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铁人中学2019级高二下学期期末考试英语试题试题说明:1、本试题满分150分,答题时间120分钟。2、请将答案填写在答题卡上,考试结束后只交答题卡。第Ⅰ卷第一部分:基础知识考查(每小题1分,共30小题,满分30分)根据句意,选择单词或短语并以其适当形式填空。A.depositB.propertyC.curriculumD.graffitiE.function1.Becarefulnottodamageotherpeople’s________.2.Musicis anessentialpartof theschool’s________.3.Buildings,oldandnew,arethicklycoveredwith________.4.The________oftheheartistopumpbloodthroughthebody.5.Theinitial________requiredtoopenanaccountisaminimum100dollars.【答案】1.B2.C3.D4.E5.A【解析】【分析】【1题详解】考查名词。句意:小心不要损坏别人的财产。分析句子可知,设空前是名词所有格,名词所有格与名词连用,所以设空处应用名词,作宾语;根据句意可知,设空处意为“财产”,“财产”为不可数名词,用property表示。故选B项。【2题详解】考查名词。句意:音乐是学校课程的重要组成部分。分析句子可知,设空前是名词所有格,名词所有格与名词连用,所以设空处应用名词,作宾语;根据句意可知,设空处意为“课程”,用curriculum表示;在此处表示“学校的课程”这个整体概念,应用单数形式。故选C项。【3题详解】考查名词。句意:建筑物,无论新旧,都被厚厚的涂鸦覆盖着。分析句子可知,设空前是介词with,所以设空处做介词的宾语,应用名词形式;根据句意可知,设空处意为“涂鸦”,“涂鸦”是不可数名词,用graffiti
1表示。故选D项。【4题详解】考查名词。句意:心脏的功能是把血液输往全身。分析句子可知,设空前有冠词the,设空后有介词of,所以设空处应用名词;设空所在部分The________oftheheart作句子的主语;根据句意可知,设空处意为“功能”,此处“心脏的功能”是单数概念,用function表示。故选E项。【5题详解】考查名词。句意:开户所需的初始存款至少为100美元。分析句子可知,设空前有冠词the和形容词,所以设空所在结构Theinitial________是一个名词词组,所以设空处应用名词;根据句意可知,设空处意为“存款”,“存款”表示钱的概念,是不可数名词,用deposit表示。故选A项。根据句意,选择单词或短语并以其适当形式填空。A.circulateB.advocateC.distributedD.estimatedE.occupied6.Itis________thattheprojectwilllastfouryears.7.Thecapitalhasbeen________bytherebelarmy.8.Theorganization________foodtotheearthquakevictims.9.Manyexperts________rewardingyourchildforgoodbehaviour.10.Rumours(谣言)beganto________abouthisfinancialproblems.【答案】6.D7.E8.C9.B10.A【解析】【6题详解】考查被动语态。句意:据预估,这个项目将持续4年。结合句意,此处表示“据预估”,应用itisestimatedthat...。故选D。【7题详解】考查时态和语态。句意:首都已被叛军占领。后文提到叛军,可知是占领首都,应用occupy,此处用现在完成时的被动语态,故设空处应用过去分词。故选E。【8题详解】考查动词和时态。句意:这个组织把食物分发给地震灾民。本句主语是“组织”,宾语是“食物”,结合句意,应该是组织分发食物,distribute“分发”,结合语境用一般过去时态,故选C。
2【9题详解】考查谓语动词。句意:许多专家主张奖励孩子的良好行为。结合句意,此处表示专家主张某事,应用advocate,此处陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时。故选B。【10题详解】考查动词原形。句意:关于他的经济问题的谣言开始流传。本句主语是“谣言”,谣言应该是流传,circulate“流传”符合句意,此处为不定式作宾语,空处用动词原形,故选A。根据句意,选择单词或短语并以其适当形式填空。A.abruptB.keenC.considerateD.subjectiveE.numb 11.My fingers are ________withcold.12.Itwasvery________ofhimtowait.13.I wasn't too ________ on physics andchemistry.14.Hecaughtmeoffbalance withhis________changeofsubject.15.Sometimes our opinions are________, so we'dbetter thinktwice before we make adecision.【答案】11.E12.C13.B14.A15.D【解析】【分析】【11题详解】考查形容词。句意:我的手指冻麻了。空处作表语,根据后文withcold以及句意“麻木”可知应填形容词numb。故填numb。故选E。【12题详解】考查形容词。句意:他肯等人真是周到。空处作表语,根据后文himtowait以及句意“周到”应填形容词considerate。故填considerate。故选C。【13题详解】考查形容词。句意:我不太喜欢物理和化学。空处作表语,根据后文onphysicsandchemistry
3以及句意“喜欢”可知应填形容词keen。故填keen。故选B。【14题详解】考查形容词。句意:他突然改变话题,真使我不知所措。空处作定语,根据后文changeofsubject以及句意“突然改变”可知应填形容词abrupt。故填abrupt。故选A。【15题详解】考查形容词。句意:有时我们的意见是主观的,所以我们最好三思而后行。空处作表语,根据上文Sometimesouropinionsare以及句意“主观的”可知应填形容词subjective。故填subjective。故选D。根据句意,选择单词或短语并以其适当形式填空。A.behalfB.pedestrianC.intervalD.chaosE.agenda16.Thehousewas in________ aftertheparty.17.Forthegovernment,educationisnow atthetopofthe________.18.The________betweenmajorearthquakesmightbe200years.19.Ingrid wasa walker, even in LosAngeles,wherea ________ isa rare sight.20.On________ofthedepartmentIwouldliketothankyouall.【答案】16.D17.E18.C19.B20.A【解析】【详解】1.考查名词和短语。句意:聚会结束后,房子里一片混乱。inchaos“混乱”,根据常识,聚会后房子会很乱。故选D。2.考查名词。句意:对政府来说,教育现在是日常工作事项的首要任务。agenda“日常工作事项”,根据句意,教育是政府工作的首要任务,冠词后接名词,agenda符合句意,故选E。3.考查名词。句意:大地震之间的时间间隔可能是200年。冠词修饰名词作主语,根据句意,此处表示大地震的间隔,interval“间隔”,符合句意,故选C。4.考查名词。句意:英格丽德是一个步行者,甚至在洛杉矶,那里步行者也很少见。不定冠词修饰名词,作主语,由awalker推断,pedestrian“行人;步行者”符合句意,故选B。5.考查名词和短语。句意:我想代表公司感谢你们大家。onbehalfof“代表”是固定短语,根据句意,故选A。根据句意,选择单词或短语并以其适当形式填空。A.commercialB.hospitableC.isolatedD.incredibleE.tentative
421.I'm takingthe first________ stepstowards fitness.22.Elderlypeopleeasilybecomesocially________.23.Thelocalpeoplearevery________tostrangers.24.Thepension funds areadministered( 管理) by ________ banks.25.Itseemed________thatpeoplewouldstillwanttoplayfootballduringawar.【答案】21.E22.C23.B24.A25.D【解析】【21题详解】考查形容词。句意:我正在试着迈出健康的第一步。根据“thefirst”可知,此处是指试着迈出第一步,所以应用形容词tentative表示“尝试性的”作定语修饰名词steps。故选E。【22题详解】考查形容词。句意:老年人很容易被社会孤立。根据“Elderlypeople”可知,此处是指老年人很容易被社会孤立。所以应用形容词isolated表示“孤立的”作表语。故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词。句意:当地人对陌生人非常热情好客。根据“tostrangers”可知,此处是指当地人对陌生人非常热情好客。所以应用形容词hospitable表示“热情好客的”作表语。故选B。【24题详解】考查形容词。句意:养老基金由商业银行管理。根据“Thepensionfundsareadministered”可知,此处是指商业银行,应用形容词commercial表示“商业的”作定语修饰名词banks。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词。句意:令人难以置信的是,在战争期间,人们还想踢足球。根据“peoplewouldstillwanttoplayfootballduringawar”可知,此处是指这件事令人难以置信,所以应用形容词incredible表示“令人难以置信的”作表语。故选D。根据句意,选择单词或短语并以其适当形式填空。A.leaveoutB.arisefromC.brokedownD.setfootonE.knockover26.ItwasthefirsttimeIhad________Africansoil.27.Becarefulnotto________theflowervase.28.Talkswithbusinessleaders________lastnight.29.Emotionalormentalproblemscan________aphysicalcause.
530.Youcan________thethirdsentencetomaketheessayshorter.【答案】26.D27.E28.C29.B30.A【解析】【26题详解】考查动词短语和助动词用法。句意:这是我第一次踏上非洲土地。根据“Africansoil”可知,此处是指踏上非洲的土地,动词短语setfooton意为“踏上”,在助动词had后应用过去分词。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词短语和todo不定式。句意:小心别把花瓶碰倒了。becarefulnottodo意为“小心不要做某事”,为固定搭配。根据“theflowervase”可知,此处是指小心别把花瓶碰倒了。动词短语knockover意为“撞倒”。在todo不定式中应用动词原形。故选E。【28题详解】考查动词短语和一般过去时。句意:昨晚与商界领袖的谈判失败了。根据lastnight可知,此处应用一般过去时。根据“Talkswithbusinessleaders”可知,此处是指谈判失败。动词短语breakdown意为“(讨论、关系)失败”。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词短语和情态动词用法。句意:身体原因可以引起情绪或精神问题。根据“Emotionalormentalproblems”和“aphysicalcause”可知,此处是指情绪或精神问题可能是由于身体原因,动词短语arisefrom意为“起因于”。在情态动词can后应用动词原形。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词短语和情态动词用法。句意:你可以省略第三句使文章更短。根据“maketheessayshorter”可知,此处是指省略第三句。动词短语leaveout意为“省略”。在情态动词can后应用动词原形。故选A。第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节:(共15小题:每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASummerBoardingCoursesSummerBoardingCourses(SBC)isanaward-winningUKsummerschoolproviderforinternationalstudentsaged11-17.Pleasejointhestudentsfromover100countries.SBCCanfordSummerSchool(Ages11-15)islocatedatCanfordSchool,TatlerSchoolAwardsPublicSchooloftheYear2019.ItiswithineasyreachofthecoastaltownofBournemouthandisoneofthemostpopular
6UKdestinationsforEnglishlanguagelearningoutsideofLondon.Dates:Monday6July-Monday10August2020namsttTeachingHours:15HoursPerWeekCourses:GeneralEnglish,EnglishLiterature,IntroductiontoBusinessHeadingtonOxfordSummerSchool(Ages13-16)islocatedinthebeautifulcityofOxford,justa30-minutewalkfromthecitycentre.Itprovidesstudentswithawonderfulsettinginwhichtostudyandmeetotherstudentsfromaroundtheworld.Dates:Saturday4thJuly-Saturday18thJuly2020TeachingHours:20HoursPerWeekCourses:GeneralEnglish,SummerStudy,GlobalYoungLeadersSBCatEtonCollege(Ages11-16),only34kilometersfromLondon,providesstudentswiththeopportunitytostudyatoneoftheworld’smostfamousschools.Foundedin1440byKingHenryVI,EtonCollegehaseducated20BritishPrimeMinistersaswellasmanyauthors,scientists,actorsandexplorers.Dates:Monday13July-Monday24August2020TeachingHours:15HoursPerWeekCourses:GeneralEnglish,Mathematics,STEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,Maths)OxfordCollegeSummerSchool(Ages15-17)givesstudentsthechancetoexperiencetheverybestofwhatOxfordhastooffer.StudentsliveandstudyinthefamousuniversitycityofOxford.Forover800yearsithasbeenhometotheleadingacademicmindsinscientificandculturalstudies.Dates:Monday6July-Monday17August2020./TeachingHours:15HoursPerWeekCourses:Business&Leadership,Engineering,Medicine31.Whichschooldoesn’tprovideGeneralEnglish?A.SBCCanfordSummerSchool.B.HeadingtonOxfordSummerSchool.C.SBCatEtonCollege.D.OxfordCollegeSummerSchool.32.WhatmakesSBCatEtonCollegedifferentfromtheothers?A.Ithasproducedmanyheadsofgovernment.B.Ithaseducatedsomeleadingacademicminds.C.Ithasinvitedauthorsandscientistsaseducators.
7D.IthasbecomeawinnerofTatlerSchoolAwards.33.WhichagerangeisHeadingtonOxfordSummerSchoolfor?A.Ages11-15.B.Ages13-16.C.Ages11-16.D.Ages15-17.【答案】31.D32.A33.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了英国四所提供暑期寄宿课程的学校。【31题详解】细节理解题。从四所学校提供的“Courses”信息可知,第四所学校OxfordCollegeSummerSchool的课程设置里没有GeneralEnglish这一门课。故选D项。【32题详解】细节理解题。对SBCatEtonCollege介绍“EtonCollegehaseducated20BritishPrimeMinistersaswellasmanyauthors,scientists,actorsandexplorers.”从这句话可知,这所大学不仅教出了许多作家,演员和探险家,还教出了20位英国首相,这与A选项里“manyheadsofgovernment”的表述一致。而其他学校没有这一特点。故选A项。【33题详解】细节理解题。对HeadingtonOxfordSummerSchool介绍的(Ages13-16)可知,这所学校适合的年龄是13岁到16岁,故选B项。BTheRenaissance,consideredbymodernscholarstohavebeenthetimebetween1300and1600,wasaperiodofEuropeanhistorywhenmanynewinventionsandbeliefscameintobeing.TheRenaissanceistracedbacktorichItaliancitiessuchasFlorence,Milan,andVenice.Inthesecitiesbusinessmenstartedtospendtheirextramoneyonthingslikepaintingandeducation,andtoconsidernewtechniquesofbankingandsystemsofgovernment.Anewtypeofscholar,thehumanist(人文主义者)arose.Humanismwasconcernedwithhumankindandculture.LatinandGreek,literatureandphilosophy,musicandmathematicswereamongthesubjectshumanistsstudied.TheRenaissancegaverisetonewformsofpaintingandsculpture.DuringtheRenaissance,artistswerenolongerregardedasmereartisans(工匠).Manyartistsdrewonmathematicsinordertobecomemoreaccurateintheirmeasurementsandtomakesureanobjectwaspresentedinrealisticproportions.Theyalsostudiedtheway
8lighthitsobjectsandthewaysoureyesperceiveit.Anewkindofpaint,calledoilpaint,wasinvented.TheRenaissanceaffectedallofthesociety.Manypeoplebecameinterestedinpolitics,andtheworldoutsidetheirtowns.Theybecameexplorers,businessmen,etc.Theeffectonreligionwasespeciallystrong.IntheMiddleAgespeoplewereprimarilyconcernedwithservingthechurchandgettingtoheaven.Buttheincreaseinartsandeducationgavepeoplethingstolookforwardtoinlife,andmadethemloseinterestinthechurch.TheRenaissanceproducedmanygreatminds.LeonardodaVinciwasoneofthegreatest,althoughhewasnotregardedthatwayatthetime.AmonghismanyworksofartwereTheMonaLisaandTheLastSupper.Heisalsoregardedasagreatinventor,andiscreditedforcomingupwiththeideaofthehelicopter.34.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,theRenaissance________.A.occurredalloverEuropeB.startedinItalyC.influencedart,finance,andphysicaleducationD.wasthemostpopularinFlorence35.WhichofthefollowingtookplaceduringtheRenaissance?A.Peoplestoppedgoingtochurch.B.Newformsofpaintingemerged.C.Oilpaintbecameverypopular.D.Thehumanistsdisappeared.36.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.duringtheRenaissancemanyexplorersandbusinessmenappearedB.businessmenstartedtheRenaissanceC.people’sinterestineducationdeclinedD.thehumaniststookpowerduringtheRenaissance37.Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinthispassage?A.TheRenaissanceinEurope.B.ThebirthplaceoftheRenaissance.C.TheeffectsoftheRenaissance.D.SomefamousartistsinEurope.【答案】34.B35.B36.A37.C【解析】【分析】
9本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了文艺复兴给整个社会所带来的影响,以及这个时期社会上所出现的新现象。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“TheRenaissanceistracedbacktorichItaliancitiessuchasFlorence,Milan,andVenice.(文艺复兴时期可以追溯到富裕的意大利城市,如佛罗伦萨、米兰和威尼斯)”可知,文艺复兴运动始于意大利,故选B。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“TheRenaissancegaverisetonewformsofpaintingandsculpture.(文艺复兴时期产生了新的绘画和雕塑形式)”及“Anewkindofpaint,calledoilpaint,wasinvented.(一种被称为油画的新绘画被发明)”可知,油画这种新的绘画形式在文艺复兴时期出现了。故选B。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Manypeoplebecameinterestedinpolitics,andtheworldoutsidetheirtowns.Theybecameexplorers,businessmen,etc.(许多人开始对政治和他们的城镇以外的世界感兴趣。他们成为了探险家、商人等)”可知,在文艺复兴时期出现了许多探险家和商人等。故选A。【37题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段内容“TheRenaissance,consideredbymodernscholarstohavebeenthetimebetween1300and1600,wasaperiodofEuropeanhistorywhenmanynewinventionsandbeliefscameintobeing.(文艺复兴被现代学者认为是在1300年到1600年之间,是欧洲历史上许多新发明和信仰出现的时期)”以及下文的具体介绍可知,文章主要介绍了文艺复兴给整个社会所带来的影响,以及这个时期社会上所出现的新现象。故选C。CTheshadowplayisatypicaltraditionalentertainmentthathassurvivedandthrivedoverthecenturies.Itistakenasanearliestancestorofmoderncinema.Legendhasitthatmorethan2,000yearsago,EmperorWudioftheWesternHanDynastywasverydepressedoverthedeathofhisfavoriteconcubine(妃子).Tohelphimgetoverhissadness,aministermadeapuppetoutofcottonandsilkinthelikenessoftheconcubineandprojecteditsshadowonacurtainfortheemperortosee.Theshowbroughttheemperorsomecomfort.Hesomehowbelievedtheshadowwashislover’spirit.Thisisthoughttobethebeginningoftheshadowplay.Onemouthtellsstoriesofthousandsofyears;apairofhandsoperatesmillionsofsoldiers.Thisishowtheshadowpuppeteerworks.Nicknamed“thebusinessofthefive”,ashadowpuppetgroupismadeupoffivepeople.Oneoperatesthepuppets,oneplaysaSuonaandaYueqin,oneplaystheBanhu,oneisinchargeofpercussion(打击乐器)instruments,andonesings.
10Duringperformances,“actors”areheldclosetoawhitecurtainwiththeircoloredshadowscastonitbyastronglightfrombehind.Theoperatorplaysfivepuppetsatthesametime,eachofwhichhasthreethreads.Tenfingershandlefifteenthreads.Movedbyguidingsticks,thepuppetsplayroleswithmusicalaccompaniment.Thepopularityofshadowplayinsomewayliesintheequipmentbeinglightandeasytocarry,thesmallnumberofpeopleneededforaperformance,andtheflexiblerequirementsforperformanceplaces.Theplayscanbequitedramaticand,whenitcomestofairytalesorkungfustories,the"actors"maybemadetorideoncloudsorperformunusualfeats,tothegreatenjoymentoftheaudience,especiallychildren.Thedesignofthefiguresfollowstraditionalmoralevaluation.Theaudiencecantellafigure’scharacterbyseeinghismask.LikethemasksinBeijingOpera,aredmaskrepresentshonesty,ablackmask,loyalty,andawhiteone,betrayal.Nowadays,theshadowplayhasbeenindustrializedanddevelopedaseriesoftouristproductsforthepromotionofChinesecultureandtourism.38.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.AlovestoryofEmperorWudi.B.HowtopleaseanEmperor.C.Theoriginoftheshadowplay.D.Howtomakeacottonpuppet.39.Accordingtotheauthor,theaudiencemaytakegreatpleasure___________.A.whenrolesareplayedwithoutmusicB.becausetheequipmentislighttocarryC.whenthepuppetsgivelivelyperformancesD.becausethenumberoftheoperatorsissmall40.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheRapidDevelopmentofBeijingOperaB.ShadowPuppetry:TraditionalArtsandCraftsC.TheBusinessoftheFive:AShadowPuppetGroupDTraditionalCharactersandMasksinBeijingOpera41.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureofshadowplay?A.Negative.B.Doubtful.C.Positive.D.Unconcerned.【答案】38.C39.C40.B41.C【解析】
11【分析】本文是说明文。文章讲述了皮影戏是一种典型的传统娱乐活动,在过去的几个世纪中一直存在并繁荣发展,它被认为是现代电影的雏形。【38题详解】段落大意题。根据第二段“Legendhasitthatmorethan2,000yearsago,EmperorWudioftheWesternHanDynastywasverydepressedoverthedeathofhisfavoriteconcubine(妃子).Tohelphimgetoverhissadness,aministermadeapuppetoutofcottonandsilkinthelikenessoftheconcubineandprojecteditsshadowonacurtainfortheemperortosee.Theshowbroughttheemperorsomecomfort.Hesomehowbelievedtheshadowwashislover'sspirit.Thisisthoughttobethebeginningoftheshadowplay.”可知,相传在2000年前,西汉皇帝汉武帝因其最爱的妃子去世而感到沮丧。为了帮助他摆脱悲伤,一名大臣用棉花和丝线制成了一个像妃子一样的木偶并将其影子投射在幕布上供皇帝看。这个表演使皇帝感到了些安慰。他相信影子是妃子精神的存在。人们认为这是皮影戏的开始。因此第二段主要讲的是皮影戏的由来。故选C。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“the“actors”maybemadetorideoncloudsorperformunusualfeats,tothegreatenjoymentoftheaudience,especiallychildren.”可知,“演员”骑在云上或表演非凡的壮举,以使观众特别是孩子们感到极大的享受。即观众可能会很高兴当有人操作木偶进行活跃的表演时。故选C。【40题详解】标题判断题。通读全文尤其是第一段可知,皮影戏是一种典型的传统娱乐活动,在过去的几个世纪中一直存在并繁荣发展,它被认为是现代电影的雏形。因此文章的最佳标题是“皮影戏:传统手工艺”,它符合文章的内容。故选B。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Nowadays,theshadowplayhasbeenindustrializedanddevelopedaseriesoftouristproductsforthepromotionofChinesecultureandtourism.”可知,如今皮影戏已经产业化,并开发了一系列旅游产品来促进中国文化和旅游业的发展。因此作者对皮影戏的未来持肯定态度。故选C。DWhilethehumanworldissufferingfromthenovelcoronavirusoutbreak,ourplanetisactuallyshowingcertainsignsof“recovery”fromthedamagecausedbyhumanactivity.AccordingtotheBBC,newsatelliteimagesreleasedbytheEuropeanSpaceAgencyshowedthatlevelsofairpollutantsandgreenhousegaseshave“fallensharply”inmajorcitiesinEuropeandtheUnitedStateseversincethelockdownstarted.ThisiswhathappenedafterrecentdiscoveriesinAntarctica.Aninternationalteamof89scientistsfoundthattheiceinGreenlandandAntarcticaismeltingsixtimesfasterinthe2010sthanitwasinthe1990s.AndinFebruary,Argentina’sMarambioresearchstationinAntarcticarecordedarecordhightemperatureof20.75℃
12onthecontinent.Sowhatexactlywillhappenifthetemperaturekeepsrisingandtheicekeepsmelting?Athirdstudymightgiveyouanidea.AteamofscientistsdrilledaholeintotheseafloorinwestAntarcticaandextracted(提取)materialfromunderground,inwhichtheyfoundtracesofroots,sporesandpollen—typicalproductsofarainforest—thatdatedback90millionyearsago.Inotherwords,AntarcticawasverylikelyarainforestbackwhenthedinosaurswalkedonEarth.ButgiventhefactthattheSouthPolehasfourmonthsofdarknessduringwinter—evenmillionsofyearsago—scientistsbelievethattherainforestcouldonlyexistifthegreenhousegasconcentrationswereextremelyhighbackthentokeepthecontinentwarmwhentherewaslittleornosunlight.“Wedidn’tknowthatthisCretaceous(白垩纪的)greenhouseclimatewasthatextreme,”JohannKlagesoftheAlfredWegenerInstituteinGermanyandaco-authoroftheresearchtoldtheGuardian.“Itshowsuswhatcarbondioxideisabletodo.”Iceornoice,Antarcticawillbe—andhasalwaysbeen—finewithextremechanges.Thehumanworld,however,maynotbe.Now,duringthecoronaviruslockdown,we’veseenthechangesresultingfromlesshumanactivity.Hopefully,we’llholdontothosechanges—notforAntarcticaortheplanet,butforourselves.42.WhatdoesParagraph1mainlytellus?A.Ourplanetisreturningtoitsoriginalstateduetothenovelcoronavirusoutbreak.B.Thelockdownofmajorcitiescontributedtothedecreaseofgreenhousegases.C.Thenovelcoronavirushasapositiveeffectonthehumanbeings.D.Thenovelcoronavirusoutbreakresultedfromhumanactivity.43.Whatdowelearnfromthethirdstudy?A.TypicalproductsofarainforestweredugoutinAntarctica.B.TracesofdinosaurslivinginrainforestswerespottedinAntarctica.C.TherewasagoodpossibilityofhighgreenhousegasconcentrationsinAntarctica.D.ThereusedtobeenoughsunlightfortherainforestintheCretaceousAntarctica.44.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Humanactivitydoesn’tthreatenlifeinAntarctica.B.TheiceinAntarcticaismeltingfasterinthe2010sthannow.C.Weshouldreducecarbondioxideemissionsforourownsake.D.Thelockdowncanbecarriedontoslowdownglobalwarming.45.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?
13A.Toencourageustodefeatthenovelcoronavirus.B.Toexplaintheeffectsofgreenhousegases.C.TodrawourattentiontoecosysteminAntarctica.D.Tocallonustoreducehumanimpactontheenvironment.【答案】42.B43.C44.C45.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章首先提到新冠肺炎期间的封城给环境带来了一些积极影响,接着作者举例南极洲的考察发现告诉我们温室气体浓度上升对我们人类带了影响。最后作者提倡为了人类要减少对环境的影响。【42题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第1段AccordingtotheBBC,newsatelliteimagesreleasedbytheEuropeanSpaceAgencyshowedthatlevelsofairpollutantsandgreenhousegaseshave“fallensharply”inmajorcitiesinEuropeandtheUnitedStateseversincethelockdownstarted(据英国广播公司报道,欧洲航天局发布的新卫星图像显示,自封城开始以来,欧洲和美国主要城市的空气污染物和温室气体水平“急剧下降”)可知,文章第一段主要告诉我们由新冠肺炎所以引起的封城给环境带来了一些积极的影响,比如空气污染物和温室气体水平都急剧下降。故选B项。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第3段Inotherwords,AntarcticawasverylikelyarainforestbackwhenthedinosaurswalkedonEarth.ButgiventhefactthattheSouthPolehasfourmonthsofdarknessduringwinter—evenmillionsofyearsago—scientistsbelievethattherainforestcouldonlyexistifthegreenhousegasconcentrationswereextremelyhighbackthentokeepthecontinentwarmwhentherewaslittleornosunlight(换句话说,当恐龙在地球上行走的时候,南极洲很可能是一个热带雨林。但考虑到南极在冬天有四个月是黑暗的这一事实——即使是在几百万年前——科学家们相信,只有当温室气体浓度非常高的时候,热带雨林才能存在,因为那时阳光很少或根本没有)可知,当时的南极有可能是热带雨林是因为温室气体的浓度非常高。故选C项。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Now,duringthecoronaviruslockdown,we’veseenthechangesresultingfromlesshumanactivity.Hopefully,we’llholdontothosechanges—notforAntarcticaortheplanet,butforourselves(现在,在冠状病毒封城期间,我们看到了人类活动减少带来的变化。希望我们能坚持这些改变——不是为了南极洲或地球,而是为了我们自己)可知,冠状病毒封城期间,人类带给环境的积极影响要继续。为了我们自己好,我们要继续减少温室气体的排放。故选C项。【45题详解】
14推理判断题。文章第1段提到,因为封城导致了levelsofairpollutantsandgreenhousegaseshave“fallensharply”(空气污染物和温室气体水平“急剧下降”)。接着从文章的第2段至第4段举例南极洲的考查发现告诉我们温室气体升高对环境的作用。最后一段作者提出呼吁Hopefully,we’llholdontothosechanges—notforAntarcticaortheplanet,butforourselves(希望我们能坚持这些改变——不是为了南极洲或地球,而是为了我们自己)。综合分析,故选D项。第二节(共5个小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文,从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Howdolanguagesdie?Howmanylanguagesdoyouthinkthereareintheentireworld?Altogether,peoplearoundtheworldspeakabout6000languages.Doesthatsurpriseyou?____46____Today,abouthalftheworld’sspokenlanguagesareendangered.Expertssaythatanotherlanguagebecomesextincteverytwoweeks.Howdolanguagesdie?Theydiewhenpeoplestopusingthem.Butmostpeopledon’tjuststopspeakingtheirnativelanguage.It’smorecomplexthanthat.Moreoften,they’reeitherpressuredorforcedtodoso.____47____Theyareoftenpressuredtospeakthearea’smainlanguageinsteadoftheirown.Thisleadsmanyimmigrantstostopusingtheirnativelanguage.Theymightnoteventeachittotheirchildren.Slowly,thenativelanguagediesout.Sometimes,languagesshiftordevelopinsteadofbecominginstinct.HaveyoueverheardthatLatinisadeadlanguage?Inaway,itis.NoonetodayspeaksLatinastheirnativelanguage.____48____PeoplestilluseLatininmanyways.Scientistsuseittonameplantsandanimals.____49____Thatmeansthedeathofalanguagehurtspeople’sabilitytotakepartinculturaltraditions.Theymightloseaccesstostoriesandknowledgethatwerepasseddownformanyyears.Thisisonereasonwhymanypeopletodayareworkingtosavedyinglanguages.Howcanlanguagesbesaved?Someyoungpeoplelearnthelanguageoftheirancestorsasadults.Linguiststraveltheworldtorecordthelastnativespeakersofdyinglanguages.Somenativespeakerswritedictionariesintheirlanguage.Theydosointhehopethatfuturegenerationswillbringthelanguagesbacktolife.____50____A.Thereusedtobemanymore!B.Youmayhaveuseitinschool.C.Languageisextremelycloselytiedtoculture.D.Butthatdoesn’tmeanitdisappearedcompletely.E.Oneexampleiswhenpeoplemovetoadifferentcountry.
15F.Manyprogrammesalsoworktohelppreservenativelanguageandcultures.G.Thereareplentyofthingstodotohelpprotectlanguage.【答案】46.A47.E48.D49.C50.F【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了语言消亡的原因、语言消亡对文化传承的冲击和人们对保护语言和文化所做的努力。【46题详解】根据后文“Today,abouthalftheworld’sspokenlanguagesareendangered.”(今天,世界上大约一半的语言濒临灭绝。)可知,此处是讲过去的语言种类更多,所以选项A“以前有更多!”切合文意。故选A。【47题详解】根据后文“Theyareoftenpressuredtospeakthearea’smainlanguageinsteadoftheirown.”(他们经常被迫说当地的主要语言而不是自己的母语。)可知,此处是讲当人们搬到一个不同的国家时,他们被迫放弃自己的母语,所以选项E“一个例子是当人们搬到一个不同的国家。”切合文意。故选E。【48题详解】根据后文“PeoplestilluseLatininmanyways.”(人们仍然在很多方面使用拉丁语。)可知,此处是讲拉丁语并没有完全消失,和前文“NoonetodayspeaksLatinastheirnativelanguage”(现在没有人以拉丁语为母语)构成转折关系,对应转折词but。所以选项D“但这并不意味着它完全消失了。”切合文意。故选D。【49题详解】根据后文“Thatmeansthedeathofalanguagehurtspeople’sabilitytotakepartinculturaltraditions.”(这意味着一种语言的消亡会损害人们参与文化传统的能力。)可知,此处是讲语言和文化紧密相连,所以选项C“语言与文化有着极其紧密的联系。”切合文意。故选C。【50题详解】根据前文“Linguiststraveltheworldtorecordthelastnativespeakersofdyinglanguages.Somenativespeakerswritedictionariesintheirlanguage.”(语言学家走遍世界各地,记录那些正在消亡的语言的最后的母语使用者。一些说母语的人写他们的语言的字典。)可知,此处是讲人们对保护语言和文化的努力,所以选项F“许多项目也致力于保护当地语言和文化。”切合文意。故选F。第三部分英语知识运用完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题中所给的四个选项(ABCD)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。KetakiKale,whoisnow33,startedhercareerasanursenineyearsago.Atthattimeitwasimpossiblefor
16herto____51____shewouldbesentofftothefrontlineto____52____againstapandemic(流行病).Kaletrembledwithin,asshebrokethenewstoher____53____shehadbeensenttotheCOVID-19ward(病房)atNaiduHospital,Pune.Kale'smother-in-law,aretirednurse,who____54____Ketakitotakeupnursing,remindedherofthespiritofservicethatnursesmustbe____55____to.“Yougo,”shesaid.“Iwilllookafterthekids”.Therewere15COVIDspecialpatientsunderher____56____.Kalesayswith____57____,“Duringtheirhospitalstay,theyhaveformed____58____withusandwebecometheirfamiliesawayfromhome.”Butthehospitalstaffareextremely____59____whentheyareabletosendthepatientshomeaftertheirrecovery.Infact,an85-year-oldlady_____60_____aboutamonthago.Thisincidenthas_____61_____castashadowovertheward.Tomakesureotherpatientsarenot_____62_____,Kalecheersthemupwithjokes_____63_____possible.Butthereareavarietyofdutiestheyneedto_____64_____:givingmedicinesandinjectionstopatientsandhelpingthemwith_____65_____.Servingthedoctorswithpatients’_____66_____isalsoanimportanttask.“Iamconcernedaboutmy_____67_____,”saysKale,whohasn'tgonehomefortwomonths.Kale’shusband,Ganesh,hastohelptodo_____68_____andlookaftertheirsonsthoughheisbusywithhiswork.“Nomatterhow_____69_____youare,theriskremains,"saysKale.However,beingonthefrontline,and_____70_____thedisease,hasmadeherstrongandevenmorecommitted."Ourpatientscomefirst,beforeanythingelse,"shesays.51.A.persuadeB.imagineC.judgeD.forecast52.A.competeB.guardC.protectD.fight53.A.familyB.friendC.partnerD.colleague54.A.forcedB.informedC.inspiredD.warned55.A.familiarB.openC.accustomedD.committed56.A.watchB.careC.controlD.leadership57.A.pityB.confidenceC.warmthD.surprise58.A.bondsB.organizationsC.unitsD.teams59.A.calmB.shockedC.funnyD.happy60.A.brokedownB.leftoffC.passedawayD.gaveout61.A.slowlyB.obviouslyC.randomlyD.exactly62.A.affectedB.involvedC.ignoredD.infected63.A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whenever64.A.takeoffB.lookforC.focusonD.jumpat
1765.A.fruitsB.mealsC.studiesD.jokes66.A.conditionB.appointmentC.experienceD.advice67.A.relativesB.boysC.patientsD.parents68.A.schedulesB.operationsC.researchD.housework69.A.powerfulB.intelligentC.carefulD.determined70.A.battlingB.noticingC.examiningD.following【答案】51.B52.D53.A54.C55.D56.B57.C58.A59.D60.C61.B62.A63.D64.C65.B66.A67.B68.D69.C70.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了护士KetakiKale奔赴抗击新冠肺炎疫情第一线,积极护理病人的故事。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:当时,她无法想象自己会被派往抗击流行病的第一线。A.persuade说服;B.imagine想象;C.judge判断;D.forecast预报。根据后文“Kaletrembledwithin”可知,新冠肺炎流行病来得突然,Kale被派往抗击流行病的第一线,心情还是很紧张的,所以说“她无法想象”此事。故选B项。【52题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:当时,她无法想象自己会被派往抗击流行病的第一线。A.compete比赛;B.guard保卫;C.protect保护;D.fight战斗,与……作斗争。根据后文“againstapandemic”可知,此处指“抗击”流行病,“与流行病作斗争”。故选D项。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:当Kale把自己被派往Pune市Naidu医院的COVID-19病房的消息告诉家人时,她的内心在颤抖。A.family家庭,家人;B.friend朋友;C.partner搭档;D.colleague同事。根据后文“Kale’smother-in-law,aretirednurse,who____4____Ketakitotakeupnursing…”可知,Kale把消息告诉了家人。故选A项。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:Kale的婆母是一名退休护士,她鼓励Ketaki从事护理工作,提醒她护士必须有救死扶伤的精神。A.forced强迫;B.informed通知;C.inspired激励,鼓励;D.warned警告。根据后文“remindedherofthespiritofservicethatnursesmustbe____5____to.‘Yougo,’shesaid.‘Iwilllookafterthekids’.”可知,Kale的婆母是支持Kale的工作的,所以此处指“鼓励”她从事护理工作。故选C项。【55题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:Kale的婆母是一名退休护士,她鼓励Ketaki
18从事护理工作,提醒她护士必须有救死扶伤的精神。A.familiar熟悉的;B.open开放的;C.accustomed惯常的;D.committed尽心尽力的。根据后文“‘Yougo,’shesaid.‘Iwilllookafterthekids’.”可知,Kale的婆母是支持Kale的工作的,所以此处指提醒她护士必须尽心尽力地服务病人。故选D项。【56题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:在住院期间,有15名新冠肺炎特殊患者得到了她的护理照顾。A.watch观察;B.care护理,照顾;C.control控制;D.leadership领导力。因为Kale是护士,她的工作是护理,所以这里指“护理照顾”。故选B项。【57题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:Kale暖心地说:“在他们住院期间,我们彼此建立了联系,我们成了他们(远离家乡)的家人。”A.pity怜悯;B.confidence信心;C.warmth温暖;D.surprise惊讶。根据后文Kale所说的内容“webecometheirfamiliesawayfromhome”可知,Kale等医护人员和病人之间亲如家人,所以指Kale暖心地说这些话。故选C项。【58题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:Kale暖心地说:“在他们住院期间,他们和我们建立了联系,我们成了他们(远离家乡)的家人。”A.bonds纽带,联系;B.organizations组织;C.units单位;D.teams团队。根据后文“webecometheirfamiliesawayfromhome”可知,医护人员和病人建立了联系,亲如一家。故选A项。【59题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但是,当能够在病人康复后把他们送回家时,医院的工作人员是非常高兴的。A.calm镇静的;B.shocked震惊的;C.funny有趣的;D.happy快乐的。根据后文“whentheyareabletosendthepatientshomeaftertheirrecovery”可知,虽然医护人员和病人亲如家人,但是当病人康复回家时,医护人员有成功的快乐,为病人的康复而高兴。故选D项。【60题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:事实上,一位85岁的女士一个月前去世了。A.brokedown(身体)垮掉;B.leftoff停止,遗漏;C.passedaway去世;D.gaveout分发。根据后文“Thisincidenthas____11____castashadowovertheward.”可知,这件事给病房蒙上了一层阴影,所以这里指“这位高龄女士去世了”。故选C项。【61题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:这件事显然给病房蒙上了一层阴影。A.slowly慢慢地;B.obviously明显地,显然地;C.randomly随意地;D.exactly确切地。基于前文分析可知,根据常识可知,一位老人的去世,很显然地给病房蒙上一层阴影。故选B项。【62题详解】考查过去分词词义辨析。句意:为了确保其他病人不受影响,Kale
19在任何可能的情况下都用笑话来鼓舞他们。A.affected受影响的;B.involved有关联的;C.ignored被忽视的;D.infected被感染的。基于前文的分析可知,一位老人的去世,给病房蒙上一层心理阴影,所以护士所做的是不让其他病人心理上“受影响”。故选A项。【63题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意:为了确保其他病人不受影响,Kale在任何可能的时候都用笑话来鼓舞他们。A.whichever无论哪个;B.however不管怎样;C.whatever无论什么;D.whenever无论何时。后文“possible”(前面省略了itis)和主句“Kalecheersthemupwithjokes”之间是时间关系,whenever“无论何时”符合句意。故选D项。【64题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:但他们需要专注于各种各样的职责:为病人提供药物和注射,并帮助他们吃饭。A.takeoff脱掉;B.lookfor寻找;C.focuson专注于;D.jumpat迫不及待地接受。这里描述护士们的专心工作,根据前文“avarietyofduties”可知,此处指护士们专注于各种各样的职责。故选C项。【65题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:但他们需要专注于各种各样的职责:为病人提供药物和注射,并帮助他们吃饭。A.fruits水果;B.meals饭餐;C.studies学习,研究;D.jokes笑话。根据护理常识可知,护士需要帮助病人吃饭,其他项“水果;学习;玩笑”均不符合句意。故选B项。【66题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:根据病人的情况为医生服务也是一项重要的任务。A.condition条件,状况;B.appointment约会;C.experience经验,经历;D.advice建议。根据常识可知,护士要根据病人的情况为医生提供服务,其他项如“约会;经历;建议”均不符合句意。故选A项。【67题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:“我很担心我的儿子,”已经两个月没回家的Kale说。A.relatives亲戚;B.boys男孩;C.patients病人;D.parents父母。根据后文“Kale’shusband,Ganesh,hastohelptodo____18____andlookaftertheirsonsthoughheisbusywithhiswork.”可知,Kale也在担心自己的儿子。故选B项。【68题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:Kale的丈夫Ganesh虽然工作很忙,却不得不帮忙做家务和照顾他们的儿子。A.schedules工作计划;B.operations手术,C.research研究;D.housework家务。根据前文“whohasn'tgonehomefortwomonths”可知,Kale在抗疫第一线,没办法回家,所以丈夫不得不帮忙做家务。故选D项。【69题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:“不管你有多小心,风险依然存在,”Kale说。A.powerful有力的;B.intelligent聪明的;C.careful细心的,小心的;D.determined
20坚定的。根据传染病常识可知,不管多么小心,被传染的风险还是有的。故选C项。【70题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而,在前线与疾病战斗,让她变得更加坚强,更加坚定。A.battling战斗;B.noticing注意;C.examining检查;D.following跟随。根据前文“beingonthefrontline”可知,这里把抗击流行病看作是战争前线,所以这里指“与疾病战斗”。故选A项。第Ⅱ卷第一节:语法填空(共10题,每题1.5分,共15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。It'snowbeenovertwodecadessincescientistsinScotlandsuccessfullyclonedasheepandnamedthenewbornDolly.Eversince,thetechnologythatpowerscloning____71____(advance)slowlybutsteadily.Recently,scientistsinChinahaveclonedtwobouncingbabymonkeys,theoretically(理论上)____72____(open)thedoorforthecloningofhumans.____73____,theresearchesstressthattheyhavenointentionofcloninghumans.Theythinkthatthegeneralpublicandthegovernmentwillnotallowtheextensionof____74____(apply)ofthesemethodsfromnon-humanprimatestohumans.Instead,theultimategoalistocreateclonedmonkeysthatcanbeusedtotestnewtreatmentsfordiseases____75____(associate)withhumangenes.Theresearchisgreatly____76____(benefit)tothemedicaldevelopment.Themonkeys,bothfemale,arenamedZhongZhongandHuaHua,fromtheword“Zhonghua”,____77____meaningis“Chinesenation”.TheywereproducedeffectivelyusingsomeofcloningthatcreatedDolly22yearsago.Theresearchersplantocontinueimproving____78____techniquecalledsomaticcellnucleartransfer(体细胞核移植)____79____(increase)theefficiencyofcloning.Thesametechniquehasbeenusedtoclone23differentmammal____80____(species)sofar,includingsheep,mice,cattle,pigs,catsanddogs.【答案】71.hasadvanced##hasbeenadvancing72.opening73.However##Nevertheless74.application75.associated76.beneficial77.whose78.the79.toincrease80.species【解析】
21【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。最近,中国科学家克隆了两只蹦蹦猴,理论上为克隆人类打开了大门。文章对此进行了报道。【71题详解】考查现在完成时或现在完成进行时。句意:从那以后,为克隆提供动力的技术一直在缓慢但稳定地发展。根据“Eversince”可知,此处可用现在完成时。此处也可表示动作发生在过去,一直持续到现在,并且在将来一段时间内仍将进行,使用现在完成进行时。句子主语technology为第三人称单数。故填hasadvanced/hasbeenadvancing。【72题详解】考查现在分词。句意:最近,中国科学家克隆了两只蹦蹦猴,理论上为克隆人类打开了大门。动词open意为“打开”,和谓语之间没有连词,和句子“scientistsinChinahaveclonedtwobouncingbabymonkeys”构成主动关系,所以应用现在分词作状语。故填opening。【73题详解】考查副词。句意:然而,研究人员强调他们无意克隆人类。“theresearchesstressthattheyhavenointentionofcloninghumans”和前文“theoreticallyopeningthedoorforthecloningofhumans”构成转折关系,且空格后有逗号,所以应用副词however或nevertheless表示“然而”。句首首字母应大写。故填However/Nevertheless。【74题详解】考查名词。句意:他们认为普通大众和政府不会允许这些方法从非人类灵长类动物延伸到人类。在介词of后应用名词application表示“应用”作宾语。故填application。【75题详解】考查过去分词。句意:相反,他们的最终目标是创造出可以用来测试与人类基因相关疾病的新疗法的克隆猴子。动词associate意为“使关联”,和谓语之间没有连词,和逻辑主语diseases构成被动关系,且动作已完成,所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填associated。【76题详解】考查形容词。句意:该研究对医学的发展有很大的帮助。在is后应用形容词beneficial表示“有益的,有利的”作表语,bebeneficialto意为“有益于”。故填beneficial。【77题详解】考查定语从句。句意:这两只猴子都是雌性,分别名为“中中”和“华华”,取自“中华”一词,意为“中华民族”。在非限制性定语从句中meaning和先行词“Zhonghua”构成所属关系,所以应用关系代词whose表示“……的”。故填whose。【78题详解】
22考查定冠词。句意:研究人员计划继续改进体细胞核移植技术,以提高克隆效率。这种技术在前文“TheywereproducedeffectivelyusingsomeofcloningthatcreatedDolly22yearsago.”(它们是利用22年前克隆多莉的方法有效生产出来的。)中已经提及,所以此处为特指,应用定冠词the。故填the。【79题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:研究人员计划继续改进体细胞核移植技术,以提高克隆效率。继续改进体细胞核移植技术是为了提高克隆效率,所以应用todo不定式表目的。故填toincrease。【80题详解】考查名词复数。句意:到目前为止,这项技术已经被用于克隆23种不同的哺乳动物,包括羊、老鼠、牛、猪、猫和狗。在“23different”后应用名词复数。名词species意为“种类”,单复数形式相同。故填species。第二节:短文改错(满分10分)81.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。MyclassmatesHanMeiandIwenttothePalaceMuseumbytaxionlastSaturday.Onarrival,Ireachedformymobilephone,andIcouldn’tfinditanywhere.HanMeithoughtImusthaveleftitinataxi.Immediateshedialedmynumberandthetaxidriveransweredit.Hesaidmymobilephonehadleftonthebackseatofhiscarandhewoulddrivebacktoreturnthem.Twentyminuteslate,whenthedriverhandedmethephone,IwastoogratefulthatIofferedhimanextrafee.Butherefusedwithasmile,saythathewasverypleasedtohavehelpedme.【答案】1.classmates→classmate2.去掉last前的on3.and→but4.a→the5.Immediate→Immediately6.had后添加been7.them→it8.late→later
239.too→so10say→saying【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者和同学上周六去故宫时,作者把手机遗忘在了出租车上,司机好心给作者送回了手机,还拒绝作者的感谢费的故事。【详解】1.考查名词的数。句意:上星期六,我和我的同学韩梅乘出租车去了故宫。此处指同学韩梅,classmate应用单数形式。故classmates改为classmate。2.考查固定短语。句意:上星期六,我和我的同学韩梅乘出租车去了故宫。当时间名词前有this/that/these/those/last/next等词修饰时,不需要介词。故去掉last前的on。3.考查连词。句意:到达目的地后,我伸手去拿我的手机,但到处都找不到。上文提到拿手机,后文提到找不到,前后为转折关系,应用连词but。故and改为but。4.考查冠词。句意:韩梅想我一定是把它忘在出租车里了。此处特指把手机遗落在上面的出租车,应用定冠词the。故a改为the。5.考查副词。句意:她马上拨了我的号码,出租车司机接了电话。修饰后文整个句子应用副词immediately。故Immediate改为Immediately。6.考查动词语态。句意:他说我的手机落在他车的后座上,他会开车回去还给我。mobile与leave构成被动关系,结合上文had可知为过去完成时的被动语态。故had后添加been。7.考查代词。句意:他说我的手机落在他车的后座上,他会开车回去还给我。此处指归还作者的手机,为单数,应用代词it。故them改为it。8.考查副词。句意:20分钟后,当司机把电话递给我时,我非常感激,就额外给了他一笔钱。“一段时间+later”表示“多久之后……”;“一段时间+late”表示“迟到了多久”,此处应用later。故late改为later。9.考查副词。句意:20分钟后,当司机把电话递给我时,我非常感激,就额外给了他一笔钱。修饰后文形容词grateful应用副词so,构成so…that…引导结果状语从句。故too改为so。10.考查非谓语动词。句意:但他笑着拒绝了,说他很高兴能帮助我。分析句子结构可知say在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语he构成主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。故say改为saying。第三节写作(满分25分)82.假设你是李华,你的美国笔友John刚转入一所寄宿学校,他发来电子邮件向你询问如何与室友融洽相处。请根据以下内容,给他回一封电子邮件。要点:1.你的建议;2.说明理由;
243.表达祝愿。注意:1.词数100左右,开头和结尾已给出,但不计入总词数;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。DearJohn,I’mverygladtohearyou’restudyingatanewboardingschool.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJohn,I’mverygladtohearyou’restudyingatanewboardingschool.I’dliketogiveyousomeadviceabouthowtogetalongwellwithyourroommates.Communicationplaysaveryimportantpartinkeepingahealthyrelationship.Whenyourroommatesandyoufacesomeproblems,donotchoosetokeepeverythingtoyourselves.Youshoulddiscusstheproblemsandsolvethemtogether.Besides,cooperationisalsoimportantforagoodrelationship.Yourroommatesandyoushouldworkoutatimetable.Sharethechoresequallybasedonyourabilities.HopemyadvicewillbehelpfulandIwishyouahappylifeinyournewschool!Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲类写作。【详解】第1步:根据提示可知,假设你是李华,你的美国笔友John刚转入一所寄宿学校,他发来电子邮件向你询问如何与室友融洽相处。请根据以下内容,给他回一封电子邮件。要点:1.你的建议;2.说明理由;3.表达祝愿。第2步:根据写作要求,确定关键词(组):getalongwellwith(友好相处);playaveryimportantpartin(在……中起重要作用);chooseto(选择);discuss(讨论);cooperation(合作)等。第3步:根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句,注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。第4步:连句成文,注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡,书写一定要规范清晰,保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
25【点睛】范文内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式,如:Whenyourroommatesandyoufacesomeproblems,donotchoosetokeepeverythingtoyourselves.运用时间状语从句,全文中没有中国式英语的句式,显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明,上下句转换自然,为文章增色添彩。
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