湖南省益阳市2022-2023学年高三上学期期末质量检测英语Word版含解析

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益阳市2022年高三下学期期末质量检测英语试卷本试卷分四部分。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项：1.考试时量为120分钟，满分为150分。2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。3.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第一部分听力第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatdoesKateplantodo?A.Attendaparty.B.Goshopping.C.Stayathome.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Asweater.B.Afashionshow.C.Adress.3.Whatseasonisitprobablynow?A.Spring.B.Winter.C.Summer.4.Whydoesthemanchoosethiscafe?A.Themusicisbeautiful.B.It’sagoodplacetotalk.C.Thecoffeeisdelicious.5.Howoftendoesthewomanusuallyexercise?A.Onceaday.B.Twiceaday.C.Fourtimesaweek.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答6、7题。6.WhenwillDr.Guptabeavailableinthemorning?A.OnApril13th.B.OnApril16th.C.OnApril20th.

17.Whydoesthewomanaskthemantocomeearlier?A.Towaitinline.B.Tofilloutpaperwork.C.Tomakeanappointment.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whydidthewomanstopthemandrinking?A.Thewaterwastoohot.B.Shewantedtodrinkinstead.C.Thewaterwasunfittodrink.9.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Intheopenair.B.Insidethehouse.C.Besideaswimmingpool.10.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Savealife.B.Lookforawell.C.Enterahouse.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Operatingherson’scomputer.B.Tryingtoknowaboutherson’ssecrets.C.SearchingforinformationontheInternet.12.WhatmakesCharliescared?A.Hisphotoshavebeenuploaded.B.Someinformationishardtodelete.C.Everyonewantstoseehisinformation.13.WheredoesCharliewritedownhispassword?A.Inthedrawer.B.Onthedesk.C.Onanotebook.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Formerclassmates.C.Professorandassistant.15.Whattransportationdoesthewomanusedaily?A.Thebike.B.Thetaxi.C.Thebus.16.Whatistheadviser’ssuggestiontothewoman?A.Makingmoregoodfriends.B.Makingsurethecreditscount.C.JoiningtheGreatOutdoorsClub.

217.Whatdoesthewomanliketolearn?A.Finance.B.Medicine.C.Computer.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Howdidthespeakerbegindoinglaundry?A.Hismotheraskedhimtosharehousework.B.Hismotherwasillandcouldn’tdohousework.C.Hismothercouldn’tusethenewwashingmachine.19.Whathappenedwhenthespeakerironedhissuit?A.Thespeakergotburned.B.Theironcaughtfire.C.Thesuitgotdamaged.20.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutwashingclothesnow?A.Itistiring.B.Itiseasy.C.Itistroublesome.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AStandingIndianCampgroundForthosewhowantworld-classwhitewaterrafting(漂流)·Location:LocatedinsidetheNantahalaNationalForest·CampgroundContact:(828)524-6441·ParkHours:Open24hours·CampgroundWebsiteStandingIndianCampgroundisoneofseveralcampgroundslocatedinsidetheNantahalaNationalForest.Establishedin1920,theNantahalaNationalForestgotitsnamefromtheCherokeewordmeaning“LandoftheNoondaySun”.Thehalf-a-million-acreforestisalsooneoffourmanagedbytheUnitedStatesForestServiceandissettleddeepwithinthemountains.TheNationalForestisalsohometothreeappointedWildernessAreasandtwoWildandScenicRivers.Thesefamedriversalsoofferworld-classkayaking,canoeing,whitewaterrafting,boating,water-skiing,fishing,andswimming.Forhikers,thefamousAppalachianTrailrunsdirectlythroughtheforest,sodon’tbealarmedifyouseeahikerwalkingonthetrail.Inaddition,likemanynationalforestsinNorthCarolina,campingisfreeofchargeatseveralspotsinNantahalaNationalForest.Atthiscampground,youcanalsocampataheightof3,880feetunderevergreensneartheNantahalaRiver.

3Thecampgroundalsofeaturesseveralloops(环形)thatareperfectfortentcampingandlargeenoughforRVs.Inaddition,StandingIndianisaconvenientspotfortravellerspassingthrough,yetidealenoughforthosewhowanttostaylonger.CampgroundBreakdown:·88SitesinTotal·StandardNonelectricPremiumSite:$20pernight·StandardSite:$20pernight·GroupStandardNonelectric:$75pernight,accommodatesupto25people·DoubleSite:$40pernightStandingIndianFacilities:Picnictables,firerings,toilets,showers1.Whatisthename“NantahalaNationalForest”relatedto?A.Aservice.B.AnIndian.C.Aword.D.Amountain.2.WhatactivitycanpeopledoinStandingIndianCampground?A.Skiing.B.Rowing.C.Hunting.D.Surfing.3.Whichsiteissuitableforateamof20students?A.DoubleSite.B.StandardSite.C.StandardNonelectricPremiumSite.D.GroupStandardNonelectric.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了位于南塔哈拉国家森林内的露营地之—StandingIndianCampground，以及可以参加的活动和宿营费用等。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据CampgroundWebsite下的第一段“theNantahalaNationalForestgotitsnamefromtheCherokeewordmeaning‘LandoftheNoondaySun(南塔哈拉国家森林的名字来源于切罗基语，意思是“正午太阳的土地”)”可知，森林的得名和切罗基语的一个单词有关,故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据CampgroundWebsite下的第二段“Thesefamedriversalsoofferworld-classkayaking,canoeing,whitewaterrafting,boating.(这些著名的河流还提供世界级的皮划艇、皮划艇、激流漂流及划船项目)”可知，人们可以在这里划船。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据CampgroundBreakdown下给出的各宿营点的价格信息可知，GroupStandardNonelectric:

4$75pernight,accommodatesupto25people.(团体标准非电动：每晚75美元，最多可容纳25人)可知，GroupStandardNonelectric适合20人的团队宿营。故选D项。BMymotherwasacook.ThroughherIlearnedtoappreciatehowahandfulofingredientscouldcreatedelicious,nutritiousmealsontightbudgets.Andinourhome,nothingwaseverwasted,asweshoppedforfoodneedsasopposedtowants.ItalkaboutallthisbecauseI’mabsolutelyshockedbythepriceofgroceries.And,assomeonewhohasbeenwritingaboutthefoodindustryfordecades,andhavingweatheredtheeconomicdepressionwhenthepricewasalsohigh—Ihaveneverseenthingsasbadastheyaretoday.Justrecently,Icouldn’tbringmyselftopurchasethreesmallpotatoesforalmost$7.Isawcucumbersfor$3.99EACH.Somestoreshadgrapesataridiculous$6.99apound.Addtothatthealarmingincreaseineverydayfood,likecoffee,milkanddairy,nowondereveryoneisfeelingthepinch(拮据).Iwentshoppingontheweekend,andcameoutwith$186worthoffoodinthreegrocerybags.Ireturnedtwoitemsimmediately.Ipurchasedaliterofmilkthathadbeenmarkeddown50%—butIdidn’tcatchintimethatthecashierforgottoringinthediscount,andchargedmefullprice.AsIjustfeedmyhusbandandmyself,Icanaffordtopurchasemoreorganicproteins,likechicken.ButIcanalsoappreciatenoteveryfamilycanaffordtodoso,whichismymajorconcern.Cantheincreaseoffoodpricesbesloweddownorevenstopped?Withtheincreasingconsumerdemandforfoodsnotinseasonorreadilyavailable,pluspeoplelookingforfastconvenience,Idobelievetheanswerlieswithinus:Weneedtotakebackcontroloverthefoodsweeat.Stoplisteningtoallthehype(宣传)thatconvenienceisbetterthancookingcreativity,andjustgetbacktobasics.Peopleneedtogobacktobasicslearnsomefundamentalkitchenessentialsandtrulybemindfulofcookingpractices.Justasanoldsayinggoes,ifyougivesomeoneafish,they’lleatforaday,butifyouteachsomeonetofish,they’lleatforever.4.Whatmightbetheauthor?A.Acook.B.Awriter.C.Apublisher.D.Abusinesswoman.5.Whydidtheauthorreturntwoitemswhenshopping?A.Theycosttoomuch.B.Shetooktheitemsbymistake.C.Thecashiermadeamistake.D.Shefoundtheywereofnouse.6.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthecurrentsituation?A.Puzzled.B.Helpless.C.Angry.D.Worried.

57.Whatistheauthor’sadviceaccordingtothetext?A.Domorecookingathome.B.Controlfoodconsumption.C.Purchasemoreorganicproteins.D.Learntofishifyoulikeeatingfish.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在加拿大食品价格持续上涨的情况下，作者的亲身经历以及由此引发的作者的看法和建议。【详解】1.推理判断题。根据第二段“And,assomeonewhohasbeenwritingaboutthefoodindustryfordecades(作为一个写了几十年食品行业文章的人)”可推知，作者可能是一名作家。故选B。2.推理判断题。根据第二段首句“ItalkaboutallthisbecauseI’mabsolutelyshockedbythepriceofgroceries.(我谈论这些是因为我对食品杂货的价格感到震惊。)”以及第三段内容“Justrecently,Icouldn’tbringmyselftopurchasethreesmallpotatoesforalmost$7.Isawcucumbersfor$3.99EACH.Somestoreshadgrapesataridiculous$6.99apound.Addtothatthealarmingincreaseineverydayfood,likecoffee,milkanddairy,nowondereveryoneisfeelingthepinch(拮据).(就在最近，我还没能让自己花7美元买三个小土豆。我看到黄瓜每根3.99美元。一些商店的葡萄价格高达每磅6.99美元。再加上咖啡、牛奶和奶制品等日常食品价格的惊人增长，难怪每个人都感到手头拮据。)”可知，作者认为物价太高，因此推断当她发现三袋食品竟然花费186美元时，她立即退了两件。故选A。3.推理判断题。根据第五段“ButIcanalsoappreciatenoteveryfamilycanaffordtodoso,whichismymajorconcern.(但我也明白，不是每个家庭都能负担得起，这是我主要担心的问题。)”可知，作者对现在的社会状况感觉担忧。故选D。4.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Stoplisteningtoallthehype(宣传)thatconvenienceisbetterthancookingcreativity,andjustgetbacktobasics.(不要再听信那些“方便比烹饪创意更重要”的炒作了，回到基本的问题上来吧。)”以及最后一段内容“Peopleneedtogobacktobasics,learnsomefundamentalkitchenessentialsandtrulybemindfulofcookingpractices.Justasanoldsayinggoes,ifyougivesomeoneafish,they’lleatforaday,butifyouteachsomeonetofish,they’lleatforever.(人们需要回归基础，学习一些基本的厨房基础知识，并真正注意烹饪方法。正如一句老话所说，如果你给某人一条鱼，他会吃一天，但如果你教某人钓鱼，他会吃一辈子。)”可知，作者建议人们自己做饭，减少方便食品的购买，从而节约钱。故选A。CIfyou’reinthemarketforanewfoodorwaterdishforyourcat,youmightwanttocheckoutFreetheOcean’sBambooCatBowls.Thesearemadefrombamboofibersandricehusks(稻壳).

6Thepresenceofbamboo—usedasarenewablefillerinthedish’scomposition—ispartofwhatmakesitgreener.Bamboo,whichistechnicallyagrass,growsfasterthantrees.Notsurprisingly,itproducesmoreoxygenandabsorbsmorecarbondioxidethantrees.Ricehuskisabyproductofriceproductionthatposesachallengetofarmers,duetoitsresistancetodecomposition(分解),digestion,andlownutritionalvalueasanimalfeed.Itsuseasafillerprovidesapurposeforanotherwiseuselessmaterialand,alongwiththebamboo,reducestheneedforplasticfillers.Whileplasticisstillneededtomakethecatbowl,therationalebehindtheirincreasedeco-friendlinessisthatlessactualplasticisrequiredwhenmorenaturalfillersareused.Thetotalamountofplasticrequiredtomakeeachproductisreduced,becausethebamboofibresmakeupasignificantpercentageoftheoverallcomposite(合成)material.Plasticcatdishesharborbacteriaevenifpetownerscleanthemregularly,whichcanputyourcat’shealthatrisk.However,thebamboocatbowlisBPA-freeandwillnotreleaseharmfulchemicalsintoyourpet’swaterthewaythatconventionalplasticcan.Bambooisnaturallyantibacterial.And,ofcourse,youcanthrowitinthetoprackofthedishwasherforeasycleaning.Onecustomersaid,“Ipreferthesecatfoodbowlsandsodomycats.ThecatslikethelowlipthatmakesiteasytoeatoutofandIlikethefactthatthey’remadeofbambooandthatpurchasingthemmakesadifferenceforplasticpollution!Easytowashinthedishwasher.”8.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Torecommendanewproduct.B.Tointroducethebenefitsofbamboos.C.Toraisepeople’senvironmentalawareness.D.Tocallonpeopletomakegooduseofbamboos.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rationale”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Cost.B.Reason.C.Doubt.D.Function.10.Whatcanwelearnaboutthebamboocatbowl?A.Itischeaptobuy.B.Itislighttocarry.C.Itissafetouse.D.Itiseasytomake.11.Howisparagraph5developed?A.Bylistingnumbers.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Byaskingquestions.D.Bymakingcomparisons.【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.D

7【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种竹制的猫碗，相比塑料碗这种猫碗的特点是环保、使用安全，因此深受猫主人的喜爱。【8题详解】推理判断题。文章第一段“Ifyou’reinthemarketforanewfoodorwaterdishforyourcat,youmightwanttocheckoutFreetheOcean’sBambooCatBowls.Thesearemadefrombamboofibersandricehusks(稻壳)(如果你在市场上为你的猫买一种新的食物或水盘，你可能想看看‘自由海洋竹制猫碗’。这些是由竹纤维和稻壳制成的)”介绍了竹猫碗，然后进一步分析这种猫碗的使用材料以及特点等，由此可推知，文章的写作目的是为了推荐新产品。故选A。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词后的内容“lessactualplasticisrequiredwhenmorenaturalfillersareused(当使用更多的天然填料时，所需的实际塑料更少)”可知，在猫碗的使用材料中竹纤维占的比例增大，因此更加环保，此处是在解释猫碗增加生态友好性的原因。由此可推知划线单词所在句子Whileplasticisstillneededtomakethecatbowl,therationalebehindtheirincreasedeco-friendlinessisthatlessactualplasticisrequiredwhenmorenaturalfillersareused.的意思是：虽然制作猫碗仍然需要塑料，但它们增加生态友好性的理由是，当使用更多的天然填料时，实际需要的塑料更少。因此划线词意为“原因，理由”。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Thepresenceofbamboo—usedasarenewablefillerinthedish’scomposition—ispartofwhatmakesitgreener.(竹子作为一种可再生的填充物存在于菜肴的成分中，这是它更绿色的一部分。)”以及倒数第二段“However,thebamboocatbowlisBPA-freeandwillnotreleaseharmfulchemicalsintoyourpet’swaterthewaythatconventionalplasticcan.(然而，竹猫碗是不含BPA的，不会像传统塑料一样向宠物的水中释放有害化学物质。)”可知，这种猫碗绿色环保、使用安全。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。在第五段“Plasticcatdishesharborbacteriaevenifpetownerscleanthemregularly,whichcanputyourcat’shealthatrisk.However,thebamboocatbowlisBPA-freeandwillnotreleaseharmfulchemicalsintoyourpet’swaterthewaythatconventionalplasticcan.Bambooisnaturallyantibacterial.(即使宠物主人定期清洗塑料猫碟，它们也会滋生细菌，这会危及猫的健康。然而，竹猫碗是不含BPA的，不会像传统塑料一样向宠物的水中释放有害化学物质。竹子天然抗菌。)”可知作者对比了新款猫碗和传统猫碗的不同。由此可推知，作者使用了对比的写作手法。故选D。DBatesianmimicry(模仿)whereaharmlessspeciesmimicsaharmfulonetoescapeenemiesiswidespreadin

8animals.Butmostrecordedexamplesofthephenomenaarevisual.Forinstance,thekingsnakeshaveevolvedtolooklikeapoisonousspecies,whiletheflower-lovingflieshaveadoptedtheappearanceofwasps(黄蜂).Now,forthefirsttime,researchershaveuncoveredakindofbatthathasdevelopedthistrickrelatedtosoundtoscareawayenemies.DaniloRussofirstdiscoveredthegreatermouse-earedbat’sgeniuswhileworkingonhisPh.D.paperreportonbats.“Inoticedthatwhenwehandledthebatstotakethemoutofthenetorprocessthem,theyproducedsoundsjustlikewasps,”hesaid.Yearslater,theanimalecologistattheUniversityofNaplesFedericoIIandhisteamsetouttoinvestigateifthesoundwasacoincidenceorawaytofrightenawayenemies.Theresearchersrecordedthecriesofthebatswhentheywerebeingcaught.Theythencomparedthesoundstofourwasps.Thesimilaritiesinthesoundsconvincedthescientiststhebatswerecopyingtheinsectstoscareoffenemies.Russoandhisteamtestedtheirtheoryoneightwildowlsandeighthuman-raisedowls.Whenthescientistsplayednormalbatsounds,alltheowlsflewtowardsthespeakerinsearchoftheinsects.However,thebirdsinstantlyflewawaywhenexposedtothebat’sbee-likesound.Theresearcherswhopublishedtheirfindingsobservedthatthewildbirdsshowedgreaterfearthantheonesbroughtupbyhumans.Thisindicatedthattheowlshadpreviouslybeenstung(叮)bythewaspsandknewtoclearawaywhentheyheardthebuzzingsound.“Birdstendtoavoidstinginginsects,”Russosays.“Whennestboxesortreeholesareoccupiedbyhornets,birdsdonotevenattempttoexplorethem,nottomentionnestthere.”12.Whywerethekingsnakesmentionedinthetext?A.Toprovetheyarescary.B.Toconfirmaphenomenon.C.Toshowtheyarepoisonous.D.Tocomparethemwithflies.13.Whatismouse-earedbats’talent?A.Theycanmakesounds.B.Theycancopywasps.C.Theycanpoisoninsects.D.Theycanescapefromnets.14.Whatdoestheexperimentresultshow?A.Owlslikethebat’sbee-likesound.B.Human-raisedowlsdon’tliketoeatbats.C.Wildowlshaveastrongerabilitytosurvive.D.Wildowlshavebeenattackedbywaspsbefore.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

9A.SoundsCanHelpBatsandOwlsEscapeB.CleverInsectsLearnSkillsfromEachOtherC.SomeAnimalsCanLearnfromTheirEnemiesD.BatsMakeSoundslikeWaspstoEscapeOwls【答案】12.B13.B14.D15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种能够模仿黄蜂的嗡嗡声来吓走天敌的蝙蝠以及对此科学家们的不同的观点。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Butmostrecordedexamplesofthephenomenaarevisual.Forinstance,thekingsnakeshaveevolvedtolooklikeapoisonousspecies.(但大多数记录的现象都是视觉上的。例如，王蛇已经进化得看起来像一个有毒的物种)”可知，作者提到王蛇的目的是证实动物为躲避天敌,学会了在视觉上模仿有害物种的这种现象。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“theyproducedsoundsjustlikewasps(它们发出的声音就像黄蜂一样)”可知，大耳朵蝙蝠的天赋是模仿黄蜂的嗡嗡声。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Thisindicatedthattheowlshadpreviouslybeenstungbythewaspsandknewtoclearawaywhentheyheardthebuzzing.(这表明，猫头鹰之前被黄蜂蛰过，听到嗡嗡声后就逃之夭夭)”可知，实验结果表明，野生猫头鹰害怕蜜蜂的嗡嗡声，是因为它们曾经受到过蜂群的攻击或叮咬。故选D。15题详解】标题判断题。根据文章最后一段“Now,forthefirsttime,researchershaveuncoveredakindofbatthathasdevelopedthistrickrelatedtosoundtoscareawayenemies.(现在，研究人员第一次发现了一种蝙蝠，它已经进化出了这种与声音有关的技巧来吓跑敌人)”和全文可知，文章主要介绍了一种能够模仿黄蜂的嗡嗡声来吓走天敌的蝙蝠，以及科学家们对此的不同的观点。由此判断D选项“蝙蝠发出像黄蜂一样的声音来逃避猫头鹰”最适合作为文章标题。故选D第二节阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Afoodallergy(过敏)isamedicalconditionthatoccurswhenthebody’sprotectionsystemperceivescertain

10foodsasathreatandrespondstothemwithanallergicreaction.Symptoms(症状)ofafoodallergy____16____However,aseverereactioncantakeuptoafewhoursfollowingexposure.Symptomscanrangefrommildtosevere.Andtheymaydiffereachtimeaspecificallergenappears.Symptomscaninclude:askinrashorhives,swellingofthefaceorlips,orfeelinglightheadedordizzy.____17____Thatcansendthebodyintoshockormakeitdifficulttobreathe.JudgingafoodallergyDoctorsconsideranumberoffactorswheninvestigatingafoodallergy.Thoseincludebothapatient’ssymptomsandfamilyhistoryofallergies.Aphysicalexaminationmaybeperformedtoruleoutanyotherconditions.____18____TreatingafoodallergyItmaynotbepossibleforapatienttocompletelyavoidfoodsthatinduce(导致)anallergicreaction.Forminorreactions,youcantakesomemedicine.Forseverereactions,however,turntodoctorsforhelp.____19____Theonlysurewaytopreventanallergicreactiontofoodistocarefullyavoidtheallergens.Thiscanbeadifficultprocess.Thatrequirespatientstocarefullystudyfoodlabelstoensurethefoodissafeforthem.____20____Soit’snecessarytoinformfamilyorfriendsofthefoodthatcancauseafoodallergy.A.Avoidingharmfromallergy.B.Preventinganallergicreaction.C.Noteveryoneknowswhatafoodallergyis.D.Butmanypeopledon’tknowtheallergens.E.Othertestscanincludebloodtestororalfoodchallenge.F.Anallergicreactiontofoodusuallyoccurswithinminutes.G.Forsomepeople,certainallergenscanbringaseverereaction.【答案】16.F17.G18.E19.B20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是食物过敏、过敏的症状以及如何预防食物过敏。【16题详解】根据下文“However,aseverereactioncantakeuptoafewhoursfollowingexposure.(然而，严重的反应可能会持续几个小时)”可知，设空处应该介绍食物过敏症状出现的时间，故F项“对食物的过敏反应通常在几分钟内就会发生。”能够承接上文。故选F项。

11【17题详解】根据上文“Symptomscaninclude:askinrashorhives,swellingofthefaceorlips,orfeelinglightheadedordizzy.(症状包括：皮疹或荨麻疹，面部或嘴唇肿胀，或感觉头晕或头晕)”及下文“Thatcansendthebodyintoshockormakeitdifficulttobreathe.(这会使身体休克或呼吸困难)”可知，前句介绍各种过敏症状，后句提到过敏的严重反应。故G选项“对某些人来说，某些过敏原会引起严重的反应。”能够承上启下。故选G项。【18题详解】根据上文“Aphysicalexaminationmaybeperformedtoruleoutanyotherconditions.(体检可以排除任何其他情况)”可知，前句介绍通过体检来判断是否食物过敏，因此E选项可以承接上文说明其它测试的内容。故E选项“其他测试包括血液测试或口服食物挑战。”切题。信息词“Othertests”和“examination”呼应。故选E项。19题详解】根据下文“Theonlysurewaytopreventanallergicreactiontofoodistocarefullyavoidtheallergens.(预防食物过敏反应的唯一可靠方法就是小心地避开过敏原)”可知，本段主要介绍了如何避免食物过敏。故B选项“预防过敏反应。”适合作本段主题句。故选B项。【20题详解】根据下文“Soit’snecessarytoinformfamilyorfriendsofthefoodthatcancauseafoodallergy.(所以有必要告知家人或朋友哪些食物会导致食物过敏)”可知，很多人不知道过敏原是什么。故D选项“但是很多人不知道过敏原是什么。”符合此处语境。故选D项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。GraduationDayisamemorableexperienceforallwhoparticipate.Familiesandfriends____21____tocelebratetheaccomplishment,andstudentsare____22____aboutwhatthefutureholdsandnearlycan’twaittohugtomorrow.Butwhendutycalls—itdoesn’tmatterwhat____23____itis,youanswerthecall.SixLongIslandHighSchoolstudentsrecentlygraduated,butthey’ll____24____morethangettingtheirgraduationcertificate.Astheyweretakingphotosexcitedlyaftertheceremony,they____25____toagaragefire.Oftenduringan____26____,oneneverknowswhattheyareheadinginto.Inthiscase,thestudents____27____respondingtoastructurefireatoneoftheirfellowgraduates’home.____28____,thefirewasputoutquickly.Thesixstudentswhocontrolledthefirehavebeen____29____forthistypeofsceneforyearssincethey

12becamejuniorvolunteer_____30_____.Butthiswasthefirsttimetheyhadgotinvolved.Allaregratefulforthestudents’_____31_____andwishthemwell.Thestudentsadmittedthenightbeforethatthey_____32_____aboutwhatwouldhappenifafireoccurredontheirgraduationday.Thepunchline(笑点):itactually_____33_____.Andtheyhandleditverywell.Theirgraduationdaydidn’tendinthe_____34_____way,butitwillstillbeonetorememberaccordingtoRyan,oneoftheheroes.Hesaid,“Wedefinitelyrememberitasa_____35_____memory.”21.A.agreeB.gatherC.promiseD.combine22.A.excitedB.seriousC.worriedD.cautious23.A.experienceB.difficultyC.occasionD.campaign24.A.expectB.doC.rememberD.admit25.A.keptB.ledC.contributedD.responded26.A.assessmentB.explosionC.interactionD.emergency27.A.endedupB.wentonC.feltlikeD.adaptedto28.A.ObviouslyB.NaturallyC.FortunatelyD.Accordingly29.A.trainingB.standingC.applyingD.calling30.A.organizersB.soldiersC.laborersD.firefighters31.A.giftsB.actionsC.companyD.warning32.A.jokedB.heardC.quarrelledD.complained33.A.stayedB.happenedC.fellD.existed34.A.rightB.uniqueC.traditionalD.innovative35.A.terribleB.distantC.virtualD.cool【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.C25.D26.D27.A28.C29.A30.D31.B32.A33.B34.C35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了几个接受过培训的高中生初级消防员在参加毕业典礼时接到火警电话，迅速做出反应，成功灭火的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：家人和朋友聚在一起庆祝这一成就，学生们对未来感到兴奋，几乎迫不及待地想要拥抱明天。A.agree同意，赞成；B.gather聚集，召集；C.promise承诺，保证；D.combine结合，组合。根据上文“GraduationDay”和句中“tocelebratetheaccomplishment”可推知，毕业日那天，学生的朋友和家人会聚集到一起来参加毕业典礼。故选B。

13【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：家人和朋友聚在一起庆祝这一成就，学生们对未来感到兴奋，几乎迫不及待地想要拥抱明天。A.excited激动的，兴奋的；B.serious严重的，危急的；C.worried担心的，发愁的；D.cautious小心的，谨慎的。根据下文“can’twaittohugtomorrow”可知，他们在毕业时会非常兴奋，对未来充满了期待。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当使命召唤你时——不管是什么场合，你都要响应。A.experience经历；B.difficulty难题，困难；C.occasion时刻，场合；D.campaign活动，运动。根据下文可知作为志愿消防员的学生正在参加毕业典礼时发生了火灾，所以此处是指不管是什么场合，当使命在召唤时，他们都要响应号召。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：六名长岛高中的学生最近毕业了，但他们记住的不仅仅是拿到毕业证。A.expect期待；预计；B.do做，干；C.remember回想起，记得；D.admit承认。根下“Wedefinitelyrememberitasa15memory.”以及语境可知，这几个学生记住的不仅仅是他们的毕业证，还有他们的经历。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们在仪式结束后兴奋地拍照时，他们对一场车库火灾做出了反应。A.kept保持；B.led领导；C.contributed有助于，贡献；D.responded回答，回报。根据上文“youanswerthecall”以及下文“Inthiscase,thestudents7respondingtoastructurefireatoneoftheirfellowgraduates’home.”可知，他们对火警做出了回应。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通常在紧急情况下，人们永远不知道他们将面对什么。A.assessment评估，评价；B.explosion爆破，爆炸；C.interaction互动，交流；D.emergency突发事件，紧急情况。根据上文“agaragefire”可知，此处是指消防员所遇到的紧急情况。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在这种情况下，学生们最终在他们的一个毕业生的家中对一场建筑火灾做出了反应。A.endedup结束，告终；B.wenton继续；C.feltlike想（做某事）；D.adaptedto适合，适应于。在紧急情况下，一般人们不会知道他们奔赴的情况如何，可是在这次情况中，他们结果遇到的是一名毕业生家中着火的状况。endupdoing意为“结果是”。故选A。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，火很快就被扑灭了。A.Obviously显然，显而易见；B.

14Naturally自然地，天然地；C.Fortunately幸运地；D.Accordingly相应地，照着。根据下文“thefirewasputoutquickly.”可知，大火很快被扑灭了，这一点是比较幸运的。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：控制火势的6名学生自从成为初级志愿消防员以来，多年来一直在为这种场景进行训练。A.training锻炼，培养；B.standing站立；C.applying应用；D.calling给……取名。“Butthiswasthefirsttimetheyhadgotinvolved.”可知，这几个学生消防员一直在训练，但这是第一次真正参与救火。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：控制火势的6名学生自从成为初级志愿消防员以来，多年来一直在为这种场景进行训练。A.organizers主办单位，组织者；B.soldiers]士兵；C.laborers劳动者；D.firefighters消防员。根据故事内容可知，他们参与救火，所以他们应该是志愿消防员。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有人都对学生们的行为表示感谢，并祝他们一切顺利。A.gifts礼品；B.actions行动；C.company公司；D.warning警示。根据常识以上“thestudents7respondingtoastructurefire”以及“thefirewasputoutquickly”可知，所有人都感激学生们的行动。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生们承认，他们在前一天晚上开玩笑说，如果毕业那天发生火灾会发生什么。A.joked说笑话，开玩笑；B.heard听到；C.quarrelled吵架；D.complained报怨。结合常识可知，他们不可能在前一天晚上就知道第二天会发生的事情，所以“如果毕业那天发生火灾”是他们的玩笑。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：笑点是：它真的发生了。他们处理得很好。A.stayed停留；B.happened发生；C.fell跌落；D.existed存在。根据故事内容可知，而他们开玩笑的事竟然真地发生了。故选B。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的毕业日并没有以传统的方式结束，但据其中一位英雄瑞恩说，这仍然是一个值得记住的日子。A.right正确的；B.unique独一无二的，独特的；C.traditional传统的；D.innovative革新的，新颖的。在参加毕业典礼时，学生们去救火，由此可推知，他们的毕业日可能不会像传统的毕业典礼那样结束。故选C。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说:“我们绝对记得这是一段很酷的回忆”。A.terrible糟糕的；B.distant遥远的；C.virtual虚拟的；D.cool酷的。根据上“butitwillstillbeonetorememberaccordingtoRyan

15”以及故事内容可知，Ryan会把这件事情当作很酷的回忆而永记在心。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ChinesearcheologistshavesuccessfullyunearthedananimalbronzestatueattheSanxingduiRuinsinSouthwestChina’sSichuanProvince.____36____(weigh)morethan300grams,themythicalbeastisaboutonemetertallandonemeterlonganditisalsothelargestanimalbronzestatueever____37____(see).Thebronzestatuelookslikeamythicalbeast____38____alargemouth,slimwaistandfourfeet.Ofnote,ahumanfigurewearingalongcoatstands____39____(exact)ontheheadofthebeast.Researchersthinkthatitmayshowthatthepersonisridingorcontrollingthebeast.ZhaoHao,theresearcherincharge,explainsthatsincetheexcavationoftheSanxingduiRuinsfirststartedin1986,alltheanimalstatues____40____(be)small,around20-30centimeterslong,butthe____41____(discover)ofthenewbronzestatuesetsanewrecord,andasofnow,is____42____onlylarge-sizedanimalstatue.Thechestofthebeastalsosportstheimageofatree.“Thistree,____43____wasdirectlycastonthebeast,reflectsafactthatindicatesthattheSanxingduipeopleregarded____44____(tree)asakindofremarkablething,”Zhaosaid.Sofar,nearly14,000_____45_____(culture)relicshavebeenextractedfromthesacrificialpitsatSanxingdui.【答案】36.Weighing37.seen38.with39exactly40.havebeen41.discovery42.the43.which44.trees45.cultural【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在三星堆遗址成功出土的迄今为止最大的动物青铜器——重量超过300克的神话野兽。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这只神秘的野兽重达300多克，高约1米，长约1米，也是迄今为止所见过的最大的动物青铜雕像。此处是非谓语短语作状语，句子主语themythicalbeast和动词weigh之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词，weigh意为“重量为”。句首单词需大写首字母。故填Weighing。【37题详解】

16考查非谓语动词。句意：这只神秘的野兽重达300多克，高约1米，长约1米，也是迄今为止所见过的最大的动物青铜雕像。根据句子结构可知，设空处在句中作后置定语，被修饰词statue和动词see之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词。故填seen。【38题详解】考查介词。句意：铜像看起来像一个神话中的野兽，有一个大嘴巴，纤细的腰和四脚。根据句意可知，此处是with介词短语作定语，表示特点“具有”。故填with。【39题详解】考查副词。句意：值得注意的是，一个穿着长外套的人恰好站在野兽的头上。修饰动词stands，应用副词，作状语。故填exactly。【40题详解】考查时态语态。句意：负责研究的赵浩解释说，自1986年开始挖掘三星堆遗址以来，所有的动物雕像都很小，大约20-30厘米长，但新发现的青铜雕像创造了新的记录，到目前为止，是唯一的大型动物雕像。根据中的since短语可知，句子应用现在完成时。主语为alltheanimalstatues。故填havebeen。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：负责研究的赵浩解释说，自1986年开始挖掘三星堆遗址以来，所有的动物雕像都很小，大约20-30厘米长，但新发现的青铜雕像创造了新的记录，到目前为止，是唯一的大型动物雕像。句子的谓语动词是sets，因此设空处应该填单数名词discovery，作主语。故填discovery。【42题详解】考查冠词。句意：负责研究的赵浩解释说，自1986年开始挖掘三星堆遗址以来，所有的动物雕像都很小，大约20-30厘米长，但新发现的青铜雕像创造了新的记录，到目前为止，是唯一的大型动物雕像。“theonly”为固定搭配，意为“唯一的”。故填the。【43题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这棵直接铸在兽身上的树反映了一个事实，即三星堆人把树视为一种了不起的东西。根据句子结构可知，reflects是句子的谓语动词，设空处是非限制性定语从句的关系词，在句中作主语，指代先行词tree，应用关系代词which。故填which。【44题详解】考查名词复数。句意：这棵直接铸在兽身上的树反映了一个事实，即三星堆人把树视为一种了不起的东西。tree为可数名词，无不定冠词修饰，应用复数形式。故填trees。【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：到目前为止，从三星堆的祭祀坑中挖掘出了近14000件文物。修饰名词relics，应用形容词，作定语。故填cultural。

17第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，你想参加学校即将举行的中学生摄影展，请给你的新西兰朋友James发邮件，希望他给你一些建议。内容包括：1.写信目的;2.征求建议。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:DearJames,Howareyoudoingrecently?TherewillbeaphotographicexhibitiontobeheldinourschoolwhichIwanttotakepartin.Knowingyouaregoodatphototaking,Iturntoyouforsomeadvice.Tobeginwith,IwonderwhatkindofphotosIshouldtake,becauseIthinkaphotowithagoodthememeansalot.What’smore,Iamnotskilledattakingphotosandknowlittleaboutrelatedtechniques.SoIhopeyoucantellmesomethingaboutthat.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生给新西兰朋友James发邮件，希望他能就中学生摄影展给出一些建议。【详解】1.词汇积累最近：recently→lately参加：takepartin→participatein建议：advice→suggestion

18此外：what’smore→besides2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Knowingyouaregoodatphototaking,Iturntoyouforsomeadvice.拓展句：BecauseIknowyouaregoodatphototaking,Iturntoyouforsomeadvice.【点睛】【高分句型1】TherewillbeaphotographicexhibitiontobeheldinourschoolwhichIwanttotakepartin.(运用了which引导的定语从句)【高分句型2】Tobeginwith,IwonderwhatkindofphotosIshouldtake,becauseIthinkaphotowithagoodthememeansalot.(运用了what引导的宾语从句和because引导的状语从句)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Youcanalwaysbelievepatienceandperseverance(毅力)arealwaysrewardedwhateveryoudo.ThiswasalessonElilearned.Eliismyseven-year-oldgrandson.IalwaysteachhimthingsIthinkheshouldknow,andhetriestoteachmetoplaysomeofthegamesthatIhaveforhimonmyiPad.Heisverypatientandpersistent,butsofarnosuccesswiththat.It’salljustforeigntome.Theotherday,Eliandhisdadcameforavisit.Icouldtellsomethingwasbotheringhimandaskedhimwhatwaswrong.Atfirst,hejustshruggedandsaidnothingwaswrong.Buthisbodylanguagetoldmeadifferentstory.Iaskedagain—pushingalittle.Elisaidthathewashavingaproblem.Hewastryingtolearnhowtoblowbubble-gumbubbles(口香糖泡泡).Itseemedlikeallofhisfriendscouldblowbubble-gumbubbles,buthejustcouldn’tdoit.Itriedtoexplainhowtodoit,butasidefrommakingfunnyfacesandstickingoutmytongue,nothinggotaccomplished.HetriedtodowhatIsaid.Hischeekspuffedout(鼓起).Hisfacegotred.Hemadefunnynoises.Butnobubbles.ThenIhadanidea.IaskedEliifhehadanotherpieceofgum—andnottheABCkind.Hedid.Hegaveittome.Now,Ihadn’tchewedapieceofbubblegumforyears.Wow,it’ssweet.Andonepieceishuge.Itfilledmyentiremouth.Idon’trememberapieceofbubblegumbeingthatbig.Ichewedandchewedandchewed.Finally,thatpieceofgumbecamemoremanageable.Iworkedthatpieceofgumaroundinmymouthandwrappeditaroundmytongue,andthenIslowlyblewabubble.Nice!Iguessit’slikeridingabicycle.EventhoughIhadn’ttriedblowingbubbleswithbubblegumforyears,Icompletelyrememberedhowtodoitatthefirstattempt.Afterthebubbleburst,IbegantoshowElihowtoblowbubbles,butstillnothingworked.注意：

191.续写词数应150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Justwhenwewerebothabouttogiveup,hegotthatknowingkindoflookonhisface.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________“Iblewabubble.”Elishoutedexcitedly.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:Justwhenwewerebothabouttogiveup,hegotthatknowingkindoflookonhisface.Hemovedthegumaroundinhismouth,wrappingitaroundhistongue.Hesatupstraighter,andthenheslowly,veryslowly,blew.Hisfacegotred,andhischeekspuffedout.Slowly,veryslowly,abubbleappeared.Itwasaverytinybubble,butitwasstillabubble.Hisbeautifulblueeyesjustlitup.Andthen,“Pop!”Asquicklyasheblewit,itdisappeared.Butitdidn’tmatter.Eliwassoexcited.“Iblewabubble!”Elishoutedexcitedly.“Oh,yes,Eli,Isaw.Itwasaperfectbubble,too.Pleasedoitagain.”EliandIwereblowingbubblestogetherandlaughing.Eachtimeheblew,thebubblewouldgetalittlebigger.Sometimes,thebubblewouldburst.Sometimes,minedid,too.Webothwoundupwithbubblegumonournosesandchins,whichmadeuslaugh.Sometimes,thebubblesgotreallybiganddidn’tburst.Successrequirespatience,right?Youcanalwaysbelievepatienceandperseverancearealwaysrewarded.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者通过教自己的孙子学吹泡泡这件事情告诉我们一个道理，无论你做什么，耐心和毅力都会得到回报。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“就在我们都要放弃的时候，他脸上露出了一种会心的表情。”可知，第一段可描写他学吹泡泡的动作和心里的感受。

20②由第二段首句内容“‘我吹了个泡沫。’伊莱兴奋地喊道。”可知，第二段可描写作伊莱成功后的喜悦之情和作者的感悟。2.续写线索：吹泡泡——失败——再尝试——成功——兴奋——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①放弃：giveup/abandon②出现：appear/arise③消失：disappear/fadeaway情绪类①激动的：excited/thrilled②笑：laughe/smile【点睛】【高分句型1】Hemovedthegumaroundinhismouth,wrappingitaroundhistongue.(运用了非谓语动词作伴随着状语)【高分句型2】Webothwoundupwithbubblegumonournosesandchins,whichmadeuslaugh.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)听力答案：1~5BABBC6~10BBCAC11~15ABCBA16~20BCACB

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