2021执业医师考前必背

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Mvwᑴyz{஺|ᶭ~;OᑺஹỚᑺஹTஹᢙᵬMO6.ᜐᳮᐜᓷᑭjᔾ!z4-5ᜩ7.ᵬuឋdᨬ஺yὁ஺✌⌱᪶Ớ131|ᶭ஺8.ᵬuᔠᕜ¥ឋ¦§¨ᜧ©ᑖªᵱឋ☘ஹªP®ឋ⊡®ᓽ±஺ὃ³153ᵬ´Lµ¶·¸¹º᝞᫑½ᵬMO¾¿2.ÀÁTT4ஹTT3ஹFT4ஹFT3ÂP,TSHÄ`;3.ÆÇᵬ´ÈᨵÊËឋឋÌ%ºᡈὅÏпÑÒÓᓻÔ.4.|ᶭÕÖᵬMOᱏ஺ὃ³154ØញឋᵬMO¾1.ÆÇ1311ᑖÙÚ_ஹÛÜ2.|ᶭᢙÝᦔ✌⌱ᵬMOஹTὃ³155ᓫàឋᵬMO%1.ÆÇáâឋãäឋ%ᜧஹᑁᑖåæç2.|ᶭ

110☘᧡¥◤⌕êÄë஺|ᶭìêᵬMOᓫàឋãäឋíîïỚ஺|ᶭ⊡Ớ஺ðᝣᔠᓫàឋᵬMO%ᵨóᱥᶭõ஺ὃ³156ᵬMOö1.ᳮজᨬ÷ᜮMöঝូឋᨬ`vᑖᓄöঞᑖåÂ┛û᪵öটᨬ᧕þÿ⚠2.জᓻঝᓻ(<15y,>45y)ᐰᑗᐰᑗঞᵬ⁚┐ᔾ!"#஺ὃ&157ᵬ'()*+1.,-┛⊈012┛34ὃ&158567ᔠ91.ᑖ;জ56<ঝᚖ>ACTHᑖ?@A1᝞ᚖ>᷈

111ঞD56

1123._ᶭ✌⌱1r4mµஹ¶·¸ஹ¹ºὃ&162¥u<1.klজjuஹj»ஹj¼ஹ>½¾[¿jÀÁ^ঝÂ7ᔠ0ÃÄ1⊈m1⊈¥1⊈ᾦÆÇ2.,-জOGTT[ÈÉℍ⃔¥ὊAPQ^2HªᜧÍll.lmmol/LঝÎÏ⊈¥ᡈ⚶ÑᜧÍU.lmmol/L,¥ᓄ⊈ÒÓÔÕÖ×᧜Ù⊈r8Ú12ᕜḄ⊈¥ÜÝ1qᑴᙠHÍ6.5%3.ᑖßজ1ߥu<àáâã+☘Áå஺ঝ2ߥu<ædÍ40çèFḄᡂåê+ÃÄ4.ញឋìd0-¥uᙳü□ឋ஺ট_ᶭHᑺAàá0.1U/kg.h
ஹ⊡ஹ5.ញឋ-⊈ᔠজஹ᜜ஹঝ!"#$%ᕈ'□ឋஹ⊈33.3mmol/Lঞ*ᶭ,DKA

1136.᠒ឋজᜧ⊈0123ᾯ⊈051627#1ᨬ9⌕;<=ঝ#1>1?@>1AᵨACEIஹARBᨵᑭE>FGHIJKLM#ঞ#1ឋNO12PᕜRNOSᨬTUট#1WXYNO12ஹZ[\⊈]Wஹ^_I`aWbcdஹ[efgঠ#1ijk12?@lmn7ijk12o@p⊈0᷈20rPZsItᨵu⊈v@p⊈0᷈mwIu⊈ᨵxឋuy@uz{|}~ឋu@mnឋijk12@⊈0ᡂIᴻ%⊈o@ᓄᱥm@ឋijkῃIᜫ7.*ᶭ1ᑴJuImℍ⃔ᑭᵨIᦋᗐIᢓᑴᑖ〉ᵨ¡¢Ḅ27#1¤ὅ¦§¨©ᱥs]ª«A¬⏚ឋ⏚®¯2°᱐¦ᑡ³sᑴ´µ¶·¸ᑖ¹஺3³ᑡ᜼ᑴl°¼´¶·¸ᑖ¹ᑺ

114ᱯ¿aᦔÁஹÂᵨÃÄŦ4
*ℍ⃔᧖⏘ᢓᑴᑺ¦ÉsᑴÊËÌÍᓄᔠᱥᔾᦈIÐÑ⚶Ó⊈〉ᵨ⚶Ó⊈5
ÔÕÖ×$ᑴ¶·¸mØஹᦋᗐ¶·¸Ùᢙ〉ᵨ¶·¸ÙᢙḄ27#1¤ὅ]ÛᵨE3ÜÝv13Þ¦NYHAᑖÞs¤ὅ6
¶·¸জ〉Aß17ஹàá#1ஹ27©ᱥâᑴ]ãஹញឋஹஹR@ঝäᨌæῳ⊈ItÝ=SomogyiᦔAèéêᨵÑ⊈Ië«Aឋ⊈èz춷¸ḄÙᢙí¸ᑖ¹mwIè§îឋ⊈ὃ¿163Ñ⊈1.1¶·¸᷈¦TUs2.ðñWhippleòὶÑ⊈}ஹÂÃ⊈ÑE2.8mmol/LஹôEℍ⃔Óõö÷ø3.*ᶭ1*ᶭὃ¿164⏚ùú⊝1.üឋýÍজ1ញឋ%þᜫIÿ


115ঝ⊈Na135-145
஺ঞᶭ⊝2.ឋজᑭ!ᑺঝ⊈NaV135ঞᶭ#ᡈ5%%ᓄ'3.#ឋজ᤬ᐭ*+ஹ#-ᜧ/0ஹ!12ঝ⊈Na>150஺ঞᶭ5%ℍ⃔55ᡈὅ0.45%Ḅ%ᓄ'4.8⊈2জ9:;<=
>ஹ?@ABC⁚EFGHIJ>ঝ⊈K8V3.5mmo/LஹLMឋNOPஹQRᑁ⏚OPUVឋ⏚ឋ!WGᵯY
/ZT[\ஹ/ZU[ঞᶭᶭW⊡8^ᜩ*`200mmol,ab20-40mmol/h,c!⊡85.#8⊈2জ9:db◫fஹΎVhi⌨ᡈkᜫWmn/ZopឋqrWstឋGupஹvw?@ABᡈxaឋGEᜫᨬᓻ◅w|>ঝ⊈8>5.5mmol/L,GᵯY
T[#}~ঞᶭ┐ᜐᳮWᵨ8ᱥW⊡Nஹ5ஹℍ⃔5⏚┛┛8ᢙ>ஹ□ᣚ᪛ᾦஹ᪆6.LMឋ⏚OPজ:

116NឋᱥᜫWῳஹkᓄ⍝⏚ឋᱥ¡ញឋ£¤⊦¦ஹ§¨©ஹª⏚ᜧ¡«¬*ᐰঝ9:¯ᜧ°ᔾKussmaul°ᔾ>ᨬ²/>ஹᨵ´ᕡWGE*¶ஹ·¸ঞ:pH<7.35,HC03-ஹBENᒕº>CPaC02\টᶭ.⊡Nᢣ½HCO3-<15mmol/L,pH<7.2,☟ᾭÀÁ⏚Â'7.LMឋNOPজÃÄᜫW᝞ÆÇᕏᔢNឋᱥ᤬ᐭW᝞ÊËNឋᱥஹᜧÌÍ⊈ÀÎÏ8ஹᑭ!ᑺঝ9:dὅ<ÐÑ2ÒWÇὅᨵ°ᔾÓ}᠒WᡈÕÖÖ×Ø☢ḄFW᝞ÚṑஹÕÖ┯ÝঞᶭÞßN᤬ᐭWàᵨ᣸8ឋᑭ!ᡈâãäfåឋæçÎè⊡8Wé᩽ᜐᳮëì஺8.┛⊈2জᔾᦈiîï¡Dðஹᵬòiஹ᠒ឋ«⊦¦┛kὑåញឋôõஹូឋ÷᷈ᡂúឋûü>ঝ9:Ö×;ᾙᐶÿឋ
ᕜஹᢣᩈஹ┐᪵ஹᤊஹΎஹChvostek□ឋQT!ST"#$%&┛ᓻ)*V0.88mmol/L
+ᾙ-.ஹ/0ஹ12ஹᗕ-.ஹ4567

117ঞ:;⊈┛2.25mmol/Lট>ᶭ@A⊡┛10%ℍ⃔E⏚┛10-20mlᡈὅIᓄ┛$&┛ὅKL┛ᑺᡈὅNOPD39.┛⊈A⊈┛RS2.75mmol/LজUVᵬXYZ[\Aஹ]^ẚ`ஹNOPDabঝdefghiஹᜫḨஹΎlmஹ+inoKpqrstuvw஺]ஹᶚzஹUᳮឋ]ᢚ஺4+ᐶ~ឋ
K4ᜫKQ-Tঞ:;K⊈s┛275mmol/Lট>ᶭUV>ᶭஹᢝᶭஹo┛>ᶭ*
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