英语四级各个题型详细剖析

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英语四级各个题型详细剖析第一章四级英语写作概述第一节大纲要求四级考试短文写作的设计旨在测试学生用书面英语表达思想的一般能力。教育部最新修订的“大学英语教学大纲”规定，学生在达到四级水平时应作到：能在阅读难度与课文相仿的书面材料时作笔记，回答问题和写提纲，能就一定的话题和提纲在半个小时内写出120-150词的短文，能写短信或便条，表达意思清楚，无重大语言错误。一、大学英语四级作文考试大纲(新)要求：1．写作要求：1)时间为3O分钟。2)文章长度为120—15O词。3)题型：a．命题作文b．情景作文c．看图表作文d．给段首句作文e．给关键词作文。4)语言：能正确表达思想，意义连贯，文理基本通顺，无重大语法错误。5)内容：一般社会、文化或日常生活方面的常识和看法。注：全国大学英语四级考试委员会规定：从1992年开始，在大学英语四级考试中设“作文最低分制”即作文最低分为六分；若考生作文成绩介于零分和六分之间，则其最后总成绩=卷面总分—6+作文得分；若考生作文成绩为零分，无论其总分多高，均按不及格记。2．评分2.1评分原则l)CET-4是检查考生是否达到《大学英语教学大纲》规定的四级教学要求的考试，因此对作文的评判应以此要求为准则。2)CET-4作文题采用总体评分方法。阅卷人员就总的印象给出奖励分而不按语言点的错误数目扣分。3)从内容和语言两个方面对作文进行综合评判。内容和语言是个统一体，作文应表达题目所规定的内容，而内容要通过语言来表达。要考虑作文是否切题，是否充分表达思想，还要考虑是否用英语清楚地表达思想，也就是要考虑语言上的错误是否造成理解上的障碍。4)避免趋中倾向。该给高分的给高分，该给低分的给低分，包括零分。一名阅卷人员在所评阅的全部试卷中不应只给中间的几种分数。2.2评分标准本题满分为15分，阅卷标准共分五等：2分，5分，8分，11分及14分。阅卷人员根据阅卷标准，对照样卷评分，若认为与某一分数(如8分)相似，即定为该分数(如8分)；若认为稍优或稍劣于该分数，则可以加一分(即9分)或减一分(即7分)。但不得加或减半分。具体标准如下：2分一条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。5分一基本切题，表达思想不够清楚，连贯性差，有较多的严重语言错误。8分一基本切题，有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯，但语言错误较多，其中有少量的严重错误。11分一切题，表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。14分一切题，表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好，基本上无语言错误。注：白卷，作文与题目毫不相关，或只有几个孤立的词而无法表达思想，则给0分；特别优秀的作文也可评15分。作文字数不足应酌情扣分：累计字数在9O—99之间，扣1分；累计字数在80—89之间，扣2分；累计字数在70—79之间，扣3分；累计字数在60—69之间，扣4分；累计字数在50—59之间，扣5分；累计字数在50以下，最多给5分。从以上评分标准来看，要在四级考试作文题中得高分，必须做到：内容切题，语言准确，表达清楚，文字连贯，句法多变。第二节四级写作命题剖析一、命题范围——题材现实性四级考试已经历时16年了。经过对1987年6月至2O02年6月作文命题题材的分析、归类研究，我们可以得出一个明确的结论：四级写作的题材具有显著的现实性。它们基本贴近大学生的学习、工作及课余生活，或涉及当前社会的变化、发展及进步，或者一般的科普性话题。总之，四级写作的题材不会出现偏题、怪题等现象，也不会让学生写一些不熟悉的社会现象或者与学生生活缺乏联系的科技题材的题目。另外，值得考生注意的是，自从1998年以来，大学

1英语考试作文项目，四、六级共用同一题材命题。这就要求四级考生的写作水平与六级水平接近，其惟一的差异只是字数的差异。四级写作要求120—150词，六级写作要求150词。1．关于学习及校园生活通过对l987年6月至2001年6月的21套四级考试写作题题材的分析归纳，可发现关于学习及校园生活的题总共有15篇，占总数的52％。这些题材贴近学生的学习体验、校园生活、业余活动等，是学生最熟悉和了解的话题，所以也应该是考生最易于有感而发的题材。2．关于社会发展变化的热门题材这类题材在分析归纳的26篇真题中为6篇，占总数的23％。这类题材反映当时社会主要变化，属于热门话题。所以，考生在正常学习英语的同时，应多读些英语报刊，21stCentury、如China、daily、Reader'sDigest、Times、《英语沙龙》等。阅读时文不仅可提高英语阅读能力，也可从中学到许多具有时代气息的新词及表达方式，这对于提高写作能力，写出具有时代感的作文来，是很有帮助的。3.关于常识、格言的题材常识格言题材在所分析归纳的26篇真题作文中占7篇，为总数的27％。这类题材一般为说理议论文，其内容贴近学生的思维范畴。考生只要理清文思，便可以写出符合要求，甚至漂亮的作文。有关此类题材的真题作文列举如下，供参考。二、命题思路——体裁多样性四级考试作文项目的命题指导思想以《大学英语教学大纲》及《大学英语四级考试大纲》为依据，试卷上可能给出题目，或规定情景，或要求看图作文，或给出段首句要求续写，或给出关键词要求写成短文，或要求分析图表作文，或为日常应用文(如信函、简历等)。通过对2O余套四级作文真题的分析和归纳，可以看出四级作文的体裁多样，主要有论说文、记叙文、图表作文、应用文等。1．论说文体裁论说文是四级作文的重点命题体裁。所占比重较大。论说文的作用是陈述各种理由，发表作者自己的看法观点。作者依靠推理和论证来阐述自己的观点，力图说服读者，使人相信某种假设或道理。议论文具有论战思辨的特点，所以往往措辞较强烈，语气倾向性明显，观点个性鲜明。近年来，四级作文命题注重考生的思辨能力，不仅要求考生推理论证，谈经论道，还要求考生表达个人观点。比如CanMoneyBuyHappiness,Don'tHesitatetosay“No”DoLucky，NumbersReallyBringLuck，IsaTestofSpokenEnglishNecessary等等，都是明显的论说文体裁。这些命题要求考生针对问题论述，只有立场鲜明、观点明确、理由充分、文理通顺，才能获得作文高分。所以，四级写作中的论说文体裁，不仅仅是测验英文文字处理能力，更重要的是它测验了考生的思想内涵及思考能力。因此，应试时，构思谋篇之后再提笔行文，议之头头是道，论之语出惊人，再加上顺畅流利的语言表达，才是四级作文高分突破的关键所在。这类体裁的写作在四、六级考试中占了很大的比重，在总共26篇四级写作分析中，此类体裁占了将近90％。所以，学生对此类体裁应该予以特别的关注。2．记叙文体裁记叙文是用来记叙一件事实的体裁，其写作三要素为环境(where)，人物(who)，情节(what)。记叙的基本线索是时间顺序。通常行文中用一些表示时间的词语(如when，while，before，after，then，during，suddenly，finally，atlast等)把一系列事件和动作连接起来，构成一个完整的记叙。记叙文记叙的一般为已发生过的事情，所以一般采用过去时态。这是中国学生写作时容易出错的地方。因此仔细审题并在完成作文后细致纠错是十分必要的。在历年的四级作文中这一体裁仅出现过一次。记叙文虽然在迄今为止的历年四级作文中只出现过一次，但记叙文是学习遣词造句、把事件按一定时空顺序表达完整清晰的基本功。因此，学习英文写作时，记叙文体裁的短文应有一定的习作练习。3．图表作文《大学英语教学大纲》对于写作能力的要求中专门提到了学生应该能学会描述图表，然后就图表中所出现的问题进行原因分析，或者针对图表中所出现的问题提出考生的建议。此类体裁在四、六级的写作中也已经屡见不鲜了。4．应用文体裁《大学英语教学大纲》对于写作能力的要求中专门提到了学生应能写日常应用文(如信函、简历等)。应用文是人们在学习、生产、工作、生活中传递信息以达到交际目的的一种文体，

2它要求言简意赅、条理清楚，不需过分的文饰。常见应用文包括私人书信(privateletter)、社交书信(socialletter)、其他书信(otherletters)、便条、备忘录、求职信、简历等。应用文体裁的写作命题在四级考试中出现过两次，而且是在最近的几次四六级考试中，所以，应该引起学生的注意。三、作文类型——模式化分析归纳四级考试写作题，可将其分为四大类型。1．对立观点型这类作文多为提纲式作文，是四级考试写作中最常见的作文形式。如：[案例]CanMoneyBuyHappiness(1995.1)a．有人认为金钱是幸福之本(sourceofhappiness)b．也有人认为金钱是万恶之源(rootofevil)c．我的看法2．问题解决型这类作文一般为图表式作文，或表格式作文，有时也有提纲式命题。这类作文要求考生就所给出的信息描述情形、分析原因，然后提出自己的看法、对策或结论。[案例]GlobalShortageofFreshWatera．人们以为淡水是取之不尽的(提示：雨水、河水、井水)b．实际上淡水是非常紧缺的(提示：人口增加、工业用水、污染)c．我们应该怎么办3．说明利弊型这类作文在四级考试作文中较为常见。命题要求考生描述某一社会或客观现象，并就其优缺点加以分析评论，然后得出考生个人的看法、态度或结论。[案例]IsFailureaBadThing(1992.1)a．失败是常有的事b．人们对失败有各种不同的态度c．我对失败的态度4．阐述主题型这一类型的作文多为议论文，有时以格言或谚语为议论对象。要求考生提供论据加以说明。[案例]PracticeMakesPerfect(1997.1CET-4)a．怎样理解“熟能生巧”b．例如：在英语学习中……c．又如，……第三节应试技巧上面我们讲述了大学英语四级考试短文写作的段落发展和全篇布局等方面的技巧，那么在应试时我们具体应该怎么做呢?如何顺利地完成短文部分?考试时都有哪些应该注意的地方呢?下面我们就针对这些问题进行阐述。应试时可参照以下过程进行：审题——草拟提纲——紧扣主题句完成段落——检查。下面就进行具体说明。一.审明题意审题就是理解题意，抓住中心。写作时，首先仔细分析题目，准确理解题目含义，弄清作文题目的选材范围以及题目的其他具体要求，这是作文成败的关键一步。审题，不仅要分析题目，还要结合给出的提示句，首先明确文章要写的内容，即文章要围绕什么主题来写，这是保证整篇文章切题的关键；其次，确定文章所需的主语人称，人称混乱是中国学生常犯的一个毛病，而在审题阶段确定人称是避免文章人称混乱的有效途径；最后，注意文章对动词的时态、语气有无特殊要求。比如，大学英语四级考试作文标题为“WhatWouldHappenlfThereWereNoPower”。如果只看标题，就无法确定文章的主题内容。因为“power”一词含义广泛，有权利、政权、电力、能力、体力、精力等许多意思。这里“power”究竟是什么意思呢?这就要结合提示句来看了。文章各段的提示句分别为:1．Eversinceearlythiscentury,electricityhasbecomeanessentialpartofourmodernlife;2．Iftherewerenoelectricpower—3．Therefore—结合提示句，首先可以确定文章的主题内容是写什么，会发生什么事情,会对人们和社会产生什么影响。其次，文章的主语人称,可以选we，也可以选people,但二者必须确定其一,不宜混用。第三,要注意文章第二段需用虚拟语气,这是一个特殊之处，绝不可忽略。假如应试者把这种假设写成真实情况，即没有用虚拟语气，文章写得再好也不会得高分。又例如，作文标题是“MaketheMostofSchoolDays”，各段提示分别为：1．为什么上学；2．在校时应与老师接触；3．在校时只钻书本或置学习于不顾都不好。综合标题和提示我们可确定：首先,文章主题内容是关于要充分利用学校的大好时光。

3其次,文章主语可选we，也可选students，但二者不可混用。最后，文章宜用现在完成时。二.构思、拟订提纲构思就是思考主题所需要的题材。吃透题目中心以后，围绕着主题搜索有关资料，迅速地进行恰当的取舍,将其组合排列成复合主题的词组、短语或句子。构思方法和过程：1．将脑海里闪现出的与主题有关的词、短语和句子马上写下来，否则就会一晃而过。2．通过自我提问的方式，打开思路。提问可围绕what，who，when，how，why等问题展开，或从中选择主要问题，也可提出类似以下的问题，如：(l)Whatismyopinionofit?Isitgoodorbad?Isitbeneficialorharmful?(2)Whatismyattitudetowardit?DoILikeitordislikeit?Dolacceptitorrejectit?(3)Whathavelobservedaboutit?Whatisspecialoruniqueaboutit?Whatsticksmeaboutit?(4)Whatcanlsuggestaboutit?Whatshouldbedone?Whatshouldnotbedone?3．将这些杂乱无章的资料进行整理和取舍。以“BenefitsofSportsandGames”为例，根据题目确定中心。首先可能想到的有关内容为：goodtohealth，makeusstrong，Physicalexercise，enrichlife,courage,skill,preventpeoplefromfat，traincollectivistspirit，beneficialmentalworkers，beversatile,etc．筛选整理后的内容为：makeusstronghelpmentalworkerexercisetheirbodiesmakeone'sliferichandcolorfulmakeoneversatiledogoodincharactertrainingenhancecouragetraincollectivistspirit也可通过提问，打开思路后，再拟订提纲。拟订提纲就是把构思好的题材按作文主旨的要求，按照一定的模式组织成层次清楚、合乎逻辑、前后连贯的作文框架。经过对题目的酝酿和构思，把筛选好的内容按前后、重要次序排列好，整理归纳成文章的框架。我们仍以“BenefitsofSportsandGames”为例，根据筛选整理的内容，主要采用列举法拟订以下提纲。A．Benefitsofbodyhealtha．Makeusstrongb．EspeciallyhelpmentalworkersexercisetheirbodiesB．Benefitstolifevarietya．Makeoneversatileb．Enrichone'slifewithsportsandgamesC．Benefitstocharactertraininga．Enhancecourageandenthusiasmb．Traincollectivistspirit我们再来看一个例题：Title：FakeCommodityOutline：(l)假冒伪劣产品在当今社会为什么如此盛行；(2)假冒伪劣产品对社会和个人有哪些损害；(3)你的观点。本文第一段中的关键宇是“为什么、盛行”，第二段中的关键字是“社会、个人、损害”。在看段意构思的过程中可以在这些词下划线以示注意。在列提纲时一定要在题目的指导下把握文章的中心，同时也要考虑段与段之间的过渡。在列提纲之前可以针对段意中的关键词提“WH”问题。不过，有时段意本身就是问句，可直接回答。本文可能的提纲：cheapcomparably,pricegap,don'tlikefilingclaims,marketsystem,fakeappliance,causefire,losemoney,fakemedicine,realizetheworstresult,resist三.紧扣主题句完成段落主题句是作者思维的起点、切题的准绳、阐述的对象，而段落主题句则是统领段落中心内容的。好的段落主题句，不仅切题，便于围绕主题句进行扩展，而又常常给读者一种一针见血的感受。看到段落主题句，读者应大致了解段落要阐述的内容。因而段落主题句通常是一个语法结构完整，内容概括，用词简洁、明了的单句。通常将段落主题句置于段落的开头；可使文章结构更清晰，说服力更强。拟段落主题句时要注意：首先将段落的主题句置于段落的开头：其次最好多用祈使句。即使不宜使用祈使句，也应选用句子结构简单的单句来做段落主题句。有了段落主题句后，还需要顺着段落主题句的方向，参照提纲中的思路，从而完成各个段落。另外，在写作的过程中还要注意以下两点：1．词与表达

4在具体写作的过程中，一定要做到用词准确，表达简明扼要。写作时要从读者的角度出发，开门见山，平铺直叙，简明扼要地把自己的思想表达清楚，切不可借此机会显示自己的文采，选用生僻的词语和句型，而导致文章表意不清，文体混乱，使读者不知其所云。要尽可能地选用自己有把握的词语和自己能熟练运用的句型来表达思想。这样做才能掌握造句的主动权，写出规范的文章。2．逻辑组织要写好一篇文章，就要讲究章法，遣词造句、组段谋篇，都要从全文考虑。写作时注意上下文衔接，前后照应。要运用逻辑完成句子间的衔接和段落间的过渡。(l)句子间的衔接句子是文章的基础，从大学英语四级考试写作评分标准可见，句子结构是否完整，意思表达是否确切，有无重大语法错误是评分的主要依据。因此写好每一个句子是作文写作的关键。但是，文章不是句子的单纯堆砌。在写作过程中，一定要注意句子与句子之间的逻辑衔接，突出论据间的逻辑关系。在下笔以前要先想好每一段写几个句子，写什么样的句子，怎样安排句子的顺序和句子间的过渡，以避免出现与主题无关，前后矛盾的句子。此外，在具体写作的过程中，除了努力做到文章内容详实外，还要注意句子的多样性。在一个段落或一篇短文中，既有短句，又有长句，既有简单句，又有并列句和主从复合句，文章才会显得生动。(2)段落间的过渡在写作的过程中要注意段落间的互相联系，考虑段落的连接和转折，采用“启、承、转、合”等手法，恰当而合乎逻辑地把段落连接起来，使段落之间过渡自然，前后照应，否则文章就会显得松散、零乱，成为几个互相毫无联系的段落。四.检查修改大学英语四级考试时间紧张，匆匆完稿之后，疏漏在所难免，因而有必要复查，修改，及时纠正偏差，堵塞漏洞，从而进一步提高作文质量。检查主要针对四个重点部位：1．是否切题它又分三个层面：一是整篇文章内容是否切合文章标题要求；二是段落主题句的内容是否与各段落提示句内容相一致；三是段落内部的内容是否与段落主题句的表达相一致。如果发现任何一个层面不切题，应尽可能弥补，删除那些多余的或不切题的地方；增添残缺的、语义表达不足的地方。由于时间所限，删的内容一定要精，要切中要害，切忌动“大手术”。2．是否连贯检查上下文是否连贯，句子衔接是否自然流畅，检验的标准主要是句子是否通顺，该用连接词的地方用了没有，以及所用的连接词是否合适。3．是否有语法错误主谓是否一致，动词的时态、语态、语气的使用是否正确，词组的搭配是否合乎习惯。为避免不必要的语法错误，对把握性不大的词组、句型绝不要用。而应使用那些自己熟悉的词组、句型来表达相同或相近的意思。4．是否有大小写、拼写、标点错误在这些细枝末节上，谨慎细心地处理，无疑会进一步提高文章的整体质量。在检查、改错的过程中，切忌乱涂乱抹。保持卷面清洁，无疑会给阅卷者留下好印象，另外，在上述几个写作关键步骤中，时间的分配大致应该为：审题、拟题纲10分钟，拟主题句、完成段落15分钟，检查5分钟。总之，对于大学英语四级考试作文，由于其题型比较固定，对应试者要求相对不高，因此，应试者有必要掌握一些写作技巧，多加练习，力争提高写作的质量和水平。第二章关联词英语作文在语气上有"起、承、转、合"之分。"启"就是开头；"承"就是承接；"转"就是转让；"合"就是综合或总结。在专业写作课中对它的要求是十分严格的。每段的开头由表示"启、承、转、合"的字来引导。引言段表示"启"；第一扩展段表示"承"；第二扩展段表示"转"；结尾段表示"合"，因此形成"起--承--转--合"的情形。有时也有"起--承--承--合"或其它的情形出现，但这些不同的情形只是扩展段"承"、"转"的变化，且"启"与"合"的规律也不是固定不变的。下面我们为大家精选了一些常用于"起、承、转、合"的词语，通过练习希望学生能掌握这些词语的运用。这样在考试中作文就会流畅、自然。一．根据关联词在句中所处的位置，分为以下四类1.常用于引言段开头的短语

5Generallyspeaking，……一般说来，……Itgoeswithoutsayingthat……不用说Itis(quite)clearthat……because……很明显地……因为……Itisoftensaidthat……常常有人说……Aproverbsays……有句谚语说：……Astheproverbsays……如谚语所说……Manypeopleoftenaskthisquestion：．“．．?”许多人常常问这个问题……2．常用于第一个扩展段开头的短语Thereforeweshouldrealizethat……因此我们应该了解……Wehavereasontobelievethat…我们有理由相信……Everybodyknowsthat……每个人都知道……Itcanbeeasilyprovedthat……很容易证明……Itistruethat…………是真实的NOonecandenythat……谁也不能否认……Onethingwhichisequallyimportanttotheabovementionedis……跟上述同样重要的一项是……Thechiefreasonwhy……isthat……为什么……的主要原因是……Wemustrecognizethat……我们必须承认……Thereisnodoubtthat…无疑地……Iamoftheopinionthat……我认为……Thiscanbeexpressedasfollows……可分下列数点：……Totake……foranexample……以……为例，(Nowthat)Weknowthat……(既然)我们知道……Whatismoreseriousisthat……更重要的是……3．常用于第二个扩展开头的词或短语(语气与第一个扩展段不同或相反)Othersmayfindthistobetrue，……在别人看来可能是对的，……Thereisacertainamountoftruthinthis．这在大体上是对的。Anotherspecialconsiderationinthiscaseisthat…….对这个问题时另一考虑是……ButIdon’t.Ibelievethat……但我个人并不这么认为。我认为……，Thoughweareinbasicagreementwith……虽然基本上我们同意……Whatseemstobethetroubleis……似乎困难是在……Yetdifferenceswillbefound，that's……然而其中仍有不同的地方，……WhyIfeelthat……这也是我为什么认为……Ontheotherhand……另一方面，Perhapsyouwillquestionwhy……也许你会问为什么……Besides，weshouldnotneglectthat……除此以外，我们更不能忽视……Butitisapitythat……但是有点可惜的是……ButtheProblemisnotsosimple．Therefore，..然而问题并非如此简单。因此，……However，……然而,无论如何……Butwestillhaveaproblemwithregardto……不过对于……我们还有一点问题。Solongasyouregardthisasreasonable，……只要你认为合理，……Youmay…你可以……4．可以用于结尾段的短语Theresultisdependenton……结果根据……而定Fromthispointofview，……从这个观点来看，……Inaword，……总而言之，……Inconclusion，.结论是，……Onaccountofthiswecanfindthat……由此我们可以知道……Thus，thisisthereasonwhywemust……因此，这就是我们为什么必须……二．根据关联词本身在文章中起到的作用，主要分为以下四类1．与“启”有关的常用词语atpresent现在currently目前first(ly)第一now现在lately最近ingeneral一般来说atfirst最初tobeginwith首先，第一tostartwith首先，第一inthebeginning起初firstofall首先，第一inthefirstplace首先，第一recently最近generallyspeaking一般来说foronething(foranother)首次(其次)ontheonehand(ontheotherhand)一方面(另一方面)Itgoeswithoutsayingthat……不用说……2．有关“承”的常用词语besides(this)此外so所以unlike…不像……；和……不ofcourse当然atany

6rate无论如何third(ly)第三；第三点forexample例如asanexample例如namely即，就是inadditionto除…之外inaddition此外moreover而且，此外fromnowon从此suchas正如whatismore而且，certainly无疑地，确实地truly事实上；具实地whatismore而且，此外incidentally顺便让我一提second(ly)第二；第二点also／too并且；又，也forinstance例如asanotherexample再如then然后besides(this)此外furthermore而且，此外afterawhile过了一会儿later后来；similarly同样地foranother其次inotherwords换句话说inthesameway同样地consequently结果indeed的确obviously明显地still仍然afterwards此后meanwhile与此同时bythistime此时inthesamemanner同样地inparticular特别，尤其soon不久forthepurpose为此nodoubt无疑地particularly特别地afterthat此后afterafewdays几天之后atthesametime同时inparticular特别(地)3．有关“转”的常用词语(通常用来表示不同或相反的情况)atthesametime同时especially特别地inotherwords换句话说afterall毕竟onthecontrary相反地ontheotherhand另一方面unfortunately不幸地infact事实上anyway无论如何however然而although尽管如此conversely相反地；否则inthesameway同样地despite尽管inparticular特别地bythistime此时fortunately幸福地whereas然而but但是unlike与……不同allthesame但是still仍然likewise同样地yet仍；然而nevertheless尽管如此nodoubt无疑地perhaps或许Luckily幸运地inspiteof尽管asamatteroffact事实上4．有关“合”的常用词语tosumup总而言之aboveall最重要的是forthisreason所以finally最后inconclusion总之bydoingso籍此ashasbeennoted如前所述atlast终于therefore因此tosumup总而言之asaconsequence因此obviously显然onthewhole就全体而论；整个看来truly的确insum，总之；简而言之briefly简要地说asaresult结果hence因此inbrief简而言之inshort简而言之consequently因此asIhavesaid如我所述insummary摘要地说thus因此toconclude总而言之so所以certainly无疑atlength最后，终于inbrief简而言之tospeakfrankly坦白地说eventually最终indeed确实nodoubt毫无疑问accordingly于是surely无疑三．根据衔接词本身的意思和文章连接所需要的逻辑意义，可分为以下14类。1.表示因果关系asaresultHeneverstudiedhard,andasaresulthefailedinthelastexamination.asaresultofHeislateforworkasaresultoftrafficaccident.accordinglyHewanttobuyaradioforstudyEnglish,andaccordinglyhermotherboughtitforhim.because(of)Wearedelayedbecauseofatrafficjam.duetoHissuccessisduetohisexcellentwork.owingtoOwingtohisabsence,ourmeetingiscanceledthankstoThankstoyourhelp,orIwillhavefailedintheexamination.nowthatNowthatyouhavegrownup,youmustearnforyourself.aslongasYoucouldaccomplishyourdreamsolongasyoutryitagainandagain.sinceSinceyouareherenow,you’dbettergiveahand.onaccountofDon’tgiveuponaccountofhisadvice.inthatThepolicyisharmfulinthatitmayencouragepeopletogiveupsothatTheofficerspokeatthetopofhisvoicesothateverysoldiercouldhearhim.consequentlyIt

7rainedsoheavily,consequently,wecancelledtheplaytoclimbthemountain.henceItis12now,henceyoumusttakeasleep.thefactthatThefactthatyoulostthistimedoesn’tnecessarilymeanyouwon’tbeabletowinnexttimethereforeThereisacalculatingmistakethere,therefore,theansweriswrong.2.表示解释关系asamatteroffactIwillgotherethismorning,asamatteroffact,Ihaveonly10minutes’drivefromyou.aswellIwillgothere.Myfriendwillgowithmeaswell.franklyspeakingFranklyspeaking,Iamnotverysatisfactorywithyourwords.inthiscaseInthiscase,Iwillgothereassoonaspossible.3.表示推理关系orelseMakehaste,orelseyouwillbelate.otherwiseYoumustbearthispassport,otherwiseyouwillbestoppedbytheguard.ifsoIfso,itwillmakeagreatdifference.thatimpliesHeisinpanicnow,sothatimpliesheislying.toputitmorepreciselyHeisratherstrong,toputitmoreprecisely,heisalittlesturdy.undernocircumstancesUndernocircumstanceswillIgothere.4.表示递进关系additionallyIlikeplayingcards,additionally,playingchessisalsomyfavorite.inadditionIneedyourhelp.Inaddition,Ialsoneedhersupport.besidesFirst,wemustworkhard.Besides,wemustworkwithacreativemind.andmoreoverThehatistherightsizeforyou,andmoreover,itgoeswellwithyourskin.thatistosayThestockpriceisdeclining,thatistosay,Iamlosingmoney.furthermoreSheiskind,andfurthermore,sheisbeautiful.inotherwordsIamnothungry,inotherwords,Ireallydislikethefoodinthiscanteen.equallyimportantYoushouldreadmorenewsfromnewspapersandequallyimportant,keepaneyeonthenewsfromtheradio.what’smoreItisharmfultomyhealth,andwhat’smore,itisnogoodtomywork.lastbutnotleastLastbutnotleast,mythanksshouldgotoeverymemberofmyclass.5.表比较关系equallyasateacher,Ishouldteachwell.Butequally,Ishouldstudywell.incomparisonwithIncomparisonwiththeredone,Iwouldliketochoosethebluecap.inthesamewayItissuchacoincidencethatwefigureitoutinthesameway.incontrasttoIncontrasttoyourbelief,Iquitedisagreewithyou,insteadIfyoudon’tgo,I’llgoinstead.onthecontraryYouthoughtIlikeit.Onthecontrary,Idislikeit.incontrastItishotinthedaytime,butincontrastit’sverycoldatnight.whileWearehappyinChina,whilemostAfricansliveunhappily.6.表选择关系alternativelyYoumaytaketheexam．Alternativelyyoutakeanotheronenextyear．either……orEitheryouorIwillgothere．ratherthanInthismatter，theparentsshouldbeblamedratherthanthechildren．insteadofYoushouldbereadingbooksinsteadoflyingthereinbed．not……butSheisnotanEnglishteacher，butaGermanstudent．whether……ornotIwonderwhetheryouwillcomeornotthisafternoon．neither……norNeitheryounorIwillgothere．Hewillcomethisafternoon．7.表转折关系

8althoughAlthoughheisold，hestillworkeveryday．despiteIwillvisithimdespitetheheavysnowatthesametimeThelittlekidbringtroubles，butatthesametimeyoucan'thelplikinghim.eventhoughEvensheislate,shewalksslow.howeverIplannedtogothere,however,theincidentsuddenlyinterruptmynormalwork.inspiteofInspiteoftheboy’ssincerity,theteacherisstillveryangry.neverthelessNevertheless,Iwouldtrytomakearemedy.regardlessofRegardlessofage,sex,raceandeconomiclevel,allmenareequal.notwithstandingIhavedetermined,notwithstandingyourdisapproval.onthecontraryIusedtothinkthattheresultwillbegood.Onthecontrary,itturnsouttobebad.stillIt’srainingcatsanddogsoutside;still,Iwillvisithim.thoughIwillvisithimthoughitisrainingthere.otherwiseWemustbehurry,otherwisewecannotcatchthebus.whileSadnessisbeautifulwhilelonelinessistragical.yetHeissentimentalsometimes,yetIstilllikehim.8.表总结关系allinallAllinall,wemustcopewithitwell.brieflyBriefly,Iagreewithyouonthematter.inconclusionInconclusion,thefirstopinionismuchmorereasonablethanthelatteridea.insummaryInsummary,wecan’tfullybelievewhatweheardfromothers.tosumupTosumup,teachingstudentisnotaneasytasktoperform.onthewholeOnthewhole,thebookisextremelyvaluable.inallInall,itisgreattobeafather.inshortIninIninIninIninIntoTotoToshort,actionsspeaklouderthanwords.briefbrief,tohelpothersistohelpyourself.awordaword,wewillwinwhiletheywillloose.termspracticalterms,Ibelieveitwillwork.sumsum,itisgreattobeateacher.summarizesummarize,sparetherod,spoilthechildren.concludeconclude,itistruethatweshouldpaymoreattentiontothisproblem.9.表次序关系aboveallAboveall,remembertocallmewhenyouarrive.afterwardsWeplayedthewholedayandafterwardswalkedhometogetherintheevening.eventuallyEventually,herosetothepositionofvicepresident.first/firstly/firstofallFirst(ly)/Firstofall,I'llmentionthehistory.second/secondlySecond/secondly,Iwillmentionthepresent.furthermoreFurthermore,itisnotgoodenoughinthisrespect.finallyFinally,Iagreewithyouonthismatter.lastbutnotleastLastbutnotleast,mypersonaleffortsalsoplayasmallroleintheaccomplishmentofthetask.toconcludeToconclude,lifeisnotabattleifyouwanttobeanormalman.lastlyLastly,Imustsayitwillberememberedbypeoplearoundtheworld.intheendIntheend,theypartedeachotheratthecrossroad.10.表强调关系aboveallAboveall,thegoodpolicymakesusdaretoberich.ofcourseOfcourseyouwillfallbehindifyoudon'tstudyharder.indeedIamindeedverygladtoseeyouarewellandsound.mostimportantMostimportant,itisabookforsalefirst.withgreatemphasisonHedeliveredaspeechwithemphasisonthesolarenergy.11.表示过度关系

9asregardsasregardsyourschoolreport,Idon'tquiteagree.asto/asforShe'sveryuncertainastowhereheisnow.bythewayBytheway,thereisaletterforyouinthePresident'soffice.withreferencetoWithreferencetofurtherinformation,pleaseletmeknow.withregardtoWithregardtoyourscoreinlastexamination,Iamafraiditisnotagoodnewsforyou.regardingItisabookregardingtheWaratHasting.concerningNobodyhavetheinformationconcerninghiswhereabouts.talkingofTalkingofphilosophy,Iknowlittleaboutit.incidentallyIncidentally,yourproposalhasmostpeople'sattention,toresumeToresumeourdiscussion,howdoyouthinkofLincoln?togetbacktothepointTogetbacktothepoint,haveyouevervisitedMr.Johnson?12.表示举例关系asfollowsThereasonsareasfollows.acaseinpointAcaseinpoint,Qingdaoissuchabeautifulcity.forexampleForexample,ChairmanMaoissuchagreathero.forinstanceTherearemanyadvantages,forinstance,itcanmakeyourbookperfect.includingTherearemanychildrenthere,includinga2-year-oldbaby.toillustrateToillustrate,Icangiveyoumanyexamples.13.表示同指关系thatisTherearetwopersonsthere,thatis,TomandJack.inotherwordsInotherwords,wemustfinishitbeforehecomes.thatistosaylet'sgobacktotheoriginalplan,thatistosay,youmustgothere.14.表示时间关系afterawhileAfterawhile,hecamebackwithsmileonhisface.afterwardsTomcameinforacupoftea,thenhewentoutsoonafterwards.aslongasYoumayborrowthisbookaslongasyoureturnit.atlastAtlast,wesucceed.atlengthAtlengthhetoldusthetruth.atthattimeAtthattime,allpeoplearepoor.eventuallyWewaitedforheronandon,andeventuallyshecame.finallyAfteraheateddiscussion,finallyhegaveup.inthepastInthepasthewasverynaughty.meanwhileTomwaslisteningtotheradio,andmeanwhileAdamwasreading.presentlyHeispresentlythepresidentoftheU.S..sofarSofarhe'sbeentoChinamorethan3times.thereafterThereafter,theylivedahappylife.untilIdidnotfeelhungryuntilmidnight.untilnowHehasnotcomeuntilnow.whenIusedtolistentotheradiowhenIwasyoung.第三章名言佳句及写作中的一些惯用表达一．典型句型及惯用表达1．论证和说明的常用句型(1)Asitisdescribedthat…(2)Ithasbeenillustratedthat…(3)Itprovidesagoodexampleof…(4)Historymayprovideuswiththeexamplesof…(5)Accordingtoalateststudy,itcanbepredicted…(6)Accordingtothestatisticsprovided…(7)Arecentinvestigationindicatesthat…(8)Thesituationisnotunique;itistypicalofdozensIhaveheard…(9)Anumberoffurtherfactsmaybeadded…(10)Wemayfacetheundeniablefactthat…Noonecandenythefactthat…Allthefactssuggestthat…Theideamaybeprovesbyfacts…Itrevealstheunquestionablefactsthat…Examplesgivenleadmetoconcludethat…Allavailableevidencepointstothefactthat…Thereisnosufficientevidencetoshowthat…

102．文章、段落起始的常用句型：(1)Itisquiteclearthat…because…Thereisnodoubtthat…because…Somepeoplebelievethat…because…(2)Withthe(rapid)growthofoureconomy(heavyindustries\transportationsystem\marketeconomy\population\privateenterprises\housingindustry\…),anincreasingnumberofproblems,suchas(watershortages\trafficjams\industrialpollution\wasteofenergy\desertspreading\…)(3)Astheproverbsays…(Itgoeswithoutsayingthat…\Generallyspeaking…\Itisoftensaidthat…)(4)Therearethreemajorvaluesofowningacar(acomputer\anapartment\amobilephone\…).Tobeginwith…next…Last…(5)Facedwith…,quiteafewpeoplearguethat…butotherpeopleconceivedifferently.(6)Thesedaysweoftenheardthat…butisthisreallythecase?(7)Thepossiblesolutionsoftheenergycrisis(watershortages\pollution\socialproblems…)dependsonthreefacts…(8)Recently,extensivestudies(statistics\surveys\investigations\)show(reveal\indicate\demonstrate\prove\…)thatChinesecitiesandtownssufferwatershortages.(9)WeenjoyInternetsurfingnotbecausewearecuriousaboutnewthings,butbecauseInternetrepresentsthelatesttechnology.Onegreatmansaid…Thereisageneraldiscussiontodayabouttheissueof…Asthemarketeconomy(thelegalsystem\thelivingstandard\thehighereducationsystem\thehighwaynetwork\…)improvesinChina,freecompetitionwillincreasinglyreplaceallsortsofmonopolies.3．用于描写图表和数据的常用句型(1)Itwasdecreasedtwicethanthatoftheyear1996.(2)Thetotalnumberwasloweredby10%.(3)Ithasincreasedbythreetimesascomparedwiththatof1990.(4)Thereisanincreaseof35%intotalthisyear.(5)Itrosefrom15-30%ofthetotalthisyear.(6)Comparedwith1989,itfellfrom60-45percent.(7)Ithasbeenincreasedbyafactorof5since1990.(8)Itwouldbeexpectedtoincrease3times.(9)Thenumberis8timesasmuchasthatof1988.(10)Ithasdecreasedalmosttwoandhalftimes,comparedwith…(11)Thetableshowsathreetimesincreaseoverthatoflastyear.4．有关文章、段落结尾的常用句型、短语(1)Toconclude…(2)Inaword(Inconclusion\Tosumup)…(3)Inshort,populationexplosion(environmentalpollutionandexhaustionofnaturalresources)isthemajorproblemtobesolvedtomakeourworldabetterplaceinwhichtolive.(4)Weshoulddoourbesteliminatingindustrialpollution(organizedcrimes\illiteracy\poverty)inChina.(5)Itishightimethatweputconsiderableemphasison…(Takingintoaccountallthesefactors,wemaysafelyreachtheconclusionthat…\theresultisdependenton…)(6)WeshouldredoubleoureffortstobuildChinaintoapowerful(prosperous\bettereducated\…)nationwithinternationalprestige.(7)Inordertomakeourworldabetterplaceinwhichtolive,wemustlearntoliveinharmonywithallwildlifespecies(stopthepopulationofourenvironmentrightaway\)(8)Fromthepointsofview,wecansee…(Therefore,thesefindingsrevealthefollowinginformation…)(9)Weshouldnotletthegoodopportunityslipby.Onthecontrary,weshouldseizeanyopportunityandfacethechallengewithconfidence,courageandwisdom.(10)Itisnotwhatyousaybutwhatyoudothatreallycounts.

11(11)Thus,thisiswhy(Asfaras…beconcerned,Ibelievethat\Thereislittledoubtthat\Itisobviousthat)wemust…(12)Itisimperativeforustotakeeffectivemeasurestocorrectthesituation(fightcorruption\easewatershortages\…).5．用于驳斥和比较的常用句型(1)Ingeneral,Idon’tagreewith…(2)Inmyopinion,(3)Theadvantagesof…aremuchgreaterthan…(4)Advantagesoundsridiculouswhen…advantagesaretakenintoconsideration.(5)Thechiefreasonwhy…isthat…(6)Thereisnodoubtthat…(7)Itisonethingtoinsistthat…,itisquiteanothertoshowthat…(8)Wonderfulas…is,however,ithasitsowndisadvantagestoo.(9)Itisnottruethat…(10)Whatthispeoplefailtoconsideristhat…(11)Wehavenoreasontobelievethat…(12)Whatismoreseriousisthat…(13)Itwouldbereasonabletotaketheviewthat…,butitwouldbefoolishtoclaimthat…(14)Besides,weshouldnotneglectthat…(15)Whatseemstobethetroubleis…(16)Butitisapitythat…6．解释原因、分析影响的常用句型(1)Differentpeopleobserveitindifferentways.(2)Itisnotsimpletogivethereasonforthiscomplicatedphenomenon…(3)Everybodyknowsthat…(4)Itcanbeeasilyprovedthat…(5)Thereareseveralpossiblereasons,exceptthat…(6)Itistruethat…(7)Noonecandenythat…(8)Itischieflyresponsiblefor…(9)Thechiefreasonisthat…(10)Perhapstheprimaryreasonis…(11)Wemustrecognizethat…(12)Thereisnodoubtthat…(13)Thereareseveralcausesforthissignificantgrowthin…First…Finally…(14)First…Second…Finally…二．习语四、六级英语考试中的作文部分往往会跟时事联系得较为紧密。因此，我们在平时就应该多记一些这样的习语句子，使文章能结合社会实际，可以尽量避免因不懂习语而写出一些牵强附会的句子。以至辞不达意，言不由衷。1．关于社会及经济的发展China,whichhasspecificnationalconditions,cannotcopythedevelopmentmodelofWesterncapitalistcountries,norcanitmechanicallyfollowmodelsofbuildingsocialisminothercountries.中国有自己的特殊国情，因此既不能模仿西方资本主义国家的发展模式，也不能机械地照搬别的社会主义国家的发展模式。TobuildsocialismwithChinesecharacteristicsissuitedtoChina’sconditionsandaccordswiththefundamentalrightsoftheoverwhelmingmajorityoftheChinesepeople.建设有中国特色的社会主义事业，符合中国国情，符合中国最大多数人的根本利益。Althoughtheinternationalsituationhasundergonemanychanges,ChinawilladheretopathofbuildingsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics.尽管国际形势发生了重大变化，中国仍将坚定不移地走发展有中国特色的社会主义道路。Themaingoalsofsocialismaretheliberationanddevelopmentofproductiveforces,theeliminationofexploitationandpolarizationbetweentherichandthepoorandthefinalachievementofcommonprosperity.社会主义的主要目标是解放和发展生产力，消灭剥削，消除两极分化，最终达到共同富裕。Thebasictaskofthenationistoconcentrateitseffortsonsocialistmodernization.国家的根本任务是集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设。Chinawillnotchangeherpoliciesofreformandopeningup,butwillinsteadacceleratethepace.中国不会改变改革开放政策，而且会不断加快改革步伐。Thespecialeconomiczoneserves

12notonlyasaspecialchannelforChinatoutilizeforeigninvestment,introduceadvancedforeigntechnology,butalsoasatypicalplacewhereitsreformistested.经济特区不仅是中国利用外资、引进国外先进技术的特殊渠道，也是检验中国改革的试验区。Allthisrequiresustoseizetheopportunityandacceleratedevelopment.形势要求我们必需抓住机遇，加快发展。2.关于国家主权、民族平等ThegovernmentofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaisthesolelegalgovernmentrepresentingthepeopleofChina.中华人民共和国政府是代表中国人民的唯一合法政府。TaiwanispartofthesacredterritoryofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.台湾是中华人民共和国神圣领土的一部分。ChinesepeopleofallethnicgroupsarefirmlyopposedtoanyattempttosplittheChineseterritoryandsovereignty.中国各族人民坚决反对任何分裂中国主权和领土完整的企图。Chinaisfirmlyopposedtointerferenceinothercountry’sinternalaffairsunderanypretextandbyanymeans.中国坚决反对以任何借口、用任何方式干涉别国内政。Taiwanwillcertainlyreturntotheembraceofthemotherland.台湾必将回到祖国的怀抱。AllChinesenationalities,largeorsmall,areequal.中国各民族不论大小，一律平等。EthnicgroupsenjoynotonlyalltherightscitizensareentitledtoundertheConstitutionandthelaw,butalsospecialrightsenjoyedonlybyethnicgroups.少数民族人民不仅同汉族人民一样平等地享有宪法和法律规定的全部公民权利，而且还依法享有少数民族特有的各项权利。.3．教育9-yearcompulsoryeducationhasbeenmadeuniversalinmostpartsofthecountry.全国大部分地区已普遍实行了9年义务教育。Itliesonustolickilliteracy.扫除文盲是我们的责任。Weneedtovigorouslyimproveeducationtotrainprofessionalsandworkersmuchneededinvariousfields.积极发展教育事业，加快培养急需的各类人才。Theguidingprinciplesforthereforminthehighereducationarestrengtheningtraininginthefundamentalsandlayingemphasisonapplication.高等教育的指导方针是：加强基础学科的培训，将重点放在应用能力上。Inlightoftheneedofeconomicandsocialdevelopment,weneedtocontinuetorevisetheeducationalstructureandorganization,optimizethedivisionofthedisciplines,updateteachingmaterials,reformthecurriculum,examinationandevaluationsystems,improvethemethodsandqualityofinstruction.根据经济和社会发展的要求，继续调整教育结构和布局，优化专业设置，更新教材，改革课程体系、考试评价制度和教学方法，提高教学质量。4．农业Agricultureisthefoundationofnationaleconomy.农业是国民经济的基础。Increaseinfarmers’incomesandreductionintheirburdenswillbeanimportantcriterionforjudgingouragriculturalandruralwork.把农民是否增加收入和减轻负担作为检验农业和农村工作的重要标准。5．妇女、老人及儿童Equalpayforequalworkshouldbeappliedtomenandwomenalike.实行男女同工同酬。Thestateprotectsthespecialrightsandinterestsenjoyedbywomenaccordingtolaw,andgraduallyperfectitssocialsecuritysystemwithrespecttowomen..国家保护妇女依法享有的特殊权益，逐步完善对妇女的社会保障制度。Effortsshouldbemadetosafeguardchildren’srightstobecaredfor,educatedandprotected.

13保护儿童的生存权、发展权、受教育权和受保护权。Controllingthesizeandraisingthequalityofpopulation.控制人口数量，提高人口质量。6．关于国际形势Whiletheinternationalsituationismovingtowardsdetenteingeneral,unstablefactorsstillexist.国际形势总体趋向缓和，但不稳定因素继续存在。stPaceanddevelopmentwillstillbethemainthemeinthe21century.和平和发展仍将是21世纪的时代主题。Inordertoestablishajustandrationalinternationalfinancialandeconomicorder,theprimarytaskistoopposehegemoniesandpowerpolitics.为建立公平合理的国际政治经济新秩序，首先就要反对霸权主义和强权政治。三．名言1．有关时光Timeismoney,butmoneycanneverbuytime.一寸光阴一寸金，寸金难买寸光阴。Opportunityseldomknockstwice.机不可失，失不再来。Losttimeisneverfoundagain.时光一去不复返。Lifeisshortandtimeisswift.人生短暂，光阴似箭。Neverputofftilltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday.今日事今日毕。Timeworkswonders.时间创造奇迹。Timetriestruth.时间检验真理。Hethatgainstimegainsallthings.赢的时间的人就赢的了一切。Timeflies.时间飞逝。2．有关知识Knowledgeispower.知识就是力量。Wisdomistothemindwhathealthistothebody.知识之于心灵，犹如健康之于身体。Witboughtisbetterthanwittaught.不经一事，不长一智。Hethatknowsnothingdoubtsnothing.无知既无疑。Doubtisthekeyofknowledge.怀疑是求知的钥匙。Healoneispoorwhodoesnotpossessknowledge.没有知识才识真正的贫穷Whatsculptureistoablackofmarble,educationistothesoul.教育之于心灵，正如雕刻之于大理石。3．有关勤奋Nopains,nogains.不劳则无获。It’sdoggedasdoesit.精诚所至，金石为开。Nocrossnocrown.无苦即无乐。（没有困难就没有成功）Ambitionmakespeoplediligent.壮志使人勤奋。Nosweetwithoutsweat.不吃苦中苦，难得甜中甜。Amanisnevertoooldtolearn.活到老学到老。（学不嫌迟）Ifwewasteouryouth,wewillspendtherestofourliveswishingwewereyoungagain.虚度年华将终生悔恨。Romewasnotbuiltinaday.伟业非一日之功。4．有关人品Forgiveallbutthyself.严以律己，宽以待人。Onegoodturndeservesanother.以德报德。（善有善报）Oneillturndeservesanother.恶有恶报Virtueisbeyondprice.美德乃无价之宝。Afriendisneedisafriendindeed.患难见真情。Agoodfameisbetterthanafoodface.美名胜于美貌。Honestyisthebestpolicy.诚实才是上策。Hethatsowsvirtuereapsfame.播种美德者，收获名声。Beautywithoutvirtueisarosewithoutfragrance.无德之美犹如没有香味的玫瑰，徒有其表。5．有关共识Anearneighborisbetterthanafar-dwellingkindness.远亲不如近邻Likeknowslike.英雄所见略同。Itisagoodhorsethatneverstumbles.金无足赤，人无完人。Helaughsbestwholaughslast.谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。Wherethereisawillthereisaway.有志者事竟成。Halfaloafisbetterthannobread.有总比没有好。Morehaste,lessspeed.欲速则不达。Itishardtoplease

14all.众口难调Seeingisbelieving,toseeistobelieve.耳听为虚，眼见为实。Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧。Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.天助自助者。Habitissecondnature.习惯成自然。Twoheadsarebetterthanone.两人智慧胜一人。Nothingsucceedslikesuccess一事成功事事顺利。Easiersaidthandone说起来容易做起来难。Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者事竟成。Ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswithasinglestep.千里之行使于足下。Onepictureisworthathousandwords.百闻不如一见。AllroadsleadtoRome.条条大路通罗马。Hebitesoffmorethanhecanchew.贪多嚼不烂。Wellbegun,halfdone.好的开始，成功了一半。Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.人以群分，物以类聚。6．有关告诫Allthatglittersisnotgold.闪光的未必都是金子。Tofallinpit,togainawit.吃一堑，长一智。Agoodnameisbetterthangreatriches.美名胜于财富。Contentishappiness.知足常乐。Lookbeforeyouleap.三思而后行。WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.入乡随俗。Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.人以群分，物以类聚。Ifthereisnofailure,therewillbenosuccess.失败乃成功之母Onefalsestepwillmakeagreatdifference.失之毫厘，谬以千里。Experienceisthemotherofwisdom.实践出真知。Respectyourself,ornooneelsewillrespectyou.只有自己尊重自己，别人才会尊重你。AllworkandnoplaymakeJackadullboy.只工作不休息，再聪明的孩子也会变傻。Opportunitiesareneverlostsomeonewilltaketheoneyoumiss.机遇是从来不会丢失的，只不过是别人把你错过的拿走了。Useyourwittoamusenotabuse.用你的智慧去愉悦人，而不是去侮辱人。四．成句：使用在文章中的一些佳句文章中使用的佳句往往能起到画龙点睛的作用。想在四、六级英语考试中的作文部分拿高分的话，就应该多记一些这样的精华句子，使文章能流露出文采，脱颖于平淡。下面是一些在英语写作中常用的精华句子。Asamatteroffact(however/anyway/obviously)somepeoplehavedoubtofthis…Forexample…事实是，有些人还是对…充满怀疑的。例如…Thuseffectivemeasuresshouldbetakenimmediately那么，我们应立即采取有效措施。.Governmentshouldenactstrictlawstopreventpeoplefrom…政府应该定出严格的法律来保护人们以免遭…Formmyownexperience,Icangetsuchaconclusionthatis…从我个人经验，得到一个结论：Acountryfullofilliterateswouldsufferfrompovertyignoranceandbackwardness,andwouldhavenoescapefromhumiliation,asthecasewitholdChina.一个充满文明的国家将回承受贫寒、愚昧和落后，蒙受耻辱，就想旧中国一样。Inafamilyhavingmanychildren,astheparentshaveonlylimitedingeneral,theycannotgivetheirchildrensgoodbreadinginfood,clothingandshelter,letaloneeducation.在一个有活动孩子的家里，父母不可能为孩子们提供很好的食物、衣服和住房，更谈不上教育了，因为一般来讲父母的收入是有限的。TherapiddevelopmentofChain’seconomyandtheincreaseininternationalexchangeinvariousfieldshasmadeitnecessaryandurgentforuniversitystudentstomasterhighlevelofforeignlanguages.由于中国经济的迅速发展和在各个领域国际交流的增加，大学生们要掌握高水平的外语已迫在眉睫。Therefore,itisurgentforthegovernmenttotakeimmediatemeasurestosolvetheproblemofwatershortage.因此政府必须采取紧急措施解决水缺乏问题。Withtheimplementationoftheopen–doorpolicy,greatchangehavetakeplaceinmyhometown.随着对外开放政策的实施，我们的家乡发生了巨大的变化。Energycanbesavedbyvariousmeans.可以通过各种发式节约能源。Thoughitishardtodo

15awaywiththisconvection,itisrewarding.虽然摆脱这个习俗很难，但是值得的。AsforIamconcerned,Iamfondoflivingatcollege.就我而言，我喜欢住校。Computerscanhelpdifferentpeopleindifferentways.计算机能以不同的方式帮助不同的人。Let’smakeacomparisonbetweenlivingincityandlivingincountry.让我们将城里的生活以乡村的生活作一比较。Itisevidentthattrafficaccidentsmaynotonlycausealotofdeathbutalsoproduceeconomicloss.很明显，交通事故不仅能引起众多死亡，而且会造成经济损失。Bycontrast,thosewhoareagainstkeepingpetsbelievepetscannotonlypollutethehumanenvironmentbutalsothreatenpeople’shealth.相反，那些反对养宠物的人相信宠物不仅污染人类的环境而且威胁人类的健康。Thesupportersthinkdivorcerepresentsocialprogresssinceitisrelatedtothewomen’sliberationmovement.支持者认为离婚代表一种社会进步，因此它以妇女解放运动相关。Althoughtherearesomedisadvantagestogoingabroad,theadvantagesseemtomeoutweighthedisadvantages.虽然出国有一些弊端，但我看来Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplecareabouttheshortageofnaturalresourcesofthisplant.现在越来越多的人关注这个星球上自然资源短缺的问题。Withthefastdevelopmentofthemarketeconomy,thereappearedmoreandmorefakecommodities.随着市场经济的飞速发展，出现了越来越多的假冒伪劣商品。Comparedwithcars,bicycleshavemanyadvantages.和汽车相比，自行车有很多优点。Inchoosingahobbythatwillsuitourindividualneedswehavetotakeaccountofseveralfactors.要选择一个适合自己需要的业余爱好，我们得考虑几个因素。Ithinkoneofthemainproblemswithtoday’seducationisthattoomuchemphasisisplacedontestscores.我认为当今教育的主要问题之一是过于强调考试的分数了。Despitethepopularityofanewersourceofinformationtelevision,readinganewspaperisstillourmostconvenientwaytofindouttheworldaroundus.尽管一种更新的信息来源电视十分受欢迎，读报仍然是我们了解周围世界最方便的一种方式，Nomatterhowwelleducatedyoumaybe,youwilllearnalotduringyourtravels.无论你受过多好的教育，你都会从旅游中学到很多。Therearemanymeansofrecreationinwhichpeopleengageintheirleisuretime.在业余时间人们娱乐的方式有很多种。Forthesakeofpublichealthitistimetotakeactionstoeliminatethiscauseofdeath.为了公众的健康，是采取行动消除这种引起死亡根源的时候了。Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,thecomputershavebecomemoreadvanced.随着科学技术的发展，计算机越来越先进。Asiswellknown,themaincaseoftrafficaccidentsisdrivers’carelessness.众所周知，交通事故的主要原因是司机的粗心大意。Nothingcancompensateforherspirithurt.没有什么可以弥补她精神上受到的伤害。theaboveanalysisnaturallyleadsustothefollowingpossiblesolutionstotheproblem.上面的分析很自然地使我们想到了如下的解决问题的方法。Onlybyadoptingthesemeasurescanwereducethefakecommodities.只有采取这些措施我们才能减少假冒伪劣商品。Buteverythingintheworldhastwosides.WatchingTVisnoexception.但是，凡事都有利有弊，看电视也不例外。Forthesakeofhiscontinuingdevelopment,manmustchangehisattitudetowardsnature.为了自身的持续发展，人类必须改变对大自然的态度。Therefore,ifeveryonecomplieswithtrafficregulationsandtakescarewhiledriving,ridingbicyclesorwalkingalongthestreet,roadaccidentscanbegreatlyreduced.因此，如果人人遵守交通规则，开车、骑自行车或走路小心些，交通事故就可以大大减少。Manysocialproblemsdeserveourattention.很多社会问题应该引起我们的注意。Asiswell

16known,telephonehasbroughtusmushconvenience.众所周知，电话已经给我们带来很多方便。Aminuteofextrathinkingbeforehandcansavehoursofworrylater.事前多一分钟的考虑可免除事后数小时的焦虑。Ifyouarestilltalkingaboutwhatyoudidyesterday,youhaven’tdonemuchtoday.如果你还在谈论昨天的所为，那么你今天就没有什么收获。Ananswertothisproblemmustbefoundormankindwilldestroyitself.人类必须找到这个问题的答案，否则人类将会自己毁了自己。Soweshouldnotsimplysaystudyingabroadisagoodthingorabadthing.因此，我们不能简单地说出国留学是好事还是坏事。Iwaspreparedfortheworst,hopeforthebest.我做了最好的期望，最坏的打算。Intheabsenceofadequateevidence.hewaslightlypunished.因证据不足，他只受到了小小的惩罚。Ibelievethechildrenwetodaywillbewelleducated,whichwillcontributealottothemodernizationofourcountry.我相信我们今天帮助的孩子会受到良好的教育，而这将对我国的现代化做出巨大贡献。Itisthedifferentcharactersthatattractpeopletoliveincountryorincity.就是城乡之间不同的特点才吸引了人们生活在城市或生活在农村。AsfarasIamconcerned,Iagreewiththelatteropiniontosomeextent.就我而言，我在某种同意后一种意见。Asmatteroffact,therearemanyotherfactorsthathavesomethingtodowithastudent’sperformance,amongwhichhisstateofmindisthemostimportant.事实上，有很多因素与学生的表现有关。其中，学生的心理状态是最重要的。Theargumentsnobothsidesarepersuasivebutcertainpunishment.双方的辨认都很有说服力，但某些其他的因素促成我投票反对死刑。Job-hoppinghasbecomeahottopicamongpeople,especiallytheyoung,andheateddebatesfocusonit,asaresult.跳槽成了人们谈论的热门话题，尤其是年轻人。人们对此争论不休。Inmostcases,thelinedrawnbetweenmusicandnoiseisnecessarilysubjective.在大多数情况下，音乐和噪音之间的区别必然是主观的。Teenagerscanenjoythebenefitsofpart-timeworkwhileavoidingitsdrawbackssimplybylimitingtheirworkhoursduringtheschoolyears.青少年可以通过限制工作时间的办法既享受了半工半读的好处又避开其负面影响。Toreducethenumberofaccidents,weshouldtakethefollowingmeasures.为了减少事故，我们应该如下的措施。Onlybydoingsocanweimprovethesituation.只有这样做我们才能改善局面。Decidingallthethingsforthechildrenwillonlymakethemapassivelisteneranddependentdoer,whichwilldothemnogoodinthelongrun.事事替孩子做主，只会使孩子被动的顺从，不能自立。从长远观点来看，这对孩子并无好处。Whenourlivesarefilledwithsunshine,weneedabitofraintomakeourheadsclear.当生活充满阳光的时候，我们也需要一点点雨来清醒一下头脑。Youarepayingdearlyforthe“privilege“oflivinginamoderncity.你为能在现代化城市生活而付出昂贵的代价。Aswecanseefromthetable…从图中可以看出……..Differentpeoplehavegotdifferentattitudestowards…不同的人……有不同看法。Whydomoreandmoreteenagerssmoke?Thereasonsareasfollows.为什么越来越多的青少年吸烟？原因如下所述。Thereareatleastthreereasonswhysomanychildrenhavedroppedoutofschool.为什么有这么多孩子辍学，其原因至少有三。Advertisementhasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.广告是有利亦有弊。Asknotwhatourcountrycandoforyou–askwhatyoucandoforyourcountry.不要问国家能为你做些什么，问问你自己能为国家做些什么。第四章实用模块

17本章分六个小节，分别对对比选择型,问题解决型,观点论证型,现象解释型,图表类型及应用文体各类模块进行探讨。旨在为学生提供大量体裁新颖且贴近生活热点,难点的文章,并先以文章结构的组织为蓝本,以给出主题句,固定用法为辅导，习语为引子构建出文章的基本框架。使学生对文章将要讨论的内容，如何遣词造句，以及文章句与句，段与段之间的衔接心中有“树”。最后再对照所给框架给出范文参考。学生应对文中的一些惯用表达，习语等加以记忆，对一些短小精悍的文章进行背诵，这将有利于学生在短期内对英文写作有所提高，产生事半功倍的效果，以便能轻松应付四，六级考试中的作文部分。一、对比选择型模块模块一Topic:Somepeoplelikecitylife.Because.Furthermore,.Ontheotherhand,.What’smore.Ilikethecitylifemoreperhapsbecause.If.范文:CityLifeorCountryLifeSomepeoplelikecitylife.Becausetheythinklifeshouldbeenergetic,fast—goingandexciting.Livinginacitywherethelifepaceisfast,onehasopportunitiestotakepartinagreatvarietyofactivities.FurthermorethecitylifeappearsalsoeasierforFurthermore,thosewhodonothavetimetodocooking,wishingandotherhousework.Onecanconvenientlygetwhatonewantsbythecomprehensiveservicesinthecity.hand,Ontheotherhandotherpeoplethinkthecountrylifeisbetterthancitylife.Theyaremostlyquietpeoplewhoenjoyapeacefullife.What’smoretheclearairandpurewaterWhat’more,inthecountrysidewilldothemgood,too.Manyoldpeoplechoosetospendtheremainderoftheirlivesfarawayfromcities.IlikecitylifebetterperhapsbecauseIamstillyoung.Thecitylifepromisessomuchtome,fromsportsgamestoexhibitionsandtotheInternet.IfIneedtocalmdownforsometime,Icanalsofindsomequietplacesinthemiddleofthenoisycity.模块二Topic:Itisanoldtopicon.Ithinkthat,andIalsothinkthat.Firstofall.Thiswillhelpthemtounderstandnotonly,butalso.Ontheotherhand,.Asyoucansee,.Asimportantasitistohaveageneraleducation,onemustalsospecialize.Infact,.Thisisbecause.Thus,.Sofromwhathasbeendiscussed,onecanreachonlythisconclusion:inordertoinpursueof.范文:SpecializedEducationorGeneralEducation?ItisanoldtopiconSpecializedEducationorGeneralEducation.Ithinkthatgettingageneraleducationisveryimportant,andIalsothinkitisimportanttobespecializedtoadegreeinordertobesuccessful.Firstofall,peoplewhoarewell—rounded,tendtoknowaboutmanysubjects.Thiswillhelpthemtounderstandnotonlywherethingsstandrightnow,butalsothereasonswhytheyarethewaytheyare.Ifyouonlystudyonesubjectinuniversity,chancesareyourknowledgewillbelimited,whichwillmakeitdifficultforyoutounderstandthingsinapropercontext.Ontheotherhandifyouknowaboutmanyhand,subjects,ontopofyourspecializedknowledge,thenyouwillbeabletothinkaboutmorepossibilitieswhenitcomestothinkingabouttheseproblems.Asyoucanseeamoreinformedsee,decisionismade,whenyouareaidedbyagreaterknowledgebase.fact,Asimportantasit

18istohaveageneraleducation,onemustalsospecialize.Infacttodaymanyuniversitystudentsfinishtheirdegreeswithnoideaaboutwhattheyarepreparedfor.Thisisbecausetheirknowledgeistoogeneral,andtheyhavenotfocusedenoughuponanysubjects.Thusone’seducationmustbebothgeneralandspecializedsothathecanThus,performwellintoday’srealworld.Sofromwhathasbeendiscussed,onecanreachonlythisconclusion:inordertosolveproblemsandprepareforfuturecareer,itisonlylogicaltobalanceoneselfinthepursueofgeneralandspecializedknowledge.模块三Topic:Wheneverpeopleread,theywillcomeacrosstheproblemofwhethertheyshouldor,anditisnaturalfor.Somepeoplethinkweshould.Theysaythat.Furthermore,.Therefore,weshould.Butotherpeoplethinkotherwise.Theyarguedthat,weshouldnotonlybutalso.Onlywhenwe.Inmyopinion,weshould.First.Second.Onlyinthiswaycanwe.范文:ReadingSelectivelyorExtensively?Wheneverpeopleread,theywillcomeacrosstheproblemofwhethertheyshouldreadselectivelyorextensively,anditisnaturalfordifferentopinionstoarise.saySomepeoplethinkweshouldreadselectively.Theysaythattherearemillionsofbooksintheworldthatwecan’treadallofthem.FurthermoretherearealsomanybadorrubbishFurthermore,books,whichwillcausegreatharmtothementalandphysicalhealthofreaders.ThereforeTherefore,weshouldbecarefultochoosehealthyandinstructivebooks.otherwise.ButotherpeoplethinkotherwiseTheyarguedthatinanagewhenscienceandtechnologydevelopatasurprisingspeed,weshouldnotonlyreadbooksinourownfieldbutalsoreadextensivelyinbothsocialandnaturalsciences.Onlywhenwereadextensivelycanwekeepupwiththepaceofsocialdevelopment.opinion,First,Inmyopinionweshouldcombineselectivereadingwithextensivereading.Firstweshouldmakeacarefulselectionofthebookswhicharemosthelpfultous.SecondoncetheSecond,selectioniscompleted,weshouldreadasextensivelyaswecan.Onlyinthiswaycanwemakegooduseofbooks.模块四:Topic:Everystudentswillbefacedwiththesamequestionwhenhe.Differentpeoplewilloffer.Somestudentsgivepriorityto.Intheirmind,.Otherstudentspaymoreattentionto.Theyexpressthat.Howcanyouif?Inshort,thebestchoiceis.Wecanonlyget.Ifyou,thefirstthingtoconsideris.范文:ChooseaGoodMajororaGoodUniversityEverystudentwillbefacedwiththesamequestionwhenhepassestheCollegeEntranceExamination:Shouldhechooseagoodmajororagooduniversity?Differentpeoplewillofferdifferentanswers.Somestudentsgiveprioritytoagoodmajor.Whattheycherishisaspecialtytheylikemost.mind,Intheirmindwhethertheuniversityisfamousisnotveryimportantsolongasheworkshard,hecanlearnitwellinanyuniversity,andabrightfutureisawaitinghim.Otherstudentspaymore

19attentiontotheuniversity.Theyexpressthattheyattachgreatimportancetotheuniversitybecausetheenvironmentisvitaltothemakingofanexcellentpersonandisthesymbolofagoodfuturejobitself.Howcanyouhaveawidevisionandabroadhorizonifyoureceiveeducationinasmallcollege?short,Inshortthebestchoiceisagoodmajoratagooduniversity.Wecanonlygetsuchachanceaftermakinggreatefforts.Ifwecan’tboth,thefirstthingtoconsiderisathinggoodmajoritself.模块五:Topic:Attheendofthefourthyearintheuniversity,studentsarefacingtwochoices:or.Beforemakinguptheirmind,theyhaveto.Somestudentspreferto.Besides,.Ofcourse,.Otherstudentswouldrather.Butthedisadvantageofthischoiceisobvious:.AsfarasIamconcerned,,.范文:ToFindaJobortoGoonStudyingchoices:Attheendofthefourthyearintheuniversity,studentsarefacingtwochoicestofindajoborgoonstudyinginamaster’sprogram.Beforemakinguptheirmindtheyhavemind,toconsidereverycarefully.Somestudentsprefertoworkupongraduation.Theirparentshavesupportedthemfinanciallythroughouttheiruniversityyears,andnowwithabachelor’sdegree,theycanfindajob.Theywanttobeindependentoftheirparentsasearlyaspossible.BesidesBesides,practicalexperienceseemsmoreimportanttothemthanbookknowledge.Ofcoursetheyarecourse,alsoawarethatitishardtogetasatisfactoryjobwiththeirfirstacademicdegree.Otherstudentswouldratherstudytowardsamaster’sdegreebecausetheythinkmoretheoryandahigherdegreecanenablethemtoworkinanidealpositioninfuture.Buttheobvious:disadvantageofthischoiceisobvioustheyhavetospendanotherthreeyearsbeforetheycanearnmoney.Whenenoughmoneyismadeformarriagetheywillbequiteold.concerned,SofarasIamconcernedIhavedecidedtocontinuemystudiestogetamaster’sdegreeandthenadoctor.Ithasalwaysbeenmydreamtobeasuccessfulscientist.MoneyisnoproblemtomeasmyparentsarequiterichandtheywillcertainlyhelpmewhenIneedmoneytogetmarried.二、问题解决型模块模块一：Topic:Itisestimatedthat.Thisisaseriousissuewhich.Thefollowingmayhelpcontrolorpreventcheating.First,.Bothteachersandstudentsshould.Studentsshouldbefamiliarwiththeproverb,“Honestyisthebestpolicy.”Themosteffectivewaytopreventcheatingis.Second,.Third,studentsshould.Theyshouldalsorealizethat.Weshould.范文:MySolutiontoCheatinginExamsItisestimatedthatstudentsonmost,ifnotall,campusescheatontheircoursesandtests.Thisisaseriousissuewhichisaffectingallaspectsofeducation.Thefollowinghecontrolcheating.mayhelpcontrolorpreventcheatingFirst,Firststudentsshouldbemadeawarethatgoodscorescomefromdiligenceratherthandishonestmeanswhileitisashametocheatinexams.Bothteachersandstudentsshouldcaremoreaboutthestudents’moraldevelopment.Studentsshouldbefamiliar

20withtheproverb,“Honestyisthebestpolicy.”Themosteffectivewaytopreventcheatingistopromoteacademicintegrity,whileatthesametimeeffectivelyconfrontingthosewhodocheat.Second,Secondregulationsorrulesshouldbeestablishedthatthosewhoarediscoveredcheatinginexamsmustbepunishedseverely,namely,expelledfromtheschooloruniversity.Third,studentsshouldbestrictwiththemselves.Theyshouldrealizedwhatcheatingwillresultin.Theyshouldalsorealizethatcheatingisharmfultosocietyaswellastothatheythemselvesinthelongrun.Weshouldhelpthemunderstandthateffectivelearningdependsonhonesty,respect,rigor,andfairness.模块二：Topic:Topreparearesumeisthefirstthingyouhavetodofora.Weknowthat.Butaboveall,.Thebestthingyoucandotomakehimimpressedwithyourresumeis,soasto.Yourresumeshouldbe,because.Secondly,...Finally,.Keepinmindthat.Thiswill.Followtheadviceabove,andthejobisyours.范文:HowtoPrepareforaJobInterviewTopreparearesumeisthefirstthingyouhavetodoforajobinterview.Weknowthattherearesometechniquesinwritingaresume,butaboveallyourresumeshouldbeclearall,andtothepoint.Keepinmindthatthepersonwhoreadsyourresumeprobablyalsoreadsmanyothers.Thebestthingyoucandotomakehimimpressedwithyourresumeistoproperlyemphasizetheexperienceyouhavehadrelatedtojobyouarehunting,soastomakehimbelievethatyouarethebestoneforthevacancy.Yourresumeshouldbeinneathandwriting,or,ourifpossible,betypedout,becausearesumemightbeuselessifitisdifficulttoread.Secondly,Secondlyspecialattentionshouldbepaidtohowyoudressyourselffortheinterview.Youarenotexpectedtobedresseduplikegoingtoaparty,though.Youarealsonottobe“underdressed”.Getyourhairtrimmedbeforetheinterview.Alwaysrememberthatneatnesscounts.Finally,Finallyyourmannerduringtheinterviewisequallyimportant.Keepinmindthatemployersdonotliketheintervieweestobetoocasual,likesmokingorchewinggum.Thiswillmakethemdoubtyourseriousnessabouttheinterview.definitely.Followtheadviceabove,andthejobisyoursdefinitely模块三:Topic:Nowadayswehaveheardtoomuchabout.Incurrentsociety,,thus.Undoubtedly,.Weshouldcalloneverypersonto.First,weshould.Second,.,ifpossible,.Third,.范文:HowtoEliminateFakeDiplomassociety,Nowadayswehaveheardtoomuchaboutfakediplomasonandoffcampus.Incurrentsocietyemployersputtoomuchemphasisondiplomas,thusthosewhohavebeendreamingofgainingfavorableworkingopportunitytakerisktobuyfakeonesevenathighprices.UndoubtedlyUndoubtedly,fakediplomasareextremelyharmfultooursocietyinthattheydeprivethejobmarketoffairness.First,Weshouldcalloneverypersontobattlethisnotoriousphenomenon.Firstweshouldpunishtheproducer,thesellerandthebuyerofthefake

21diplomaasseverelyaswecan.Byputtingthemincourtandprosecutingthem,wecandeterotherpeoplefromfollowingtheirsteps.SecondtheemployersshouldemploymorescientificandreasonablerecruitingmethodsSecond,totaketheplaceoftheoldapproachwhichonlyattachedimportancetodiplomasandcertificates.Spontaneousall-aroundabilitytests,ifpossibleshouldbemoreoftenpossible,adoptedalongwithperson-to-personinterviews.Thirdtheeducators,withthehelpfromThird,allsides,shouldtrytheirbesttoeducatecommonstudentstobeuprightandhardworking.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords—ifauthorityandpredecessorscanprovehonestyanddiligencewillleadtosuccessandaccomplishment,noyoungmanwilleverbuyfakediplomasagain.模块四：Topic:Withthefastdevelopmentofsocialeconomy,,whichcauses.Ifweeverwanttosolvethisproblem,.Ontheonehand,sothat.Through.Ontheotherhand,.Allinall,onlywhen,canwe.范文:HowtoSolvetheHousingProbleminBigCitieseconomy,Withthefastdevelopmentofsocialeconomymoreandmorepeoplefloodintobigcities,problem,whichcausesserioushousingproblems.Ifweeverwanttosolvethisproblemthecarefulplanningofthegovernmentandthecooperationofallthecitizensarebothneeded.hand,Ontheonehandthegovernmentshouldhaveanoverallplanofurbandevelopmentsothatthereasonableandscientificdispositionofeveryinchoflandisathand,throughturningthebackwardareasintoadvancedthemecommunities,wecansignificantlyelevatethepotentialvalueofourland.Ontheotherhandthecitizensshouldmakegreateffortstohand,cooperatewiththegovernmentbymovingaccordingtotheoverallplanning,raisingconstructivesuggestionsortakingpartintheactualconstruction.all,Allinallonlywhenthegovernmentandthecitizensjointheirhandsintheefforts,canwehopetosolvethehousingproblemsatisfactorily.模块五：Topic:Mostpeoplehaverealizedthat,butthey.Thereasonwhy.First,Second,.Third,.Consequentlyitisimportantthat.Firstofall,.Inthesecondplace,.Lastbutbynomeansleast,.Itisbeyonddoubtthat.Nevertheless,,Ifirmlybelieveif,canwe.范文:HowtoDealwithPovertyMostpeoplehaverealizedthatpovertyhaslongbeenaserioussocialproblem,buttheyaredividedonwhetheritcaneverbeeliminated.First,Thereasonswhysuchphenomenonarisesarethreefold.Firstthedistributionmechanismofournationhassomeinnatedrawbacks.SecondthegapofeconomicdevelopmentbetweenSecond,urbanandruralareasistoohugetobebridgedinashortperiod.ThirdthepresentThird,educationalsystemisfarfromsatisfactory:manychildrenthroughoutthecountrycan’treceivenine-yearcompulsoryeducation.Consequentlyitisimportantthatwetakethreemeasurestosolvethisproblem.Firstall,ofallthegovernmentshouldconstantlyimprovethedistributionmechanism,makingitnotonlytransparent

22butalsoreasonable.Inthesecondplaceduringeconomicdevelopment,moreplace,emphasisshouldbeputontherelativelybackwardareas.Lastbutbynomeansleastallleast,peopleshouldmakegreateffortstosignificantlyimproveoureducationallevel—ifwecanquicklyincreasetheliteracyrateofournation,theoverallsituationofpovertywillfundamentallychange.Nevertheless,Itisbeyonddoubtthatpovertyisaseriousproblemtoanycountriesatanytime.Neverthelessinsuchanationaswhichwehave,Ifirmlybelieveifallofusshouldertheresponsibility,firmlycanwedealwiththepovertysuccessfully.三、观点论证型模块模块一：Topic:Recentlytherehavebeenmanyreportsof.Itturnsanewpageof.Thebiggestbenefit,inmyeye,isthat.Inaddition,.Finally,.Apartthebenefitsmentionedabove,weshouldalso.Inthefirstplace,.Inthesecondplace,.What’sthemostimportant,.Onlywhencanwe.范文：MyViewonAmalgamationofUniversitiesRecentlytherehavebeenmanyreportsofamalgamationofuniversities.ItturnsanewpageofadvancededucationinChina,andwillhavefar-reachingeffectsintheforthcomingyears.biggestThebiggestbenefit,inmyeye,isthatthemergingisoftenresultsinacomprehensiveuniversitywithincreasedoverallstrength.Totakepartininternationalcompetitions,weneedmoreuniversitiesofthiskind.Inadditiontheintegrationofstaffmemberswilladdition,significantlyimprovethequalityofbothteachingandresearch.FinallyreorganizationFinally,willoptimizethedispositionoflimitedresources,whichisthesymbolofsuccessfuleducationalreform.Apartfromthebenefitsmentionedabove,weshouldalsofaceseveralunavoidablechallenges.Inthefirstplacetheintegrationprocessitselfwillbedifficultevenplace,painful—manypeoplemayneedtosacrificetheirowninterestsforthewholeuniversity.place,Inthesecondplacethemanagementofsuchbiguniversitiesisnoteasyatall.What’simportant,themostimportantthemostsuccessfuluniversityisnotnecessarilythelargestoneortheonewithmoststudents—theskyliesintheuniquespiritoftheuniversity.Onlywhenwedealwiththeseproblemssuccessfullycanwebenefitthemostformuniversityamalgamation.模块二：Topic:Inrecentyears,collegestudentsareallowedto..Inmymind,.Foronething,.Foranother,.Inaddition,.Weareveryhappyto.Judgingfromwhatwehavediscussedabove,.范文：MyviewonCollegeStudents’JoiningtheArmyInrecentyears,collegestudentsareallowedtojointhearmyduringtheiracademicyears.Aftertwoyearsofmilitaryservicetheycanreturntotheiroriginaluniversities.mind,thing,InmymindIwelcomethispracticewithapplause.Foronethingthestricttrainingwillbeinvaluabletoayoungman,makinghimstrongerbothinbodyandinmind.Foranotheranother,therecruitmentofcollegestudentswillhelpimprovethequalityofPLAsoldiersasawhole,becausetheyprocessprofessionalknowledgeandskills.Inadditionitisalsoacrucialaddition,movetohelpstudents

23bemorepatrioticandresponsible,linkingpersonalfortunewiththefutureofourmotherland.Weareveryhappytoseethesmoothimplementationofthisnewpolicy.Judgingfromwhatwehavediscussedabove,wehaveeveryreasontolookforwardtomoresuchpolicieswhicharebothbeneficialtoindividualsandthewholenation.模块三：Topic:“AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.”Thisishowtheoldsayinggoes.Unfortunately,.Iagreewiththem.First,...Secondly,...Thirdly,.Wehaveto.Weshould.Thiswillhelp.Onlyifshallwe.范文：WeNeedtoPlay“AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.”Thisishowtheoldsayinggoes.Unfortunately,fewparentsandteachersreallyunderstandandagreewiththis.Theywantustoworkallthetimebutnottoplay.Idisagreewiththem.First,FirstIthinkhumanbeingsaredifferentfrommachines.Wearelivingcreatureswithsoulsandfeelings.Wecan’tworkallthetimewithoutanyformofrecreation.Weneedtoplayandamuseourselvesinordertohaveafulllife.econdly,Secondlyalthoughworkingisgoodforusasithelpstrainourmindsandbodies,thereshouldbealimit.Toomuchworkwilluseupallourenergyandmakeustired.Ourmindsneedrelaxationinordertoworkefficiently.Thirdly,Thirdlypeopledonotliveonlytowork.Wehavetoconsiderourselvesaswholepeople.Weshoulddevelopourotherabilitiesbytakingpartinsports,musicorpainting.Weshouldenjoylifeanddothingswhichwefindinteresting.Thiswillhelpmakeusmoreintelligent.Onlyifourlivesarewellroundedshallwebeabletolearnmoreandworkbetter.模块四：Topic:Asweallknow,.Buthow?Ilike.Atthebeginningof,Ispendalotoftimein..Why?.Atlast,.Fromthenon,.Inmysparetime,.Itrymybestto.Ofcourse.ReadingisanimportantstepinlearningEnglishwell..WhenIamfree,.Although,.Inthisway,.Themore,themore.Themore,themore.Recently,.Though,.IamsureIwill.范文：HowILearnEnglish?know,AsweallknowEnglishisthemostwidelyusedlanguageintheworld.ItisimportantforustostudyEnglishwell.Buthow?IlikeEnglishaswellasmathematicsandphysics.Atthebeginningofmystudy,IspendalotoftimeinmemorizingthegrammaticalrulesofEnglish.Iwasn’tinterestedinlisteningandspeaking.ManytimesthemarksIgotinEnglishexamswerenotasgoodasthoseinmymathematicstests.Why?Ithoughtitoverandover.Atlast,Idrewaconclusion:Imushchangemymethodofstudy.on,time,FromthenonIhavebeguntopayattentiontolisteningpractice.InmysparetimeIoftenlistentoEnglishnews,suchasCRI,BBC,VOA,ect.ItrymybesttograspthemainideaofwhatIhaveheard.Ofcoursemoreattentionispaidtothepronunciationandcourse,intonation.well.ReadingisanimportantstepinlearningEnglishwellIreadtextbooksandotherreadingstmaterials.WhenIamfreeIoftenreadEnglishmagazinesandnewspapers,including21free,Century,ChinaDaily,theWorldofEnglish,andsoon.Althoughthereare

24lotsofnewwords,IoftengothroughwhatIreadwithoutpayingmuchattentiontothenewwordsordifficultsentences.InthiswayIhaveimprovedmyreadingcomprehension.HowgladIam!Themoreway,Iread,themoreIunderstand;themoreIunderstand,themoreIlikereading.Recently,RecentlyIhavebeenalsotryingtowrite.ThoughIoftenmakemistakes,Iamnotdiscouraged.IamdeterminedtostudyEnglishwell.IamsureIwillknowitwellinthefuture.模块五：Topic:Therearemanyadvantagesforcollegestudentsto.Firstly,.Secondly,.Thirdly,.Finally,.However,.Forexample,.Foranotherexample,.,asaresult,.Inmyopinion,.Although.范文：PartIsItGoodforCollegeStudentstoHavePart-timeJobs?Therearemanyadvantagesforcollegestudentstotakepart-timejobswhiletheyareatcollege.Firstlypart-timejobswillofferusstudentsachancetodemonstrateourabilityFirstly,andtoapplywhatwehavelearnedatcollege.Secondlypart-timejobshelpusbecomemoreSecondly,independentofourfamilies.Thirdlytheexperiencewegainthroughpart-timejobsmaybeThirdly,ofgreathelptoourfuturecareer.Finallypart-timejobscanbroadenourhorizonofmindFinally,andmakeourlifemoremeaningful.example,However,apart-timehassomedisadvantages.Forexamplewemaylosetimeneededforsleep,rest,study,clubactivitiesandkindsofrecreation.Foranotherexampleifwetakeexample,part-timejobs,itislikelyforustobesointerestedintheworkthatwecannotpaymoreattentiontoourstudy,asaresult,wemayfailinourschoolstudy,whichwillaffectourfuturecareertoo.opinion,Inmyopinionasastudentweshouldholdtherightattitudetowardsthepart-timejob,foracquiringknowledge,especiallymorebookknowledge,isourfirstimportanttask.Althoughpart-timejobcandoussomegoodinsomeaspects,weshouldpaymoreattentiontoschoolstudythanonit.四．现象解释型模板模板一Topic:Topic:Recently,.Whatamazesusmostis.Itistruethat.Therearemanyreasonsexplaining.Themainreasonis.Whatismore,.Thirdly,.Asaresult,.Consideringallthese,.Foronething,.Foranother,.Inconclusion,.范文一Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:ItPaystoBeHonestYoushouldwriteatleast120words,andHonest.baseyourcompositionontheoutlinegiveninnChinesebelow:1．当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象。2．诚实利人利己，做人应该诚实。ItPaystoBeHonestRecently,weoftenhearcomplaintsaboutdishonesty.Whatamazesusmostisstudents’dishonestyinexams.Itistruethatcheatinganddishonestpracticesareineverywalkofourlives.Therearemanyreasonsexplainingthesedishonestbehaviors.Themainreasonisthatmostpeopleneglectthemoralvaluesinpursueoftheirmaterialbenefits.Whatismore,welackeffectivelawsandregulationsofsupervision.Thirdly,mostdishonestpeoplecanescapethepunishment.Asaresult,theproblemofdishonestybecomesveryserious.Consideringallthese,Istillwanttoarguethatitpaystobehonestin

25thelongrun.Foronething,honestyisatraditionalvirtueofChinese.Foranother,evendishonestpeoplelikemakingfriendswithhonestpeople.Inconclusion,peopleseldomdenythatitpaystobehonest.模板二Topic:Nowadays,itiscommontoseethat.Manypeoplebelievethatbecause.Therearemanyreasonwhy.Tobeginwith.Anotherreasonis.Perhapsthemostimportantreasonis.Asaresult,.Therefore,inmyopinion,.Foronething.Foranother,.Inbrief,.范文二Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:CollegeStudents’Job-hunting.Youshouldwriteatleast120JobwordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow.1．来越多的毕业生体会到了找工作的压力；2．学生就业难的原因；3．我的看法。JobCollegeStudents’Job-huntingNowadays,itiscommontoseethatcollegestudents’employmenthasbecomeahottopicinChina.Manypeoplebelievethatabout15percentofcollegegraduatescannotfindtherightjobinthefirstyearbecausetheemploymentsituationisnolongerasoptimisticasbefore.Therearemanyreasonswhycollegestudentshaveahugeunemploymentpressure.Tobeginwiththesupplyofgraduatesismuchmorethanthedemandwith,inthemarket.What’smore,theeconomydevelopmentinrecentyearsisnotasfastasbefore.Perhapsthemostimportantreasonisthatmanygraduateshavetoohighexpectations.Asaresultmanygraduateswillsayathomewaitingresult,opportunities.Therefore,Therefore,inmyopinion,manymeasuresmustbetakentocopewiththisproblem.Foronething,theemploymentcentershouldplayavitalrole.Foranother,thestudentsshouldimprovethemselvesactively.Inbrief,itcallsforthejointeffortsofthesocietytohelpgraduates.模板三Topic:Nowadays.Foronething,.Foranother,.Itisobviousthat.Manyremarkablefactorscontributeto.Firstofall,.Inaddition,.Thirdly,.Astome,.Asweknow,.Besides,.Inaword,.范文三Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:OnStress.Youshouldwriteatleast120words,andbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinegiveninnChinesebelow:1．现代社会压力越来越大。2．压力产生的原因。OnStressNowadays,stresshasgraduallybecomeanaturalpartofoureverydaylifeinmodernsociety.Foronething,manypeoplefindithardtorelaxafterworktime.thing,Foranother,manypeoplebecomeillbecauseofalong-termstress.Itisobviousthatweshouldlearnaboutthereasonsofstress.Manyremarkablefactorscontributetotheupwardstressindexofcityresidents.Firstofall,thecompetitionfromjobscausesgreatestpressureonemployees.Inaddition,uncertaintyaboutthefuturemakesthesituationevenworse.Thirdly,caraccidents,alcoholismandothertroublesmayalsobringaboutstress.me,Astome,Ibelievethatthestressindexmayimprovefurther.Asweknow,.socialcompetitionwillbemoreintensive.Besides,peoplewillhavetospend.muchmoretimeonworkandstudy.Inaword,peopleshouldlearnhowtocopewiththesepressuresproperly.

26模板四Topic:Topic:Nowadays,therearealotof.Therearemanyreasonsforthissocialphenomenon,butingeneral,theycomedowntomajorones.Foronething,.Foranother,.Perhapstheprimereasonisthat.causemanyharmtosociety.Generally,theharmcanbelistedasfollows.First,.Besides,.Worstofall,.范文四Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionaboutHarmfulnessofFakeCommoditiesinthreeparagraphs.Yourpartofthecompositionshouldbenolessthan120words,andyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutline.Remembertowriteclearly.1．当前社会上有不少伪劣产品，为什么会有这种现象；2．举例说明伪劣产品对消费者个人、社会的危害。HarmfulnessofFakeCommoditiesNowadays,therearealotoffakecommoditiesonthemarket.Therearemanyreasonsforthissocialphenomenon,butingeneral,theycomedowntothreemajorones.thing,Foronethingproducerscanprofitalotbymakingfakecommoditiesbecausethecostofproducingfakecommoditiesismuchlower.Foranother,businessmencanalsoprofitalotbysellingfakecommodities.Perhapstheprimereasonisthatourlegalsystemisnotsoundandthepunishmentonliberalproducersandbusinessmenisnotsevere.Fakecommoditiescausemanyharmtosociety.Generally,theharmcanbelistedasfollows.First,fakecommoditiesdamagetheconsumers’interests.Besides,theyalsoharmthecreditofbusinessesbecausetheshopswhichsellgenuinecommoditieswillalsobedistrustedbyconsumers.Worstofall,theywillbringaboutpotentialdangersbecausefakecommoditiesofinferiorqualitywillcauseaccidentsandendangerconsumers’lives.模板五Topic:Topic:Inrecentyearstherehasbeenanexperiencedgrowingtendencyin.Forthat,Ithinkitisnotanoccasionalphenomenon.Anumberoffactorsmightcontributeto(accountfor)thephenomenon.Partoftheexplanationsforitisthat.Anothercontributingcauseis,.Perhapstheprimaryfactoristhat.Iamsurethat.Because.范文五Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionaboutTheLearningoftheChineseLanguageinthreeparagraphs.Yourpartofthecompositionshouldbenolessthan120words,andyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutline.Remembertowriteclearly.1．近年来,国际上出现了学汉语热;2．汉语热的原因;3．你的看法.TheLearningoftheChineseLanguageInrecentyears,therehasbeenanexperiencedgrowingtendencyinforeigners’learningofChineselanguage.Forthat,Ithinkitisnotanoccasionalphenomenon.for)phenomenon.Anumberoffactorsmightcontributeto(accountfor)thephenomenon.PartoftheexplanationforitisthatChina’sancientculturehasattractedmanypeopleintheworld.Tounderstandandstudythisculture,onemustlearntheChineselanguage.AnothercontributingcauseistheimplementofChina’seconomicreformanditsopenpolicyhasincreasedSino-foreigneconomicandculturalexchanges.PerhapstheprimaryfactoristhattheChineselanguageitselfhassomecharminitswordsandpronunciation:thepicturesqueChinesecharacters

27arouseinsomeforeignersasenseofbeautyandareconsideredattractive.IamsurethattheChineselanguagewillbecomeamoreimportantlanguageinsttheworldinthe21century.BecauseChinawillopenfurthertotheoutsideworld,itslanguageissuretospreadmorewidelyintheworld.五．图表类模板模板一Topic:Ascanbeseenfromthetable,greatchangeshavetakenplacein.While.Therearemainreasonsforthechangesin.First,.Second,.Third,.Andfinally,.So.Fromtheabove,wearegladtoseethat.Butontheotherhand,If.Inmyopinion,.范文一ChangesinPeople’sDietinChinaDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionaboutChangesinPeople’sDietinChinainthreeparagraphs.Yourpartofcompositionshouldbenolessthan100words,notincludingthewordsgiven.Remembertowriteclearly.YoushouldwritethiscompositionontheCompositionSheet.1．Statethechangesinpeople’sdietinthepastfiveyears.2．Givepossiblereasonsforthechanges.3．Drawyourownconclusion.Youshouldquoteasfewfiguresaspossible1986GrainMilkMeatFruitandvegetableTotal49%10%17%24%100%198747%11%20%22%100%198846.5%11%22.5%20%100%198945%12%23%20%100%199045%13%21%21%%100%Ascanbeseenfromthetable,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinpeople’sdietovertheperiodfrom1986to1990.Theconsumptionofgrainisdecreasingyearbyyear,whilethatofsomehigh–energyfood,suchasmilkandmeat,isincreasingsteadily.Therearetwomainreasonsforthechangesinpeople’sdiet.First,economyhasdevelopedveryfastrecently.Todaypeoplearewellpaidandhaveearnedmoremoney,thustheycanaffordtobuymoreexpensivefoodwithbetternutrition.Second,nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplerealizethatdietisveryimportanttotheirhealthy.Sotheytrytoimprovethestructureoftheirfood.Fromtheabove,weareverygladtoseethatthelivingstandardsofourpeoplearebeingimproved.Butontheotherhand,ifpeopleeattoomuchrichfood,someproblemswillarise.Inmyopinion,theyshouldkeepbalanceintheirdiet.Theyshouldnotonlyconsumealotofmeatandmilkbutalsoenoughgrain,fruitandvegetables.模板二Topic:Thetableshowsus.Ascanbefromthetableabove,.while.Moreover,.Onthecontrary,.Fromabovecomparisonandcontrast,wecanseeclearlythat.范文二TheBestValueCarDirections:Inyouropinion,youshouldcompareandcontrastandmakeachoice.TheBestValueCarMakePriceEngineSizeM.p.g.CountryToyotaVolkswagenFordNissan$5,200$6,000$4,900$5,200JapanGermanyUSAJapan999cc1272cc1118cc988cc48404852Note:m.p.g.=milespergallonThetableshowsusthesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenfourmodelcarsinprice,enginesizeandthepetrolconsumption.Ascanbeseenfromthetableabove,Toyotacosts$5,200with999ccenginesizewhileFordisonly$4,900with1118ccenginesize.ThoughToyotaandNissanhavethesameprice,Toyotaislargerinenginesizebutconsumeslesspetrol.Volkswagenisthe

28largestinenginesize1272ccbutitisthelargestinpetrolconsumption40milespergallon.Moreover,itisthemostexpensiveofthefourmodelcars.Onthecontrary,Fordisthecheapestofthefourcars,butitsenginesizeisjustnexttoVolkswagen’s.Fromabovecomparisonandcontrast,wecanseeclearlythatFordisthebestvaluecarforpeopletobuy.模板三Topic:Asisknowntoall,.Peopleseemtogetaccustomedto.Infact,.Thereasonsoflieinseveralaspects.Firstly,.Secondly,.Thirdly,.Finally,.Asamatteroffact,.Ontheonehand,.Ontheotherhand,.Therefore,.范文三Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:StudentUseofComputers.Youshouldwriteatleast120words,andbaseyourcompositiononthechartandtheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow:hours25201510501990年1995年2000年hoursAveragenumberofhoursastudentspendsoncomputerperweek.1．上图所示为1990年，1995年，2000年某校大学生使用计算机的情况，请描述其变化；2．说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途，价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）；3．你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难和问题。StudentUseofComputersAsisknowntoall,theaveragehoursastudentspendusingcomputersgrowuptoapproximately20hoursperweekin2000.Peopleseemtogetaccustomedtostudents’usingcomputers.Infacttherehasbeenatremendousgrowthinstudentfact,useofcomputerssince1990.Thereasonsofthisgrowthlieinseveralaspects.Firstly,computersarewidelyusedbystudentsinstudy.Secondlythepriceofcomputerisdroppingrapidly.Secondly,Thirdly,Finally,Thirdly,thechargeforusingInternetisdroppingaswell.Finallytoday’ssocietyreliesheavilyoncomputers.Asamatteroffact,manystudentsdon’tusecomputersproperly.Ontheonehand,handthecomputerisoftenusedasatypewriter.Ontheotherhand,asmallgroupofstudentsgetinvolvedinmanycomputercrimes.Therefore,thereisstillalottodotohelpstudentsmakebetteruseofcomputers.模板四Topic:Nowadays,moreandmore.Fromthechart,wecanbeseeneasilythat.Itistruethat.Severalcausesleadto(accountfor)theproblem.Oneofthecommonfactorsisthat.Anothercontributingfactoris.Thirdly,.Finally,.Consideringallthis,.Ontheonehand,.Ontheotherhand,.Obviously,.Therefore,moreworkshouldbedoneto.范文四Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:TheProblemofPiracy.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositiononthechartandtheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow:正版图书盗版图书正版磁正版光盗版磁盘带带盗版光盘1.盗版现象(PiracyPiracy)日益严重；Piracy

292.为什么在我国会有这么多的盗版事件发生？3.我的看法。TheProblemofPiracyNowadays,moreandmorepeopleseethephenomenonthatpiracyhasbecomeahotpointunderdiscussion.Fromthechart,wecanbeseeneasilythamanypiratedthatproductsareonmarketnow.ItistruethatpiracyisstillaseriousprobleminChina.Severalcausesleadtotheproblem:thepiracyinChina.Oneofthecommonfactorsisthatpiratesmaygetprofitsthroughtheirillegalactivities.Anothercontributingfactoristhatwelackaperfectsupervisingsystemtocopewiththeproblem.Thirdlypeoplemayfindgreatdifficultiesinspottingpirates.Finally,Thirdlyirdly,manypeoplefindnoeffectivemethodstodealwiththeproblem.Consideringallthis,piracywillexistforalongperiodinChina.Ontheonehand,mostcommonpeoplestillwanttobuycheappiratedproducts.Ontheotherhand,oneffectivewayshavebeenfoundtopreventpiracybynow.Obviously,piracywillnotdisappearinashortperiod.Therefore,moreworkshouldbedonetodealsuccessfullywiththisseriousproblem.模板五Topic:Withtheof,.Soitisofgreatimportanceforusto.Ontheonehand,ontheotherhand,.However,wehavefiguredoutmanywaysto.Firstly,.Solongas.Secondly,.Thirdly,.Infact,.Thatisbecause.Inaword,.Pollution17%6%3%0%14%Heating0%60%IndustryWastedisposalPowerPlantsCars范文五Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicPollutionFromCars.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositiononthepictureandtheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow:汽车是城市中空气污染的最主要原因；我们对此应当采取的措施有PollutionFromCarsWiththeimprovementofpeople’slivingstandardsinrecentyears,manyapeoplecanaffordacar.Soitisofgreatimportanceforustopaymoreattentiontothepollutionfromthecars.Ontheonehand,carsmaycausevariouspollutionsintheair.Ontheotherhand,byfar60%oftheairpollutionincitiesisfromcars.However,wehavefiguredoutmanywaystoreducethepollutionfromcars.Firstly,non-pollutionfuelforcarscanbeused.Solongaswecanprovidecheapnon-pollutionfuels,thepollutionwillbeless.Secondly,peoplemayusecarsaslessaspossible.Thirdly,scientistsareconductingresearchtoperfecttheengine.Infact,ourcitywillbecleanerinfuture.Thatisbecausewehaveinvestedmuchinpollutioncontrol.Inaword,everyonemusttakehisresponsibilitytoeliminatetheairpollution.六．应用文模板1．批评、抱怨、投诉信模板Date:Dear:Mynameis.Iam.Iventuretowriteyoualetterabout.Thefocusofthecomplaintis.Foronething,.Foranother,.Honestlyspeaking,.But.Besides,.Allinall,thereisstillmuchroomforimprovement.Idohope.Thankyouforyourtimeandkindconsideration.Sincerelyyours,Signature:范文Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:ALettertotheUniversityPresidentabouttheCanteenServiceonCampus.Youshouldwriteatleast100wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow:假如你是李华，请你就本校食堂的状况给校长写一封信，内容应涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等，可以是表扬，可以是批评建议，也可以兼而有之。LettertotheUniversityPresidentabouttheCanteenServiceonCampusJan.12th,2002DearMr.President,MynameisLiHua.Iamajuniorstudentoftheforeignlanguageschool.

30Iventuretowriteyoualetteraboutthecanteenserviceoncampus.Thefocusofthecomplaintisthepoorqualityofthefood.Foronething,thericeistoohard,thesteambreadtoocold,vegetablesovercooked.Foranother,thepricesofthefoodsaresurprisinglyhigh,andmanyofusgoouttohavemeals.Honestlyspeaking,thediningenvironmenthasbeenimproved.Buttherearenotenoughseats.Besides,theattitudeofthecanteenstaffisnothospitableatall.Allinall,therearestillmuchroomforimprovement.Idohopewewillnotsufferforanotheryear.Thankyouforyourtimeandkindconsideration.Sincerelyyours,LiHua2．建议信模板Date:Dear:Iamdelightedtolearnthat.Severalyearshaspassedsince.Inmyopinion,.Ontheonehand,.Ontheotherhand,.Asto,Isuggest.If.Itisnotnecessaryforyouto.Inaddition,.Iamsure,.Pleaseinformme.Iamlookingforwardtoseeingyousoon.Sincerelyyours,Signature:范文Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowritealetter.SupposeyouareZhangLing.WritealetterXiaoWang,aschoolmateofyourswhoisgoingtovisityouduringtheweek-longholiday.Youshouldwriteatleast100wordsaccordingtothesuggestionsgivenbelowinChinese.表示欢迎；提出对度假安排的建议；提醒应注意的事项。ALettertoaSchoolmateJun.6th,2003DearXiaoWang,Iamdelightedtolearnthatyouwillcometoseeme.Severalyearshaspassedsincewedepartedlasttime,andIamlookingforwardtoyourvisit.Inmyopinion,Nanjingisyourbestchoiceduringthisholiday.Ontheonehand,therearemanyplacesofinterestinNanjing.Ontheotherhand,therearemanyartisticperformanceshere.Astothefamoussites,IsuggestyoushouldvisittheConfuciusTempleandDr.SunYetsen’sMausoleum.Ifyouareinterestedintheparks,theXuanwuLakeParkwillbeyourbestchoice.Itisnotnecessaryforyoutobringanythingexceptyourclothing.Inaddition,youaresuretobeverycheerfulwithyourbelongingsintravel!IamsureyouwillenjoyyourvisitinNanjing.Pleaseinformmeonceyoumakeyourdecision.Iamlookingforwardtoseeingyousoon.Sincerelyyours,ZhangLing3．祝贺信模板Dear,LetmeCongratulationuponyour.Iwasdelightedtohearthenews.IamsurethatIknow,andit’sanachievementyoucanwelltakepridein.Iwish.Goodluckwith.SincerelyyoursSignature:范文Directions:Writeacongratulationletteraccordingtothefollowingsituation:Yourfriend,LinXing,hasjustgraduatefromcollegeandisabouttofindajob.Writealetterexpressingyourcongratulations.DearLinXing,LetmecongratulationonyourgraduationfromYunnanUniversitywithhighhonors.Iwasdelightedtohearthenews.Iamsurethatyourparentsmustbeveryproudofyou.Iknowyouareworkinghardallthetime,andit’sanachievementyoucanwelltakepridein.Iwishyousuccessinallyourundertakingsandhopeyouwillfindyourcareerasourceofgreatjoyandhappiness.Goodluckwiththejibsearch.Sincerelyyours,Signature:4．求职信模板Date:DearIlearnfromthatthereisavacancyfor.Iwishto.Iam__yearsold.IstudymajorinUniversity.Ihaveworked.Iwouldbegreatlygratefulifyouwouldgrantmeachanceforaninterview.Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply!Respectfullyyours,Signature:范文Feb.21st2oo4DearSirs,IlearnfromthenewspaperthatthereisavacancyforateacherofEnglishduringthesummervocation.Iwishtobeconsidered

31asanapplicantforthepositionandbegtostatemyqualificationsasfollows:Iam20,sophomoreofDalianMaritimeUniversity,majoringinbusinessEnglish.Ihaveworkedpart-timeasateacherofEnglishfornearlytwoyears.Iwouldbegreatlygratefulifyouwouldgrantmeachanceforaninterview.Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply!Respectfullyyours,WuMing5．请假条和通知模板AskingforLeaveDate:Dear,Ibegtoapplyforleaveofabsencefromto,for.Tosupportmyapplication,Iherewillsubmit.Ishouldbeobligedifyouwillgrantmethisopportunity.Asregards.IwilltrymybesttomakethemupassoonasIcomebackfromleave.Yoursfaithfully,Signature:范文Jan.10th,2004DearMr.Li,Ibegtoapplyfortendays’leaveofabsencefromthe6thto16thinstant,forI’llreturntomyhometowntoseemyunclewhohasjustcomebackfromtheUnitedStates.Tosupportmyapplication,Iherewillsubmitafaxtotheeffectreceivedfrommyparents.Ishouldbeobligedifyouwillgrantmethisopportunity.Asregardsthelessonstobemissedduringmyabsence,IwilltrymybesttomakethemupassoonasIcomebackfromleave.Yoursfaithfully,ZhangXiaNotice模板Allthe(of,in,from)arerequiredtodosomethinginsomewhereatsometime.Pleasebeonpercentageofreemployment1008060402001990percentage199219941996199820002002timeanddon’tbeabsent.范文NoticeAllthestudentsinForeignLanguageDepartmentarerequiredtoattendareporton“ComputerAssistedLanguageLearning”inthedepartmentconferenceroomat2:30onFriday(April21).Pleasebeontimeanddon’tbeabsent.TheEnglishDepartmentOffice第五章：范文同学们在前面几章已经学习了作文的相关基础知识，现将要进入写作的另一个重要阶段动手练习。但如何运用这些基础知识和那些放之四海皆准的经典句子以及模块把自己的观点连成一篇好文章呢？古人云：多读胸中有本，多练笔下生花。可见在动手之前多读别人的一些优秀文章对自己大有裨益。本章将针对大学英语四级考试作文的特点、要求、命题、范围以及热点考点提供优秀范文若干篇以供大家参考和借鉴。一．图表作文范文Direction:Forthispartyouareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:theReemploymentRateofLaid-offWorkers.Youshouldwriteatleast120words.Andbaseyourcompositiononthechartandtheoutlinegivenbelow.（1）TheReemploymentRateofLaid-offWorkersItcanbediscernedthat,althoughtherewasaminordropin1996,thereemploymentratehasbeenonageneralincreaseinthelast10years.Ithasgoneupfromlessthan30%in1992toalmost90%in2001.Itisagreatprogressin10years.Therearemanyreasonsforkeepingtheraterising.Oneofthemisthatpeople’semploymentviewhasbeenchanged.Inthepast,onecouldstayathispositionuntilretirementageof55

32nomatterhelikeditornot.Withthechangedview,onecanchangethejobnowanddowhathewantstodo.Secondly,theeffectivesolventsofgovernmenthelppeoplefindjobsaftertheyleavetheirlastpositions.Theemploymentservicecentersexertgreateffortstoassistpeopletofindsuitablejobsbyrecommendingthemtonewpositions.某大学毕业生当年就业情况一览表100%80%60%40%20%0%1993年1994年1995年1996年1997年1998年系列1Finally,thesocialeconomicdevelopmentalsooffersmorejobopportunitiessopeoplecanhavemorechoicesthanbefore.Inmyopinion,itiscommonthatpeoplechangetheirjobs.Butfacingsomanyopportunities,everyoneshouldalwaysimprovehisknowledgeandskillssoastokeepupwiththesocialdevelopments（2）Direction:Forthispartyouareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:JuvenileDelinquency.Youshouldwriteatleast120words.Andbaseyourcompositiononthechartandtheoutlinegivenbelow.EMBEDExcel.Chart.8\s随着社会的发展，青少年犯罪成了一个突出的社会问题；青少年犯罪的原因是错综复杂的；我的看法。JuvenileDelinquencyRecently,JuvenileDelinquencyhasbecomeahotpointunderdiscussion.Whatamazesusmostisthattheformsofjuveniledelinquencyrangfromstealing,robbingtomurdering.Itistruethatthetrendofjuveniledelinquencyisontheriseinmanycountries.Therearemanyreasonsexplainingtheseadolescentcrimes.Themainreasonisthatchildrenarefrequentlyexposedtoshowsandreportsaboutcrimeandviolence.Whatismore,inchinamanychildrenarespoiledbecauseoftoomuchcare.Thirdly,childrenfaceamoretemptingworldthaneverbefore.Asaresult,today’schildrenarepronetocommitcrime.Consideringallthese,manymeasurescanbetakenforthisproblem.Foronething,properinstructionsshouldbeavailabletoyoungsters.Foranother,youngstersshouldlearntoberesponsibleforboththemselvesandothers.Inconclusion,thepreventionofjuveniledelinquencyrequireseveryone’seffort.(3)Direction:Forthispartyouareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:CollegestudentJobHunting.Youshouldwriteatleast120words.Andbaseyourcompositiononthechartandtheoutlinegivenbelow.越来越多的毕业生体会到了找工作的压力；大学生就业难的原因；我的看法。CollegeStudentJobHuntingRecently,collegestudents’employmenthasbecomeahottopicinChina.Whatamazesusmostisthatabout15%ofgraduatescannotfindtherightjobinthefirstyear.Itistruethattheemploymentsituationisnolongerasoptimisticasbefore.Therearemanyreasonsexplainingthehugeunemploymentpressureoncollegegraduates.Themainreasonisthatthesupplyofthegraduatesismuchmorethanthedemandinthemarket.Whatismore,theeconomydevelopmentinrecentyearsisnotasfastasbefore.Thirdly,manygraduateshavetoohighexpectations.Asaresult,manygraduateswillstayathomewaitingforopportunities.Consideringallthese,manymeasuresmustbetakentocopewiththisproblem.Foronething,theemploymentcentershouldplayavitalrole.Foranother,thestudents

33shouldimprovethemselvesactively.Inconclusion,itcallsforthejointeffortsofthesocietytohelpgraduates.二．观点类范文(4)MyViewonaBetterUnderstandingbetweenParentandChildNowadaysthereisoftenalackofunderstandingbetweenparentandchild.Parentsoftencomplainabouttheirchildren’s“unreasonablebehavior,whilechildrenusuallythinktheirparentstoo“oldfashioned.”Then,whenachildhasaproblem,heusuallygoestohisintimatefriendsforsympathyandadvice,leavinghisparentstotallyinthedark.Therearesomepossiblereasonsforthepresentsituation.First,thetwogenerations,havinggrownupatdifferenttimes,havedifferentlikesanddislikesforthethingsaroundthemandthushavelittleincommontotalkabout.Second,parentsandchildren,duetothemisunderstandingbetweenthem,mayevenfeelituncomfortabletositfacetofacewitheachothertalking.Finally,withthepaceofmodernlifebecomingfasterandfaster,bothparentandchildaretoobusytospareenoughtimetoexchangeideas,eveniftheyfinditnecessarytocommunicate.Asaresult,thegapbetweenthemisgrowingwiderandwider.Tobridgethisso-calledgenerationgap,inmyopinion,bothparentandchildshouldmakeaneffort.Thechildrenshouldrespecttheirseniors.Theoldergeneration,ontheotherhand,shouldshowsolicitudefortheyoung.Asfortheirdifferences,bothgenerationsshouldmakeallowanceforeachother.Iftheywilltakethefirststepbyactuallytalkingtooneanother,itwon’tbelongbeforethearrivalofabetterunderstandingbetweenparentandchild.(5)MyViewonComputerTodaymoreandmorecomputersareseenintheworld.Itisdifficulttofindaplacewithouttheimpactofthecomputer.Athome,intheoffices,computersarepresentedbeforeus.Innot,aword,whetheryoulikeitornotthecomputerpoursintoyourlife.Ingeneral,therearetwomainreasonsleadingtotheprevalenceofthecomputer.Withthethedevelopmentofeconomy,manypeoplehaverealizedtheimportantroleofthecomputer.Itcanmakeourjobdonemoreeasilyandfaster.Whatismoremanypeopleareinterestedinmore,thecomputerbecausethecancommunicatedirectlywithotherpeopleandwithinformationsourcesworldwidethroughit.AsfarasIamconcerned,Iaminfavorofthecomputerbecauseitcanmakeanyplacebecomealibrary,aschoolandanentertainmentcenter.Butthereisnodenyingthatsomepeoplearesoaddictedtothecomputerthattheymightneverbeexposedtosocialinteraction.Therefore,Ithinkitisreallyhightimethatweconsideredhowtocontrolit,sothatitwon’tcontrolus.(6)MyViewonmakingfriendsAsamodernperson,onecanhardlydowithoutafriend.Astheoldsayinggoes,nomanisanisland.Inotherwords,noonecansurvivewithoutthehelpandfriendshipofothers.Andeverysignpointstothefactthalifewillbecomesafer,happierandmoreinterestingthatifonehasfriendstosharehisexperienceswith.Infactlife’smainfunction--thefact,reproductionandrearingofchildren,dependsonone’sabilitytoformlonglastingandstablefriendshipswithhis/herclosestfriend–wifeorhusband.Howcouldapersonknowhehasgainedtruefriendship?Somepeople

34believetruefriendshipliesinsimilarinterestwhileothersthinkthatoppositesattractive–theideathattwopeoplewithoppositecharacteristicscaneasilybecomefriends.Whateverthecomment,truefriendshipmustbefirmlybasedontrustandunderstanding.Ifafriendshipcanstandthetestofadifficultexperienceandifonefeelsconfidentthat,nomatterwhat,hisfriendhashisinterestatheart,thenhecanbesurehehasfoundtruefriendship.principlesWithdifferentoutlooks,individualsmayhavedifferentprinciplesinmakingfriends.AsfarasIamconcerned,IwouldbecautioustochooseoneasafriendandstillcautiouslymakeasmanyasIcan.OnceIhavemadeafriend,Iwilltrusthim/hercompletely,talkoverthingswithhim/herregularly,keephis/herinterestsatheartallthetime,andgivemyfriendahandwheneverneeded.(7)Hope”MyViewonthe“ProjectHope”Educationisthekeytothemodernizationofourcountry.Theextenttowhichchildrenareeducatedisdirectlyofvitalimportancetotheimprovementofourcomprehensivenationalpower.However,insomepoverty-strickenruralareas,fewschool-agerscanaffordtogotoschoolbecauseoflackoffinancialsupport.ThereforetheCYDF(ChinaYouthDevelopmentTherefore,Foundation)isdeterminedtocarryonafinancialplantopreventthemfromquittingschool,whichiscalledProjectHope.TheProjectisofgreatnecessityAsweknowthechildrenarethehopeandfutureofnecessity.know,China.Theirbeingdeprivedofeducationwillnotonlyresultinlackofhumanresourcesinthosebackwardareasbutalsoholdbacktheeconomicdevelopmentoftheseareasandeventhewholecountry.Moreover,theChinesegovernmentisnotlikelytoprovidealargeamountofmoneyforthehundredsofthousandsofschooldropouts.ThereforetheProjectHopeisThereforefore,initiatedbyCYDFtoofferfinancialassistancefortheseyoungsters.MysuggestionsisthatmorepeoplefromallwalksoflifeshouldbeencouragedtofinancetheProjectwiththeirdeeperloveandstrongersenseofresponsibilityforthesechildren.AndIamsurethattheProjectHopehasbeenmeetingwithheartyandgenerousresponse.(8)MyViewonGoodHealthuniversal.ThedesireforgoodhealthisuniversalEspeciallynowadays,thepossessionofgoodhealthisregardedbynearlyeveryoneasessentialtoahappylifeaswellasasuccessfulone.Onlyingoodconditioncanyouexpecttolivecomfortablyorworkeffectively.Incontrast,withoutgoodhealth,ambitiousandpromisingasapersonmaybe,hewilleventuallyturnouttobeawreckageofmodernlife.First,Howtostayhealthy,then?Firstenoughtimeshouldbesetasideforperseveringinexercisesinadditiontosleepandrest.Secondyoumustgiveupthehabitthatdamagesyourhealth,Second,suchassmokinganddrinkingtoomuchalcohol.Finally,besuretohaveyourphysicalcheckupregularly.Wheneveryouarefoundtohaveanydisease,youshouldhaveittimelytreated.Asforme,Ihavealwaysbeentakingcaretohavepropersleepandrelaxation.Ihavealsobeenalerttoanydiscomfortinmybody.InmysparetimeIlikerunning,swimming,andplayingtabletennis.So,Icankeepfitandpursuemycareerwithgreatfacility.(9)Students’MyViewonStudents’Heavytask

35Nowadaysserious.Nowadaystheproblemofstudent’sheavytaskisevenmoreseriousWiththeincreaseoftheirtask,studentsoftenfallfarbehindtherequirementsAtthesametimehavingrequirements.time,notimetofindoutwhatisgoingonoutsidetheirownworld,theyfindtheheavytaskhasbecomeanobstacleonthepathofthedevelopmentofthem.Theproblemofstudent’sheavytaskisputunderextremestressmainlybecauseofthreeFirstly,reasons.Firstly,classesareprolongedatwill.Withexaminationscoming,classesareevenofferedonweekends.Secondlytheamountofhomeworkforstudents’isontherise,leavingSecondly,themsittinguplateintonightworkingonit.Statisticsshowthat,onaverage,primaryandmiddleschoolstudentsspendtwoandahalfhourperdaydoingtheirhomework.Finally,Finally,ittakesstudentsalottoomuchtimetogothroughallthosereferencematerials.Andthegreatamountofextrareadingsandassignmentsisalwaysaheavyburden,whichtiresthestudents.Asaresultschoolsbecomethetargetofpubliccriticism.result,Torelievestudentsofirrationalclassrequirements,reformineducationalsystemisindispensable.Firstofall,thefiercecompetitionbetweenschoolsshouldbeended.Andthen,reformontheenrollmentexaminationcriteriaaswellasreductionofthenumberofexaminationsisnecessary.Ifthereformcanbewellunderway,itwon’tbelongforstudentswon’togetaneasybreath.(10(10)MyViewonCollegeStudents'MakingSocialPracticeInrecentyears,collegestudentsareallowedtotakepartinallkindsofsocialpractice.nTheyeithervisitfactories,institutionsandvillagesorserveasvolunteerstohelpothers.applause。Inmymind,Iwelcomethispracticewithapplause。Foronething,byvisitingdifferentplaces,collegestudentscangetintouchwiththesocietyandmakepreparationsfortheirfuturecareer.Foranother,byhelpingtheunderprivilegedpeopleinthesocietycollegestudentscanbecomemoreconsiderateandresponsible.Inaddition,socialpracticeneedsstudentstobediligentbothmentallyandphysically,soitisgoodforstudents'health.Weareveryhappytoseethesmoothimplementationofthisnewpolicy.Judgingfromwhatwehavediscussedabove,wehaveeveryreasontolookforwardtomoresuchpoliciesbeneficialwhicharebothbeneficialtoindividualsandthewholenation.(11(11)MyViewonOpeningPsychologicalCoursesRecently,moreandmoreeducatorsandcommoncitizenssuggestthatuniversitiesandcollegesopenmorecourseswhicharehelpfulforstudents'psychologicalhealth.Personally,Ifullyagreewiththeirproposalforthefollowingreasons.hand,Ontheonehandtheever-increasingpressureofstudyatthemomentandjob-huntinginthefuturemayleadtomanypsychologicalproblemssuchasanxiety,depressionandevendespair,andthepsychologicalcoursesopenadoorforcommunicationandrelaxation.Ontheotherhand,suchcoursescanteachstudentshowtoregulatefeelingsandemotionsunderdifferentsituations,whichareagoodpreparationforthefuturelifeinthecomplexsocialnetwork.Finally,thesecoursesalsointroducegoodhabitswhichareconducivetomentalFinally,andpsychologicalhealth.Tobematureandqualifiedcitizensinthesociety,studentshavetodomorethanstudyhard.Inaword,Iwarmlywelcometheestablishmentofpsychologicalcoursesinuniversities.Inmymind,theyaregoodforstudents’psychologicaldevelopment.

36(12(12)MajorMyViewonMajor-hoppingPeople'sopinionsarealwaysdifferentoncetheytalkaboutmajor-hopping."Thosewhoneverchangetheirmajorthroughouttheirlifemaintainthattheyhavebeenlovingtheirmajorforyearsanddreamingofapplyingwhattheyhavelearnedtotheirfuturework,sowhat'sthepointinchangingtoanothermajor?Theyalsofirmlybelievethatanyonewhowantsfirmlytoexcelinhisspecialtyhastoworkhardinthesamefieldforyearstoacquiretherequiredskillandknowledge.Manypeoplethinkotherwise.Ontheonehand,iftheyarenotinterestedinorsatisfiedwiththeirmajoratcollege,theydecidetohaveachangewhentheypursuepostgraduatestudies.Ontheotherhandtheyarealsolikelytomakethetransitionbecausetheywanthand,tofindasatisfactoryjobinthefuture.fastMyownopinionisthatmajor-hopping,inthisfast-developinginformationera,hasbecomemorethancommonandacceptable.Ifwewanttokeeppacewiththetimes,wehavetochangeforethefaster,thehigherandthestronger.Ifwearesurethatthenewmajorfitsusbetterandwilladdmeaningintoourlife,whycannotwemakeanewbeginning?(13(13)MyViewonSocialInvestigationsNowadaysmoreandmoreuniversitiesandhighschoolsaskstudentstotakepartinsocialinvestigations.Manypeople,however,arguethatsuchinvestigationwillwastetimeandenergy.Icannotagreewiththemonthisoccasion,forthefollowingreasons.Ontheonehand,socialinvestigationprovidesanopportunityforstudentstounderstandthesociety,whichisquiteimportantbeforetheythemselvesstepintothesocietyinthefuture.Ontheotherhand,theexperienceaccumulatedinthesocialinvestigationswillbemosthelpfultostudents'personalitydevelopment.Lastbutnotleaststudents'least,communicationskillswillbelargelyimproved.investigationsInaword,socialinvestigationsarenecessaryforstudentsinthattheyarebeneficialforthehealthydevelopmentofchildren.1