英语六级cet-6考试模拟考试题

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英语六级cet-6考试模拟考试题PartIWriting(30minutes)（请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试）Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayonhappinessbyreferringtothesaying“Happinessisnottheabsenceofproblems,buttheabilitytodealwiththem.”Youcanciteexamplestoillustrateyourpointandthenexplainhowyoucandevelopyourabilitytodealwithproblemsandbehappy.Youshouldwriteatleastwordsbutnomorethanwords.PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。1.A)Therockbandneedsmorehoursofpractice.B)Therockbandisgoingtoplayhereforamonth.C)Theirhardworkhasresultedinabigsuccess.D)Heappreciatesthewoman‟shelpwiththeband.2.A)GoonadivingtourinEurope.C)Traveloverseasonhisown.B)Add300dollarstohisbudget.D)JoinapackagetourtoMexico.3.A)Incasesomeproblemshouldoccur.C)Toavoidmoreworklateron.B)Somethingunexpectedhashappened.D)Tomakebetterpreparations.4.A)Thewomanaskedforafreepasstotryoutthefacilities.B)Themanisgoingtorenewhismembershipinafitnesscenter.C)Thewomancangivethemanadiscountifhejoinstheclubnow.D)Themancantryoutthefacilitiesbeforehebecomesamember.5.A)Heisnotafraidofchallenge.B)Heisnotfittostudyscience.C)Heisworriedaboutthetest.D)Heisgoingtodropthephysicscourse6.A)Payforpartofthepicnicfood.C)BuysomethingspecialforGary.B)InviteGary‟sfamilytodinner.D)Takesomefoodtothepicnic.7.A)Busdrivers‟workingconditions.C)Publictransportation.B)Alabordisputeatabuscompany.D)Acorporatetakeover.8.A)Thebankstatement.C)Thepaymentforanorder.B)Theirsalesoverseas.D)Thecheckjustdeposited.Questions9to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.9.A)Ahotelreceptionist.C)Ashopassistant.B)Aprivatesecretary.D)Asalesmanager.10.A)Voice.C)Appearance.

1B)Intelligence.D)Manners.11.A)Arrangeonemoreinterview.C)Reportthemattertotheirboss.B)OfferthejobtoDavidWallace.D)HireBarbaraJonesonatrialbasis.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A)Heinventedtherefrigerator.C)HegotadegreeinMathematics.B)Hepatentedhisfirstinvention.D)Hewasadmittedtouniversity.13.A)Hedistinguishedhimselfinlowtemperaturephysics.B)HefellinlovewithNatashaWilloughby.C)HebecameaprofessorofMathematics.D)Hestartedtoworkonrefrigeration.14.A)Findingthetruenatureofsubatomicparticles.B)Theirworkonveryhighfrequencyradiowaves.C)Layingthefoundationsofmodemmathematics.D)Theirdiscoveryofthelawsofcauseandeffect.15.A)Toteachatauniversity.C)Tospendhisremainingyears.B)Topatenthisinventions.D)Tohaveathree-weekholiday.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillhespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。PassageOneQuestions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A)Theyhavefallenpreytowolves.B)Theyhavebecomeatouristattraction.C)Theyhavecausedlotsofdamagetocrops.D)Theyhavebecomeaheadachetothecommunity.17.A)Tocelebratetheirvictory.C)Toscarethewolves.B)Tocheerupthehunters.D)Toalertthedeer.18.A)Theywouldhelptospreadafataldisease.B)Theywouldposeathreattothechildren.C)Theywouldendangerdomesticanimals.D)Theywouldeventuallykilloffthedeer.PassageTwoQuestions19to22arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A)Sheisaninterpreter.C)Sheisadomesticservant.B)Sheisatouristguide.D)Sheisfromtheroyalfamily.20.A)Itwasusedbythefamilytoholddinnerparties.B)Itissituatedatthefootofabeautifulmountain.C)Itwasfrequentlyvisitedbyheadsofstate.D)Itisfurnishedlikeoneinaroyalpalace.21.A)Itiselaboratelydecorated.

2B)Ithassurvivedsome2,000years.C)Itisverybig,withonlysixslimlegs.D)ItisshapedlikeanancientSpanishboat.22.A)Theyareuncomfortabletositinforlong.B)Theydonotmatchtheovaltableatall.C)Theyhavelostsomeoftheirlegs.D)Theyareinterestingtolookat.PassageThreeQuestions23to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.23.A)Itinanuncommoninfectiousdisease.B)Itdestroysthepatient‟sabilitytothink.C)Itisadiseaseverydifficulttodiagnose.D)Itisthebiggestcripplerofyoungadults.24.A)Searchforthebestcure.C)Writeabookaboutherlife.B)Hurryupandlivelife.D)Exercisemoreandworkharder.25.A)Aggressive.C)Sophisticated.B)Adventurous.D)Self-centered.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadfortthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。It‟sdifficulttoestimatethenumberofyoungstersinvolvedinhomeschooling,wherechildrenarenotsenttoschoolandreceivetheirformaleducationfromoneorbothparents.(26)_______andcourtdecisionshavemadeitlegallypossibleinmoststatesforparentstoeducatetheirchildrenathome,andeachyearmorepeopletakeadvantageofthatopportunity.Somestatesrequireparentsorahometutortomeetteachercertificationstandards,andmanyrequireparentstocompletelegalformstoverifythattheirchildrenarereceiving(27)_______instate-approvedcurricula.Supportsofhomeeducationclaimthatit‟slessexpensiveandfarmore(28)_______thanmasspubliceducation.Moreover,theyciteseveraladvantages:alleviationofschoolovercrowding,strengthenedfamilyrelationships,lower(29)_______rates,thefactthatstudentsareallowedtolearnattheirownrate,increased(30)_______,higherstandardizedtestscores,andreduced(31)_______problems.Criticsofthehomeschoolingmovement(32)_______thatitcreatesasmanyproblemsasitsolves.Theyacknowledgethat,inafewcases,homeschoolingofferseducationalopportunitiessuperiortothosefoundinmostpublicschools,butfewparentscanprovidesucheducationaladvantages.Someparentswhowithdrawtheirchildrenfromtheschools(33)_______homeschoolinghaveaninadequateeducationalbackgroundandinsufficientformaltrainingtoprovideasatisfactory

3educationfortheirchildren.Typically,parentshavefewertechnologicalresources(34)_______thandoschools.However,therelativelyinexpensivecomputertechnologythatisreadilyavailabletodayiscausingsometochallengethenotionthathomeschoolingisinanyway(35)_______morehighlystructuredclassroomeducation.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Someperformanceevaluationsrequiresupervisorstotakeaction.Employeeswhoreceiveaveryfavorableevaluationmaydeservesometypeofrecognitionorevenapromotion.IfSupervisorsshouldacknowledgehighperformancesothattheemployeewillcontinuetoperformwellinthefuture.Employeeswhoreceiveunfavorableevaluationsmustalsobegivenattention.Supervisorsmustthereasonsforpoorperformance.Somereasons,suchasafamilyillness,mayhaveamaynotbetemporary.Whensupervisorsgiveemployeesanunfavorableevaluation,theymusttheunfavorableevaluationcanpinpoint(指出)thedeficienciesthatemployeesmustcorrect.Inthiscase,thesupervisormaysimplyneedtomonitortheemployeesandensurethatthedeficienciesarecorrected.Iftheemployeeswerealreadyawareoftheirdeficienciesbeforetheevaluationperiod,however,theymaybeunableorunwillingtocorrectthem.Thissituationismoreserious,andtheirm‟sguidelinesandmayincludereassigningtheemployeestonewjobs,themtemporarily,orfiringthem.Asupervisor‟sactiontowardapoorlyperformingworkercantheirproductivityaswell.注意：此部分题请在答题卡2上作答。SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.TheCollegeEssay:WhyThose500WordsDriveUsCrazyA)Megisalawyer-mominsuburbanWashington,D.C.,wherelawyer-momsarethickontheground.HersonDougisoneofseveralhundredthousandhigh-schoolseniorswhohadapainfulfall.ThedeadlineforapplyingtohisfavoritecollegewasNov.1,andbyearlyOctoberhehadyettofillouttheapplication.Moretothepoint,hehadyettosettleonasubjectforthepersonalessayaccompanyingtheapplication.Accordingtocollegefolklore,awell-turnedessayhasthepowertoseduce(诱惑)anadmissionscommittee.“Hewantedtodoonethingatatime,”Megsays,explainingherson‟

4sdelay.“Butreally,mysonisahugeprocrastinator(拖延者).Theessayisthehardestthingtodo,sohe‟sputitoffthelongest.”FriendsandotherveteransoftheprocesshavewarnedMegthatthebackandforthbetweeneditingparentandwritingstudentcanbetraumatic(痛苦的).B)Backinthegoodolddays—say,twoyearsago,whenthelastofmychildrensufferedtheordeal(折磨)—ahigh-schoolstudentapplyingtocollegecouldprocrastinateallthewaytoNewYear‟sDayoftheirsenioryear,assumingtheycouldwithstandtheparentalpestering(烦扰).Butthingschangefastinthenail-bitingworldofcollegeadmissions.TherecenttrendtowardearlydecisionandearlyactionamongselectivecollegesanduniversitieshaspushedthetraditionaldeadlineofJanuaryuptoNov.1orearlyDecemberformanystudents.C)Ifthetimeforheel-dragginghasbeenshortened,thetruesourceoftheanxietyandpanicremainswhatithasalwaysbeen.Andit‟snottheapplicationitself.Acollegeapplicationisarelativelystraightforwardquestionnaireaskingforthebasics:name,address,familyhistoryemploymenthistory.Itwouldallbeinnocentenough—20minutesofbusywork—exceptitcomesattachedtoapersonalessay.D)“Therearegoodreasonsitcausessuchanxiety,”saysLisaSohmer,directorofcollegecounselingattheGardenSchoolinJacksonHeights,N.Y.“It‟snotjusttheactualwriting.Bynoweverythingelseisalreadyset.Yourcourseloadisset,yourgradesareset,yourtestscoresareset.Buttheessayissomethingyoucanstillcontrol,andit‟sopen-ended.Sothetemptationistowriteandrewriteandrewrite.”Orstallandstallandstall.E)Theapplicationessay,alongwithitsmythicalimportance,isarecentinvention.Inthe1930s,whenonlyonein10Americanshadadegreefromafour-yearcollege,anadmissionscommitteewascontenttoaskforasampleofapplicants‟schoolpaperstoassesstheirwritingability.Bythe1950s,mostschoolsrequiredabriefpersonalstatementofwhythestudenthadchosentoapplytooneschooloveranother.F)Todaynearly70percentofgraduatingseniorsgoofftocollege,includingtwo-yearandfour-yearinstitutions.Evenapartfromtheincreasedcompetition,thekidsenteraprocessthathasbeenutterlytransformedfromtheonebabyboomersknew.Nearlyallapplicationmaterialsaresubmittedonline,andtheCommonApplicationprovidesaone-size-fitsformacceptedbymorethan400schools,includingthenation‟smostselective.G)Thoseschoolsusuallyrequireessaysoftheirown,butthelongestessay,500wordsmaximum,isgenerallyattachedtotheCommonApplication.Studentschooseoneofsixquestions.Applicantsareaskedtodescribeanethicaldilemmathey‟vefacedanditsimpactonthem,ordiscussapublicissueofspecialconcerntothem,ortellofa

5fictionalcharacterorcreativeworkthathasprofoundlyinfluencedthem.Anotherquestioninvitesthemtowriteabouttheimportance(tothem,again)ofdiversity―awordthathasassumedmagicpowerinAmericanhighereducation.Themostpopularoption:writeonatopicofyourchoice.H)“Boysinparticularlookattheotherquestionsandsay,„Oh,that‟stoomuchwork,‟”saysJohnBoshoven,acounselorintheAnnArbor,Mich.,publicschools.“Theythinkiftheydoatopicoftheirchoice,“I‟lljustgogetthathistorypaperIdidlastyearontheRomanEmpireandturnitintoafirst-personapplicationessay!‟Andtheyendupproducingsomethingutterlyridiculous.”I)TalkingtoadmissionsprofessionalslikeBoshoven,yourealizethatthelistof“don‟ts”inessaywritingismuchlongerthanthe“dos.”“Nobookreports,nohistorypapers,nocharacterstudies,”saysSohmer.J)“Itdrivesyoucrazy,howeasilykidsslipintoclichés(老生常谈),”saysBoshoven.“Theydon‟trealizehowtypicaltheirexperiencesarc.„Iscoredthewinninggoalinsocceragainstourarch-rival.‟„MygrandfatherservedinWorldWarII,andIhopetobejustlikehimsomeday.‟Thatmaymeanalottothatparticularkid.Butintheworldoftheapplicationessay,it‟snothing.You‟lllosethereaderinthefirstparagraph.”K)“Thegreateststrengthyoubringtothisessay,”saystheCollegeBoard‟show-tobook,“is17yearsorsooffamiliaritywiththetopic:YOU.Theformandstyleareveryfamiliar,andbestofall,youaretheworld-classexpertonthesubjectofYOU...Ithasbeenthesubjectofyourclosescrutinyeverymorningsinceyouweretallenoughtoseeintothebathroommirror.”ThekeywordintheCommonApplicationpromptsis“you.”L)ThecollegeadmissionessaycontainsthegrandestAmericanthemes―statusanxiety,parentalpiety(孝顺),intellectualstandards—andsoitisonlyamatteroftimebeforeitbecomesinfectedbythecountry‟scultureofexcessiveconcernwithself-esteem.Evenifthequestionisostensibly(表面上)aboutsomethingoutsidetheself(describeafictionalcharacterorsolveaproblemofgeopolitics),theessayinvariablyreturnstothefavoritetopic:whatisitsimpactonYOU?M)“Foralltheanxietytheessaycauses,”saysBillMcClintickofMercersburgAcademyinPennsylvania,“it‟saverysmallpieceofthepuzzle.Iwasincollegeadmissionsfor10years.Isawkidsandparentsbeatthemselvesupoverthis.Andatthevastmajorityofplaces,itissimplynotabigvariableinthecollege‟sdecision-makingprocess.”N)Manyadmissionsofficerssaytheyspendlessthanacoupleofminutesoneachapplication,includingtheessay.Accordingtoarecentsurveyofadmissionsofficers,onlyoneinfourprivatecollegessaytheessayisof“considerableimportance”injudginganapplication.Amongpubliccollegesanduniversities,thenumberdropstoroughlyone

6in10.Bycontrast,86percentplace“considerableimportance”onanapplicant‟sgrades,70percenton“strengthofcurriculum.”O)Still,atthemostselectiveschools,wherethousandsofcandidatesmaysubmitidenticallyhighgradesandtestscores,amarginalitemliketheessaymayserveasatie-breakerbetweentwoequallyqualifiedcandidates.ThethoughtiscertainlyenoughtokeepthepotboilingunderparentslikeMeg,thelawyer-mom,asshetriestohelphersonchooseanessaytopic.Foramomenttheotherday,shethoughtshemighthavehitonagoodone.“Hisfather‟sfromFrance,”shesays.“Isaidmaybeyoucouldwriteaboutthat,assomethingthatmakesyoudifferent.Youknow:halfFrench,halfAmerican.Isaid,„Youcouldwriteaboutyouridentityissues.‟Hesaid,„Idon‟thaveanyidentityissues!‟Andhe‟sright.He‟sawell-adjusted,normalkid.Butthatdoesn‟tmakeforagoodessay,doesit?”注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46.Todaymanyuniversitiesrequiretheirapplicantstowriteanessayofuptofivehundredwords.47.Onerecentchangeincollegeadmissionsisthatselectivecollegesanduniversitieshavemovedthetraditionaldeadlinetoearlierdates.48.Applicantsandtheirparentsaresaidtobelievethatthepersonalessaycanswaytheadmissionscommittee.49.Applicantsareusuallybetteroffiftheycanwriteanessaythatdistinguishesthemfromtherest.50.Notonlyisthecompetitiongettingmoreintense,theapplicationprocesstodayisalsototallydifferentfromwhatbabyboomersknew.51.Inwritingabouttheirownexperiencesmanyapplicantsslipintoclichés,thusfailingtoengagethereader.52.Accordingtoarecentsurvey,mostpubliccollegesanduniversitiesconsideranapplicant‟sgradeshighlyimportant.53.Althoughtheapplicationessaycauseslotsofanxiety,itdoesnotplaysoimportantaroleinthecollege‟sdecision-makingprocess.54.Thequestionyouaresupposedtowriteaboutmayseemoutsidetheself,butthethemeoftheessayshouldcenterarounditsimpactonyou.55.Intheolddays,applicantsonlyhadtosubmitasampleoftheirschoolpaperstoshowtheirwritingability.SectionC

7Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Amongthegovernment‟smostinterestingreportsisonethatestimateswhatparentsspendontheirchildren.Notsurprisingly,thecostsaresteep.Foramiddle-class,husband-and-wifefamily(averagepretaxincomein2009:$76,250),spendingperchildisabout$12,000ayear.Withinflationthefamily‟sspendingonachildwilltotal$286,050byage17.Thedrystatisticsoughttoinformtheongoingdeficitdebate,becauseabudgetisnotjustacatalogofprogramsandtaxes.Itreflectsasociety‟sprioritiesandvalues.Oursocietydoesnot—despiterhetoric(说辞)tothecontrary—putmuchvalueonraisingchildren.Presentbudgetpoliciestaxparentsheavilytosupporttheelderly.Meanwhile,taxbreaksforchildrenaremodest.Ifdeficitreductionaggravatesthesebiases,moreAmericansmaychoosenottohavechildrenortohavefewerchildren.Downthatpathlieseconomicdecline.Societiesthatcannotreplacetheirpopulationsdiscourageinvestmentandinnovation.Theyhavestagnant(萧条的)orshrinkingmarketsforgoodsandservices.Witholderpopulations,theyresistchange.Tostabilizeitspopulation—discountingimmigration—womenmusthaveanaverageoftwochildren.That‟safertilityrateof2.0.Manycountrieswithstrugglingeconomiesarewellbelowthat.Thoughhavingachildisadeeplypersonaldecision,it‟sshapedbyculture,religion,economics,andgovernmentpolicy.“Noonehasagoodanswer”astowhyfertilityvariesamongcountries,sayssociologistAndrewCherlinofTheJohnsHopkinsUniversity.ErodingreligiousbeliefinEuropemaypartlyexplainloweredbirthrates.InJapanyoungwomenmayberebellingagainsttheirmothers‟isolatedlivesofchildrearing.Generaloptimismandpessimismcount.HopefulnessfueledAmerica‟sbabyboom.AftertheSovietUnion‟scollapse,saysCherlin,“anxietyforthefuture”depressedbirthratesinRussiaandEasternEurope.Inpoorsocieties,peoplehavechildrentoimprovetheireconomicwell-beingbyincreasingthenumberoffamilyworkersandprovidingsupportsforparentsintheiroldage.Inwealthysocieties,thelogicoftenreverses.Governmentnowsupportstheelderly,diminishingtheneedforchildren.Bysomestudies,thesafetynetsforretireeshavereducedfertilityratesby0.5childrenintheUnitedStatesandalmost1.0inWesternEurope,reportseconomistRobertSteininthejournalNationalAffairs.Similarly,somecouplesdon‟thavechildrenbecausetheydon‟twanttosacrificetheirownlifestylestothelimeandexpenseofafamily.YoungAmericansalreadyfaceableaklabormarketthatcannotinstill(注入)confidenceabouthavingchildren.Pilingonhighertaxeswon‟thelp,“Ifhighertaxesmakeitmoreexpensivetoraisechildren,”saysNicholasEberstadtoftheAmericanEnterpriseInstitute,“peoplewillthinktwiceabouthavinganotherchild.”Thatseemslikecommonsense,despitethemultipleinfluencesonbecomingparents.

8注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。56.Whatdowelearnfromthegovernmentreport?A)Inflationincreasesfamilies‟expenses.B)Raisingchildrenisgettingexpensive.C)Budgetreductioninaroundthecorner.D)Averagefamilyexpenditureisincreasing.57.Whatissaidtobetheconsequenceofashrinkingpopulation?A)Weakenednationalstrength.C)Economicdownturn.B)Increasedimmigration.D)Socialinstability.58.WhataccountedforAmerica‟sbabyboom?A)Optimismforthefuture.C)Religiousbeliefs.B)Improvedlivingconditions.D)Economicprosperity.59.Whydopeopleinwealthycountriesprefertohavefewerchildren?A)Theywanttofurtherimprovetheireconomicwell-being.B)Theycannotaffordthetimeandexpensesofrearingchildren.C)Theyareconcernedaboutthefutureofthecominggeneration.D)Theydon‟trelyontheirchildrentosupporttheminoldage.60.Whatistheauthor‟spurposeinwritingthepassage?A)Toinstillconfidenceintheyoungaboutraisingchildren.B)Toadvisecouplestothinktwicebeforehavingchildren.C)Toencouragetheyoungtotakecareoftheelderly.D)Toappealfortaxreductionforraisingchildren.PassageTwoQuestions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Spaceexplorationhasalwaysbeentheprovinceofdreamers:Thehumanimaginationreadilysoarswherehumaningenuity(创造力)strugglestofollow.AVoyagetotheMoon,oftencitedasthefirstsciencefictionstory,waswrittenbyCyranodeBergeracin1649.Cyranowasdeadandburiedforagoodthreecenturiesbeforethefirstmannedrocketsstartedtofly.In1961,whenPresidentKennedydeclaredthatAmericawouldsendamantothemoonbythedecade‟send,thosewords,too,hadadreamlikequality.Theyresonated(共鸣)withoptimismandambitioninmuchthesamewayasthemostfamousdreamspeechofall,deliveredbyMartinLutherKingJr.twoyearslater.Bytheendofthedecade,bothvisionshadyieldedconcreteresultsandtransformedAmericansociety.Andyetinmanywaysthetwodreamsendedupatoddswitheachother.Thefightforracialandeconomicequalityisintenselypragmatic(讲求实用的)andimmediateinitsimpact.Theurgetoexplorespaceisjusttheopposite.Itisfigurativelyandliterallyotherworldlyinitsaims.Whenthedustsettled,thespacedreamerslostout.Therewasnograndfollow-uptotheApollomissions.Thetechnologicallycompromisedspaceshuttleprogramhasjustcometoanend,withnosuccessor.Theperpetualargumentisthatfundsaretight,thatwehavemorepressingproblemshereonEarth.Amidthecurrentconcernsaboutthefederaldeficit,reachingtowardthestarsseemsadispensableluxury—asifsavingone-thousandthofasingleyear‟sbudgetwouldsolveourproblems.

9Buthumaningenuitystruggleson.NASAisdevelopingaseriesofroboticprobesthatwillgetthemostbangfromabuck.TheywillserveasmodemMagellans,mappingoutthesolarsystemforwhateverexplorersfollow,whethermanormachine.Ontheflipside,companieslikeVirginGalacticareplottingabottom-upassaultonthespacedreambymakingitarealitytothepublic.Privatespaceflightcouldliewithinreachofrichciviliansinafewyears.Anotherdecadeortwoanditcouldgomainstream.Thespacedreamersendupbenefitingallofus—notjustbecauseofthewaytheyexpandhumanknowledge,orbecauseofthespin-offtechnologiestheyproduce,butbecausethetwotypesofdreamsfeedoffeachother.BothMartinLutherKingandJohnKennedyappealedtotheideathathumanscantranscendwhatwereonceconsideredinherentlimitations.Todaywefaceseemingchallengesinenergy,theenvironment,healthcare.Tomorrowwewilltranscendtheseaswell,andthedreamerswilldeservealotofthecredit.Themoreevidencewecollectthatourspeciesiscapableofgreatness,themorewewillactuallyachieveit.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。61.TheauthormentionsCyranodeBergeracinordertoshowthat_________.A)imaginationisthemotherofinventionB)ingenuityisessentialforsciencefictionwritersC)ittakespatienceforhumanstorealizetheirdreamsD)dreamershavealwaysbeeninterestedinsciencefiction62.HowdidthegeneralpublicviewKennedy‟sspaceexplorationplan?A)ItsymbolizedtheAmericanspirit.B)Itwasasurgentasracialequality.C)Itsoundedverymuchlikeadream.D)Itmadeanancientdreamcometrue.63.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutAmerica‟saimtoexplorespace?A)Itmaynotbringaboutimmediateeconomicgains.B)Itcannotberealizedwithouttechnologicalinnovation.C)Itwillnothelptherealizationofracialandeconomicequality.D)Itcannotbeachievedwithoutagoodknowledgeoftheotherworlds.64.Whatistheauthor‟sattitudetowardspaceprograms?A)Critical.C)Unbiased.B)Reserved.D)Supportive.65.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheproblemsfacinghumanbeings?A)Theyposeaseriouschallengetofuturehumanexistence.B)Theycanbesolvedsoonerorlaterwithhumaningenuity.C)Theirsolutionsneedjointeffortsofthepublicandprivatesectors.D)Theycanonlybesolvedbypeoplewithoptimismandambition.PartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.中国园林（theChinesegarden）是经过三千多年演变而成的独具一格的园林景观（landscape）。它既包括为皇室成员享乐而建造的大型花园，也包括学者、商人和卸任的

10政府官员为摆脱嘈杂的外部世界而建造的私家花园。这些花园构成了一种意在表达人与自然之间应有的和稭关系的微缩景观。典型的中国园林四周有围墙，园内有池塘、假山（rockwork）、树木、花草以及各种各样由蜿蜒的小路和走廊连接的建筑。漫步在花园中，人们可以看到一系列精心设计的景观犹如山水画卷（scroll）一般展现在面前。注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。答案1~5CDADB6~10ABCAC11~15BDCBA16~20DDCBA21~25CADBB26.Legislation27.instruction28.efficient29.dropout30.motivation31.discipline32.contend33.infavorof34.attheirdisposal35.inferiorto36~40HLIJA41~45FGNBK46~50GBAOF51~55JNMLE56~60BCADD61~65ACADB2013年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第2套）PartIWriting(30minutes)（请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试）Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayabouttheimpactoftheinformationexplosionbyreferringtothesaying“Awealthofinformationcreatesapovertyofattention.”Youcangiveexamplestoillustrateyourpointandthenexplainwhatyoucandotoavoidbeingdistractedbyirrelevantinformation.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.1.A)Laborproblems.B)Weatherconditions.C)Anerrorintheorder.D)Misplacingofgoods.2.A)Whatthewomansaysmakesalotofsense.B)Therichareopposedtosocialwelfare.C)Heissympatheticwithpoorpeople.D)HeagreeswithMr.Johnson‟sviews.3.A)Hewillbepracticingsoccer.B)Hehasworktofinishintime.C)Hewillbeattendingameeting.D)Hehasatoughproblemtosolve.4.A)Maryshouldgetridofherpetassoonaspossible.B)Marywillnotbeabletokeepadoginthebuilding.C)Maryisnothappywiththebanonpetanimals.D)Marymightaswellsendherdogtoherrelative.

115.A)Thetwins‟voicesarequitedifferent.B)LisaandGalearenotverymuchalike.C)Hedoesnotbelievetheyaretwinsisters.D)Thewomanseemsabithardofhearing.6.A)TheseriouseconomiccrisisinBritain.B)ApackagedealtobesignedinNovember.C)Amessagefromtheirbusinessassociates.D)Theirabilitytodealwithfinancialproblems.7.A)Itisimpossibletoremovethestaincompletely.B)Themanwillbechargedextrafortheservice.C)Themanhastogotothemaincleaningfacility.D)Cleaningthepantswilltakelongerthanusual.8.A)Europeanmarkets.B)Aprotestrally.C)Luxurygoods.D)Importedproducts.Questions9to12arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.9.A)Hemadeabusinesstrip.B)HehadaquarrelwithMarsha.C)Hetalkedtoheronthephone.D)Heresolvedabudgetproblem.10.A)Shemayhavetobefiredforpoorperformance.B)Shehasdevelopedsomeseriousmentalproblem.C)Sheisinchargeofthefirm‟sbudgetplanning.D)Shesupervisesanumberofimportantprojects.11.A)Shefailedtoarriveattheairportontime.B)Davidpromisedtogoonthetripinherplace.C)Somethingunexpectedhappenedatherhome.D)Shewasnotfeelingherselfonthatday.12.A)Hefrequentlygetsthingsmixedup.B)HeisalwaysfindingfaultwithMarsha.C)HehasbeentryinghardtocoverforMarsha.D)Heoftenfailstofollowthroughonhisprojects.Questions13to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.13.A)Theyarebettershelteredfromalltheoutsidetemptations.B)Theyareusuallymoremotivatedtocompetewiththeirpeers.C)Theyhavemoreopportunitiestodeveloptheirleadershipskills.D)Theymakeanactivepartinmoreextracurricularactivities.14.A)Itschiefpositionsareheldbywomen.B)Itsteachingstaffconsistsofwomenonly.C)Itsstudentsaimatmanagerialposts.D)Itsstudentsarerolemodelsofwomen.15.A)Itisunderadequatecontrol.B)Itistraditionalbutcolourful.

12C)Theyaremoreorlessisolatedfromtheoutsideworld.D)Theyhaveampleopportunitiestomeettheoppositesex.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions16to19arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A)Byinvadingthepersonalspaceoflisteners.B)Bymakinggesturesatstrategicpoints.C)Byspeakinginadeep,loudvoice.D)Byspeakingwiththelocalaccent.17.A)Topromotesportsmanshipamongbusinessowners.B)Toencouragepeopletosupportlocalsportsgroups.C)Toraisemoneyforaforthcominglocalsportsevent.D)Toshowhisfamily‟scontributiontothecommunity.18.A)Theyareknowntobethestyleofthesportsworld.B)Theywouldcertainlyappealtohisaudience.C)Theyrepresentthelatestfashioninthebusinesscircles.D)Theyarebelievedtocommunicatepowerandinfluence.19.A)Tocoveruphisownnervousness.B)Tocreateawarmpersonalatmosphere.C)Toenhancetheeffectofbackgroundmusic.D)Toallowtheaudiencetobetterenjoyhisslides.PassageTwoQuestions20to22arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.20.A)ShewasthefirsteducatedslaveofJohnWhitley‟s.B)ShewasthegreatestfemalepoetinColonialAmerica.C)ShewasbornaboutthetimeoftheWarofIndependence.D)ShewasthefirstAfrican-Americanslavetopublishabook.21.A)Reviseinanumberoftimes.B)Obtainconsentfromherowner.C)Gothroughascholarlyexamination.D)Turntothecolonialgovernorforhelp.22.A)Literaryworkscallingfortheabolitionofslavery.B)ReligiousscriptspopularamongslavesinAmerica.C)Arichstockofmanuscriptsleftbyhistoricalfigures.D)LotsoflostworkswrittenbyAfrican-Americanwomen.PassageThreeQuestions23to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.23.A)Itisatraitofgenerouscharacter.B)Itisareflectionofself-esteem.C)Itisanindicatorofhighintelligence.

13D)Itisasignofhappinessandconfidence.24.A)Itwasself-defeating.B)Itwasaggressive.C)Itwastheessenceofcomedy.D)Itwassomethingadmirable.25.A)Itisadouble-edgedsword.B)Itisafeatureofagivenculture.C)Itisauniquegiftofhumanbeings.D)Itisaresultofbothnatureandnurture.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.Itisimportantthatwebemindfuloftheearth,theplanetoutofwhichwearebornandbywhichwearenourished,guided,healed—theplanet,however,whichwehave(26)_______toaconsiderabledegreeinthesepasttwocenturiesof(27)_______exploitation.Thisexploitationhasreachedsuch(28)_______thatpresentlyitappearsthatsomehundredsofthousandsofspecieswillbe(29)_______beforetheendofthecentury.Inourtimes,humanshrewdnesshasmasteredthedeep(30)_______oftheearthatalevelfarbeyondthecapacitiesofearlierpeoples.Wecanbreakthemountainsapart;wecandraintheriversandfloodthevalleys.Wecanturnthemostluxuriantforestsintothrowawaypaperproducts.Wecan(31)_______thegreatgrasscoverofthewesternplainsandpour(32)_______chemicalsintothesoiluntilthesoilisdeadandblowsawayinthewind.Wecanpollutetheairwithacids,theriverswithsewage(污水),theseaswithoil.Wecaninventcomputers(33)_______processingtenmillioncalculationspersecond.Andwhy?Toincreasethevolumeandthespeedwithwhichwemovenaturalresourcesthroughtheconsumereconomytothejunkpileorthewasteheap.Ourmanagerialskillsaremeasuredbythecompetence(34)_______inacceleratingthisprocess.Ifintheseactivitiesthephysicalfeaturesoftheplanetaredamaged,iftheenvironmentismadeinhospitablefor(35)_______livingspecies,thensobeit.Weare,supposedly,creatingatechnologicalwonderworld.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

14Quiteoften,educatorstellfamiliesofchildrenwhoarelearningEnglishasasecondlanguagetospeakonlyEnglish,andnottheirnativelanguage,athome.Althoughtheseeducatorsmayhavegood36,theiradvicetofamiliesismisguided,andit37frommisunderstandingsabouttheprocessoflanguageacquisition.Educatorsmayfearthatchildrenhearingtwolanguageswillbecome38confusedandthustheirlanguagedevelopmentwillbe39;thisconcernisnotdocumentedintheliterature.Childrenarecapableoflearningmorethanonelanguage,whether40orsequentially(依次地).Infact,mostchildrenoutsideoftheUnitedStatesareexpectedtobecomebilingualoreven,inmanycases,multilingual.Globally,knowingmorethanonelanguageisviewedasan41andevenanecessityinmanyareas.ItisalsoofconcernthatthemisguidedadvicethatstudentsshouldspeakonlyEnglishisgivenprimarilytopoorfamilieswithlimitededucationalopportunities,nottowealthierfamilieswhohavemanyeducationaladvantages.Sincechildrenfrompoorfamiliesoftenare42asat-riskforacademicfailure,teachersbelievethatadvisingfamiliestospeakEnglishonlyisappropriate.Teachersconsiderlearningtwolanguagestobetoo43forchildrenfrompoorfamilies,believingthatthechildrenarealreadyburdenedbytheirhomesituations.IffamiliesdonotknowEnglishorhavelimitedEnglishskillsthemselves,howcantheycommunicateinEnglish?Advisingnon-English-speakingfamiliestospeakonlyEnglishis44totellingthemnottocommunicatewithorinteractwiththeirchildren.Moreover,the45messageisthatthefamily'snativelanguageisnotimportantorvalued.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A)assetB)delayedC)deviatesD)equivalentE)identifiedF)intentionsG)objectH)overwhelmingI)permanentlyJ)prevalentK)simultaneouslyL)stemsM)successivelyN)underlyingO)visualizingSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphis

15markedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2TheUsesofDifficultyThebrainlikesachallenge—andputtingafewobstaclesinitswaymaywellboostitscreativity.A)JackWhite,theformerfrontmanoftheWhiteStripesandaninfluentialfigureamongfellowmusicians,likestomakethingsdifficultforhimself.Heusescheapguitarsthatwon‟tstayinshapeorintune.Whenperforming,hepositionshisinstrumentsinawaythatisdeliberatelyinconvenient,sothatswitchingfromguitartoorganmid-songinvolvesamaddashacrossthestage.Why?Becausehe‟sontherunfromwhathedescribesasadiseasethatpreysoneveryartist:“easeofuse”.Whenmakingmusicgetstooeasy,saysWhite,itbecomeshardertomakeitsing.B)It‟sanoddthought.Whywouldanyonemaketheirworkmoredifficultthanitalreadyis?Yetweknowthatdifficultycanpayunexpecteddividends.In1966,soonaftertheBeatleshadfinishedworkon“RubberSoul”,PaulMcCartneylookedintothepossibilityofgoingtoAmericatorecordtheirnextalbum.TheequipmentinAmericanstudioswasmoreadvancedthananythinginBritain,whichhadledtheBeatles‟greatrivals,theRollingStones,tomaketheirlatestalbum,“Aftermath”,inLosAngeles.McCartneyfoundthatEMI’s(百代唱片)contractualclausesmadeitprohibitivelyexpensivetofollowsuit,andtheBeatleshadtomakedowiththeprimitivetechnologyofAbbeyRoad.C)Luckyforus.Overthenexttwoyearstheymadetheirmostgroundbreakingwork,turningtherecordingstudiointoamagicalinstrumentofitsown.Preciselybecausetheywereworkingwithold-fashionedmachines,GeorgeMartinandhisteamofengineerswereforcedtoapplyeveryounceoftheircreativitytosolvetheproblemsposedtothembyLennonandMcCartney.Songslike“TomorrowNeverKnows”,“StrawberryFieldsForever”,and“ADayintheLife”featuredrevolutionarysoundeffectsthatdazzledandmystifiedMartin‟sAmericancounterparts.D)Sometimesit‟sonlywhenadifficultyisremovedthatwerealisewhatitwasdoingforus.Formorethantwodecades,startinginthe1960s,thepoetTedHughessatonthejudgingpanelofanannualpoetrycompetitionforBritishschoolchildren.Duringthe1980shenoticedanincreasingnumberoflongpoemsamongthesubmissions,withsomerunningto70or80pages.Thesepoemswereverballyinventiveandfluent,butalso“strangelyboring”.AftermakinginquiriesHughesdiscoveredthattheywerebeingcomposedoncomputers,thenjustfindingtheirwayintoBritishhomes.E)Youmighthavethoughtanytoolwhichenablesawritertogetwordsontothepagewouldbeanadvantage.Buttheremaybeacosttosuchfacility.InaninterviewwiththeParisReviewHughesspeculatedthatwhenapersonputspentopaper,“youmeettheterribleresistanceofwhathappenedyourfirstyearatit,whenyoucouldn‟twriteatall”.Asthebrainattemptstoforcetheunsteadyhandtodoitsbidding,thetensionbetweenthetworesultsinamorecompressed,psychologicallydenserexpression.Removethatresistanceandyouaremorelikelytoproducea70-pageramble(不着边际的长篇大论).

16F)Ourbrainsrespondbettertodifficultythanweimagine.Inschools,teachersandpupilsalikeoftenassumethatifaconcepthasbeeneasytolearn,thenthelessonhasbeensuccessful.Butnumerousstudieshavenowfoundthatwhenclassroommaterialismadehardertoabsorb,pupilsretainmoreofitoverthelongterm,andunderstanditonadeeperlevel.G)Asapoet,TedHugheshadanacutesensitivitytothewayinwhichconstraintsonself-expression,likethedisciplinesofmetreandrhyme(韵律),spurcreativethought.Whatappliestopoetsandmusiciansalsoappliestoourdailylives.Wetendtoequate（等同于）happinesswithfreedom,but,asthepsychotherapistandwriterAdamPhillipshasobserved,withoutobstaclestoourdesiresit’shardertoknowwhatwewant,orwherewe’reheading.Hetellsthestoryofapatient,afirst-timemotherwhocomplainedthatheryoungsonwasalwaysclingingtoher,wrappinghimselfaroundherlegswherevershewent.Sheneverhadamomenttoherself,shesaid,becausehersonwas“alwaysintheway”.WhenPhillipsaskedherwhereshewouldgoifhewasn‟tintheway,sherepliedcheerfully,“Oh,Iwouldn‟tknowwhereIwas!”H)Takeanothercommonobstacle:lackofmoney.Peopleoftenassumethatmoremoneywillmakethemhappier.Buteconomistswhostudytherelationshipbetweenmoneyandhappinesshaveconsistentlyfoundthat,aboveacertainincome,thetwodonotreliablycorrelate.Despitetheeasewithwhichtherichcanacquirealmostanythingtheydesire,theyarejustaslikelytobeunhappyasthemiddleclasses.Inthisregardatleast,F.ScottFitzgeraldwaswrong.I)Indeed,easeofacquisitionistheproblem.ThenovelistEdwardStAubynhasanarratorremarkoftheveryrichthat,“nothavingtoconsideraffordability,theirdesiresrambledonlikeunstoppablebores,relentless(持续不断的)andwhimsical（反复无常的）atthesametime.”WhenBostonCollege,aprivateresearchuniversity,wantedabetterfeelforitspotentialdonors,itaskedthepsychologistRobertKennytoinvestigatethemindsetofthesuper-rich.Hesurveyed165households,mostofwhichhadanetworthof$25mormore.Hefoundthatmanyofhissubjectswereconfusedbytheinfiniteoptionstheirmoneypresentedthemwith.Theyfoundithardtoknowwhattowant,creatingakindofexistentialbafflement.Oneofthemputitlikethis:“Youknow,Bob,youcanjustbuysomuchstuff,andwhenyougettothepointwhereyoucanjustbuysomuchstuff,nowwhatareyougoingtodo?”J)Theinternetmakesinformationbillionairesoutofallofus,andthearchitectsofouronlineexperiencesarecatchingontotheneedtomakethingscreativelydifficult.Twitter‟shugesuccessisrootedinthesimplebutprofoundinsightthatinamediumwithinfinitespaceforself-expression,themostinterestingthingwecandoisrestrictourselvesto140characters.ThemusicserviceThisIsMyJamhelpspeoplenavigatethetensofmillionsoftracksnowavailableinstantlyviaSpotifyandiTunes.Userspicktheirfavouritesongoftheweektosharewithothers.Theyonlygettochooseone.Theservicewasonlylaunchedthisyear,butbytheendof

17September650,000jamshadbeenchosen.Itsco-founderMattOgleexplainsitsraisond’être(存在的理由)likethis:“Inanageofendlesschoice,weweremissingawaytosay:„This.Thisistheoneyoushouldlistento‟.”K)Today‟sworldoffersmoreopportunitythanevertofollowtheadviceoftheWalkerBrothersandmakeiteasyonourselves.Comparedwithahundredyearsago,ourlivesarelesstightlyboundbysocialnormsandphysicalconstraints.Technologyhascutoutmuchoflife‟sdonkeywork,andwehavemorefreedomsthanever:wecanwearwhatwelikeandcommunicatewithhundredsoffriendsatonceattheclickofamouse.Obstaclesareeverywheredisappearing.Fewofuswishtoturntheclockback,butperhapsweneedtoremindourselveshowusefultherightobstaclescanbe.Sometimes,thebestroutetofulfilmentisthepathofmoreresistance.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46.Therigorousrequirementsplacedonthewritingofpoetrystimulatethepoet‟screativity.47.Withcreativity,evenold-fashionedinstrumentsmayproducespectacularsoundeffects.48.Moremoneydoesnotnecessarilybringgreaterhappiness.49.ItISafalseassumptionthatlessonsshouldbemadeeasiertolearn.50.Obstaclesdeliberatelyplacedinthecreationofmusiccontributetoitssuccess.51.Thosewhoenjoytotalfreedommaynotfindthemselveshappy.52.TedHughesdiscoveredmanylongpoemssubmittedforpoetrycompetitionwerecomposedoncomputers.53.Maybeweneedtobearinbearinmindthattherightobstacleshelpleadustogreaterachievements.54.Aninvestigationfoundthatmanyofthesuper-richwerebaffledbytheinfinitechoicestheirmoneymadeavailable.55.Onefreesocialnetworkingwebsiteturnedouttosuccessfulbecauseitlimitedeachpostingtoonehundredandfortycharacters.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.TherewasatimenotlongagowhennewsciencePh.D.sintheUnitedStateswereexpectedtopursueacareerpathinacademia(学术界).Buttoday,mostgraduatesendupworkingoutsideacademia,notonlyinindustrybutalsoincareerssuchassciencepolicy,communications,andpatentlaw.Partlythisisaresultofhowbleaktheacademicjobmarketis,butthere'salsoarisingawarenessofcareeroptionsthatPh.D.scientistshaven'ttrainedfordirectly—butforwhichtheyhaveusefulknowledge,skills,andexperience.Still,there'sahugedisconnectbetweenthewaywecurrentlytrainscientistsandtheactualemploymentopportunitiesavailableforthem,andan

18urgentneedfordramaticimprovementsintrainingprogramstohelpclosethegap.OnecriticalstepthatcouldhelptodrivechangewouldbetorequirePh.D.studentsandpostdoctoralscientiststofollowanindividualdevelopmentplan(IDP).In2002theU.S.FederationofAmericanSocietiesforExperimentalBiologyrecommendedthateverypostdoctoralresearcherputtogetheranIDPmconsultationwithanadviser.Sincethen,severalacademicinstitutionshavebeguntorequireIDPsforpostdocsAndinJune,theU.S.NationalInstitutesofHealth(NIH)BiomedicalResearchWorkforceWorkingGrouprecommendedthattheNIHrequireIDPsfortheapproximately32,000postdoctoralresearcherstheysupport.Otherfundingagencies,publicandprivate,aremovinginasimilardirection.IDPshavelongbeenusedbygovernmentagenciesandtheprivatesectortoachievespecificgoalsfortheemployeeandtheorganization.Theaimistoensurethatemployeeshaveanexplicittooltohelpthemunderstandtheirownabilitiesandaspirations,determinecareerpossibilities,andset(usuallyshort-term)goals.Inscience,graduatestudentsandnewPh.D.scientistscanuseanIDPtoidentifyandnavigateaneffectivecareerpath.AfreeWebapplicationforthispurpose,calledmyIDF.hasbecomeavailablethisweek.It'sdesignedtoguideearly-careerscientiststhroughaconfidential,rigorousprocessofintrospection(内省)tocreateacustomizedcareerplan.Guidedbyexpertknowledgefromapanelofscience-focusedcareeradvisers,eachtrainee’sself-assessmentisusedtorankasetofcareertrajectories(轨迹).Aftertheuserhasidentifiedalong-termcareergoal.myIDPwalksherorhimthroughtheprocessofsettingshort-termgoalsdirectedtowardaccumulatingnewskillsandexperiencesim?portantforthatcareerchoice.AlthoughsurveysrevealtheIDPprocesstobeuseful,traineesreportaneedforadditionalresourcestohelpthemidentifyalong-termcareerpathandcompleteanIDP.Thus,myIDPwillbemosteffectivewhenit‟sembeddedinlargercareer-developmentefforts.Forexample,universitiescouldincorporateIDPsintotheirgraduatecurriculatohelpstudentsdiscuss,plan,preparefor,andachievetheirlong-termcareergoals.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。56.WhatdowelearnaboutnewsciencePh.D.sintheUnitedStatestoday?A)Theylacktheskillsandexpertiseneededfortheirjobs.B)Theycanchoosefromawiderrangeofwell-payingjobs.C)Theyoftenhavetoseekjobsoutsidetheacademiccircle.D)Theyareregardedasthenation‟sdrivingforceofchange.57.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutAmerica‟sPh.D.training?A)Itshouldbeimprovedtobettersuitthejobmarket.B)Itiscloselylinkedtofuturecareerrequirements.C)Itshouldbere-orientedtocareersoutsideacademia.D)Itincludesagreatvarietyofpracticalcourses.58.WhatwasrecommendedforPh.D.sandpostdoctoralresearchers?

19A)Theymeettheurgentneedsofthecorporateworld.B)Along-termcareergoalbesetasearlyaspossible.C)AnIDPbemadeinconsultationwithanadviser.D)Theyacquireanexplicittooltohelpobtainjobs.59.GovernmentagenciesandtheprivatesectoroftenuseIDPsto__________.A)bringintofullplaytheskillsandexpertiseoftheirpostdoctoralresearchersB)helpemployeesmakethebestuseoftheirabilitiestoachievetheircareergoalsC)placeemployeesinthemostappropriatepositionsD)hirethemostsuitablecandidatestoworkforthem60.WhatdoweknowaboutmyIDP?A)Itisaneffectivetoolofself-assessmentandintrospectionforbettercareerplans.B)Itenablespeopletolookintovariouspossibilitiesandchoosethecareertheylove.C)Itpromisesalong-termcareerpath.D)Itispartofthegraduatecurricula.PassageTwoeconomics.Self-madebillionairesinBeijing,techinnovatorsinSiliconValley,pioneeringjusticesinGhana—intheseandcountlessotherareas,womenareleavingtheirmark.Butholdtheapplause.InSaudiArabia,womenaren‟tallowedtodrive.InPakistan,1,000womendieinhonorkillingseveryyear.Inthedevelopedworld,womenlagbehindmeninpayandpoliticalpower.ThepovertyrateamongwomenintheU.S.roseto14.5%lastyear.Tomeasurethestateofwomen‟sprogress.Newsweekranked165countries,lookingatfiveareasthataffectwomen‟slives;treatmentunderthelaw,workforceparticipation,politicalpower,andaccesstoeducationandhealthcare.AnalyzingdatafromtheUnitedNationsandtheWorldEconomicForum,amongothers,andconsultingwithexpertsandacademics,wemeasured28factorstocomeupwithourrankings.CountrieswiththehighestscorestendtobeclusteredintheWest,wheregenderdiscriminationisagainstthelaw,andequalrightsareconstitutionallyenshrined(神圣化).Butthereweresomesurprises.Someotherwisehigh-rankingcountrieshadrelativelylowscoresforpoliticalrepresentation.Canadarankedthirdoverallbut26thinpower,behindcountriessuchasCubaandBurundi.Doesthissuggestthatawomaninanation‟stopofficetranslatestobetterlivesforwomeningeneral?Notexactly.“Tryingtoquantifyormeasuretheimpactofwomeninpoliticsishardbecauseinveryfewcountrieshavetherebeenenoughwomeninpoliticstomakea

20difference,”saysAnne-MarieGoetz,peaceandsecurityadviserforU.N.Women.Ofcourse,noindexcanaccountforeverything.Declaringthatonecountryisbetterthananotherinthewaythatittreatsmorethanhalfitscitizensmeansrelyingonbroadstrokesandgeneralities.Somethingssimplycan‟tbemeasured.Andcross-culturalcomparisonscantaccountfordifferenceofopinion.Certainconclusionsarenonethelessclear.Foronething,ourindexbacksupasimplebutprofoundstatementmadebyHillaryClintonattherecentAsia-PacificEconomicCooperationsummit.“Whenweliberatetheeconomicpotentialofwomen,weelevatetheeconomicperformanceofcommunities,nations,andtheworld,”shesaid.“There‟sastimulativeeffectthatkicksinwhenwomenhavegreateraccesstojobsandtheeconomiclivesofourcountries:Greaterpoliticalstability.Fewermilitaryconflicts.Morefood.Moreeducationalopportunityforchildren.Byharnessingtheeconomicpotentialofallwomen,weboostopportunityforallpeople.”注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。61.Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutwomen‟sprogresssofar?A)Itstillleavesmuchtobedesired.B)Itistooremarkabletobemeasured.C)Ithasgreatlychangedwomen‟sfate.D)Itisachievedthroughhardstruggle.62.Inwhatcountrieshavewomenmadethegreatestprogress?A)Wherewomenholdkeypostsingovernment.B)Wherewomen‟srightsareprotectedbylaw.C)Wherewomen‟sparticipationinmanagementishigh.D)Wherewomenenjoybettereducationandhealthcare.63.WhatdoNewsweekrankingsrevealaboutwomeninCanada?A)Theycarelittleaboutpoliticalparticipation.B)Theyaregenerallytreatedasequalsbymen.C)Theyhaveasurprisinglylowsocialstatus.D)Theyareunderrepresentedinpolitics.64.WhatdoesAnne-MarieGoetzthinkofawomanbeinginanation‟stopoffice?A)Itdoesnotnecessarilyraisewomen‟spoliticalawareness.B)Itdoesnotguaranteeabetterlifeforthenation‟swomen.C)Itenhanceswomen‟sstatus.D)Itboostswomen‟sconfidence.65.WhatdoesHillaryClintonsuggestwedotomaketheworldabetterplace?A)Givewomenmorepoliticalpower.B)Stimulatewomen‟screativity.C)Allowwomenaccesstoeducation.D)Tapwomen‟seconomicpotential.PartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChinese

21intoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.中国人自古以来就在中秋时节庆祝丰收。这与北美地区庆祝感恩节的习俗十分相似。过中秋节的习俗于唐代早期在中国各地开始流行。中秋节在农历八月十五，是人们拜月的节日。这天夜晚皓月光空，人们合家团聚，共赏明月。2006年，中秋节被列为中国的文化遗产，2008年又被定为公共假日。月饼被视为中秋节不可或缺的美食。人们将月饼作为礼物馈赠亲友或在家庭聚会上享用。传统的月饼上带有“寿（longevity）”、“福”或“和”等字样。注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。答案1~5ADCBB6~10CDBCA11~15ACCAD16~20ABDBD21~25CDDBA26.abused27.industrial28.extremes29.extinguished30.mysteries31.tearapart32.toxic33.capableof34.manifested35.amultitudeof36~40FLIBK41~45AEHDN46~50GCHFA51~55GDKIJ56~60CACBA61~65ABDBD2013年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第3套）PartIWriting(30minutes)（请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试）Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingontheremarks“Thegreatestuseoflifeistospenditforsomethingthatwilloutlastit.”Youcangiveexamplestoillustrateyourpointandthenexplainwhatyouwilldotomakeyourlifemoremeaningful请用黑色签字笔在答题卡1指定区域内作答作文题，在试题册上的作答无效！PartⅡListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。1.A)Dr.Smith'swaitingroomisn'ttidy.C)Dr.Smithhasleftagoodimpressiononher.B)Dr.SmithenjoysreadingmagazinesD)Dr.Smithmaynotbeagoodchoice.2.A)Themanwillrenttheapartmentwhenitisavailable.B)Themanmadeabargainwiththelandladyovertherent.C)Themaninsistsonhavingalookattheapartmentfirst.D)Themanisnotfullysatisfiedwiththeapartment.3.A)Packinguptogoabroad.C)DrawingupaplanforherEnglishcourse.B)BrushinguponherEnglish.D)ApplyingforavisatotheUnitedStates.4.A)Heisanxioustofindacureforhishighbloodpressure.B)Hedoesn'tthinkhighbloodpressureisaproblemforhim.C)Hewasnotawareofhisillnessuntildiagnosedwithit.D)Hedidnottakethesymptomsofhisillnessseriously.

225.A)ToinvestigatethecausesofAIDS.B)ToraisemoneyforAIDSpatients.C)TorallysupportforAIDSvictimsinAfrica.D)TodrawattentiontothespreadofAIDSinAsia.6.A)Ithasaverylonghistory.B)Itisaprivateinstitution.C)ItwasfoundedbyThomasJefferson.D)Itstressesthecomprehensivestudyofnature.7.A)Theycan'tfitintothemachine.C)Theyweresenttothewrongaddress.B)Theyhavenotbeendeliveredyet.D)Theywerefoundtobeofthewrongtype.8.A)Thefoodservedinthecafeteriausuallylacksvariety.B)Thecafeteriasometimesprovidesrarefoodforthestudents.C)Thestudentsfindtheserviceinthecafeteriasatisfactory.D)Thecafeteriatrieshardtocatertothestudents'needs.Questions9to12arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.9.A)Hepickedupsomeapplesinhisyard.B)Hecutsomebranchesofftheappletree.C)Hequarreledwithhisneighboroverthefence.D)Hecleanedupallthegarbageinthewoman'syard.10.A)Trimtheappletreesinheryard.C)Takethegarbagetothecurbforher.B)Pickuptheapplesthatfellinheryard.D)Removethebranchesfromheryard.11.A)Filealawsuitagainsttheman.C)Havetheman'sappletreecutdown.B)Askthemanforcompensation.D)Throwgarbageintotheman'syard.12.A)Hewasreadytomakeaconcession.C)Hewasnotintimidated.B)Hewasnotpreparedtogotocourt.D)Hewasabitconcerned.Questions13to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.13.A)Badweather.C)Breakdownoftheengines.B)Humanerror.D)Failureofthecommunicationssystem.14.A)Twothousandfeet.C)Twentythousandfeet.B)Twelvethousandfeet.D)Twenty-twothousandfeet.15.A)Accuratecommunicationisofutmostimportance.B)Pilotsshouldbeabletospeakseveralforeignlanguages.C)Aircontrollersshouldkeepaclosewatchontheweather.D)Cooperationbetweenpilotsandaircontrollersisessential.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。PassageOneQuestions16to19arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

2316.A)Hisfathercaughtaseriousdisease.C)Hismotherlefthimtomarryarichbusinessman.B)Hismotherpassedaway.D)Hisfathertooktodrinking.17.A)Hedislikedbeingdisciplined.C)Hecouldn'tpayhisgamblingdebts.B)Hewasexpelledbytheuniversity.D)Heenjoyedworkingforamagazine.18.A)HispoemsareheavilyinfluencedbyFrenchwriters.B)HisstoriesaremainlysetintheStateofVirginia.C)Hisworkisdifficulttoread.D)Hislanguageisnotrefined.19.A)Hegrievedtodeathoverthelossofhiswife.C)Hewasshotdeadattheageof40.B)Hecommittedsuicideforunknownreasons.D)Hediedofheavydrinking.PassageTwoQuestions20to22arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.20.A)Women.C)Manualworkers.B)Prisoners.D)Schoolagechildren.21.A)Hetaughthisstudentshowtopronouncethelettersfirst.B)Hematchedtheletterswiththesoundsfamiliartothelearners.C)Heshowedthelearnershowtocombinethelettersintosimplewords.D)Hedividedthelettersintogroupsaccordingtothewaytheyarewritten.22.A)Itcanhelppeopletobecomeliteratewithinashorttime.B)ItwasoriginallydesignedforteachingtheEnglishlanguage.C)Itenablesthelearnerstomasteralanguagewithinthreemonths.D)ItiseffectiveinteachinganyalphabeticallanguagetoBrazilians.PassageThreeQuestions23to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.23.A)Thecrop'sbloomingperiodisdelayed.C)Thetopsoilisseriouslydamaged.B)Therootsofcropsarecutoff.D)Thegrowthofweedsisaccelerated.24.A)It'sanewwayofapplyingchemicalfertilizer.C)It'sacreativetechniqueforsavinglabor.B)It'sanimprovedmethodofharvestingcrops.D)It'safarmingprocesslimitingtheuseofploughs.25.A)Inareaswithfewweedsandunwantedplants.B)Inareaswithasevereshortageofwater.C)Inareaslackinginchemicalfertilizer.D)Inareasdependentonimportedfood.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

24Adultsaregettingsmarterabouthowsmartbabiesare.Notlongago,researcherslearnedthat4-day-oldcouldunderstand(26)_____andsubtraction.Now,BritishresearchpsychologistGrahamSchaferhasdiscoveredthatinfantscanlearnwordsforuncommonthingslongbeforetheycanspeak.Hefoundthat9-month-oldinfantscouldbetaught,throughrepeatedshow-and-tell,to(27)_____thenamesofobjectsthatwereforeigntothem,aresultthat(28)_____insomewaysthereceivedwisdomthat,apartfromlearningto(29)_____thingscommontotheirdailylives,childrendon'tbegintobuildvocabularyuntilwellintotheirsecondyear."It'sno(30)_____thatchildrenlearnwords,butthewordstheytendtoknowarewordslinkedto(31)_____situationsinthehome,"explainsSchafer."Thisisthefirstdemonstrationthatwecanchoosewhatwordsthechildrenwilllearnandthattheycanrespondtothemwithanunfamiliarvoice(32)_____inanunfamiliarsetting."Figuringouthowhumansacquirelanguagemay(33)_____whysomechildrenlearntoreadandwritelaterthanothers,Schafersays,andcouldleadtobettertreatmentsfordevelopmentalproblems.What'smore,thestudyoflanguage(34)_____offersdirectinsightintohowhumanslearn."Languageisatestcaseforhumancognitivedevelopment,"saysSchafer.Butparentseagertoteachtheirinfantsshouldtakenote:evenwithoutbeingtaughtnewwords,acontrolgroup(35)_____theotherinfantswithinafewmonths."Thisisnotaboutadvancingdevelopment,"hesays."It'sjustaboutwhatchildrencandoatanearlieragethanwhateducatorshaveoftenthought."PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Cellphonesprovideinstantaccesstopeople.Theyarecreatingamajorinthesocialexperiencesofbothchildrenandadolescents.InonerecentU.S.survey,abouthalftheteenspolledsaidthattheircellphonehadtheircommunicationwithfriends.Almostallsaidthattheircellphonewasthewaytheystayedintouchwithpeers,one-thirdhadusedthecellphonetohelpapeerinneed,andabout80%saidthephonemadethemfeelsafer.Teenagersinpartoftheirlives;someweresototheirphonesthattheresearchersconsidereditanaddiction.InJapan,too,researchersareconcernedaboutcellphoneaddiction.ResearchersinonestudyinTokyofoundthatmorethanhalfofjuniorhighschoolstudentsusedtheirphonestoexchangee-mailswithschoolmatesmorethan10timesaday.Cellphonessocialconnectionswithpeersacrosstimeandspace.Theyallowyoungpeopletoexchangemoment-by-momentexperiencesintheirdailyliveswithspecial

25partnersandthustohaveamoresocialtolerancebecausetheyreducechildren'sinteractionswithotherswhoaredifferentfromthem.Inadditiontoconnectingpeers,cellphonesconnectchildrenandparents.ResearchersstudyingteenagersinIsraelconcludedthat,inthatenvironment,mobilephoneswereregardedas"securityobjects"inparent-teenrelationships―importantbecausetheyprovidedthepossibilityofandcommunicationatalltimes.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsmarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.WasteNot,WantNotFeedingthe9Billion:TheTragedyofWaste[A]By2075,theUnitedNations'mid-rangeprojectionforglobalpopulationisabout9.5billion.Thismeansthattherecouldbeanextrathreebillionmouthstofeedbytheendofthecentury,aperiodinwhichsubstantialchangesareanticipatedinthewealth,calorieintakeanddietarypreferencesofpeopleindevelopingcountriesacrosstheworld.Suchaprojectionpresentsmankindwithwide-rangingsocial,economic,environmentalandpoliticalissuesthatneedtobeaddressedtodaytoensureasustainablefutureforall.Onekeyissueishowtoproducemorefoodinaworldoffiniteresources.[B]Today,weproduceaboutfourbillionmetrictonnesoffoodperyear.Yetduetopoorpracticesinharvesting,storageandtransportation,aswellasmarketandconsumerwastage,itisestimatedthat30-50%ofallfoodproducedneverreachesahumanstomach.Furthermore,thisfiguredoesnotreflectthefactthatlargeamountsofland,energy,fertilisersandwaterhavealsobeenlostintheproductionoffoodstuffswhichsimplyendupaswaste.Thislevelofwastageisatragedythatcannotcontinueifwearetosucceedinthechallengeofsustainablymeetingourfuturefooddemands.|