四级长句翻译

四级长句翻译

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四级长句翻译   172.Thefridge’seffectupontheenvironmenthasbeenevident,whileitscontributiontohumanhappinesshasbeeninsignificant.      173.Itmaythentakeusalongtimetorenderitintelligentbyloadingintherightsoftwareorbyalteringthearchitecturebutthattoowillhappen.      174.Astheintelligenceofrobotsincreasetomatchthatofhumansandastheircostdeclinesthrougheconomiesofscalewemayusethemtoexpandourfrontiers.      175.Furtherahead,byacombinationofthegreatwealththisnewagewillbringandthetechnologyitwillprovide,theconstructionofavast,man-createdworldinspace,hometothousandsormillionsofpeople,willbewithinourpower.      176.Later,peopletriedtoliftabuildingoffitsfoundation,andinsertrubberandsteelbetweenthebuildinganditsfoundationtoreducetheimpactofgroundvibrations.      177.Iftheyarenotsincereanddonotpractisewhattheypreach,theirchildrenmaygrowconfusedandemotionallyinsecurewhentheygrowoldenoughtothinkforthemselves,andrealizetheyhavebeentosomeextentfooled.      178.Forallthesereasons,readingnewspapersefficiently,whichmeansgettingwhatyouwantfromthemwithoutmissingthingsyouneedbutwithoutwastingtime,demandsskillandself-awarenessasyoumodifyandapplythetechniquesofreading.

1四级长句翻译   172.Thefridge’seffectupontheenvironmenthasbeenevident,whileitscontributiontohumanhappinesshasbeeninsignificant.      173.Itmaythentakeusalongtimetorenderitintelligentbyloadingintherightsoftwareorbyalteringthearchitecturebutthattoowillhappen.      174.Astheintelligenceofrobotsincreasetomatchthatofhumansandastheircostdeclinesthrougheconomiesofscalewemayusethemtoexpandourfrontiers.      175.Furtherahead,byacombinationofthegreatwealththisnewagewillbringandthetechnologyitwillprovide,theconstructionofavast,man-createdworldinspace,hometothousandsormillionsofpeople,willbewithinourpower.      176.Later,peopletriedtoliftabuildingoffitsfoundation,andinsertrubberandsteelbetweenthebuildinganditsfoundationtoreducetheimpactofgroundvibrations.      177.Iftheyarenotsincereanddonotpractisewhattheypreach,theirchildrenmaygrowconfusedandemotionallyinsecurewhentheygrowoldenoughtothinkforthemselves,andrealizetheyhavebeentosomeextentfooled.      178.Forallthesereasons,readingnewspapersefficiently,whichmeansgettingwhatyouwantfromthemwithoutmissingthingsyouneedbutwithoutwastingtime,demandsskillandself-awarenessasyoumodifyandapplythetechniquesofreading.

2      179.“InJapan,amostcompetitivesocietywithstrongerdisciplinethanours.”SaysIsaacStern.“childrenarereadytotesttheirlimitseverydayinmanyfields,includingmusic.”      180.Whatdoesthephrase‘learningtouseacomputer’mean?Itsoundslike‘learningtodriveacar’;thatis,itsoundsasifthereissomesetofdefiniteskillsthat,onceacquired,enableonetouseacomputer.      参考答案:      171、但是如果对绩效差的业绩也进行奖励或者让人们对奖励有太多的预期,是很容易抹杀创造性的。      172、冰箱对环境的影响是显而易见的,而它对促进人们幸福的贡献却是微不足道的。      173、装载正确的软件来使它智能化可能要花费我们很长的时间,或者也可以改变它的结构,但同样的情况也会发生。      174、由于机器人的智能增长到了人脑的程度,加上通过规模经济降低了生产成本,我们可以使用它们来拓展前沿。      

3175、在将来,通过新一代人创造的财富和科技,建设一座可以容纳千百万人的人造大型太空站也是可以的。      176、后来,人们试着把建筑物从其基地上撑起来,在建筑物和地基间灌入橡胶和钢铁以减少地表震动的影响。      177、如果他们对于自己吹捧的东西不认真对待也不去执行的话,他们的孩子将在糊里糊涂中长大,并且当他们对自己进行一些思考的时候,他们会在情感上有不安全感并认为他们遭受了某种程度的欺骗。      178、因为所有这些原因,要进行有效读报的话,既要得到你需要的信息又不浪费时间,需要选择和应用良好的阅读技能和自我了解。      179、“在日本,是一个比我们更有纪律性和竞争性的社会。”IsaacStern说。“孩子们每天都准备在各个领域内冲刺极限,包括音乐。”      180、“学习使用计算机”这个短语是什么意思呢?听起来像是“学习驾驶汽车”也就是说,好象里面有一套确定的技能,一旦获得,就会使用计算机了。181.Theviewoveravalleyofatinyvillagewiththatched(草盖的)roofcottagesaroundachurch;adrivethroughanarrowvillagestreetlinedwiththatchedcottagespaintedpinkorwhite;thesightovertherollinghillsofaprettycollectionofthatchedfarmbuildings——thesearestillcommonsightsinpartsofEngland.   182.Competitionisnotonlygoodinitself,itisthemeansbywhichotherbasicAmericanvaluessuchasindividualfreedom,equalityofopportunity,andhardworkareprotected.   

4   183.Thefunctionofteachingistoceratetheconationsandtheclimatethatwillmakeitpossibleforchildrentodevisethemostefficientsystemforteachingthemselvestoread.      184.Learningtoreadismadeeasierwhenteacherscreateanenvironmentwherechildrenaregiventheopportunitytosolvetheproblemoflearningtoreadbyreading.      185.Thesourceofthisinterferenceremainsunconfirmed,butincreasingly,expertsarepointingtheblameatportableelectronicdevicessuchasportablecomputers,radioandcassetteplayersandmobiletelephones.      186.Andalthoughsomeairlinesprohibitpassengersfromusingsuchequipmentduringtake-offandlanding,mostarereluctanttoenforceatotalban,giventhatmanypassengerswanttoworkduringflights.      187.Theriseofmultinationalcorporations,globalmarketing,newcommunicationstechnologies,andshrinkingculturaldifferenceshaveledtoanunparalleledincreaseinglobalpublicrelationorPR.      188.Theprogressfromarattleusedbyababyin3000BCtooneusedbyaninfanttoday,however,isnotcharacterizedbyinventiveness.      189.Bentstripes,calledchevronspaintedontheroadsmakedriversthinkthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyare,andthusdriversslowdown.      190.Therefore,thetaskforDDBNeedhamwastoencourageconsumersto

5considerotheraspectsoftraininordertochangetheirattitudesandincreasethelikelihoodthattrainswouldbeconsideredfortravelinthewest.   参考答案:      181、在英格兰的某些地方,依然能够见到狭谷中环绕着教堂的茅草屋组成的小村庄,驾车穿过村庄里狭窄的街道时两旁是刷成了白色或者紫色的茅草小屋,从绵延的山顶上能看见美丽的茅草农场建筑。      182、竞争的价值不仅在其本身,通过竞争这种方式,其他的诸如个人自由,公平机会和勤奋劳动等美国价值观得以实现。      183、教育的功能是创造学习的欲望和气氛,使孩子们能够设计出一种最有效的方式来自学阅读。      184、如果老师创造出一种环境,使孩子们能够通过阅读来解决阅读的问题的话,学习阅读就变的简单多了。      185、这种干扰的来源还没有被确定,专家们指出可能是由于各种移动电子设备引起的,例如笔记本电脑,随身听和手机。      186、尽管有些航空公司禁止旅客在飞机起飞和降落的时候使用这些装备,考虑到许多旅客希望在飞行时工作,大多数公司还是不愿意全面禁止。

6      187、跨国公司,全球市场营销,新兴通讯技术和文化融合的发展,使全球公共关系或者说PR得到了不平行的发展。      188、公元前三千年的一个婴儿所发出的嘎嘎声到今天的婴儿的嘎嘎声的进步,并不能算是一种发明。      189、喷刷在马路上的弯曲的人字型条纹,使司机们觉得他们驾驶的速度比实际的快,因此司机会减速行驶      190、因此,DDBNeedham的任务就是鼓励消费者考虑火车的其他好处来改变他们的态度,使西方乘坐火车的可能性提高。191.Theseadswerestrategicallyplacedamongfamily-orientedTVshowsandprogramsinvolvingnatureandAmericainordertomosteffectivelyreachtargetaudiences.   192.Whydoescreamgobadfasterthanbutter?Someresearchersthinktheyhavetheanswer,anditcomesdowntothestructureofthefood,notitschemicalcomposition-afindingthatcouldhelpridsomeprocessedfoodsofchemicalpreservatives.      193.IfFIFA,football’sinternationalrulingbody,wantstoimprovethestandardofrefereeingatthenextWorldCup,itshouldencouragerefereestokeeptheireyesontheactionfromadistance,ratherthanrushingtokeepupwiththeball,theresearcherargues.      194.Whilestillinitsearlystages,welfarereformhasalreadybeenjudged

7agreatsuccessinmanystatesatleastingettingpeopleoffwelfare.      195.Butformany,thefactthatpoorpeopleareabletosupportthemselvesalmostaswellwithoutgovernmentaidastheydidwithitisinitselfahugevictory.      196.Americansareproudoftheirvarietyandindividuality,yettheyloveandrespectfewthingsmorethanauniform,whetheritistheuniformofanelevatoroperatorortheuniformofafive-stargeneral.      197.Sincewearesocialbeings,thequalityofourlivesdependsinlargemeasureonourinterpersonalrelationships.      198.Finally,otherpeoplemaygiveusinstrumentalsupport——financialaid,materialresources,andneededservices-thatreducesstressbyhelpingusresolveandcopewithourproblems.      199.IheadedofftocollegesureIwasgoingtohaveanadvantageoverthosestudentswhowenttobigengineering“factories”wheretheydidn’tcareifyouhavevaluesorwereflexible.      200.Recyclingalsostimulatesthelocaleconomybycreatingjobsandtrimsthepollutioncontrolandenergycostsofindustriesthatmakerecycledproductsbygivingthemamorerefinedrawmaterial.  

8    参考答案:      191、这些广告被放置在面向家庭的与自然和美国有关的电视节目里面,以便最有效的接触到目标观众      192、为什么奶油比黄油坏的快呢?已有些研究者认为他们找到了答案,这与食物的结构有关,而不是它的化学成分—这一发现使得有些化学处理保存食物的方法无效了。      193、研究者们认为:如果国际足球裁判组织FIFA想要在下一届世界杯比赛中提高评判水平的话,就应该远距离观察比赛,而不是冲进球场光盯着足球。      194、还在初级阶段的时候,福利改革在很多国家就是一个成功了—至少它使许多人摆脱了对福利的依靠。      195、但是对许多人来说,穷人们在没有政府的援助下自己养活自己本身就是一个巨大的胜利。      196、美国人对于多元化和个人个性感到骄傲,因此他们更加喜欢和看重的不是制服,不管是一个电梯操作员的制服还是五星上将的制服。      197、由于我们是社会动物,我们的生活质量在很大程度上取决于我们的人际关系。      198、最后,其他的人给我们提供物质性支持—经济援助,物质资料和必需服务—通过帮助我们处理问题来减轻我们的压力。

9      199、我就上了这样的大学,自以为比那些在工程“工厂”里的学生有更大的优势,在那里根本每人管里是否有价值观和灵活。      200、回收也能够通过创造就业机会来刺激本地经济,治理污染,通过给企业提供更加精练的原材料达到减少能源消耗的目的。161.Withsocialistsdemandinganendto‘wageslavery’anarchistssingingthepraisesofthevirtuesofdynamite,middle-of-the-roaderslikeSamuelGompersandMcGuire.   162.Thequickadoptionoftheschememayhaveindicatedlessaboutthestatelawmaker’srespectforworkingpeoplethanaboutafearofriskingtheiranger.      163.Intheolddays,childrenwerefamiliarwithbirthanddeathaspartoflife.ThisisperhapsthefirstgenerationofAmericanyoungsterswhohaveneverbeenclosebyduringthebirthofababyandhaveneverexperiencedthedeathofafamilymember.      164.Wefoundoutthatpatientswhohadbeendealtwithopenlyandfranklywerebetterabletocopewiththeapproachofdeathandfinallytoreachatruestageofacceptancepriortodeath.      165.Thestatusesweassumeoftenvarywiththepeopleweencounter,andchangethroughlife.   

10   166.Thismeansthatwefitoutactionstothoseofotherpeoplebasedonaconstantmentalprocessofappraisalandinterpretation.      167.Iwouldkeepputtingmydreamtothetest-eventhoughitmeantlivingwithuncertaintyandfearoffailure.      168.Anyattempttotracethedevelopmentfromthenoisesbabiesmaketotheirfirstspokenwords…”      169.Thisself-imitationleadsontodeliberateimitationofsoundsmadetothembyotherpeople.”      170.Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraisetocoldcash,affectmotivationandcreativity.   参考答案:      161、社会主义者强烈要求结束“薪水奴隶制”,而无政府主义者高唱“炸药”的价值,像Samuel和McGuire这样的中间道路者显得相对温和。      162、“劳动日”很快被采纳,更大程度上表明国家法律制定者害怕激起工人阶级的愤怒,并非体现对工人阶级的尊重。   

11   163、在过去,孩子们对出生和死亡非常熟悉,是他们生活的一部分。现在的孩子也许是从未目睹婴儿的降生和亲人的死亡的第一代美国人。      164、我们发现那些被公开坦诚地对待的病人在对待死亡的临近和接受死亡的问题上处理得更好。      165、我们采取的身份是随着接触的人的不同而改变,且一生都在变化。      166、这意味着我们在不断判断和解释别人的行为的心理过程中进行自己的行为。      167、我要不断地将梦想付诸实际的测试—尽管这意味着不确定和对失败的恐惧。      168、一切尝试对多话的小孩的发展追踪从他们说的第一句话开始……      169、这种自我模仿使他们故意模仿别人对他们说话的声音。      170、外部奖励,从热情洋溢的话语表扬到冷冰冰的现金,如何影响一个人的动机和创造力,对这一点,心理学家们采取完全不同的观点。151.Thetroubleisthatitisextremelydifficulttobesureaboutradiationdamage–--apersonmayfeelperfectlywell,butthecellsofhisorhersexorgansmaybedamaged,andthiswillnotbediscovereduntilthebirthofdeformed(畸形)childrenorevengrandchildren.   152.Intheend,only7outof19regularColadrinkerscorrectlyidentifiedtheirbrandofchoiceinallfortrails.Thediet-Coladrinkersdidalittleworse–only7of27identifiedallfoursamplecorrectly.

12      153.Tasteissuchasubjectivematterthatwedon’tusuallyconductpreferencetestsforfood.      154.Itseemssimpleenoughtodistinguishbetweentheorganismandthesurroundingenvironmentandtoseparateforcesactingonanorganismintothosethatareinternalandbiologicalandthosethatareexternalandenvironmental.      155.Butinactualpracticethissystembreaksdowninmanyways,becausetheorganismandtheenvironmentareconstantlyinteractingsothattheenvironmentismodifiedbytheorgainismandviceversa(反之亦然).      156.Inthecaseofman,thedifficultieswiththeenvironmentconceptareevenmorecomplicatedbecausewehavetodealwithmanasananimalandwithmanasabearer(持有者)ofculture.      157.Ifwelookatmanasananimalandtrytoanalyzetheenvironmentalforcesthatareactingontheorganism,wefindthatwehavetodealwiththingslikeclimate,soil,plants,andsuchlikefactorscommontoallbiologicalsituations;butwealsofind,always,veryimportantenvironmentalinfluencesthatwecanonlyclassas“cultural”,whichmodifythephysicalandbiologicalfactors.      158.Wethuseasilygetintogreatdifficultiesfromthenecessityofviewingculture,atonemoment,asapartofthemanand,atanothermoment,asapartoftheenvironment.   

13   159.Unawarethattheirownabilityhasdevelopedthroughtheyears,theyassumethenewgenerationofyoungpeoplemustbehopelessinthisrespect.      160SincethisconcernaboutthedeclineandfalloftheEnglishlanguageisnotperceivedasagenerationphenomenonbutratherassomethingnewandpeculiartotoday'syoungpeople,itnatruallyfollowsthattoday'sEnglishteacherscannotbedoingtheirjobs.    参考答案:      151、问题是很难明确辐射的伤害—一个人可能感觉良好,但他(她)的性器官细胞可能受到损伤,而且有些直到生下畸形儿甚至是畸形孙儿才会被发现。      152、最后,只有7/19的传统可乐爱好者正确地辨别出了他们的品牌,而低糖可乐爱好者水平更差—只有7/27的人辩出了四种混合的品牌。      153、口味是个非常主观的问题,所以对于食物我们一般不进行偏好测试。      154、区分周围的环境或者有机物体,以及分辨作用于有机物的影响力是生物内部的还是来自于外部环境的,看起来非常简单。   

14   155、但是在实际中这套系统在很多方面失败了,因为有机物和环境在不断相互作用,所以环境在不断被有机物修改,反过来也是一样。      156、对于人类来说,环境概念的问题更加复杂。因为我们不得不把人类当为动物,又不得不把人当为文化的持有者来对待。      157、如果我们将人类看作动物来尝试解释作用在有机物上的环境影响力的话,我们不得不处理像气候,土壤,植物和一些对于所有生物环境来说共同的因素,但我们也发现,“文化”的影响也非常重大,它可以改变物理和生物因素。      158、所以我们很容易在对待文化的问题上陷入困境,有时候,我们将其看作人类的一部分,有时候,又作为环境的一部分。      159、因为不了解这些你那里他们的能力已经进步了,他们认为在这个方面新一代的年轻人肯定没有希望了。      160、既然这种关于英语语言的衰退的担忧并不被看作一个一代人的现象,而是特指对于今天的年轻人的一种新现象,所以可以很自然地认为现在的英语老师工作做得不好。141.Thoughmostdictionaryhaveasystemofmakingwordsasobsolete,orinuseonlyasslang,manypeople,moreespeciallyiftheiruseofaparticularwordhasbeenchallenged,arelikelytoconclude,iftheyfinditinadictionary,thatitisacceptedasbeingusedbywritersofestablishedreputation.   142.Peoplecanberelativelyrichonlyifothersarerelativelypoor,andsincepowerisconcentratedinthehandsoftherich,publicpolicieswillcontinuetoreflecttheirinterestsratherthanthoseofthepoor.

15      143.Socialchangeismorelikelytooccurinsocietieswherethereisamixtureofdifferentkindsofpeoplethaninsocietieswherepeoplearesimilarinmanyways.      144.Inafamilywheretherolesofmenandwomenarenotsharplyseparatedandwheremanyhouseholdtasksaresharedtoagreaterorlesserextent,Notionsofmalesuperiorityarehardtomaintain.      145.Insuchahome,thegrowingboyandgirllearntoacceptthatequalitymoreeasilythandidtheirparentsandtopreparemorefullyforparticipationinaworldcharacterizedbyco-operationratherthanbythe“battleofthesexes.”      146.Thefamilyisaco-operativeenterpriseforwhichitisdifficulttolaydownrules,becauseeachfamily,needstoworkoutitsownwaysforsolvingitsownproblems.      147.Besidesservingtheindefiniteneedsofitsnativespeakers,Englishisalanguageinwhichsomeofimportantworksinscience,technology,andotherfieldsarebeingproduced,andnotalwaysbynativespeakers.      148.Andsomeonewithahistoryofdoingmoreratherthanlesswillgointooldagemorecognitivelysoundthansomeonewhohasnothadanactivemind.      149.Perfectionistsstruggleoverlittlethingsatthecostofsomethinglargertheyworktoward.

16      150.Menarenaturallymostimpressedbydiseaseswhichhaveobvioussigns,yetsomeoftheirworstenemiesslowlyapproachthemunnoticed.   参考答案:      141、尽管许多字典将有些词汇定义为“过时”或者说“只作口语用”,但许多人对某些词汇的用法不解时,当他们查完字典,却往往发现许多知名作家也在作品中正式使用。      142、人们只能是相对富裕,而另一些人就相对贫穷了。既然权力是集中在富人的手中,公共政策就将继续反应他们的利益而不是穷人的利益了。      143、社会变化在有多种人群汇集的社会里比仅有相似人群的社会里更容易发生。      144、如果一个家庭里面男女的角色不是明显地分开,家务事由双方分担的话,大男子主义就很难维持了。      145、在这样的家庭中长大的孩子们比他们的父母更容易参与到以合作为特征的社会中去,而不靠什么“性别之争”。      146、家庭就像是一个合作式的企业一样,很难制定统一的规则,因为每个家庭都需要自己的独特的解决问题的办法。   

17   147、除了以英语为母语的人大量地使用英语外,很多重要的科学、技术文献也是由英语写成,而且作者不仅仅是以英语为母语的人。      148、比起那些头脑不活跃的人来说,年轻时喜欢尽量从事更多工作的人年老后更有认识力。      149、完美主义者倾向于为了一点小事花费比事情本身更大的代价去完成。      150、人类自然地对于那些有明显特征的疾病有深刻的印象,然而他们最可怕的敌人往往在未被人注意时慢慢接近他们。81.Bothnovelistsuseastorytellingmethodthatemphasizesironicdisjunctionsbetweendifferentperspectivesonthesameeventsaswellasironictensionsthatinhereintherelationshipbetweensurfacedramaandconcealedauthoricalintention,amethodIcallanevidentiarynarrativetechnique.   82.Whenblackpoetsarediscussedseparatelyasagroup,forinstance,theextenttowhichtheirworkreflectsthedevelopmentofpoetryingeneralshouldnotbeforgotten,oradistortionofliteracyhistorymayresult.      83.Thesedifferencesincludethebolderandmoreforthrightspeechofthelatergenerationanditstechnicalinventiveness.      84.Butblackpoetswerenotbattlingoveroldornewrather,oneaccomplishedBlackpoetwasreadytowelcomeanother,whateverhisorherstyle,forwhatmatteredwasracialpride.

18      85.Tolstoyreversedallpreconceptionsandineveryreversalheoverthrewthe“system”,the“machine”,theexternallyordainedbelief,theconventionalbehaviourinfavorofunsystematic,impulsivelife,ofinwardmotivationandthesolutionsofindependentthought.      86.ItwasbettercoveredbytelevisionandpressthananyeventheresincePresidentKennedy’sinauguration(就职),and,sinceindifferentisalmostasgreataproblemtotheNegroashostility,thiswasaplus.      87.ButdonotthechallengeandtheexcitementofthecriticalproblemassuchlieinthatambivalenceofattitudewhichallowsustorecognizetheintelligenceandeventhesplendorofMeredith’swork,while,atthesametime,weexperiencealackofsympathy,afailureofanyenthusiasmofresponse?      88.Inthisrespectsheresembledoneofherfavouritecontemporaries,MaryBrunton,whowouldratherhave“glidedthroughtheworldunknown”thanbeensuspectedofliteraryairs—tobeshunned,asliterarywomenare,bythemorepretendingoftheirownsex,andabhorred,asliterarywomenare,bythemorepretendingoftheother!      89.Fromthosesoundswhichwehearonsmalloroncoarseoccasions,wedonoteasilyreceivestrongimpressions,ordelightfulimages;andwordstowhichwearenearlystrangers,whenevertheyoccur,drawthatattentiononthemselveswhichtheyshouldtransmittothings.   

19   90.Toproceedthusistosetupafivefoldhypothesisthatenablesyoutogatherfromtheinnumerableitemscastupbytheseaofexperienceupontheshoresofyourobservationonlythelimitednumberofrelevantdata—relevant,thatis,tooneormoreofthefivefactorsofyourhypothesis.                           参考答案:      81、两种小说家都使用一种讲故事的方法,来强调同一事件不同角度的讽刺差别和浅显戏剧与隐藏的权威倾向的讽刺联系,我称之为明显的叙述技巧。      82、如果把黑人诗人当作一个群体来讨论的话,比如说,他们的作品反应的诗歌发展历史的程度不该被忘记,可能会产生文学历史的一些改变。      83、这些不同包括了下一代人大胆直率的言辞和他们的技术发明性。      84、但是黑人诗人并不争论关于第的问题,一个有成就的黑人诗人总欢迎新人,不管他们的风格怎样,因为真正重要的是种族自豪。      85、托尔斯泰推翻了所有预想,每一次他都抛弃了“系统”和“机械”

20的东西,外部规定的信念,情绪冲动的生活和非系统的传统行为,内部激励和独立思考的解决方案。      86、这种冷谈正如对黑人的敌意一样是个大问题,而电视和报纸对肯尼迪总统就职典礼的报道胜过对其它事件的报道,是一个意外的收获。      87、但是难道这不是关键问题的挑战和刺激而就其本身而言是存在于矛盾的态度里面。这样的态度让我们认识到Meredith’s作品中智慧和卓越,然而与此同时,我们有了缺乏同情和不能有任何热情反应的经历。      88、在这方面,她很像所喜欢的同时代人中的一位MaryBrunton一样被回避着,和许多女性作家更多的来掩饰其性别憎恶,和其它方面,Mary是宁愿在无名的世界中悄然而去,也不愿被怀疑是在卖弄文艺。      89、我们在小场合或是粗鲁的场合听到的声音,不容易有强烈的印象或是令人愉悦的形象。对于那些生词,无论什么时候出现,我们要把注意力放到传达意义上。      90、为了继续进行,要创立一种5重假设,使你能够从经验的海洋中搜集到无尽的细节,然后抛到观察的海岸上,只有有限的相关数据,也就是说,在假设中的五个因素里面有一个或多个。61.Ofcourse,itwouldbeasdangeroustooverreacttohistorybyconcludingthatthemajoritymustnowbewrongaboutexpansionasitwouldbetore-enacttheresponsethatgreetedthesuggestionthatthecontinentshaddrifted.62.Whilethefactofthisconsumerrevolutionishardlyindoubt,threekeyquestionsremain:whoweretheconsumers?Whatweretheirmotives?Andwhatweretheeffectofthenew

21demandforluxuries?63.Althoughithasbeenpossibletoinferfromthegoodsandservicesactuallyproducedwhatmanufacturersandservicingtradesthoughttheircustomerswanted,onlyastudyofrelevantpersonaldocumentswrittenbyactualconsumerswillprovideaprecisepictureofwhowantedwhat.64.Withrespecttotheirreasonsforimmigrating,Grassydoesnotdenytheirfrequentlynotedfactthatsomeoftheimmigrantsofthe1630’s,mostnotablytheorganizersandclergy,advancedreligiousexplanationsfordeparture,buthefindsthatsuchexplanationsusuallyassumedprimacyonlyinretrospect.65.Ifwetaketheage-andsex-specificunemploymentratesthatexistedin1956(whentheoverallunemploymentratewas4.1percent)andweightthembytheage-andsex-specificsharesofthelaborforcethatprevailcurrently,theoverallunemploymentratebecomes5percent.66.HewaspuzzledthatIdidnotwantwhatwasobviouslya“stepup”towardwhatallAmericansaretaughttowantwhentheygrowup:moneyandpower.67.Unlessproductivitygrowthisunexpectedlylarge,however,theexpansionofrealoutputmusteventuallybegintoslowdowntotheeconomy’slargerrungrowthpotentialifgeneralizeddemandpressuresonpricesaretobeavoided.68.However,wheninvestmentflowsprimarilyinonedirection,asitgenerallydoesfromindustrialtodevelopingcountries,theseeminglyreciprocalsource-basedrestrictions

22producerevenuesacrificesprimarilybythestatereceivingmostoftheforeigninvestmentandproducingmostoftheincome—namely,thedevelopingcountrypartner.69.ThepursuitofprivateinterestswithaslittleinterferenceaspossiblefromgovernmentwasseenastheroadtohumanhappinessandprogressratherthanthepublicobligationandinvolvementinthecollectivecommunitythatemphasizedbytheGreeks.70.Thedefenselawyerreliedonlong-standingprinciplesgoverningtheconductofprosecutingattorneys:asquasi-judicialofficersofthecourttheyareunderadutynottoprejudiceaparty’scasethroughoverzealousprosecutionortodetractfromtheimpartialityofcourtroo

23matmosphere.参考答案:61、当然,对历史反应过度以致结论说关于扩张的问题大多数人都错了与重新形成对大陆漂浮建议理论的反应一样,是危险的。将来对于这些关键问题的研究毫无疑问是必要的,然而不应该否定最近研究结论的说服力,在18世纪的英格兰对于一些微不足道和有使用价值的商品和服务的需求,预示了我们今天的世界。62、然而这种消费革命的情况还有疑问,三个关键的问题是:消费者是什么人?他们的动机是什么?对于奢侈品的新型需求的效果是什么?63、尽管从生产厂商和服务行业认为他们的顾客需要并实际生产的产品或者提供的服务来推断他是可能的。但只有对实际的消费者填写的个人资料的研究才能清楚地描述顾客的需求。64、对于他们移民原因的细节,Grassy并不否认他们经常提出的事实-17世纪30年代的一些移民主要由组织家和牧师组成,提出了要离开的宗教解释,但他发现只是以回顾的方式推定的基本情况。65、如果我们将1956年(当时的平均失业率为4、1%)的年龄和性别失业率分来用今天一般的劳动力中年龄性别比来计算的话,平均失业率就是5%了。66、他很迷惑我并不想要明显的是所有美国人被教导长大后要追求的东西:金钱和权力。67、除非生产力的增长出人意料的大,不然实际产出的扩大最终要开始减缓以适应经济的可持续发展,这样才能避免价格的综合需求压力。68、然而,当投资基本上流向一个方面时,就像一般从工业化到一般发展中国家一样,看起来是基于双方资源的规定产生的收入损失主要由接收大量外国投资和创造大部分收益的国家来承担-即发展中国家一方。69、尽可能没有政府干预地追求个人利益被看作为通往人类幸福的道路和进步,而不是像希腊人强调的集体社会中的公共义务与参与。70、辩护律师依靠长期作用的准则来约束原告律师的行来:作为法庭的准司法人员,他们有责任不能过分起诉来偏见性对待一方的案子或者破坏法庭的公正气氛。

2451.Eventhedoctoraldegree,longrecognizedasarequired“unioncard”intheacademicworld,hascomeunderseverecriticismasthepursuitoflearningforitsownsakeandtheaccumulationofknowledgewithoutimmediateapplicationtoaprofessor’sclassroomduties.52.Whileaselectionofnecessarydetailsisinvolvedinboth,theofficermustremainneutralandclearlytrytopresentapictureofthefacts,whiletheartistusuallybeginswithapreconceivedmessageorattitudewhichisthentransmittedthroughtheuseofcarefullyselecteddetailsofactiondescribedinwordsintendedtoprovokeassociationsandemotionalreactionsinthereader.53.ArticlesinthepopularpressevencriticizetheGrossNationalProduction(GNP)becauseitisnotsuchacompleteindexofwelfare,ignoring,ontheonehand,thatitwasneverintendedtobe,andsuggesting,ontheother,thatwithappropriatechangesitcouldbeconvertedintoone.54.Otherexperimentsrevealedslightvariationsinthesize,number,arrangement,andinterconnectionofthenervecells,butasfaraspsychoneuaralcorrelationswereconcerned,theobvioussimilaritiesofthesesensoryfieldstoeachotherseemedmuchmoreremarkablethananyoftheminutedifferences.55.TheChinesehavedistributedpublicationstofarmersandotherruralresidentsinstructingtheminwhattowatchfortheiranimalssothateveryhouseholdcanjoininhelpingtopredictearthquakes.56.SupportersoftheStarWarsdefensesystemhopethatthiswouldnotonly

25protectanationagainstanactualnuclearattack,butwouldbeenoughofathreattokeepanuclearwarfromeverhappening.57.Neitherwoulditpreventcruisemissilesorbombers,whoseflightsarewithintheEarth’satmosphere,fromhittingtheirtargets.58.CivilrightsactivistshavelongarguedthatoneoftheprincipalreasonswhyBlacks,Hispanics,andotherminoritygroupshavedifficultyestablishingthemselvesinbusinessisthattheylackaccesstothesizableordersandsubcontractsthataregeneratedbylargecompanies.59.Duringthenineteenthcentury,sheargues,theconceptofthe“useful”childwhocontributedtothefamilyeconomygavewaygraduallytothepresentdaynotionofthe“useless”childwho,thoughproducingnoincomefor,andindeedextremelycostlytoitsparents,isyetconsideredemotionally“priceless”.60.Wellestablishedamongsegmentsofthemiddleandupperclassesbythemid-1800’s,thisnewviewofchildhoodspreadthroughoutsocietyinthelatenineteenthandearlytwentiethcenturiesasreformersintroducedchildlaborregulationsandcompulsoryeducationlawspredictedinpartontheassumptionthatachild’semotionalvaluemadechildlabortabo

26o。参考答案:51、即使是学术界被长时间认作必须“同盟卡”的博士学位,现在也因为仅仅为了学习本身和知识的累积而学习,却不把知识应用到教授的教学职责中去而受到了严厉的批评。52、尽管收集必要的信息对于两者来说都是需要的,但官员必须以中立和清晰的态度来提供事实的画面,而艺术家从已设字的信息或者态度开始,并将其过用激发读者共鸣和情绪反应的词语描写的动用细节描述出来。53、流行期刊中甚至有文章批评国民生产总值,因为它并不是一个福利目录,一方面忽视了它从来就没有这种倾向,另一方面的建议是通过正确的改变它才能被转化过来。54、其他的实验揭示神经细胞的大小、数量、排列和连接的细微变化,但就神经关联而言,这些感觉区域的相似性比那些细微的区别更有意义可言。55、中国向农民和其它农村住户发放了宣传刊物,指导他们观察动物,以便每户人家都能参与帮助地震预报。56、星球大战防御系统的支持者们希望它不仅能保护一个遭受核攻击的国家,也希望它能成为使核攻击永不发生的足够威胁。57、它也不能防止轨道在地球大气层以内的洲际导弹和轰炸机命中目标。58、人民活动家一直认为黑人和拉丁美人难以在生意上立足的原因是因为他们难以取得大公司的大宗定单和分包合同。59、她认为十九世纪给家庭经济作出贡献的孩子才“有用”的概念慢慢改变了,今天提到那些没有挣取收入的“无用”孩子,甚至还要花销很多,仍然在情感上被认为是无价的。60、这种关于孩子的观点到19世纪时已在中上阶级中建立,并于19世纪末20世纪初在社会上广泛传播,当时改革者们推行童工规定和义务教育法,部分来源于孩子的情感价值的假设,这都使得使用童工被禁止了41.HisthesisworksrelativelywellwhenappliedtodiscriminationagainstBlacksintheUnitedStates,buthisdefinitionofracialprejudiceas“racially-basednegativeprejudgmentsagainstagroupgenerallyacceptedasaraceinanygivenregionofethniccompetition,”canbeinterpretedasalsoincludinghostilitytowardsuchethnicgroupsastheChineseinCaliforniaandtheJewsinmedievalEurope.   42.GutmanarguesconvincinglythatthestabilityoftheBlackfamilyencouragedthetransmissionofandsowascrucialinsustaining—theBlackheritageoffolklore,music,andreligiousexpressionfromonegenerationtoanother,aheritagethatslaveswerecontinuallyfashioningoutoftheirAfricanandAmericanexperiences.      43.Eventhefolkknowledgeinsocialsystemsonwhichordinarylifeisbasedinearning,spending,organizing,marrying,takingpartinpoliticalactivities,fightingandsoon,isnotverydissimilarfromthemoresophisticatedimagesofthesocialsystemderivedfromthesocialsciences,eventhoughitisbuiltupontheveryimperfectsamplesofpersonalexperience.   

27   44.Thereareseveralstepsthatcanbetaken,ofwhichthechiefoneistodemandofalltheorganizationsthatexistwiththedeclaredobjectivesofsafeguardingtheinterestsofanimalsthattheyshoulddeclareclearlywheretheystandonviolencetowardspeople.      45.Itwaspossibletodemonstratebyothermethodsrefinedstructuraldifferencesamongneurontypes,however,proofwaslackingthatthequalityoftheimpulseoritsconductionwasinfluencedbythesedifferences,whichseemedinsteadtoinfluencethedevelopmentalpatterningoftheneuralcircuits.      46.Accordingtothistheory,itisnotthequalityofthesensorynerveimpulsesthatdeterminesthediverseconscioussensationstheyproduce,butratherthedifferentareasofthebrainintowhichtheydischarge,andthereissomeevidenceforthisview.41.HisthesisworksrelativelywellwhenappliedtodiscriminationagainstBlacksintheUnitedStates,buthisdefinitionofracialprejudiceas“racially-basednegativeprejudgmentsagainstagroupgenerallyacceptedasaraceinanygivenregionofethniccompetition,”canbeinterpretedasalsoincludinghostilitytowardsuchethnicgroupsastheChineseinCaliforniaandtheJewsinmedievalEurope.      47.Theresultofattritionisthat,wheretheareasofthewholeleavesfollowanormaldistribution,abimodaldistributionisproduced,onepeakcomposedmainlyoffragmentedpieces,theotherofthelargerremains.      48.TheBibledoesnottellushowtheRomancensustakersmadeout,andasregardsourmoreimmediateconcern,thereliabilityofpresentdayeconomic

28forecasting,thereareconsiderabledifferenceofopinion.      49.AsurveyconductedinBritainconfirmedthatanabnormallyhighpercentageofpatientssufferingfromarthritisofthespinewhohadbeentreatedwithXrayscontractedcancer.50.Yetacrossthegulfofspace,mindsthataretoourmindsasoursaretothoseofthebeaststhatperish,intellectsvastandcoolandunsympathetic,regardedthisearthwithenviouseyes,andslowlyandsurelydrewtheirplansagainstus.               参考答案:      41、对于针对美国黑人的种族歧视,他的理论相对成立得较好,但是他将种族偏见如此定义:“在某一特定区域内的种族竞争中被普遍接受的一个种族所受到的基于种族的负面偏见。”可以看作也包含有对象加州的中国人以及中世纪的犹太人等少数民族的敌视。      42、加特曼确凿地说明黑人家庭的稳定鼓励了黑人文化遗产的传递和维护,这些遗产包括从一代传到另一代的民间传说,音乐,和宗教表述,这些遗产使非洲和美洲的奴隶们特色显著。      43、即使社会系统的民间知识中像挣钱,花费,组织,婚嫁,政治活动的参与,以及战斗等等,都与从社会科学中衍生出来更加精细的社会系统描述相差不多,尽管它是建立在一个不太完善的个人经验上的模型。   

29   44、有几项措施可以采取,其中主要的是要所有宣布以保护动物利益为目标的组织都明确宣布他们对于人类所受到的暴力袭击表决坚定的立场、      45、用其他方式来展示神经类型的细微差别也是可能的,然而,要证明脉冲质量和传导受到这些差别的影响还缺乏证据,看起来这些差别影响的是神经单元的发展形成方式。      46、根据这一理论,不是由感觉神经脉冲的质量来决定他们产生的各种神经感觉的,而是由他们被发射到大脑的哪一部位来决定的,对这一观点是有证据的。      47、磨擦的结果是,在叶面上服从正态分布的地方就会产生两种分布方式,顶点上主要是小块,其他的地方是小块,其他的地方是大块的地方。      48、圣经没有告诉我们罗马的数据统计者们怎样达到我们今天的经济预测的可靠性的,我们进一步思考的话,其中的意见上有很大的不同。      49、在英国进行的一项调查证实经常接受X光照射的脊椎关节炎患者癌症的百分比高得不正常。      50、然而,穿过太空的港湾,那里的意识对于我们的来说就像我们的意识比动物的意识一样,冷酷广博而无情的智慧,用嫉妒的眼睛看作地球,慢慢地肯定会制定针对我们的计划。    31.Giventhenatureofgovernmentandprivateemployers,itseemsmostlikelythatdiscriminationbyprivateemployerswouldbegreater.

30   32.Thereleaseofthecarboninthesecompoundsforrecyclingdependsalmostentirelyontheactionofbothaerobicandanaerobicbacteriaandcertaintypesoffungi.      33.Aspiriteddiscussionspringsupbetweenayounggirlwhosaysthatwomenhaveoutgrownthejumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-amouseeraandamajorwhosaysthattheyhaven’t.      34.Theyaretryingtofindoutwhetherthereissomethingaboutthewayweteachlanguagetochildrenwhichinfactpreventschildrenfromlearningsooner.      35.Mathematicianswhohavetriedtousethecomputerstocopythewaythebrainworkshavefoundthatevenusingthelatestelectronicequipmenttheywouldhavetobuildacomputerwhichweighedover10,000kilos.      36.Sincedifferentpeopleliketodosomanydifferentthingsintheirsparetime,wecouldmakealonglistofhobbies,takingineverythingfromcollectingmatchboxesandraisingrarefish,tolearningaboutthestarsandmakingmodelships.      37.Theyknowthatasealswimmingundertheicewillkeepabreathingholeopenbyitswarmbreath,sotheywillwaitbesidetheholeandkillit.      38.Wemaybeabletodecidewhethersomeoneiswhiteonlybyseeingiftheyhavenoneofthefeaturesthatwouldmarkthemclearlyasamemberofanotherrace.      39.Althoughsignsofdishonestyinschool,businessandgovernmentseem

31muchmorenumerousinyearsthaninthepast,coulditbethatwearegettingbetteratrevealingsuchdishonesty?      40.Itisnotquiteamatterofdisagreeingwiththetheoryofindependence,butofrejectingitsimplications:thattheromancesmaybetakeninanyornoparticularorder,thattheyhavenocumulativeeffect,andthattheyareasseparateastheworksofamodernnovelist.参考答案:       31、根据政府和私人雇主的性质来看,私人雇主更有可能采取歧视。      32、这种化合物通过碳的释放来实现循环,主要依靠喜氧和厌氧细菌以及一些菌类的活动。      33、一场激烈的争论在一个女孩和一位少校中展开了,前者说女人们已经不再“看到老鼠就从椅子上跳起来”了,而后者说她们依然那样。      34、他们在尝试寻找是否我们教授孩子们语言的方法中有阻碍孩子们迅速学习语言的东西。

32      35、使用计算机来拷贝大脑工作方式的数学家们发现即使使用最先进的电子设备,他们也要建造一台超过10,000公斤的计算机。      36、既然不同的人们在他们的业余时间做不同的事情,我们可以列出一长串爱好列表,包括从收集火柴盒到养珍稀鱼类以及学习星学和制造航模等各种消遣。      37、他们知道在冰面下面游泳的海豹呼吸的热气会使冰面上出现洞口,于是他们就在洞旁守侯并捕杀海豹。      38、只要一个人没有属于其他人种的明显的特征,我们就可以判断他是否属于白色人种。      39、尽管在学校,企业和政府中不诚实的欺诈行为近年来比以往都要多,大那也许是因为我们在这些方面加大了揭露的力度。      40、并不是与独立理论不一致,而是与其应用不相符合:爱情小说可以以任何一种形式展现或者根本没有特殊的规律,他们没有累积效果,就象现代小说家的作品一样独立。21.Foreverycoursethathefollowsastudentisgivenagrade,whichisrecorded,andtherecordisavailableforthestudenttoshowtoprospectiveemployers.   22.Allthisimposesaconstantpressureandstrainofwork,butinspiteofthissomestudentsstillfindtimeforgreatactivityinstudentaffairs.      23.Theeffectiveworkofmaintainingdisciplineisusuallyperformedbystudentswhoadvisetheacademicauthorities.

33      24.Muchfamilyquarrellingendswhenhusbandsandwivesrealizewhattheseenergycyclesmean,andwhichcycleeachmemberofthefamilyhas.      25.Wheneverpossible,doroutineworkintheafternoonandsavetasksrequiringmoreenergyorconcentrationforyoursharperhours.      26.Wealsovaluepersonalqualitiesandsocialskills,andwefindthatmixed-abilityteachingcontributestoalltheseaspectsoflearning.      27.Theyalsolearnhowtocopewithpersonalproblemsaswellaslearninghowtothink,tomakedecisions,toanalyseandevaluate,andtocommunicateeffectively.      28.Theproblemis,howtoencourageachildtoexpresshimselffreelyandconfidentlyinwritingwithoutholdinghimbackwiththecomplexitiesofspelling?      29.Itmayhavebeenasharpcriticismofthepupil’stechnicalabilitiesinwriting,butitwasalsoasadreflectionontheteacherwhohadomittedtoreadtheessay,whichcontainedsomebeautifulexpressionsofthechild’sdeepfeelings.      30.Theteacherwasnotwrongtodrawattentiontotheerrors,butifhisprioritieshadcentredonthechild’sideas,anexpressionofhisdisappointmentwiththepresentationwouldhavegiventhepupilmoremotivationtoseekimprovement.   

34                                 答案:      21、学生们所学的每一门课程都有分数,而且要被记录存档,这可以用来提供给将来学生的雇主们。      22、所有这些给学生们施加了很大的压力,尽管如此,学生们还是积极参加学生活动。      23、而有效遵守纪律的学生们往往是那些经常给校方提建议的学生。      24、当丈夫们和妻子们认识到这种能量圈的意思以及各个家庭成员所处的圈之后,许多家庭争吵就结束了。      25、只要可能,在下午做那些程序化的工作,把需要更多能量的工作留到你效率最好的时候去做。   

35   26、我们也很看重个人品德和社交技能,我们发现混合能力的教育对学习的各个方面都有帮助。      27、他们也要学习如何处理个人问题和怎样思考,怎样决策、分析和评估以及有效沟通。      28、问题是,怎样鼓励一个孩子在写作时自由自信的表达自己,而不被拼写的复杂所捆绕。      29、这可能是对学生在写作中的技术能力的尖锐批评,但也是老师的失败的悲哀反映——忽略了朗读文章,这其中优美的表达可以激发孩子们的深刻感受。      30、老师注重错误没错,但是如果他更注重孩子的思想的话,他失望的表现会使孩子有提高的动力。11.Weknowthatyouhaveahighopinionofthekindoflearningtaughtinyourcolleges,andthatthecostsoflivingofouryoungmen,whilewithyou,wouldbeveryexpensivetoyou.   12.Butyoumustknowthatdifferentnationshavedifferentwaysoflookingatthings,andyouwillthereforenotbeoffendedifourideasofthiskindofeducationhappennottobethesameasyours.      13.Weare,however,notthelessobligedbyyourkindoffer,thoughwerefusetoacceptit;and,toshowourgratefulsenseofit,ifthegentlemenofVirginiawillsendusadozenoftheirsons,wewilltakecareoftheireducation,teachtheminallweknow,andmakemenofthem.

36      14.Inwhatnowseemsliketheprehistorictimesofcomputerhistory,theearth’spostwarera,therewasquiteawide-spreadconcernthatcomputerswouldtakeovertheworldfrommanoneday.      15.Alreadytoday,lessthanfortyyearslater,ascomputersarerelievingusofmoreandmoreoftheroutinetasksinbusinessandinourpersonallives.Wearefacedwithalessdramaticbutalsolessforeseenproblem.      16.Obviously,therewouldbenopointininvestinginacomputerifyouhadtocheckallitsanswers,butpeopleshouldalsorelyontheirowninternalcomputersandcheckthemachinewhentheyhavethefeelingthatsomethinghasgonewrong.      17.CertainlyNewtonconsideredsometheoreticalaspectsofitinhiswritings,buthewasreluctanttogotoseatofurtherhiswork.      18.Formostpeopletheseawasremote,andwiththeexceptionofearlyintercontinentaltravellersorotherswhoearnedalivingfromthesea,therewaslittlereasontoaskmanyquestionsaboutit,letalonetoaskwhatlaybeneaththesurface.      19.Thefirsttimethatthequestion“Whatisatthebottomoftheoceans?”hadtobeansweredwithanycommercialconsequencewaswhenthelayingofatelegraphcablefromEuropetoAmericawasproposed.      20.Attheearlyattempts,thecablefailedandwhenitwastakenoutfor

37repairsitwasfoundtobecoveredinlivinggrowths,afactwhichdefiedcontemporaryscientificopinionthattherewasnolifeinthedeeperpartsofthesea.答案:       11、我们知道你们很看重你们在大学里面教育的学习方法,而且我们的年轻人与你们生活的花费即使对于你们来说也不便宜。      12、但是你们也要明白不同的民族看待事物有不同的方法,所以如果刚好我们的看法与你们的不一样的话,你们也不应觉的被冒犯了。      13、当然,对于你们的盛情我们没有被逼迫的感觉,尽管我们拒绝接受。而且,为了表示我们的感谢,如果维吉利亚洲的绅士们愿意派来一些他们的子弟的话,我们会尽全力教育他们,并把他们培养成为真正的男人。      14、在这个像是计算机史前时代的时代,地球的战后时代,人们普遍担忧有一天计算机会取代人类控制世界。      15、今天或者不到五十年后,计算机将越来越多的减轻人们的工作事务和日常琐事。我们也将面对一个没有什么戏剧性和更不可预测的问题。      

3816、显然,如果你不得不检查计算机提供的所有答案的话,对它投资就没有任何意义了。但是当人们觉的计算机确实出了一些问题的时候,应该靠自己内部的“计算机”来检查机器。      17、当然牛顿在他的作品中写到了一些理论方面的东西,但他不愿进行更加深刻的研究。      18、除了一些洲际旅行者和以大海为生的人,对于大多数人来说,大海是遥远的,没有什么必要提出太多问题,更别说思考大海海底的东西了。      19、当铺设一条从欧洲到美洲的海底电报光缆的时候,出于商业动机,人们第一次不得不回答这个问题“海底是什么东西”。      20、在早期的尝试中,光缆铺设失败,不得不取出来维修。这时人们发现上面覆盖有生物,这推翻了当时科学界认为深海没有生命的理论。91.Asanauthor,IamnaturallyconcernedthatasurprisinglylargepercentageofthepopulationoftheUnitedStatesisfunctionallyilliterate;iftheycan’treadorcannotunderstandwhattheyread,theywon’tbuybooks,orthismagazine.   92.Theydonotknowthosepartsofthedoctrinewhichexplainandjustifytheremainder;theconsiderationswhichshowthatafactwhichseeminglyconflictswithanotherisreconcilablewithit,orthat,oftwoapparentlystrongreasons,oneandnottheotheroughttobepreferred.      93.Quiteapartfromthelogisticproblems,thereexistedawell-establishedtraditioninBritainwhichrefusedtorepatriateagainsttheirwillpeoplewhofoundthemselvesinBritishhandsandthenatureofwhosereceptionbytheirowngovernment

39was,tosaytheleast,dubious.      94.AnobsessionwiththeexactprivilegesofacoloniallegislatureandthepreciseextentofBritain’simperialpower,thespecificsofastateconstitutionandtheabsolutenecessityofafederalone,allexpressedthisurgeforacarefularticulationasproofthattherightrelationshipwithexternalpowersdidindeedprevail.      95.Oneencyclopaediatellsusthatintelligenceisrelatedtotheabilitytolearn,tothespeedwithwhichthingsarelearned,tohowwellandhowlongideasareremembered,totheabilitytounderstandthoseideasandusetheminproblem-solving,andtocreativity.      96.TheeventmarkedtheendofanextendedeffortbyWilliamBartonRogers,M.I.T.‘sfounderandfirstpresident,tocreateanewkindofeducationalinstitutionrelevanttothetimesandtothecontrary’sneed,whereyoungmenandwomenwouldbeeducatedintheapplicationaswellastheacquisitionofknowledge.      97.Eachdepartmentalprogramconsists,inpart,ofagroupingofsubjectsinthedepartment’sareasofprofessionalinterestand,inpart,ofadditionalopportunitiesforstudentsoftheirchoice.      98.Alternatively,astudentmayuseelectivetimetoprepareforadvancedstudyinsomeprofessionalfield,suchasmedicineorlaw,forgraduatestudyinsomeareainwhichM.I.T.givesnoundergraduatedegree,suchasmeteorologyorpsychology,orforadvancedstudyinaninterdisciplinaryfield,suchas

40astrophysics,communicationscience,orenergy.      99.WhiletheundergraduatecurriculumforanopenBachelorofSciencedegree,aslistedbyadepartment,mayhaveitsownuniquefeatures,eachprogrammustbelaidoutinconsultationwithadepartmentalrepresentativetoassurethatitismeaningfulinstructureandchallengingincontent.      100.Wherepreviouslyithadconcentratedonthebiginfrastructureprojectssuchasdams,roadsandbridges,itbegantoswitchtoprojectswhichdirectlyimprovedthebasicservicesofacountry.      91、我作为一名作家,自然地要关心在美国人口中惊人比例的实用文盲,如果他们不能读或不能理解他们所读内容,他们就不会买书或是杂志。      92、他们不知道那解释和点明其余部分合理的学说,那些表明似乎与其它相冲突的因素是可以协调一致的,或者应该提出两个明显有力的原因中的一个而不是另一个。      93、除了逻辑推理问题之外,在英国存在一种悠久的拒绝遣送违反他们意志的人们的传统,这些人们发现他们处于英国政府的掌握,而这种政府接受的本质却不确定的。      94、对于殖民立法的困扰和英国皇权的范围,州宪法的细节问题和绝对需要一个联邦法律。所有这些都表达出迫切的需要谨慎的,具有外在力量的正确关系的证明确实盛行。      95、词源里告诉我们说智力是和学习能力有关,和所要学习的内容速度有关,和内容记得的好坏和时间的长短有关,而且和有能力那些内容,使用它们来解决问题的能力,以及创造力相关。

41      96、这事件标志着由WilliamBarfonRogers的长期的努力的结束。William是MIT的一创立者兼第一任主席,他努力要开创一种新型和时代、国家需要相关的教育机构,在那里青年人可以获得知识性和实用性的教育。      97、每个系的计划包括的一部分是系领域内的专业兴趣的科目,另一部分是学生们自己选择的额外机会。      98、可选性地,学生可以用选择性的时间来准备某些专业领域的高级课程,比如说医学或者法律,或者M.I.T.不授予本科学位的某些专业课程,比如说气象学和心理学,或者跨学科的领域,比如说天体物理学,交流学或者能源学。      99、尽管开放式理学学士本科课程计划由系里列出,可以有一些自己独特的特点,但每个项目的列出必须与系代表进行协商,以此来保证课程结构有意义,内容富有挑战性。      100、以前的重心是诸如大坝、道路和桥梁等大型基础设施的建设,现在开始转换到能直接提高国家的基础服务的项目上来了。101.Thusinadditiontothechancesofgoingawayfromtherightpathoutlinedabove,thescientificinvestigatorshareswiththeordinarycitizenthepossibilitiesoffallingintoerrorsofreasoninginthewayswehavejustindicated,andmanyothersaswell.   102.Hemadeaholeandpeeringthrough,couldseejewellery,andotherobjectsstackedinpilesintheshadowsthatextendedbeyondthebeamoflightpenetratingtheinterior.      103.NeitherAyatnortheRassoulbrothersnoticed,however,thatmostofthepiecestheyweresellingwereofatypenotpreviouslyseeninthemarketplace—pieceswhoseexistencehadbeensuspectedbutwhichhadnotyetbeendiscoveredbyarchaeologists.

42      104.“Thebiggestconstructionprojectofthiscentury”,explainedFrenchPresidentFrancoisMitterandinJanuary,1986asheandthenBritishprimeministerMargaretThatcherjointlyannouncedthatthetwocountrieswouldfinallyovercomeancientquarrelsandprejudicesandforgealinkacrossthenarrowChannelseparatingthem.      105.Perhapsthefactthatmanyofthesefirststudiesconsideredonlyalgae(水藻)ofasizethatcouldbecollectedinanet(netphytoplankton),apracticethatoverlookedthesmallerphytoplankton(浮游植物群落)thatwenowknowgrazersaremostlikelytofeedon,ledtoade-emphasisoftheroleofgrazersinsubsequentresearch.      106.Theconverseobservation,oftheabsenceofgrazers(食草动物)inareasofhighphytoPlankton(浮游植物群落)concentration,ledHardytoproposehisprincipleofanimalexclusion,whichhypothesizedthatphytoplanktonproducedarepellent(驱虫剂)thatexcludedgrazersfromregionsofhighphytoplanktonconcentration.      107.Althoughthesemoleculesallowradiationatvisibleatwavelengths,wheremostoftheenergyofsunlightisconcentrated,topassthrough,theyabsorbsomeofthelonger-wavelength,infraredemission(红外辐射)radiatedfromtheEarth’ssurface,radiationthatwouldotherwisebetransmittedbackintospace.      108.Inaddition,thestyleofsomeBlacknovels,likeJeanToomer’sCane,vergesonexpressionismorsurrealism(超现实主义),doesthistechniqueprovideacounterpointtotheprevalentthemethatportraysthefateagainstwhichBlackheroesarepitted,athemeusuallyconveyedbymorenaturalisticmodesofexpression?   

43   109.Roseenblatt’sthematicanalysispermitsconsiderableobjectivity;heevenexplicitlystatesthatitisnothisintentiontojudgethemeritofthevariousworks—yethisreluctanceseemsmisplaced,especiallysinceanattempttoappraisemighthaveledtointerestingresults.      110.Thus,forinstance,itmaycomeasashocktomathematicianstolearnthattheSchrodingerequation(薛定谔的方程式)forthehydrogenatomisnotaliterallycorrectdescriptionofthisatom,butonlyanapproximationtoasomewhatmorecorrectequationtakingaccountofspin,magneticdipole(磁性偶极子),andrelatiristiceffects,andthatthis      correctedequationisitselfonlyanimperfectapproximationtoaninfinitesetofquantumfieldtheoreticalequations(量子场论方程式).                           参考答案:      101、因此除了以上列出的走弯路的可能性外,科学研究者们和普通人一样,也有在我们刚才提到的思维方式上犯错误的可能性,以及在一些其他的方面。      102、他掏了个洞往里瞥去,能看见珠宝,在透进去的光线之外的阴影里面,还有些堆成堆的其他东西。

44      103、阿雅特和罗索尔兄弟都不知道他们销售的大部分都是以前在市场上面没有人见过的东西——只被人们猜想过它的存在,但从来没有考古学家真正发现过。      104、1986年1月,法国总统弗兰西斯?密特朗解释说:“这是本世纪最大的建设项目。”当时,他和英国首相玛格丽特?撒切尔一起宣布两国将克服一直以来的争论和偏见,铺设一条横穿分隔两国的狭长海峡的地下隧道。      105、也学是早期的许多研究只考虑了一种大小足以被浮游植物网采集的水藻,而这种做法忽略了更小的浮游植物—现在我们知道食草动物很可能以它为生。这些事实和做法导致了在后面的研究中对食草动物的忽视。      106、相反的观察,即在浮游植物群落高度集中的地方缺乏食草动物的现象,使哈笛提出了他的“动物排除”理论,该理论假设浮游植物群落能产生一种驱虫剂赶走在浮游植物高度集中区域内的食草动物。      107、尽管这些分子能够透过可见光,阳光的大部分热量?都集中在这个波段,但是它们吸收长波,从地表来的红外辐射,或者将有些辐射折射回空中。      108、此外,一些黑人小说的风格,像JeanToomer的Cane,就接近于表现主义或者超现实主义,这种巧合是否给流行描述黑人主人公与命运对抗的主题提供了一个反衬点,或者经常被更加自然的表达模式所传达的主题?      109、Roseenblatt的主题分析非常有客观性,他甚至明确地说他并不愿判断各种作品的价值—但他的说法似乎有些不对头,特别是有时赞美的尝试可能产生有趣的结果。   

45   110、这样,对于数学家们来说是非常惊诧的,例如,薛定谔方程式并不是氢原子的准确描述,而只是某种程度上的近似值。它近似于另外一种描述磁性偶极子相对效果的方程,而这个方程本身又是一套不定量子场论方程的近似值。    111.Greatcomicartistsassumethattruthmaybearalllights,andthustheyseektoaccentuate(强调)contradictionsinsocialaction,notglossoverortranscendthembyappealstoextrasocialsymbolsofdivineends,cosmicpurpose,orlawsofnature.   112.Thehydrologic(水文地质的)cycle,amajortopicinthisscience,isthecompletecycleofphenomenathroughwhichwaterpasses,beginningasatmosphericwatervapor,passingintoliquidandsolidformasprecipitation(降水(量)),thencealongandintothegroundsurface,andfinallyagainreturningtotheformofatmosphericwatervaporbymeansofevaporationandtranspiration(散发).      113.Mypointisthatitscentralconsciousness—itsprofoundunderstandingofclassandgenderasshapinginfluencesonpeople’slives—owesmuchtothatearlierliteraryheritage,aheritagethat,ingeneral,hasnotbeensufficientlyvaluedbymostcontemporaryliterarycritics.      114.Intheearly1950’shistorianswhostudiespreindustrialEurope(whichwemaydefinehereasEuropeintheperiodfromroughly1300to1800)began,forthefirsttimeinlargenumbers,toinvestigatemoreofthepreindustrialEuropeanpopulationthanthe2or3percentwhocomprisedthepoliticalandsocialelite(精华):thekings,generals,judges,nobles,bishops,andlocalmagnates(要人)whohadhitherto(迄今)usuallyfilledhistorybooks.      115.ThehistorianFrederickJ.Tunerwroteinthe1890’sthatthe

46agrarian(农民)discontent(不满)thathadbeendevelopingsteadilyintheUnitedStatessinceabout1870hadbeenprecipitated(加速)bytheclosingoftheinternalfrontier—thatis,thedepletion(枯竭)ofavailablenewlandneededforfurtherexpansionoftheAmericanfarmingsystem.      116.FalloisproposedthatProusthadtriedtobeginanovelin1908,abandoneditforwhatwastobealongdemonstrationofSaint-Beure’sblindnesstotherealnatureofgreatwriting,foundtheessaygivingrisetopersonalmemoriesandfictionaldevelopments,andallowedthesetotakeoverinasteadilydevelopingnovel.      117.Thebestevidenceforthelayeredmantle(地幔)thesisisthewell-establishedfactthatvolcanicrocksfoundonoceanicislands,islandsbelievedtoresultfrommantleplumes(地柱)arisingfromthelowermantle,arecomposedofmaterialfundamentallydifferentfromthatofthemidoceanridgesystem,whosesource,mostgeologistscontend,istheuppermantle.      118.InOctober1838,IhappenedtoreadforamusementMalthusonPopulation,andbeingwellpreparedtoappreciatethestruggleforexistencewhicheverywheregoeson,fromlongcontinuedobservationofthehabitsofanimalsandplants,itatoncestruckmethat,underthesecircumstances,favorablevariationswouldtendtobepreserved,andunfavourableonestobedestroyed.      119.Butthesebeliefsaboutpeptidehormones(肽激素)werequestionedaslaboratoryafterlaboratoryfoundthatantiserums(抗血清)topeptidehormones,wheninjectedintothebrain,bindinplacesotherthanthehypothalamus(下丘脑),indicatingthateitherthehormonesorsubstancesthatcross-reactwiththe

47antiserumsarepresent.      120Proponents(支持者)oftheso-calledGoldenQuadrangle(金四角),whichwouldlinkareasofBruma,Laos,ThailandandChina'sYunnanprovince,areseekinganAsianDevelopmentBankfeasibilitystudyofjointdevelopmentandbusinessprojectsthatcouldfreetheregion'shinterlands(内地)fromtheirnotoriousdependenceontheherointrade.                           参考答案:      111、大喜剧家们认为真理需要各种启示,因此他们开始强调社会活动中的各种矛盾,而不是掩饰或者通过非社会象征的神圣结局和喜剧目的、自然规律来超越它。      112、水文地质循环是这一科学里面的一个重要课题,它是水的完全循环过程。这一过程从水蒸汽开始中,以降水量的形式成为液态或者固态水,这样就到了地表,最后又通过蒸发或者散发方式回到水蒸汽的状态。      113、我认为它的关键意识——它对于阶级和性的深远理解对人们的生活有着重要影响——很大程度上归功于文化遗产,总的来说,当代的文艺批评家并未对此给予足够评价。

48      114、早在20世纪50年代,许多研究前工业时代欧洲(我们可将其粗略定义为1300年至1800年间的欧洲)的历史学家们开始研究更多的欧洲人群,而不仅仅局在只占人口总数2%到3%的那些至今还充斥着历史书籍的政治、社会、精英人物:国王、将军、法官、贵族主教和地方要人。      115、历史学家FrederickJTuner在19世纪90年代写道:自1870年以来美国农民的不满一直在缓慢增长,直到1870年关闭了内部前沿以后就被加速了——就是说,用于扩张农业系统的新土地资源已经枯竭了。      116、Fallois提出Proust1908年就开始写小说了,因为Saint-Beure对于写作的真实性质的忽视,他把小说放置了。后来开始流行个人回忆录和科幻小说,这些东西和小说一起稳步地发展。      117、分层地幔的最好证据就是在海岛上发现的火山岩这一明显的事实。岛屿被认为是从低层地幔升起的地柱形成的,它构成的基本成份与海中的山脊系统根本不同,许多地质学家认为它起源于上层地幔。      118、1838年10月,我随便读了《马尔萨散人口论》,很欣赏书的到处都有的生存竞争,经过对动物和植物生存习性的长期观察,我忽然想到这种环境下,有利于生存的变化被保留了,而不利于生存变化被消除了。      119、但是这些对于肽激素的信仿,被一个又一个的实验室质疑,他们发现抗血清被注入大脑后,并不在下丘脑那里才凝固,显示出肽激素和与抗血清反作用的物质都不存在。      

49120、连接着缅甸、老挝、泰国和中国云南省的区域构成了所谓的金三角,它的支持者们正寻求亚洲发展银行进行合作开发的可行性研究,以此来使其区域内地摆脱对臭名昭著的海洛因贸易的依靠。121.Heenjoysthelibertieshardwonovercenturiesbytheallianceofphilosophicgeniusandpoliticalheroism,consecratedbythebloodofmartyrs(烈士);heisprovidedwithcomportandleisurebythemostproductiveeconomyeverknowntomankind;sciencehaspenetratedthesecretsofnatureinordertoprovidehimwiththemarvellous,lifelikeelectronicsoundandimagereproductionsheisenjoying.   122.Eachhighbrowdidanddoescongratulatehimselfonbeinguniqueinhisunlikenesstoothermen;andconverselyeachlowbrownowcongratulatehimselfonbeinginsomemysticalwayuniqueinhislikeness—onbeing,sotosay,outstandinglyaverageandextraordinarilyordinary.      123.Asforthelowbrows’claimtobespecially“human”,Iforonehaveneverbeenabletounderstandwhyitshouldbe“inhuman”tousethefacultiesthatdistinguishusfrompigsandgeeseand“human”tousethosewhichwesharewiththeloweranimals.      124.Thereisnodisputing,saystheproverb,abouttaste—though,infact,humanbeingsspendatleasthalftheirleisuredoingnothingelse—andifhighbrowismandlowbrowismwereexclusively(asitiscertainthattheyareingreatpart)mattersofindividualtaste,therewouldbenomoretosayaboutthemthanwhatIhavesaidintheprecedinglines.      125.ThusIdesireagreatdeallesspleasurefromjazzandthrillersthanfromthemusic,letussay,ofBeethoven(贝多芬)orthenovels,forexample,of

50Dostoievsky;andthesexappealofthegirlsonthecoversofmagazinesseemstomelessthrillingthanthemorecomplicatedappealtoagreatvarietyoffeelingsmadebyaRubens,anEIGreco,aConstable,aSeurat.      126.Oneneedonlyaskfirst-yearuniversitystudentswhatmusictheylistento,howmuchofitandwhatitmeanstothem,inordertodiscoverthatthephenomenonisuniversalinAmerica,thatitbeginsinadolescenceorabitbeforeandcontinuesthroughthecollegeyears.      127.Theystart,likethephariseeintheparable,bythankingGodthatthearenotasothermenare,andproceedtopaintapictureofthoseothermen,hardlymoreflatteringthanthatwhichSwiftpaintedoftheYahoos.      128.Eachtimethedreamwasapromiseoutofourancientarticlesoffaith,phrasesfromtheconstitution,linesfromthegreatanthemofthenation,guaranteesfromtheBillofRights,allendingwithavisionthattheymightonedayallcometrue      129.Formanythedayseemedanadventure,alongoutinginthelatesummersun—partliberationfromhome,partSundayschoolpicnic,partpoliticalconvention,andpartfishfry.      130.Itmaynot“looktoit”atonce,sinceitislookingtosomanythings,butitwillbealongtimebeforeitforgetsthemelodious(悦耳的)andmelancholy(忧郁的)voiceoftheRev.Dr.MartinLutherJr.,cryingouthisdreamstothemultitude(大众).

51               参考答案:      121、他享受着数世纪来哲学天才和政治英雄们联合取得的自由,这是被烈士的鲜血神圣化了的自由;着人类有史以来最发达的经济提供的舒适与休闲;科学解开了自然的奥秘,使他能享受神奇逼真的音响和影像效果。      122、每个有学问的人庆幸着自己与其他人的不一般;反过来没有学问的人则正庆幸着自己说不清的与别人的相似性——对于存在,这么说吧,杰出的大众化和非凡的普通。      123、对于没学问者自称特殊的“人类”,有一点我一直搞不明白,为什么是“非人类”去使用那些设施来将我们和猪啊、鹅啊划分,而“人类”去使用那些我们与低等动物共享的东西。      124、谚语中说对于口味来说,是没有争议的——尽管在事实上,人类一—至少在一半的休闲时间里什么也不做——并且如果阳春白雪和下里巴人对于个人口味的问题是排外(这一点在很大程度上是肯定的),那么对于他们来说,除了我在前面讲的,就没什么说的了。      125、因此我从爵士乐和刺激性事物中找到的乐趣需比音乐里的少得多,比如说,贝多芬的或者是Dostoievsky的小说;杂志封面上的性感女郎比Rubens,Greco,ConstabletSeurat所创造的精细复杂的情感对于我来说要逊色得多。      

52126、只要问问大学一年级的学生他们听什么音乐,那对他们有多重要或者说意味着什么,就可以发现在美国是个普遍现象,它开始于青春期或更早的时候但会延续整个大学时代。      127、像寓言中的古法利赛人一样,他们感谢上帝——他们与普通人不一样,去画那些人的图画,几乎比Swift画的人形兽还要好看。      128、每一次梦想都是来自于古老的忠诚的承诺,宪法中的词句,国歌中的歌词,人权法案所保证,都是以希望有一天它能成为现实的期望来结束的。      129、对于许多人来说,这一天像冒险活动,在盛夏和阳光下长时间等着——有的是从家里出来轻松,有的是学校周日野炊,有的是政治会议,有的烤鱼吃。      130、也许不能注意到它,因为在注意着许多事情,但是很长时间后也很难忘记Rev、Dr、Martin、Luther.Jr.,用悦耳忧郁的声音向大众呼喊出他的梦想。    131.Aboveall,theygotoverLincoln’spointthat“thenecessityofbeingreadyincrease”,fortheyleftnodoubtthatthiswasnottheclimaxoftheircampaignforequalitybutmerelythebeginning,thattheyweregoingtostayinthestreetsuntiltheycouldgetequalityintheschools,restaurants,housesandemploymentagenciesofthenation,andthat,astheydemonstratedheretoday,theyhadfoundaneffectivewaytodemonstrateforchangesinthelawswithoutbreakingthelawthemselves.   132.AlthoughweapparentlyhaveaneedforREMsleep,judgingfromthefactthatourbodiesautomaticallycompensateforalossofit,whatREMsleepactuallydoesforusisnotclear.      133.Comingoutwhileyouwerepoisedunsteadilyontheicy,springybrush

53theymadedifficultshootingandIkilledtwo,missedfive,andstartedbackpleasedtohavefoundacoveytothehouseandhappythereweresomanylefttofindonanotherday.      134.Moreimportanttothem,though,isthatitgivesthemsomeplaceswheretheycanborrowmoneyatacostthatisusuallyagooddeallessthanatthesmall-loanagency,ortheinstallmenthouse,orindeedmostplaces.      135.Thatsexratiowillbefavoredwhichmaximizesthenumberofdescendantsanindividualwillhaveandhencethenumberofgenecopiestransmitted.      136.Temporaryshortagesdooccur,butSimonandotherboomsters(兴旺论者)arguethataslongasgovernmentdoesn’tinterfere—bymandating(指令)conservationorsettingpricecontrols(价格)—peoplewillfindalternative(代用品).      137.Heseldomignoresthatmanypotentialvotes,anditdidnotescapethenoticeofcongressmenthattheseNegroorganizations,someofwhichhadalmostasmuchtroublegettingoutacrowdastheWashingtonSenatorsseveralyearsago,werenowcapableoforganizingthelargestdemonstratingthrong(群众)evergatheredatonespotintheDistrictofColumbia..      138.Towardstheendofthecenturytherewasstillconsiderableargumentoverwhetherbooksshouldbeusedforinformationortreatedrespectfully,andoverwhetherthereadingofmaterialsuchasnewspaperswasinsomewaymentallyweakening.   

54   139.However,whateveritsvirtues,theoldsharedliteracyculturehadgoneandwasreplacedbytheprintedmassmedia(宣传工具)ontheonehandandbybooksandmagazinesforaspecializedreadershipontheother.      140.Bytheendofthecenturystudentswerebeingrecommendedtoadoptattitudestobooksandtouseskillsinreadingthemwhichwereinappropriate,ifnotimpossible,fortheoralreader.    参考答案:       131、首先,他们明白了林肯的“准备增长的必需性”理论,因为他们一点也不怀疑他们争取平等的运动还没有达到高潮,而仅仅是个开端,他们要继续在街上静坐直到他们在学校、饭店、室内和职业介绍机构得到平等对待的权力。而且,就像他们现在展示的一样,他们已经找到了不触犯法律来引起法律的改变的有效的方法。      132、从我们的身体能够自动地对损失作出补偿这个事来看,尽管我们明显地需要REMCrapideyemovement睡眠,但REM睡眠对我们的身体有什么作用还不清楚。      133、(我)出来的时候在冰冷多刺的灌木丛里不太安稳地待着,他们打得很困难,我打到了两只、跑了五只,回来的时候我看到房子边还有一群,很高兴它们留下来的下次好打。      

55134、对于他们来说更重要的是,给他们提供了一个以一定代价借钱的地方,这比小型的借贷公司,分期付款行或者其他地方要便宜得多。      135、能使个体拥有最多后代的性别比例被推崇,以便来使基因的数目也被传输下去。      136、当代短缺确实出现,但西蒙和其他兴旺论者认为只要政府不干预——通过消费指令或者价格控制——人们总能找到替代品。      137、他很少忽略许多潜在的选票,许多黑人组织也没有逃过议员们的眼睛,几年前还像高级议员一样很难冲出人群的黑人组织现在已经能够组织哥伦比亚区最大的群众集会了。      138、直到这个世纪末还是有大量的这样的争论,书籍是否应该作为信息来认真对待,还是有些像报纸之类的阅读材料已经在精神上有某种程度地减弱了。      139、然而,不管它有什么优点,古老的共享文字文化已经过去了,一方面被印刷的大众媒体代替,另一方面被给特定读都出版的书籍和杂志代替了。      140、到这个世纪末,学生们被介绍对书籍要采用“拿来主义”,阅读时也要采用技巧,可能的话,对于朗读者来说是不太适合的。

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