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大学英语四级考试新题型翻译专项练习(一)1:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1: What upset me was______________________________________.(不是他所说的话,而是他说话的方式)。 2: In the conference, the mayor_________________________(反复强调了)theimportance of environmental protection. 3: He is opposed to the plan for the simplereason __________________________(这个计划目前暂不可行). 4:__________________________(还要多长时间)before you graduate from college. 5: He is such a stubborn boy that _________________________________(劝他不要沉迷于电脑游戏没有用). 2:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1:____________________________(不管是什么种族,宗教信仰), we are all equal. 2: John obeyed his wife ___________________________________(惟恐她发脾气). 3: It’s the first time she came to Beijing;__________________________(难怪她充满着好奇). 4: Many of those who violate the laws never think of themselves as lawbreakers,_________________________________________(更不用说犯罪分子了). 5: John is not well-grounded in mathematics, but he_______________________________________(取得了难以置信的进步). 3:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1: He felt excited at __________________________(一直想他的童年) in the countryside. 2: On the whole,______________________________(很少有人不抱怨自己的工作单调乏味的).However, they will feel more bored if they don’t work. 3: I ________________________(对他的请求不好拒绝), for whenever I asked him for help,he had always obliged. 4: The production of the auto factory is __________________________(逐步增长). 5: It is strange that _______________________________________(他昨天居然什么也没说就走了). 4:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1:_________________________(我刚刚到家) than the telephone rang. 2:The old man regretted __________________________(一事无成) in his life. 3:____________________(他五十多岁), but he looks younger than his age. 4:Many big cities in the world ________________________(正面临淡水资源短缺). 5:He said nothing, leaving me _____________________(对他的计划毫不知情). 5:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1: How I even you!___________________________________(要是我也能像你一样去一趟巴黎该多好)! 2: I’d rather read books in the library ______________________(也不愿上课). 3:Our aim is to ____________________________(全心全意为人民服务). 4:I’d like to _______________________(借此机会) to express my heartfelt thanks for yourhelp. 5:The court ruling _________________________(剥夺了他的政治权利). 6:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1: The truck driver is __________________________________(对这起交通事故负全责). 2:In the court, the defendant ____________________________(声称自己是清白的). 3:Unemployed, John ________________________________(几乎无法维持生计).
1 4:________________________________(在任何情况下,中国都不首先) use nuclearweapons. 5:___________________________(要想他人尊重你),you should learn to respect them first. 7:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1: I have promised Jane that I shall play the violin at the party, but___________________________________(我已经好久没有练习了). 2:The professor advised the students to ______________________________(读更多有教育意义的书). 3:Mrs. Smith shut the windows lest _____________________________(外面的噪音会影响她儿子的睡眠). 4:__________________________(他被眼前的情景吓得) that she could not speak a word forseveral minutes. 5:I would rather go to the park __________________________________(也不愿意呆在房间里无所事事).8:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1:I could see a car in the distance, but___________________________(我无法看清它是什么颜色). 2:________________________(众所周知),learning English is no easy job. 3:John regretted very much______________________________(对老板说了不该说的话). 4:He seems poor, but______________________________(我们都怀疑他很有钱). 5:It’s essential to build up your confidence _______________________(如果你想在一生中有所成就的话). 9:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1: To our surprise, his casual remark ________________________(竟然引起了一场政治风暴). 2:Persistence is supposed to be __________________________(一个人成功的关键). 3:_____________________________(为了培养我们的动手能力), our mother made sure thatwe did share in keeping the house. 4:____________________________(考虑到他没有经验), he has done a good job. 5:Jane had learned to rely on herself at an early age, and she________________________________(鼓励女儿也这样做). 10:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1:The substance does not dissolve in water __________________________(不管是否加热). 2:Not only __________________________(他向我收费太高), but he didn’t do a good repairjob either. 3:Your losses in trade this year are nothing ______________________(与我的相比). 4:On average, it is said, visitors spend only ________________(一半的钱) in a day in Leedsas in London. 5:By contrast, American mothers were more likely ______________________(把孩子的成功归因于) natural talent. 11:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1:_____________________________(考虑到他身体不好), He’s done a good job. 2: Woman ___________________________(不准进入寺庙). 3:______________________________(民主受到威胁), the reforms deserve all thesupport they can get. 4: The scheme _____________________________(付诸实施要付出很大的代价).
2 5: The news ________________________________________(通过口信传递). 12:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1:We had to resign ourselves on _________________________(销售中造成的损失). 2:If the day turns out wet,______________________(我们就得改变计划). 3:He always listens to the radio ____________________(在开车上班时). 4:The old professor usually _____________________(写得又好又切题). 5:____________________(不管你采用什么方式), it’ll take you at least two days. 13:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1:The young woman described to the policemen __________________________(那个青年是如何跑到她跟前抢走她手中提包的). 2:If you go on spending money like this,_________________________(你一个月就会身无分文), my friend said to me the other day. 3:Although he studied economics at university,_________________________(但是他毕生的兴趣是政治和哲学). 4:The scientist will show the audience ___________________________(机器人能为家庭做什么). 5:__________________________(药物开始起作用) one hour after the child took it. 14:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1:The security council ______________________(由五位将军和四位警官组成). 2:Only by rewarding success ____________________(才能激励职员). 3:In the United States, private cars are __________________________(必需品,而不是奢侈品). 4: We are literally crawling.___________________________(前面肯定是出交通事故了). 5:Everyone thinks that the new member is ___________________________(对球队的有益补充). 15:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1:I used to hate jogging _______________________(但现在我渐渐喜欢它了). 2:______________________(随着年龄的增加), it seems she was coming to understand itbetter. 3:The bankruptcy of the company was not caused by evil,_______________________________(而是因为无知) 4:In your résumé you’ve mentioned everything ___________________________(惟独重要的一点你没说). 5:The road being wet and slippery after the heavy rain,______________________(所以我开车非常小心). 答案: 1:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1: not what he said, but the way he spoke 2: hammered in/repeatedly strengthened 3: that the program is currently/at the timebeing not practical/feasible 4: How long will it take 5: it’s useless to advise him not to be addictedto computer games 2:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1: Regardless of race and religious belief 2: for fear of making her angry 3: no wonder that he was filled with curiosity 4: let alone the criminals 5: has made incredible progress 3:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes)
3 1: the memory of his childhood 2: few people don’t/ most people complain that their work is tedious/dull/boring 3: can’t very well refuse his requests 4: on the rise gradually 5: he left unexpectedly even without telling anything 4:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1: I had no sooner arrived home/No sooner had I arrived home 2: that he had achieved nothing 3: He is in his fifties 4: are facing the problem of shortage of fresh water resource 5: at a loss/in the dark about his plan 5:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1: If only I could have the chance to visit Paris like you 2: than to have classes 3: serve the people heart and soul 4: take this chance/opportunity 5: deprived him of his political rights 6:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1: to take/hold full responsibility for the accident 2: claimed his innocence 3: could hardly make both ends meet 4: Under no circumstance will China first 5: To get/win respect from others 7:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1: haven’t practiced it for a long time 2: read more instructive books 3: the noise outside might affect her son’s sleep 4: He was so terrified by what he saw 5: than stay in the house with nothing to do 8:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1: could not distinguish its color 2: It’s known to all 3: that he said something wrong to his boss 4: we all suspected that he was rich 5: if you want to achieve something/to get somewhere in you life/ 9:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1: initiated/started a big political storm 2: the key to one’s success 3: To cultivate/develop our practical skills 4: Considering his inexperience 5: encouraged her daughter to follow her footsteps/do the same 10:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1: whether heated or not 2: did he overcharge me/charge me too much 3: compared/in comparison with mine 4: half as much (money)
4 5: to attribute the success of their children/their children’s success to 11:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1: Given his poor health 2: are excluded from the temple 3: With democracy itself under threat 4: would be very expensive to carry out 5: was passed on by word of mouth 12:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1: making a loss on the sale 2: we may have to change our plans 3: while driving to work 4: writes well and to the point 5: However you travel 13:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1: the way the man ran up to her and grabbed the bag from her hand 2: you will find yourself penniless in a month 3: politics and philosophy had been his lifelong passions 4: what a tale-operated robot can do for a family 5: The medicine began to work 14:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1: consists of five generals and four police officers 2: can you bring out the best in your employee 3: an absolute necessity rather than a luxury 4: There must be some traffic accident ahead 5: a valuable addition to the football team 15:Part VI Translation:(5 minutes) 1: but I’m actually growing to like it now 2: As she grows older 3: but by simple ignorance 4: but one vital point 5: so I drove very carefully大学英语四级汉译英及翻译题型 一、汉译英题型的测试要求 根据《大学英语四级考试大纲(2006修订版)》的说明,“四级考试中未将翻译作为一个独立的技能进行考核。翻译部分主要考核学生运用正确的词汇和语法结构并按英语习惯表达思想的能力。”。 样卷中取消了原来的“英译汉”题型,增加了汉译英,要求将汉语短语或句子翻译成英文,以测试考生在句子短语或常用表达层面上的汉译英能力。以往的四级是英译汉,关键在于对英文的理解,而汉译英关键则在于用英文表达思想的能力,两者有着很大的区别。考生不但要尽量多地掌握词汇知识,而且还要能够用英语来表达特定的思想。和词汇题相比,汉译英要求考生将词汇记得更牢,从拼写,词义到使用场合,都要把握得更好;和写作相比,考生较难回避自己拿不准的字词短语等。汉译英试题的出现反映了对学生语言输出能力的更高要求。 二、命题手法及特点 汉译英部分,其形式主要为句子翻译,即5个不完整的英文句子,一句一题。要求考生根据括号内的中文表达来进行相应的翻译,将所缺词补充完整。 下面试举07年12月汉译英试题予以分析。 1.______________ (多亏了一系列的新发明),doctors can treat this disease successfully.
5[答案]Owing to/Thanks to a series of new inventions [解析]本句重点考查短语“多亏了”,翻译成“owing to”或“thanks to”要比“because of”或“due to”恰当。 2.In my sixties, one change I notice is that______________(我比以前更容易累了)。 [答案] I am more inclined to get tired than before [解析]本句待译部分是个宾语从句,其中包含一个比较结构“比以前更„„”,对应的英文表达是“more„than before”.本题着眼于考查考生灵活运用习惯表达法的能力。此句中“我更累了”的英文表达,译为“I am inclined to get tired”显然要比简单译为“I feel more tired”的得分高。 3.I am going to pursue this course, ______________(无论我要作出什么样的牺牲). [答案] no matter what kind of sacrifice I will make [解析]本句待译部分是个条件状语从句。考生首先确定“无论什么”的英文表达为“no matter what”,然后根据句首的“no matter”后面部分应用倒装,将被强调的内容置于“what” 之后。 从以上三题,我们可以看出汉译英题型具有以下特点: 1.5个句子长短不等,既有简单句,又有复合句。 2.内容单纯,不需要专业理论知识。只是一般的短句翻译,没有大主题语境,也就是只做到“信”、“达”、“雅”这三个翻译标准的前两项就已基本符合要求。 3.主要题型为短句翻译和短语翻译,今年仍然着眼于考察考生两方面的知识和能力。一是重要语法规则的掌握及理解,如时态、语态、倒装结构和比较结构;二是对重要固定搭配的认知和实际应用。 2013英语四级考试全攻略考试入门四级词汇四级语法四级听力四级写作四级阅读三、实用汉译英技巧 作为公共英语四级阶段考生,受词汇量和知识结构影响,他们在英语学习的过程中很少或根本就没有进行过系统的翻译训练,往往缺乏足够的句子理解能力和良好的英语语言表达能力。致使在考试中普遍得分不高,译文问题不少。针对汉译英题型的测试要求、命题特点,及考生经常出现的错误,现提出一些汉译英技巧以供考生参考。 1. 熟记四级常考词组和搭配 词组和固定搭配是四级最为核心的考点,这些也属于基本知识点,考生在备考阶段应背诵并牢记,以便在考试中可以快速恰当的运用。 2.恰当选词 考生在考试时应注意恰当词语的选择,尽量避免过于笼统的词语,还要注意近义词的选择。 3.强化重点语法知识 语法题自2004年6月彻底推出了四级的舞台,但这并不意味着四级考生可以忽视语法的重要性。在这里根据历年语法真题,简要提出6种大家应重视的语法类型。 1) 定语从句和状语从句 定语从句要注意的几种常考类型有: Where 引导的限制性定语从句/介词+关系代词 e.g. in which引导的定语从句;as引导的非限定性定语从句;;名词/代词/数词/形容词的比较级或最高级+of+which/who/whom/whose结构;that 或which引导的定语从句;whose引导的定语从句等。 状语从句可以细分为:让步、时间、条件、目的、方式、地点、原因、结果和比较状语从句。每一种状语从句都有固定的引导词,各引导词的用法和一些用来引导状语从句的短语和固定结构都是常见考点,应予以重视。 2) 倒装结构 英语中的倒装结构分为全部倒装和部分倒装。哪些否定词或者短语前置能引起倒装句,部分倒装和全部倒装有何区别,as和so在倒装结构中的用法及意义等等,都是考生应当重视的地方。 3) 条件句 条件句分为真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。虚拟语气用在非真实条件句中。包括:if条件虚拟语气、错综时间条件句、含蓄条件句、省略连词if的虚拟语气形式。 4)非谓语动词
6 非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和分词。 5)时态转换和被动语态 英语中一共有16个时态,最常用的5个时态是一般现在时、现在进行时、一般过去时、一般将来时和现在完成时。历年四级中的常考点是将来完成时、现在完成时、过去完成时和完成进行时。在翻译时,考生首先要抓住的就是已知信息中的时间状语,是现在时间、将来时间还是过去时间、是短暂时间还是延续性时间。 被动语态也是近年四级翻译的一个连续出题点。 6)主谓一致 英语中,谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语保持一致。通常遵循三个原则:语法一致、概念一致和就近原则。 4.扩展思维,灵活翻译 汉译英试题中有的汉语部分一眼看上去似乎不易找到合适的译文,这时候就需要进行发散性思维,尽量力求翻译答案多样化,以便开阔思路,掌握重点核心表达。 5.注意中英文的适当转换 翻译是两种语言的转换,即运用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思维内容准确而完整地表达出来的创造性语言活动.中英文在谴词和造句中都有很大不同,翻译时应进行适当的转换。汉译英中经常会涉及到的转换有句式、语态、词性 问题及建议 基础知识不扎实是考生汉译英得分不高的关键,所以提高汉译英能力必须从基础抓起,必须加强基本词汇、固定搭配的记忆,加强基础语法与句型的训练,使学生打好坚实的语言基础。大学教学中,教师要多对学生进行系统性的翻译训练,并及时讲评,准确发现学生易犯的错误,通过对比分析和错误分析把母语和目的语进行比较,找出两种语言的差异。把学生的错误进行归类、分析、解释,反复练习,提高学生英语表达的准确性。长期坚持以上方法,就能提高学生的翻译能力,从而提高英语综合应用能力。奥运会是国际性的体育盛会(sportingevents),体育项目种类繁多,分为夏冬两季,均是每4年举办一次。最初有记载的奥运会于公元前776年在希腊的奥林匹亚(Olympia)举行。奥运会是最大的媒体活动之一。2000年悉尼奥运会上,有超过1.6万名播音员和新闻记者参与报道。据估计,有38亿观众通过电视收看了此届盛会。然而,奥运会的发展也是奥运会面临的一个大问题。