四川省乐山市2022-2023学年高二下学期开学考试英语（解析版）

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乐山市高中2024届教学质量检测英语试卷(本试卷共10页，满分150分。考试时间120分钟)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.15.C.£9.18.答案是B.1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whichanimalisinthefield?A.Asheep.B.Acow.C.Ahorse.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Whatisinthatfieldoverthere?Ithinkitisasheep.W:Iseeit.No,it’sactuallyacow.Iwishwewouldseeahorse.I’vealwayswantedtorideone!2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheproblem?A.Thewomandoesn’tlikeorangejuice.B.Themanwaslookingfororangejuice.C.Themanbrokethecontainerofjuice.【答案】C【解析】【原文】3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdidthemanwininhisdream?A.Aholiday.B.Anewcar.C.Somemoney.第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

1【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:LastnightIhadaninterestingdream.IdreamedIwonacompetition.W:Oh,thatsoundscool.Whatdidyouwin,moneyoranewcar?M:Aholidayonanamazingisland.HowIwishitcouldcometrue!4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanlikebest?A.Oranges.B.Watermelons.C.Apples.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Whatwouldyouliketohavefordessert,applesororanges?W:Asfordessert,I’dliketohaveorangesratherthanapples.ButusuallyIpreferwatermelonstoanythingelse.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whichsubjectisinterestingtothewoman?A.Math.B.Chemistry.C.Physics.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Howiseverythinggoinginyourclasses?W:Well,it’salittlehardformetofolloweverythingmyteacherssay,especiallyinmymathandchemistryclasses.Ifirstthoughtphysicswouldbedifficult,butitturnsoutprettyinterestingtome.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whathappenedtotheboyinthebasketballmatch?A.Heinjuredhisleg.B.Hefailedtoscoretheball.C.Heleftthematchhalfway.7.Whywastheboydisappointed?A.Histeamlostthematch.B.Heperformedbadlyinthematch.C.Histeammatesdidn’ttreathimasahero.第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

2【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】W:Tellmeaboutthebasketballmatch,John.M:Well,ourteamplayedwell.Wescoredlotsofpoints.ThenIfellandhurtmyleg,butIcarriedonplaying.Theotherteamwasreallybetterthanus,though.W:Sodidyoulose?M:No,becauseinthefinalseconds,Imanagedtogettheball,jumpuptothebasketandscore.Thatmeantwe’dwon!Ithoughtmyteammightcarrymeoutofthegymlikeahero,buttheydidn’t.SoIwasabitdisappointed.W:Well,maybenexttime.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Afamilystory.B.Agarden.C.Atravelplan.9.Wherearethetreesbythehousefrom?A.Australia.B.America.C.NewZealand.【答案】8.B9.C【解析】【原文】M:Thetreeshereinthegardenarebeautiful.Buttheydon’tlooknativetothisplace.W:Yeah.Mygrandfatherplantedthemhimself.Hegotseedsfromdifferentpartsoftheworld.TheonesbythehousearefromNewZealand.ButthetallonesinthebackgardenarefromAustralia.ThisoneinthefrontgardenisfromCalifornia,andit’smyfavoritetreetoclimb.M:Aretheflowersfromdifferentplaces,too?W:No,they’reallfromhereinFlorida.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.WhydoesDadaskthegirltogotobed?A.Theyhaveaholidaytomorrow.B.Shehastogotoschooltomorrow.C.Herexamsarecomingupnextweek.11.Whatsubjectdoesthegirlneedtostudythemost?A.Math.B.English.C.History.第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

312.Whatwillthegirldonext?A.Playvideogames.B.Reviewhertextbook.C.Gotosleep.【答案】10.B11.A12.C【解析】原文】M:Timeforbed,Susie.Christmasbreakisover,andyouhavetobeinclassat8:00tomorrow.W:ButI’mnottired,Dad.Can’tIjustplayonemorevideogame?M:It’salready10:30.W:Iknow,butIpromiseIwon’tbetired.Please?M:Don’tyouhaveexamssoon?Ifyou’regoingtostayup,shouldn’tyoubestudying?W:Oh,Iforgotallaboutthat.M:You’vebeendoingwellinEnglishandhistory,butyou’vehadproblemswithmath,haven’tyou?W:Yeah.MaybeIcangotosleepnowandthengetupearlyandlookatmymathtextbook.M:That’sagoodidea.W:Dad,canIjustplayforthirtymoreminutes?It’sthelastbitofmyholiday!M:No.W:Fine.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.HowlongdidthemanliveinSanFrancisco?A.Tenyears.B.Fiveyears.C.Oneyear.14.HowdoAmericansbehaveinrestaurants?A.Theyareveryoutgoing.B.Theyareusuallyquiet.C.Theyoftendrinkmuch.15.Wherecanoneenjoyinternationalfoodbetter?A.InAmerica.B.InChina.C.InMiddleEast.16.Whomightthewomanbe?A.Aguide.B.Ahostess.C.Atraveler.【答案】13.C14.B15.A16.B【解析】【原文】W:We’retalkingwithYangWei,whojustreturnedhometoChinaafterlivinginSanFranciscoforoneyear.WhatwouldyousayisthebiggestdifferencebetweenyourlifeinAmericaandyourlifeinChina?M:Iguessthemostobviousonewouldbethefoodculture.InBeijing,peopleeatoutalot,andpeopletendtobe第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

4muchmoreloudandoutgoinginrestaurants.Forexample,inChina,itiscommontoseepeopledrinkingandtalkingloudlyinthemiddleofarestaurant.InAmerica,however,peopleliketoenjoyaquietmeal.Ifyouaretooloud,thewaitermightcomeovertoyourtableandremindyoutokeepitdown,andtheywouldcertainlynotserveyoudrinkifyouappeareddrunk.W:Whataboutthevarietyoffood?M:ThisiswhereAmericamighthavetheadvantage.AlthoughChinesefoodisunbelievablyvaried,IwouldhavetosaythatthequalityoffoodfromallovertheworldisbetterintheStates.WhiletherearemanyAfricans,Europeans,andNorthAmericansinChina,thereareevenfewerpeoplefromtheMiddleEast,SouthAmerica,andtheCaribbean.Asaresult,itishardertofindreallygoodfoodfromthoseareas.ButAmericahasalwaysbeenacountryofimmigrants(移民),sothisisoneareainwhichitjustmightbeNo.1intheworld.W:Interestingly.Whydon’twetakesomequestionsfromtheaudience?听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatdoesthespeakerdo?A.Heisanengineer.B.Heisascientist.C.Heisabusinessman.18.Whatwasthespeaker’smajorincollege?A.Business.B.Computer.C.Marketing.19.WheredidthespeakergettheideaofstartinghiscareerinAI?A.Fromhisteacher.B.FromApple’sSiri.C.Fromafamousscientist.20.HowdopeoplefeelaboutthedevelopmentofAIaccordingtothespeaker?A.Glad.B.Worried.C.Unconcerned.【答案】17.A18.C19.B20.A【解析】【原文】M:Hello,everyone.I’manengineerfromApple.It’smygreathonortobeheretosharemyknowledgewithsomanyinternationalscientistsandbusinessowners.I’mgratefulforyourcoming.I’vespentmyentirecareertryingtoadvancethequalityofartificialintelligence,orAIforshort.Butbackincollege,ImajoredinmarketingandhadabsolutelynoideaofAIatall.SohowdidIstartmycareerinthisfield?Apple’sSiriwasthefirstapplicationofAIthatIhadeverknown.Fromthatinvention,IknewAIwouldchangetheworldoneday.Ithenputmyheartandeffortsintoit.Thatwas10yearsago.Luckily,itturnsoutthatIhavemadetherightchoice.Nowtheindustryhasmademuchprogressandisplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinpeople’slife.Thepublicnowadaysfeelsexcitedaboutitsdevelopment.AIfreesthemfromboringandlow-skilledtasks,makinglifealoteasierandmore第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

5enjoyable.ButIfeelthatwearestillintheearlydaysofAI.WeareviewingcurrentAItechnologyasweviewedcomputersinthe1990s.Thereisstillalongwaytogo.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AWouldyouliketotravelaroundtheworld,visitmuseumsanddiscoverworksofart,butneverhavethetimetodoit?Thislistisperfectforyou.TheBritishMuseum,LondonTheBritishMuseumboastsoneofthelargestonlinemuseumsintheworld.Thewebsitegivesyouaccesstoahugecollectionofmorethan8millionobjectsbutalsohowtheyhavebeendocumentedoverthecenturies.TheLouvre,ParisThismuseumoffersfreeonlineaccesstoitsimportantexhibits.Forinstance,someworksfromMichelangeloorthefamousEgyptianAntiquities.What’smore,youcantakea360-degreetourandclickwhatyoufindattractivetodiscoversomeadditionalinformation.TheVaticanMuseums,RomeAcollectionofclassicalsculpturesexhibitedbythePopesoverthecenturiesisavailableattheVaticanMuseums.Don’tmissthechancetotakeavirtualtourofMichelangelo’sceilingintheSistineChapelandoftheothericonicexhibits.TheNationalGalleryofArt,WashingtonIfyoucan’tvisitWashingtonD.C.andyou’rereallycurioustodiscoverthismuseum,useitsvirtualtoursofgalleriesandexhibits.Moreover,youcanalsolistentoaudioandwatchsomevideoofpastlectures.21.Whatisthetextabout?A.MuseumsavailablethroughtheInternet.B.Toptouristattractionsacrosstheglobe.C.Establishedmuseumswithgoodreputation.D.Onlineexhibitionsofclassicworks.22.Inwhichmuseumcanyoufindmoreinformationoftheexhibits?A.TheBritishMuseum.B.TheLouvre.C.TheVaticanMuseums.D.TheNationalGalleryofArt.23.WhatcanyoudointheNationalGalleryofArt?A.Watchdocumentaries.B.Experience3Dart.C.Designexhibits.D.Reviewpastlectures.【答案】21.A22.B23.D第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

6【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个可以通过互联网参观的博物馆。【21题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Wouldyouliketotravelaroundtheworld,visitmuseumsanddiscoverworksofart,butneverhavethetimetodoit?Thislistisperfectforyou.(你想环游世界，参观博物馆，发现艺术作品，但从来没有时间去做吗?这个清单非常适合你。)”、TheBritishMuseum,London中的“TheBritishMuseumboastsoneofthelargestonlinemuseumsintheworld.(大英博物馆拥有世界上最大的在线博物馆之一)”、TheLouvre,Paris中的“Thismuseumoffersfreeonlineaccesstoitsimportantexhibits.(这家博物馆提供免费在线参观重要展品的服务。)”、TheVaticanMuseums,Rome中的“Don’tmissthechancetotakeavirtualtourofMichelangelo’sceilingintheSistineChapelandoftheothericonicexhibits.(不要错过虚拟参观米开朗基罗在西斯廷教堂的天花板和其他标志性展品的机会。)”和TheNationalGalleryofArt,Washington中的“Ifyoucan’tvisitWashingtonD.C.andyou’rereallycurioustodiscoverthismuseum,useitsvirtualtoursofgalleriesandexhibits.(如果你不能去华盛顿特区，而你又真的很想发现这个博物馆，那就使用它的虚拟画廊和展品之旅吧。)”可知，文章主要介绍了可以通过互联网参观的博物馆。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据TheLouvre,Paris中的“What’smore,youcantakea360-degreetourandclickwhatyoufindattractivetodiscoversomeadditionalinformation.(更重要的是，你可以进行360度的参观，点击你觉得有吸引力的地方来发现一些额外的信息。)”可知，可以在卢浮宫博物馆找到更多关于展品的信息。故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据TheNationalGalleryofArt,Washington中的“Moreover,youcanalsolistentoaudioandwatchsomevideoofpastlectures.(此外，你还可以听音频和观看一些过去讲座的视频。)”可知，在华盛顿国家美术馆可以回顾过去的讲座。故选D。BAshakinghead,newheartcoloursandafamiliargooseareamonganewgroupofemojis(表情符号)settobereleased(发布)thisyear.UnicodeConsortiumlistcontainsonly31newemojis,muchsmallerthanlastyear’s112emojis,whichincludedpregnantpeopleandalowbatterysign.ThegooseemojihasdrawncomparisonstothehitgameUntitledGooseGame,whereplayerstakecontrolofahorriblegoose.Thereleasehasgainedamostlypositiveresponseonline.ThechosenemojisareselectedbyUnicodeConsortium,anon-profitorganizationinCalifornia.KeithBroni,editorinchiefofEmojipedia,said“TheUnicodeemojisubcommitteewanttotakemoretimetoconsiderwhat第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

7symbolswecanaddtorepresentwhatweknoworexperienceswehavehad—thingslikeashakingfaceorthepinkhearts.”Hementionedpeoplewereexcitedtoseethepinkheartemojifinallyincluded,buthewasparticularlyinterestedintheuseoftheshakinghead.“Itismostlikelytobeusedwhenwearementallyorphysicallyshook,”hesaid,“Butthereisalotbehindthis-howcanwecommunicatewhathappenstoapersonwhenthey’reundergoinganearthquake?Headdedthattheirdesignerprobablytookahealthyinspiration“fromthegoosevideogamefortherelevantemoji-butithasmeaningbeyondthat.“Inthecaseofthegoose,theconcept(概念)goesbacktohowweuselanguageinanexpressiveway.”Hesaid,“Whatotherthingscanwesaywiththeseemojis?HowcanweforgettheEnglishidiom’sillygoose5?”Throughtheemoji,thatEnglishlanguageidiombecomesapieceofknowledgethatcanberepresentedacrosscultures.24.Whatemojiwasinspiredbyahitgame?A.Shakinghead.B.Pregnantpeople.C.Alowbattery.D.Goose.25.What’speople’sattitudetothenewlyreleasedemojis?A.Doubtful.B.Disappointed.C.Welcome.D.Indifferent.26.Whatdoweknowabouttheselectionofnewemojis?A.Peoplevotefortheselectionofnewemojis.B.Notalltheemojiscreatedwillbeadmittedofficially.C.Designersdecidetheentryoftheemojis.D.Onlythosewidelyusedemojiscanbechosen.27.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Emojisaremorethanawayofdailyexpression.B.Englishidiomsfoundtheirwaythroughemojis.C.Differentculturesmaycontainthesameexpression.D.TheGooseemojioriginatedfromthephrase“sillygoose”.【答案】24.D25.C26.B27.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了今年将发布的一组新的表情符号。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ThegooseemojihasdrawncomparisonstothehitgameUntitledGooseGame,whereplayerstakecontrolofahorriblegoose.Thereleasehasgainedamostlypositiveresponseonline.(鹅的表情符号被比作热门游戏《鹅作剧》，玩家在游戏中控制一只可怕的鹅。这部电影的发布在网上得到了积极的回应。)”可知，鹅的表情符号是受热门游戏启发的。故选D。第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

8【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Hementionedpeoplewereexcitedtoseethepinkheartemojifinallyincluded,buthewasparticularlyinterestedintheuseoftheshakinghead.(他提到，人们很高兴看到粉红色的心形表情最终加入，但他对摇头的使用特别感兴趣。)”可推断，人们对新发布的表情包持欢迎态度。故选C。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“ThechosenemojisareselectedbyUnicodeConsortium,anon-profitorganizationinCalifornia.(被选中的表情符号是由加州的非营利组织统一码联盟挑选的。)”可推断，并不是所有的表情符号都会被官方认可。故选B。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Headdedthattheirdesignerprobablytookahealthyinspiration“fromthegoosevideogamefortherelevantemoji-butithasmeaningbeyondthat.“Inthecaseofthegoose,theconcept(概念)goesbacktohowweuselanguageinanexpressiveway.”Hesaid,“Whatotherthingscanwesaywiththeseemojis?HowcanweforgettheEnglishidiom’sillygoose5?”Throughtheemoji,thatEnglishlanguageidiombecomesapieceofknowledgethatcanberepresentedacrosscultures.(他补充说，他们的设计师可能从“鹅”电子游戏中获得了相关表情符号的灵感，但它的含义不止于此。“以鹅为例，这个概念可以追溯到我们如何以表达的方式使用语言。”他说，“我们还能用这些表情符号表达什么?我们怎么能忘记英语成语‘呆头鹅’呢?”通过表情符号，英语习语成为了一种跨文化的知识。)”可推断，表情符号不仅仅是一种日常表达方式。故选A。CWhenyouencounteranimals,doyouwonderwhatthey’rethinking?Seeinganewbornlamboracutepuppymightarousehappyemotions(情感)inus,butwhataretheythinking?Doesthelookontheirfaceandhowtheybehaveindicatehowthey’refeeling-oraretheyfeelingnothingatall?Humanshaveacomplexrangeoffeelings,butit’shardtotellwhat’sgoingoninsidetheheadsofanimals.Someofusowndogsbecausetheyaregoodcompanions,areloyalandseemtoconnectwithus.Wemighteventhinktheyloveus.ProfessorKimBard,anexpertincomparativedevelopmentalpsychologyfromtheUniversityofPortsmouth,toldtheBBC:“Wehaveafewstudiesnowthatactuallyshowscientificallythatsomedogswillrespondwhentheirowner-butnotastranger-pretendstocry.”Theempatheticabilityofcats,however,ishardertoworkout.Othernon-domesticated(非驯养的)animalsmighthavefeelingstoo.Giraffesandwhales,forexample,areknowntoexperiencesadnesswhensomeoneintheirgroupdies.It’sbelievedthateventinycreatureslikeinsectsmighthaveemotionsaswell.Researchisbeginningtoshowtheyexperienceawiderangeoffeelings.Kimsays第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

9“theycanbeoptimistic,pessimistic,orfrightened,andrespondtopainjustlikeanymammalwould.”DrBarbaraJKing,EmeritaProfessorofAnthropologyattheCollegeofWilliamandMary,toldtheBBC:“Ifweunderstandtheprofounddepthsofemotionsanimalscanfeel,thisshouldmakeusquestiontheexistenceofzoosandslaughterhouses(屠宰场)aroundtheworld,andrethinkthosesystems.Itdoesseemallcreaturesfeelemotion,butwhatisnotclearisdotheyfeelthesamewayasus?”28.What’sthepurposeofraisingquestionsinthefirstparagraph?A.Toentertain.B.Toinspire.C.Toappeal.D.Topersuade.29.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“empatheticability“inparagraph2mean?A.Theabilitytorespondtoothers’questions.B.Theabilitytounderstandothers’feelings.C.Theabilitytostaycalmwhenfacingdanger.D.Theabilitytoshareworkwiththeirowners.30.What’stheimportanceoftheresearch,accordingtoBarbara?A.Itmayreducethetimesofpeoplevisitingzoos.B.Itmaychangethefoodchainofthewholeworld.C.Itmaycausezoosandslaughterhousestodisappear.D.Itmayleadpeopletoreconsideranimals’well-being.31.Howdotheresearcherssoundwhentalkingabouttheissue?A.Careful.B.Certain.C.Critical.D.Regretful.【答案】28.C29.B30.D31.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章对动物是否会有情感和感受以及何种动物会拥有情感和感受进行了探究。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Whenyouencounteranimals,doyouwonderwhatthey’rethinking?Seeinganewbornlamboracutepuppymightarousehappyemotions(情感)inus,butwhataretheythinking?Doesthelookontheirfaceandhowtheybehaveindicatehowthey’refeeling-oraretheyfeelingnothingatall?(当你遇到动物时，你想知道它们在想什么吗?看到一只刚出生的小羊羔或一只可爱的小狗可能会让我们产生快乐的情绪，但它们在想什么呢?他们脸上的表情和行为是否表明了他们的感受——还是他们根本没有感觉?)”可推断，第一段提出问题的目的是引起读者的兴趣。故选C。【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词前句“ProfessorKimBard,anexpertincomparativedevelopmentalpsychologyfromtheUniversityofPortsmouth,toldtheBBC:“Wehaveafewstudiesnowthatactuallyshowscientificallythatsomedogswillrespondwhentheirowner-butnotastranger-pretendstocry.”(朴茨茅斯大学比较发展心理学专家金·巴德教授告诉BBC：“我们现在有一些研究实际上科学地表明，当主人（而不是陌生人）假装哭泣时，一些狗会做出反应。”)第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

10”可知，这里指猫理解他人感受的能力比狗理解他人感受的能力更难研究。所以empatheticability为“理解他人感受的能力”。故选B。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“DrBarbaraJKing,EmeritaProfessorofAnthropologyattheCollegeofWilliamandMary,toldtheBBC:“Ifweunderstandtheprofounddepthsofemotionsanimalscanfeel,thisshouldmakeusquestiontheexistenceofzoosandslaughterhouses(屠宰场)aroundtheworld,andrethinkthosesystems.Itdoesseemallcreaturesfeelemotion,butwhatisnotclearisdotheyfeelthesamewayasus?”(威廉玛丽学院人类学名誉教授芭芭拉·J·金博士在接受BBC采访时表示：“如果我们了解动物情感的深度，我们应该会质疑世界各地动物园和屠宰场的存在，并重新思考这些系统。似乎所有的生物都有情感，但不清楚的是它们是否和我们有同样的感受?”)”可推断，芭芭拉认为这项研究的重要性是可能导致人们重新考虑动物的福祉。故选D。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Itdoesseemallcreaturesfeelemotion,butwhatisnotclearisdotheyfeelthesamewayasus(似乎所有的生物都有情感，但不清楚的是它们是否和我们有同样的感受?)”可推断，当研究人员谈论这个问题时，他们听起来是慎重的。故选A。DMostofuswanttogetinshapeandbehealthy.Formanyofusnutrition(营养)andwatchingwhatweeatisanimportantwaytostayhealthy.Butwhenitcomestofood,whatiscaloriecounting,andwhatarethepositivesandnegativesofit?AlawintheUKcameintoforceinApril2022thatrequiresrestaurants,takeaways,andcafestodisplaythecalorieinformationofnon-pre-packedfoodandsoftdrinksontheirmenus.It’sastrategyaimedtodealwithobesity(肥胖)andgivepeopleamoreinformedchoiceofwhatgoesdownintotheirstomachs.Beingabletocountcaloriesandknowhowmuchwecaneatisagreatwaytotryandstayontrackwithourdiet.However,therearesomedisbelieverswhenitcomestocaloriecounting.200caloriesoffreshfruitand200caloriesofjunkfood,forexamplecookies,havethesamecaloricvalue.However,thereisaquestionofthehealthbenefitsofwhatyou’reeating,regardlessofcalories.WhilefreshfruitlikeapplescontainsthingslikevitaminC,junkfoodcouldcontainanunhealthylevelofsugarandfats.Likewise(同样地),fruitmayfillyouupandleaveyounotwantingmorefoodforlongerthanabiscuitwithequalcalories-meaning,overall,youeatless.Simplycountingcalories,whileusefulforweightloss,doesn’ttakeintoaccountyourintakeofgoodfats,carbohydrates,andproteins-thingsthatyourbodyneeds.So,ifyou’retryingtosticktoalow-carbondiet,justlookingatnumbersofcaloriesonamenuwon’tbethatuseful.So,alwaysbemindfulthatwhatyou’reeatingispartofahealthybalanceddiet.第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

1132.What’stheaimofthenewly-passedlawintheUK?A.Toensurefoodsecurity.B.Todirectthefoodindustry.C.Tohelpreduceobesity.D.Togettoughwiththebusinessmen.33.Whatopiniondodisbelievershold?A.Caloriealonedoesn’tcontributetohealth.B.Junkfoodhasmorecaloriesthanfreshfruit.C.Lesscaloriesmeanlessfoodinyourstomach.D.Sugarandfatsaremoreharmfulthancalories.34.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.Thebestwaytokeepinshape.B.AresearchresultofobesityintheUK.C.Nutritionanditshealthbenefit.D.Opinionsandcommentsoncaloriecounting.35.Fromwhichsectionofamagazineisthistextmostlikelytaken?A.Entertainment.B.Lifestyle.C.Finance.D.Education.【答案】32.C33.A34.D35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了考虑到健康问题，我们是否应该计算卡路里。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“AlawintheUKcameintoforceinApril2022thatrequiresrestaurants,takeaways,andcafestodisplaythecalorieinformationofnon-pre-packedfoodandsoftdrinksontheirmenus.It’sastrategyaimedtodealwithobesity(肥胖)andgivepeopleamoreinformedchoiceofwhatgoesdownintotheirstomachs.(英国一项法律于2022年4月生效，要求餐馆、外卖和咖啡馆在菜单上显示非预包装食品和软饮料的卡路里信息。这是一种旨在应对肥胖的策略，让人们更明智地选择哪些食物进入了他们的胃。)”可知，英国新通过的这项法律的目的是帮助减少肥胖。故选C。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“However,therearesomedisbelieverswhenitcomestocaloriecounting.200caloriesoffreshfruitand200caloriesofjunkfood,forexamplecookies,havethesamecaloricvalue.However,thereisaquestionofthehealthbenefitsofwhatyou’reeating,regardlessofcalories.(然而，有一些人不相信计算卡路里。200卡路里的新鲜水果和200卡路里的垃圾食品(如饼干)具有相同的热值。然而，不管卡路里多少，你所吃的东西对健康的益处是有问题的。)”可知，不相信的人认为热量本身对健康无益。故选A。【34题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Butwhenitcomestofood,whatiscaloriecounting,andwhatarethepositivesandnegativesofit?(但说到食物，什么是卡路里计算，它的优点和缺点是什么?)”和最后一段“Simply第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

12countingcalories,whileusefulforweightloss,doesn’ttakeintoaccountyourintakeofgoodfats,carbohydrates,andproteins-thingsthatyourbodyneeds.So,ifyou’retryingtosticktoalow-carbondiet,justlookingatnumbersofcaloriesonamenuwon’tbethatuseful.So,alwaysbemindfulthatwhatyou’reeatingispartofahealthybalanceddiet.(简单地计算卡路里，虽然对减肥有用，但没有考虑到你摄入的有益脂肪、碳水化合物和蛋白质——你身体需要的东西。所以，如果你想坚持低碳饮食，只看菜单上的卡路里数量并没有那么有用。所以，一定要记住，你所吃的是健康均衡饮食的一部分。)”可知，这篇文章主要讲的是卡路里计算的必要性和它的不足之处，从而让我们读者明了该不该计算卡路里。即关于卡路里计算的意见和评论。故选D。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据全文可知，文章主要介绍了考虑到健康问题，我们是否应该计算卡路里，与健康生活有关，从而推断，文章最有可能是从杂志的生活方式栏目选取的。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Jumpingropeispopularbutwetendtoignore(忽视)itsbenefits.____36____Astudyfoundthatcollegemenwhospent10minutesjumpingropedailyforsixweeksimprovedtheircardiovascular(心血管的)fitnessjustasmuchascollegemenwhospentthirtyminutesjoggingforthesametime.Herearesomebenefitsofjumpingrope.____37____Sincemostofyourmajormusclesareworkingwhenyoujumprope,theexercisecreatesalotofheatinthebody.Yourbodyneedstoburnmorefueltoproducethisenergy,soitburnslotsofcalories.Itburnsmorecaloriesthananyotherexercises,suchasjogging,cyclingandswimming.Improvescoordination(协调)Jumpingroperequiresgoodcoordination,especiallyasyouadvancetomoreskilledmoves.____38____Itimprovescoordinationbyrequiringseveralbodypartstocommunicateinordertocompleteonemovement.Thefeetmustjumpintimewiththewriststurninginordertocreateacontinuousjumpingmotion.ReducesinjuryriskWithyourimprovedcoordinationfromjumpingrope,you’llbelesslikelytogethurteitherduringexerciseorindailyactivities.____39____Asaresult,youaremoreagile(灵活的)andyourbodyawarenessisimprovedgreatly.Thisguaranteesfewerinjuries.ImproveshearthealthSincejumpingropegetsyourheartpumping,it’sgreatforyourcardiovascularsystemandhearthealth.第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

13JumpingropecanincreaseyourVO2Max(最大摄氧量),themeasureofthemaximumamountofoxygenapersoncanbreatheduringexercise.Thehighersomeone’sVO2max,themorecardiovascularendurance(耐受力)theyhave.Jumpingropegivesusafull-bodyworkoutwithjustonepieceofequipmentandonemove.____40____Jumptosomemusicortakeyourropetoanearbyparktoenjoythefun.A.BurnscaloriesB.ImprovesmusclesC.Itbenefitsusnotonlyphysicallybutalsomentally.D.Youcanquicklyswingtheropetwicewithineachjump.E.Itmayevenbemoreeffectivethanotherformsofexercise.F.Jumpingropeforcesyoutomoveyourupperandlowerbodytogether.G.Sojumpingropehelpsyoustaycalm,clearandfocusedineverythingyoudo.【答案】36.E37.A38.D39.F40.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了跳绳的好处。【36题详解】上文“Jumpingropeispopularbutwetendtoignore(忽视)itsbenefits(跳绳很流行，但我们往往忽视它的好处)”指出人们往往会忽视跳绳的好处，下文“Astudyfoundthatcollegemenwhospent10minutesjumpingropedailyforsixweeksimprovedtheircardiovascular(心血管的)fitnessjustasmuchascollegemenwhospentthirtyminutesjoggingforthesametime.(一项研究发现，连续六周每天花10分钟跳绳的大学男生，其心血管健康状况的改善程度不亚于同一时间每天花30分钟慢跑的大学男生。)”指出研究表明，跳绳是有好处的，所以空处应该引起下文，指出跳绳是有好处的，E项“Itmayevenbemoreeffectivethanotherformsofexercise.(它甚至可能比其他形式的锻炼更有效。)”符合，其中“It”代指上文提到的“Jumpingrope”，故选E。【37题详解】此处是本段小标题，由下文“Sincemostofyourmajormusclesareworkingwhenyoujumprope,theexercisecreatesalotofheatinthebody.Yourbodyneedstoburnmorefueltoproducethisenergy,soitburnslotsofcalories.Itburnsmorecaloriesthananyotherexercises,suchasjogging,cyclingandswimming.(由于跳绳时你的大部分主要肌肉都在工作，因此这项运动会在身体内产生大量的热量。你的身体需要燃烧更多的燃料来产生这种能量，所以它燃烧大量的卡路里。它比任何其他运动燃烧更多的卡路里，如慢跑，骑自行车和游泳。)”可知，本段主要介绍了跳绳能燃烧卡路里，A项“Burnscalories(燃烧卡路里)第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

14”适合作本段标题，故选A。【38题详解】上文“Jumpingroperequiresgoodcoordination,especiallyasyouadvancetomoreskilledmoves.(跳绳需要良好的协调性，尤其是当你进入更熟练的动作。)”指出跳绳需要良好的协调性，下文“Itimprovescoordinationbyrequiringseveralbodypartstocommunicateinordertocompleteonemovement.(它通过要求几个身体部位进行交流来完成一个动作，从而提高了协调性。)”指出跳绳时如何能提高协调性，由此可知，空处应该引起下文，描述跳绳时的具体动作，D项“Youcanquicklyswingtheropetwicewithineachjump.(你可以在每次跳跃中快速摆动两次绳子。)”符合，下文“It”代指上文的“quicklyswingtheropetwicewithineachjump”，故选D。【39题详解】下文“Asaresult,youaremoreagile(灵活的)andyourbodyawarenessisimprovedgreatly.Thisguaranteesfewerinjuries.(因此，你变得更加敏捷，你的身体意识也得到了极大的提高。这保证了更少的伤害。)”指出跳绳能使你变得更加敏捷，由此可知，空处引起下文，指出跳绳如何使你变得敏捷，空处和下文是因果关系，F项“Jumpingropeforcesyoutomoveyourupperandlowerbodytogether.(跳绳迫使你一起移动你的上半身和下半身。)”符合，故选F。【40题详解】上文“Jumpingropegivesusafull-bodyworkoutwithjustonepieceofequipmentandonemove.(跳绳只需要一个设备和一个动作，就能使我们得到全身锻炼。)”指出跳绳的好处，下文“Jumptosomemusic,ortakeyourropetoanearbyparktoenjoythefun.(伴着一些音乐跳绳，或拿着你的跳绳到附近的公园享受乐趣。)”呼吁我们要跳绳，由此可知，空处应该承接上文，继续描写跳绳的好处，C项“Itbenefitsusnotonlyphysicallybutalsomentally.(它不仅对我们的身体有益，而且对我们的精神也有益。)”符合，其中“It”代指上文提到的“Jumpingrope”，故选C。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Animalshelpliftmyspiritsinthedarkestoftimes.“Youshouldgetacat,”mytherapist(治疗师)said.“Acat?”Icouldn’tevenlookaftermyself.Itookadeep____41____andcarefullyconsideredtheideaof____42____apetfriendintomylife.WhenElainecamehome,itbecameincreasingly____43____thatshedidn’tunderstand“no”,“stopit”or“don’tdothat”.Iwasbeginningto____44____mytherapist’sadvice.第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

15Elaineusedmybedasalitterbox,andaftervisitingavet(兽医),sheconcludedthatshejustwantedmy____45____.Shefoughttoothandnailtogeta(n)____46____ofmymeals.She’d____47____lick(舔)sharpkniveswhenleftunattendedandeatanythingthatfellonthe____48____.Shestolemyheartwithherbraveryandkeptmebusier.IdecidedtostarttakingElainefor____49____,Icouldhardlyleavethehousebefore,butmyheartcouldn’tsay_____50_____toher.Elaineshowedmewhat_____51_____lookedlike.Shedidn’tstopto_____52_____thepossibleoutcomeofasituation;she_____53_____wentforit.Iftherewasadognearby,shewouldruntoward_____54_____.Shejumpedwithoutknowingwhereshewould_____55_____.Andfollowingherjourneyofadventureseveryday,Igotthesame_____56_____asshecreated.Elaine_____57_____afteramedicalaccident,leavingacat-sizedholeinmyheart.I’mnostrangerto_____58_____,butthatwasoneofmymostconfusingemotionalexperiences.Ourtimeisoftencutunpredictably,unmistakably_____59_____.Elainewassupposedtohelpmethroughmoreofmylife.Shenolongerwakesmeupat5am_____60_____forbreakfast,butshe’sstillthereasonIgetupeverymorning.41.A.lookB.restC.chanceD.breath42.A.welcomingB.carryingC.purchasingD.dragging43.A.cuteB.interestingC.obviousD.vivid44.A.followB.doubtC.likeD.seek45.A.trainingB.foodC.attentionD.punishment46.A.rewardB.biteC.predictionD.advice47.A.fearlesslyB.calmlyC.rarelyD.carelessly48A.bowlB.mealC.bedD.floor49.A.walksB.caresC.grantedD.example50.A.goodbyeB.noC.helloD.thanks51.A.decisionB.braveryC.interestD.mystery52.A.findB.predictC.considerD.accept53.A.rapidlyB.partlyC.naturallyD.simply54.A.itB.meC.thecat-houseD.thevet55.A.appearB.landC.locateD.play56.A.pridesB.problemsC.joysD.worries57.A.gotinjuredB.passedawayC.gotrecoveredD.fellill第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

1658.A.tirednessB.boredomC.terrorD.sadness59.A.shortB.magicC.permanentD.remote60.A.waitingB.payingC.beggingD.applying【答案】41.D42.A43.C44.B45.C46.B47.A48.D49.A50.B51.B52.C53.D54.A55.B56.C57.B58.D59.A60.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者在最黑暗的时候，一只名为Elaine的小猫让作者振作起来。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我深吸了一口气，仔细考虑着是否要欢迎一个宠物朋友进入我的生活。A.look外表；B.rest休息；C.chance机会；D.breath呼吸。根据后文“carefullyconsideredtheidea”可知，作者对于治疗师提出的建议认真思考，并且深呼吸。故选D。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.welcoming欢迎；B.carrying搬运；C.purchasing购买；D.dragging拽。根据前文“Youshouldgetacat”可知，作者对于治疗师提出的建议即欢迎一个宠物进入到作者的生活中，做出考虑。故选A。【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Elaine回到家后，越来越明显地发现她听不懂“不”、“停止”或“不要那样做”。A.cute可爱的；B.interesting有趣的；C.obvious明显的；D.vivid逼真的。根据后文“shedidn’tunderstand“no”,“stopit”or“don’tdothat””可知，这只小猫很明显听不懂作者的指令。故选C。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始怀疑治疗师的建议。A.follow跟随；B.doubt怀疑；C.like喜欢；D.seek寻找。根据前文“Youshouldgetacat,”以及“shedidn’tunderstand“no”,“stopit”or“don’tdothat””可知，作者的治疗师建议作者领养一只小猫，可结果小猫根本听不懂作者的指令，故作者怀疑治疗师的建议。故选B。45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Elaine把我的床当猫砂盆，看完兽医后，她的结论是她只是想引起我的注意。A.training培训；B.food食物；C.attention注意力；D.punishment惩罚。根据后文“Shefoughttoothandnailtogeta(n)____6____ofmymeals.She'd____7____lick(舔)sharpkniveswhenleftunattendedandeatanythingthatfellonthe____8____.”可知，小猫做出的种种举动只是为了吸引作者的注意力。故选C。【46题详解】第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

17考查名词词义辨析。句意：她拼命地想要吃一口我的饭菜。她会在无人看管的情况下无畏地舔锋利的刀，吃掉在地上的任何东西。A.reward回报；B.bite咬；C.prediction预测；D.advice建议。根据后文“ofmymeals”可知，小猫会吃咬作者的饭菜。故选B。【47题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她拼命地想要吃一口我的饭菜。她会在无人看管的情况下无畏地舔锋利的刀，吃掉在地上的任何东西。A.fearlessly无畏地；B.calmly冷静地；C.rarely罕见地；D.carelessly粗心地。根据后文“whenleftunattended”可知，当没人看管的情况下，小猫会毫无畏惧地舔着锋利的刀。故选A。【48题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.bowl碗；B.meal饭；C.bed床；D.floor地板。根据前文“eatanythingthatfellon”可知，小猫会吃掉在地板的东西。故选D。【49题详解】考查名词和动词词义辨析。句意：我决定开始带Elaine出去散步，以前我几乎不能离开家，但我的心无法拒绝她。A.walks散步；B.cares关心；C.granted给予；D.example例子。根据后文“Icouldhardlyleavethehousebefore”可知，作者打算带小猫出门散步，因为作者之前从不出门。故选A。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.goodbye再见；B.no不；C.hello打招呼；D.thanks感谢。根据“but”可知，前后句构成转折关系，即作者以前从不出门，但是现在无法拒绝小带着小猫出门。故选B。【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Elaine让我见识了什么是勇敢。A.decision决定；B.bravery勇敢；C.interest兴趣；D.mystery神秘。根据后文“Shedidn’tstopto____12____thepossibleoutcomeofasituation”可知，Elaine不考虑任何一种情况带来的后果，就只是简单地去做。表现勇敢，不害怕外面的各种情况。故选B。【52题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她没有停下来考虑一种情况的可能结果；她只是简单地去做。A.find找到；B.predict预测；C.consider考虑；D.accept接受。根据后文“she____13____wentforit.”可知，小猫咪不考虑任何一种情况带来的后果，就只是简单地去做。故选C。【53题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.rapidly迅速地；B.partly仅仅地，部分地；C.naturally自然地；D.simply仅仅地。根据前文“Shedidn’tstopto____12____thepossibleoutcomeofasituation;”可知，小猫咪不考虑任何一种情况带来的后果，就只是简单地去做。故选D。第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

18【54题详解】考查代词和名词词义辨析。句意：如果附近有狗，她就会跑过去。A.it它；B.me我；C.thecat-house猫窝；D.thevet宠物医院。根据前文“adog”可知，如果附近有狗，她就会跑过去。此处使用代词指代前文的“狗”。故选A。【55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她跳了下去，不考虑自己会落在哪里。A.appear出现，似乎；B.land着陆；C.locate坐落于；D.play玩。根据前文“jumped”可知，此处表示小猫咪跳起来后不考虑自己在那里落地。故选B。【56题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天跟随她的冒险之旅，我得到了她创造的同样的快乐。A.prides骄傲；B.problems问题；C.joys乐趣；D.worries担心。根据前文“Andfollowingherjourneyofadventureseveryday”可知，每天跟随她的冒险之旅，我得到了她创造的同样的快乐。故选C。【57题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Elaine在一次医疗事故后去世了，在我心中永远留下了她的位置。A.gotinjured受伤；B.passedaway去世；C.gotrecovered恢复；D.fellill生病。根据后文“amedicalaccident”以及后文“Shenolongerwakesmeupat5am____20____forbreakfast,butshe’sstillthereasonIgetupeverymorning.”可知，Elaine在一次医疗事故后去世了。故选B。【58题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对悲伤并不陌生，但那是我最困惑的情感经历之一。A.tiredness疲劳；B.boredom无聊；C.terror恐惧；D.sadness悲伤。根据前文“Elaine____17____afteramedicalaccident,leavingacat-sizedholeinmyheart.”可知，小猫咪去世后，作者感觉到非常悲伤。故选D。【59题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的时间常常被不可预测地、毫无疑问地缩短。A.short短的；B.magic魔法的；C.permanent永久的；D.remote偏僻的。根据前文“Ourtimeisoftencut”可知，我们的时间常常被不可预测地、毫无疑问地缩短。故选A。【60题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不再在早上5点把我叫醒向我乞求早餐，但她仍然是我每天早上起床的原因。A.waiting等待；B.paying支付；C.begging乞求；D.applying申请。根据“forbreakfast”可知，小猫咪以前总是在早晨五点因为讨吃早餐叫醒作者。故选C。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

19It’sreportedthatabout10%oftheglobalpopulationdonothavecleanwater.Thewatercrisishasseriouseffectsonpeople’shealth,education,and____61____(finance)situationandonthestabilityoftheircommunity.Water____62____(use)tokeepcleanandkeepingcleanisthekeytogoodhealth.Forexample,asimplecuttoachild’slegcanbetreatedbywashingit,toavoidinfections.____63____cleanwater,thatsimplecutcanbecomeaseriousmedicalcondition.Childrenwhospendalotoftimecollectingwaterarelesslikely____64____(attend)fulltimeeducation.Chancesarethatthosestudentsaren’tabletostudytothelevel____65____(require)togotocollegeoruniversity.Theproblemis____66____(particular)badforgirls,whotendtobethefamily’smembers____67____(walk)alongwaytocollectwater.Lowstandardsofeducationmake____68____muchmoredifficultforpeopletogetjobsthatarebothwell-paidandsafe.Ifthereisnomoneyfrom____69____(employ),it’sdifficultforcommunitiestodeveloptheirwatersupplyandsanitation(卫生).Waterisoftenasourceofargumentandevenwars.Thestabilityofawholeregionorevenacountrycanbeindangerbecauseofashortageofcleanwater.Todecreasetheinfluenceofthewatercrisis,theUnitedNationshasaSustainableDevelopmentGoal_____70_____specificallyreferstowaterandsanitation.【答案】61.financial62.isused63.Without64.toattend65.required66.particularly67.walking68.it69.employment70.which##that【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是水危机严重影响到人民的健康、教育和财政状况以及社区的稳定。【61题详解】考查形容词。句意：水危机严重影响到人民的健康、教育和财政状况以及社区的稳定。分析句子，设空处使用finance的形容词financial作定语，修饰名词situation，意为“财政的”。故填financial。【62题详解】第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

20考查动词时态语态。句意：水是用来保持清洁的，保持清洁是健康的关键。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语。句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。同时主语water和use之间是被动关系。故使用一般现在时的被动语态。故填isused。【63题详解】考查介词。句意：如果没有干净的水，这个简单的伤口可能会成为严重的疾病。分析句子，句中表示“没有”使用介词without，构成介词短语。同时该空置于句首，首字母大写。故填Without。【64题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：花大量时间收集水的孩子不太可能接受全日制教育。分析句子，句中belikelytodo为固定短语，意为“可能去做某事”。故填toattend。【65题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些学生很可能无法学习到进入学院或大学所要求的水平。分析句子，句中aren’t为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。句中require意为“要求”其与level之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作后置定语。故填required。【66题详解】考查副词。句意：这个问题对女孩来说尤其严重，因为她们往往是走很长一段路去取水的家庭成员。分析句子，设空处使用particular的副词particularly作状语，意为“尤其地”。故填particularly。【67题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子，句中tendtobe为谓语动词，设空处使用现在分词作后置定语。故填walking。【68题详解】考查代词。句意：低水平的教育使人们更难找到既高薪又安全的工作。分析句子，设空处缺少宾语；结合句意，不定式togetjobs是真正的宾语，应用代词it作形式宾语。故填it。【69题详解】考查名词。句意：如果没有就业收入，社区就很难发展供水和卫生设施。分析句子，设空处使用employ的名词employment作宾语，意为“就业”。故填employment。【70题详解】考查定语从句。句意：为了减少水危机的影响，联合国制定了一项可持续发展目标，具体涉及水和卫生设施。分析句子，设空处引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词aSustainableDevelopmentGoal，指物，关系词将先行词代入从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或者that引导该定语从句。故填which/that。第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

2171.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均只限一词;2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Lastsummer,Itookapartinvoluntarywork,helpingelderlypeople.Ideliveredmealstosomeoldpeoplelivealone.Nervousandexciting,Iknockedonthedoorofa90-year-oldmanonthefirstday.Tomysurprise,thereisnoanswer.Ikeptknockingunlessoneofhisneighborsturnedup,sayingtheoldmanmighthavegoneoutside.Soonthemanreturnedbutacceptedmymeal.MyexperienceshaveshownthatIcanbringjoywitholdpeople.Everyonewillfacethefactwhentheirparentsgrowolderandbecomedependentontheirchildren.ThevoluntaryworkshasincreasedmyconfidenceandIbelieveIabletohelpmorepeople.【答案】1.去掉a2.live→living3.exciting→excited4.is→was5.unless→until/till6.but→and7.with→to8.when→that9.works→work10.able前加am【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去年夏天做志愿者工作，帮助老人的故事。【详解】1.考查固定短语。句意：去年夏天，我参加了志愿工作，帮助老年人。固定短语：takepartin，意为“参加、参与”。故将a去掉。2.考查非谓语动词。句意：我给独居老人送饭。这里非谓语动词担当后置定语，和被修饰词“oldpeople”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故将live改为living。3.考查形容词。句意：第一天，我既紧张又兴奋地敲开了一位90岁老人的门。修饰人，表示“感到兴奋的”，用形容词excited。故将exciting改为excited。第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

224.考查谓语动词。句意：令我吃惊的是，竟然没有人回答。根据上下文可知，这件事发生在过去，本句应为一般过去时。故将is改为was。5.考查状语从句。句意：我不停地敲门，直到他的一个邻居来了，说老人可能出去了。这里为时间状语从句的连接词，根据句意可知，作者一直敲门到邻居来。所以用until或till。故将unless改为until或till。6.考查连词。句意：不久，那人回来接受了我的饭菜。前一动词“returned”和后一动词“accepted”之间没有转折关系，只有延续关系。故将but改为and。7.考查固定搭配。句意：我的经历表明，我可以给老人带来快乐。固定搭配：bring…to…，意为“将……带给……”。故将with改为to。8.考查同位语从句。句意：每个人都会面对这样一个事实，他们的父母变老，变得依赖他们的孩子。名词thefact之后的同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以用连接代词that引导。故将when改为that。9.考查名词的数。句意：志愿工作增加了我的信心，我相信我能够帮助更多的人。名词work意为“工作”时为不可数名词。故将works改为work。10.考查固定搭配。句意：志愿工作增加了我的信心，我相信我能够帮助更多的人。固定搭配：beableto，意为“能够做……”。根据主句时态判断从句为一般现在时，故在able前加am。第二节书面表达(满分25分)72.假定你是李华，是你校高二年级学生。你校各年级正在以“MyHighSchoolLife”为主题，举办英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：1.高中学习生活的意义；2.你的高中学习生活。注意：1.词数100左右，演讲题目和首句已你写好;2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。MyHighSchoolLifeBoysandgirls,I’mhonoredtostandheretosharewithyoumyhighschoollife.第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

23_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:MyHighSchoolLifeBoysandgirls,I’mhonoredtostandheretosharewithyoumyhighschoollife.Inmyeyes,highschoolrepresentsaphaseinourlifethatwenotonlystudymoreacademicknowledgebutalsodiscoverourselvesmoreessentially,suchasfindingoutwhatfunctionsinsidethesubjectswe’restudying,whatwearepropertobeengagedinandhowtoteamworkwithothers.ThusI’vetriedmybesttoleadmyhighschoollifetofull.Duringclasses,Ikeepacuriousmindandencouragemyselftomakeeverypointclear.Besides,Inevertakehomeworkasaburden.Instead,IholdapositiveviewthattheyaregoodchancesformetocheckwhetherImakeclearoftheknowledgeIlearned.Meanwhile,Imaintainactivesocialcommunicationswithmyclassmatesandwearenowallendeavoringforourbrightfuture!That’smyhighschoollife,thankyouforyourlisteningandhopeyoulikeit!【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇关于我的高中生活的演讲稿。【详解】1.词汇积累代表：represent→standfor忙于：beengagedin→beinvolvedin此外：besides→what’smore努力：endeavorforsth.→straineverynerveforsth.2.句式拓展同义句转化原句：Instead,IholdapositiveviewthattheyaregoodchancesformetocheckwhetherImakeclearoftheknowledgeIlearned.拓展句：Instead,IbelievethattheyaregoodchancesformetocheckwhetherImakeclearoftheknowledgeIlearned.【点睛】【高分句型1】Inmyeyes,highschoolrepresentsaphaseinourlifethatwenotonlystudymoreacademicknowledgebutalsodiscoverourselvesmoreessentially,suchasfindingoutwhatfunctionsinsidethesubjectswe’restudying,whatwearepropertobeengagedinandhowtoteamworkwithothers.（运用了that引导的同位语从句和what引导的宾语从句）【高分句型2】Instead,IholdapositiveviewthattheyaregoodchancesformetocheckwhetherImakeclear第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

24oftheknowledgeIlearned.（运用了that引导的同位语从句）第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

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