大学英语四级词汇语法讲义

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大学英语四级词汇语法讲义第一部分、语法讲义　　2003年6月的四级考试题型变革，把长期以来作为重点考查的语法减至一题。非谓语动词、虚拟语气、关系代词、时态语态等等这些长期以来考点已经被打入冷宫。之后的考试语法题基本消失。我们在配置自己的有限备考时间也应有所调整。　　语法之于英语学习的重要性实际上并没有如何降低，在语言知识运用(完形填空等)、作文、阅读长难句分析方面起到的作用是不可替代的。因此我们要抓住复习的重点，集中突破在各个题型最容易出问题的语法点。　　该部分将主要结合阅读理解长难句分析来快速掌握语法的精髓。很多时候，我们准确定位之后，由于和问题相关的句子长、难，造成最终理解错误而选错答案，这非常可惜，连前面定位的时间都浪费了。能否快速有效的抓住定位句子的主干大意和次要细节实际已经成为阅读分数高低的一个关键问题。　　第一节、解决四级英语长难句的意义　　·1、阅读，抓不住句子重点，在一个句子上浪费太多时间。最后根据不完整的理解，碰运气乱猜答案。　　·2、翻译，提笔不知从哪里下手；胡乱写几行，卷面乱，不知所云，影响印象分。　　(一)长难句到底难在哪里？--几句废话般的常识。　　1)结构复杂，逻辑层次多;　　2)单词意思常需根据上下文判断;　　3)代词的指代关系复杂;　　4)并列成分多;　　5)修饰语多，特别是后置定语很长;　　6)习惯搭配。　　注：以上情况有可能单独出现，更多是“团伙作案”。　　(二)长难句的破解的几个基本要点　　·把握规律(按照所讲的基本方法)　　·充分利用现有语法、词汇知识，提高知识的产出效率。　　·破解核心是化繁为简，化难为易。　　(三)长难句解决的具体步骤　　1、抓主干　　2、理顺主从句子关系。　　(四)分析句子成分的详细过程　　1)找出全句主谓宾或主系表，即句子的主干;　　2)找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语结构、介词短语和从句的引导词;　　3)分析从句和短语的功能，例如，是否为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句或状语从句等;以及词，短语和从句之间的关系;　　4)分析句子中是否有固定词组或固定搭配、插入语等其他成分。　　第二节、长句速读　　同位语和较长的后置定语(如人物身份，句子中间的非限制性定语从句)，很长的专有名词(如机构名称)等。这些信息需要用跳读(skip)的方法，略去不读。

1　　在文章里，经常会出现此类文字信息，目的是为了干扰视线。实际，没有必要去弄明白某人是什么大学的什么教授，也不必急着去了解美国一个部门全称或缩写是什么具体意思，因为题目中极少直接考这样的细节信息。做题时即使需要此类信息，利用人名或其它专有名词都是开头字母大写的特征很容易找到。　　例如：　　Peopleassumethatofficepoliticsinvolvessomemanipulative(工于心计的)behavior,”saysDeborahComer,anassistantprofessorofmanagementatHofstraUniversity.(2004年6月)　　Arecentstudy,publishedinlastweek’sJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation,offersapictureofhowriskyitistogetaliftfromateenagedriver.(2003年9月)　　划线部分的信息可以一扫而过，目光不需要在上面停留细读。　　第二节、长句解剖法　　一、找长句主干，常需反其道而行之。　　·你能一眼挑出长句的主谓宾/主系表？　　·主语易寻、谓语难找！　　·怎么办？　　·先去枝叶，主干立现！　　方法：去枝去叶；水落石出　　·枝：各类从句，标志有;　　·名词和代词后面的That;who;when;where等关系词、连接词。　　·叶：　　·1.各类插入语，标志为两个逗号。　　·2.各类介词短语。　　句型一：从句连环套　　·最麻烦的句子--从句套从句怎么办？　　·破解法：使用汉语连环套，顺而解之。　　·基本结构：A,AB,BC,CD　　ThechildA　　AwhoisraisedinanenvironmentB　　BwheretherearemanystimuliC　　CwhichdevelophisorhercapacityforappropriateresponsesD　　willexperiencegreaterintellectualdevelopment.　　建立汉语接龙(连环套)　　·A:孩子A　　·AB:孩子A生活在环境里B　　·BC:环境里B有刺激因素C　　·CD:刺激因素C开发他/她做出正确反应的能力D　　·大家发现了什么规律？　　·接龙连接处为先行词和引导词，两者在逻辑含意上指的是同一事物！　　这样简化的目的在于减少信息处理的复杂程度，加快解题速度。　　下一步就是根据英语句子的意思，调整汉语的句子结构。　　本句的解决方案是快速合并相同信息。　　至此，我们经历了一个拆分(英语)过程。　　句型二：短语众多　　1.标志很明显，快刀斩乱麻，剔除所有介词短语，类似同位语的成分。　　2.合理预测句子主干的走向。　　3.依据是什么？　　4.固定搭配的一部分！通常是比较简单的。

2　　5.看到more你首先会想到哪个单词？　　6.看到as,rather,aswell,呢？　　例句：　　·Forafamilyoffour,forexample,　　·itismoreconvenientaswellascheapertositcomfortablyathome,　　·withalmostunlimitedentertainmentavailable,　　·thantogoout　　·insearchofamusementelsewhere.　　·提示：是关于看电视的文章。　　·该句主干易确定，itismoreAthanB.　　二、主句简单，而短语众多的句子，需耐心层层剥开。　　例1：　　Whatrefrigeration(冷藏技术)dideffectivelypromotewasmarketing--marketinghardwareandelectricity,marketingsoftdrinks,marketingdeadbodiesofanimalsaroundtheglobeinsearchofagoodprice.　　Whatrefrigeration(冷藏技术)dideffectivelypromote　　wasmarketing　　--marketinghardwareandelectricity,marketingsoftdrinks,marketingdeadbodiesofanimals　　aroundtheglobe　　insearchofagoodprice.　　例2：　　TrackingwhalesisbutoneexampleofanexcitingnewworldjustopeningtocivilianscientistsafterthecoldwarastheNavystartstoshareandpartlyuncoveritsglobalnetworkofunderwaterlisteningsystembuiltoverthedecadestotracktheshipsofpotentialenemies.　　三、注意语境陷阱：　　对策：看清上下文，确定关键词义。　　Thefridgeisconsideredanecessity.Ithasbeensosincethe1960swhenpackagedfoodfirstappearedwiththelabel:“storeintherefrigerator.”　　Inmyfridgelessfiftieschildhood,Iwasfedwellandhealthily.　　按照刚才讲的步骤做：　　1.把句子快速切割，抓出重点。　　2.必要时写下主干汉语意思。　　第三节、长难句解剖练习　　注意：除以上基本方法外，必须配合逻辑分析(尤其是连词、惯用搭配结构的使用)。　　1.Therealitythathasblockedmypathtobecomingthetypicalsuccessfulstudentisthatengineeringandtheliberalartssimplydon'tmixaseasilyasIassumedinhighschool.　　2.RobertFoss,ascientistattheUniversityofNorthCarolinaHighwaySafetyResearchCenter,saysthehigherdeathratesforteenagedrivershavelesstodowith“reallystupidbehavior”thanwithjustalackofdrivingexperience.　　3.Bothheandtheauthorofthestudybelievethatthewaytomitigate(缓解)theproblemistohavestatesinstituteso-calledgraduatedlicensingsystems,inwhichgettingalicenseisamultistageprocess.　　4.Whatismostimportant,differentlayersofoceanwatercanactaschannelsforsounds,

3focusingtheminthesamewayastethoscope(听诊器)doeswhenitcarriesfaintnoisesfromapatient’schesttoadoctor’sear.　　5.Thekeytopreventingortreatingbehaviorproblemsislearningtoteachthedogtoredirectitsnormalbehaviortooutletsthatareacceptableinthedomesticsetting.　　6.Non-smokersremembered19percentmoreofthemostimportantinformationthanactivesmokers,anddeprivedsmokersbestedthosewhohadsmokedacigarettejustbeforetesting.　　7.Deeplyinvolvedwiththisnewtechnologyisabreedofmodernbusinesspeoplewhohaveagrowingrespectfortheeconomicvalueofdoingbusinessabroad.　　8.Theemployeepostedabroadwhospeaksthecountry'sprincipallanguagehasanopportunitytofast-forwardcertainnegotiations,andcanhavetheculturalinsighttoknowwhenitisbettertomovemoreslowly.　　9.Historically,mostphysical-fitnesstestshaveusuallyincludedmeasuresofmuscularstrengthandendurance,notforhealth-relatedreasons,butprimarilybecausesuchfitnesscomponentshavebeenrelatedtoperformanceinathletics.　　10.“ButthosewhowanttobanthebombforAmericancitizensclaimthatifyouhaveonelockedinthecabinet,withthefuseinadrawer,youwouldneverbeabletoassembleitintimetostopanintruder(侵入者)”.　　11.Thereportcitestwomaincauses:increasingphysicalisolation—broughtonbyhighdivorceratesandlessinvolvementincommunity,amongotherthings—andagrowingperceptionthattheworldisamoredangerousplace.　　第四节、利用语法分析准确理解句子　　语法分析在阅读中发挥举足轻重的应用，在做题时进行精确句子分析，可以极大提高选择的准确率。　　1.Trainingshouldbefunandrewardingforyouandyourdog.Itcanenrichyourrelationshipandmakelivingtogethermoreenjoyable.Awell-traineddogismoreconfidentandcanmoresafelybeallowedagreateramountoffreedomthananuntrainedanimal.　　Question:Whenadoghasreceivedeffectiveobediencetraining,itsowner____.　　A)cangivethedogmorerewards　　B)willenjoyabetterfamilylife　　C)cangivethedogmorefreedom　　D)willhavemoreconfidenceinhimself　　2.Heroesarecatalysts(催化剂)forchange.Theyhaveavisionfromthemountaintop.Theyhavetheskillandthecharmtomovethemasses.Theycreatenewpossibilities.WithoutGandhi,IndiamightstillbepartoftheBritishEmpire.WithoutRosaParksandMartinLutherKing,Jr.,wemightstillhavesegregated(隔离的)buses,restaurants,andparks.Itmaybepossibleforlarge-scalechangetooccurwithoutleaderswithmagneticpersonalities,butthepaceofchangewouldbeslow,thevisionuncertain,andthecommitteemeetingsendless.　　Question:GandhiandMartinLutherKingaretypicalexamplesofoutstandingleaderswho_____.　　A)aregoodatdemonstratingtheircharmingcharacters　　B)canmovethemasseswiththeirforcefulspeeches　　C)arecapableofmeetingallchallengesandhardships　　D)canprovideananswertotheproblemsoftheirpeople　　3.ALabourPartyMemberoftheParliament,MikeFoster,istryingtogetParliamentto

4approveanewlawwhichwillmakethehuntingofwildanimalswithdogsillegal.Ifthelawispassed,wildanimalslikefoxeswillbeprotectedunderthebaninBritain.　　AnewlawmaybepassedbytheBritishParliamentto________.　　A)prohibitfarmersfromhuntingfoxes　　　　B)forbidhuntingfoxeswithdogs　　C)stophuntingwildanimalsinthecountryside　　　　D)preventlarge-scalefoxhunting第五节、利用词法、语法解其它题型　　一、阅读中词汇题　　词汇题里考到的词汇通常有两种情况：一种是超过大纲的生词；一种是简单词汇，但意义不常见。解这类题的最基本的方法是利用上下文来猜测词汇的大体意思，然后对照选项挑选最接近的表达。　　解词汇题有几种常见的技巧：　　(1)复述或例证　　First,Americansasawholetendtobefairlyprovincialandtakemoreofaninterestinlocalaffairs.Knowledgeofworldgeography,forexample,hasneverbeenstronginthiscountry.　　Theword“provincial”mostprobablymeans_____.(1999年6月)　　A)limitedinoutlookB)likepeoplefromtheprovinces　　C)rigidinthinkingD)interestedinworldfinancialaffairs　　解题思路：provincial后面的并列句子takemoreofaninterestinlocalaffairs是对provincial一词的复述。“对地方事务更感兴趣”表明provincial就是狭隘。A是最好的解释。后面举例子是确认第一推测的双保险。　　(2)比较与对比　　Thefourthtestrequiredpeopletoreadapassage,thenanswerquestionsaboutit.Non-smokersremembered19percentmoreofthemostimportantinformationthanactivesmokers,anddeprivedsmokersbestedthosewhohadsmokedacigarettejustbeforetesting.Activesmokerstendednotonlytohavepoorermemoriesbutalsohadtroubleseparatingimportantinformationfrominsignificantdetails.(1998年6月)　　Theword“bested”(Line3,Para.5)mostprobablymeans_______.　　A)beatB)enviedC)caughtupwithD)madethebestof　　解题思路：　　原文中考查单词bested出现在比较句中，句子直译为“受限制吸烟者____了测试前刚抽过一根烟的人”。这个句子是并列句的后半部分，因此与前面的语义应该有平行关系。前文意思是“不吸烟的人比常吸烟的人多记住19%的最重要信息”。因此根据句式要求，后面bested所在句子也应该是甲大于/多于乙的关系。故A为正确选项。　　二、15选10文章填空　　利用语法常识快速缩小范围，方法是根据“左邻右里”确定所缺词汇所充当的句子成分、词性。看下例。　　Inrecentyears,manyAmericansofbothsexesand1ageshavebecomeinterestedinimprovingtheirbodies.Theyhavebecome2tophysicalfitness.Theneedtoexercisehasalmostbecomecompulsivewithmanypeoplewhohaveastrong3to‘bemorephysicallyfit’.　　Bynature,Americansareenthusiasticandenergeticabouttheirhobbiesandpastimes.Theytypically4thisenthusiasm,andenergytojogging,runningorotherexercises.Asaresult,therearerunningclubsorgymstojoinandmanybooksandmagazinestoreadabout5fit.

5　　Thewishtobephysicallyfitisexplainedbya“passion”forgoodhealth.Thehighrateofheartattacksinthe1960scausedasharp6onthepartofthepublicinimprovingtheirbodies.Nowadays,middle-agedmen,inparticular,7alotfromheartattacks.Consequently,theyareonegroupstronglyinterestedinmorephysicalexercise.　　Infact,manydoctors8theirpatientstobecomemorephysically9,especiallythosewhohavesedentary(坐着的)jobs.Itisinterestingtonotethattherateofheartattacksbegantodecreaseinthe1970sanditisstilldecreasing.Physicalfitness10enjoysafavoredroleintheUnitedStates.Itisanew“love”thatmanyAmericanshavetreasured.Willthislastlong？Onlytimecantell--oruntilanother“newpassion”appears.　　A)keepingI)alwaysB)increaseJ)benefitC)consistentlyK)applyD)currentlyL)desireE)devotedM)encourageF)decreaseN)challengingG)activeO)variousH)suffer第二部分、词汇讲义　　一、扫除词汇死角、不择手段背单词　　1.下载词汇表，编辑、打印成便携式卡片。　　2.在每张卡片上注明背诵及每次复习的时间。　　3.每次复习时遮住汉语注释部分，能说出汉语意义即为通过，否则做个记号，重点复习。　　3.随时随地，走火入魔式复习。要善于利用零碎时间(3-5分钟)为复习一张卡片时间。　　10.22背10.23复110.26复211.4复3abandon/ə’bændən/vt.丢弃；放弃，抛弃aboard/ə’bɔ:d/ad.在船(车)上；上船absolute/‘æbsəlu:t/a.绝对的；纯粹的absolutely/‘æbsəlu:tli/ad.完全地；绝对地absorb/əb’sɔ:b/vt.吸收；使专心abstract/’æbstrækt/n.摘要abundant/ə’bΛndənt/a.丰富的；大量的abuse/ə’bju:z,ə’bju:s/vt.滥用；虐待n.滥用academic/ækə’demik/a.学院的；学术的accelerate/æk’seləreit/vt.(使)加快；促进access/‘ækses/n.接近；通道，入口accidental/æksi’dentl/a.偶然的；非本质的accommodate/ə’kɔmədeit/vt.容纳；供应，供给　　二、常见同义词用法错误辨析　　多数中国学生由于平时背单词时只记汉语解释，而词典或词汇表中汉语的解释非常笼统，很多英语单词的汉语解释相同或类似，结果使很多单词被误认为是同义词，最后在选择词汇题和选词造句时就出现了严重的问题！　　下面几个单词的用法在收集的错误中比例非常高,而在表达时由于其使用频率很高,因此必须保证在这些地方多加小心。注意下面列举的用法错误(划线部分的)属于词汇用法问题，而不是语法结构问题。　　启示：词典(英汉、汉英、电子)的正确使用方法。　　一、单词错误　　(一)名词错误　　1.Howperfectyourpersonaltechnology,ifyoudon’twork…,you’lllosethematch.(skills)　　2.…,Iwillmakethedistanceshortbetweentherichandthepoorinmyhometown.(gap)　　3.Onlyoneshortsentencecanencourageher/hischildverymuch.(afewwords)　　4.Youwillhaveacheerfulemotion(mood)　　5.Since…,people’slifelevelisimprovingfast.(livingstandard)　　6.Peoplechattingonlinearenottellingeachotherthetrueword.(truth)　　7.Ifapersondoesn’twanttotalkaboutortelltheirheart-thingtohisfriends,…(worries/concers/cares)　　8.hewouldhavesomespiritualbarricade.(mentalbreakdown)　　9.Intherainyweather,thecases(roadconditions)areespeciallyterrible.

6(things)表示情况的词汇辨析：case,circumstance,situation,　　10.Justlikeplayinggames,onemarkwillletyoulose.(point)比较score,result,mark,point.　　(二)形容词错误　　1.Inmyopinion,tobeagoodparentis…forher/hischild.Thisthoughtissoeasy.(simplistic)　　2.Ifyoudon’twanttoleadaneasylife,workhard!(simple/ordinary)　　3.HetoldmehewantedtocallmewhenIwasconvenient,butIwascheated.(available/free)　　4.Thefirewascomingtothem,soallofthemwereverydangerous.(indanger)　　5.Afterthisincident,Iwasverypainfulanddidnotwanttogotoschool.(upset)　　6.Pricesaremuchcheaperinstreetmarkets.(lower)　　7.Ifyouarehighlevel,youwillbenoticedbyothersquickly.(outstanding)　　8.…theyknowtheymustlearnaboutthepast,theyshouldbehard.(hard-working)　　9.AsfarasmyEnglishisconcerned,myvocabularyistoolittle.(limited)　　10.Eatingoutsideisnotaseconomicascookingandeatingathome.(economical)　　11.Receivingtheresults,mymindwascompletelyempty.(blank)　　12.Hearinghiswords,myheartbecameverycomplex.(heavy)　　(三)动词和动词短语　　1.Theythink:“Imustcan’tpasstheexamwhateveritis,soIgiveup.”(delete)　　2.TVwatchers,likeme,don’tliketheprogramstobebrokenbytheads.(interrputed)　　3.Amanwhoistooproudmustnottakeotherpeople’sadvice.(willdefinitely)　　4.Because…,hemustmeetallsortsofdifficultiesandobstacles.(willsurely/definitely)　　5.Onlywhenyouinsistworkinghard,canyourealizeyourideal.(keep)　　6.IwasveryangrythatshedoubtedthatIcheatedinherexam.(suspected)　　7.Ifthat’sthecase,ourhometownmustbecomemorebeautifulinthefuture.(willdefinitely)　　(四)副词　　1.Especially,scienceandtechnologyarehighlyimportantandemphasized.(Particularly)　　2.Onlythis,theycanmakethedistantwithchildrenshort.(thus/inthisway)　　二、搭配错误　　(一)动词+名词搭配错误(动词与名词不搭配)　　1.Teamworkspiritisveryimportant,especiallywhenyouattendthematchsuchasfootballmatch.(participatein)　　2.Herfatherreceivedthetelephoneandtoldmethatshe…andIfeltvery…(answered)　　3.Thiscertainlyeffectsthepeople’slives;theycanchooseanykindiftheywant.(affect)　　4.Allthesecouldeffectthemarksoftheexamandmightmakethemunabletostudyinaschoolawholeyear.(affect)　　5.Itseemedthatnoonewhocancausemyattention.(attract)　　6.It(mathsproblem)wasthathardthat(it)spenthimawholenight.(took)　　7.Itisstudents’dutytostudyknowledgeatuniversity.(acquire)　　8.Loveisnotallaboutroses,everyonehastoworktomaintainhis/herlife.(sustain)　　9.Allparentswanttheirkidstoacceptgoodeducation.(receive)　　10.Theoldmanappreciatedhimverymuch.(liked)　　11.Becauseitisstillexistandeffectyou.(affect)　　12.Somefreshmenaretryingtosuitthenewschool.(adaptto)　　13.Internetalsoeffectsone’shealth.(affects)　　14.Whenwetouchtheotherpeopleinthesociety,…(areincontactwith)

7　　15.Atthesametimeyouomitthefriendsaroundyou.(ignore)　　16.…,butwecan’tspeakourunhappinesstootherpeople…(tell)　　17.Idreamoneday,thefarmersgoabroadtostudynewknowledge.(acquire)　　18.Soitisimportanttoraisethefriendshipbetweenpeople.(promote)　　19.Nowwearelearningknowledgeintheuniversity,self-confidencecanhelpus…(acquiring)　　20.Whydidhe(BillGates)receivesogreatsuccess?(achieve)　　21.…andyoualsomustknowhowit(TV)effectsourliving.(affects)　　22.Onmyfirstdayatcollege,Imetmanynewfaces.(saw)　　23.Ithinktheeducationaldepartmentshouldlightthestudents’burden.(reduce/lighten)　　24.Itnotonlyexpandsoureyes,(widens)　　25.Mymotherisverypatientandnotafraidmeaddtrouble.(maketrouble)　　26.Youngpeopleworshipstarsblindlysotheywillmissthemselves.(lose)　　27.Ifwedon’tdeletetheexaminations,qualityeducationisanemptyword.(abolish)　　(二)及物、不及物动词混用　　1.IpityXXXverymuchwhenIheardthatfatherdivorcedwithhermother...(divorced)　　2.Somestudentsareverylazyandonlypreparetheexams...(preparefor)　　3.Iusuallyrelaxmyselfbylisteningtolightmusic.(delete)　　4.Inclassroom,weoftenarguequestionstoenlargeourminds.(argueover)　　5.Idisagreetheopinion“leaningaboutthepasthasno…inthepresent”.(disagreewith)　　6.Tome,Iprefertoagreethelatterone.(agreeto)　　7.Agoodparentshouldn’tinterferehischild’slifetoomuch.(interferein)　　8.Iftheconsumerscomplainthequalityoftheproducts,…(complainabout)　　9.Idon’tbelievefatebecausetheroadisunderyourfoot.(believein)　　10.IfeltveryangrythathesaidIdidnotcarehim.(careabout)　　(三)形容词+名词搭配　　1.Inmodernsociety,people’snervousworkoftenmakesthemtootired.(intense)　　2.Ifyouarenotconfident,you’llneverfacethecruelcompetitioninthesociety.(fierce)　　3.Myhometown,asmallvillagewithhard-workingandsimple-mindedpeople.(pureandhonest)　　4.First,theadvancedschoolandhighlevelteachersareneeded.(well-qualified)　　5.Itisbetternottoberomanticinourrealisticlife.(real)　　6.Weallexpectedhimtobeablackhorseinthefootballmatchagainstclass2.(dark)　　7.Nowthesummerholidayisover,andnervousstudylifehasbegun.(intense)　　8.Inbigcities,thereisalwayscrowdedtraffic,whileinthecountryside…(heavy/congested)　　(四)汉语成语的影响　　1.IameighteenyearsoldandIamthepearlonmyparents’palm.(appleofmyparents’eye)　　2.Plainfacetowardsskyismyhabit.(Wearingnomakeup/Chinesephrase‘sumianchaotian’)　　3.Aparentmustn’tpickshootstohelpgrowth.(spoilchildrenbyexcessiveenthusiasm)　　4.Itisnobetterthanfiftypaceslaughingat100paces.(thepotcallsthekettleblack)　　5.Allparentslooktheirsonstobedragonsand(expecttheirsonstobetalents)　　6.(Allparentslook…)theirdaughterstobephoenix.(expecttheirdaughterstobetalents)　　7.Ifyoudon’tadmitthispoint,youarestealingbellcoveringears.(deceivingyourself)

8　　(五)未归类错误　　1.…andwearealwayshavingtouchwitheachother.(keeping)　　2.Ithinkitisveryrighttosayprideleadstofailure.(quite)　　3.IfIcanchange,Iwillextendthesmallfactoriesinmyhometownand...(expand)　　4.Hecommittedsuicidethreetimesandatlasthedecidedtoliveontostruggle.(attempted)　　自我总结：　　1、平日记忆单词的习惯;2、平日使用词典的习惯;3、改进的方案; 四级词汇精练240题　　本部分有四级词汇练习8套，共计240题，囊括四级核心常考词汇，词组，为四级考试完型、阅读、写作、听力等各个部分提供强有力的词汇支持。　　这些词汇练习的目的在于培养一种良好的解题思路和习惯--立足词汇最基本的含义，提高现有词汇知识的利用率。冷静处理看似意思相同的选项，这都需要在做题时有清晰的解题程序和思考方法。　　通过提供的意群和语境来判断，不能简单地望文生义，四级词汇题很多选项干扰性很强，。　　注意：这些词汇的用法也经常在完型填空里考查，短语也常出现在阅读理解中，一定要融会贯通，为四级考试以及未来其它考试打下良好的基础！　　ExerciseOne　　1.Inthewife’seyes,his_____totheirmarriagelifeisfarfromperfect.　　A)requirementB)commitmentC)participationD)reflection　　2.IntheeventofSARS,some_____itwhileotherslosttheircouragetodoanythingaboutit.　　A)cameuptoB)liveduptoC)faceduptoD)caughtupto　　3.Expertshave_____withsomeeffectivemeasurestopreventthediseasefromspreading.　　A)caughtupB)putupC)comeupD)keptup　　4.Ifpeoplefeelhopeless,theydon’tbotherto_____theskillstheyneedtosucceed.　　A)requireB)inquireC)acquireD)enquire　　5.Asaresultofhishardwork,hehasgained______totheBeijingUniversity.　　A)admissionB)commitmentC)opportunityD)reward　　6.Intheadvancedcoursestudentsmusttakeperformancetestsatmonthly____.　　A)gapsB)lengthsC)distancesD)intervals　　7.Onlywhenoneis______ofone’sgettingbehindisonemorelikelytocatchup.　　A)criticalB)awareC)visualD)effective　　8.Hehada____lookinhiseyes.Hemusthavebeenshocked.　　A)emptyB)bareC)blankD)hollow　　9.Asanideal_____tothespreadofSARS,thismedicineisnowingreatdemand.　　A)barrierB)commitmentC)challengeD)access　　10.Whenherbusinessgoeswrong,shetendsto_____foradvice.　　A)getaccesstoB)comeacrossC)reachoutD)speakup　　11.Themostimportantforusnowisto_____whatistobedonenext.　　A)allowofB)reflectonC)feellikeD)remindof　　12.Americanwomenwere____therighttovoteuntil1920aftermanyyearsofhardstruggle.　　A)ignoredB)refusedC)neglectedD)denied　　13.Goodhabitsoflivinghaveprovedtobeofmuch_____toourhealth.　　A)barrierB)benefitC)immunityD)commitment

9　　14.Themedicinethedoctorgaveme____myheadache.　　A)reducedB)improvedC)releasedD)relieved　　15.Asa(n)_____job,itrequiresmuchtimeandcommitmentandpersistence.　　A)unwillingB)demandingC)embarrassingD)frustrating　　16.The_____tobebetterthanothersdriveshimtoworkharderthanbefore.　　A)uniquenessB)eagernessC)awarenessD)effectiveness　　17.Whilestudyinghewasfinanciallydependent____hiswife.　　A)onB)ofC)toD)from　　18.Anyonethatgoesagainstthesocialorderis_____toanswerforhisaction.　　A)possibleB)probablyC)likelyD)normally　　19.Thereismuchthatcanbedoneabouttheaccidents_____fromcarelessness.　　A)aroseB)arisenC)arisingD)arise　　20._____hissister,Jackisquietanddoesnoteasilymakefriendswithothers.　　A)DislikeB)UnlikeC)AlikeD)Liking　　21.Morenew_____willbeopenedupinthejobmarketforthosewithagoodCET6scorereport.　　A)opportunitiesB)necessitiesC)realitiesD)probabilities　　22.UnliketheproblemsI_____inhighschool,IhavefewchancestospeakEnglishinclassatcollege.　　A)cameacrossB)cameaboutC)cameafterD)cameof　　23.Nowthattheyhavenotdoneanything______aboutthesituation,itshowsnoevidencetoreturntonormal.　　A)uniqueB)effectiveC)absoluteD)sequential　　24.He____themedicinequicklyandthendranksomeorangejuice.　　A)suckedB)swallowedC)lickedD)digested　　25.Theseproductsare_____forexport,thoughafewofthemmaycomeintohomemarkets.　　A)completelyB)absolutelyC)essentiallyD)necessarily　　26.Theteam’sattempttowinthegamewas_____bytheopposinggoalkeeper.　　A)shockedB)frustratedC)givenupD)caughtup　　27.Heisquitesurethatit’s_____impossibleforhimtofulfillthetaskwithintwodays.　　A)fullyB)exclusivelyC)absolutelyD)roughly　　28.Thepolicewantedhertodescribealltheeventsofthatmorningin_____.　　A)timeB)additionC)sequenceD)place　　29.ThankstotheInternet,wecansharesorrowandhappinessateachother’shomethroughthe_____ofe-mail.　　A)roleB)mediumC)modemD)sequence　　30.Intheirowneyes,itisrather_____thatthemedicalcommunityasawholestillhaslittleideaaboutthecauseofSARS.　　A)rewardingB)demandingC)embarrassingD)requiring　　ExerciseTwo　　1.Ontheconference,representativesfromdifferentcountries_________differentviewpointsonthisinternationalissue.　　A)putoutB)putoffC)putforthD)putdown　　2.The_____oftheseasonshaslongbeenobservedbypeopleinallpartsoftheworld.

10　　A)rhythmB)regulationC)clickD)identity　　3.Ourresearchhasfocusedonadrugwhichisso_____astobeabletochangebrainchemistry.　　A)influentialB)monstrousC)vigorousD)powerful　　4.Thefootballermadea(n)_____gesture,whichmadetheaudience’sbloodboil.　　A)immatureB)offeringC)offensiveD)hesitative　　5.However,attimesthisbalanceinnatureis____,resultinginanumberofpossibleunforeseeneffects.　　A)troubledB)disturbedC)confusedD)disgusted　　6.Ashewasunawareofthecomplexityofthisproblem,hischoicewasquite____.　　A)rationalB)arbitraryC)mechanicalD)unpredictable　　7.Taxcutsarethemostimportant_____thegovernmenthasforstimulatingtheeconomy.　　A)instructionB)equipmentC)instrumentD)stuff　　8.Spittingonthegroundisnotonly______butalsoharmfultoothers’health.　　A)shamingB)bangingC)grabbingD)disgusting　　9.Theresidentsherecomplainthattheyhavebeenintensely_____bytheendlessnoisesfromthebuildingsitesforweeks.　　A)annoyedB)piercedC)wrappedD)destroyed　　10.Thenewsmademanystudents______thatmanyuniversitiesstillbindtheissueofdiplomawiththeirCET4results.　　A)awfulB)upsetC)tunelessD)lucky　　11.Itisnotsurprisingthatinmoderntimesthe_______inthismonthmaybeoutofdateinnext.　　A)fashionB)anchorC)sectionD)brow　　12.Theideaofwinningtheeyesofthepeoplearound____powerfullytosomeyoungsters,sotheyareeagerlyidentifyingthemselves.　　A)sticksB)holdsC)attractD)appeals　　13.Weareexpectingtoseethattheconcertedresearchworkwillcomeupwitha_____solutiontotheproblem.　　A)permanentB)perspectiveC)persistentD)persuasive　　14.Hemade______alterationstohishouseandthensolditatahugeprofit.　　A)offensiveB)horribleC)radicalC)patient　　15.Althoughthereisnoeasycureforthisfataldiseaseatpresent,someofitscauseshavebeen______byexperts.　　A)rebelledB)distractedC)boltedD)identified　　16.Apositiveanswermakesyoufeelgood,buta(n)______oneteachesyoualot.　　A)affirmativeB)negativeC)offensiveD)tuneless　　17.Attheearlystageofachild’sdevelopment,thefamilytendstohaveagreater_____onhimthanhisschool.　　A)instrumentB)identityC)communicationD)influence　　18.Mr.Hendersonwasdeterminedtoremain_____.Heneitherstoodonhiswife’ssidenoronhismother’sside.　　A)naturalB)neutralC)nervousD)native　　19.Itisacommonpracticeinwesterncountriesthatonemustmakea(n)_____beforeseeing

11hisdoctororvisitingafriend.　　A)offerB)appointmentC)makeupD)toast　　20.Whenshewastoldthathercatwaskilledbytheneighbor’sdog,theoldlady_____tears.　　A)reachedforB)boltedoutC)burstintoD)turnon　　21.Writingisaslowprocess,requiring____thought,timeandeffort.　　A)significantB)considerableC)greatD)numerous　　22.Thankyouforapplyingforapositionwithourfirm.Wedonothaveanyopeningsatthistime,butweshallkeepyourapplicationon____fortwomonths.　　A)pileBportionC)sequenceD)file　　23.Onlyaselectednumberoflandladiesintheneighbourhoodhavebeenallowedbytheuniversitytotakein_____.　　A)residentsB)inhabitantsC)lodgersD)settlers　　24.Duringtheconferencethespeakertriedto_____tothemhisfeelingsconcerningtheurgencyofafavorabledecision.　　A)complyB)imposeC)implyD)convey　　25.He____hiscontrolbymakinghisstudentsquiet.　　A)assessedB)assertedC)acquiredD)monitored　　26.Ifyouwanttogetintothattunnel,youfirsthaveto____awayalltherocks.　　A)repelB)pullC)transferD)dispose　　27.Doyoubelievethesetwo____friendsusedtobebitterenemies?　　A)intimateB)emotionalC)intenseD)supreme　　28.Althoughmostdreamsapparentlyhappen______,dreamactivitymaybeprovokedbyexternalinfluences.　　A)spontaneouslyB)simultaneouslyC)homogeneouslyD)instantaneously　　29.Accordingtotheinstructionswereceived,wecannotacceptphotocopies(复印件),butneedthe___　　A)sourceB)resourcesC)originD)original　　30._____thepopularbeliefthatclassicalmusicistoocomplex,itachievesasimplicitythatonlyageniuscancreate.　　A)SubjecttoB)ContrarytoC)FamiliartoD)Similarto　　ExerciseThree　　1.Heislateagaintoday.I’ll____thathewillnotbelatetomorrow.　　A)refertoitB)looktohimC)seetoitD)turntoit　　2.Ashehadworkedinthearmyasanelectricalengineerformanyyears,hehadevery____forthejob.　　A)privilegeB)obligationC)qualificationD)quality　　3.Afterthedisaster,thetruth____usthatahealthyhabitoflivingcankeeponeawayfromsometerriblediseases.　　A)focuseduponB)imposeduponC)dawneduponD)leanedupon　　4.Afterfailingtheexamsthreetimes,Jackrealizedthathe’dnever____inEnglish.　　A)seetoitB)attainitC)catchitD)makeit　　5.Susanhasnotbeenofficially____toJohnson.　　A)engagedB)occupiedC)practicedD)undertaken　　6.Aftersomanyyears,hestill____thehopethathislostsonwouldreturnoneday.

12　　A)clangtoB)clungtoC)inclinedtoD)subjectedto　　7.Theactionofcheatinginanexaminationwould____you____severepunishment.　　A)cause…toB)subject…toC)turn…toD)take…to　　8.Thisarticle____moreattentiontotheproblemofculturalinterferenceinforeignlanguageteachingandlearning.　　A)callsforB)appliesforC)caresforD)allowsfor　　9.Idon’tthinkthatyourwatchis____.　　A)worthythepriceB)worththepriceC)worthytobuyD)worthtobuy　　10.Heis____averyoldmanbutinfactheisonlyfiftyyearsold.　　A)apparentlyB)evidentlyC)absolutelyD)actually　　11.Itisnotpoliteto____aspeakerwithfrequentquestions.　　A)interpretB)interveneC)interruptD)interfere　　12.Theirdaughteroftenturnsadeafeartotheirinquiries,sotheysometimeshaveto____answersfromher.　　A)interruptB)exchangeC)squeezeD)exit　　13.Hisconstantfailuresinlovefinallythrewhimoffhis____ofmind.　　A)moodB)engagementC)sympathyD)balance　　14.Mycameracanbe____totakepicturesincloudyorsunnyconditions.　　A)adaptedB)adjustedC)adoptedD)remedied　　15.Youngchildrensoon____wordstheyheartheireldersuse.　　A)putforwardB)pickoutC)turnupD)pickup　　16.Weforgavehisbadtemperbecauseweknowthathisson’sillnesshadputhimundergreat____.　　A)upsetB)stressC)crisisD)oppression　　17.Hispolitical______cametoanend20yearsago.　　A)occupationB)employmentC)careerD)profession　　18.Theexplorerlosthiswaysoheclimbedtothetopofthehillto____himself.　　A)spotB)locateC)placeD)situate　　19.Wecouldseeonlythe____outlineofthemountaininthedistance.　　A)vagueB)darkC)meanD)dim　　20.Becausethecompanywasdoingmorebusinessitwasnecessaryto____thefactory.　　A)increaseB)extendC)broadenD)grow　　21.Theuniversity____consistsoffullprofessors,associateprofessorsandassistantprofessors.　　A)crewB)rankC)circleD)staff　　22.Duetothefactthatshewasnaturallyshy,sheshrankfromany____socialandculturalactivities.　　A)takingpartofB)studyonC)successinD)participationin　　23.ItwasnousetryingtodiscussbusinesswithJames,whowaswell-knownfor____everything.　　A)copingwithB)triflingwithC)handingwithD)doingwellin　　24.Janeisscoldedbyherbossbecauseshelefttheofficewiththecomputer____yesterday.　　A)onB)outC)inD)unclosed　　25.In______tothegovernment’scall,agreatnumberofpeoplefromdifferentwalksoflife

13wenttothefrontlinetofighttheflood.　　A)returnB)admissionC)responseD)order　　26.Icouldseenothing____ofthehallbutthemoansofpaintoldtherewassomeonethere.　　A)inthedustB)intheduskC)inthelobbyD)intheexit　　27.Intheeyesoftheteachers,thetextbooksarefarfrom____.　　A)contentB)consentC)satisfiedD)satisfactory　　28.Duetothe_______difficulty,hehastodoseveralpart-timejobs.　　A.economicB.financialC.economicalD.economics　　29.Thefreshmenareveryslowto____thestrictregulationsofthiscollege.　　A)reacttoB)relatetoC)adapttoD)turnto　　30.Whenreadingbooksaboutspaceexploration,Ioften____man’sskillandcreativenessinputtingcomplexpiecesofmachineryintospace.　　A)trembleatB)startleatC)wanderatD)amazeat　　A)consistentB)consciousC)sensitiveD)reliable　　2.Theproblemwithyourconductisthatwhatyoudoisnot_____withwhatyousay.　　A)consistentB)continuousC)considerateD)continual　　3.Shewasso_____withherjobthatshedidn’thearsomeoneknockingatthedoor.　　A)attractedB)drawnC)occupiedD)concentrated　　4.ProfessorTaylor’stalkhasindicatedthatsciencehasaverystrong_____ontheeverydaylifeofthehumansociety.　　A)motivationB)perspectiveC)impressionD)impact　　5.Whenshewascriticized,sheclaimedthatitwasoutsideher_____ofresponsibility.　　A)fieldB)limitC)extentD)range　　6.Theworldistryingeverymeansto_____thefriendshipbetweenthetwo　　countries.　　A)raiseB)promoteC)ariseD)protest　　7.Althoughnotaneconomisthimself,Dr.Smithhaslongbeenaseverecriticofthegovernment’s_____policies.　　A)economicalB)economyC)economicD)economics　　8.Hisconstant_____withhispeershasleftitsmarkonhisgrowth.　　A)consentB)contractC)contextD)contact　　9._____withhisnewteachingmethod,weneedtotakeacriticallookatourtraditionalones.　　A)CursedB)DepressedC)ImpressedD)Fedup　　10.Soclearwashis_____ofthecasethatothershadnomoretosay.　　A)attitudeB)presentationC)commentD)remark　　11.Whenbusinessisin_____,thereisusuallyanobviousincreaseinunemployment.　　A)convictionB)relaxationC)depressionD)competition　　12.Don’ttakeanyactionuntilyouarefully_____withthesituationthere.　　A)consentedB)contentC)obviousD)acquainted　　13.Itissaidthatthemathteacherseems_____towardsbrightstudents.　　A)liableB)partialC)beneficialD)preferable　　14.Theclothesapersonwearsmayexpresshis__D__orsocialposition.　　A)estateB)statureC)esteemD)status　　15._____withantiquefurniture,thecastlebroughtusbackintimetotheMiddleAges.

14　　A)OrnamentedB)CoveredC)ImpressedD)Improved　　16.Onerainynightthepolicemanhadachance_____withagangofsmugglers.　　A)acquaintanceB)encounterC)accountD)interview　　17.Newspapersvarygreatlyintheir_____tothegovernment.　　A)attitudesB)commentsC)viewsD)opinions　　18.Adefectofvisionpreventshimfrom_____hiseyesaccuratelyonanobject.　　A)emphasizingB)relaxingC)focusingD)achieving　　19.Inmostcases,the_____ofapersonwhositsonapinistoleapintotheair.　　A)reactionB)behaviorC)functionD)instance　　20.Richastheywereinforms,thespeaker’s_____seemedunrelatedtohisspeech.　　A)signsB)gestureC)symptomsD)symbols　　21.Hebuilttheteamthroughbothhardtrainingand_____discipline.　　A)looseB)physicalC)rigidD)slack　　22.Weweredepressed_____thebadnews.　　A)atB)inC)forD)on　　23.Shewasdelightedin_____offriendsandrelatives.　　A)accommodationB)entertainmentC)convictionD)commitment　　24.Thedayswhenhewas_____hisbestisalreadyathingofthepast.　　A)inB)onC)withD)at　　25.Somepeoplearenotwillingto_____responsibilityfortheerrorstheymade.　　A)ensureB)assureC)assumeD)resume　　26.Ispeakinfull_____thatourcauseisjust.　　A)conclusionB)assumptionC)convictionD)determination　　27.Animalscanbecomeunusually_____whentheyareupsetbyasuddenenvironmentchange.　　A)puzzlingB)dominantC)aggressiveD)vigorous　　28.Tryto_____yourmindintothefutureandimaginewhatlifewillbelikethen.　　A)subjectB)objectC)projectD)reject　　29.Theboyfeltsoangryatthegirl’sdominancethathecouldremain_____nolonger.　　A)positiveB)passiveC)optimisticD)pessimistic　　30.Computersoftware_____some70percentofourrangeofproducts.　　A)picksupB)focusesonC)accountsforD)isbasedonA)consistentB)consciousC)sensitiveD)reliable　　2.Theproblemwithyourconductisthatwhatyoudoisnot_____withwhatyousay.　　A)consistentB)continuousC)considerateD)continual　　3.Shewasso_____withherjobthatshedidn’thearsomeoneknockingatthedoor.　　A)attractedB)drawnC)occupiedD)concentrated　　4.ProfessorTaylor’stalkhasindicatedthatsciencehasaverystrong_____ontheeverydaylifeofthehumansociety.　　A)motivationB)perspectiveC)impressionD)impact　　5.Whenshewascriticized,sheclaimedthatitwasoutsideher_____ofresponsibility.　　A)fieldB)limitC)extentD)range　　6.Theworldistryingeverymeansto_____thefriendshipbetweenthetwo　　countries.

15　　A)raiseB)promoteC)ariseD)protest　　7.Althoughnotaneconomisthimself,Dr.Smithhaslongbeenaseverecriticofthegovernment’s_____policies.　　A)economicalB)economyC)economicD)economics　　8.Hisconstant_____withhispeershasleftitsmarkonhisgrowth.　　A)consentB)contractC)contextD)contact　　9._____withhisnewteachingmethod,weneedtotakeacriticallookatourtraditionalones.　　A)CursedB)DepressedC)ImpressedD)Fedup　　10.Soclearwashis_____ofthecasethatothershadnomoretosay.　　A)attitudeB)presentationC)commentD)remark　　11.Whenbusinessisin_____,thereisusuallyanobviousincreaseinunemployment.　　A)convictionB)relaxationC)depressionD)competition　　12.Don’ttakeanyactionuntilyouarefully_____withthesituationthere.　　A)consentedB)contentC)obviousD)acquainted　　13.Itissaidthatthemathteacherseems_____towardsbrightstudents.　　A)liableB)partialC)beneficialD)preferable　　14.Theclothesapersonwearsmayexpresshis__D__orsocialposition.　　A)estateB)statureC)esteemD)status　　15._____withantiquefurniture,thecastlebroughtusbackintimetotheMiddleAges.　　A)OrnamentedB)CoveredC)ImpressedD)Improved　　16.Onerainynightthepolicemanhadachance_____withagangofsmugglers.　　A)acquaintanceB)encounterC)accountD)interview　　17.Newspapersvarygreatlyintheir_____tothegovernment.　　A)attitudesB)commentsC)viewsD)opinions　　18.Adefectofvisionpreventshimfrom_____hiseyesaccuratelyonanobject.　　A)emphasizingB)relaxingC)focusingD)achieving　　19.Inmostcases,the_____ofapersonwhositsonapinistoleapintotheair.　　A)reactionB)behaviorC)functionD)instance　　20.Richastheywereinforms,thespeaker’s_____seemedunrelatedtohisspeech.　　A)signsB)gestureC)symptomsD)symbols　　21.Hebuilttheteamthroughbothhardtrainingand_____discipline.　　A)looseB)physicalC)rigidD)slack　　22.Weweredepressed_____thebadnews.　　A)atB)inC)forD)on　　23.Shewasdelightedin_____offriendsandrelatives.　　A)accommodationB)entertainmentC)convictionD)commitment　　24.Thedayswhenhewas_____hisbestisalreadyathingofthepast.　　A)inB)onC)withD)at　　25.Somepeoplearenotwillingto_____responsibilityfortheerrorstheymade.　　A)ensureB)assureC)assumeD)resume　　26.Ispeakinfull_____thatourcauseisjust.　　A)conclusionB)assumptionC)convictionD)determination　　27.Animalscanbecomeunusually_____whentheyareupsetbyasuddenenvironmentchange.

16　　A)puzzlingB)dominantC)aggressiveD)vigorous　　28.Tryto_____yourmindintothefutureandimaginewhatlifewillbelikethen.　　A)subjectB)objectC)projectD)reject　　29.Theboyfeltsoangryatthegirl’sdominancethathecouldremain_____nolonger.　　A)positiveB)passiveC)optimisticD)pessimistic　　30.Computersoftware_____some70percentofourrangeofproducts.　　A)picksupB)focusesonC)accountsforD)isbasedonExerciseFive　　1.Itseemsthatsomeentertainmentstarsdon’tattachmuchimportancetotheirpublic_____.　　A)shapeB)imageC)statusD)figure　　2.____thequestionofthetimegiventoteachingpreparations,therearetwootherrequirementsforaqualifiedteacher.　　A)ExceptB)AwayfromC)ApartfromD)Besidefrom　　3.Ifitwerenotforthefactthathewasabillionaire,she____him.　　A)mightnevermarryB)willnevermarry　　C)wouldneverhavemarriedD)wouldnevermarry　　4.Thegloveswerereallytoosmall,anditwasonlyby_____themthatImanagedtogetthemon.　　A)spreadingB)squeezingC)stretchingD)bending　　5.Youwillprobably_____yourteam’schancetowinbecauseyouseemtohavesuchagreat______them.　　A)affectinfluenceB)effect;influenceC)affect;effectonD)effect;affecton　　6.Abridgecanbedefined____astructuregettingoveranobstacle,suchasariver,aroadorrailways.　　A)likeB)asC)withD)to　　7.WhenItookmycartothegarage,theysoon____whatthetroublewas.　　A)emergedB)realizedC)exploredD)diagnosed　　8.Whatmadeherheart_____wasthesightofmanypeoplebegginginthestreets.　　A)bleedB)bloodC)bleederD)bled　　9.Ourcountryhaslauncheda(n)____forhealthystylesofliving.　　A)warB)battleC)campaignD)action　　10.Hedeparted____tocatchthetrainonlytofindhisticketwasleftinhome.　　A)inhurryB)inhasteC)inahasteD)withhaste　　11.Thecontractwillbesigned_____theceremony.　　A)priortoB)bypriorityofC)previousofD)preciousto　　12.Therearesomeareaswhicharestilldenselypopulated____theirsevereweatherconditions.　　A)duetoB)withregardtoC)regardlessofD)butfor　　13.He’swatchingTV?He’s____tobecleaninghisroom.　　A)knownB)supposedC)regardedD)considered　　14.Thepublichasappealedtothegovernmenttofinda____totheproblemofpollution.　　A)resultB)responseC)settlementD)solution　　15.Itwasnotuntilhearrivedinclass_____realizedhehadforgottenhisbook.　　A)whenheB)thatheC)andheD)he

17　　16.Seeinghewas_____withhisluggage,Iofferedtohelphim.　　A)infectedB)embarrassedC)muggedD)confused　　17.Solittle____witheachotherthattheneighborscouldnotsettletheirdifference.　　A)agreeddidtheyB)didtheyagreeC)theyagreeD)theydidagree　　18.Itisadvisableforusto____amoreopenpolicy.　　A)adaptB)adjustC)agreeD)adopt　　19.Thereareseveralwaysto_____thisproblem.　　A)implementB)approachC)thrustD)dispose　　20.Theconference____thepossibilityofclosertradelinksbetweenthetwocountries.　　A)exploredB)implementedC)establishedD)constituted　　21.______withtheboy’strueloveforher,thegirldecidedtoentrustherlifetohim.　　A)AcquiredB)ImposedC)InfectedD)Diagnosed　　22.Therunnerwentfastestinthemiddle____ofthecourse.　　A)fragmentB)selectionC)boardD)segment　　23.Themore____youfeelinyourself,themorechancesyouwillstandtowinthegame.　　A)significanceB)intensityC)fortuneD)confidence　　24.Nothingisworsethanthe____betweenwhatisrightandwhatiswrong.　　A)connectionB)establishmentC)illustrationD)confusion　　25.Hiswordsmighthave_____thelovelylady,buthewasneverawareofit.　　A)cursedB)criticizedC)hurtD)scolded　　26.Itisunwiseofyouto____toaconclusionbeforelookingintothematter.　　A)reachB)arriveC)drawD)leap　　27.The____toensureabrightfutureformyselfpushedmetostudyharder.　　A)crisisB)thrustC)pressureD)approach　　28.Adutifulofficialnever____himselfofhisresponsibilityforhiswork.　　A)remindsB)quitsC)disposesD)risks　　29.Theofficial____hisinnocencebyshowingthefact.　　A)approachedB)exploredC)establishedD)defined　　30.Advertisingisdistinguishedfromotherformsofcommunication_____theadvertiserpaysforthemessagetobedelivered.　　A)whichB)becauseofC)inthatD)whereasExerciseSix　　11.Thetrain_____intothestationatnine.　　A)pulledB)draggedC)hauledD)pushed　　12.Alltheleadersshouldattachmuchimportancetotheirpublic_____.　　A)shapeB)imageC)statusD)figure　　13.Our___fromLondontoParisisbywayofDoverandCalais.　　A)routeB)wayC)roadD)routine　　14.In______totheParty’scall,agreatnumberofdoctorsandnurseswenttothefrontlineoffightingtheflood.　　A)returnB)admissionC)responseD)order　　15.Theyexpressedtheir______atbeinglookeddownuponby　　demonstration.　　A)optimismB)enthusiasmC)pessimismD)indignation17.Ininterpersonalrelations,

18peopleshouldbe　　_____witheachother.　　A)shamefulB)frankC)reservedD)indifferent18.Maryhasabadcoldanda_____throat.　　A)soreB)painfulC)tenderD)sour19.Hisfilmwasacompletefailure,whichdidhisreputationalotof______.　　A)damageB)harmC)injuryD)ruin20.EverytimewhenIgobacktomyhometown,Iusuallyspendtwodays____ofmyrelatives.　　A)goingtheroundsofB)roundingup　　C)makingtheroundsofD)roundingon21.Happinessdoesn’tnecessarily______money.　　A)goforB)gothroughC)gobackD)gowith22.It’sadisgustingthingtohearhim____hisachievements.　　A)complainingofB)showingupC)breakingupD)boastingof23.Controlofnoiseisacomplextechnology,anditismost______whenappliedtotheoriginaldesignofthenoisysource.　　A)effectiveB)responsibleC)wickedD)considerable24.Sometimes,thingsgointhedirection____ouroriginalexpectations.A)alientoB)oppositetoC)subjecttoD)nativeto25.Successinschool_______muchhardwork.　　A)callsforB)callsoffC)callsupD)callson　　ExerciseSeven　　1.Whencrossingabusystreet,weshouldbevery_______ofthespeedingcars.　　A)ignorantB)cautiousC)capableD)alert　　2.Ienjoyedallhisnovelswiththe______ofhislast.　　A)excursionB)expeditionC)exceptionD)explosion　　3.Maniscontrolledbyhis_____aswellasbyhisreason.　　A)instinctB)distinctC)institutionD)impulse4.Have_____onhim,heisonlyaboy.　　A)careB)mercyC)pityD)attention　　5.Archeologists_____greatvaluetothesetofancientcookingvesselsunearthedinShanxiprovince.　　A)grantedB)devotedC)attachedD)directed　　6.Ineedto_____myEnglishifI’mgoingtoCanadaformyholidays.　　A)polishupB)lookthroughC)addupD)gothrough　　7.Althoughhewasagoodswimmer,hewassweptawaybythe_____anddrowned.　　A)currentB)motionC)pressureD)air　　8.Anyblindexploitationofnaturalresourcesshouldbeseenasa____againstouroffspring.　　A)guiltyB)sinC)robberyD)violence9.Thefavorablechangesinherappearanceareoften____throughhairdressing.　　A)afflictedB)affectedC)effectedD)infected　　10.Northwindskeptblowingallnightlong_____,andtheearthwasfrozen.　　A)withgreateffortB)invastamountC)invainD)withgreatviolence11.Theyoungman_____hisaccuserandconductedhisowndefenseincourt.　　A)opposedB)resistedC)confrontedD)withstood12.Nuclearscienceshouldbedevelopedtobenefitpeople_____harmthem.　　A)morethanB)otherthanC)ratherthanD)betterthan13.Ifelt_____forthestupidmistakeImade.　　A)innocentB)illegalC)guiltyD)unlawful

19　　14.Ihatepeoplewho_____theendofafilm.　　A)revealB)rewriteC)reviseD)reverse　　15.Itwasreportedthat20peoplewere_____inthetrafficaccidentsyesterday.　　A)woundedB)injuredC)cruisedD)confronted16.Heexplainedtouswhatthey_____doinginthenextyear.　　A)intendedB)attendedC)extendedD)pretended　　17.Thehousewiveswhodonotgoouttoworkoftenfeeltheyarenotworkingtotheirfull_____.　　A)capacityB)strengthC)lengthD)possibility　　18.Hehas_____anumberofjournalsthismorningfortheinformationheneedsbadly.　　A)lookedthroughB)lookedonC)lookedoverD)lookedat19.Thepolicehadthephotographofthemissinggirl_____inordertofindhereasily.　　A)expandedB)amplifiedC)multipliedD)enlarged　　20.Theriveris_____atthebank.　　A)runningawayB)eatingawayC)takingawayD)bringingaway　　21.Shemaybe_____ifyoudon’treplytohersoon.　　A)injuredB)woundedC)offendedD)offensive　　22.Theequatorisan_____line.　　A)imaginableB)imaginativeC)imaginaryD)imagining　　23.Evenasachildheshowedaninclinationto______overtheotherchildren.　　A)dominateB)ruleC)governD)inspect　　24.Theexplorerswere_____straitsalmostimpassable.　　A)immunetoB)confrontedwithC)capableofD)transported　　25.We_____completeequalitybetweenmenandwomen.　　A)omitB)suggestC)advocateD)agree　　26.AdrugstoreinAmerica_____notonlymedicines,butalsosweets,drinksandotherarticles.　　A)shavesB)handlesC)polishesD)tosses　　27.Judgingfromtheorderofimportance,thismattershouldcallfor____consideration.　　A)previousB)priorC)precedingD)prime　　28.Tohavehisstorypublished,theyoungmancertainly_____itforatleastthreetimes.　　A)contrivesB)friesC)polishesD)advocates　　29.Thankstotheprogressinmedicine,thelife_____ofpeoplethroughouttheworldwasgreatlyextended.　　A)templeB)spanC)damD)residence　　30.Moreandmore_____homeapplianceslikewashingmachinesandmicrowaveovenstroubletheoldergeneration.　　A)guiltyB)instinctiveC)automaticD)offensiveExerciseEight　　1.Thesun_____frombehindthecloudsitgotwarmer.　　A)emergedB)immersedC)existedD)embraced　　2.Ihaven’treadthereportproperly---I’veonly_____intoit(浏览).　　A)dinedB)dimmedC)dippedD)dripped　　3.Herachievementwasmore_____inthatshehadcomefromsucharemotearea.

20　　A)popularB)famousC)remarkableD)understandable　　4.LivinginthecentralAustraliandeserthasitsproblems,____obtainingwaterisnottheleast.　　A)forwhichB)towhichC)ofwhichD)inwhich　　5.Theremaybea(n)____oftruthinthisidea,disagreeablethoughitmayseem.　　A)elementB)factorC)advantageD)concept　　6.I’dliketo_____aseatfortheNewYear’sConcert.　　A)preserveB)serveC)conserveD)reserve　　7.Thestorythatfollows______twofamouscharactersoftheRockyMountaingoldrushdays.　　A)concretesB)concernsC)proclaimsD)relates　　8.He_____thegoodchancetopresenthisproposaltothedirector,andatlast,itwasadopted.　　A)realizedB)seizedC)deliveredD)released　　9.They_____inspiteoftheextremelydifficultconditions.　　A)carriedoutB)carriedoffC)carriedonD)carriedforward　　10.Whichsporthasthemostexpensivetrainingequipment,_____players’personalequipmentanduniforms?　　A)inplaceofB)intermsofC)bymeansofD)bywayof　　11.Thepurposeofthiselectionistosetupagovernmenttruly_____ofthepeople.　　A)typicalB)representativeC)characteristicD)responsible　　12.Itwillneeda_____tosavethefirmfromrunningdownhill.　　A)mysteryB)therapyC)miracleD)source　　13.Afteransweringantelephonefromherboyfriend,she_____herselftoreadabook.　　A)imposedB)composedC)transferredD)transformed　　14.Althoughhewasgettingoninyears,hisexperiencegavehima(n)_____overhisrival.　　A)priorityB)benefitC)profitD)advantage　　15.Iamfirmly_____thatthisplanwoulddomuchgoodtoourcompany.　　A)composedB)convincedC)recognizedD)satisfied　　16.WhentalkingaboutChina,peopleoften_____itwiththeGreatWall.　　A)thinkB)associateC)imagineD)assist　　17.I’msureheisuptothejob______hewouldgivehismindtoit.　　A)ifonlyB)incaseC)untilD)unless　　18.I’ve_____alotoftimeandeffortinthisplan,andIdon’twantittofail.　　A)inventedB)invitedC)investedD)involved　　19.Asmallterroristgrouphas______responsibilityforthebombinginBaghdad.　　A)claimedB)acclaimedC)exclaimedD)reclaimed　　20.Forthecurrencytokeep_____,thegovernmenthastoadoptsomestrongmeasures.　　A)concreteB)fertileC)productiveD)stable　　21._____youradvice,Ihavedecidedtoreadthearticleoncemore.　　A)ActingasB)ActinguponC)ActingforD)Actingup　　22.Wearedoingthisworkinthe_____ofreformsintheeconomic,socialandculturalspheres.　　A)contextB)contestC)pretextD)texture

21　　23.Themeetingwasinfull______(活跃)whenwearrived.　　A)rockB)swingC)swimD)sway　　24.Nowthepatientcan_____fromthewheelchairtotheseatwithrelativefreedom.　　A)transportB)transplantC)transactD)transfer　　25.Inhumanfriendshipanimportant_____is“forgiveandforget”.　　A)principalB)primaryC)principleD)chiefly　　26.Therepublicationofthepoet’smostrecentworkswillcertainly_____hisnationalreputation.　　A)magnifyB)enlargeC)enhanceD)strengthen　　27.Importantpeopledon’toftenhavemuchfreetimeastheirwork_____alltheirtime.　　A)takesawayB)takesoverC)takesupD)takesin　　28.Witheverythingbeingready,itistimeto_____ournewplan_____.　　A)set…asideB)set…outC)set…inmotionD)set…down　　29.Whilenuclearweaponspresentgrave_____dangers,thepredominantcrisisofoverpopulationiswithustoday.　　A)inevitableB)constantC)overwhelmingD)potential　　30.Mobiletelecommunications_____isexpectedtodoubleinShanghaithisyearasaresultofacontractsignedbetweenthetwocompanies.　　A)possessionB)potentialC)capacityD)impact　　四级词汇练习答案(勘误版)　　因题目有顺序调整，部分答案错位。此版为无误版。　　Exercise1:BCCCADBCACBDBDBBACCBAABBCBCCBC　　Exercise2:CADCBBCDABADACDBDBBCBDCDBBAADB　　Exercise3:CCCDABBABACCDBDBCBABDDBACBDBCD　　Exercise4:BACDDBCDCBCDBDABACABCABDCCCCBC　　Exercise5:BCCCABDACBACBDBABDBACDDDCDCACC　　Exercise6:ADACDBABCDDABA　　Exercise7:BCABCAABCDBCCABAAADBCCABCBDCBC　　Exercise8:ACCCADBBCBBCBDBBACADAABDCCCCDC