoisyandcrowded.20.A.DealinginAfricanfurniture.B.RaisingfundstohelpAfricanpeople.C.Workingforavolunteerorganization.D.LecturingaboutherexperienceinAfrica.Ⅱ.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.SurprisingFactsAboutAt-HomeDNATestsIfyousendyourDNAtotwodifferentcompaniestofindoutaboutyourancestry,youmayendupwithtwo

3differentresults.That's_____1_____there’snocertificationrequiredforDNA-testingcompanies.Theymaygetthebasicideacorrect—thatyouarealittlelessthanhalfnorthernEuropean,forexample,butwhentheysayyou’re30percentfromhereand60percentfromthere,it’sastatisticalguess_____2_____(base)ontheirowndatabaseandmethod.Yourresultswillbelesspreciseifyou'renotanative.Themorepeoplefromyourancestralregioninacompany’sdatabaseare,themoreaccurateyourresultswillbe.YoucanfindoutyourriskofdiseasessuchascancerandAlzheimer’sfromanat-homeDNAtestkit,butalaboratoryauthorized(授权)todomedicaltestingwillgiveyou_____3_____(conclusive)results.Theresultsofyourgenetictestingcouldaffectyourabilitytogetinsurance._____4_____federallawprohibitshealthinsurersfromdenyingcoveragebasedongenetictestresults,thelawdoesnotapplytolife,disability,andlong-term-careinsurance.Law-enforcementagenciesareincreasinglyusingfamilytreeDNAdatabasestosolvecrimes,_____5_____wasdoneinthearrestofaformerpoliceofficeraccusedofbeingtheGoldenStateKiller.CaliforniadetectivestooktheDNAresultsfromvariouscrimescenes,_____6_____(look)forpartialmatchesonapublicgenealogydatabase,andeventuallyfoundtheirman.Themarketisalsoexplodingwithcompanies_____7_____(claim)theycanpinpointtherightproduct—foryourskinoryourwaistline,forinstance—basedonaDNAtest.Butconsiderthementertainment____8____realscience,Greelysays.Astudyfoundthatdietsbasedongenetictestsdidn'thelppeopleloseweight.Still,DNAtestscananswerquestionsyou'vehadabout_____9_____—andonesyoudidn’tknowtoask.Forexample,foranadditionalcost,23andMewillincludeyourresultsonmorethan25individualtraits,_______10_______beingamorningperson.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.behaviorsB.boundaryC.truthD.ashamedE.intentionallyF.presenceG.acknowledgesH.toughI.negativelyJ.judgmentalK.objectivePeopleholddifferentviewsonalmostanything,mainlybecauseoftheculturewearefamiliarwithortheeducationwehavereceived.Weliveina/an____11____worldwherepeoplearequicktopointoutthefaultsandimperfectionsofothers,yetseemunawareoftheirown.Somemisguidedsoulsbelievetheyhaveadutytohelpyoutobeabetterpersonbytellingyouwhatafailureyoureallyarefirstandthenofferingsuggestionsastohow

4youcanimprove.Sowhatisthepossiblesolutiontocriticism?Ifyouaretheoneforcingotherstofeel____12____ofthemselves,STOP.Makeaconsciousdecisionratherthanfocusonthenegativeaspectofaperson’sperformanceor____13____.You’llofferhelpfulsuggestionsfromthebeginning.IfI’mpaintingourlivingroomandmakingamessindoingso,Iwouldlikemyhusbandtosaytome,“Thisisa/an____14____job.CanIofferasuggestionthatmightmakeiteasierforyou?”ratherthanhavehimpointoutwhatacarelesspainterIamandthentellmehowIshouldbedoingit.Ifyouareonthereceivingendofcriticism,the“OK”responseisaperfectsolution.Whensomeonecomments____15____onataskyouaredoingorapersonalityissueofyours,anaturalresponseistodefendandattack.However,thisapproachisrarelyeffectiveasitputsbothpartiesonthedefensive.Instead,simplyreplywith“OK”.Thisbriefone-wordresponse____16____theotherperson’scommentwithoutagreeingwithitorfeelingnecessarytoengageinadebateaboutit.Itisimportanttoremainemotionallyattachedtowhattheotherpersonissaying,buttolistenwithoutfeeling,tobea/an____17____observer.Infact,thereismuchthatonecanlearnfromanegativereview.Youcanaskyourself:DidImakeamistake?CouldIhavedonebetter?DidIgive100%ofmyselftothetaskathand?Ifso,howcanIimprovemyself?Asforchronic(习惯性的)criticizers:Itisimportanttosetstrict____18____withthem.Removeyourselffromtheir____19____whennecessary.Inanycase,onecanlearntobe“OK”withcriticismandnotallowittonegativelyimpactyourlifeorrelationshipwiththeotherparty.Examineitforanypotential_____20_____,andthenletitgoandjustbe“OK”.Ⅲ.ReadingComprehensionsSectionADirections:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Readingaward-winningliteraturemayboostyourabilitytoreadotherpeople,anewstudysuggests.ResearchersattheNewSchoolforSocialResearchfoundthatwhentheyhadvolunteersreadworksofacclaimed(受到称赞的)“literaryfiction”,itseemedtotemporarilyimprovetheirabilityto____21____otherpeople’semotions.Thesamewasnot____22____ofnonfictionor“popular”fiction,themystery,romanceandsciencefictionbooksthatoftendominatebestsellerlists.Researchers____23____aseriesoffiveexperimentswhichparticipantsreadeitherliteraryfiction,popularfiction,nonfictionornothingatallbeforetakingsomestandardtests.Oneofthetestsisknownas“ReadingtheMindintheEyes”.Peoplehavetolookatphotosofactors’eyes,andthenguesswhatemotionisbeingexpressed

5ineach.Thetestisconsidereda(n)____24____ofempathy.Overall,studyparticipantsscoredbetterafterreadingliteraryfiction,versustheotherthree____25____.Itwasa(n)____26____improvement,accordingtotheprincipalresearcherDavidComerKidd,“It’snotliketakingpeoplefroma‘C’toan‘A’,”hesaid.But,Kiddadded,theeffectwasseenafteronlyabout10minutes’reading,anditwasastatisticallystrongfinding,meaningit’sunlikelytohavebeendueto____27____.What’sso____28____aboutliteraryfiction?It’susuallymorefocusedoncharacterthanonplot.Thereisusuallynosingle“dominantnarrator”whotakesreadersthroughthestory.It____29____thatthereadersshouldthinkaboutthecharactersandfillinthegaps.Theauthordoesn’ttellyouwhattothink.Readershavetomake_____30_____aboutcharacters.Andthat’softenwhatpeoplearedoinginthereal-lifeconversations.“Thisisgreatstudy!”saidRaymondMar,anassociateprofessorofpsychologyatYorkUniversity,whowasnotinvolvedinthenewstudy._____31_____,headdedthattheoverallresearchinthisareais“stillinitsinfancy”andonekeyquestioniswhetherliteraryfictionreally_____32_____othertypesoffiction.So,it’stooearlytotellpeopleto_____33_____theirromancenovelforNobelliterature,atleastifthegoalisboostingempathy.Butitis_____34_____thatthefindingssuggestliteratureisimportantbeyondentertainmentorimprovingvocabulary.“There’sacommonbeliefthatreadingliteratureisfrivolous(可笑的),ornotpractical,”Marsaid.“Butthere’sagrowingbodyofevidencethatit’simportantin_____35_____thatweneedinourlives.”21.A.evaluateB.manageC.spellD.interpret22.A.trueB.informedC.criticalD.compulsory23.A.putforwardB.wentthroughC.carriedoutD.comparedto24.A.toolB.measureC.standardD.source25.A.samplesB.techniquesC.conditionsD.topics26.A.moderateB.invaluableC.significantD.worthless27.A.rateB.opportunityC.mistakeD.chance28.A.strangeB.intenseC.specialD.particular29.A.demandsB.revealsC.confessesD.favors30.A.implicationsB.inferencesC.innovationsD.imaginations31.A.BesidesB.NonethelessC.ThereforeD.Even32.A.outweighsB.challengesC.dominatesD.strikes33.A.clingtoB.tradeinC.investinD.wearout34.A.expectedB.suspectedC.guaranteedD.agreed

635.A.researchesB.moodsC.skillsD.innovationsSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Measles(麻疹),whichoncekilled450childreneachyearanddisabledevenmore,wasnearlywipedoutintheUnitedStates14yearsagobytheuniversaluseoftheMMRvaccine(疫苗).Butthediseaseismakingacomeback,causedbyagrowinganti-vaccinemovementandmisinformationthatisspreadingquickly.Alreadythisyear,115measlescaseshavebeenreportedintheUSA,comparedwith189foralloflastyear.Thenumbersmightsoundsmall,buttheyaretheleadingedgeofadangeroustrend.Whenvaccinationratesareveryhigh,astheystillareinthenationasawhole,everyoneisprotected.Thisiscalled“herdimmunity”,whichprotectsthepeoplewhogethurteasily,includingthosewhocan’tbevaccinatedformedicalreasons,babiestooyoungtogetvaccinatedandpeopleonwhomthevaccinedoesn’twork.Butherdimmunityworksonlywhennearlythewholeherdjoinsin.Whensomerefusevaccinationandseekafreeride,immunitybreaksdownandeveryoneisinevenbiggerdanger.That’sexactlywhatishappeninginsmallneighborhoodsaroundthecountryfromOrangeCounty,California,where22measlescaseswerereportedthismonth,toBrooklyn,N.Y.,wherea17-year-oldcausedanoutbreaklastyear.Theresistancetovaccinehascontinuedfordecades,anditisdrivenbyarealbutverysmallrisk.Thosewhorefusetotakethatriskselfishlymakeotherssuffer.Makingthingsworsearestatelawsthatmakeittooeasytooptout(决定不参加)ofwhataresupposedtoberequiredvaccinesforallchildrenenteringkindergarten.Seventeenstatesallowparentstogetanexemption（豁免),sometimesjustbysigningapapersayingtheypersonallyobjecttoavaccine.Now,severalstatesaremovingtotightenlawsbyaddingnewregulationsforoptingout.Butnoonedoesenoughtolimitexemptions.Parentsoughttobeabletooptoutonlyforlimitedmedicalorreligiousreasons.Butpersonalopinions?Notgoodenough.Everyoneenjoysthelife-savingbenefitsvaccinesprovide,butthey’llexistonlyaslongaseveryonesharesintherisks.36.Thefirsttwoparagraphssuggestthat____________.

7A.asmallnumberofmeaslescasescanstartadangeroustrendB.theoutbreakofmeaslesattractsthepublicattentionC.anti-vaccinemovementhasitsmedicalreasonsD.informationaboutmeaslesspreadsquickly37Herdimmunityworkswellwhen____________.A.exemptionsareallowedB.severalvaccinesareusedtogetherC.thewholeneighborhoodisinvolvedinD.newregulationsareaddedtothestatelaws38.Whatisthemainreasonforthecomebackofmeasles?ATheoveruseofvaccine.B.Thelackofmedicalcare.C.Thefeaturesofmeaslesitself.D.Thevaccineopt-outsofsomepeople.39.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroducetheideaofexemption.B.Todiscussmethodstocuremeasles.C.Tostresstheimportanceofvaccination.D.Toappealforequalrightsinmedicaltreatment.(B)WEFOUNDAFIX1.GetFreeSupportJustwantsomeonetotalkto?At7cups.com,youcanconnectwithatrained“activelistener”forfree,completelyconfidentialadvice.Choosealistenerbasedonlocationandlifeexperience,orletthesiteassignsomeonetoyouforaninstantconversation.2.ClipVirtualCouponsLookforcouponcodesonretailerandcash-backwebsites.Justgooglethebrandnameand“promocode”tofindthelatestofferings.Andwhosaysthatwhenyousnooze(打盹),youlose?Sometimesleavingitemsinyourshoppingcartcanadduptosavings.Youmightgetapop-upwithacouponcodetotemptyoutopurchasewhat’sthereorane-mailinyourinboxwithadiscountoffer.

83.CutYourTaxBillDoesanyonewanttohearabouttaxes?Maybenot.Butinthisunusualyear(thefirsttimeinhistorythatthefederaltaxdeadlinehasbeenextendedtoJuly15),itpaystostayontopofthings.Theirs.govwebsiteissurprisinglyeasytonavigate,andthere’salinkonthehomepagetotheIRS’scoronavirustax-reliefprograms.4.RemoveStubbornFoodStainsGotunattractivecoffeeandteastainsonapot,ormug?Pickupsomedenture(假牙)cleaner.Dissolveonetabletpertwocupsofhotwater,pouritintothestainedvessel,andletitsitforseveralhours.Thenuseascrubbrushtocleanoffthestainsandanyloosenedbits.Pourthesolutionoutandrinsethoroughly.5.SaveTextingTimeOnelesser-knownsecrettotypingonyourphone:Double-tapthespacebaronthekeyboardwhenyoufinishasentence.Doingsoaddsaperiodandaspace—andautomaticallycapitalizesthenextletteryoutypetostartyournextsentence.6.PreserveYourFragrancesIfyouwishthescentofyoureaudetoiletteorcolognelastedlonger,storeitinthefridge.“Growingup,I’dalwaysseemygrandmother’sinthefridge,andshetoldmeitkeptthefragrancelongerandfeltrefreshingontheskin,”saysTVstyleexpertHilaryKennedy.“Ilovekeepingminecool,especiallyduringthesummerandfallmonths.”Takenote:Verycoldtemperaturescanupsetthebalanceofsomedelicateperfumes.40.Michael,whovaluesefficiencymost,can_________________.A.turntoatrainedlistenerat7cups.comforfreeadviceB.lookforcouponcodesonlinetofindthelatestofferingsC.applyfortax-cutonthegovernment’swebsitethisyearD.double-tapthespacebaronthephonewhentexting41.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Ifperfumeispreservedinthefridgeatverycoldtemperature,itsfragrancewilllastlonger.B.Brushingthestainsoonafterapplyingthedenturecleanercanremovethestubbornone.C.Duetothecoronaviruspandemic,thegovernmenthasprolongedthetaxdeadlineandcuttaxes.D.Leavingitemsinshoppingcartshelpsyousaveasyoucanre-consideriftheyareworthbuying.42.Thepurposeofthispassageisto__________________.A.teachpeoplehowtodealwithemergencyB.arousepeople’sinterestinfixingproblemsC.offertrickstohelpimprovepeople’slife

9D.informpeopleofthelatestscientificfindings(C)Unlikeso-calledbasicemotionssuchassadness,fearandanger,guiltemergesalittlelater,inlinewithachild'sgrowinggraspofsocialandmoralstandards.Childrenaren'tbornknowinghowtosay“I'msorry”;rather,theylearnovertimethatsuchstatementsappeaseparentsandfriends—andtheirownconsciences.Thisiswhyresearchersgenerallyregardso-calledmoralguilt,intherightamount,tobeagoodthing.Inthepopularimagination,ofcourse,guiltstillgetsabadreputation.Itisdeeplyuncomfortable—it'stheemotionalequivalentofwearingajacketstuffedwithstones.Yetthisunderstandingisoutdated.“Therehasbeenakindofrevivalorarethinkingaboutwhatroleguiltcanserve”,saysAmrishaVaish,apsychologyresearcherattheUniversityofVirginia,addingthatthisrevivalispartofalargerrecognitionthatemotionsaren'tbinary-feelingsthatmaybeadvantageousinonecontextmaybeharmfulinanother.Jealousyandanger,forexample,mayhaveevolvedtoalertustoimportantinequalities.Toomuchhappinesscanbedestructive.Andguilt,bypromptingustothinkmoredeeplyaboutourowngoodness,canencouragehumanstomakeupforerrorsandfixrelationships.Guilt,inotherwords,canhelpholdacooperativespeciestogether.Itisakindofsocialglue.Viewedinthislight,guiltisanopportunity.WorkbyTinaMalti,apsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofToronto,suggeststhatguiltmaycompensateforanemotionaldeficiency.Inanumberofstudies,Maltiandothershaveshownthatguiltandsympathymayrepresentdifferentpathwaystocooperationandsharing.Somekidswhoarelowinsympathymaymakeupforthatshortfallbyexperiencingmoreguilt,whichcancontroltheirdisgustingbehaviors.Andviceversa:highsympathycansubstituteforlowguilt.Ina2014study,forexample,Maltilookedat244children.Usingcaregiverassessmentsandthechildren'sself-observations,sheratedeachchild'soverallsympathylevelandhisorhertendencytofeelnegativeemotionsaftermoralwrongdoings.Thenthekidswerehandedchocolatecoins,andgivenachancetosharethemwithananonymouschild.Forthelow-sympathykids,howmuchtheysharedappearedtoturnonhowlikelytheyweretofeelguilty.Theonesmorelikelytofeelguiltytendedtosharemore,eventhoughtheyhadn'tmagicallybecomemoresympathetictotheotherchildren.“That'sgoodnews,”Maltisays.“Wecanbeprosocialbecausewecausedharmandwefeelregret.”43.Theunderlinedword“appease”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto“_________”.A.contentB.disappointC.amuseD.distract44.Thewritermentionsthecomparisonofguiltto“ajacketstuffedwithstones”toshowpeople's_________.A.generalimpressionofguiltbeingoverestimated

10B.incorrectideaaboutthenatureandfunctionofguiltC.out-ofdatebeliefofguiltbeingtheirprimaryburdenD.long-heldprejudiceagainstthosewhooftenfeelguilty45.Whatcanbeinferredfromthechocolatecoinexperiment?A.It'snecessarytoensurekidsfeelguiltyabouttheirwrongdoings.B.Regretfulkidsneedtobegivenachancetocorrecttheirbehaviors.C.FeelingguiltyhasthepowertomakekidsbecomemoresympatheticD.Thehighestguiltcouldpossiblybefoundinkidswiththelowestsympathy.46.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.GuiltvsSympathyB.GoodNewsforGuiltyPeopleC.Don'tfeelGuiltyAboutYourGuiltD.WhatLiesUnderneathYourGuiltSectionCDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesinthebox.Eachsentencecanonlybeusedonce.Notethattherearetwosentencesmorethanyouneed.Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.ClimatechangeischangingtheflavorofFrenchwineRecordsgoingback700yearsshowthatBurgundy’swinegrapeshavebeenfeelingtheheatofthepastthreedecades.Thesummerof1540wasburninghotinthevine-coveredhillsofBurgundy,France—sohotastobe“almostunbearable,”accordingtoonewrittenaccountfromthetime.____47____IntheAlps,glaciersmelted,theirsnoutsretreatingupsteep-sidedvalleys.FiresburnedfromFrancetoPoland.AndinthewinecountryofcentralFrance,thegrapeswitheredtoraisins(葡萄干)onthevine,sosugarythewinemadefromthemwassyrupyandextra-alcoholic.___48___thelookofthevinesbeforetheybud;thelookofthevinesastheymatureoverlongseasons;andthefat,sugary,fragrantcurveofthegrapeswhenthey’rereadytobemadeintowine.Normally,winemakersharvestedgrapesattheveryendofSeptemberorearlyOctober.Butthatyear,theyhadtorushtogetoverripegrapesoffthevineweeksearlierthanusual.Now,anearly700-year-longrecordofharvestshowsthatearlyharvestdatesliketheonefrom1540arenowparforthecourse,thankstoclimatechange.____49____“Wecanclearlyseethereactionofthegrapestotheriseintemperature,”saysThomasLabbé,anhistorianattheUniversityofBurgundy.“Wecanpredict,using

11modeling,theharvestwilloccuraroundaboutthe15thofAugust,inthecoreofsummer.”___50___Already,astemperaturesworldwidehavewarmed,thealcoholcontentofwineshasbumpedupfromabout12percentinthe1970stoabout14percenttoday,thoughthatnumbervariesfromregiontoregion.Partofthat,though,iswinemakerpreference,partofitisbecausegrapesarematuringfasterintheheat.Themoresugartheyaccumulate,themoreofitisconvertedtoalcoholduringthewinemakingprocess.A.Thoughthekindofheathasn’tsettledintoBurgundyyet,it’sprobablycoming.B.Winemakershavekeptcarefultrackoftheharvestdatesforcenturies.C.Thatwillalmostcertainlyaffectthewaywinestasteandfeel,andhowstrongtheyare.D.Infact,itwashotallacrossEuropethatyear.E.Thesubtlefeelresultingfrommorealcoholicwineisnotfavored.F.Winemakersknowthegrowthstagesintimately.IV.SummaryWriting51.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.FriendshipTohelpusunderstandwhatfriendshipreallymeans,weneedtoreviewsomeclassicalviewsoffriendship.AccordingtoAristotle,wemayfindthreekindsoffriendship:Friendshipbasedonutility.Utilityisanimpermanentthing:itchangesaccordingtocircumstances.Whenthegroundforfriendshipdisappears,thefriendshipalsobreaksup.Friendshipsofthiskindseemtooccurmostfrequentlybetweentheelderly,becauseattheiragewhattheywantisnotpleasurebututilityFriendshipsbasedonutilityarealsofrequentlyfoundamongthoseinmiddleorearlylifewhoarepursuingtheirownadvantage.Suchpersonsdonotspendmuchtimetogether,becausesometimestheydonotevenlikeoneanother,andthereforefeelnoneedofsuchanassociationunlesstheyaremutuallyuseful.Theytakepleasureineachother’scompanyonlyinsofarastheyhavehopesofadvantagefromit.Friendshipbasedonpleasure.Friendshipbetweentheyoungisthoughttobegroundedonpleasure,becausethelivesoftheyoungareregulatedbytheirfeelings,andtheirchiefinterestsareintheirownpleasureandtheopportunityofthemoment.Astheygrowup,however,theirtasteschangetoo,sothattheyarequicktomakeandtobreakfriendships.Thatiswhytheyfallinandoutoffriendshipquickly,changingtheirattitudeoften,evenwithinthesameday.Friendshipbasedongoodness.Perfectfriendshipisbasedongoodness.Onlythefriendshipofthosewhoaregood,andsimilarintheirgoodness,isperfect.Theconductofgoodmenisthesameorsimilar.Itisbetweengood

12menthatbothloveandfriendshiparechieflyfoundandinthehighestform.Suchfriendshipsarerareandtheyneedtimeandintimacy;forasthesayinggoes,truefriendsmustgothroughtrialsandtribulations(患难)together.Andnotwopersonscanaccepteachotherandbecomefriendsuntileachhasprovedtotheotherthatheisworthyoflove.andsowonhistrust.Thewishforfriendshipmaydeveloprapidly,buttruefriendshipdoesnot.V.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.52.这项前沿技术被视为通讯产业的重大突破。（perceive）（汉译英）53.这座城市爆发新冠病毒，在这里口罩是必需品。（strike）（汉译英）54.事实证明，在考试中你越仔细，就越不可能犯错。（likely）（汉译英）55.只有当你照顾好自己，确保睡眠充足，饮食均衡，你就不会觉得有这么多的压力。（Only）（汉译英）VI.GuidedWriting56.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近你校即将接待来自英国的一批高中生，需要在校内招募寄宿家庭，在接待这些学生的同时，向他们介绍中国文化。你对此很感兴趣，写一封邮件给学校外事接待处，表达你的意愿，内容需包括：1）在和父母协商后，你愿意作为寄宿家庭；2）你对哪一方面的中国文化特别感兴趣，计划通过何种方式向寄宿在你家的外国学生介绍。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________