四级作文辅导与背诵

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四级作文辅导与背诵作文辅导与背诵

1写在前面的话作为一种书面形式进行信息交流的手段，写作是建立在阅读的基础上的一种创造性的工作。阅读是输入信息的过程，而写作则是输出信息的过程。因此，要想写好作文，我们首先应该是一个优秀的读者。大量的阅读英语语言材料可以帮助我们扩大视野，获取广泛的知识，久而久之，就增强了我们欣赏、分析和掌握知识和文化背景知识的能力。阅读四级范文则能使我们在短时间内取得理想的效果。在写作能力的训练中，很多专家都提倡模仿。通过阅读背诵范文，分析其结构、表达方式和遣词造句的方法以及写作风格等等，进而模仿范文，用不同的材料来构思自己的文章。这种读、写交替的学习方法对于提高我们的写作能力是非常有必要的。由此，我们搜集了大量的专业材料，组织了相关人员为大家编写了这本小册子，希望大家能够把它充分地利用起来，真正在阅读和模仿的过程中使自己的写作水平得到切实的提高。一、正文写作另外，无论所要写的文章的体裁是议论文、书信还是说明文，或者描述文，都可以采用下面的写作结构：首段综述（引出话题）中间段第一个论点（主题句，依据）；第二个论点（主题句，依据）…末段总结全文，前后呼应一、首段的写作俗话说“良好的开端是成功的一半”。写文章也是同样的道理。对作者来说，一篇文章有一个好的开头，接下来的内容就会得心应手，否则，就难以顺利地写下去。对读者而言，文章开头如果引人入胜，就能激起读者读下去的好奇心和兴趣。以下列举几种四六级写作常用的开篇句型。1.对立法先引出其他人的不同观点，然后提出自己的观点或者自己偏向的观点。对立法适用于有争议的主题，其常用句型有：（1）Whenaskedabout,thevast/overwhelmingmajorityofpeoplesaythat.ButIthink/viewabitdifferentlythat.

2（2）Nowitiscommonly/widelybelievedthat.Theyclaim/believe/arguethat.ButIwonder/doubtwhether.2.现象法引出要剖析的现象或者问题，然后评论，其常用句型有：(1)Recently,theriseintheproblem/phenomenonofhasarousedpublic/popular/wideconcern.(2)Recentlytheissueofhasbeenbroughtintofocus/broughttopublicattention.3.观点法直截了当地提出自己对将要讨论的问题的看法，其常用句型有：（1）Historyneverhasthechangeofasevidentas.Nowhereintheworld/Chinahastheissue/ideaofbeingmorevisible/popularthan.(2)Nowpeopleingrowing/significantnumbersarebeginning/comingtorealize/accept/beawarethat.4.引用法先引出名人名言或有代表性的观点，再引出文章要展开论述的观点，其常用句型有：（1）“”istheremarkmadeby.Ithasbeensharedbymoreandmorepeople.(2)“”Howoftenwehearsuchstatements/wordsasthese.5.比较法通过比较与文章主题相关的观点来引出自己的观点，其常用句型有：（1）Foryears,havebeenviewedas.Butpeoplearetakingafreshlooknow.Withthegrowing,people.(2)Peopleusedtothinkthat.(Inthepast,.)Butnowpeopleshareanewideaof.6.问题法先提出问题，然后用回答引出自己的观点。该方法适用于有争议的话题，其常用句型有：Should/What?Optionsofvarygreatly;some,whileothers.Butinmyopinion,.二、中间段的写作

3段落的展开需要先确定一个论点，并以主题句的形式表达出来；接着选择有助于阐述论点的论据，并一一指出；最后把这些论据按一定的顺序排列起来。一下介绍几种中间段的写作方法。1.列举法通过列举一系列论据，对论点进行多方面的陈述或解释。列举的顺序可以按照所列各点内容的重要性、时间顺序或空间层次等确定。如：YesterdaywasoneofthoseawfuldaysformewheneverythingIdidwentwrong.First,Ididn’thearmyalarmclockandarrivedlateforwork.Then,Ididn’treadmymemoproperlyandforgetanimportantmeetingwithmyboss.Atlunchtime,Ileftmypurseonabusandlostallthemoneyinit.围绕本段主题句中的关键词组everythingIdidwentwrong.作者列举了三点内容，分别由first,then,atlunchtime引出，使文章条理清楚、脉络分明、内容连贯。2.举例法通过举出具体事例阐述或说明论点（主题句）的内容。它与列举法的区别在于列举法侧重罗列事实，所列事实力求全面；而举例法侧重通过举出典型事例来解释观点，所举的事例可多可少。如：Therearemanydifferentformsofexercisestosuitdifferenttastes.Forexample,thosewhoenjoycompetitivesportsmattakeupballgames.Andiftheyprefertoexercisealone,theycanhavearunortakeawalkinthemorningorintheevening.Besides,peoplecangoswimminginthesummerandgoskatinginthewinter.本段采用了三个事例来说明主题句的关键词组differentformsofexercises,这三个例子分别由连接词forexample,and,和besides引出。3.对比法（比较法）将同类事物按照某种特定的规则进行比较分析是一种常用的写作方法。通过对比，可以相对容易地阐述所述对象之间的异同和优缺点。如：Theheartofanelectroniccomputerliesinitscacuumtubes.Itselectroniccircuitsworkathousandtimesfasterthanthenicercellsinthehumanbrain.Aproblemthatmighttakemanalongtimetosolvedbyacomputerinoneminute.本段为了突出电子计算机运行速度之快，先将其与人脑进行比较，然后又将这一概念具体到了aproblem,通过alongtime和inoneminute的对比，使读者得到更直观的认识。4.因果分析法

4用分析某种观点的原因的方法来阐述自己的观点，如：Theroleofwomenintoday’ssocietyischanging.Onereasonisthatwomenhavebeguntoassertthemselvesasindependentpeoplethroughthewomen’smovement.Anotherreasonisthatanincreasingnumberofwomenwhoenternewfieldsandinterestsserveasrolemodelsforotherwomen.本段中，主题句提出了一种社会现象，扩展句则对这种现象的产生原因做出解释。当然，在实际的写作过程中，考生应该综合运用多种写作方法，使文章层次分明，更有深度和可读性。三、末端的写作结尾的作用是概括全文内容，进一步强调文章的中心思想，加深读者的印象；有时也可展望未来，提出解决方案或令人深思的问题，给读者留下回味和思考的余地。所以，文章的结尾也很重要，好的结尾可以增添文章的说服力，起到画龙点睛的作用。以下列举四级写作常用的几种结尾方法。1.结论法以文章前面的论述为依据，引出或重申文章的中心思想及观点，其常用句型为：（1）Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemaysafelydrawtheconclusionthat.(2)Insummery/Inaword,itismorevaluablethat.2.建议法对所讨论的问题提出建议性的意见，包括解决问题的具体方法，其常用句型为：（1）Whileitcannotbesolvedimmediately,stillthereareways.Themostpopularis.Anothermethodis.Stillanotheroneis.(2)Awareness/Recognitionoftheproblemisthefirststeptowardthesituation.3.方向性结尾法它与建议法的唯一差别就是对问题的解决提出总的方向或者指明前景，其常用句型为：（1）Manysolutionsarebeingofferedhere,allofwhichmakesomesense,butnoneisadequateenough.Theproblemshouldberecognizedinawideway.(2)Thereisnoquickmethodtotheissueof,butmightbehelpful/beneficial4.意义性结尾法文章的结尾从更高的、更新的角度指出所讨论的问题的重要性及其意义，其常用句型为：（1）Followingthesesuggestionsmaynotguaranteethesuccess,butthepayoutmightbeworth

5theeffort.Itwillnotonlybenefitbutalso.(2)Inanycase,whetheritispositiveornagative,onethingiscertainthatitwillundoubtedly.总之，文章的开头和结尾若能形成呼应，就会大大增强文章的逻辑性和条理性，考生应该在平时的练习中多加注意。二、写作提纲思维训练好的作文除了要有好的框架，还要有好的提纲来填充内容，为此，我们专门开辟此专区供考生练习草拟作文提纲。考生不必写出完整论文，应在审好题的基础上着重练习草拟提纲的能力（特别是提出论点的能力）。每个练习的草拟提纲的时间最好控制在3分钟之内。练习一：IsLovetheMostImportantElementforMarriage?正论：驳论：练习二：IsItGoodtoLiveinaLargeModernCity?正论：驳论：参考答案：注：编者对两个练习的正反面均给出了10个论点，希望考生举一反三。练习一正论：1.Marriageistheresultandextensionoflove.Therefore,loveisthemostimportantconditionformarriage.2.Loveshouldbethemostimportantconditionformarriagebecausethemarriagewithoutloveislikeahell,inwhichthecouplessufferfortherestoftheirlives.3.Lovecanenablethecoupletoconqueranydifficultiesintheirlivestogether.4.Inthefeudalsociety,manypeoplesufferedfromarrangedmarriagesbecauselovewasneveranelementforconsiderationinamarriageatthattime.5.Lovecanleadtothehealthypsychologicaldevelopmentofthecouple.6.Marriagesbasedonlovewillbringbeautifulandintelligentchildren.7.Marriagesbasedonlovetendtocreateahappyandharmoniousatmosphereinthefamilywhich

6isgoodforthedevelopmentofchildren.8.Ahappymarriagehelpstoachievemoreinone’scareer.9.Themarriagewithoutloveisworsethanbeingsingle.10.Marriageswithoutlovearemostlikelytoendindivorce,whichcreatesmanysocialproblems.驳论：1.Loveisnotthemostimportantaspectformarriagebecauseloveisromanticwhereasmarriageispractical.2.Lackofmoneyinamarriagemightbringtroubleandchronicquarreling.3.Educationisthemostimportantconditionforagoodmarriagebecausecoupleswhoseeducationallevelsdonotmatcharenotlikelytohavemuchincommon.4.Amarriagebasedonlovealonewillnotlastlong,forasenseofresponsibilityismostessentialtoasuccessfulmarriage.5.Ageisaveryimportantconditionforahappymarriagebecause,ifthecouplesbelongtodifferentagegroups,theytendtohavedifferentinterestsandfindithardtounderstandeachother.6.Loveisnotthemostimportantaspectforahappymarriagebecause,whenthechoiceiscarefullyandwiselymade,it’susuallyagoodone.7.Healthisaveryimportantconditionforagoodmarriage.Ifeitherpartofamarriagesuffersfrompoorhealth,thenhappinessisimpaired.8.Asthesayinggoes,“Loveblindsamantoallimperfections.”Soamarriagebasedonlovealoneisonlyabetforhappiness.9.Parentalapprovalisimportantformarriagebecauseitcreatesunityinafamily.Moreover,theexperienceofparentscanoftencorrectandrestraintheheadstronganddistortedchoicesofinexperiencedyouths.10.Loveisnotthemostimportantconditionforasuccessfulmarriage.Itrequiresthecombinationofmanyaspects,allofwhichareimportant.练习二正论：1.Mostpeoplelovecitiesandmanyareflockingtherefromthecountry.2.Citypeoplesometimesearnmorethancountrypeople.3.Itisenoughtovisitthecountrysideatweekends.4.Commutingdoesnotreallyaffectthosewholiveincities;itisonlyasmallinconvenience.5.Peopleeasilyadaptthemselvestocitypeople;noiseandtrafficarehardlynoticeable.6.Therearemanyreasonswhycitylifeispreferable;therearemoreplacesforentertainments,andetc.7.Therearebetterschoolsandservicesinbigcities.8.Therearemorechancesofemployment.Therangeofjobsisgreaterandthepayishigher.9.Therearemoreopportunitiestosucceedinlife.10.Theeducationallevelishigher;itisbetterplaceforchildren.驳论：1.Largemoderncitiesaretoobigtomanage.2.Commutingstretchesman’sresourcestotheutmost.3.City-dwellersadoptawhollyunnaturalwayoflife.Theylosetouchwiththelandandthenature.Theyarebarelyconsciousofflowersandleaves,andthechangesofseasonbecomeirrelevant

7totheirlives.4.Rentsarehigh;buyingahouseisimpossibleforaveragepeople.5.Citiesbreedcrimeandviolence;housesareoftenburgled.6.Tensioningbigcitiesshortenspeople’slives.7.Peoplelosetoomuchtimeincommutingtoandfromwork.8.Inbigcitiestherearenotenoughpublictoilets.9.Pollutioninbigcitiesisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.10.Citypeoplearenotaswarm-heartedandfriendlyascountrypeople.三、段落展开常用句式（1）表明作者立场Inmyopinion,itismoreacceptable/advisableto…thanto…Asopposedtowidelyheldbelief,Ithinkthat…Icannotentirelyagreewiththeopinionthat…Ibelieve…Formypart…Somepeoplesaythat…,whichsuggeststhat…ButIcannotsharethispointofviewforseveralreasons.Somepeoplethinkthat…Tobefrank,Icannotagreewiththeiropinionforthereasonsbelow.(2)分析原因，结果，影响Whydid…?Foronething…foranother…Thecontroversyconcerningthisprobleminvolvesseveralcomplicatedfactors.Foronething,…Foranother…Thechangeischieflycausedbythefactthat…Anumberoffactorsarouse/triggerthechangein…Threefactorscouldaccountfor/contributeto/leadto/resultintheincreasein…Thereareseveralcausesofthissignificantgrowthin…Iquiteagreewiththestatementthat…Thereasonsarechieflyasfollows.Thereiseveryreasonforustoresistthat…Itmaygiverisetoahostofproblems.Itposesagreatthreatto…

8（3）提出解决办法Thereareanumberofpointsweshouldbearinmindwhenconsideringhowto…First,…Second,…Third,…Finally,…Afterconsideringtheproblemcarefully,thescientistsconcludedthatthebestwaytodoistodo…Herearesomesuggestionsforhandling…Peoplehavefiguredoutmanywaystosolvethisproblem.(4)反驳错误观点Thoughthemajorityofpeoplefeelthat…,thereisnoevidencethat…Althoughitiswidelyaccepted/generallyagreedthat…,itisunlikelytobetruethat…Butthereisnoreasontobelievethat…Thereissomethinginthesearguments,buttheyignoreabasicfactthat…Peopletendtoclingtotheoldopinionthat…Yet…Themainproblemwiththisviewisthatitisignoreofthebasicfact…(5)进行对比对照TheadvantageofAcarrymoreweightthanthoseofB.GoodasAis,ithasitsowndisadvantages.Foronething,it…Foranother,it…(6)举例说明Take…forexample…Thereiseveryproofthat…Agoodcaseinpointis…Asanillustration,wemaytake…四、写作锦囊第一节遣词造句的方法（一）遣词法一、如何用词1.准确贴切

9准确贴切是选词的基本要求。词汇本身没有优劣之分，要做到选词准确贴切，就要区分词汇的语体色彩，感情色彩，准确地辨析和选用同义词，近义词。假设你要写一封信，请求学校给自己邮寄申请表，请比较下列①和②用那个词准确？①Iwouldbegladifyoucouldsendmeanapplicationform.②Iwouldbegratefulifyousendmeanapplicationform.例选②词准确。因为这是一封请求信，语言要求正式，grateful为正式用语，glad为口语用语，所以要用grateful代替glad表示感激。不同文体的文章对词语的语体色彩有着不同的要求。可分为正式，一般和口语的三类。大学英语四，六级考试的短文写作就采用一般用语。选词时同样也要注意词汇的感情色彩。如big,large,great都含有“大”的意思，如“一座大城市”可有三种表达方式，但意义不同。abigcity为一般性通俗说法，alargecity较为正式，而agreatcity含有浓厚的感情色彩。选词时要注意这种区分。还要学会准确的选用同义词。同义词，近义词往往只是一定意义上的意义相近，不是完全对等。如job,occupation,profession,position,career,trade都是“工作”，“职业”的意思，但在实际应用中有明显的区别。job指的是人用以谋生的手段或某种具体的工作。occupation和job相似，主要用于正式文体中。profession指的是受过高等教育和专门训练的人的职业，如律师，教师，医生等。post/position是某人在某公司或机构里的职位，它意味着很多责任，主要用于正式文体。career指的是工作生涯，是人一生都在从事的一系列的工作。trade是手艺活。2.简洁在词汇的选择上，我们力求简洁。有的文章中，作者费尽心思使用虚浮用语，旨在显示英语功底，但殊不知，如此一来反而弄巧成拙，妨碍了与读者之间清楚明了的交流。但同时要提及的是，我们说的简洁并非简单，在写作中也要避免同一词汇的简单重复。试比较下面虚浮用语与简洁明了用语之间的区别虚浮用语简洁用语thinkovercarefullythinkoverreturnbackreturncombinetogethercombineplaygroundareaplaygroundthisisaslightpossibilitythatpossibly

10fewinnumberfewfunctionalityfunctionsmallinsizesmall3.搭配合理和汉语一样，英语中有些词只能与某些词同现，这就是词的搭配。如：MarywonJaneinthespeechcontest.此句中的won应改为beat。win和beat都可译为“赢了”。“赢了一场比赛”时应该用win,但“赢了某人”则应用beat。再如，“看”这个词可以和很多名词搭配，我们可以说：看电影，看电视，看戏，看图片，看报纸，看病等。汉语都用看，而英语就用gotothemovie,watchTV,seeaplay,lookatthepicture,readnewspapers,seeadoctor.二、如何制造亮点词语1选用具体的词和具有一般含义的词汇相比，具体词汇能够使语言表达更加准确，形象和生动。比如，goodfood和tasty/delicious/freshfood相比，显然，后面的具体词汇更富有表现力。因此，考生在进行写作训练时，要有意识的选用比较具体的词汇，增强语言的表现力，为文章增加亮点。如：原句：Noonesawthebankbeingbrokeninto.优化：Noonewitnessedthebankbeingbrokeninto.原句：Sometimeswomenarestillmadeunabletohaveequalrightsinmodernsociety.优化：Sometimeswomenarestilldeniedequalrightsinmodernsociety.2.恰当使用限定词限定词的使用能使论述更加客观，适度，避免观点的绝对化，提高说服力和可信度。写作中常见的限定词有：may,maybe,perhaps,probably,mainly,generally,commonly,personally,comparatively,typically,usually,sometimes,often,most,mostly,nearly,almost,notnecessarily,ingeneral,atleast,atmost,mayaswell,ifpossible,hadbetter,tosomeextent,tosomedegree,moreoftenthannot,forthemostpart等。如：原句：Idon’tagreewiththefirstargument.优化：Idon’tagreewiththefirstargumenttosomeextent.

11原句：Thefirstappearancewilldeterminetheapplicant’sfate.优化：Thefirstappearancemoreoftenthannotwilldeterminetheapplicant’sfate.3.注意区分近义词由于英语词义范畴非常广泛，即便是近义词或同义词也只是某种程度上的近似，不是完全对等。这就需要考生在选词时注意。如：原句：Sotherearisestheproblem:Willelectronicbooksreplacetraditionalbooks?(指“实际存在的问题”或“需要解决的现实问题”，不符合此处语境)优化：Sotherearisesthequestion:Willelectronicbooksreplacetraditionalbooks?(指“可获得解释或回答的问题”)。4.学会使用动态动词动态动词往往比be,therebe,make，need等静态动词更有活力，可以达到更好的写作效果。如：原句：Pleasetryourbesttohelpthisgirl,helphertopassthemostdifficultperiodinlife,andmakeherfinancialburdenlessandless.优化：Pleasetryourbesttohelpthisgirl,helphertopassthemostdifficultperiodinlife,andrelieveherfinancialburden.原句：Eachday,wecanseetherearealotoffoodsinthegarbagecans.优化：Eachday,wecanseemanystudentsdumpfoodsinthegarbagecans.5.学会活用不同的词性如：原句：Environmentpollutionwillmakeitimpossibleforhumanbeingstosurviveontheearth.优化：Environmentpollutionwilldeprivehumanbeingsofthepossibilitiestosurviveontheearth.6.学会使用介词短语如：原句：Piratedproductsoftencostmuchlessthantheoriginalones,sotheyenjoyunbeatableadvantageinpricethoughtheirqualityisrelativelypoor.优化：Piratedproductsoftencostmuchlessthantheoriginalones,sotheyenjoyunbeatableadvantageinpricedespitetheirrelativelypoorquality.三、词汇使用常见错误1词性误用

12词性错误是阅卷老师最容易看见的错误，用错词性也会是阅卷老师认为你语言基础不扎实的最重要依据。我们来看两个例子：（1）Oneshouldbreathdeeplyandgetthefullbenefitofeverybreathe.(误)Oneshouldbreathedeeplyandgetthefullbenefitofeverybreath.(正)breath和breathe都表示“呼吸”，但前者是名词，后者是动词。（2）Bowlingisanindoorsgame.(误)Bowlingisanindoorgame.(正)Indoor是形容词，而indoors是副词。类似用法的词还有outdoor与outdoors。2.动词误用常见的动词使用错误如下：动词第三人称忘加“s”能反映出英语基本功的薄弱动词时态的误用动词时态错误可以分为两类：一类是动词时态错误：如：Hecatchacoldlastweek.其中的catch就是时态错误第二类是动词时态形式的错误。如：Hecatchedacoldlastweek.其中的catched就是动词形式的错误。catch的正确过去式为caught.(3)动词及物与不及物的误用:根据后面是否带宾语，行为动词又可分为及物动词和不及物动词，及物动词后面要跟宾语，不及物动词不能直接跟宾语。Thetrafficaccidentwastakenplaceatthejunctionoftwohighways.(误)Thetrafficaccidenttookplaceatthejunctionoftwohighways.（正）Becauseofhisexcellentperformance,thebossrosehissalary.(误)Becauseofhisexcellentperformance,thebossraisedhissalary.（正）(4)延续性动词和非延续性动词的误用根据动作是否延续，行为动词又分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。如rain,live,work,learn等是延续性动词，go,come,leave,start,arrive,join,finish,end等是非延续性动词。注：非延续性动词在肯定句中通常不与表示时间段的for短语连用。如：

13Hehaslefthereforthreedays.（误）Hehasbeenawayfromhereforthreedays.（正）Heleftherethreedaysago.（正）It’sthreedayssinceheleft.（正）3非谓语动词误用非谓语动词分为三类：不定式，动名词和分词。其中分词又分为现在分词和过去分词。动名词与动词不定式的用法区别有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式在含义上有区别，应当学会正确使用。如remembertodo记得要去做某事，rememberdoing记得做过某事等。另外，在有些短语中“to”是介词，后面只能跟名词或动名词，如devoteoneselfto,getdownto,leadto,objectto等。这些用法在写作中很容易出错，要多加注意。如：Shehasdevotedallherenergytodevelophercountry.(误)Shehasdevotedallherenergytodevelopinghercountry.（正）Iamusedtowalkhome.(误)Iamusedtowalkinghome.（正）(2)现在分词和过去分词的区别做表语：如exciting/moving/frightening…表示“令人……”,而excited/moved/frightened…等表示“人感觉……”作定语：现在分词做定语表示主动，进行，过去分词作定语表示被动和完成，但不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成，不表示被动。做状语：分词（短语）作状语时，常位于句首（也可以位于句末），并用逗号隔开。用现在分词还是过去分词，一要看分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间的主被动关系；二要看分词所表示的动作与谓语动词之间的时间先后关系。做宾补：用现在分词表示两者存在主动关系和动作正在进行（有时表示动作一直持续）；用过去分词表示存在被动关系。能用现在分词做宾补的动词常见的有：see,hear,watch,notice,find,feel,smell以及keep,set,leave等，现在分词强调动作正在进行或一直持续。非谓语动词的时态，语态的正确运用4搭配错误搭配错误是学生在写作中最容易出现的错误之一。语法搭配错误。如：

14Ourmeetingfocusesatthequestionofwomen’sright.(误)Ourmeetingfocusesonthequestionofwomen’sright.(正)Iaskedhertoabidebymeawhilelonger.(误)Iaskedhertoabidewithmeawhilelonger.(正)(2)固定习语搭配错误。如：Iamhungry,Icaneatanox.(误)Iamhungry,Icaneatahorse.(正)Sheshedcattearswhensheheardofhisfailure.(误)Sheshedcrocodiletearswhensheheardofhisfailure.(正)Ihadtocyclehomeintherainandcameinlookinglikeadrownedchicken.(误)Ihadtocyclehomeintherainandcameinlookinglikeadrownedrat.(正)(3)词汇搭配错误如：Thefinishinglineiswaitingforme.句中应把iswaitingfor改成isawaiting.因为wait的主语必须是人，而await的主语可以是物。（二）造句法一造句四原则：1完整性：一个好的句子必须是表达完整意义的结构形式。通常必须具备两个基本条件：1）能够表达啊一个完整的意思2）至少包括主语和谓语两个部分（祈使句除外）。如果将句子的某一部分当作一个完整的句子，如将从句，同位语，短语当作句子，或者将现在分词，过去分词，动名词，不定式当作谓语，或者句中缺少主语或谓语就会导致非完整句。试比较：不完整：Whiletheyalwaystrytoavoidthenumberof4foritsconnectionwithdeathinChinesepronunciation.完整句：However,theyalwaystrytoavoidthenumberof4foritsconnectionwithdeathinChinesepronunciation.不完整：Howtowriteacomposition.完整句：Howtowriteacompositionisnotaneasythingtotalkabout.

15不完整：Iftheweatherwerefine.完整句：Ifitwerefine,wewouldhaveagoodtime.2一致性一个好的句子必须是只表示一个完整的中心思想的句子，具有其一致性。它不包含与此中心思想无关的部分。而且，句子的各部分之间的关系必须是清楚而又符合逻辑的。3.连贯性一个好的句子必须具有连贯性。句子的连贯性指的是句子中各成分之间的关系明白清楚，富有条理。句子的不连贯表现为句子结构不平衡，指代模糊，时态，语态，人称和数混乱等。如：原句：Notsomanyyearsagointhiscity,oneoftheriverswassopollutedthatthereisnolivingfishinit.优化句：Notsomanyyearsagointhiscity,oneoftheriverswassopollutedthattherewasnofishlivinginit.原句：Weknowthatviolentcrimeisincreasing,andyoualsoknowmanyincidentsgounreported.优化句：Weknowthatviolentcrimeisincreasing,andwealsoknowmanyincidentsgounreported.4.多样性好的句子必须具有多样性。句子的多样性指的是表达同一种意义时，可以使用各种变化的方式和句型。我们在写作中如果能够成功地交叉使用长句，短句，简单句，复合句，并列句等不同句型，并达到形式和内容的统一，必定会让人觉得文章内容丰富，语言生动有力。二组句技巧及长短句的搭配句子表达要简洁，长短句要结合。少用问句，尽量不使用感叹句和祈使句。用词要多样。如何合理搭配长短句？在实际写作中，一味的采用长句或短句都是不可取的，长短句应交替使用。英语的句子主要可分为简单句，并列句和复合句三种。一般来说，写作中是以简单句为基础，配以适当的并列句和复合句。简单句也可长可短，一般会加些附属成分，如分词短语，不定式短语，介词短语和副词短语等。1长句的用法

16长句含有许多修饰语，适合表达准确复杂的思想，解释观点或理论，描写细致的事物。写作时，考生要注意前后句子之间是否存在联系，善于发现简单句之间的关联，用恰当的连接词将简单句连接起来，组成准确地道的复杂长句，增加文章的气势。如：原句:Liesdoharmtothosewhoarebeingtold.Liesalsodoharmtothosewhotellthem.优化：Liesnotonlydoharmtothosewhoarebeingtold,butalsodoharmtothosewhotellthem.原句：Naturalresourcesareverylimited.Theywillbeexhaustedinthenearfuture.Itisnottrue.Butitbecomesamajorconcernaroundtheworld.Thisisawidelyacceptedfact.优化：Itiswidelyacceptedfactthatthereisamajorconcernaroundtheworldfortheexhaustionoflimitednaturalresourcesinthenearfuture,thoughitisunlikelytobetrue.2短句的用法长句固然能表达出复杂而缜密的思想，但如果片面追求复杂句式，华而不实，反而成为表达的累赘。因此，写作中句子的长短应根据表达的需要，有话则长，无话则短。短句比较简洁，明快，有力适合陈述重要的事实或想法。短句不仅指句子长度较短，也指句子内部结构精炼。如：原句：Manyautomobilepartsthataremadeofplasticandothersyntheticmaterialsdonotlastlong.优化：Manyautomobilepartsmadeofplasticandothersyntheticmaterialsdonotlastlong.原句：Hedidn’thaveenoughexperience,whichisthereasonwhyhedidn’tdotheworkwell.优化：Hedidn’tdotheworkwellforlackofexperience.三如何制造亮点句式：一篇文章如果反复使用同一句式，就会显得单调无味，毫无生气，因此写作时一定要注意句式变换。1倒装句和强调句：倒装句：如：原句：Byreadingwidely,hecanreallymakeremarkableachievementsinhisstudy.优化：Onlybyreadingwidelycanhereallymakeremarkableachievementsinhisstudy.强调句：原句：Nothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadreallymatters.

17优化：Itisnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadthatmatters.2含有插入语的句子插入语是一种独立成分，通常由一个词，一个短语或一个句子构成，常置于句首，句中或句末，一般用逗号或破折号与句子隔开。有时表达说话者的态度和看法，有时起强调作用，有时是为了引起对方注意，有时起转移话题或说明事由的作用，有时还可以承上启下，使句子衔接更加紧密。写作中常用的插入语包括：indeed,surely,however,true,funny,mostimportantofall,worsestill,inaword,inshort,inone’sopinion,strictlyspeaking,generallyconsidering,tobesure,tosumup,Iamsure,Ibelieve,yousee,What’smore,what’sworse…如：原句：Ithinkthatcomputergamescanalsodosomegoodtoyoungpeople.优化：Computergames,inmyopinion,canalsodosomegoodtoyoungpeople.3.含有平行结构的句子。平行结构指的是将结构相同或相似，意义并重，语气一致的语言成分并行排列的一种修辞手法。这种结构层次清晰，语义顺畅，能够起到加强语气，增强表达效果的作用。如：原句：Thisphenomenon,inmyopinion,hasupgradedthequalityofpeople’slife.Andithasalsoimprovedthevalueofconsumptionofourmodernsociety.优化：Thisphenomenon,inmyopinion,hasnotonlyupgradedthequalityofpeople’slifebutalsoimprovedthevalueofconsumptionofourmodernsociety.原句：Manypeoplegetupearlytojogalongcountrylanes,orinordertoobservethewonderofnature.Andsomealsojustwatchthesunrise.优化：：Manypeoplegetupearlytojogalongcountrylanes,toobservethewonderofnatureorjusttowatchthesunrise.4含有非谓语动词的句子非谓语动词包括：动词不定式，动名词，现在分词和过去分词。使用非谓语动词可以用较少的词表达同等甚至更加丰富的信息，使句子结构紧凑，逻辑严谨。如：原句：Itmustberealizedthatpeopleshouldbecautiouswhentheydecidewhichbookstheyshouldchoosetoreadsinceiftheyreadbadbooks,itwillbetime-wastingandharmful.优化：Itmustberealizedthatpeopleshouldbecautiouswhendecidingwhichbookstoreadsincereadingbadbooksistime-wastingandharmful.原句：Becauseoneofmyparentsislaidoff,myfamilycan’tpossiblyaffordallmyexpenses

18atcollege.优化：Withoneofmyparentsbeinglaidoff,myfamilycan’tpossiblyaffordallmyexpensesatcollege.5.含有谚语格言的句子如果能在作文中恰当地引用1～2句谚语格言，将会增加作文的表现力。不要引用过于生僻或自己不太熟悉的，否则引用不当，反而会适得其反。一般来说，引用不是越多越好，一般一篇作文一句就够了，最多不要超过两句。如：原句：Doingpart-timejobshasitsdisadvantages.优化：Everycoinhastwosides.Sodoesdoingpart-timejobs.原句：Lastbutnottheleast,youneedanintenseinterestinlearningEnglish.优化：Lastbutnottheleast,youneedanintenseinterestinlearningEnglishsince“interestisthebestteacher”.四、常用表达的误用（1）关于accordingto…和insb.’sopinion(误)AccordingtoHenry’sopinion,lessmoneyshouldbespentonweapons.(正)InHenry’sopinion,lessmoneyshouldbespentonweapons.(正)AccordingtoHenry,lessmoneyshouldbespentonweapons.注意：要么用accordingto…，要么用insb.’sopinion，但不能交叉在一起使用。关于Frommypointofview和Inmyopinion(误)Frommypointofview,thewarislikelytocontinue.(正)Inmyopinion,thewarislikelytocontinue.From…pointofview用来表示从某个具体特殊的角度去看，去判断。如：Fromthegovernmentpointofview,aJuneelectionwouldmakeverygoodsense.Fromafinancialpointofview,theproposalhasmanyadvantages.但是，如果引用自己的意见或看法，应该用inmyopinion.关于verymuch(误)IenjoyedverymuchmystayintheUSA.(正)IenjoyedmystayintheUSAverymuch.

19五、连接词的运用表示举例：forexample,forinstance,suchas,take…forexample,acaseinpoint,take…asanillustration,toillustrate,namely,inotherwords,thatis,especially,inparticular表示列举：first(ly),second(ly),third(ly);tobeginwith;foronething,foranother;ontheonehand,ontheotherhand;inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace表示递进：moreover,furthermore,what’smore,inaddition,besides,also,next.表示因果：so,consequently,asaresult,since,therefore,accordingly,because(of),thanksto,dueto,owingto,forthisreason,hence,thus,onaccountof,onthataccount,onthegroundsof,therefore表示总结和结论：ingeneral,generallyspeaking,infact,ineffect,atlast,finally,inaword,inconclusion,inshort,inbrief,onthewhole,allinall,insummary,tosumup,toconclude,inmyopinion,asfarasIamconcerned,inmyview,inmyviewpoint,asforme,tosomeextent,inaway表示条件：if,provided,providedthat,grantedthat,unless,ofcourse,tobesure表示让步：although,eventhough,evenif,however,nevertheless,yet,inspiteof,despite,admittedly,afterall,still表示对比或转折：but,however,otherwise,incontrast,bycontrast,onthecontrary,similarly,likewise,like,conversely,ratherthan,instead,ontheotherhand,equally(important),nevertheless,yet,unlike,still,inthesameway,comparedwith,comparedto表示时间顺序：atthepresenttime,atthesametime,presently,soon,beforehand,induetime,atthispoint,untilnow,later,meanwhile,once,afterwards,attimes,soonerorlater,uptothepresenttime,then,during,eventually,atlast,finally,currently表示空间顺序：nearby,oppositeto,totheleft/right,inthemiddle,adjacentto,nextto,across,alongside,infrontof,atthispoint表示强调：anyway,especially,evenworse,particularly,obviously,aboveall,nodoubt,indeed,tobesure,surely,moreoftenthannot,unquestionably,infact,asamatteroffact,actually,mostimportantofall,afterall

20六、图表作文精选句型开头常用句型：Accordingtothefiguresgiveninthetable…Thetable/linechartshows/indicatesthat…Thechartshowsthereisadeclining/increasingtrendof…from…Ascanbeseenfromthechart,…Asisshowninthetable,…Thetablesuggeststhat…Allthesedataclearlyprovethefactthat…Fromthestatisticsgivenintable,weestimatethat…表示上升，增长趋势的句型：Therewasaslight/slow/steadyrise/increasein…Therewasasharp/rapid/jump/boomin…Comparedwith…,itstillincreasedby…表示下降，减少趋势的句型：Theoutput…decreased/declined/wasreducedslowlyin…Thetemperature/price…wentdown/dropped/dramatically/rapidlyin…Therewasarapid/dramaticdecrease/declinein…Therewasagradualdeclinein…Therewasasteadyreduction/fallin…表示先上升后下降的句型：…increasedslowlyduring…and…,butfellsharplyin…Asteadyfallin…during…followedthesharpincreasein…表示先下降后上升的句型：…fellbefore…begantomakearecovery……droppedduring…butincreasedagainin…Therewasadropin…,andthencameasharpriseinthefollowingyears.表示持平趋向的句型：Theprice/rate/ratio…remainedthesame/wasstable/wassteady…表示波动趋向的句型：

21Theprice/rate/ratio…wentupanddown/roseandfelldramatically/sharply/slightlyduring/over表示百分比关系的句型：Theoutput/population…constitutes/accountsfor/takesuppercentageofthetotal…表示倍数关系的句型：Thefigure…increasedmorethansixtimescomparedwith…Thenumber…droppedalmosttwicecomparedwith…Thepercentage…decreasedabouttwoandahalftimescomparedwith…Thepercentage…istwiceasmuchasthatof2003七、实用句型（一）关于利弊、优缺点的句型：1.S+have(orhas)alotofadvantagesover…(与…相比有许多优点)ComparedwithB,Ahas(orhave)manyadvantages.译：1）英语好是她的长处。ShehastheadvantageofgoodEnglish.2.beofgreatbenefittosb./sth.(对…有益)3.…benefitsb./sth.(对…有好处)benefitfromsth.(由于…而受益)4.…do(alotof)goodtosb.(对…有许多好处)…begoodforsb./sth.(对…有益)…dodamagetosth.(对…造成损坏)5.…beas(notso)goodas…,Whathedoesisnotsogoodaswhathesays.6.…notsomuch…as…(与其说…,不如说….)7.Itbenefitsusinmanyways/respects.8.Doingsth.isbeneficialto…9.While…hassomanyadvantages,weshouldnotignoretheproblemsitbringsus.10.Justasacoinhastwosides,everythinghasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.（二）说明原因的句型：1.Therearetwo/some/manygoodreasonsfor…/to…【Example】Therearetworeasonsforthechangesinpeople’slivingconditions.First,wehavebeencarryingoutanopeningandreformpolicy.Second,ournationaleconomyisdevelopingrapidlyandthebirthratehasbeenputundercontrol.2.Wehavetwogoodreasonsfor…【Example】Wehavemanygoodreasonstoobjecttosmokinginpublicplaces.3.Thereasonfor…isthat+【Example】ThereasonformybeinglatewasthatImissedthebus.4.Severalfactorsareresponsibleforthephenomenon.

225.Theiropinionisbasedonthefactthat…6.Thosewhoareinfavorofthe…believethat…7.These/Thefollowingaremyreasonsformychoice.（三）表示不同看法的句型：1.Differentpeoplehold/havedifferentopinions/viewsonthisquestion/problem/matter.Somebelievethat…Othersarguethat…Stillothersmaintainthat…2.Theyarequitedifferentfromeachotherintheiropinions.3.Somepeopleholdtheopinionthatitisgoodtohaveasmallfamily.4.Theythinkquitedifferentlyonthisquestion.5.Whichopinionisright/morereasonable?I’minclinedtoacceptthelatter/thesecondview.6.Myopinionisthatthereissomethinginbothoftheviews.7.Withregardtothequestion,Ithinkacorrectattitudeis(that)…8.Inmyopinion,whetheritisgoodorbaddependsonhowwelookatit.【Example】Parentsandchildrenthinkdifferentlyonthisquestion.Parentsholdthatchildrenshouldworkhardanddowellatschool.Children,however,maintainthattheyshouldhavemorefreedomtospendtheirleisuretimeandtoplanfortheirownfuture.（四）表示措施、办法、怎样做打算：1.Weshouldtakeeffective/drasticmeasurestostop/prevent/protect…2.Facedwithsuchasituation,whatshallwedo?3.Whatshouldwedotosolvetheproblem?4.Perhapsthebestchoiceisthecombinationofthetwo…5.Thereareseveralwaystocopewiththeproblem.6.thegovernmentshouldmakestrictregulations/lawstobansuchpractice/tostopthisphenomenonfromspreading.7.It’surgentforustodosomethingaboutthis.8.Weshouldsparenoeffort/tryeverymeansto…（五）常用谚语（在议论文中）1.Asapopularsayinggoes,“Everycoinhastwosides”.2.Asaproverbsays,“Everythinghastwosides”.Ontheonehand,physicalexerciseisgoodforyourhealth.Ontheotherhand,ifyoudon’tdealwithitproperly,itwilldoharmtoyourhealth.Soweshouldlookatthematterfromtwosides.3.Asaproverbsays,“Wherethereiswillthereisaway.”4.Asapopularsayinggoes,“Amanisknownbythecompanyhekeeps.”5.Asisknowntoall,“Nopains,nogains”.6.Toopenabookisalwaysbeneficial7.AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.8.Knowledgeispower.9.Morehaste,lessspeed.10.Agoodbeginningishalfdone.11.Timeandtidewaitfornoman.12.Everylittle(bit)helps.13.Alittlelearningisadangerousthing.14.It’snevertoolatetolearn.15.Easiersaidthandone.

2316.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.17.Opportunityknocksatthedooronlyonce.18.Failureteachessuccess.19.Alifewithoutafriendisalifewithoutasun.20.Acontentedmindisaperpetualfeast.21.Godhelpsthosethathelpthemselves.22.Earlytobed,andearlytorise,makesamanhealthy,wealthyandwise.23.Neverputoffuntiltomorrowwhatcanbedonetoday.24.Toreadwithoutreflectingislikeeatingwithoutdigesting.25.Ifyouwanttounderstandtoday,youhavetosearchyesterday.26.Honestyisthebestpolicy.27.Eachmanhashislimitation.28.Don’tputthecartbeforethehorse.29.Afriendiseasierlostthanfound.30.Agoodmedicinetastesbitter.31.Thingsdonecannotbeundone.（六）辩论中常用的句型：1.Thereisnodoubtthat…Itisobvious/clearthat…Asisknowntoall,…2.(It’s)nowonder…Hedidn’tworkhardandnowonderhelosthisjob.3.Itgoeswithoutsayingthat…Itgoeswithoutsayingthathealthymenarehappierthansickmen.4.Whatismoreimportant,…5.Iamconvincedthat….（七）举例表示法：1.Forexample,thepeople’seconomicstatushasbeengreatlyimproved.2.Forinstance,theeconomicstatusofthepeoplehasbeenimproved.3.Let’shaveanexample.TVsets,refrigeratorsandrecordershavebecomehouseholdnecessities.4.…isacaseinpoint.（八）概述：（用于图表作文）1.Accordingtothefiguresgiveninthetable.2.Thischartshowsthat…3.Asisshownbythegraph,…4.Itcanbeseenfromthestatisticsthat…5.Itisgenerally…believedthat/accepted/thought/held6.Thereisslight/slow/steady/rapidrise/increase/decrease/decline/reductiondemand/income/population/prices/production.7.beonthe+increase/decrease/rise/decline(…在不断地增加，减少，上升、下降)【Example】Thenumberofstudentsinthecollegehasbeenontheriseinrecentyears.（九）结尾句型：1.Inmyopinion,Iaminfavorofowningacar.2.Personally,Iprefertoworkinthecountryratherthaninthecity.

243.Inshort,parentsandchildrenshouldlearntogetthroughtoeachother.4.Inconclusion,wecannotachievesuccesswithouteffortandhardwork.5.AsfarasIamconcerned,Iagreewiththeopinionthat“Nopainsnogains.”6.Fromtheaboveanalysis,wecanseethat…/wecometotheconclusionthat…7.Onlyinthiswaycanwe…Onlyinthiswaycanthemostdifficultproblemsbesolvedproperly.8.Onlywhenwe….canwe…八、实用谚语优秀的作文往往引经据典。虽然大部分考生对浩如烟海的西方文化了解不多，但在学习的过程中也会接触到浓缩了西方思维和智慧的各类谚语。如果在写作中能够适当地引用切合主题的谚语，就能发挥锦上添花的作用。为此，编者特意精选了100多条谚语，希望能对考生有所帮助。时间1.Ayear’splanstartswithspring一年之计在于春。2.Ayoungidler,anoldbeggar.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。3.Anhourinthemorningisworthtwointheevening.一日之计在于晨4.EverydayisnotSunday.好景不常在。5.Everyminutecounts.分秒必争。6.Fool’shasteisnospeed.欲速则不达。7.Itistoolatetogrievewhenthechanceispast.坐失良机，后悔已迟。8.Losttimeisneverfoundagain.岁月既往，一去不回9.Makehaywhilethesunshines.勿失良机。10.Noonecancallbackyesterday.昨日不会重现11.Timeandtidewaitfornoman.时不我待.12.Timeflies.光阴似箭。13.Timelostcannotbewonagain.14.Tosavetimeistolengthenlife.节约时间就是延长生命。15.Weneverknowtheworthofwatertillthewellisdry.井枯方知水贵。友情1.Afaithfulfriendishardtofind.知音难觅。2.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患难见真情。3.Afriendisneverknowntillamanhasneed.需要之时方知友4.Loveme,lovemydog.爱屋及乌。5.Likeknowslike.惺惺相惜。6.Manyhandsmakelightwork.众人拾柴火焰高。7.Misfortuneteststhesincerityoffriends.患难见真情。8.Putyourshoulderstothewheel.鼎力相助。9.Theworldisbutalittleplace,afterall.海内存知己，天涯若比邻。

251.Therearespotsinthesun.太阳也有黑点。2.Toerrorishuman.人非圣贤，孰能无过。3.Unityisstrength.团结就是力量。4.Unpleasantadviceisagoodmedicine.忠言逆耳利于行。5.Timetriesall.路遥知马力，日久见人心。健康1.Goodhealthisoverwealth.健康是最大的财富，2.Goodmedicineforhealthtastesbittertothemouth.良药苦口利于病。3.Healthisbetterthanwealth.健康胜过财富。4.Healthishappiness.健康是福。5.Wealthisnothingwithouthealth.失去健康，钱再多也没有用。道德1.Acandlelightsothersandconsumesitself.蜡烛照亮别人，燃尽了自己。2.Aleopardcannotchangeitsspots.积习难改。3.Childrenarewhatthemothersare.耳濡目染，言传身教。4.Customisasecondnature.习惯是后天养成的。5.Custommakesallthingseasy.有个好习惯，事事皆不难。6.Doasyouwouldbedoneby.已所不欲，勿施于人。7.Dowellandhavewell.善有善报。8.Everymanhashisfaults.金无足赤，人无完人。9.Everymanhashisweakside.人人都有弱点。10.Honestyisthebestpolicy.做人以诚信为本。11.Handsomeishewhodoeshandsomely.行为美才算美。12.Keepgoodmencompanyandyoushallbeofthenumber.近朱者赤，近墨者黑13.Neverjudgefromappearances.切勿以貌取人。14.Patienceisthebestremedy.忍耐是良药。15.Pridegoesbefore,andshamecomesafter.骄傲使人落后。16.Promiseisdebt.一诺千金。17.Respectyourself,ornooneelsewillrespectyou.要人尊重，必须自重。18.Sayingisonethinganddoinganother.言行不一。19.Stillwaterrundeep.静水流深。20.Thebestheartsarealwaysthebravest.无私者无畏。21.Seekthetruthfromfacts.实事求是。22.Themorenoble,themorehumble.人越高尚，越谦虚。23.Thetonguesnotsteel,yetitcuts.人言可畏。勤奋1.Adversitymakesamanwise,notrich.逆境出人才。2.Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.凡事总是由难到易。3.Asamansows,soheshallreap.种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。4.Constantdrippingwearsawayastone.水滴石穿。

261.Donothingbyhalves.凡事不可半途而废。2.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.失败是成功之母。3.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.天助自助者。4.Hewhodoesnotadvancelosesground.不进则退。5.Neversaydie.永不言败。6.Nopains,Nogains.不劳不获。7.Nopleasurewithoutpain.没有哭就没有乐。8.Nowayispossibletocourage.勇者无畏。9.Nothingisdifficulttothemanwhowilltry.世上无难事，只要肯攀登。10.Nothingseek,Nothingfind.没有追求就没有收获。11.Pleasurecomesthroughtoil.苦尽甘来。12.Romeisnotbuiltinaday.冰冻三尺非一日之寒。13.Successbelongstothepersevering.坚持就是胜利。14.Thedarknesshourisnearestthedawn.黎明前的黑暗。15.Thereisnoroyalroadtolearning.书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟。16.Waterdroppingdaybydaywearsthehardestrockaway.滴水穿石。17.Thefireisthetestofgold,adversityofstrongman.烈火验真金,艰难磨意志。18.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者事竟成。19.Workmakestheworkman.勤工出巧匠。理想1.Agoodbeginningishalfdone/Wellbegunishalfdone.良好的开端是成功的一半2.Amancannotspinandreelatthesametime一心不能二用。3.Businessisthesaltoflife.事业是人生的第一需要。4.Confidenceinyourselfisthefirststepontheroadtosuccess自信是走向成功的第一步。5.Itisthefirststepthatcoststroublesome.万事开头难。6.Truthnevergrowsold.真理永存。范文Topic1ConductingMoralEducationinCollegesDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledConductingMoralEducationinColleges.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.各大学正在加强大学生的道德教育2.分析道德教育的意义3.如何在大学中开展道德教育ConductingMoralEducationinColleges

27Currently,moderncollegestudents’moralproblemhasbecomea①hotly-debatedissue.Somenegativereportsoncollegestudents’moralstandardsappearinmajornewswebsites.Soagreatnumberofuniversitiesareconductingtheplanofstrengtheningstudents’moraleducation.Conductingmoraleducationincollegemeansagreatdeal.Itwillmakeastudentintoanall-roundone.Flowernotonlyneedswater,sunshineandsoil,butalsosomemusicwhichwillmakeitgrowbetter.Likeflowers,collegestudentsrequire②notonlyknowledgefrombook,butalsohighmoralvalues.Howtodevelopmoraleducationincolleges?Theycanorganizesomemeaningfulactivitiestoconstructastrongatmosphereofmoraleducation.Forexample,someinstitutesopenamoralbanktoattractstudentstodepositmoralmoney.What’sinterestingisthatthemoralmoneyismadeby③donatingbloodwithout④compensationandreturningtotheownerwhatonehaspickedup.抢分亮点①hotly-debated受到激烈争论的②notonly…butalso…不仅……而且③donateblood献血④compensationn.补偿；补偿(或赔偿)物；赔偿金，补偿金Topic2InternetDatingDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledInternetDating.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.目前网上相亲很流行2.网上相亲有利有弊3.我的看法InternetDatingOnlinedatinghasbecomepopularnowadays.Beforefindingaprofessionaland①certifiedmatchmaker,manypeopletryonlinedating.Somefindtheirtrueloveinthisway.Onlinedatinghasits②prosandconsjustasotheronlineactivitiesdo.Ontheonehand,datingonlineisconvenient,easily③accessiblefromanyPC,24hoursaday.Itisalsoaninexpensivewaytobrowseinformationofanunlimitednumberofsinglemenandwomen.Onthe

28otherhand,yourdate’sphotocanbeout-of-dateoran④inaccuraterepresentation.Besidesdishonesty⑤aboundsonInternet—made-up⑥profiles,⑦exaggeratedclaims,marriedpeopleposingassingleandmore.Frommypointofview,before⑧givingonlinedatingashot,youshouldweightheprosandcons.Ifyouwantago,justbecarefulandrememberthatyou’redealingwithtotalstrangers.Besuretolimittheamountofpersonalinformationyourevealonlineandalwaysmeetyourdateinapublicspace.抢分亮点①certifiedadj.被鉴定的；被证明的；注册的，合格的②prosandconsn.赞成和反对的理由；利弊；正反两方面；优缺点③accessibleadj.容易取得的，容易获得的，容易达到的；可接近的，可进入的④inaccurateadj.有错误的，不正确的adv.不精密地，不准确地⑤aboundv.大量存在；充满,富于⑥profilen.侧面，侧面像；外形，轮廓，外观，形象⑦exaggeratev.(使)扩大，(使)增加；夸大，夸张⑧give…ashot尝试……Topic3HowtoDealwithSub-healthDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledHowtoDealwithSub-health.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.现在越来越多的人处于“亚健康”状态2.“亚健康”的具体表现3.你认为应该怎样解决这一问题HowtoDealwithSub-healthWiththemodernizationoftheworld,people’sstandardoflivinghasimprovedalot.Thenthereappearsastateofsub-healthamongpeoplewhich①posesanewthreattothem.Whatupsetsusmostisthatthesituationis②spreadingcountryside.Moreandmoreworkersinbigcitiesare③harassedbyitnow.Therearesome④typicalsymptomsforpeoplewhoareinastateofsub-health.Firstofall,thosewhosufferfromitoftenhaveaheadacheorbackache.Secondly,theyfeellikehavingarest

29frequently.　　Finally,howcanwesolvethisproblem⑤effectively?Expertssuggestthatthebestwaytokeepourselveshealthyistodoexercises.Itisalsoveryimportantthatpeopleshouldformagoodlivinghabit,forexample,gettingupearlyandgoingtosleepearly.Onlybydoingsocanwekeepushealthy.抢分亮点①poseathreattosb.威胁到；对……构成威胁②spreadv.分散；传播；蔓延③harassv.侵扰；骚扰④typicalsymptom典型症状⑤effectivelyadv.有效地；起作用地Topic4InformationSecurityDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledInformationSecurity.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.信息安全问题日益受到重视2.信息安全事故可能导致的危害3.如何做到信息安全InformationSecurityWithavarietyofproblems①plaguingtheinformationsystems,theimportanceofinformationsecuritybecomesthefocusofpeople’sconcern.Manypeoplewithinformationleakedhavereportedthatunauthorizedpersonshavetakenfundsoutoftheirfinancialaccounts.Or,intheworstcases,takenovertheiridentitiesaltogether,②runningupvastdebtsand③committingcrimeswhileusingthevictims’names.Informationsecurityconcerns④arangeofproblems—information⑤interception,loss,damage,etc.Itwillbringvictimsfinanciallossorcausethemothertroubles.Takeidentitytheftforexample,inmanycases,avictim’slossesmayincludenotonlyout-of-pocketfinanciallossesbutsubstantialadditionalfinancialcosts⑥associatedwithtryingto⑦restorehisreputationinthecommunityandcorrecting⑧erroneousinformationforwhichthecriminalisresponsible.Weshould⑨givehighprioritytoinformationsecurity.Weshouldsafeguardouridentity.Do

30not,underanycircumstances,shareour⑩confidentialinformationsuchasourIDcardnumbers,bankaccountsandotherpersonalinformationwithstrangers,especiallyontheInternet.抢分亮点①plaguev.使染瘟疫；n.瘟疫；灾害②runup (使)增长③commitcrime犯罪④arangeof一系列……⑤interceptionn.拦截；窃听；监听⑥beassociatedwith与……有关⑦restorev.恢复；修复；重建⑧erroneousadj.错误的，不正确的⑨givehighpriorityto优先考虑…….；把……摆在很高的位置⑩confidentialadj.秘密的，机密的Topic5TVTalentShowDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledTVTalentShow.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.有人赞成电视选秀节目2.有人则反对3.我的观点TVTalentShowAnarmyofpeopletodayarefondoftheTVtalentshow.TheybelievethattheTVtalentshowcanchangetheirfate.Atleast,theshowoffersthe①opportunitytoshowanddevelopone’stalents.Onthecontrary,anumberofpeople②holdnegativeattitudetoTVtalentshows.They③maintainthattheTVtalentshowtodayislikeariverthathasrisentoitsfloodlevel.Itmisleadstheyouthandmakesthembelievethattheycan④makeafortuneorbecomefamousovernight.Asaresult,agreatmanystudentscan’tcalmdowntostudyintheshow’sseason.Formypart,IbelievethattheTVtalentshowislikea⑤double-edgedswordanditisimportantforustojudgeitproperly.Foronething,theTVstudios⑥aresupposedtocreatemore

31positiveandfavorableshows.Foranother,themediaoughttoguidepeopleproperintherightwayand⑦refrainfrom⑧exaggeratingtheeffectsoftheshow.抢分亮点①opportunityn.机会，时机②holdnegativeattitudeto持否定态度③maintainv.坚持；主张；保持；维持④makeafortune致富，发财⑤double-edgedsword双刃剑⑥besupposedto应该……⑦refrainfrom忍住，制止，戒除，控制⑧exaggeratev.夸张，夸大Topic6LearningtobeGratefulDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledLearningtobeGrateful.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.学会感激已引起社会关注2.分析学会感激的意义3.你自己的观点LearningtobeGratefulNowadays,thetrendthatstudentsarelearningtobegratefulisgainingmoreattentionnotonlyatschool,butalsointhewholesociety.Educatorsandthesocietyhaverecognizedtheimportanceoflearningtobegrateful.Firstly,beinggrateful①playsavitalroleinone’sdevelopment,sinceitmakesoneseethebrightsideoflife,turnshimintoapositiveperson,andperfectshispersonalities.Secondly,learningtobegratefulhelpsonebecomearesponsiblecitizen.Fullofgratitude,onewillofferasmuchassistanceashecantothoseinneedand②makeagreatcontributiontothesociety.Stillmoreimportantly,onewon’tdothings③atthepriceofsacrificingtheinterestsofothers.Inmyopinion,ifeveryoneisgrateful,we,as④individuals,willhaveabrighterfutureforself-development,ourfamilywillbemuchhappierandoursocietywillbemoreharmonious.Soletuslearnto⑤appreciatewhatweget,andbegratefulforblessedlifewehave.

32抢分亮点①playsavitalrolein对……起着至关重要的作用②makeagreatcontributionto为……做出巨大贡献③atthepriceofsacrificingtheinterestsofothers以牺牲他人的利益为代价④individualn.个人adj.个人的，个体的；个别的，单独的⑤appreciatev.感激,感谢； 欣赏,赏识,重视,鉴赏；懂得，领会，理解Topic7CreateaConservation-OrientedCampusDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledCreateaConservation-OrientedCampus.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.建设节约型校园十分重要2.原因是…3.为了建设节约型校园我们应该…CreateaConservation-OrientedCampusNowadays,conservation-orientedsocietyhasbecomeahouseholdterm.Itisourgovernment’sstrategytomaintainthe①sustainabledevelopmentofsociety.Thus,thebuildingofaconservation-orientedcampus,whichisapartofthisplan,hasagreat②significance.Thecreationofconservation-orientedcampuscannotonly③benefitthedevelopmentofstudentsbutalsotheimprovementofschools.Ontheonehand,studentscanformthegoodhabitof④thriftinesswhichcan⑤haveagoodinfluenceontheirfuturelife.Ontheotherhand,schoolscanusethesavingstointroducemoreadvancedfacilitiesor⑥recruitmoretalentswhichcanhelpimprovethequalityofteaching.Thenhowcanwebuildtheconservation-orientedcampus?Hereareseveralmeasureswecantake.First,wecanorganizesomeprogramstoletstudentsbeawareofthenecessityandmeaningofthisproposal.Second,wecandosomesmallthingsinourdailylife,suchasturningoffthelightsinclassroomwhenitisunnecessary,takingcareoftheteachingfacilities,whichall⑦contributetotheconstructionofconservation-orientedcampus.抢分亮点①sustainableadj.可持续的；可以忍受的②significancen.意义，意思；重大意义，重要性

33③benefitv.有益于，得益；n.益处，好处④thriftinessn.节俭⑤haveagoodinfluenceon对……产生好影响⑥recruitv.招聘，吸引(新成员)⑦contributeto促成；捐献Topic8OnCollegeStudents’OccupyingSeatsDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledOnCollegeStudents’OccupyingSeats.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.在大学校园里，占座是很普遍的现象2.有人认为，大学生课前占座是不文明的行为，也有人持不同意见3.我的看法OnCollegeStudents’OccupyingSeatsOncampus,itisacommonphenomenonforstudentstooccupyseats.Inthelibrary,classrooms,andeventhecanteen,youcanfindbooksandpens①claimingthe②temporaryusageofthetablesandseats.Thisissuehasarousedpublicconcern.Somepeopleholdthatitiswrongandimpolitebehaviorwhichshouldbefoughtagainst,whileothersarguethatstudentsshouldnot③taketheblamesincecolleges④failtoprovide⑤sufficientteachingresources.Thereisprobablysometruthinbothsides.Astome,I’m⑥infavoroftheformerargument.Foronething,occupyingseats⑦inevitablyworsenstheproblemofresourceshortage.Theseatswillremainemptyuntiltheoccupierscome.Foranother,takingupseatsdoesharmtotheharmoniouscampusatmospherewhenfriendshipandmodesty⑧givewaytoimpropercompetition.Therefore,Istronglyopposethiskindofact.抢分亮点①claimv.宣称②temporaryadj.暂时的③taketheblame受到谴责④failto未能⑤sufficientadj.充足的，充分的

34⑥infavorof赞成，支持⑦inevitablyadv.不可避免地⑧givewayto让位于，被……取代Topic9Livealow-carbonlifeDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledLivealow-carbonlife.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1．低碳生活日渐成为热门话题2．低碳生活的意义3．如何做到低碳生活Livealow-carbonlifeAsmoreandmorepeople①areconcernedaboutclimateandenvironmentissues,low-carbonlifehasbecomeanincreasinglyhottopic.Actually,low-carbonlifeisnotonlyafashionableterm,butalsoastrategicchoiceconcerningthefutureofhumanbeings, Effectivelyreducingthecarbonemission,low-carbonlifeconstitutesenergyconservationandenvironmentprotectionmeans,whichishelpfultoslowdownthepaceofglobalwarmingandenvironmentalworsening,②bringingbenefittothefuturegenerations.Thenhowtolivealow-carbonlife?Everyonemay③interpretitintheirownwayineverydetailofdailylife,butpublicawarenessandpassionforsavingenergyisthekeyforthiscampaign.Furthermore,energy–savinghabitsshouldbealso④advocatedand⑤promoted,forexample,substitutingabicycleforacar,usingrecyclablebagsforshopping,climbingthestairsinsteadoftakingtheelevatorandsoon.It’scertainthatidenoughpeoplelivealow-carbonlife,everydayandeverywhere,itcouldchangethehistory.抢分亮点①beconcernedabout对……关心②bringbenefitto造福于……③interpret解释④advocate提倡⑤promote推动Topic10CampusCertificatesCraze

35Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledCampusCertificatesCrazeYoushouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.大学生“考证热”成为潮流2.出现这种现象的原因3.我的看法CampusCertificatesCrazeIfyourandomlyaskastudentoncampuswhatheisbusydoing,verypossibly,hemayanswerthatheis①preparingforacertificateofsomekind.Investigatingalittlemore,youwillfindthatthishasbecomeanewcrazeamongcollegestudents.②Thereasonsbehindthephenomenoncanbesummarizedintojustone:thepressureoffindingajobaftergraduation.Withtheadmissionexpansionofcolleges,alotmoregraduateshavetocompeteforthelimitedjobposts.Howtomakeoneselfmorecompetitive?Maybemorecertificatesathand.Hopingthattheemployersmightfindoneofthemmoreattractive,thestudents③arecompelledtorunfromoneexamtoanother.AsfarasIamconcerned,studentsshouldhaveamorerationalattitudetowardcertificates,becauseexamcertificatesdonotnecessarilyrepresentone’sability.Forme,oneshouldworkhardathisorhermajor.Opportunitieswillcometoyouifyouarecompetentenoughinyourfield.抢分亮点①preparefor…为……做准备②Thereasonsbehindthephenomenoncanbesummarizedinto现象背后的原因可以归结为….③becompelledtodosth.被迫做某事Topic11GoingonStudyorGoingtoWork?Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledGoingonStudyorGoingtoWork?Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.有人决定毕业后读研2.也有人决定找工作3.我的观点GoingonStudyorGoingtoWork?

36Currently,themajor①dilemmawhichmoststudentsfaceupongraduationiswhethertocontinuepursuingpostgraduatestudiesortofindajobimmediately.Thosewhodecidetogotoworkimmediately②cannotwaittoputwhattheyhavelearnedintopractice.Theybelievethatonlybyapplicationcantheymasterknowledge③intherealsense.Mostimportantofall,theycan④liveontheirownandhavethefeelingofaccomplishmentforthefirsttime.Otherpeople,however,believethatidapersonwantstobeanexpertinaspecializedfield,fouryearsinuniversityisfarfromenough.Thebestwayistochooseadirectionandstudyitindepth,Itisnotlateatallwhentheygotowork,becausetheystartatamuchhigherlevel.Nomatterwhichchoiceastudentwillfinallymake,hehastobeextremelycarefullytolookintohisuniquesituationandconsultthepredecessorsfortheiradvice.Hewillmaketherightchoiceifheknowshisgoalinlifeandhowtoturnitintoreality.抢分亮点①dilemma两难境地②cannotwaitto等不及③intherealsense真正意义上④liveonone’sown自食其力Topic12SteppingAwayfromOnlineGamesDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledSteppingAwayfromOnlineGames.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.现在有许多大学生沉溺于网络游戏2.这一现象给大学生带来的影响3.建议大家远离这种消遣方式SteppingAwayfromOnlineGamesNowadays,moreandmorecollegestudents①areaddictedtoonlinegames.Thosegamesmaybefunandexciting,butareveryharmfultothoseaddicts.Inmyopinion,therearemanydisadvantagesofgameaddiction.Firstlyonlinegamestakeupalotofplayers’timeforstudy.Manyoftheaddictsfoundthemselvesforcedto②dropoutofschoolforpooracademicperformance.Secondly,addictstendto③isolatethemselvesfromthe

37reality.What’sworse,indulginginthevirtualworldforalongtime,they④aremoreliabletosuffermentalproblemandphysicalcollapse.Finally,playersareexposedtotoomuchviolentandunhealthymaterial,whichisdefinitelyharmfultotheirgrowth.Inshort,Icannotseeanybenefitsfromonlinegames.Studyingshouldbetheprimaryconcernofcollegestudents.Therefore,Idohopetheycanstepawayfromonlinegames.抢分亮点①beaddictedto沉迷于②dropoutof离开，退出……③isolatefrom使脱离④bemoreliableto更易于……Topic13ShouldNewGraduatesLowerJobExpectationsDirections：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledShouldNewGraduatesLowerJobExpectations.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.很多人认为刚毕业的大学生应该降低对自己职业的期望值2.但另一些人则认为这是一种退缩3.我的看法ShouldNewGraduatesLowerJobExpectationsNowadays,mostgraduates①arefacedwithatightjobmarket,somanypeoplethinkthatnewgraduatesshouldlowertheirjobexpectations.Afterall,itispracticalforthemtoacceptaworse-than-expectedofferthanremainjoblessaftergraduation.Furthermore,whateverjobsnewgraduatesget,theycanobtainvaluableworkingexperience,givingthemconfidenceformoredemandingjobsinthefuture.However,somearguethatnewgraduates②losetheirgroundsiftheylowerjobexpectations.Theybelievethat③agoodbeginningishalfthebattle.Inthissense,newgraduatesshouldstarttheircareerfromanexpectedpoint.Inaddition,thelong-terminvestmentineducationshouldnotbeaimedatalowreturn.Personally,Isidewiththeformeropinion.Itisanindisputablerealitythattoday’suniversitystudentsarelosingtheirshine,sodegreesanddiplomascannot④guaranteeanewgraduate’ssuccessanylonger.Loweringjobexpectations⑤demonstratesamorepositiveapproachtojob

38huntingtakenbynewgraduates.抢分亮点①befacedwith…面临……②loseone’sground处于不利地位③agoodbeginningishalfthebattle好的开始是成功的一半④guarantee确保⑤demonstrate展示，表现Topic14MyViewonTrainTicketScalperDirections：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledMyViewonTrainTicketScalper.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.现在火车票贩子倒卖车票猖獗2.这种现象有何影响3.我的观点MyViewonTrainTicketScalperFormanycollegestudents,goingbackhomefortheSpringfestivalprovestobean①ordeal.Despitetheeffortsofqueuingupforseveralhoursorevendays,somecannotgetthetickets.Asthelastresort,theywouldturntotrainticket②scalpers.Accordingtonumerousmediareports,illegalticketdealhasbecomeaflourishingandwell-organizedbusiness.Thoughillegaltrain-ticketdealdoeshelpsomehome-boundedpeople,oftentimesticketscalperssellfaketickets.Consequently,thosewithfaketicketswillbepunishedbytrainconductors.Furthermore,suspicionofscalper③beinghandinglovewithrailwayemployeeshasalreadyresultedinthepublicanxietyandanger,whichwill④posepotentialthreattosocialstability.Whiletherailway⑤infrastructurecannotbeimprovedinthenearfuture,theonlysolutiontocontrollingillegalticketdealdependsontheefficiencyofrailwaysystemmanagement.Iftheticketdistributionsystemisreliable,thenscalperswilleventuallyfindtheirflourishingbusinessdoomed.抢分亮点①ordeal苦难的经历

39②scalper黄牛党③behandinglovewith…与……勾结④posepotentialthreatto…对……造成潜在的威胁⑤infrastructure基础设施Topic15OnSuitablePositionfortheMajorDirections：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledOnSuitablePositionfortheMajor.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.有些人认为要找专业对口的工作2.有些人认为工作不一定要专业对口3.我的观点OnSuitablePositionfortheMajorAsregardsthesuitablepositionforthemajor,therehasalwaysbeenaheateddisputeamongthegeneralpublic.Peoplewhobelieveitsnecessityhavetheargumentsasfollows.Tobeginwith,thejobhunter,①inthefaceoftheseverecompetition,will②havedominantadvantagesinbothprofessionandexperienceoverothersifapplyingforsuitablepositionsforthemajor;whatismore,theycaneasily③getsenseofsatisfactionfromworkoncetakingtheabove-mentionedpositions.Bycontrast,somepeopleclaimthatthereisnonecessitytotakethepositionsforthemajor.Theyarguethatweshouldseekjobs④inaccordancewithsocialdemandandpersonalinterest;besides,positionsnotsuitableforourmajorare⑤conductivetotheexpansionofourknowledgehorizon.Personallyspeaking,I⑥assenttothelatteropinionforthereasonthatmajorinonlywhatwechoosetolearn,notweworkfor;therefore,weshouldnever⑦confineourselvestoourmajor.抢分亮点①inthefaceof…面对……②havedominantadvantagesover…和……相比有绝对优势③getsenseofsatisfactionfrom…从……中得到满足④inaccordancewith根据，按照⑤conductiveto…有利于……

40⑥assentto…同意……⑦confineoneselfto…将……囿于……Topic16ALetterofCongratulationonScholarship-Wining.Directions：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledALetterofCongratulationonScholarship-Wining.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.得知朋友获得一等奖学金，向对方表达祝贺2.详述朋友获得奖学金的意义3.再次表达良好祝愿，并提出希望ALetterofCongratulationonScholarship-WiningDearLiuLi,HowdelightedIamwhenIhearthatyouhavereceivedthefirstclassscholarship!Thismustbeaspecialandhappymomentforyou.Congratulations!Everyoneknowsthatscholarshipisthebest①confirmationofastudent’sperformance.Ibelieveyoureallydeservethehonorsinceyouhave②madegreateffortsinyourspecializedfieldafteryouenteredtheuniversity.Nowyourdiligenceandintelligencewinyouhonor.I③amnotonlyhappyforbutalsoproudofyou④fromthebottomofmyheart.Iamfirmlyconvincedthatasanup-and-comingperson,youwilluseyourheadandhandstodevelopyouracademiccareertoahigherlevelindaystocome.Mayyourecordevengreaterachievements!Yourssincerely,LiXia抢分亮点①confirmation证明，确认②makegreatefforts付出很大努力③beproudof…为……感到自豪④fromthebottomofone’sheart发自某人内心地Topic17ALetterofinvitationtoBetheJudgeDirections：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteaLetteronBehalfofthestudentuniontoinviteProfessorSmithtobethejudgeoftheEnglishDramaContest.

41Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.表明身份，发出诚挚的邀请2.告知对方大赛举行的时间，地点，赛程安排等3.希望对方能够接受邀请，期待回复ALetterofinvitationtoBetheJudgeDearProfessorSmith:I’mLiMing,chairmanoftheStudentUnion.①It’sagreatpleasuretoinviteyoutobethejudgeforthisyear’sEnglishDramacontest.Asthemainorganizerofthiscompetition,wehave②beenbusypreparingfortwomonths.Toourdelight,everythinghasgonesmoothlyandit③isjustaroundthecorner.Accordingtotheschedule,therewillbetworounds.TwentygroupsfromdifferentdepartmentswillcompeteinthepreliminarycontestwhichwillbeheldnextSaturdaynight,7:00p.m.,intheStudentClub.Tengroupswillbechosentotakepartinthefinaloneweeklater,atthesametimeandplaceasthefirstround.We④heartilyhopeyoucanacceptourinvitation.Itwillbemuchappreciatedifyoucangiveusapromptreply.Yourssincerely,LiMing抢分亮点①It’sagreatpleasureto…非常高兴……②bebusypreparing忙于筹备③bearoundthecorner即将来临④heartily热忱地，忠心Topic18WelcometoDonateforProjectHopeDirections：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledWelcometoDonateforProjectHope.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.号召大学生为希望工程捐款2.捐款希望工程的意义

421.捐款活动的时间和地点WelcometoDonateforProjectHopeDearfriends,Children’sDayisapproaching!Totrulyshowourcareforthechildren①inpoorandremoteareas,wecollegestudentsshould②takeadvantageofthisspecialdaytomakealastingandmeaningfulgift---adonationtoProjectHopeintheirhonor.Ascollegestudents,weunderstandthevalueofeducationandthepositiveimpactitwillhaveonaperson’sfuture.Unfortunately,manychildrenwhohavepostponedtheirschoolplanstogetjobstosupporttheirfamiliesareunableto③affordtheexpenseofeducationtoday.Withyoursupport,ProjectHopecancontinuetogivepoorchildrenthechancetostrengthenthemselves,theirfamiliesandtheircommunitiesthrougheducation.Everyoneiswelcometothedonationtoshowyourloveforthepoorchildren.PleaserememberthatthedonationwillbeheldontheCentralSquarefrom9:00a.m.to11:30a.m.onChildren’sDay.Andpleaseremember:Yourlovemakestheworldgoround!抢分亮点①inpoorandremoteareas偏远贫困地区②takeadvantageof…利用……③affordtheexpenseof…负担……的费用Topic19ALetterofJobApplicationDirections：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledALetterofJobApplication.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.说明所申请的职位2.介绍自己的基本情况，特点及优势3.表达自己盼望得到回复的心情ALetterofJobApplicationDearSir/Madam,Thankyouforsparingyourtimetoreadmyapplicationfortheinternshipforthesummervacationinyourbank,whichwasadvertisedonthewebsiteofwww.Yingjiusheng.com.CurrentlyIamworkingtowardabachelor’sdegreeinEconomicsatCentralUniversityof

43FinanceandEconomics.IhavebeenworkinghardeversinceIenteredtheuniversityandnowIrankinthefirstplaceinmyclass.Iamapassionateandhard-workingersonwithresponsibilityandteam-workingspirit.Besides,Ialsoworkasthemonitorinmyclass,theexperiencehelpingmemakegreatprogressincommunicationanddealingwithproblems.Therefore,IamsureitwillbeagoodopportunityformetopracticewhatIhavelearnedandIamconfidenttobequalifiedfortheinternship.IwouldgreatlyappreciateyourconsiderationformuapplicationandIearnestlyexpecttohearfromyou.IwillbeavailableforaninterviewintheafternoonfromMondaytoFriday.Pleasecontactmeat15910002010.Withbestwishes!Sincerelyyours,ZhangDong抢分亮点①rank排名②bequalifiedfor能够胜任③appreciate为……表示感谢④earnestly热切地⑤available可用的，可获得的Topic20AnUnforgettablePartyDirections：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledAnUnforgettableParty.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.简述一次与朋友或同学的难忘的聚会2.描述当时聚会的情况3.谈谈自己的体会和感受AnUnforgettablePartyItisununforgettablepartyinmylifewhichhappenedinmyhighschooltime.Onasnowyday,owingtoacarelesssliponmywaytoschoolIfellontotheground,onlytofindthatmyfeetwereseriouslyhurt.Iwastoldbythedoctortolieinbedforonemonthorso,

44whichdeeplyfrustratedme.Stillmoredisappointedly,myclassmatesandIhadplannedatriptoZhongshanParktocelebratemybirthdaythefollowingSunday.However,nowmyplan①meltedintoair.TherewasnodoubtthatIwouldhavealonelyandboringbirthday.Tomysurprise,ontheafternoonofmybirthday,severalclassmatesturnedupinmyhomewithabunchofflowersandwonderfulgifts.Wehadamerrychat,singingKaraokeandplayingcards.Allofus②werebubblingoverwithenthusiasm.Whentheywereleaving,theywishedmea③speedyrecovery.Iwasdeeplytouchedbytheirthoughtfulnessandkindness,andtheimpressivebirthdaypartywill④stickinmymindforever.抢分亮点①meltintoair化为泡影②bubbleoverwithenthusiasm兴高采烈③aspeedyrecovery早日康复④stickinone’smind留在脑海中