北京市第十二中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期末英语试题（解析版）

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北京十二中2022—2023学年高一年级第一学期期末考英语试题考生须知1.本试卷共10页，分为三部分。总分100分。考试时间90分钟。2.将选择题答案填涂在答题卡上，第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。3.考试结束时，收答题卡。第一部分知识运用(共两节，25分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.AGood-luckDumplingWhenIwasinmymiddleage,somethingterriblehappenedtome.AsIwasawayfrom___1___foralmostayear,mywifeandchildrenwereextremelyworried.Andmymother,alreadyinhereighties,wasontheedgeofanervousbreakdown.OntheeveoftheSpringFestival,Iwasfinallyallowedtoreturnhome.Motherlookedatme,hereyesfilledwith___2___.Butsoonshesaid,“Let’sstartmakingdumplingsfortheFestival.”Andthenanidea___3___her,“Let’sputinacoinandmakeagood-luckdumpling.Whoevereatsitwillbeblessed(有福的).”Whilemakingthegood-luckdumpling,mymothersecretlymadea(n)___4___onit.Shepretendednothinghadhappened,butthetrickdidn’tescapemy___5___.AfterMotherboiledthedumplingsallbyherself,sheputthegood-luckdumplingontopoftheothersinabowlonpurposeandpushedthebowltome.Feelingloved,Istaredatherin___6___eyes.Ihadthoughtitwouldgiveheralovelysurpriseifsheatethegood-luckdumpling.Takingtheopportunitywhenshewenttothekitchen,Iputthedumplingintoherbowl.Obviously,whenMotherreturned,shedidn’t___7___itandwentoneatingwithhereyesonmeallthetime.“Ouch!”suddenlyshecriedout.Thecoinhadhurtherteeth.“Oh,Grannyisblessed”,mywife___8___.“I...howcome?”Motherwas___9___.Justatthatmoment,thecoinfelloutofhermouth.SoIjoinedmywifeandchildren,“Grannyisblessed!Motherisblessed!”Motherburstintolaughter,andthentears,asmywifeandI____10____withherallhersadnessandjoy.1.A.marketB.officeC.factoryD.home2.A.disbeliefB.curiosityC.horrorD.calm3.A.interestedB.impressedC.struckD.changed4.A.markB.decisionC.tryD.note5.A.handsB.mindC.lipsD.eyes6.A.anxiousB.sorrowfulC.gratefulD.sincere第19页/共19页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

17.A.takeB.noticeC.acceptD.permit8.A.arguedB.cheeredC.warnedD.suggested9.A.touchedB.inspiredC.confusedD.attracted10.A.sharedB.discussedC.rememberedD.found【答案】1.D2.A3.C4.A5.D6.C7.B8.B9.C10.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了离家很久的作者，在返回家中时，思念成疾的母亲为他做幸运饺子的感人故事。【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于我离家将近一年了，我的妻子和孩子们都非常担心。A.market市场；B.office办公室；C.factory工厂；D.home家。根据下文“OntheeveoftheSpringFestival,Iwasfinallyallowedtoreturnhome.”可知，在春节前夕，我终于获准回家了，所以此处是说我离开家已将近一年，我的妻子和孩子们都非常担心。故选D项。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：母亲看着我，眼里充满了怀疑。A.disbelief怀疑；B.curiosity好奇；C.horror荣耀；D.calm平静。根据上文“Andmymother,alreadyinhereighties,wasontheedgeofanervousbreakdown.”可知，我离家近一年，母亲非常想念我，所以在我返回到家中时，她难以置信我回来了。故选A项。【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她想到了一个主意：“我们放一枚硬币，做一个幸运饺子。谁吃到，谁就有福气。”A.interested使……感兴趣；B.impressed对……印象深刻；C.struck击中；D.changed改变。根据上文“Let’sstartmakingdumplingsfortheFestival.”可知，母亲开始只是要为春节做饺子，所以做一个幸运饺子，这是她后来想到的一个主意。Anideastrucksb.意思是“某人突然想到一个主意”。故选C项。【4题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在做这个幸运饺子的时候，母亲偷偷地在上面做了个标记。A.mark标记；B.decision决定；C.try尝试；D.note笔记。根据下文“sheputthegood-luckdumplingontopoftheothersinabowlonpurposeandpushedthebowltome.”可知，母亲在饺子煮好后，准确地找到这个幸运饺子并放到了我的碗里，所以说她在包饺子时就做好了标记。故选A项。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她假装什么也没发生，但这个伎俩没有逃脱我的眼睛。A.hands手；B.mind思想；C.lips嘴唇；D.eyes眼睛。根据下文“Feelingloved,Istaredatherin___6___eyes.”可知，在母亲把幸运饺子特意放在我的碗里时，我感受到了被爱，并且感激地看着她，说明我早已发现她做了标记的真相。故选D项。【6题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感受到了被爱，所以我充满感激地看着她。A.anxious焦急的；B.第19页/共19页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

2sorrowful伤心的；C.grateful感激的；D.sincere真诚的。根据上文“sheputthegood-luckdumplingontopoftheothersinabowlonpurposeandpushedthebowltome.”和“Feelingloved”可知，母亲把幸运饺子特意放在我的碗里，由此我感受到了母亲的爱，所以我充满感激地看着她。故选C项。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：母亲回来了，她没有注意到放在她碗里的幸运饺子，继续吃饭，眼睛一直看着我。A.take拿走；B.notice注意；C.accept接受；D.permit允许。根据下文“andwentoneatingwithhereyesonmeallthetime”可知，母亲继续吃饭时，眼睛一直看着我，所以她没有注意到我把那个幸运饺子放在她的碗里了。故选B项。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“哦，奶奶最有福气”，我的妻子欢呼道。A.argued争论；B.cheered欢呼；C.warned警告；D.suggested建议。根据上文“Whoevereatsitwillbeblessed(有福的).”可知，谁吃到幸运饺子，谁就有福气，所以妻子会欢呼，为母亲吃到幸运饺子而高兴。故选B项。【9题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“为什么是我？”母亲很迷惑。A.touched被感动的；B.inspired受鼓舞的；C.confused迷惑的；D.attracted被吸引的。根据上文“sheputthegood-luckdumplingontopoftheothersinabowlonpurposeandpushedthebowltome.”和““I...howcome?””可知，母亲把幸运饺子特意放在我的碗里，所以现在她自己却吃到了它，她感到很迷惑不解。故选C项。【10题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：母亲突然大笑起来，然后流泪，我和妻子与她一起分享她所有的悲伤和喜悦。A.shared分享；B.discussed讨论；C.remembered记住；D.found发现。根据上文“Motherburstintolaughter,andthentears”可知，母亲一下明白了我对她的爱，她所受过的再多的苦也是值得的，这让她悲喜交加，所以此时我和妻子陪着她，一起分享她所有的悲伤和喜悦。故选A项。第二节(共10小题:每小题1分;共10分)SectionA阅读下列短文，根据短文或句子内容填空.在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空.Festivals___11___(be)animportantpartofsociety.Theyreflectpeople’swishes,beliefs,faiths,andattitudestowardslife.Theyareoccasions___12___allowustorelaxandenjoylife,andforgetaboutourworkforalittlewhile.Theyhelpusunderstandwherewecamefrom,whoweare,and___13___toappreciate.Andifyoustudyfestivalscarefully,youmaybesurprisedtofindthatdifferentculturesactuallyhavealotincommonafterall.【答案】11.are12.that##which13.what【解析】第19页/共19页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

3【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了节日是社会重要的一部分。它们反映了人们人们的愿望、信仰和对生活的态度。节日是让我们放松和享受生活的场合，可以暂时忘记我们的工作。不同的文化中的节日实际上有很多共同之处。【11题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：节日是社会重要的一部分。文章讲述事实用一般现在时，主语festivals是复数，故填are。12题详解】考查定语从句。句意：它们是让我们放松和享受生活的场合，可以暂时忘记我们的工作。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词occasions，指物，从句中缺少主语，用关系代词which或者that引导定语从句，故填which/that【13题详解】考查疑问句。句意：它们帮助我们了解我们从哪里来，我们是谁，以及应该感激什么。分析句子可知，空处填疑问词，“疑问词+不定式”作宾语，与“wherewecamefrom,whoweare”作并列宾语，根据句意，what“什么”符合语境，作appreciate的宾语，故填what。SectionB阅读下列短文，根据短文或句子内容填空.在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空.I’mpartofanandroidfootballteam.Aboutonceayearwe___14___(allow)togettogethertoplayagameoffootball.I’masbigasahuman.Infact,Ilooklikeonetoo.OnthefootballteamI’minchargeofshooting___15___Imustrunveryfast.Mycomputerchipshelpmetomoveandthinklikeahuman.Forexample,Ihavelearnedtosendsignals___16___myteammatesincomputerlanguagetogivemetheballwhenIamopenandhaveagoodshotforagoal.【答案】14.areallowed15.so16.to【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。文章是一名机器人足球运动员讲述自己的经历。【14题详解】考查时态语态。句意：大约一年一次，我们被允许聚在一起踢足球。分析句子可知，空处在句中作谓语，句子描述一般性事实应用一般现在时，且动词allow与主语we是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动，主语是we，故填areallowed。【15题详解】考查连词。句意：在足球队我负责射击，所以我必须跑得很快。连接两个句子需用连词，根据句意，前后文是因果关系，故填so。【16题详解】考查介词。句意：例如，我学会了用计算机语言向我的队友发送信号，让他们在我处于空位并有机会射门时把球给我。sendsth.tosb.“发送……给某人”，是固定短语，故填to。SectionC阅读下列短文，根据短文或句子内容填空.在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空.第19页/共19页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

4Thecolourwasrushingtohischeeks,andhiseyeswerewideopen,___17___(shine)withjoy,andinthecentreofeacheye,rightintheverycentre,intheblackpupil,alittlesparkofwildexcitement___18___(dance)slowly.Thentheoldmantookadeepbreath,andsuddenly,withnowarningwhatsoever,anexplosionseemedtotakeplaceinsidehim.Hethrewuphisarmsandyelled‘Yippeeeeeeee!’Andatthesametime,hislong___19___(bone)bodyroseupoutofthebedandhisbowlofsoupwentflyingintothefaceofGrandmaJosephine,andinonefantasticleap,thisoldfellowofninety-sixandahalf,who___20___(be)inbedtheselasttwentyyears,jumpedontothefloorandstarteddoingadanceofvictoryinhispajamas.【答案】17.shining18.wasdancing19.bony20.hadbeen【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章是英文名著《查理和巧克力工厂》的节选。讲述了一位96岁的老人的心理和动作变化。【17题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：红晕涌上了他的脸颊，他的眼睛睁得大大的，闪烁着喜悦的光芒，在每只眼睛的中央，在黑色瞳孔的正中央，有一点疯狂兴奋的火花在慢慢跳动。分析句子可知，“(shine)withjoy”作状语，用非谓语动词形式，shine与逻辑主语hiseyes是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填shining。【18题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知，and连接两个分句，dance在后一分句中作谓语，文章主时态是一般过去时，根据句意，此处表示过去一段时间正在进行动作，用过去进行时，主语spark是单数，谓语动词用单数。故填wasdancing。【19题详解】考查形容词。句意：与此同时，他那瘦长的身体从床上跳了起来，他那碗汤飞到了约瑟芬奶奶的脸上。这个九十六岁半的老人，过去二十年一直躺在床上，奇妙的一个跳跃，跳到地板上，开始穿着睡衣跳起了胜利的舞蹈。分析句子可知，空处修饰名词body，用形容词作定语，故填bony。【20题详解】考查时态。句意同上。分析句子可知，who引导定语从句，修饰thisoldfellow，根据句意，“躺在床上二十年”先于jumped，表示“过去的过去”，用过去完成时。故填hadbeen。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，共30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.AThisTinyBoxWillHelpYouRelaxInTerribleSummerHeat!第19页/共19页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

5TraditionalAirConditioners(AC)areoutdated.Theycostalottoinstallandevenmoretorun.Theyarehuge,noisy,anddangeroustoclean.Youcan’tmovethemaroundthehousewithyouortakethemoutside!Thousandsofpeoplearenowusingamuchcheaperalternativetocoolthemselvesintheheatandcleantheirpersonalair.Withovermillionunitssoldworldwide,thisdeviceisbecomingoneofthemostsuccessfulgadgetsof2019.EVERYONEwantsthisawesomelookingboxforsummer!WhatAreWeTalkingAbout?MeetthenewAirFreez,aninnovativealternativetoACthatcoolsyoujustthesame!It’saperfectsolutionforthoseveryhotdaysandnights!TheAirFreezwasdesignedbytwoSwissengineerswhowerefedupsufferingthehotsummers.TheyrealizedthatACunitsaresuperinefficientandcostalotofmoneytouse.TheengineersalsodiscoveredthatnoneofthetraditionalACunitsweremadetotravelwith.So,theydesignedthislight-weight,portableAirCoolingbox.ItusesaverysmallamountofelectricityandallwithoutsacrificinganyofthemainbenefitsofatopACmodel!It’stiny,easytouseanditcancoolyouinseconds!WhatIsSoSpecialAboutThisLittleBox?ThemainbenefitsofAirFreezareitsportabilityandprice.Itisnolargerthanalunchbox.Besides,itcanbepoweredbyapocketsolarpanelorbatterypackandyouprobablyhavetheworld’smostportableACunit.AndThereIsOneMoreThing.Thepriceisjustamazing.MostACunitscostatleast$300ANDyouhavetopayforinstallationPLUScovertheexpensiveelectricitybillseachmonth.AirFreezcostslessthan$100(Actually$53foreachifyoubuymorethanonehere).Nomessyinstallation,noexpensiveelectricitybills.ForaCoolingunitofthisquality,thismustbethesinglebestprice-qualityACunitthereis!HowCanYouGetAnAirFreez?Nowthatyouareawareofthisamazingnewinvention,hereishowtogetone-orderitfromtheOfficialWebsiteforBESTPRICE.21.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeAirFreez?A.Smartbutheavy.B.Costlybutmulti-functional.C.Foldableandlasting.D.Handyandenergy-saving.22.WhatcanwelearnaboutAirFreez?A.Itcostslessthan$53.B.Itrequiresnocomplexinstallation.C.Itdoesn’tconsumeelectricity.D.Itisalittlelargerthanalunchbox.23.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?第19页/共19页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

6A.ToadvertiseAirfreezB.ToexplainthefunctionsofAirFreez.C.TointroducetheinventorsofAirFreez.D.TocompareAirFreezwithtraditionalAC.【答案】21.D22.B23.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇广告类文章。主要介绍了一个被称作AirFreez的小盒子能帮你在酷暑中放松。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据WhatAreWeTalkingAbout?中“So,theydesignedthislight-weight,portableAirCoolingbox.ItusesaverysmallamountofelectricityandallwithoutsacrificinganyofthemainbenefitsofatopACmodel!It’stiny,easytouseanditcancoolyouinseconds!”（所以，他们设计了这个重量轻，便携的空气冷却盒。它使用非常少的电力和所有没有牺牲任何一个顶级交流模式的主要好处！它很小，容易使用，可以在几秒钟内使你凉快！）可知，“方便和节能”可以最好地描述AirFreez。故选D项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据WhatIsSoSpecialAboutThisLittleBox?中“Nomessyinstallation,noexpensiveelectricitybills.”（没有凌乱的安装，没有昂贵的电费。）可知，关于AirFreez我们能了解到它不需要复杂的安装。故选B项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“HowCanYouGetAnAirFreez?Nowthatyouareawareofthisamazingnewinvention,hereishowtogetone-orderitfromtheOfficialWebsiteforBESTPRICE.”（如何获得airfreeze？现在，你已经意识到这个惊人的新发明，这里将是如何从官方网站获得一个订单，并且以最好的价格呈现给你。）故可推知，这篇文章的目的是为Airfreez做广告。故选A项。BIgotmarriedjustafterIgraduatedfromcollegeandfoundajobtosupportourfamilyatthenearbyMassachusettesInstituteofTechnology(MIT).ItwasinthelaboratoryofProf.EdwardLorenzthatIlearnedwhatacomputerwasandhowtodevelopsoftware.Onedaymyhusbandsawanewspaperadvertisement.TheMITInstrumentationLaboratorywaslookingforpeopletodevelopsoftwareto“sendmantothemoon”.Deeplyattractedbothbytheideaandthefactthatithadneverbeendonebefore,Ibecamethefirstprogrammertojoinandthefirstwomanthelabhired.Atthebeginningnobodythoughtsoftwarewassuchabigdeal.Butthentheybegantorealizehowmuch第19页/共19页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

7theywererelyingonit.Oursoftwareneededtobeveryreliableandabletodetectanerrorandrecoverfromitatanytimeduringthemission.Mydaughter,Lauren,likedtointimateme—playingastronaut.Oneday,shewaswithmewhenIwasdoingasimulation(模拟)ofamissiontothemoon.Shestartedhittingkeysandallofasudden,sheselectedaprogramwhichwassupposedtoberunbeforelaunch.Thecomputerhadsolittlespacethatitwipedthenavigationdatatakinghertothemoon.Ithought:myGod—thiscouldhappenbyaccidentinarealmission.Isuggestedaprogramchangetopreventaprelaunchprogrambeingselectedduringflight.Butthehigher-upsatMITandNASAsaidtheastronautsweretoowelltrainedtomakesuchamistake.Ontheverynextmission,Apollo8,oneoftheastronautsonboardaccidentallydidexactlywhatLaurenhaddone.TheLaurenbug!Itcreateddestructionandrequiredthemissiontoberearranged.Afterthat,theyletmeputtheprogramchangein.ItwastheprogramchangethathadacrucialinfluenceonthesuccessofthemissionofApollo11.DuringtheearlydaysofApollo,softwarewasnottakenasseriouslyasotherengineeringdisciplines(学科).ItwasoutofdesperationIcameupwiththeterm“softwareengineering”.Thenonedayinameeting,oneofthemostrespectedhardwareexpertsexplainedtoeveryonethatheagreedwithmethattheprocessofbuildingsoftwareshouldalsobeconsideredanengineeringdiscipline,justlikewithhardware.Itwasamemorablemoment.24.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?A.ShetaughtLaurentowritesoftware.B.Shegothermaster'sdegreefromMIT.C.SheisthefirstwomaneverhiredbyMIT.D.Shecreatedtheterm“softwareengineering”.25.“TheLaurenbug”inPara.5refersto______.A.apettoaccompanyLaurenB.amissiontolandonthemoonC.amistakecausingdatalossD.asoftwareendingprelaunch26.WhatgreatlycontributedtoApollo11'ssuccessaccordingtothepassage?A.Thein-timeuploadofdata.B.Theprogramchange.C.Astronauts'richexperience.D.Experts'newattitude.27.WhatcanwelearnfromMargaret'sstory?A.Honestyisthebestpolicy.B.Agoodbeginningishalfdone.C.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.D.Chancesfavorthepreparedmind.【答案】24.D25.C26.B27.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者是一个学习软件开发的女性，一次偶然的机会她从事了开发“载人登月”软件的工作，作者基于女儿在游戏中犯的一个错误建议更改程序以防止在飞行过程中选择预启动程序，事实证明这对阿波罗11号任务的成功产生了至关重要的影响。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“ItwasoutofdesperationIcameupwiththeterm“softwareengineering”.第19页/共19页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

8”可知，作者在绝望中提出了“软件工程”这个词，故D项正确。【25题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“sheselectedaprogramwhichwassupposedtoberunbeforelaunch.Thecomputerhadsolittlespacethatitwipedthenavigationdatatakinghertothemoon.”可知，作者的女儿劳伦犯了一个错误——选择了一个程序，这个程序应该是在启动前运行的，计算机的空间太小，以至于它抹去了带她去月球的导航数据，再根据画线词前的“oneoftheastronautsonboardaccidentallydidexactlywhatLaurenhaddone.”可知，一名宇航员不小心做了劳伦做过的事（犯的错误），由此可知画线词词义为“造成数据丢失的错误”，故C项正确。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“ItwastheprogramchangethathadacrucialinfluenceonthesuccessofthemissionofApollo11.”可知，正是程序的改变对阿波罗11号任务的成功产生了至关重要的影响，故B项正确。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“Isuggestedaprogramchangetopreventaprelaunchprogrambeingselectedduringflight.”及倒数第二段中的“ItwastheprogramchangethathadacrucialinfluenceonthesuccessofthemissionofApollo11.”可知，作者建议更改程序以防止在飞行过程中选择预启动程序，正是程序的改变对阿波罗11号任务的成功产生了至关重要的影响，由此可知，作者的故事告诉我们机会总是垂青有准备的人，故D项正确。【点睛】本篇第2题词义猜测题难度较大，抓住作者的女儿劳伦在操作过程中犯的错误是关键，根据第四段中的“sheselectedaprogramwhichwassupposedtoberunbeforelaunch.Thecomputerhadsolittlespacethatitwipedthenavigationdatatakinghertothemoon.”可知，劳伦犯了一个错误——选择了一个程序，这个程序应该是在启动前运行的，计算机的空间太小，以至于它抹去了带她去月球的导航数据，再根据画线词前的“oneoftheastronautsonboardaccidentallydidexactlywhatLaurenhaddone.”可知，一名宇航员不小心做了劳伦做过的事，也就是说他也犯了同样的错误，由此可知画线词词义为“造成数据丢失的错误”。CIfthereisoneplaceyoudon’twanttostickyourfinger,it’sthemouthofaPacificlingcod.Thesefearsomefishhavearound500needleliketeethstickingoutofjaws(颌)thatarestrongenoughtocrushcrustaceans(甲壳动物).Howlingcodmaintainthesharpnessoftheirterrifyingteethhaslongbeenapuzzle.Butastudy,publishedinNovemberintheProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyB,claimsthatPacificlingcodkeeptheirteethsharpandshinybyreplacingaboutthreepercentofthemeveryday.Foralingcod,that’supto20teethreplaceddaily.Inordertodeterminethefrequencyatwhichlingcodreplacetheirteeth,Ms.Cohen,acoauthorofthenewstudy,andhercolleagueskept20lingcodattheUniversityofWashington’sFridayHarborLaboratoriesandtrackedhowmanyteeththeylostandregrewoverseveraldays.Thefishwereplacedinatankofseawatermixedwithareddye(染料)thatcoloredtheirteeth,thenreturnedtotheirregulartankfor10days.Whenthe10dayswereup,thefishwereplacedinatankcontainingagreendyeandthenexamined.Theteeththatwerepresent第19页/共19页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

9sincethestartoftheexperimentwerebothredandgreen,whereasthenewteethwereonlygreen.Aftercollectingandexaminingatotalof10,000teeth,thescientistswereabletodeterminehowquicklylingcodlostandregrewtheirteethandwhichteethwerereplacedmostoften.Lingcod,likemostfish,havetwosetsofjaws:oraljawsandpharyngealjaws.Theiroraljawsareusedtocatchfoodwhiletheirpharyngealjaws,whicharepositionedintheirthroats,areusedtochewtheirfoodandmoveitfromtheirmouthstothestomach.Ms.Carr,theleadauthor,andcolleaguesfoundthatteetharereplacedmorefrequentlyinthebackofthemouth,wheremostofthechewingandcrushingtakeplace.Thewaylingcodreplacetheirteethislikelycrucialtotheirhuntingstrategy,saysKoryEvans,afishecologistatRiceUniversityinHouston.“Thedulleralingcod’steethare,theharderitisgoingtobeforittoholdontoitstarget.Sohavingtheabilitytoshedteethandreplacethemisprettyimportant.”Dr.Evanssaid,“Inordertomakeitasalingcod,youneedsharppointyteethandallyourteethneedtobeonpoint.”28.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Whatroleseawaterplayed.B.Whatconclusionwasreached.C.Howthestudywasconducted.D.Howteethchangedtheircolors.29.Accordingtothepassage,lingcod’steetharereplaced___________.A.every10daysB.tobetterhuntforfoodC.fasterintheoraljawD.withbiggerandsharperones30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“shed”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Repair.B.Sharpen.C.Lose.D.Examine.31.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthispassage?A.Towarnpeopleofthedangerofafish.B.Tointroducethefindingsofanewstudy.C.Tostresstheimportanceofreplacingteeth.D.Tosuggestnewwaystoconductstudiesonfish.【答案】28.C29.B30.C31.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一项新研究的发现，太平洋鳕鱼通过每天更换大约3%的牙齿来保持牙齿锋利和闪亮。【28题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Inordertodeterminethefrequencyatwhichlingcodreplacetheirteeth,Ms.Cohen,acoauthorofthenewstudy,andhercolleagueskept20lingcodattheUniversityofWashington’sFridayHarborLaboratoriesandtrackedhowmanyteeththeylostandregrewoverseveraldays.Thefishwereplacedinatankofseawatermixedwithareddye(染料)thatcoloredtheirteeth,thenreturnedtotheirregulartankfor10days.Whenthe10dayswereup,thefishwereplacedinatankcontainingagreendyeandthenexamined.Theteeththatwerepresentsincethestartoftheexperimentwerebothredandgreen,whereasthenewteethwereonlygreen.(为了确定鳕鱼换牙的频率，这项新研究的合著者科恩女士和她的同事们在华盛顿大学的周五港实验室保存了20条灵鳕鱼，并跟踪了几天内它们失去和再生的牙齿数量。这些鱼被放置在一个海水中混合了一种红色染料的水箱里，这些染料可以给它们的牙齿上色，然后再回到正常的水箱中10天。10第19页/共19页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

10天过后，这些鱼被放置在一个装有绿色染料的容器中，然后进行检测。实验开始后出现的牙齿是红色和绿色的，而新牙齿只有绿色。)”可知，本段陈述研究是如何进行的。故选C。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Thewaylingcodreplacetheirteethislikelycrucialtotheirhuntingstrategy,saysKoryEvans,afishecologistatRiceUniversityinHouston.“Thedulleralingcod’steethare,theharderitisgoingtobeforittoholdontoitstarget.Sohavingtheabilitytoshedteethandreplacethemisprettyimportant.”(休斯顿莱斯大学的鱼类生态学家KoryEvans说，鳕鱼更换牙齿的方式可能对它们的狩猎策略至关重要。“鳕鱼的牙齿越钝，它就越难抓住目标。所以拥有牙齿脱落和更换的能力是非常重要的。”)”可知，鳕鱼的牙齿被替换是为了更好地寻找食物。故选B。【30题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段划线词前句“Thedulleralingcod’steethare,theharderitisgoingtobeforittoholdontoitstarget.(鳕鱼的牙齿越钝，它就越难抓住目标。)”和后半句“andreplacethemisprettyimportant.(更换的能力是非常重要的。)”和常识可知，鳕鱼牙齿更换前旧的牙齿会脱落。所以shed为“脱落”之意。故选C。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Butastudy,publishedinNovemberintheProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyB,claimsthatPacificlingcodkeeptheirteethsharpandshinybyreplacingaboutthreepercentofthemeveryday.(但是11月发表在《英国皇家学会学报B》上的一项研究称，太平洋鳕鱼通过每天更换大约3%的牙齿来保持牙齿锋利和闪亮。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍一项新研究的发现，太平洋鳕鱼通过每天更换大约3%的牙齿来保持牙齿锋利和闪亮。所以推断写此篇文章的目的是介绍一项新研究的发现。故选B。DAscollegesportscontinuetobehugelypopularandtheNationalCollegiateAthleticAssociation(NCAA)bringsinlargeamountsofmoneypeoplehaverestartedthedebateonwhethercollegeathletesshouldgetpaid.Supportersoftheideabelievethat,becausecollegeathletesarebringinginaudiences,theyshouldreceivesomesortofcompensation(补偿).Infact,theNCAAbringsinabout$1billionincomeayear,butcollegeathletesdon’treceiveanyofthatmoneyintheformofapaycheck.Additionally,peoplewhobelievecollegeathletesshouldbepaidstatethatpayingcollegeathleteswillactuallyencouragethemtoremainincollegelongerandnotturnprofessionalsasquickly,eitherbygivingthemawaytobeginearningmoneyincollegeorrequiringthemtosignacontract(合同)sayingthey’llstayattheuniversityforacertainnumberofyearswhilemakinganagreed-uponsalary.Peoplewhoargueagainsttheideaofpayingcollegeathletesbelievethepracticecouldbedisastrousforcollegesports.Payingathleteswouldturncollegesportsintoabidding(竞拍)war,whereonlytherichestschools第19页/共19页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

11couldaffordtopathletes,andmostschoolswouldbeshutoutfromdevelopingatalentedteam.Itcouldalsoharmthecamaraderiewithinmanycollegeteamsifplayersbecomeunhappythatcertainteammatesaremakingmoremoneythantheyare.Thoseagainstpayingcollegeathletesalsobelievethattheathletesarereceivingenoughbenefitsalready.Thetopathletesreceivescholarshipsthatareworthtensofthousandsperyear.Theyreceivefreefoodandtextbooks,gettravelbonusesandfreeequipment,andcanusetheirtimeincollegeasawaytoattracttheattentionofprofessionalcoaches.Noothercollegestudentsreceiveanywherenearasmuchfromtheirschools.Whilebothsideshavegoodpoints,it’sclearthatthenegativesofpayingcollegeathletesfaroutweighthepositives.Collegeathleteshavebeencompensatedenough.Addingasalarywouldresultinacollegeathleticsystemwhereonlyafewathletesarepaidbysomeschoolswhoenterbiddingwarstosignthemup,whilemoststudentathleticsandcollegeathleticprogramssufferorevenshutdownforlackofmoney.Continuingtoofferthepresentbenefitstostudentathletesmakesitpossibleforasmanypeopletobenefitfromandenjoycollegesportsaspossible.32.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph2thatcollegeathletes________.A.haveearnedwhattheyarepromisedB.tendtoservecollegelongerwhenpaidC.shouldsignacontracttomakeanagreed-uponsalaryD.prefertostayatuniversityratherthanturnprofessionals33.Theunderlinedword“camaraderie”inParagraph3issimilarto“________”.A.friendshipB.competitionC.spiritD.communication34.Peopleagainstpayingcollegeathletesbelieve________.A.schoolswouldbeunabletoafforditB.itcouldbeharmfultocollegesportsC.noothercollegestudentsreceivebenefitsD.studentswouldvaluepaymentsoverachievements35.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardspayingcollegeathletes?A.Uncertain.B.Satisfied.C.Unsupportive.D.Expectant.【答案】32.B33.A34.B35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。讨论了是否应该给大学运动员发工资。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Additionally,peoplewhobelievecollegeathletesshouldbepaidstatethatpayingcollegeathleteswillactuallyencouragethemtoremainincollegelongerandnotturnprofessionalsasquickly,(此外，那些认为应该给大学运动员发工资的人表示，给大学运动员发工资实际上会鼓励他们在大学呆得更久，而不是更快地成为专业人士)”可知，大学运动员被给予报酬后，可能倾向于继续在大学服务。故选B。【33题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段最后一句中的“ifplayersbecomeunhappythatcertainteammatesaremakingmore第19页/共19页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

12moneythantheyare.(如果球员对某些队友赚的钱比他们多而感到不高兴)”可推知，当队友之间因为收入不同而产生不愉快时，就会影响到团队之间的团结和友谊，由此可猜测“harmthecamaraderie”中的“camaraderie”与“friendship”同义，表示“友情；同事情谊”。故选A。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Peoplewhoargueagainsttheideaofpayingcollegeathletesbelievethepracticecouldbedisastrousforcollegesports.(反对向大学运动员付费的人认为这种做法可能会给大学体育带来灾难)”可知，持反对意见的人们认为给大学运动员支付薪酬会对大学体育造成损害。故选B。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Whilebothsideshavegoodpoints,it’sclearthatthenegativesofpayingcollegeathletesfaroutweighthepositives.(尽管双方都有各自的道理，但显然，给大学运动员发工资的负面影响远远大于正面影响)”可知，作者认为负面影响大于正面影响，也就是说作者不支持给大学运动员发工资。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.选项中有两项为多余选项.BlindOlympicAthletesShowtheUniversalNatureTuneintoanysportscoverageonTV,andyouwillseemanyathletesproudlyraisetheirarmsandheadsinvictory,whileamuchlargernumberhangtheirshouldersandnecksindefeat.Studieshaverevealedwhy—theyareuniversalbehaviours,performedbyhumansinresponsetosuccessandfailure.ThediscoverycamefromJessicaTracyfromtheUniversityofBritishColumbiaandDavidMatsumotofromSanFranciscoStateUniversity,whowantedtoseehowpeopleshowedfeelingsofprideandshame.____36____Theytriedtofindalargegroupofpeople,anditwascriticallyimportantthatsomeofthesesubjectshadneverseenotherpeoplereactingtosuccessorfailurebefore.TheanswerwasAthens,duringthe2004OlympicGames.Itssistercompetition—theParalympics—includedmanyathleteswhowerebornblind.____37____Workingwithaprofessionalphotographer,TracyandMatsumotocomparedthebodylanguageof108competitors,41ofwhomhadlosttheirsight,and12ofwhomwereblindfrombirth.Thephotographerrepeatedlytookpicturesoftheseathletesaftertheircompetitions,andtheresearcherscarefullyrecordedthepositionsoftheirheads,armsandbodies.____38____Thewinnerstiltedtheirheadsup,smiled,liftedtheirarmsandpuffedouttheirchests,whileshouldersbentforwardandnarrowedchestswerethemarksoflosers.____39____Menandwomenwhohaveneverseenotherpeoplebehaveinthesewaysstillmakeexactlythesamemovements.Andwhileit’spossiblethatparentsmayhavetaughttheirblindchildrensomeoftheseactions,it’sveryunlikelythattheycouldhavetaughtthemall—particularlytheexpansionornarrowingofthechest.Theseactionswerealsoremarkablyconsistentbetweencontestantsfromeverypartoftheworld.TracyandMatsumotoarguethatprideandshamedeserveaplacealongsideotherprimaryemotionslikehappiness,fearandsurprise.____40____A.Theyareinbornbehavioursandareaccompaniedbytheirowndistinctsetsofactions.第19页/共19页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

13B.Infact,theculturewasfoundtohaveonlyaverysmalleffectontheirbodylanguage.C.Therefore,theycouldnothavewitnessedhowotherpeoplereactedtowinningandlosing.D.Theresultsuggestedthattheathleteswereshowingtheirpridebasedoncarefulobservation.ETheathletes’behavioursgivestrongevidencethattheyhavehadtheactionsnaturallysincebirth.F.Analyzingthedata,theyfoundthatthesightedandsightlessathletesbehavedinalmostexactlythesameways.G.Inparticular,theywantedtoknowwhethertheseexpressionswereculturallydeterminedandlearnedthroughobservation.【答案】36.G37.C38.F39.E40.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现人们对成功和失败的反应是天生的，介绍了这一研究开展的过程以及研究发现。【36题详解】根据上文“ThediscoverycamefromJessicaTracyfromtheUniversityofBritishColumbiaandDavidMatsumotofromSanFranciscoStateUniversity,whowantedtoseehowpeopleshowedfeelingsofprideandshame.(这一发现来自英属哥伦比亚大学的JessicaTracy和旧金山州立大学的DavidMatsumoto，他们想知道人们是如何表达自豪和羞愧的)”可知，上文提到JessicaTracy和DavidMatsumoto想知道人们是如何表达自豪和羞愧的，本句应承接上文进一步说明他们想法，G选项中They指代上文中JessicaTracy和DavidMatsumoto。故G选项“他们尤其想知道这些表达方式是否是文化决定的，是否是通过观察习得的”符合语境，故选G。【37题详解】根据上文“Itssistercompetition—theParalympics—includedmanyathleteswhowerebornblind.(它的姊妹比赛——残奥会——包括许多天生失明的运动员)”可知，上文提到残奥会包括许多眼睛看不见的运动员，故本句与上文构成因果关系，表示这些人无法目睹其他人对胜利和失败的反应，C选项中they指代上文manyathleteswhowerebornblind。故C选项“因此，他们无法目睹其他人对胜利和失败的反应”符合语境，故选C。【38题详解】根据上文“Workingwithaprofessionalphotographer,TracyandMatsumotocomparedthebodylanguageof108competitors,41ofwhomhadlosttheirsight,and12ofwhomwereblindfrombirth.Thephotographerrepeatedlytookpicturesoftheseathletesaftertheircompetitions,andtheresearcherscarefullyrecordedthepositionsoftheirheads,armsandbodies.(在一位专业摄影师的帮助下，Tracy和Matsumoto比较了108名参赛者的肢体语言，其中41人后天失明，12人从出生就失明。摄影师在运动员比赛结束后反复拍照，研究人员仔细记录他们头部、手臂和身体的姿势)”以及后文“Thewinnerstiltedtheirheadsup,smiled,liftedtheirarmsandpuffedouttheirchests,whileshouldersbentforwardandnarrowedchestswerethemarksoflosers.(获胜者仰起头、微笑、举起双臂、挺起胸膛，而失败者的标志是肩膀前倾、胸膛狭窄)”可知，上文提到Tracy和Matsumoto在对比运动员的姿势，后文则提到了一些获胜者和失败者所共有的肢体动作，可推测他们发现有视力和失明的运动员的行为方式几乎完全相同，故F第19页/共19页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

14选项“通过分析数据，他们发现有视力和失明的运动员的行为方式几乎完全相同”符合语境，故选F。【39题详解】根据上一段中“Thewinnerstiltedtheirheadsup,smiled,liftedtheirarmsandpuffedouttheirchests,whileshouldersbentforwardandnarrowedchestswerethemarksoflosers.(获胜者仰起头、微笑、举起双臂、挺起胸膛，而失败者的标志是肩膀前倾、胸膛狭窄)”以及后文“Menandwomenwhohaveneverseenotherpeoplebehaveinthesewaysstillmakeexactlythesamemovements.Andwhileit’spossiblethatparentsmayhavetaughttheirblindchildrensomeoftheseactions,it’sveryunlikelythattheycouldhavetaughtthemall—particularlytheexpansionornarrowingofthechest.(从来没有见过别人有这种行为的男人和女人仍然做出完全相同的动作。虽然父母可能教过他们的盲童一些这些动作，但他们不太可能教过他们——尤其是胸部的扩张或缩小)”可知，上一段对比的结果是有视力和失明的运动员行为方式几乎完全相同，都做出了一些共有的动作，后文则提到从来没有见过别人有这种行为的男人和女人仍然做出完全相同的动作，可推测他们的行为证明了这些动作能力是天生就有的。故E选项“运动员的行为有力地证明了他们从出生起就具有天生的动作能力”符合语境，故选E。【40题详解】根据上文“Theseactionswerealsoremarkablyconsistentbetweencontestantsfromeverypartoftheworld.TracyandMatsumotoarguethatprideandshamedeserveaplacealongsideotherprimaryemotionslikehappiness,fearandsurprise.(这些动作在来自世界各地的选手之间也非常一致。Tracy和Matsumoto认为，骄傲和羞耻应该和其他基本情感，如快乐、恐惧和惊讶，一起占有一席之地)”可知，来自世界各地的选手动作也一致，说明骄傲和羞耻是天生的行为，A选项中they指代上文中prideandshame。故A选项“它们是天生的行为，伴随着它们自己独特的一系列行为”符合语境，故选A。第三部分书面表达(共两节，35分)第一节阅读与表达(共3小题;第41题1分，第42题3分，第43题4分，共8分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题.TheImpactofSocialMediaonAdolescents(青少年)Usingsocialmediahasbecomearoutineactivityformostyoungpeople.Inrecentyearsthenumberofyoungpeopleusingsocialmediahasincreaseddramatically,soalargepartoftheirsocialandemotionaldevelopmentisoccurringwhiletheyareontheInternet.Socialmediaallowyoungpeopletoachievemanyoftheonlinetasksthatareimportanttothemoffline:stayingconnectedwithfriendsandfamily,makingnewfriends,andexchangingideas.Someschoolssuccessfullyuseblogsasteachingtools,whichhasthebenefitofimprovingskillsinwrittenexpressionandcreativity.Atthesametime,socialmediahelpsthemgetwhattheywant,increasetheirknowledgeandconfidenceintheiracademic(学业的)performance.Whilesocialmediaprovidesmanybenefits,itcanalsohaveanegativeimpactonyoungpeople,bothphysicallyandmentally.Itiseasytobecomeaddicted,andresearchshowsthatstudentswhospendtoomuchtimeonsocialmediacansufferfrompoorsleep,eyefatigue,negativebodyimage,depression,anxietyandmore.Researchalsoindicatesthattherearefrequentonlineexpressionsofofflinebehaviours,whichhaveintroducedproblemssuchascyberbullyingandonlineharassment(骚扰).第19页/共19页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

15Usingsocialmediabecomesarisktoadolescentsmorethantheycanrealise.Whenpeoplegoontowebsites,theyleaveevidenceoftheirvisits.Thisongoingrecordofonlineactivityiscalledthe“digitalfootprint”.Oneofthebiggestthreatstoyoungpeopleonsocialmediaistotheirdigitalfootprintandfuturereputations(名誉).Youngpeoplewholackanawarenessofprivacyissuesoftenpostinappropriatematerialwithoutunderstandingthat“whatgoesonlinestaysonline”.Asaresult,futurejobsandcollegeacceptancemaybeputindangerbyinexperiencedclicksofthemouse.41.Whyisalargepartofyoungpeople’ssocialandemotionaldevelopmentoccurringontheInternet?____________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Youngpeople’simproperdigitalfootprintmayhaveanimpactoncyberbullyingandonlineharassment.____________________________________________________________43.Youhavebeenphysicallydistancedfromschoolformorethanonemonthinthisterm.Howdoyoumakefulluseofsocialmediatobetteryourlifeandstudy?Pleasegiveoneortwoexamples.(Inabout40words)____________________________________________________________【答案】41.Becauseinrecentyears,thenumberofyoungpeopleusingsocialmediahasincreaseddramatically.42.Youngpeople’simproperdigitalfootprintmayhaveanimpactoncyberbullyingandonlineharassment.Becausefrequentonlineexpressionsofofflinebehaviourshaveintroducedproblemssuchascyberbullyingandonlineharassment.43.Iwillusesocialmediatostayconnectedwithmyfriendsandexchangeideaswithmyteachers.Besides,Iwillusesocialmediatogetknowledge.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了社交媒体给青少年带来的好处和弊端。【41题详解】考查细节理解。根据第一段关键句“Inrecentyears,thenumberofyoungpeopleusingsocialmediahasincreaseddramatically,soalargepartoftheirsocialandemotionaldevelopmentisoccurringwhiletheyareontheInternet.(近年来，使用社交媒体的年轻人数量急剧增加，因此他们的社交和情感发展很大一部分是在互联网上进行的。)”可知，年轻人的社交和情感发展很大一部分发生在互联网上是因为近年来，使用社交媒体的年轻人数量急剧增加。故答案为Becauseinrecentyears,thenumberofyoungpeopleusingsocialmediahasincreaseddramatically.【42题详解】考查推理判断。根据第三段的“Researchalsoindicatesthattherearefrequentonlineexpressionsofofflinebehaviours,whichhaveintroducedproblemssuchascyberbullyingandonlineharassment(骚扰).(研究还表明，线下行为经常在网上表达，导致了网络欺凌和网络骚扰等问题。)”可知，人们经常在网上表达线下行为，这带来了网络欺凌和在线骚扰等问题，并不是“不当的数字足迹”会对网络欺凌和在线骚扰产生影响，由此可知，句中“Youngpeople’simproperdigitalfootprint”是错误的，应改为“frequentonlineexpressionsofofflinebehaviours”，因为经常在网上表达线下行为带来了网络欺凌和在线骚扰等问题。故答案为Youngpeople’simproperdigitalfootprintmayhaveanimpactoncyberbullyingandonlineharassment.Becausefrequentonlineexpressionsofofflinebehaviourshaveintroducedproblemssuchascyberbullyingand第19页/共19页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

16onlineharassment.【43题详解】开放性试题。根据第二段关键句“Socialmediaallowyoungpeopletoachieveonlinemanyofthetasksthatareimportanttothemoffline:stayingconnectedwithfriendsandfamily,makingnewfriends,andexchangingideas.(社交媒体可以让年轻人在网上完成许多对他们来说很重要的任务：与朋友和家人保持联系，结交新朋友，交流想法。)”可知，社交媒体可以让年轻人在网上与朋友和家人保持联系，结交新朋友和交流想法等，由此可知，如果这学期你与学校的距离太远，你可以通过社交媒体与朋友保持联系，与老师交流想法或通过社交媒体获取知识等，答案不唯一，符合文意即可。故参考答案为Iwillusesocialmediatostayconnectedwithmyfriendsandexchangeideaswithmyteachers.Besides,Iwillusesocialmediatogetknowledge.第二节根据下面所给中文，默写英文句子。(12分)44.全体观众被提醒关闭手机或将其调至静音状态。(汉译英)【答案】Theentireaudiencewasremindedtoturnofformutetheirmobilephones.【解析】【详解】考查时态语态和短语。根据句意可知，用一般过去时，“全体观众”译为theentireaudience，“提醒”译为remind，与主语audience是被动关系，主语表示一个整体，为单数，故用wasreminded，remindsb.todosth.“提醒某人做某事”，“关闭”译为turnoff，“静音”译为muse，“他们的手机”译为theirmobilephones，故答案为Theentireaudiencewasremindedtoturnofformutetheirmobilephones.45.孩子们正捂着耳朵，但脸上却带着期待的表情。(汉译英)【答案】Childrenwerecoveringtheirearsbutwithanexpectantlookontheirfaces.【解析】【详解】考查时态、短语和with复合结构。根据句意，本句描述过去某一时刻正在发生的事情，时态应用过去进行时。表示“捂着”用动词cover；表示“孩子们正捂着着耳朵”用Childrenwerecoveringtheirears。表示“但是”用连词but；表示“脸上带着期待的表情”用with复合结构表达，即withanexpectantlookontheirfaces。故翻译为Childrenwerecoveringtheirearsbutwithanexpectantlookontheirfaces.46.烟花在城市上空燃放，突然照亮了夜空。(汉译英)【答案】Fireworkswerebeingletoffoverthecity,suddenlylightingupthenightsky.【解析】【详解】考查时态，短语和非谓语动词。根据句意可知，描述过去某一时刻正在发生的事情用过去进行时，主语“烟花”译为firework，可数名词，表示不止一个烟花，用复数，谓语动词“燃放”可译为短语letoff，与fireworks是被动关系，用被动语态，“在城市上空”译为overthecity，“突然”作状语用suddenly，“照亮”译为lightup，与主语fireworks是主动关系，用现在分词形式作状语，“夜空”译为thenightsky。故答案为Fireworkswerebeingletoffoverthecity,suddenlylightingupthenightsky.47.我们吃什么并不是最重要的。重要的是和谁一起吃。(汉译英)【答案】Whatweeatisn’tthemostimportantthing.What’simportantiswhomweeatitwith.【解析】第19页/共19页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

17【详解】考查时态，从句和主谓一致。根据句意可知，描述客观事实用一般现在时，分析句子可知，本句为的两个复合句，第一句子主语用从句，whatweeat“我们吃的”，表语“最重要的事情”译为themostimportantthing，第二个句子主语“最重要的是”译为为主语从句what’important，表语“和谁一起吃”译为表语从句whomweeatitwith，从句作主语谓语动词应单数，故答案为Whatweeatisn’tthemostimportantthing.What’simportantiswhomweeatitwith.48.当比赛期间拍照时，请关闭闪光灯。(汉译英)【答案】Pleaseturnofftheflashlightwhentakingphotosduringthegame.【解析】【详解】考查祈使句，从句和省略。分析句子可知，主句是祈使句，“关闭”译为turnoff，“闪光灯”译为theflashlight，“当比赛期间拍照时”是时间状语从句，主从句主语一致可使用状语从句的省略，“拍照”译为takephoto，与逻辑主语you是主动关系，所以take用现在分词形式，“比赛期间”译为duringthegame，故翻译为Pleaseturnofftheflashlightwhentakingphotosduringthegame.49.随着年龄的增长，回家和家人在一起是最重要的部分。(汉译英)【答案】AsIgetolder,cominghomeandbeingwithmyentirefamilyisthemostimportantpart.【解析】【详解】考查时态，从句和非谓语动词。根据句意描述事实用一般现在时，分析句子可知句子是主从复合句，“随着年龄的增长”可译为时间状语从句，as“随着”，getolder“长大”，故从句译为asIgetolder，主句主语“回家和家人在一起”译为comehomeandbewithmyentirefamily，作主语用动名词形式，动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，故谓语动词为is，“最重要的部分”译为themostimportantpart，故答案为AsIgetolder,cominghomeandbeingwithmyentirefamilyisthemostimportantpart.第三节书面表达(15分)。50.假设你是红星中学高一学生李华，请给你的外教Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参加你们年级举行的英语读书会(readingcircle)活动。邮件的内容包括：1.介绍读书活动的相关信息(例如：时间、地点、活动内容等)：2.说明你发出邀请的原因：3.询问对方的意向。注意：1.词数100字左右：2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,第19页/共19页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

18________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJim,Ihopethateverythinggoesonwellwithyou.I'mwritingtoinviteyoutojoinusintheEnglishreadingcircletobeheldinourschool.We’llfeelhonoredifyouarepresent.Theactivityisscheduledat8:00amthisFridayintheauditorium.Aimingtoimprovethestudentsunderstandingofthebeautyofforeignliterature,thereadingcirclewillallowstudentstocommunicatewitheachotherfacetoface,sharingtheirownreadingexperiencetogether.AsweconsiderthatyoucangiveussomeprofessionalintroductionstoEnglishliteratureandsomevaluablesuggestionsonEnglishreading,wesincerelyhopethatyoucancometojoinus.Wouldyoubekindenoughtosparesometimeforus?Thankyouinadvance.Hopetohearfromyousoon.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给你的外教Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参加你们年级举行的英语读书会(readingcircle)活动。【详解】1.词汇积累荣幸的：honored→privileged提高：improve→enhance宝贵的：valuable→precious考虑：consider→takeintoconsideration2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：I'mwritingtoinviteyoutojoinusintheEnglishreadingcircletobeheldinourschool.拓展句：I'mwritingtoinviteyoutojoinusintheEnglishreadingcircle,whichwillbeheldinourschool.【点睛】【高分句型1】Aimingtoimprovethestudentsunderstandingofthebeautyofforeignliterature,thereadingcirclewillallowstudentstocommunicatewitheachotherfacetoface,sharingtheirownreadingexperiencetogether.（运用了现在分词短语作状语，和不定式作宾语补足语。）【高分句型2】AsweconsiderthatyoucangiveussomeprofessionalintroductionstoEnglishliteratureandsomevaluablesuggestionsonEnglishreading,wesincerelyhopethatyoucancometojoinus.（运用了连词as引导的原因状语从句和that引导的宾语从句。）第19页/共19页学科网（北京）股份有限公司