山东省日照市2021届高三上学期期末校际联合考试英语Word版含解析

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2018级高三上学期期末校际联合考试英语试题本试卷共三部分，共10页。满分120分。考试时间l00分钟。注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将答题卡上交。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhenitcomestohistoricalItaliancoffee,youcannothelpbuttalkofVenice.Itisinthiscitythatthetraditionofcoffeewasborn,andthenspreadtotherestofItaly.CaffèFlorianCaffèFlorianwasfoundedin1720.Fromthenon,thiselegantbuildinghasbeencharacterizedbyitsexclusiveproductsandguests:here,noblemen,politiciansandintellectualswouldmeet.Today,thecaféisanimportantculturalcenterwhereexhibitionsareorganized.ButitremainsanidealplacefortouristswhosimplywanttoenjoyanespressosittingatalittletableintheheartofVenice,afewstepsfromtheGrandCanal.GranCaffèQuadriAlsoinSt.Mark’sSquare,thereisanotherhistoriccaféthatsince1775hasearnedanimportantplaceamongthemany.GranCaffèQuadrirepresentsthememoryofcenturiesinthetwilight(晚期)oftheRepublicofVenice,andthebirthofthemodernage,andthesecretsofthefamouspeoplewhosatinitshalls.Eventoday,GranCaffèQuadriisafavoriteofactorsanddirectorsattendingtheVeniceFilmFestival.Harry’sBarMorerecent,butequallyfascinating,isthestoryofHarry’sBar,openedin1931anddeclaredanationalmonumentin2001.BuiltfromanoldwarehouseclosetoPiazzaSanMarco,Harry’sBarowesitsnameandexistencetotheAmericanstudentHarryPickering.Thisisnotstrictlyacoffeebar,butinsideintellectuals,artists,writerssuchasArturoToscanini,GuglielmoMarconi,CharlieChaplin,allspenttime.

1CaffèLaCalcinaMovingtothesouthernlimitofthecity,intheancientneighborhoodcalledLeZattere,wewillfindCaffèLaCalcina,anotherimportantspotthatwasameetingplaceforartistsandwritersintheearly1900s.TheplaceisnowabarandrestaurantcalledLaPiscina,inmemoryofthebathhousewithapoolthatusedtobethere.1.Wherewouldyougoifyouareinterestedinculturalevens?A.CaffèFlorian.B.GranCaffèQuadri.C.Harry’sBar.D.CaffèLaCalcina.2.Harry’sBarwasnamedafter_________.A.PiazzaSanMarcoB.anoldwarehouseC.ArturoToscaniniD.anAmericanstudent3.Whatdothecaféshaveincommon?A.Theywerepopularamongcelebrities.B.Theyareonthedeclinenowadays.C.TheyarelocatedinSt.Mark’sSquare.D.Theywerebuiltfromoldhouses.【答案】1.A2.D3.A【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了威尼斯的四个历史上有名的咖啡馆。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Today,thecaféisanimportantculturalcenterwhereexhibitionsareorganized.(今天，咖啡馆是一个重要的文化中心，展览在这里举办)”可知，现在CaffèFlorian成为了重要的文化中心。所以如果你对文化事件感兴趣你可以前往CaffèFlorian。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“BuiltfromanoldwarehouseclosetoPiazzaSanMarco,Harry’sBarowesitsnameandexistencetotheAmericanstudentHarryPickering.(Harry’sBar是在圣马可广场附近的一个旧仓库里建起来的，它的名字和存在都归功于美国学生HarryPickering)”可知，Harry’sBar的名字源自于一个美国学生HarryPickering。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“CaffèFlorianwasfoundedin1720.Fromthenon,thiselegantbuildinghasbeencharacterizedbyitsexclusiveproductsandguests:here,noblemen,politiciansandintellectualswouldmeet.(CaffèFlorian始建于1720年，从那时起，这座优雅的建筑以其独特的产品和客人为特色：贵族、政治家和知识分子将在此聚会)”、第三段“Eventoday,GranCaffèQuadriisafavoriteofactorsanddirectorsattendingtheVeniceFilmFestival.(即使在今天，GranCaffèQuadri仍然是出席威尼斯电影节的演员和导演的最爱)

2”、第四段“Thisisnotstrictlyacoffeebar,butinsideintellectuals,artists,writerssuchasArturoToscanini,GuglielmoMarconi,CharlieChaplin,allspenttime.(这不是一个严格意义上的咖啡馆，但里面的知识分子，艺术家，作家，如托斯卡尼尼，马可尼，查理卓别林，都花了时间在这儿)”以及最后一段“Movingtothesouthernlimitofthecity,intheancientneighborhoodcalledLeZattere,wewillfindCaffèLaCalcina,anotherimportantspotthatwasameetingplaceforartistsandwritersintheearly1900s.(来到城市的南部边界，在一个叫LeZattere的古老街区，我们会发现CaffèLaCalcina。这是另一个重要的地点，在20世纪早期是艺术家和作家的聚会场所)”可知，这四个咖啡馆都曾经受到名人的欢迎和喜爱。故选A。BEarthwormswerethebeginningofachildhooddreamforJaneGoodall.HermothertoldastoryofgoingtoGoodall’sroomwhenshewasoneandahalfyearsold.“She’dfoundI’dtakenawholehandfulofearthwormstobedwithme,”Goodallsaid,“andinsteadofgettingmad,shesaidveryquietly,‘They’lldieifyouleavethemhere,theyneeddirt.’Sotogetherwetookthembackintothegarden.”“Ineverwenttouniversityafterschoolbecausewecouldn’taffordit,”shesaid.Sincecollegewasimpossible,shegotasecretarialjobwithLouisLeakey,thefamedbiologist.ItwasintheSerengetiplainsthatLeakeyrealizedGoodallwascapableofmuchmorethanasecretary.“HejustsawthatIwasverypassionateaboutbeingoutinthewildernessandanimalsandthatIwasagoodobserver,”Goodallsaid.“Mostimportantofall,hecouldseeIhadpatienceandthatIknewhowtobehaveoutinthebusheventhoughIhadn’tgrownupthere.”LeakeysentGoodalltoTanzaniatoobservechimpanzees(黑猩猩)inthewildinhopesthattheirbehaviorcouldhelpexplainhisresearchonearlyhumans.Goodallwasmetwithchallengeswhenshefacedthechimpanzees.“Myfirstencounterswiththechimpanzeesweredisastrousbecausetheyranawayimmediatelyatthesightofme,”Goodallsaid.Goodallwassurprisedbythechimps’loveforoneanotherandthebondsbetweenfamilies.Shealsowassurprisedwhenshewitnessedonechimpanzeeremovingtheleavesfromasmallbranchandusingitasatooltocatchants.“Atthattime,weweredefinedastheonlytool—makingcreatureontheplanet,”Goodallsaid.GoodallsentatelegramtoLeakey,whofamouslyreplied,“Scientistsarefacedwithtwoalternatives:Eitheracceptchimpanzeesasman,bydefinition,orelseredefineman.”“Thereisnosharplinedividingusfromtherestoftheanimalkingdom,”Goodallsaid.“It’saveryblurry(模糊的)line,anditteachesussoclearlythatwearenotseparatefromtherestoftheanimalkingdom,butpartofit.”

3At86yearsold,Goodallstilliseducating,discoveringandworkingtobridgethegapbetweenmanandchimpanzee.4.ThestoryofearthwormsshowedGoodall’smotherknew______.A.howtoraiseearthwormsinthegardenB.howtotakecareofsmallcreaturesC.howtogetGoodallinterestedinanimalsD.howtogivesupporttoherdaughter5.WhatdidLouisLeakeyseeinGoodall?A.Thetalentforobservinganimals.B.Theinterestinlivinginthewilderness.C.Theabilitytohideinthebush.D.Thepatiencetolookafteranimals.6.WhichofthefollowingmayGoodallagreewith?A.Humansarecompletelydifferentfromanimals.B.Humansaretheonlyanimalstomaketools.C.Humansbelongtothewholeanimalkingdom.D.Humanshavetoacceptchimpsasmantoo.7.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Goodallfoundinterestinobservingchimps.B.Goodalldevotedherlifetostudyingchimps.C.Goodallwasinspiredbyhermothertostudychimps.D.Goodallgaveupcollegetoobserveanimalsinthewild.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了古道尔小时候喜欢研究蚯蚓，长大后善于观察动物，一生致力于研究黑猩猩。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段内容““She’dfoundI’dtakenawholehandfulofearthwormstobedwithme,”Goodallsaid,“andinsteadofgettingmad,shesaidveryquietly,‘They’lldieifyouleavethemhere,theyneeddirt.’Sotogetherwetookthembackintothegarden.””（“她发现我带了一整把蚯蚓上床睡觉，”古道尔说，“她没有生气，而是非常平静地说，‘如果你把它们留在这里，它们会死的，它们需要泥土。’所以我们一起把它们带回了花园。”）可知，当古道尔的妈妈发现她把蚯蚓带到床上时，没有生气，而是平静地告诉她蚯蚓需要泥土，由此可推断出，蚯蚓的故事表明古道尔的母亲知道如何支持女儿对动物的兴趣，而不是打击她。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段关键句““HejustsawthatIwasverypassionateaboutbeingoutinthewildernessand

4animalsandthatIwasagoodobserver,”Goodallsaid.“Mostimportantofall,hecouldseeIhadpatienceandthatIknewhowtobehaveoutinthebusheventhoughIhadn’tgrownupthere.””（古道尔说：“他只是看到我非常热衷于在野外和动物在一起，而且我是一个很好的观察者。”“最重要的是，他能看出我很有耐心，而且我知道如何在灌木丛中表现，尽管我不是在那里长大的。”）可知，LouisLeakey认为古道尔是一个很好的动物观察者，由此可知，LouisLeakey在古道尔身上看到了观察动物的天赋。故选A项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段关键句““Thereisnosharplinedividingusfromtherestoftheanimalkingdom,”Goodallsaid.“It’saveryblurry(模糊的)line,anditteachesussoclearlythatwearenotseparatefromtherestoftheanimalkingdom,butpartofit.””（古道尔说：“没有一条清晰的界线将我们与动物王国的其他部分区分开来。”“这是一条非常模糊的界线，它清楚地告诉我们，我们不是与动物王国的其他部分分离，而是动物王国的一部分。”）可知，古道尔认为人类不是与动物王国的其他部分分离，而是动物王国的一部分。由此可知，古道尔认为人类属于整个动物王国。故选C项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章内容和最后一段“At86yearsold,Goodallstilliseducating,discoveringandworkingtobridgethegapbetweenmanandchimpanzee.”（86岁的古道尔仍在教育、发现和努力弥合人类和黑猩猩之间的鸿沟。）可知，本文主要介绍的是珍妮·古道尔的职业经历，她的一生都致力于研究黑猩猩。“Goodalldevotedherlifetostudyingchimps.”意为“古道尔一生致力于研究黑猩猩。”能够概括文章主要内容。故选B项。CEmbroidery(刺绣)isanimportantartforminChineseculture.Peopleoftenembroiderhandkerchiefs,bedcovers,tableclothsanddresses.ShuembroideryisoneofthemostfamousembroiderystylesinChina.It'sknownforitsstrongexpressionandsmoothneedlework.Thecharacteristicsaregreatlyinfluencedbygeographicalenvironment,customsandcultures.Calledthe“LandofAbundance”,Sichuanprovinceisrichingrainproduction.Thepeopleofthisareaalsoenjoyaslowlifestyle.Sowhenembroidering,theyareusuallypatientandwillingtospendtimepursuingtheform’scomplexityandelegance.ThiscouldalsobeareasonwhyShuembroiderywaslistedasanational-levelintangibleculturalheritagein2006.MakingbeautifulShuembroideryproductsisnevereasy.Itrequiressuperbworkmanship.MengDezhi,59,wasborntoafamilyofembroiderers.ShewasoneofthemosttalentedemployeesattheChengduShuembroideryfactory.Evenso,thelongandrepetitivenatureoftheprocessoftenchallengesher.Andinwinter,whenherhandsandfeetarefreezing,thingsbecomemoredifficult.But

5herlovefortheworkhasencouragedMengtocontinue.EvenforanexperiencedmasterlikeMeng,finishingapiecerequiresseveraldaysorevenafewmonths.“Theseexperiencesmaysometimesdiscourageme,buttheloveforShuembroideryalwaysgivesmemotivationtocontinue,”saidMeng.MenghasalsopopularizedthecultureofShuembroiderywhenthetraditionwasatriskofdeclining.Manycheapproductsaremadebymodernmachines.In2005,thefactoryMengworkedinwasforcedtoclose.Tomakealivingandpassalongthetraditionaltechnique,Mengrentedasmallspaceof10squaremeterstoteachShuembroideryskillstothekidsandyoungpeople.“Intheearlydays,Isetupthecompanyjustforsurvival,butnowIreallyfeelthatIhavetheresponsibilitytopassonShuembroideryskillstoyoungpeople.”“Itislikesowingaseed—whoknowswhichofthemwillbecomeaninheritor(继承人)orguardianofourcultureinthefuture?”shetoldChinaDaily.8.WhatisspecialaboutShuembroidery?A.Itmainlyfeaturesimagesofanimals.B.Itiscomplexanddelicateinworkmanship.C.ItaffectslocallifestylesinSichuanprovince.D.It’sdevelopedfromtraditionalChinesepaintings.9.WhatmakesMengDezhisticktoembroidering?A.ThenatureofShuembroidery.B.ThepassionforShuembroidery.C.Theinfluenceofherfamilytradition.D.TheprofitsfromShuembroideryproducts.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Settingupacompanyforaliving.B.Rentinga10-square-meterspace.C.Makingcheapproductswithmodernmachines.D.TeachingShuembroideryskillstotheyounggeneration.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ArtMadewithModemMachinesB.TheHistoryofShuEmbroideryC.PassingonNeedlepointPerfectionD.ATalentedShuEmbroideryEmployee【答案】8.B9.B10.D11.C【解析】

6这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述蜀绣传承，蜀绣是中国最著名的刺绣之一，也是中华文化的一种重要的艺术形式，蜀绣被列为国家级非物质文化遗产。【8题详解】细节理解题。由第二段“Sowhenembroidering,theyareusuallypatientandwillingtospendtimepursuingtheform’scomplexityandelegance.(所以在刺绣时，她们往往是耐心的，愿意花时间追求形式的复杂和优雅。)”可知，蜀绣的做工复杂而又精致。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。由第四段“ButherlovefortheworkhasencouragedMengtocontinue.(但她对这份工作的热爱激励着Meng继续下去。)”和第五段也再次提到“theloveforShuembroideryalwaysgivesmemotivationtocontinue(对蜀绣的热爱一直是我继续下去的动力)”可知，虽然蜀绣制作很不容易，但Meng对蜀绣的热爱让她坚持了下来。故选B。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文“IreallyfeelthatIhavetheresponsibilitytopassonShuembroideryskillstoyoungpeople(我真的觉得我有责任把蜀绣技艺传给年轻人)”可知，it所在的句子意思是“向年轻人传授蜀绣技艺就像播下一颗种子，谁知道他们中谁会成为我们文化的继承者或守护者?”It在此是指“向年轻人传授蜀绣技艺”。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述蜀绣的特点和Meng对于此项技艺的传承，选项C.PassingonNeedlepointPerfection(传承针尖下的完美)形象地体现了文章中心，故应为最佳标题。故选C。DAninteractivemapwaspublishedbythetourismwebsiteSmokyMountains.Itisintendedforfallfoliage(枝叶)fans.Itwillhelpthemmakethemostofthecolorfulseason.Themapdrawsonvariousdata.Itincludesrainfallandtemperatureforecasts.Itincludesaveragedaylightexposure.Itpredictsthetimingofleaves’colorchangeacrosstheUnitedStates.Userscanviewweeklyforecasts.Theyselectdate,whicharelistedbelowthemap.ShadesofgreenovertakethemapwhenusersclickSeptember7.Shadesoforange,redandbrownappearbyOctober19.TheyindicatethearrivalofnearpeakorpeakfoliageinthenorthernandwesternUS.ByNovember30allbutthesouthernmostpartsoftheUSarepastpeakpoint.“ThepredictivefallleafmaphelpspotentialtravelersdeterminetheprecisefuturedatewhentheleaveswillpeakineachareaoftheUnitedStates,”saidWesMelton.Heisoneofthedatascientistswhocreatedthetool.“Webelievethiswillenabletravelerstotakemoremeaningfulfallvacations,capturebeautifulfallphotosandenjoythe

7naturalbeautyofautumn.”TheresearchersrefinethetooleveryyearThisisthesixthversionofthemapwithmoreandbetterfunctions.Itbuildsonsourcessuchashistoricalandforecastedtemperatures.Itlooksatleafpeaktrendsandpeakobservationtrends.Thesehelpproducethefinalproduct.Chlorophyllisthechemicalresponsibleforturningleavesgreen.Plantsstopproducingitwhenfallapproachesandthedaysgetshorter.Thisprocessexposespigments(色素),whichcreatesthebeautifulcolorsassociatedwithfallfoliage.EarlyOctoberwilllikelymarkthestartofthisyear’sleaf-watchingseasonthankstothewarmweather.Touristsseekingredandgoldenleavesshouldpacktheirbagssoonandpreparetoenjoytheview.12.Whatdoweknowabouttheinteractivemap?A.ItshowshowmuchrainfallsineachareaoftheUS.B.ItpredictswhenleavesbecomecolorfulacrosstheUS.C.ItforecastswhattheweatherislikeineachareaoftheUS.D.ItindicateshowmuchsunlighteachareaoftheUSreceives.13.Whomaytheinteractivemapappealtomost?A.Musicians.B.Physicians.C.Engineers.D.Photographers.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“refine”inParagraph5mean?A.Improve.B.Invent.C.Employ.D.Study.15.Whatcontributestothechangeofleaves’colorsinfall?A.Poornutrition.B.Dryweather.C.Pigments.D.Chlorophyll.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种交互式地图，这种地图可以预测秋天美国各地树叶变色的时间，帮助喜欢观赏秋季树叶的人们最大限度地享受这个多彩的季节。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段内容“Themapdrawsonvariousdata.Itincludesrainfallandtemperatureforecasts.Itincludesaveragedaylightexposure.Itpredictsthetimingofleaves’colorchangeacrosstheUnitedStates.”（这张地图利用了各种数据。它包括降雨量和温度预报。它包括平均日光照射量。它预测了美国各地树叶颜色变化的时间。）可知，这种交互式地图可以预测美国各地树叶颜色变化的时间，由此可知，交互式地图预测了美国各地的树叶何时变得五颜六色。故选B项。

8【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段关键句“Webelievethiswillenabletravelerstotakemoremeaningfulfallvacations,capturebeautifulfallphotosandenjoythenaturalbeautyofautumn.”（我们相信，这将使游客能够度过更有意义的秋季假期，捕捉美丽的秋季照片，享受秋天的自然美景。）可知，利用交互式地图提供的信息，我们能够捕捉美丽的秋季照片。由此可推断出，交互式地图对摄影爱好者最有吸引力，他们可以拍摄美丽的秋季照片。故选D项。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词后句“Thisisthesixthversionofthemapwithmoreandbetterfunctions.”（这是第六个版本的地图，有更多更好的功能。）可知，这个交互式地图已经更新到第六个版本了，有更多更好的功能。由此可知，划线单词所在句“Theresearchersrefinethetooleveryyear.”表示的是研究人员每年都会改进这个工具，所以才会有更多更好的功能，“Improve”意为“改进，改善”，符合句意。故选A项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容“Chlorophyllisthechemicalresponsibleforturningleavesgreen.Plantsstopproducingitwhenfallapproachesandthedaysgetshorter.Thisprocessexposespigments(色素),whichcreatesthebeautifulcolorsassociatedwithfallfoliage.”（叶绿素是使叶子变绿的化学物质。当秋天来临，白昼变短时，植物就会停止生产叶绿素。这个过程暴露色素，这创造了有美丽的色彩的秋天的树叶。）可知，秋天树叶变色的主要原因是色素的暴露，由此可知，是色素导致了秋天树叶颜色的变化。故选C项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifcoronavirushastaughtmeanything,it’sthatIwasdoingtoomuchbeforeithit.Myfamily’slifewasoverbooked,packedwithafter-schoolactivities,socialduties,andrandomappointmentsthatsuddenlyceasedtobecrucialwhennolongeravailable.Onebenefitofhavingalltheseactivitiesremovedfrommylifewasthatitgavemeperspective(视角).Asrestrictionrequirementshaveslowlyliftedinmyregion,I’vebeenabletothinkcarefullyaboutwhatgetsreturnedtomyschedule—andwhatdoesnot.___16___I’vesimplystoppeddoingmanythingsthatIrealizedweren’taddingrealorlastingvaluetomylife.___17___Ilovethisanalogy(类比).My“stopdoing”listcontainsthingslikestayinguppastbedtimetofinishwatchingmovies,drinkingcoffeeintheafternoonsandalcoholonweeknights,agreeingtosocialget-togethersonweeknights,checkingmyphoneeveryhalf-hour,andnotsigningthekidsupforafter-schoolsports.BecauseI’vestoppeddoingthesethingsoverthepastfewmonths,I’venoticedsomerealimprovements.

9___18___I’mperformingbetteratthegymthanever.I’mwakingupmoreeasilythanIusedto.Thekidsarecalmerandmorerelaxed.AndI’vejustcompletedthefirstfulldraftofabookI’vewantedtowriteforadecade.Thebeautyofa“stopdoing”lististhatitcreatestimeforother,morevaluablethings,unlikea“todo”list,whichconsumestime.“Stopdoing”isaweeding-outprocess,asortofliberation.___19___There’satimeandplacefor“todo”lists,buttheyshouldbebalancedwith“stopdoing”lists.Sowritethetwotogether.___20___Inthisway,thetwolistswillbebalanced.A.Expertsdescribethisasa“stopdoing”list.B.ThenumberofbooksI’vereadhasskyrocketed.C.Theremovalofonethingcaninspirethestartofanewone.D.Thelist,asI’msureyoucanimagine,isshorterthanbefore.E.Ratherthansittingdowntowrite,Istayupwatchingmovies.F.We’resofocusedonour“todo”listsandalwaysbeingover-scheduled.G.Thinkaboutthelessdesirablethingsthatareconsumingyourtimeandremovethem.【答案】16.D17.A18.B19.C20.G【解析】本文是说明文。文章告诉我们在生活中应该停止做没有真正或持久价值的事情，而用这些时间做一些更有意义的事情。【16题详解】根据空格前“Asrestrictionrequirementshaveslowlyliftedinmyregion,I’vebeenabletothinkcarefullyaboutwhatgetsreturnedtomyschedule—andwhatdoesnot.(由于我所在地区的限制要求已经慢慢解除，我能够仔细考虑什么会回到我的日程上，什么不会。)”和空格后“I’vesimplystoppeddoingmanythingsthatIrealizedweren’taddingrealorlastingvaluetomylife.(我已经停止做很多我意识到没有给我的生活带来真正或持久价值的事情。)”可知，作者在思考生活中什么值得做，什么不值得做，并停止做一些没有持久价值的事情。D项意为“我确信你可以想象，清单比以前短了。”选项内容能够引起下文，我想要做的事情的清单变短了，因为经过仔细思考，我停止做一些没有持久价值的事情。故选D。【17题详解】根据空格后“My“stopdoing”listcontainsthingslikestayinguppastbedtimetofinishwatchingmovies,drinkingcoffeeintheafternoonsandalcoholonweeknights,agreeingtosocialget-togethersonweeknights,checkingmyphoneeveryhalf-hour,andnotsigningthekidsupforafter-schoolsports.(我的“停止做”清单包括：熬夜看完电影、下午喝咖啡、工作日夜晚喝酒，同意在工作日夜晚参加社交聚会、每半小时检查一次手机和不让孩子们报名参加课外体育活动。)”可知，本段介绍的是作者“停止做”清单上的内容是什么。A

10项意为“专家将此描述为“停止做”清单。”选项内容能够引起下文，选项中的““stopdoing”list”和下文的““stopdoing”list”相呼应。故选A。【18题详解】根据空格前“BecauseI’vestoppeddoingthesethingsoverthepastfewmonths,I’venoticedsomerealimprovements.(因为在过去的几个月里我不再做这些事情了，我注意到了一些真正的进步。)”可知，本段介绍的是作者在停止做一些没有持久价值的事情后，生活中的一些进步。B项意为“我读的书的数量猛增。”选项内容符合段落主旨，介绍的是我生活中的一个进步，我读的书的数量猛增。故选B。【19题详解】根据空格前“Thebeautyofa“stopdoing”lististhatitcreatestimeforother,morevaluablethings,unlikea“todo”list,whichconsumestime.“Stopdoing”isaweeding-outprocess,asortofliberation.(“停止做”清单的美妙之处在于，它为其他更有价值的事情创造了时间，不像消耗时间的“待办事项”，“停止做”是一个淘汰的过程，一种解放。)”可知，本段介绍的是在停止做一些事后，就有时间做其他更有价值的事情了。C项意为“移除一件东西可以激发另一件的开始。”承接上文，停止做就是去掉一些不必要的事情，这样就有时间去做一些新的事情。故选C。【20题详解】根据空格前“There’satimeandplacefor“todo”lists,buttheyshouldbebalancedwith“stopdoing”lists.Sowritethetwotogether.(列出“待办事项”清单的时间和地点，但它们应该与“停止做”清单相平衡。所以把两者写在一起。)”可知，本段阐述的“待办事项”清单和“停止”清单要平衡。结合下文“Inthisway,thetwolistswillbebalanced.(这样，两个列表就会达到平衡。)”可推断，G项意为“想想那些耗费你时间的不太值得的事情，然后把它们去掉。”是一种方式，要想做到“待办事项”清单和“停止做”清单相平衡，就要去掉那些耗费你时间的不太值得的事情。故选G。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Manypeoplehavealoveforadventurebecausetheexcitementtheyexperienceisaddictive.GurbazSinghisonly16andyetonMondayheledagroupof___21___upMountHoodinOregon.Theclimbisahardone，andrequires___22___adventurers—butSinghalreadyhasclimbed97mountains.Byallappearances，hewaswell___23___tomaketheclimb.Conditionsonthemountainare___24___inthewinter.Hikersknowthatonemisplacedstepcanbethebeginningofthe___25___—butthatdoesn’tstopthemfrom___26___.Whenapproachingthehighesttop，Singh___27___andfellforroughly500feet.Laterseveralteamscameto

11___28___him，makingthe10，500-footclimbtowhereSinghwaslocated.Onhearingaboutthe___29___，Singh’sfatherdrovefromCanadatoPortland.Hewasgladhissonis___30___，andheknowstheinjurywon’tkeephimfromtryingagain.“Hethoughthewasgoingto___31___somewhereandhewastryingtopreventthe___32___withhistoolbutitjustdidn’thappenbecausehewas___33___sofastthathecouldn’tdoit，”thefathersaid.“Myfamilyandmysonwantto___34___everyonewhohelpedsavehim.Thiswastobehis98thsummit(峰顶).Wewillbebacksoontofinishthe___35___.”21.A.researchersB.studentsC.climbersD.campers22.A.talentedB.skilledC.agedD.appointed23.A.organizedB.dressedC.educatedD.prepared24.A.icyB.goodC.ordinaryD.favorable25.A.attemptB.experimentC.endD.journey26.A.measuringB.tryingC.investigatingD.volunteering27.A.slippedB.turnedC.hesitatedD.paused28.A.challengeB.contactC.supportD.rescue29.A.incidentB.responseC.conflictD.deed30.A.healthyB.relaxedC.braveD.safe31.A.escapeB.hideC.stopD.die32.A.fallB.fightC.disasterD.failure33.A.runningB.rollingC.movingD.rising34.A.visitB.awardC.comfortD.thank35.A.raceB.jobC.flightD.training【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.C26.B27.A28.D29.A30.D31.C32.A33.B34.D35.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一名16岁的登山爱好者古尔巴兹·辛格在一次登山中从山上摔落后获救的故事。他虽然受伤，但是从不放弃，仍然会继续攀登高山。【详解】1.考查名词词义辨析。句意：年仅16岁的古尔巴兹·辛格周一带领一群登山者登上了俄勒冈州的胡德山。A.researchers研究人员；B.students学生；C.climbers登山者；D.campers露营者。由胡德山（MountHood）结合上下文可知，他领着一群登山者登山。故选C项。

122.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一次艰难的攀登，需要有经验的冒险家——但辛格已经爬了97座山。A.talented有天赋的；B.skilled有经验，有技巧的；C.aged老龄化的；D.appointed被指定的。根据上文的“hard”可知，这次登山非常艰难，因此需要这些冒险者有经验，有技术。故选B项。3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：从各方面看来，他已做好了爬山的充分准备。A.organized组织；B.dressed穿；C.educated教育；D.prepared准备。根据上文可知，他已经成功地攀登了97座山峰，因此这次他做好了充分的准备。故选D项。4.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：冬天山上的条件是冰冷的。A.icy冰冷的、结冰的；B.good好的；C.ordinary平凡的，普通的；D.favorable有利的，赞成的。根据“inthewinter”以及下文“fellforroughly500feet”可推知，攀登的道路应该是结冰的，比较滑。故选A项。5.考查名词词义辨析。句意：徒步旅行者知道，一步走错可能是终点的开始——但这并不妨碍他们继续尝试。A.attempt尝试；B.experiment试验；C.end结局、结束；D.journey旅程。由上文可知攀登的条件非常恶劣，所以走错将可能会是丧命（结束）的开始，短语thebeginningoftheend“结束的前兆；结局的开始”。故选C项。6.考查动词词义辨析。句意：徒步旅行者知道，一步走错可能是终点的开始——但这并不妨碍他们继续尝试。A.measuring测量；B.trying尝试，努力；C.investigating调查；D.volunteering志愿。根据上文可知，虽然困难重重，但是那不能阻止他们尝试攀登。故选B项。7.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当接近最高点时，辛格滑倒，跌落了大约500英尺。A.slipped滑，溜；B.turned转向；C.hesitated犹豫；D.paused暂停。根据语境以及“fell”可知，他滑了一下，摔了下去。故选A项。8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，几支队伍赶来营救他，爬了10500英尺来到了辛格所在的地方。A.challenge挑战；B.contact联系；C.support支持；D.rescue援救。辛格滑倒摔落，所以不久后，几支队伍前来营救他。故选D项。9.考查名词词义辨析。句意：听到这个意外后，辛格的父亲开车从加拿大去了波特兰。A.incident意外、事故；B.response回应；C.conflict冲突；D.deed行为。由上文可知，辛格发生了意外，他的父亲听说了这次意外。故选A项。10.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很高兴儿子平安无事，他知道受伤不会阻止他再次尝试。A.healthy健康的；B.relaxed放松的；C.brave勇敢的；D.safe安全的。由于他的儿子已经获救，因此他为儿子的安全感到高兴。故选D项。11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位父亲说:“他以为自己要在某个地方停下来，于是就用工具试图阻止自己掉下去，但却没有成功，因为他滚得太快了，他做不到。”A.escape逃脱；B.hide隐藏；C.stop停止；D.die死亡。根据语境可知，此处是父亲讲述他儿子遇险的情境，结合下一句提到“用工具防止自己掉下去”可知当时Singh是想停在某个地方。故选C项。

1312.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位父亲说:“他以为自己要在某个地方停下来，于是就用工具试图阻止自己掉下去，但却没有成功，因为他滚得太快了，他做不到。”A.fall坠落；B.fight斗争；C.disaster灾难；D.failure失败。根据前面提到“他想在某个地方停下来”以及下文“滚得太快”可知，他极力地使用自己的工具来阻止坠落。故选A项。13.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位父亲说:“他以为自己要在某个地方停下来，于是就用工具试图阻止自己掉下去，但却没有成功，因为他滚得太快了，他做不到。”A.running跑步；B.rolling翻滚；C.moving移动；D.rising上升。根据他没有成功停下来可知，当坠落的时候，因为他滚动得太快了，导致他无法使自己停下来。故选B项。14.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的家人和儿子想感谢所有帮助救他的人。A.visit参观，拜访；B.award奖励；C.comfort安慰；D.thank感谢。由前文可知几个救援队帮助了辛格，此处表示要感谢那些提供帮助的人们。故选D项。15.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这将是他第98次攀登高峰。我们很快就会回来完成这项工作。A.race比赛；B.job工作，任务；C.flight飞行；D.training训练。根据上文可知，这是他攀登的第98座山峰，因此他养好伤之后，会回来完成这个任务。故选B项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AshthatcamefromaPhilippinevolcanohasbecomepaintingmaterial___36___artistJaninaSanico.ShelivesinatownneartheTaalVolcano,___37___liesinthewesternpartofthePhilippines.ThevolcanoeruptedonJanuary12,2020,___38___(give)offhugeamountsofash,steamandrocks.Bythenextday,ashblewasfarawayasManila,about100kilometersfromthevolcano.Ashclouds___39___(continue)tocomeoutofTaalformanydays.Sanico’sbackyardplants___40___(cover)inash.Shebeganmixingitwithwaterandastickythingtocreatewatercolorpaint.Someofher___41___(painting)wereofthevolcanoitself.Otherswereofanimalsthatsuffered.Sanicosaid,“Iwas___42___(extreme)movedbywhathappenedafterthe___43___(erupt).Theanimalshavenowaytosavethemselves.SothatwasthepainIfelt.”Sanicotriestousethingsfromnature___44___(make)thecolorsthatshepaintswith.Shesaidshewassurprisedthat____45____ashworkedaswellasitdid,aslongassheaddedenoughwater.【答案】36.for37.which38.giving39.continued40.werecovered

1441.paintings42.extremely43.eruption44.tomake45.the【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了艺术家Sanico运用火山灰来制作水彩画，通过绘画表达自己感受到的痛苦。【36题详解】考查介词。句意：来自菲律宾火山的火山灰已经成为艺术家Sanico的绘画材料。根据句意可知，此处表达“对艺术家Sanico来说”。表“对……来说”时使用介词for，表示对象。故填for。【37题详解】考查定语从句。句意：她住在菲律宾西部塔尔火山附近的一个城镇。在定语从句中，先行词“theTaalVolcano”是物在定语从句中做主语，故用which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这座火山于2020年1月12日喷发，释放出大量的火山灰、蒸汽和岩石。句子的谓语动词为erupt(爆发)所以动词短语giveoff(释放)为非谓语动词。非谓语动词giveoff与其逻辑主语thevolcano是主动关系，所以用现在分词作伴随状语。故填givingoff。【39题详解】考查时态语态。句意：多日来，塔勒火山灰云层不断冒出。根据全文可知，本文陈述火山爆发这一发生于过去的客观事实，所以用一般过去时。主语ashclouds和谓语动词continue是主动关系。故填continued。【40题详解】考查时态语态。句意：Sanico后院的植物被灰覆盖。本文陈述过去发生的客观事实，所以用一般过去时。主语Sanico’sbackyardplants是复数，且与谓语动词cover是被动关系。故填werecovered。【41题详解】考查名词单复数。句意：她的一些画是关于火山本身的。根据空格前的some可知，此处使用可数名词painting(绘画)的复数形式。故填paintings。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：Sanico说，“火山爆发后发生的事情让我非常感动。”修饰动词move(感动)时需要使用副词。故填extremely。【43题详解】考查名词。句意见上一题。根据空格前的定冠词the可知，此处填入名词eruption(爆发)

15来特指此次火山爆发。故填eruption。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Sanico试图用大自然的东西来制作她绘画所用的颜色。句子的谓语动词为use(使用)所以动词make(制作)要以非谓语动词形式出现。根据句意可知，此处表达“来制作她绘画用的颜色”，所以用不定式tomake表示目的。故填tomake。45题详解】考查冠词。句意：她说，她很惊讶，只要她加入足够的水，火山灰的效果也会很好。ash为名词且为句子的主语，所以此处需要使用冠词。根据句意可知，此处指“她所使用的火山灰”，表特指，故用定冠词。故填the。第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，春节将至，你校英国留学生Frank因为新冠疫情（COVID-19pandemic）不能回国。请你给他写一封信，邀请他到你家过春节。内容如下：1.发出邀请；2.体验家乡春节习俗；3.表达祝愿。注意：1.字数80词左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearFrank,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearFrank,I’msorrytohearthatyouhavetostayinChinaduringtheSpringFestivalvacation.So,I’mwritingtoinviteyoutospendthefestivalwithmyfamily.It’sagoodchanceforyoutoexperiencehowwecelebratethetime.OnNewYear’sEve,familymemberswillstaytogethertomakejiaoziwhilewatchingthepopularlivebroadcastofspringfestivalgala.Inthefollowingdays,peoplewillvisittheirrelativesorfriendstoexchangebestwishes.Ithinkyoucanjoinmeinthat.

16Ihopeyouwillacceptmyinvitationandhaveahappynewyear!I’mexpectingyourearlyreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国留学生Frank写一封信，邀请他到你家过春节。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时，少量现在进行时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1发出邀请；2.体验家乡春节习俗;3.表达祝愿。第二步:列提纲（重点词组）haveto;invitesb.todosth.;It’sagoodchanceforsb.todosth.;springfestivalgala第三步：连词成句1.I’msorrytohearthatyouhavetostayinChinaduringtheSpringFestivalvacation.2.I’mwritingtoinviteyoutospendthefestivalwithmyfamily.3.It’sagoodchanceforyoutoexperiencehowwecelebratethetime.4.OnNewYear’sEve,familymemberswillstaytogethertomakejiaoziwhilewatchingthepopularlivebroadcastofspringfestivalgala.5.Ihopeyouwillacceptmyinvitationandhaveahappynewyear!根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表并列补充关系：and2.表因果关系：so连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】[高分句型1].I’msorrytohearthatyouhavetostayinChinaduringtheSpringFestivalvacation.

17（由that引导的宾语从句作hear的宾语）[高分句型2].Ihopeyouwillacceptmyinvitationandhaveahappynewyear!（由that引导的宾语从句作hope的宾语，省略that）第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。WhenIworkedasanurse,Iwasondaydutywhilemyfriendswereonnightduty.Ononeshift,IrememberIsensedsomethingjustbeforegoingoffdutyat11am.Ihadbroughtthewardsister(护士长)hermorningtea,soIputdowntheteatray(托盘).Thetrayshookandfellthroughthewindow.AtfirstIthoughtIhadaccidentallyknockeditover,butthenIfeltthewholebuildingshookandpatientsscreamed.Irealizedthatanearthquakewashappening.Icaughtholdofanearbypatient,whowasterriblyfrightenedbyit.IpushedherunderthebedandheldthebedinplacewhileIgotunderitmyselfIthenpulledablanketdownbetweenus.Assoonasitsealed,Idecidedtotryandgetthepatientsafelyoutside.Icarriedheroutandhelpedherdowntothegrassland,whereseveralotherpeoplehadnowgathered.Iknewthewardsisterwaswithanotherpatient,soIwentbackinsidethebuilding.WhenIreachedthewardsister,Ifoundherpatientcouldnotwalk.Wemadeaseatforherbylinkingourhandsandarms,andcarriedheroutsidetogether.Wewentbackthroughthebuildingtochecknoonewasleftbehind.Almostallofthepatientshadbeenabletogetthemselvesoutofourward,asfarasIknew.Onceourwardwascleared,adoctorcalledforvolunteertogodowntootherwardswithhimtohelpmorepeople.AnothernurseandIwentdownthere.Thedoctorwentinaheadofus.Hefoundoneofthenursespartiallycoveredwithrubble(碎石).Shewasstillalivesowebegantocleartherubbleaway.Suddenly,theaftershockstruck.Thedoctororderedustoleave.Thisbravemanintendedtostaywiththetrappednudeandriskhisownlife.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Wemadeupourmindstosavethenursewithhimtogether._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________LaterintheafternoonIhadtimetolookaround,andsawthedestroyedbuilding._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Wemadeupourmindstosavethenursewithhimtogether.Wewerefacedwithfallingrubblefromtime

18totime.Thetrappednursewasstillalive.Wefocusedoureffortsonremovingthebricksandtherubblethattrappedherbody.Onceshewasfree,thedoctorguidedusthroughtheremainssafely.Hekeptaperfectlycalmtonethroughout,whichsmoothedmemuch.Myheartleapedwithjoyaswesuccessfullywalkedoutofthebuilding.Allthesurvivors’gratitudewasprofoundandboundless.LaterintheafternoonIhadtimetolookaround,andsawthedestroyedbuilding.Mybeautifulworkplacenowlaybeyondrecognition.Theonlythingthatremainedwasbrokenwallsamidstthedimdust.Ifeltaweightonmychestasthesadnessswelledinside.Thedoctorstoodbesidemeandsaidwithafaintsmile,“Weshouldbehappyforthosewhosurvivedtheearthquake.”Ismiledbackasthewinddancedaroundus,andIfeltluckytobealive.【解析】分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作为护士的我在值夜班的时候发生了大地震，我和其他医生一起冒着生命危险在楼道里抢救病人的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“我们决定和他一起去救护士。”可知，第一段可描写我们救到了护士以及逃离大楼后的喜悦心情。②由第二段首句内容“下午晚些时候，我有时间环顾四周，看到了被摧毁的建筑。”可知，第二段可描写我在看到昔日的工作场景物是人非的心情以及通过这次事件后的感悟。2.续写线索：一起营救——营救结果——逃离大楼——看到破败的场景——内心心情——领悟感受3.词类激活行为类①关注：focuson/fixon/concentrateon②指导：guide/indirect③幸存：survive/remainalive情感类①悲伤：sadness/sorrow②幸运的：lucky/fortunate【点睛】[高分句型1].Hekeptaperfectlycalmtonethroughout,whichsmoothedmemuch.（运用了which

19引导的非限制性定语从句）[高分句型2].Theonlythingthatremainedwasbrokenwallsamidstthedimdust.（运用了that引导的限制性定语从句）