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《英语语法so that, so…that 和 such…that 用法归纳》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
英语语法sothat,so…that和such…that用法归纳在学习sothat和so…that从句时,有相当一部分同学认为:sothat是用来构成目的状语从句的,而so…that则是用来构成结果状语从句的。其实,情况并不是这样。sothat同样可以用来引导结果状语从句,无论是否有副词作状语或形容词作表语,这就要得从意义上和sothat从句的结构上来考虑,表目的的sothat状语从句中通常情况下都含有一个情态动词。试比较:Hehurriedtothestationsothathecouldcatchtheearlybus.他匆匆忙忙赶到车站,为的是能搭上早班车。(表目的)=Hegottothestationhurriedlysothathecouldcatchtheearlybus.Hehurriedtothestationsothathecaughttheearlybus.他匆匆忙忙赶到车站,结果搭上了早班车。(表结果)=Hegottothestationhurriedlysothathecaughttheearlybus.=Hegottothestationsohurriedlythathecaughttheearlybus.※但若副词或形容词是放在so…that之间,就算that从句中含有情态动词也只能表示结果。Theboywassostupidthathecouldn’tworkoutthemathsproblem.这个男孩很笨,所以他解不出这道数学题。注:①表目的的sothat从句可以用inorderthat替换;若主句和从句的主语一致的时候还可以用soasto或inorderto将其转换为简单句。如:IgotupearlysothatIcouldbeintimeforthemorningexercises.
1→IgotupearlyinorderthatIcouldbeintimeforthemorningexercises.→Igotupearlysoasto/inordertobeintimeforthemorningexercises.②有时为了加强语气,inorderthat从句或inorderto短语还可以放到句首,但sothat和soasto却不行。如:InorderthatIcouldbeintimeforthemorningexercises,Igotupearly.Inordertobeintimeforthemorningexercises,Igotupearly.③当so…that(或sothat)结构的主句中有副词作状语或形容词作表语时,必须用so+adv./adj.+asto才可以将其转换为简单句来表示结果,否则是表示目的。试比较:Ispokesoloudastobeheardbyeveryone.我讲得声音很大,结果大家都听清楚了。(表结果)Ispokeloudsoastobeheardbyeveryone.我很大声地讲,是为了大家能都听清楚。(表目的)④在so+adv./adj.+that所构成的结果状语从句中,人们常常把so+adv./adj.移到句首并将谓语动词倒装来表示强调。例如:Soharddidtheboystudythathepassedtheexam.Socleveristheboythathecananswerthequestion.⑤人们在口语中常省去so…that的that,也有人省去so而保留that。如:Shewassoexcited(that)shecouldhardlyfallasleep.
2Shewas(so)excitedthatshecouldhardlyfallasleep.在书写中省去that时,最好加上逗号,把句子的两个部分隔开。例如:Shewassoexcited,shecouldhardlyfallasleep.so…that和such…that都可以构成结果从句,所不同的是so…that之间接形容词或副词,而such…that之间接名词。一般情况下,即使名词前有形容词修饰也不能换用so…that。例如:Theboyissocleverthateveryonelikeshim.Theboyissuchafoolthathecan’tunderstandit.Titanicissuchamovingfilmthatallofuswanttoseeit.Theteachergavethechildrensuchwonderfulpicturebooksthattheygotwildwithjoy.注:①当such…that之间用“不定冠词+形容词+单数名词”时,可以用so…that替换,但得将不定冠词和形容词颠倒位置。例如:ThatwassuchanimportantpartythatIhadtotakepartinit.→ThatwassoimportantapartythatIhadtotakepartinit.②当such…that之间的可数名词前用many或few修饰,不可数名词前用much或little修饰时,只能用so…that构成结果从句。例如:I’vegotsofewapplesthatIcannotdividethemamongthechildren.IhavesomuchhomeworktodothatIcan’tgotothecinemawithyou.③当little表示“小”而不是“少”的意思时,仍然用such…that.试比较:
3Theyaresuchlittlechildrenthattheycannotdotheworkwell.这些孩子太小,他们做不好这项工作。IhavesolittlemoneythatIcan’tbuythecomputer.我的钱太少买不起这部电脑。such…that万不可与such…as混用。such…that中的that是连词,用来引导状语从句,在从句中不充当任何成分;而such…as中的as是关系代词,用来引导定语从句并在从句中担当主语、宾语或表语。试比较:Zhangjiajieissuchamarvelousplacethateveryonewantstovisitit.张家界是如此神奇的地方,人人都想去游玩。(that引导状语从句)Zhangjiajieissuchamarvelousplaceaseveryonewantstovisit.张家界是如此一个人人都想去游玩的神奇的地方。(as引导定语从句并作宾语)
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