2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试-英语试题(全国乙卷)

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2022
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1B.Pleased.C.Puzzled.5.Whereistheman,stable?A.Nearthedoor.B.Bythewindow.C.Inthecorner.]¹⁚ᐳ15:⚪9:⚪1.5ᑖeᑖ22.5ᑖ`v☢5xAyᡈ»¼஺9xAyᡈ»¼<ᨵ½z:⚪{⚪|ᡠ~ḄAஹBஹCz⌱⚗|⌱8ᨬ⌱⚗஺`9xAyᡈ»¼m#ᨵ7p▅ᔜz:⚪9:⚪5ot`<ᔜ:⚪#~85oḄ¿7p஺9xAyᡈ»¼c஺`]6xᩞᧇ4]6ஹ7⚪஺6.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotonight?A.Eatout.B.Goshopping.C.Dosports.7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Hostessandguest.C.Husbandandwife.`]7xᩞᧇ4]8ஹ9⚪஺8.WhydoesthewomanthinkJulyisthebesttimetomove?A.Theirbusinessisslow.B.Theweatherisfavorable.C.It'seasytohirepeople.9.Howwilltheyhandlethemoving?A.Finishitallatonce.B.Havethesalessectiongofirst.C.Doonedepartmentatatime.`]8xᩞᧇ4]10Æ12⚪஺10.WhatdidPeterlearnfromhisgrandfather?

2A.Howtoappreciateartworks.B.Howtodealwithartists.C.Howtorunamuseum.11.WhatdidPeterdoinChicago?A.Hestudiedatacollege.B.Heservedinthearmy.C.Heworkedinagallery.12.WhoseworksdidPeterlikebest?A.Rembrandt/s.B.Botticelli,s.C.Rubens'.`]9xᩞᧇ4]13Æ16⚪஺13.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atalibrary.B.Inalawfirm.C.Onatrain.14.BywhattimedidJohnplantofinishhistermpaper?A.March.B.August.C.October15.WhydidJohnquithispart-timejob?A.Hehadtocatchupwithhisstudy.B.Hewasofferedabetterone.C.Hegottiredofit.16.WhatisSusansattitudetoJohn,sproblem?A.Carefree.B.Understanding.C.Forgiving.`]10xᩞᧇ4]17Æ20⚪஺17.Whatdidthespeakerdobeforetheyear2012?

3A.Afitnesscoach.B.Achessplayer.C.Amarathonrunner.18.Whywasthe2016Olympicsimportantforthespeaker?A.HewasmotivatedbyBolt.B.Hebrokeaworldrecord.C.Hewonfifthplace.19.Whichisthehardestforthespeaker?A.Gettingoveraninjury.B.Doingstrengthtraining.C.RepresentingBotswana.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Hisplantogoforthegold.B.Hisexperienceonthetrack.C.Hisloveforhishomecountry.]¹^ᑖ▅ᳮÐᐳc⁚eᑖ40ᑖ]⁚ᐳ15:⚪t9:⚪2ᑖeᑖ30ᑖ▅vᑡÒᦻ{9⚪ᡠ~ḄAஹBஹCஹDÔz⌱⚗|⌱8ᨬ⌱⚗஺AHenryRaeburn1756-1823TheExhibitionThisexhibitionofsomesixtymasterpiecescelebratingthelifeandworkofScotland'sbestlovedpainter,SirHenryRaeburn,comestoLondon.Selectedfromcollectionsthroughouttheworld,itisthefirstmajorexhibitionofhisworktobeheldinoverfortyyears.LectureSeriesScottishNationalPortraitᾠ×ØGallerypresentsaseriesoflecturesforthegeneralpublic.TheyareheldintheLectureRoom.Admissiontolecturesisfree.

4AnIntroductiontoRaeburnRaeburnfsEnglishContemporariesSunday26Oct.,15.00Thursday30Oct.,13.10DUNCANTHOMSONJUDYEGERTONCharactersandCharacterisationinRaeburnandArtist'sTrainingintheRaeburnfsPortraits18thCenturyThursday6Nov.,13.10Thursday13Nov.,13.10NICHOLASPH1LLIPSONMARTINPOSTLEExhibitionTimesMonday-Saturday10.00~17.45Sunday12.00-17.45Lastadmissiontotheexhibition:17.15.Theisnore-admission.Closed:24-26Decemberand1JanuaryAdmission£4.Childrenunder12yearsaccompaniedbyanadultareadmittedfree.SchoolsandCollegesAspeciallowentrancechargeof£2perpersonisavailabletoallinfull-timeeducation,uptoandincludingthoseatfirstdegreelevel,inorganisedgroupswithteachers.21.WhatistherighttimeforattendingRaeburnfsEnglishContemporarie5?A.Sun.26Oct.B.Thurs.30Oct.C.Thurs.6Nov.D.Thurs.13Nov.22.Howmuchwouldacouplewithtwochildrenunder12payforadmission?A.£4.B.£8.C.£12.D.£16.

523.Howcanfull-timestudentsgetgroupdiscounts?A.TheyshouldgoonSundaymornings.B.Theyshouldcomefromartschools.C.Theymustbeledbyteachers.D.TheymusthaveIDcardswiththem.BIn1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,N.Y.DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwoodtraveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaone-roomschoolhouse.ThegirlshadgonetoSmithCollege.Theyworeexpensiveclothes.SoforthemtomovetoElkhead,Colo,toinstructthechildrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.TheirstayinElkheadisthesubjectofNothingDaunted'.TheUnexpectedEducationofTwoSocietyGirlsintheWestbyDorothyWickenden,whoisamagazineeditorandDorothyWoodruff'sgranddaughter.Whydidtheygothen?Well,theywantedtodosomethinguseful.Soon,however,theyrealizedwhattheyhadundertaken.Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.Somemornings,RosamondandDorothywouldarriveattheschoolhousetofindthechildrenweepingfromthecold.Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.InWickenden,sbook,sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism,whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls'decisiontogotoElkhead.Ahair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailedᱫÛdrillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy'sreturntoAuburn.Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.ThesweepofthelandandthestoicismÜÝofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.HereisapictureofDorothyWoodruff,onherhorse,lookingdownfromahilltop:"Whenthesunslippedbehindthemountains,itshedarosyglowallaroundthem.Thenafull

6moonrose.Thesnowwasmarkedonlybysmallanimals:foxes,coyotes,mice,andvaryinghares,whichturnedwhiteinthewinter.”24.WhydidDorothyandRosamondgototheRockyMountains?A.Toteachinaschool.B.TostudyAmericanhistory.C.Towriteabook.D.Todosightseeing.25.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirlsfromparagraph3?A.Theyenjoyedmuchrespect.B.Theyhadaroomwithabathtub.C.Theylivedwiththelocalkids.D.Theysufferedseverehardships.26.WhichpartofWick6nden'swritingishair-raising?A.TheextremeclimateofAuburn.B.ThelivingconditionsinElkhead.C.TherailroadbuiIdingintheRockies.D.ThenaturalbeautyoftheWest.27.Whatisthetext?A.Anewsreport.B.Abookreview.C.Achildren'sstory.D.Adiaryentry.CCanasmallgroupofdronesUàáguaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?Thatistheverylikelyfutureofapplyingtoday's"eyesinthesky”technologytomakingsurethatthemillionsofkilometresofrailtracksandinfrastructureâẠäåworldwidearesafefortrainsona24/7basis.Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh-tensionelectricallines.Theycoulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervital

7aspectsofrailinfrastructuresuchasthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.Themoreregularlytheycanbeinspected,themorerailwaysafety,reliabilityandon-timeperformancewillbeimproved.Costswouldbecutandoperationswouldbemoreefficientᦔacrosstheboard.Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailwaypersonnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdronesassistingthecrews'efforts.Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher-valueservicesforrailways,detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.Toperformthesetasks,dronesforraildon,tneedtobeflyingoverhead.Engineersarenowworkingonanewconcept:theraildronesofthefuture.Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain,andprogrammedtorunautonomously.VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIandtravellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldsignalanyproblem,sothatfastçmovingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.28.Whatmakestheapplicationofdronestoraillinespossible?A.Theuseofdronesincheckingonpowerlines.B.Drones'abilitytoworkathighaltitudes.C.Thereductionofcostindesigningdrones.D.Drones'reliableperformanceinremoteareas.29.Whatdoes“maintenance“underlinedinparagraph3referto?A.Personnelsafety.B.Assistancefromdrones.C.Inspectionandrepair.D.Constructionofinfrastructure.30.Whatfunctionisexpectedoftheraildrones?

8A.Toprovideearlywarning.B.Tomaketrainsrunautomatically.C.Toearnprofitsforthecrews.D.Toacceleratetransportation.31.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhatFaultsCanBeDetectedwithDronesB.HowProductionofDronesCanBeExpandedC.WhatDifficultyDroneDevelopmentWillFaceD.HowDronesWillChangetheFutureofRailwaysDTheGovernment?ssugartaxonsoftdrinkshasbroughtinhalfasmuchmoneyasMinistersfirstpredicteditwouldgenerate,thefirstofficialdataonthepolicyhasshown.FirstannouncedinApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinkscontainingmorethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesityᨴêë.Itisbelievedthattoday'schildrenandteenagersareconsumingthreetimestherecommendedlevelofsugar,puttingthematahigherriskofthedisease.Initiallythesugartaxwasexpectedtomake£520mayearfortheTreasury.However,dataofthefirstsixmonthsshoweditwouldmakelessthanhalfthisamount.Atpresentitisexpectedtogenerate£240mfortheyearendinginApril2019,whichwillgotoschoolsports.Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheirsugarlevelscutbymanufacturersᑴ⌼ᖪsotheycanavoidpayingthetax.Drinksnowcontain45millionfewerkilosofsugarasaresultofmanufacturers?effortstoavoidthecharge,accordingtoTreasuryfigures.SinceAprildrinkscompanieshavebeenforcedtopaybetween18pand24pforeverylitreofsugarydrinktheyproduceorimport,dependingonthesugarcontent.However,somehighsugarbrands,likeClassicCocaCola,haveacceptedthesugartaxandarerefusingtochangeforfearofupsettingconsumers.Fruitjuices,milk-baseddrinksandmostalcoholicdrinksarefreeofthetax,asaresmallcompaniesmanufacturingfewerthanImlitresperyear.Today'sfigures,accordingtoonegovernmentofficial,showthepositiveinfluencethesugartaxishavingbyraisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilitiesäåandhealthiereatinginschools.Helpingthenextgeneration

9tohaveahealthyandactivechildhoodisofgreatimportance,andtheindustryisplayingitspart.32.Whywasthesugartaxintroduced?A.Tocollectmoneyforschools.B.Toimprovethequalityofdrinks.C.Toprotectchildren,shealth.D.Toencourageresearchineducation.33.Howdidsomedrinkscompaniesrespondtothesugartax?A.Theyturnedtooverseasmarkets.B.Theyraisedthepricesoftheirproducts.C.Theycutdownontheirproduction.D.Theyreducedtheirproducts'sugarcontent.34.Fromwhichofthefollowingisthesugartaxcollected?A.Mostalcoholicdrinks.B.Milk-baseddrinks.C.Fruitjuices.D.ClassicCoke.35.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheadoptionofthesugartaxpolicy?A.Itisashort-sighteddecision.B.Itisasuccessstory.C.Itbenefitsmanufacturers.D.Itupsetscustomers.]¹⁚ᐳ5:⚪t9:⚪2ᑖeᑖ10ᑖ᪷ðÒᦻᑁl{Òᦻ<Ḅ⌱⚗|⌱8ñ-ᐭó¼ᜐḄᨬ⌱⚗஺⌱⚗|ᨵc⚗õö÷⌱⚗஺Friendshipneedscareandattentiontokeepitingoodhealth.Herearefivewaystosustainøᢝlong-distancefriendships.•SetaregulardateLong-lastingfriendshipssharethecharacteristicthatbothsidesequallycontactὶüandsharewithoneanother.Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.36.•Moreisn,talwaysmerrierMakesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeachofyouwantstobecontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth.37.Therearealternativestoconstantwrittencommunication,suchasleavingvoicemessagesorhavingagroupchat.•Practiseempathyᐳý38.Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensitivetoalltheadditionaltimedemandsplacedonthefriendwhohasmoved.Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetictothefactthatyourfriendmayfeelabandoned.

1039Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong-distancefriendships.Althoughtechnologymightmakeday-to-daycommunicationpossible,extraeffortgoesalongwayonspecialdays.Simplykeepingadiarythatkeepstrackoffriends,birthdaysandotherimportantdateswillmakesurenothingslipsbyyou.•Don'trelyontechnologyalone40,butlong-distancefriendships-evencloseones-mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain.Trytoseekoutchancestorenewfriendships.Howtodoit?Justspendface-to-facetimetogetherwheneverpossible.A.RememberimportantdatesB.CompensatebywritinglettersC.ItisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeperD.TrytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoitE.FriendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofcommunicationF.ItiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmediaG.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind]^ᑖþÿ
ᵨᐳ⁚ᑖ45ᑖ⁚ᐳ20⚪⚪L5ᑖᑖ30ᑖ▅☢ᦻᦻᔜ⚪ᡠ"ḄAஹBஹC(D*+⌱⚗.⌱/012ᐭ45ᜐḄᨬ8⌱⚗஺Youngchildrenacrosstheglobeenjoyplayinggamesofhideandseek.Forthem,there,ssomethinghighlyexcitingabout_41_someoneelse'sglanceandmakingoneselfunabletobeseen.However,weallwitnessthatpreschoolchildrenareremarkably_42_athiding.Theyoftencoveronlytheireyeswiththeirhands,leavingtherestoftheirbodies_43—.Foralongtime,thisineffectivehidingmethodwas_44—asevidencethatchildrenarehopelessly“egocentric”^ᡃ.`Ḅcreatures.Butour_45_researchresultsinchilddevelopmentalpsychology_46_thatidea.Webroughtyoungchildrenaged2-4intoourMindsinDevelopmentLabatUSC.Each_47_satdownwithanadultwhocoveredherowneyesor_48—.Wethenaskedthechildifshecould_49_orheartheadult.Surprisingly,

11childrenrepliedthattheycouldn,t.Thesame_50_happenedwhentheadultcoveredherownmouth:_51_childrensaidthattheycouldn,t_52—toher.Anumberof_53—ruledoutthatthechildrenmisunderstoodwhattheywerebeingasked.Theresultswereclear:Ouryoungsubjects_54_thequestionsandknew_55whatwasaskedofthem.Their_56_tothequestionsreflectedtheirtrue_57—that“Icanseeyouonlyifyoucanseeme,too."Theysimply_58_mutualopḄrecognitionandregard.Our_59_suggestwhenachild“hides”byputtingablanketoverherhead,itisnotaresultofegocentrism.Infact,childrenconsiderthismethod60_whenothersuseit.41.A.followingB.takingC.escapingD.directing42.A.cleverB.badC.scaredD.quick43.A.exposedB.examinedC.untouchedD.imbalanced44.A.supportedB.guaranteedC.imaginedD.interpreted45.A.disappointingB.mixedC.surprisingD.desired46.A.explainedB.confirmedC.contradictedD.tested47.A.parentB.childC.researcherD.doctor48.A.feetB.noseC.handsD.ears49.A.seeB.helpC.reachD.fool50.A.eventB.thingC.actionD.accident51.A.YetB.NowC.SoonD.Once52.A.speakB.listenC.turnD.wave

1253.A.instructionsB.descriptionsC.experimentsD.assumptions54.A.comprehendedB.predictedC.exploredD.ignored55.A.partlyB.honestlyC.vaguelyD.exactly56.A.responsesB.approachesC.contributionD.sensitivity57.A.abilityB.beliefC.identityD.purpose58.A.holdbackB.relatetoC.insistonD.makeup59.A.limitationsB.requirementsC.theoriesD.findings60.A.tentativeB.impressiveC.creativeD.effectiver⁚ᐳ10⚪⚪L5ᑖᑖ15ᑖ▅☢ᦻᙠ45ᜐ2ᐭ1+〉uḄᓫwᡈyzᑁᓫwḄ|}~஺May21stthisyearmarksthefirstInternationalTeaDay,whichwasnamedofficially_61theUnitedNationsonNovember27th,2019.Tocelebrate___62_festival,anumberofeventstookplaceattheChineseBusinessmanMuseuminBeijingonThursday.ThechairmanoftheChinaCulturePromotionSociety_63_(address)theopeningceremony."AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthe_64—(large)tea-producingcountry,Chinahasa—65(responsible)toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywitha_66__(share)futureformankind,“hesaid.The“FirstInternationalTeaDayTeaRoadCooperativeInitiative“issued()attheceremonycallsforpeopleworkingintheteaindustrytocometogethertopromoteinternationalcooperation___67___culturalexchanges.Afour-yearteapromotionTeaRoadCooperativePlan—wasalsoissuedinaccordancewiththeinitiative.

1368_strengthentheconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,_69invitetwenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiledattheceremony,opening70—itfirstexhibition:TheAvenueofTruth-ASpecialExhibitionofPu'erTea.*ᑖᑏᐳ⁚ᑖ35ᑖ⁚ᦻᦋ┯ᐳ10⚪⚪1ᑖᑖ10ᑖᎷὁ⌕ᣚᦋᦻᦋᑏḄ1ᦻᦻ.ᐳᨵ10ᜐ¢┯£¤.ᨬ¥ᨵᜐ஺ᜐ┯£¦§¨+ᓫwḄ©ªஹᑤ◀ᡈᦋ஺©ªᙠ®wᜐª+¯°±zO,²ᙠᐸ☢ᑏ/´ªḄw஺ᑤ◀µ¥¶Ḅwᵨ·¸/ᑜᣵ஺ᦋᙠ┯Ḅwᑜ¼¸²ᙠ´w☢ᑏ/ᦋḄw஺½¾Lᜐ┯£¨ᐸᦋᙳ¦▲w2.ÁᐕÃᦋ10ᜐ¥ὅ11ᜐÅÆÇᑖ஺Weallknowthatcyclingisagreatlyexercise.Adoctortellsmepeoplewholivesthelongestaredancersandcyclists.Maybeitisbecausethecombinationoffreshair,smoothmovementandexercise.Whetheryourideabicycle,youdon,tusepetrol.Sotheyarenotproducingcarbondioxideandnotcauseairpollution.Justseehowcarshavebeentakenoverourcities.Theyoftenrunathighspeeds,whatmayputourlivesindanger.Andthereweretrafficjams,too.Ourcitieswillbebetterplacesifwereplacecarswithbicycle.r⁚É☢⊤Ëᑖ25ᑖÌ᪥ᦻÎ|ᙠÏÐ1LearningEnglishBeyondtheClassroomÑ⚪ḄÒÓ஺ÔᵨÕ⊤.ḄÖ×ØÙᑏÚᦻᢗÜᑁÝᒹy1.Ìßàáâãäå2.æᓫçÓ3.Ḅèé஺

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1811.ᓄᔠᱥ(YWXsZgZWzZ)_ᵨiᵯkᘤᩞஹopqᴻḄᑴ⌼.WஹXஹYஹZtuᕜwᐗyz{|ᦪ~Mt21.YZ2ᑖ{Ḅᵯ{ᦪt᜻ᦪtBC.ᓄᔠᱥḄ)᝞ᡠᙠ20()࠷)ᑖ;4ឋBC⍎.ᑡ|ᦪḄ^()A.WஹXஹYஹZḄᓫᙳtBCB.ᨬᓄᱥḄᓄᱥ⏚ឋY2)Íᵯ¨ÎÏᐙᵯ.ᑡÐÑ┯ÓḄ^()

19TVMM光金充充催属电电化锂电极ÔrÕᣚ×A.ᐙᵯᵯ¨ḄabLi2O2=2Li+C)2B.ᐙᵯᦔ᳛Úᐝ᯿A:Ḅᵯ{MÇÈᨵᐵC.ÜᵯLFÝ᩽ÞÔ{ÕᣚVᔣß᩽àáD.Üᵯ᩽9:ab஺2+2Y++26À=Y2஺213.Àᐗ⏚HAḄKa(HA)=1.0x10-3.ᙠåCæH+ÚÔ{KªÞ◞V8ᵯÔḄHA_èᵫÞV(᝞ᡠ).
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