大学英语四级阅读40篇之二十八

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大学英语四级阅读40篇之二十八大学英语四级阅读40篇之二十八_英语题库Askedtonametheirfavoritecity,manyAmerianswouldselectSanFranciscobeganasasmallSpanishoutpostlocatedonamagnificentbay.ThetownwaslittlemorethanavillageservingrancherswhentheUnitedStatestookpossessionofitin1846duringthewarwithMexico.SanFranciscosprangintoacityovernightbecauseofthenearbydiscoveryofgoldin1848.AgreatrushtoCaliforniatookplace.Wagontrainsploddedtheirdangerouswayacross2000milesofprairieandmountains,whilehundredsofsailingvesselsmadetheequallyhazardoustriparoundtheHorn.Thevesselsdisgorgedthousandsofpassengers--thenthecrewsdesertedteirshipandhundredsofvesselswerelefttorotinthebay.Withintwoyears,CaliforniahadenoughpopulationtobecomeastateandSanFranciscowasformanyyearsthehubofthatnewly-arrivedpopulation.Thecity’spresentpopularityisduetoanexcellentclimate,aneasystyleofliving,goodfood,andnumeroustouristattractions.Thecityisfamousforitscablecarswhich"clangandbang"upthesteephills,andforitsexcellentseafoodstalsalongthewharf.MostvisitorsarrivingfromnationsinthePacificBasinspendseveraldaysgettingtoknowthetown.1.Accordingtothisarticle,whowerethefirstCalifornians?a.desertersfromsailingshipsb.spanishranchersc.goldminersd.tourists2.sanfrancisco’sappealincludesallofthefollowingfactors____.a.attractivelifestyle,goodseafood,desirableweatherb.touristattactions,extremeseasons,cablecarsc.wagontrains,goldmining,goodclimated.cablecars,pleasentclimate,flatterrain3.sanfranciscotodayisathrivingcitybecauseof____.a.heavyindustryb.governmentalheadquartersc.goldminingd.tradeandtourism4.InwahtyeardidCaliforniabecomeanAmericanstate?a.1850b.1852c.1846d.184828/200答案:bada大学英语四级阅读40篇之二十九_英语题库Mostyoungpeopleenjoysomeformofphysicalactivity.Itmaybewalking,cyclingorswimming,orinwinter,skatingorskiing.Itmaybegameofsomekindfootball,hockey,golf,ortennis.Itmaybemountaineering.Thosewhohaveapassionforclimbinghighanddifficultmountainsareoftenlookeduponwithastonishment.Whyaremenandwomenwillingtosuffercoldandhardship,andtotakerisksonhighmountains?Thisastonsihmentiscausedprobablybythedifferencebetweenmountaineeringandotherformsofactivitytowhichmengivetheir

1leisure.Mountaineeringisasportandnotagame.Therearenoman-maderules,asthereareforsuchgamesasgolfandfootball.Thereare,ofcourse,rulesofadifferentkindwhichitwouldbedangeroustoignore,butitisthisfreedomfromman-maderulesthatmakesmountaineeringattractivetomanypeople.Thosewhoclimbmountainsarefreetousetheirownmethods.Ifwecomparemountaineeringandothermorefamiliarsports,wemightthinkthatonebigdifferenceisthatmountaineeringisnota'teamgame'.Weshouldbemistakeninthis.Thereare,itistrue,no'matches'between'teams'ofclimbers,butwhenclimbersareonarockfacelinkedbyaropeonwhichtheirlivesmaydepend,thereisobviouslyteamwork.Themountainclimberknowsthathemayhavetofightforcesthatarestrongerandmorepowerfulthanman.Hehastofighttheforcesofnature.Hissporttequireshighmentalandphysicalqualities.Amountainclimbercontinuestoimproveinskillyearafteryear.Askierisprobablypasthisbestbytheageofthirty,andmostinternationaltennischampionsareintheirearlytwenties.ButitisnotunusualformanoffiftyorsixtytoclimbthehighestmountainsinAlps.Theymaytakemoretimethanyoungermen,buttheyprobablyclimbwithmoreskillandlesswasteofeffort,andtheircertianlyexperienceequalenjoyment.1.Mountaineeringinvolves____.a.coldb.hardshipc.physicalriskd.alloftheabove2.Thedifferencebetweenasportandagamehastodowiththekindof_____.a.activityb.rulesc.uniformd.participants3.Mountaineeringcanbecalledateamsportbecause_____.a.itisanOlympiceventb.teamscompeteagainsteachotherc.mountaineersdependonotherwhileclimbingd.thereare5climbersoneachteam4.Mountaineerscompeteagainst______.a.natureb.eachotherc.otherteamsd.internationalstandards5.Choosethebesttitleforthepassage_______.a.mountaineeringisdifferentfromgolfandfootballb.mountaineeringismoreattractivethanothersportsc.mountaineeringd.mountainclimbers29/200答案：dbcac大学英语四级阅读40篇之三十_英语题库Nooneknowsexactlyhowmanydisabledpeoplethereareintheworld,butestimatessuggestthefigureisover450million.ThenumberofdisabledpeopleinIndiaaloneisprobablymorethandoublethetotalpopulationofCanada.IntheunitedKingdom,aboutoneintenpeoplehavesomedisability.Disabilityisnotjustsomethingththappenstoother

2people:aswegetolder,manyofuswillbecomelessmobile,hardofhearingorhavefailingeyesight.Disablementcantakemanyformsandoccuratanytimeoflife.Somepeoplearebornwithdisabilities.Manyothersbecomedisabledastheygetolder.Therearemanyprogressivedisablingdiseases.Thelongertimegoeson,theworsetheybecome.Somepeoplearedisabledinaccidents.Manyothersmayhaveaperiodofdisabilityintheformofamentalillness.Allareaffectedbypeople'sattitudetowardsthem.Disabledpeoplefacemanyphysicalbarriers.Nexttimeyougoshoppingortoworkorvisitfriends,imaginehowyouwouldmanageifyoucouldnotgetupsteps,orontobusesandtrains.Howwouldyoucopeifyoucouldnotseewhereyouweregoingorcouldnothearthetraffic?Butthereareotherbarriers:prejudicecanbeevenhardertobreakdownandignoranceinevitablyrepresentsbyfarthegreatestbarrierofall.Itisalmostimpossiblefortheable-bodiedtofulyappreciatewhattheseverelydisabledgothrough,soitisimportanttodrawattentiontothesebarriersandshowthatitistheindividualpersonandtheirability,nottheirdisability,whichcounts.1.Thefirstparagraphpointsoutthat______.a.therearemanydisabledpeopleintheworldb.thenumberofdisabledpeopleinIndiaisthegreatestc.IndiahasmuchmoredisabledpeoplethatCanadad.itisimpossibletogetanexactfigureoftheworld'sdisabledpeople2.Thekeywordinparagraph4is_____.A.disabilityb.ignorancec.prejudiced.barriers3.Thelastwordofthepassage"counts"mostprobablymeans_____.a.ismostimportantb.isconsideredc.isincludedd.isnumbered4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?a.eventheable-bodiedmanylosesomeoftheirbodyfunctionswhentheygetolder.b.thereareabout10percentdisabledpersonsintheUK.c.thewholesocietyshouldpaydueattentiontothebarriersfacedbythedisabledpeopled.therestillexistsprejudiceagainstthedisabledwhichresultsmainlyfromignorance5.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat____.a.weshouldtryourbesttopreventdisablementb.bothphysicalandmetalbarriersarehardtobreakdownc.wejusttakeaproperattitudetowardsthedisabledd.theable-bodiespeoplewillneverfullyunderstandthedisabled30/200答案：adadc大学英语四级阅读40篇之三十一_英语题库Courseswiththenumbers800oraboveareopenonlytograduatestudents.Certaincourses,generallythosedevotedtointroductorymaterial,arenumbered400forundergraduatestudentsand600forgraduatestudents.Coursesdesignedforstudentsseekingaprofessionaldegreecarrya500numberforundergraduatestudentsanda700munberforgraduatestudents.Afull-timegraduatestudentisexpectedtotakecourseswhichtotaltentosixteencredithours.Studentsholdingassistantshipsareexpectedtoenrollforproportionatelyfewerhours.Apart-timegraduatestudentmustregisterforaminimunoffivecredit

3hours.1.InordertobeeligibletoenrollinMechanicalEngineering850,astudentmustbe______.a.agraduatestudentb.apart-timestudentc.afull-timestudentd.anundergraduatestudent2.Ifanundergraduatestudentusesthenumber520toregisterforanaccountingcourse,whatnumberwouldagraduatestudentprobablyusetoregisterforthesamecourse?a.accounting520b.accounting620c.accounting720d.accounting8203.Astudentwhoregisterforeightcredithoursisa______.a.full-timestudentb.graduatestudentc.part-timestudentd.non-degreestudent4.Agraduatestudentmaynot_____a.enrollinacoursenumbered610b.registerforonlyonethree-hourcoursec.registerforcoursesifhehasanassistantshipd.enrollinanintroductorycourse31/200答案：accb大学英语四级阅读40篇之三十二_英语题库Byrneturnedthekeyintheheavylockandputitcalmlyinhispocket.Hedidsomuchmorefromcautionthanfromanykindoffear.Thiswastheonlyentrancetothehouse,andhedidnotmeantobecaughtunawaresbyanydangerfromoutside.HewonderedifTomCorbinhadbeenascautiousthenightbefore.ThoughTomwouldbeawayforatleastthreedays,Byrnehadastrangefeelingofhisnearness.InthestillnessheseemedtohearTom'svoice.Helookedroundquickly,forthetricksofhearingarethemostrealisticofall.Buttherewereonlythewomen.ItseemedimpossiblethatTomshouldnotbethere. Thegirl,carryingasmokyoillamp,ledByrneupstairs.Hethrewopenoneafteranotherthedoorsalongthepassage.Atthis,thegirlstoppedandraisedthelampineachdoorway,staringathimmeanwhile.Satisfiedhewastheonlyguest,Byrnecametothelastdoor,whichthegirlthrewopenherself. "Yousleephere,sir"shesaid,givinghimthelamp."Yourfriendsleptheretoo.It'sourmostcomfortablebed." "Goodnight,miss,"hesaidpolitely.Herlipsmovedinreply,buthedidnotcatchthewords.Hereyesneverforamomentlefthisface.Hesteppedin,andasheturnedtoclosethedoorshewasstillstandingtheremotionless.Hepaused,andinthesilencehethoughtheagainheardthesoundofTom'svoice.Thesoundferrifiedhimnow,notonlybecauseitseemedmuchnearerbutalsobecauseheimaginedanoteofwarninginit. 1.WhydidByrnetakethekeywithhim?a.toletTomin,whenhe

4turned.b.becausehewasafraidofwhatwasgoingtohappenc.tostopanyenemybeingletintothehoused.becausehedidnotwantthewomentoescape 2.WeknowfromthepassagethatTomCorbin_____.a.hadleftthehousethreedaysbeforb.hadleftquiteassuspiciousasByrnewasc.hasstayedinthehouseforthreedays.d.hadsleptinthehousethenightbefore 3.Byrnewassurprisedwhenheturnedroundbecause_____.a.Tomwasnotintheroomb.hehadnotexpectedtofindTomtherec.therewasnodangerbehindhimd.thewomenwerethere 4.WhydidByrnelookinsideeachroom?a.hewantedtochoosethebestroomforhimselfb.hewaslookingfortomcorbinc.thegirlwantedhimtoexamineeachoftherooms.d.hewishedtomakesuretherewasnooneinside 5.AlthoughByrnepolitelywishedthegirlgoodnight_____.a.shegavehimarudeanswerb.shedidnotleavehimc.sherefusedtolookathimd.shesaidnothingtohim 6.WhatmadeByrneveryfrighteded?a.thestrangenessoftheplaceb.beingalong,attheendofthepassagec.thesoundhethoughtheheardd.thedangeroutside缺答案大学英语四级阅读40篇之三十三_英语题库Thereisevidencethattheusualvarietyofhighbloodpressureis,inpart,afamiliardisease.Sincefamilieshavesimilargenesaswellassimilarenvironments,familiardiseasescouldbeduetosharedgeneticinfluences,tosharedenvironmentalfactors,ortoboth.Forsomeyears,theroleofoneenvironmentalfactorcommonlysharedbyfamilies,namelydietarysalt(i.e.,sodiumchloride),hasbeenstudiedatBrookhavenNationalLaboratory.Thesestudiessuggestthatchromicexcesssaltingestioncanleadtohighbloodpressureinmanandanimals.Someindividuals,however,andsomeratsconsumelargeamountsofsaltwithoutdevelopinghighbloodpressure.Nomatterhowstrictlyallenvironmentalfactorswerecontrolledintheseexperiments,somesalt-fedanimalsneverdevelopedhypertensionwhereasafewrapidlydevelopedveryseverehypertensionfollowedbyearlydeath.Thesemarkedvariationswereinterpretedtoresultfromdifferencesingenetic

5constitution. Bymatingissuccessivegenerationsonlythoseanimalsthatfailedtodevelophypertensionfromsaltingestion,aresistantstrain(the"R"Strain)hasbeenevolvedinwhichconsumptionoflargequantitiesofsaltfailstoinfluencethebloodpressuresignificantly.Incontrast,bymatingonlyanimalsthatquicklydevelophypertensionfromsalt,asensitivestrain("S"strain)hasalsobeendeveloped. Theavailabilityofthesetowstrainspermitsinvestgationsnotheretoforepossible.Theyprovideaplausiblelaboratorymodelonwhichtoinvestigatesomeclinicalaspectsofthehumanprototypesofhypertension.Moreimportant,theremightbethepossibilityofdevelopingmethodsbywhichgeneticsusceptibilityofhumanbeingstohighbloodpressurecanbedefinedwithoutwaitingforitsappearance.Radioactivesodium22wasanimportant"tool"inworkingoutthecharacteristicsofthesodiumchloridemetabolism.1.Thestudyoftheeffectsofsaltonhighbloodpressurewascarriedout______.a.asmembersofthesamefamilytendtousesimilaramountsofsaltb.toexplorethelong-termuseofasodiumbasedsubstancec.becauseitwasproventhatsaltcausedhighbloodpressured.becauseoftheavailabilityofchemicallypuresaltanditsderivatives 2.Themaindifferencebetween"S"and"R"ratsistheir______.a.needforsodium22b.rateofmatingc.reactiontosaltd.typeofblood 3.Wecaninferfromthearticlethatsodium22candeusedto______.a.controlhighbloodpressureb.curehighbloodpressurecausedbysaltc.tellthe"S"ratsfromthe"R"ratsd.determinewhatasodiumchloridemetabolismislike 4.Themostbeneficialresultsoftheresearchmightbe______.a.developmentofdietsfreeofsaltb.anearlycureforhighbloodpressurec.controlofgeneticagentsthatcausehighbloodpressured.theearlyidentificationofpotentialhighbloodpressurevictims 5.Whichofthestatementsbestrelatesthemainideaofthisarticle?a.Whensaltisaddedratsandhumanbeingsreactsimilarly.b.Thenearfuturewillseeacureforhighbloodpressure.c.Themedicalfieldisdesperatelyinneedofresearch.d.Atendencytowardhighbloodpressuremaybeahereditaryfactor.Passage65答案：acddd大学英语四级阅读40篇之三十四_英语题库"Cultureshock"occursasresultoftotalimmersioninanewculture.Ithappensto"peoplewhohavebeensuddenly

6transplantedabroad."Newcomersmaybeanxiousbecausetheydonotspeakthelanguage,knowthecustoms,orunderstandpeople'sbehaviorindailylife.Thevisitorfindsthat"yes"maynotalwaysmean"yes",thatfriendlinessdoesnotnecessarilymeanfriendship,orthatstatementsthatappeartobeseriousarereallyintendedasjokes.Theforeignermaybeunsureastowhentoshakehands,whentostartconversations,orhowtoapproachastranger.Thenotionof"cultureshock"helpsexplainfeelingsofbewildermentanddisorientation.Languageproblemsdonotaccountforallthefrustrationsthatpeoplefeel.Whenoneisdeprivedofeverythingthatwasoncefamiliar,suchasunderstandingatransportationsystem,knowinghowtoregisterforuniversityclasses,orknowinghowtomakefriends,difficultiesincopingwhththenewsocietymayarise."...whenanindividualentersastrangeculture,heorsheislikefishoutofwater."Newcomersfeelattimesthattheydonotbelongtoandfeelalienatedfromthenativemembersoftheculture.Whenthishappensvisitorsmaywanttorejecteverythingaboutthenewenvironmentandmayglorifyandexaggeratethepositiveaspectsoftheirownculture.Converselyvisitorsmayscorntheirnativecountrybyrejectingitsvaluesandinsteadchoosingtoidentifywith(ifonlytemporatily)thevalueofthenewcountry.Thismayoccurasanattempttoover-identifywiththenewcultureinordertobeacceptedbythepeopleinit. 1.Theexpression"heorsheislikefishoutofwater"suggests______.a.peopleawayfromtheirculturescanhardlysurviveinanewcultureb.afishcannotsurvivewithoutwaterc.peopleawayfromtheircultureexperiencementalisolationd.peopleawayfromtheirculturehavedifficultiesinnewenvironment 2.Inordertoidentifywiththenewenvironment,somepeoplemay______.a.giveanexaggeratedpictureoftheirowncountryb.criticizethepositiveaspectsoftheirowncountyc.abandontheiroriginalbeliefsd.acceptatemporarysetofvalues 3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtotheauthor?a.Perplexityresultsincultureshock.b.Atypicalsymptomofculturshockisconfusion.c.Cultureshockistheexplanationofanxiety.d.Cultureshockhappenstoforeignstudentsonly. 4.Newcomermayworryabout______.a.theirignoranceofthealiencustomsb.theirknowledgeof"Yes"inthenativelanguagec.theirunderstandingoffriendshipd.theircontroloftheirbehavior 5.Whentheforeignvisitorisimmersedinnewproblemshefindshardtocopewhith,heismostlikelytofeel______.a.uninsuredb.deprivedc.alienatedd.baffled34/200答案：cdadbc大学英语四级阅读40篇之三十五_英语题库

7 Socialchangeismorelikelytooccurinsocietieswherethereisamixtureofdifferentkindsofpeoplethaninsocietieswherepeoplearesimilarinmanyways.Thesimplereasonforthisisthattherearemoredifferentwaysoflookingatthingspresentinthefirstkindofsociety.Therearemoreideas,moredisagreementsininterest,andmoregroupsandorganizationswithdifferentbeliefs.Inaddition,thereisusuallyagreaterworldlyinterestandgreatertoleranceinmixedsocieties.Allthesefactorstendtopromotesocialchangebyopeningmoreareasoflifetodecision.Inasocietywherepeoplearequitesimilarinmanyways,therearefeweroccasionsforpeopletoseetheneedortheopportunityforchangebecauseeverythingseemstobethesame.Andalthoughconditionsmaynotbesatisfactory,theyareatleastcustomaryandundisputed. Withinasociety,socialchangeisalsolikelytooccurmorefrequentlyandmorereadilyinthematerialaspectsoftheculturethaninthenon-material,forexample,intechnologyratherthaninvalues;inwhathasbeenlearnedlaterinliferatherthanwhatwaslearnedearly;inthelessbasicandlessemotionalaspectsofsocietythanintheiropposites;inthesimpleelementsratherthaninthecomplexones;informratherthaninsubstance;andinelementsthatareacceptabletothecultureratherthaninstrangeelements. Furthermore,socialchangeiseasierifitisgradual.Forexample,itcomesmorereadilyinhumanrelationsonacontinuousscaleratherthanonewithsharpdichotomies.ThisisonereasonwhychangehasnotcomemorequicklytoBlackAmericansascomparedtootherAmericanminorities,becauseofthesharpdifferenceinappearancebetweenthemandtheirwhitecounterparts. 1.Thepassageismainlydiscussing__________.a.thenecessityofsocialchangeb.certainfactorsthatdeterminetheeasewithwhichsocialchangesoccurc.twodifferentsocietiesd.certainfactorsthatpromotesocialchange2.______isoneofthefactorsthattendtopromotesocialchange.a.Jointinterestb.Differentpointsofviewc.Lessemotionalpeopled.Advancedtechnology 3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?a.Socialchangetendstomeetwithmoredifficultyinbasicandemotionalaspectsofsociety.b.Disagreementwithandargumentaboutconditionstendtoslowdownsocialchange.c.Socialchangeismorelikelytooccurinthematerialaspectofsociety.d.Socialchangeislesslikelytooccurinwhatpeoplelearnedwhentheywereyoung. 4.Theexpression"greatertolerance"(paragraph1)refersto_____.a."greaterwillingnesstoacceptsocialchange"b."quickeradaptationtochangingcircumstances"c."morerespectfordifferentbeliefsandbehavior"d."geeaterreadinesstoagreetodifferentopinionsandideas" 5.Socialchangeislesslikelytooccurinasocietywherepeoplearequitesimilarinmanywaysbecause________.a.peopletherehavegotsoaccustomedtotheirconditionsthattheyseldomthinkitnecessarytochangeb.peopletherehaveidenticalneedsthatcanbesatisfiedwithoutmuch

8difficultyc.peoplethereareeasytopleased.peopletherearelessdisputed35/200答案：bbbca大学英语四级阅读40篇之三十六_英语题库 TheColonelaskAshendenagoodmanyquestionsandthensuggestedthathehadparticularqualificationsfortheSecretService.AshendenknewseveralEuropeanlanguagesandthefactthathewasawriterprovidedexcellentcover:onthepretextthathewaswritingabookhecould,withoutattractingattention,visitanyneutralcountry.ItwaswhiletheywerediscussingthispointthattheColonelsaid,"Youknowyoumightgetmaterialthatwouldbeveryusefultoyouinyourwork.I'lltellyouanincidentthatoccurredonlyrecently.Verydramatic.AforeigngovernmentministerwentdowntoaMediterraneanresorttofecoverfromacoldandhehadsomeveryimportantdocumentswithhimthathekeptinadespatchcase."Adayortwoafterhearrived,hepickedupablondeatsomerestaurantorother,andhegotveryfriendlywithher.Hetookherbacktohishotel,andwhenhecametohimselfinthemorningtheladyandthedespatch-casehaddisappeared.Theyhadoneortwodrinksupinhisroomandhistheoryisthatwhenhisbackwasturnedthewomanslippedadruginhisglass.""Doyoumeantosaythathappenedtheotherday?"saidAshendenwearily."Theweekbeforelast.""Impossible,"criedAshenden."Why,we'vebeenputtingthatincidentonthestageforsixtyyears,we'vewrittenitinathousandnovels.Doyoumeantosaythatlifehasonlyjustcaughtupwithus?""Well,Icanvouchforthetruthofthestory."saidtheColonel,"Andbelieveme,thegovernmentconcernedhasbeenputtonoendoftroublebythelossofthedocuments.""Wellsir,ifyoucan'tdobetterthanthatintheSecretService,"sighedAshenden,"thatI'mafraidthatasasourceofinspirationtothewriteroffiction,it'swashout." 1.HowdidtheColonelsuggestthatAshenden'sbeingawriterwouldrelatetohisworkasaspy?a.Itwouldmaketravellingabroadmorepossible.b.Itwouldmakeiteasierforhimtomeetpeople.c.Itwouldenablehimtoavoidarousingsuspicion.d.Itwouldenablehimtousethelanguagesheknew. 2.ThereasonfortheMinister'stripwas________.a.tofetchsomedocumentsb.togetoveranillnessc.tomeetaspyd.todeliversomepapers 3.AccordingtotheColoneltheincidenthappened_______.a.afewdaysbeforeb.afewweeksbeforec.twoweeksbefored.sixtyyearsbefore 4.Ashendencried'Impossible'afterhearingtheColonel'sstorybecausehethought______.a.itcouldnotpossibly

9happenb.itwastooembarrassingc.itwastooclosetofictiond.itwastoorecent 5.Theeffectofthelossofdocumentsontheforeigngovernmentwasthat_______.a.itputanendtoonesourceoftroubleb.itcausedthemalotofinconveniencec.theymerelydeniedithadhappenedd.theyrefusedtobelieveit36/200passage8答案：cbccd大学英语四级阅读40篇之三十七_英语题库 TheUnitedStatesisafederalunionof50states.ThecapitalofnationalgovernmentisinWashington,D.C.(DistrictofColumbia).Thefederalconstitutionsetsupthestructuresofthenationalgovernmentandlistsitspowersandactivities.TheconstitutiongivesCongresstheauthoritytomakelawswhicharenecessaryforthecommondefenseandthegoodofthenation.Italsogivesthefederalgovernmentthepowertodealwithnationalandinternationalproblemsthatinvolvemorethanonestate.Allpowersthatarenotgiventothefederalgovernmentbytheconstitutionaretheresponsibilityoftheindividualstates. Thefederalgovernmenthasthreebranches--theexecutive,thelegislative,andthejudicial.Thelegislativebrandchmakesthelaws,executivebranchcarriesoutthelaws,andjudicialbranchinterpretsthelaws.ThePresidentheadstheexecutivebranchandtheSupremeCourtheadsthejudicialbranch.ThelegislativebranchincludesbothhousesofCongress--theSenateandtheHouseofReprsentatives.Theconstitutionlimitsthepowersofeachbranchandpreventsonebranchfromgainingtoomuchpower.Forexample,CongresscanpassaLawthePresidentmaysignit.Nevertheless,theSupremeCourtcandeclarethelawunconstitutionalandnullifyit. AllgovernmentintheUnitedStatesis"ofthepeople,bythepeopleandforthepeople".ThepeopleelectthePresidentandthemembersofCongress.However,thePresidentappointstheheadsoffederaldepartmentsandtheSupremeCourtjudges.Everycitizenvotesinsecret.Consequently,nooneknowsforwhomandindevidualvotes.Thepeoplebelievethattheirgovernmentshouldprovideaframewordandorderwithinwhichtheyareleftfreetoruntheirownlives. 1.Whomakesthelaws?a.TheCongress.b.TheFederalgovernment.c.ThePresident.d.ThesupremeCourt. 2.ThecapitaloftheUnitedStatesliesin_____.a.thestateoftheCOlumbiab.noneofthefiftystatesc.thestateofNewYorkd.thestateofWashington 3.Basedonwhatyoucanknowfromthepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?a.Theheadsoffederaldepartmentsareelectedbythe

10people.b.ThePresidentsetsupthestructuresofthefederalgovernment.c.Thejudicialbranchhastheauthoritytoexplainthelaws.d.Theconstitutiongivesallpowerstothefederalgovernment. 4.Theconstitutionlimitsthepowersofeachbranchofthefederalgovernmentbecause_____.a.theU.S.hasfiftystatesb.theindividualstateshavetheirowngovernmentsc.thefederalgovernmenthasthreebranchesd.anyonebranchshouldnothavetoomuchpower 5.Themainpointofthispassageis______.a.thethreebranchesoftheU.S.governmentb.Americangovernmentc.theFederalConsititutionD.thepeopleshouldbeleftfreetoruntheirownlives答案：abcdb大学英语四级阅读40篇之三十八_英语题库 40Yearsagotheideaofdisabledpeopledoingsportwasneverheardof.ButwhentheannualgamesforthedisabledwerestartedatStokeMandeville,Englandin1984bySirLudwigGuttmann,thesituationbegantochange. SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGernamy,hadbeenaskedbytheBritishgovernmenttosetupaninjuriescentreatStokeMandevilleHospitalnearLondon.Hisideasabouttreatinginjuriesincludedsportforthedisabled. Inthefirstgamesjusttowteamsofinjuredsoldierstookpart.Thenextyear,1949,fiveteamstookpart.Fromthosebeginnings,thingshavedevelopedfast.TeamsnowcomefromabroadtoStokeMandevilleeveryyear.In1960thefirstOlympicsfortheDisabledwereheldinRome,inthesameplaceasthenormalOlympicGames,althoughtheyareorganizedseparately.InotheryearsGamesfortheDisabledarestillheldatStokeMandeville.Inthe1984wheelchairOlympicGames,1064wheelchairathletesfromabout40countriestookpart.Unfortunately,theywereheldatStokeMandevilleandnotinLosAngeles,alongwiththeotherOlympics. TheGameshavebeenagreatsuccessinpromotinginternationalfriendshiopandunderstanding,andinprovingthatbeingdisableddoesnotmeanyoucan'tenjoysport.Onesmallsourceofdisappointmentforthosewhoorganizeandtakepartinthegames,however,hasbeentheunwillingnessoftheInternationalOlympicCommitteetoincludedisabledeventsattheOlympicGamesfortheable-bodied.Perhapsafewmoreyearsarestillneededtoconvincethosefortunateenoughnottobedisabledthattheirdisabledfellowathletsshouldnotbeexcluded. 1.Thefirstgamesforthedesabledwereheld_____afterSirLudwigGuttmannarrivedinEngland.a.40yearsb.21yearsc.10yearsd.9years 2.BesidesStokeMandeville,surelythegamesforthedisabledwereonceheldin

11_____.a.NewYorkb.Londonc.Romed.LosAngeles 3.InParagraph3,theword"athletes"means_____.a.peoplewhosupportthegamesb.peoplewhowatchthegamesc.peoplewhoorganizethegamesd.peoplewhocompeteinthegames 4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsinNOTtrue?a.SirLudwigGuttmannisanearlyorganizerofthegamesforthedisabled.b.SirLudwigGuttmannisaninjuredsoldier.c.SirLudwigGuttmannisfromGermany.d.SirLudwigGuttmanniswelcomedbytheBritishgovernment. 5.Fromthepassage,wemayconcludethatthewriteris_____.a.oneoftheorganizersofthegamesforthedisabledb.adisabledpersonwhooncetookpartinthegamesc.againstholdingthegamesforthedisabledd.infavourofholdingthegamesforthedisabled答案：cbccb大学英语四级阅读40篇之三十九_英语题库 AnneWhitney,asophomoreatColoradoStateUniversity,firsthadaproblemtakingtestswhenshebegancollege."Iwasalwayswellpreparedformytests.SometimesIstudiedforweeksbeforeatest.YetIwouldgointotakethetest,onlytofindIcouldnotanswerthequestionscorrectly.Iwouldblankoutbecauseofnervousnessandfear.Icouldn'tthinkoftheanswer.MylowgradesonthetestsdidnotshowwhatIknewtotheteacher."Anotherstudentinmicrobiologyandsimilarexperiences.Hesaid,"Myfirstchemistrytestwasverydifficult.Then,onthesecondtest,Isatdowntotakeit,andIwassonervousthatIwasshaking.Myhandsweremovingupanddownsoquicklythatitwashardtoholdmypencil.IknewthematericalandIknewtheanswers.YetIcouldn'tevenwritenthemdown!" Thesetwoyoungstudentswereexperiencingsomethingcalledtestanxiety.Becauseastudentworriesandituneasyaboutatest,hisorherminddoesnotworkaswellasitusuallydoes.Thestudentcan'twriteorthinkclearlybecauseoftheextremetensionandnervousness.Althoughpoorgradesareoftenaresultofpoorstudyhabits,sometimestestanxietycausesthelowgrades.Recently,testanxietyhadbeenrecognizedasarealproblem,notjustanexcuseorafalseexplanationoflazystudents. Specialuniversitycounselingcoursestrytohelpstudents.Inthesecourses,counselorstrytohelpstudentsbyteachingthemhowtomanagetestanxiety.Atsomeuniversities,studentstaketeststomeasuretheiranxiety.Ifthetestsshowtheiranxietyishigh,thestudentscantakeshortcoursestohelpthemdealwiththeirtension.Thesecoursesteachstudentshowtorelaxtheirbodies.Studentsaretrainedtobecomecalminberytensesituations.Bycontrollingtheirnervousness,theycanlettheirmindsworkatease.Learnedinformationthencomesoutwithoutdifficultyona

12test. AnexpertattheUniversityofCaliforniaexplains."Withalmostallstudents,relaxationandlessstressarefeltaftertakingoutprogram.Mostofthenexperiencebettercontrolduringtheirtests.Almostallhavesomeimprovement.Withsome,theimprovementisverygreat." 1.To"blankout"isprobably______.a.tobelikeablanketb.tobesureofananswerc.tobeunabletothinkclearlyd.toshowknowledgetotheteacher 2.Poorgradesareusuallytheresultof_______.a.poorhygienichabitsb.lazinessc.lackofsleepd.inabilitytoformgoodstudyhabits 3.Testanxietyhasbeenrecognizedas_______.a.anexcuseforlazinessb.theresultofpoorhabitsc.arealproblemd.somethingthatcan'tbechanged 4.Todealwiththisproblem,studentssaytheywantto______.a.takeashortcourseonanxietyb.readaboutanxietyc.beabletomanageorunderstandtheiranxietyd.taketesttoprovetheyarenotanxiety 5.AUniversityofCaliforniacounselorsaid_______.a.allstudentscouldovercometheanxietyaftertakingaspecialtestanxietyprogramb.almostallstudentsfeltlessstressaftertakingaUniversityofCaliforniacounselingcoursec.studentsfounditdifficulttoimproveeventhoughtheyhadtakenaspecialtestanxietycoursed.studentsfounditeasytorelaxassoonastheyexteredaUniversityofCaliforniacounselingcourse答案：cdcab大学英语四级阅读40篇之四十_英语题库 WashingtonnowcoverstheentireDistrictColumbia.ItwasfirstknownasNationalcity,anditremainsthecapitaloftheUSA.TheauthoritytoestablishafederaldistrictwasembodiedintheConsitutionbutthecity'slacationresultedfromanearlypoliticalcompromise.Originallytenmilessquare,theDistrict'slandsweretakenfromVirginiaandMaryland.Inthe1840s,congressreturnedVirginia'slandandnowmanygovernmentalbuildingsareoutsidethefederaldistrict.Until50yearsago,Washington'spopulationwassmall--aswasthenation'sconceptofgovernment.Nowthereare3million

13inhabitants. GeorgeWashingtonwasdeeplyinvolvedincreatingthiscity.Hishome,MountVernon,wasonly25milesawaybutduringhispresidency,thenationalcapitalwasinNewYorkcity.Theamericangovernmentoccupieditsnewcapital1800andthecitywasthennamedinhonorofGeorgeWashingtonwhohadrecentlydied. Fewcitiesareasimpressiveorbeautifulaswashington.IthasagreatmallwiththeCapitalatoneendtheLincolnMemorialattheother.Inmid-pointistheWashingtonMonument.Thewhitehouseisjustoffthemall. Washingtonattractsmillionsoftouristsannually---peoplewhocometoseetheirgovernmentinactionandtoexaminethedozensofmuseums,galleries,parksandbuildings.Theheaviesttouristinvasionisinthespringwhentheweatherisbestandwhenhundredsofcherrytrees,agiftfromjapan,areinbloom. 1.Washingtonisbeautifulocitybecause_______.a.itsflatterrainallowsforeasyarrangementofbuildingsb.itslocationisinthecenterofthenationc.ithasmanymuseumsd.itwascarefullyplannedandhasagracefulmall 2.Thedistrictofcolumbiaandthecityofwashington________.a.occupythesamerealestateb.holdallofthebuildingsofthenationalcapitalc.providehomesforallthefederalgovernmentemployeesd.areinlandsoncebelongingtoVirginaia 3.Aspringtimevisittowashingtonwouldbegoodexceptforoneofthesereasons:______.a.goodweatherb.cherrytreesinbloomc.allofthefacilitiesareopend.toomanytourists 4.ThelandwhichcomprisesthepresentDistrictofColumbia_____.a.alwaysbelongedtothenationalgovernmentb.untilveryrecentlycoveredlandcededbytwostatesc.isinareawhichoncebelongedentirelytoMarylandd.isstrictlylimitedtogovernmentaloperations 5.ThelocationofWashingtonwasselectedbecause_________.a.ofapoliticalcompromisebetweentwopoliticalpartiesb.GeorgeWashingtondidnotwishtocommutefarfromMountVernonc.atidalrivernearbymadeforeasyoceanaccessd.Virginiawantedtogetridofsomeland缺答案

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