医学术语和名称英文缩略语

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医学术语和名称英文缩略语A:adrenalin肾上腺素A:aorticsecondsound主动脉瓣第二音AA:aminoacid氨基酸AA:aplasticanemia再生障碍性贫血Ab:antibody抗体ABE:acutebacterialendocarditis急性细菌性心内膜炎ACD:anemiaofchronicdisease慢性病贫血ACE:angiotensinconvertingenzyme血管紧张素转化酶Acell:accessorycell辅佐细胞（免疫）ACh:acetylcholine乙酰胆碱（神经递质）AChE:acetycholinesterase乙酰胆碱脂酶AChR:acetylcholinereceptor乙酰胆碱受体ACTH:adrenocorticotropichormone促肾上腺皮质激素ACV:acyclovir无环鸟苷（抗病毒药）AD:autosomaldominant常染色体显性AD:Alzheimer'sdisease阿尔茨海默氏病ADA:adenosinedeaminase腺苷脱氨酶ADCC:antibody-dependentcellularcytotoxicity抗体依赖性细胞介导细胞毒作用ADD:attentiondeficitdisorder注意缺陷障碍（即多动综合征）ADH:antidiuretichormone抗利尿激素ADP:adenosinediphosphate二磷酸腺苷ADR:adversedrugreaction药物不良反应AFB:acid-fastbacilli抗酸杆菌AFP:alphafetoprotein甲胎蛋白AG:aniongap阴离子间隙A/G:albumin/globulinratio白/球蛋白比率Ag:antigen抗原AGL:acutegranulocyticleukemia急性粒细胞白血病AGN:acuteglomerulonephritis急性肾小球肾炎AHF:antihemophilicfactor抗血友病因子AI:aorticinsufficiency主动脉瓣关闭不全AI:artificialinsemination人工授精AID:artificialinseminationwithdoner'ssemen非配偶间人工授精AIDS:acquiredimmunodeficiencysyndrome获得性免疫缺陷综合征，艾滋病AIH:artificialinseminationwithhusband'ssemen配偶间人工授精AIHA:autoimmunehemolyticanemia自身免疫性溶血性贫血AISN:acuteinterstitialnephritis急性间质性肾炎AKP:alkalinephosphatase碱性磷酸酶Ala:alanine丙氨酸ALA:aminolevulinicacid氨基酮戊酸（卟啉前体）ALD:aldolase醛缩酶ALG:antilymphocyteglobulin抗淋巴细胞球蛋白ALL:acutelymphoblasticleukemia急性淋巴细胞白血病ALP:alkalinephosphatase碱性磷酸酶ALS:amyotrophiclateralsclerosis肌萎缩性侧索硬化症ALS:antilymphocyteserum抗淋巴细胞血清ALT:alanineaminotransferase丙氨酸转氨酶（即SGPT）AML:acutemyeloblasticleukemia急性原粒细胞性白血病AMMOL:acutemyelomonoblasticleukemia急性髓单核细胞性白血病AMOL:acutemonoblasticleukemia急性单核细胞性白血病AMS:acutemountainsickness急性高山病AMS:atypicalmeaslessyndrome非典型麻疹综合征AMY:amylase淀粉酶AN:analgesicnephritis止痛药肾炎ANA:antinuclearantibody抗细胞核抗体ANP:atrialnatriureticpeptide心房利钠肽（即心钠素）Anti-HBc:antibodytohepatitisBcoreantigen抗乙型肝炎核心抗体Anti-HBe:antibodytohepatitisBeantigen抗乙型肝炎e抗体Anti-HBs:antibodytohepatitisBsurfaceantigen抗乙型肝炎表面抗体（即AuAg）ANUG:acutenecrotizingulcerativegingivitis急性坏死性溃疡性龈炎AP:alternatepathway旁路途径（补体活化）APB:atrialprematurebeat房性期前收缩APC:antigen-presentingcell抗原呈递细胞APC:acutepharyngoconjunctivalfever急性咽结合膜热APP:acute-phaseprotein急性期蛋白APRT:adeninephosphoribosyltransferase腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶（嘌呤回收途径）APTT:activatedpartialthromboplastintime活化部分凝血活酶时间APUD:amineprecursoruptakeanddecarboxylation胺前体摄取和脱羧（细胞）AR:aorticregurgitation主动脉反流AR:autosomalrecessive常染色体隐性ARA-A:adeninearabinoside阿糖腺苷（抗病毒药）ARA-C:cytosinearabinoside阿糖胞苷（抗癌药）ARAS:ascendingreticularactivationsystem上行网状激活系统ARC:AIDS-relatedcomplex艾滋病相关复合征ARD:acuterespiratorydisease急性呼吸道病ARDS:adultrespiratorydistresssyndrome成人呼吸窘迫综合征ARF:acuterenalfailure急性肾功能衰竭ARF:acuterheumaticfever急性风湿热AS:aorticstenosis主动脉瓣狭窄AS:ankylosingspondylitis强直性脊柱炎Arg:arginine精氨酸ASA:acetylsalicylicacid乙酰水杨酸ASD:Alzheimer'sseniledementia阿尔茨海默氏老年性痴呆ASD:atrialseptaldefect房间

1隔缺损Asn:asparagine天门冬酰胺ASO:antistreptolysinO抗链球菌（溶血）素OAsp:asparticacid天门冬氨酸AST:aspartateaminotransferase天门冬氨酸转氨酶（即SGOT）AT:angiotensin血管紧张素ATL:adultTcellleukemia成人T细胞白血病ATN:acutetubularnecrosis急性肾小管坏死ATP:adenosinetriphosphate三磷酸腺苷AuAg:Australiaantigen澳大利亚抗原(即Anti-HBs)，澳抗AUC:areaunderconcentrationcurve药－时曲线下面积AV:atrioventricalar房室AV:arteriovenous动静脉AVF:(augmentedvoltage，leftleg)加压单极左腿导联AVL:(augmentedvoltage，leftarm)加压单极左臂导联AVM:arteriovenousmalformation动静脉畸形AVnode:atrioventricularnode房室结AVP:argininevasopressin精氨酸加压素AVR:(augmentedvoltage，rightarm)加压单极右臂导联AZT:azidothymidine叠氮脱氧胸腺嘧啶核苷BAEP:brain-stemauditoryevokedpotential脑干听觉诱发电位BAL:Britishanti-lewisite(dimercaprol)英国抗路易士毒气剂（二巯基丙醇）BBB:bundlebranchblock束支传导阻滞BBB:blood-brainbarrier血脑屏障BBP:bedsidebloodpurification床边血液净化BBT:basalbodytemperature基础体温Bcell:bonemarrow-derivedlymphocyte骨髓源淋巴细胞BCG:bacillusCalmette-Guérin卡介苗BCNU:bis-chloroethyl-nitrosourea氯乙亚硝脲，卡氮芥（抗癌药）BE:baseexcess剩余碱BEAM:brainelectricalactivitymapping脑电位分布图BEE:basalenergyexpenditure基础能量消耗量BK:bradykinin缓激肽BME:biomedicalengineering生物医学工程BMF:bonemarrowfailure骨髓功能衰竭BMI:bodymassindex体重指数（以体表面积为基数）BMP:bonemorphogenicprotein骨形态形成蛋白BMR:basalmetabolicrate基础代谢率BMT:bonemarrowtransplantation骨髓移植BP:bloodpressure血压BPH:benignprostatichypertrophy良性前列腺肥大Bq:becquerel伯克（放射强度单位）BRM:biologicalresponsemodulator生物反应调节剂BSA:bodysurfacearea体表面积BSP:bromsulphalein酚四溴肽磺酸钠，磺溴肽钠（肝功能试验）BT:bleedingtime出血时间BUN:bloodureanitrogen血尿素氮C:complement补体CABG:coronaryarterybypassgrafting冠状动脉旁路移植术CAD:coronaryarterydisease冠状动脉病CAD:computer-aideddiagnosis计算机辅助诊断CAH:congenitaladrenalhyperplasia先天肾上腺增生cAMP:cyclicadenosinemonophosphate环一磷酸腺苷CAPD:continuousambulatoryperitnoealdialysis持续性非卧床式腹膜透析CAT:calciumantagonist钙拮抗剂CAVH:continuousarteriovenoushemofiltration连续动静脉血液滤过CAVHD:continuousarteriovenoushemodialysis连续动静脉血液透析CAVHP:continuousarteriovenoushemoperfusion连续动静脉血液灌流CAVP:continuousarteriovenousplasmapheresis连续动静脉血浆换出CBC:completebloodcount全部血细胞计数CBF:cerebralbloodflow脑血流量CCK-PZ:cholecystokinin-pancreozymin缩胆囊素－促胰酶素CCNU:cyclohexyl-chloroethyl-nitrosourea氯乙环己亚硝脲（抗癌药）CCU:cardiaccareunit心脏病监护中心CD:clusterofdifferentiation免疫细胞表面分化抗原CDC:U.S.CentersforDiseaseControl美国疾病监控中心Cdyn:dynamiccompliance动态顺应性CEA:carcinoembryonicantigen癌胚抗原CEI:convertingenzymeinhibitor转化酶抑制剂CEP:chroniceosinophilicpneumonia慢性嗜酸细胞增多性肺炎CF:complementfixation补体结合CF:chemotacticfactor趋化因子CF:cysticfibrosis囊性纤维化CFU:colonyformingunit集落形成单位CGD:chronicgranulomatousdisease慢性肉芽肿病CGL:chronicgranulocyticleukemia慢性粒细胞白血病CH:compromizedhost免疫力低下寄主C:constantdomainofheavychain重链稳定区(免疫球蛋白)CHD:coronaryheartdisease冠心病CHF:congestiveheartfailure充血性心力衰竭

2CHO:carbohydrate碳水化合物，糖CI:cardiacindex心脏指数Ci:curie居里（放射强度单位）CIC:circulatingimmunecomplex循环免疫复合物CIE:countercurrentimmunoelectrophoresis对流免疫电泳CIS:carcinomainsitu原位癌CISN:chronicinterstitialnephritis慢性间质性肾炎CK:creatinekinase肌酸激酶Cl:clearance清除率C:constantdomainoflightchain轻链稳定区(免疫球蛋白)CLL:chroniclymphocyticleukemia慢性淋巴细胞白血症C(L+T):complianceoflungsandthorax肺-胸廓顺应性CMG:cystometrogram膀胱压力容积曲线CMI:cell-mediatedimmunity细胞介导免疫CML:chronicmyelogenonsleukemia慢性髓细胞白血病CMV:cytomegalovirus巨细胞病毒CNS:centralnervoussystem中枢神经系统CO:cardiacoutput心输出量CoA:coenzymeA辅酶ACOCP:COcombiningpower二氧化碳结合力COMT:catechol-O-methyltransferase儿茶酚氧位甲基转移酶COPD:chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease慢性阻塞性肺疾病CP:classicpathway经典途径（补体活化）CP:corpulmonale肺原性心脏病CPAP:continuouspositiveairwaypressure呼吸道持续正压结氧CPCR:cardio-pulmonary-cerebralresuscitation心肺脑复苏CPDD:cis-platinum-diaminodichloride顺铂CPPV:continuouspositivepressureventilation连续正压通气结氧CPR:cardiopulmonaryresuscitation心肺复CPZ:chlorpromazine氯丙嗪Cr:creatinine肌酐CR:complementreceptor补体受体CREST:calcinosis，Raynaud'sphenomenon，esophagealdysfunction，sclerodactyly，telangiectasia钙质沉着－雷诺氏现象－食管功能失调－硬皮病指（趾）－毛细管扩张（综合征）CRF:chronicrenalfailure慢性肾功能衰竭CRP:C-reactiveproteinC反应蛋白CSD:catscratchdisease猫抓病CSF:cerebrospinalfluid脑脊液CSF:colonystimulatingfactor集落刺激因子Cstat:staticcompliance静态顺应性CT:calcitonin降钙素CT:computedtomography电子计算机断层成像CT:clottingtime凝血时间CTL:cytotoxicTlymphocyte细胞毒T淋巴细胞CTX:cytoxan环磷酰胺CV:closingvolume闭合容积CVA:cerebrovascularaccident脑血管意外CVID:commonvariableimmunoglobulindeficiency常见变异性免疫缺陷CVP:centralvenouspressure中央静脉压CWP:coalworker'spneumoconiosis煤矿工人尘肺Cys:cysteine半胱氨酸D:ergocalciferol麦角骨化醇（维生素D）D:cholecalciferol胆骨化醇（维生素D）1,25-(OH)D:1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol1,25-双羟胆骨化醇DAG:diacylglycerol甘油二脂D&C:dilatation＆curettage刮宫DDS:diaminodiphenylsulfone氨苯砜DDT:dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane滴滴涕DDVP:dichlorvos敌敌畏DEC:diethylcarbamazine乙胺嗪(海群生，抗丝虫药)DES:diethylstilbestrol乙烯雌酚DF:differentiationfactor分化因子DHEA:dehydroepiandrosterone脱氢表雄甾酮DHT:dihydrotestosterone二氢睾丸酮DI:diabetesinsipidus尿崩症DIC:disseminatedintravascularcoagulation弥漫性血管内凝血DIP:distalinterphalangeal远指间（关节）DIT:diiodotyrosine二碘酪氨酸DJD:degenerativejointdisease退行性关节病（即骨性关节病）DKA:diabeticketoacidosis糖尿病酮症酸中毒DLE:discoidlupuserythromatosus盘状红斑狼疮DM:diabetesmellitus糖尿病DM:dermatomyositis皮肌炎DNA:deoxyribonucleicacid脱氧核糖核酸DOC:11-deoxycorticosterone11-脱氧皮质酮Dopa:dihydroxyphenylalanine二羟苯丙氨酸，多巴DP:diastolicpressure舒张压DP:dischargeprecautions排出物隔离DPG:diphosphoglycericacid二磷酸甘油酸DPN:diphosphopyridinenucleotide二磷酸吡啶核苷酸（同NAD，即辅酶I）DSA:digitalsubstractionangiography数字减影血管造影DSCG:disodiumcromoglycate色甘酸钠（过敏反应介质阻释药）DSH:deliberateselfharm蓄意自伤DSM:DignosticndSttisticlMnulofMentlDisorders《精神障碍诊断统计手册》DST:dexamethasonesuppressiontest地

3塞米松抑制试验DT:deliriumtremens震颤谵妄DTH:delayed-typehypersensitivity迟发过敏DTIC:dimethylimidazolecarboxamide氮烯咪胺（抗癌药）DTP:diphtheriatetanuspertussis白喉－破伤风－百日咳（三联疫苗）DUB:dysfunctionaluterinebleeding功能失调性子宫出血DVT:deepveinthrombosis深静脉血栓形成D/W:dextroseinwater葡萄糖液E:enzyme酶E:estrone雌酮E:estradiol雌二醇E:estriol雌三醇EABV:effectivearterialbloodvolume有效动脉血容量EACA:epsilon-aminocaproicacid6-氨基己酸（纤溶酶激活剂抑制药）EAC-rosette:erythrocyte-antibody-complementrosette红细胞－抗体－补体玫瑰花结EAE:experimentalallergicencephalomyelitis实验性变应性脑脊髓炎EBA:epidermolysisbullosaacquisita获得性大疱性表皮松解症EBP:eosinophilicbasicprotein嗜酸细胞碱性蛋白EBV:Epstein-Barrvirus爱泼斯坦－巴尔二氏病毒ECF:extracellularfluid细胞外液ECF-A:eosinophilchemotacticfactorofanaphylaxis过敏反应嗜酸细胞趋化因子ECG:electrocardiogram心电图ECHO:echocardiography超声心动图ECHOvirus:entericcytopathogenichumanorphanvirus人类肠道细胞病变孤儿病毒ECM:externalcardiacmassage胸外心脏按压ECM:erythemachronicummigrans慢性游走性红斑(见LD)ECT:electroconvulsivetherapy电惊厥疗法，电抽搐疗法（即电休克疗法）ECT:emissioncomputedtomography发射计算机断层成像EDD:expecteddateofdelivery预产期EDTA:ethylenediaminetetraaceticacid依地酸(金属解毒药)EEG:electroencephalogram脑电图EF:ejectionfraction射血分数EFA:essentialfattyacid必需脂肪酸EGD:esophagogastroduodenoscopy食管胃十二指肠镜检EGF:epidermalgrowthfactor表皮生长因子EGRI:enterogastricrefluxindex肠胃反流指数EIA:enzymeimmunoassay酶免疫测定EKC:epidemickeratoconjunctivitis流行性角结膜炎EKG:electrocardiogram心电图ELISA:enzyme-linkedimmunosorbentassay酶联免疫吸附测验EM:electronmicroscope电镜EMB:ethambutol乙胺丁醇（抗结核药）EMG:electromyogram肌电图EMSS:emergencymedicalservicesystem急诊医学勤务系统END:endorphin内啡肽ENL:erythemanodosumleprosum麻风结节性红斑(反应)ENT:ear，noseandthroat耳鼻喉EOP:endogeneousopioidpeptide内源性阿片肽EP:epinephrine肾上腺素EP:electrophoresis电泳EP:endogenouspyrogen内源致热源EP:endorphin内啡肽EP:entericprecautions肠道隔离EPEC:enteropathogenicE.coli肠致病性大肠杆菌EPO:erythropoietin红细胞生成素（即REF）EPS:expressedprostaticsecretion前列腺按摩液ERCP:endoscopicretrogradecholangiopancreatography内窥镜逆行胰胆管造影E-rosette:erythrocyterosette红细胞玫瑰花结ERP:effectiverefractoryperiod有效不应期ERP:estrogenreceptorprotein雌激素受体蛋白ERPF:effectiverenalplasmaflow有效肾血浆流量ERV:expiratoryreservevolume补呼气容积ESR:erythrocytesedimentationrate红细胞沉降率，血沉ESRD:end-stagerenaldisease终期肾疾病ETEC:enterotoxigenicE.coli产肠毒素大肠杆菌EXP:excretionprecautions排泄物隔离f:respiratoryfrequency呼吸频率F:folicacid叶酸Fab:antigen-bindingfragment抗原结合片断（免疫球蛋白）FAD:flavinadeninedinucleotide黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸（黄酶辅基）FAS:fetalalcoholsyndrome胎儿酒精综合征Fc:crystalizablefragment结晶片断（免疫球蛋白）FDA:U.S.FoodandDrugAdministration美国食物药品局FDP:fibrinogendegradationproducts纤维蛋白降解产物FEV:forcedexpiratoryvolumein1second第一秒用力呼气量FFA:freefattyacid游离脂肪酸FFM:fat-freemass不含脂肪物质FH:tetrahydrofolate四氢叶酸FIA:fluoroimmunoassay荧光免疫测定Flu:influenza流行性感冒FMD:footandmouthdisease口蹄疫FMF:familialmediterraneanfever家族性地中海热

4FMN:flavinmononucleotide黄素单核苷酸(黄酶辅基)FMS:fibromyalgiasyndrome纤维肌痛综合征FN:fibronectin纤维粘连蛋白FNA:fineneedleaspirationbiopsy细针吸取活检FRC:functionalresidualcapacity功能残气量FSH:follicle-stimulatinghormone促滤泡激素FTA-ABS:fluorescenttreponemalantibody-absorption荧光螺旋体抗体吸收（试验）5-FU:5-fluorouracil5-氟尿嘧啶（抗癌药）FUO:feverofunknownorigin无明热FVC:forcedvitalcapacity用力肺活量G-:gramnegative革兰氏阴性G+:grampositive革兰氏阳性GABA:gamma-aminobutyricacidγ氨基丁酸GAG:glycosaminoglycan糖氨聚糖（即粘多糖）Gal:galactose半乳糖GALT:gut-associatedlymphatic(lymphoid)tissue肠道相关淋巴组织GBS:Guillain-Barrsyndrome吉兰-巴雷二氏综合征GERD:gastroesophagealrefuxdisease胃食管反流病GF:growthfactor生长因子GFR:glomerularfiltrationrate肾小球过滤率GGT:gamma-glutamyltransferaseγ-谷氨酰转移酶GH:growthhormone生长激素GI:gastrointestinal胃肠GIP:gastricinhibitorypeptide抑胃肽Glc:glucose葡萄糖Gln:glutamine谷酰胺Glu:glutamicacid谷氨酸Gluc:glucuronicacid葡萄糖醛酸Gly:glycine甘氨酸GN:glomerulonephritis肾小球肾炎GN:glomerulonephropathy肾小球肾病GNB:gram-negativebacilli革兰氏阴性杆菌GnRH:gonadotropin-releasinghormone促性腺激素释放激素GP:glycoprotein糖蛋白G6PD:glucose6-phosphatedehydrogenase6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶GRH:GH-releasinghormone生长激素释放激素GSD:glycogenstoragedisease糖原贮积病GSH:glutathione(reduced)谷胱甘肽（还原型）GSSG:glutathione(oxidized)谷胱甘肽（氧化型）GTD:gestationaltrophoblasticdiseases妊娠性滋养细胞疾病GTT:glucosetolerancetest葡萄糖耐量试验GU:genitourinary泌尿生殖GVH:graft-versus-host移植物抗寄主（疾病）Gy:gray戈瑞（放射吸收剂量）HA:hemagglutination血细胞凝集HACE:high-altitudecerebraledema高原脑水肿HACH:hypertensiveatheroscleroticcerebralhemorrhage高血压性动脉硬化性脑出血HAI:hemagglutination-inhibition血凝抑制HA(N)E:hereditaryangioneuroticedema遗传性血管神经性水肿HAPE:high-altitudepulmonaryedema高原肺水肿HAT:hypoxanthine，aminopterin，thymidine次黄嘌呤－氨基蝶呤－胸腺嘧啶核苷（培养基）HAV:hepatitisAvirus甲型肝炎病毒HB:heartblock心传导阻滞HbA:adulthemoglobin成人型血红蛋白HBcAg:hepatitisBcoreantigen乙型肝炎核心抗原HBE:Hisbundleelectrocardiogram希氏束心电图HBeAg:hepatitisBeantigen乙型肝炎e抗原HBIG:hepatitisBimmuneglobulin乙型肝炎免疫球蛋白HbF:fetalhemoglobin胎儿型血红蛋白HbS:sicklehemoglobin血红蛋白S,镰状细胞血红蛋白HBsAg:hepatitisBsurfaceantigen乙型肝炎表面抗原HBV:hepatitisBvirus乙型肝炎病毒HCD:heavychaindisease重链病hCG:humanchorionicgonadotropin人类绒毛膜促性腺激素HCL:hairycellleukemia毛细胞白血病HCT(Hct):hematatocrit血细胞比容（即PCV）HCV:hepatitisCvirus丙型肝炎病毒HD:Hodgkin'sdisease何杰金氏病，霍奇金氏病HD:hemodialysis血液透析HDL:high-densityliporotein高密度脂蛋白HDN:hemolyticdiseaseofnewborn新生儿溶血病HDV:hepatitisDvirus丁型肝炎病毒HE:hematoxylineosin苏木精伊红（染色剂）HE:hypertensiveencephalopathy高血压性脑病HEV:hepatitisEvirus戊型肝炎病毒HF:hepaticfailure肝功能衰竭HF:Hagemanfactor哈格曼氏因子（凝血因子）HF:hemorrhagicfever出血热HFA:HealthforAll“人人享受健康服务”

5HFRS:hemorrhagicfeverwithrenalsyndrome肾综合征出血热（即流行性出血热）HGG:humangammaglobulin人丙种球蛋白HGPRT:hypoxanthine-guaninephosphoribosyltransferase次黄嘌呤－鸟嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶（嘌呤回收途径）HHNK:hyperglycemic，hyperosmoticnonketoticcoma高血糖高渗性非酮症性昏迷5-HIAA:5-hydroxyindoleaceticacid5-羟基吲哚乙酸（5-羟色胺脱氨产物）His:histidine组氨酸HIV:humanimmunodeficiencyvirus人类免疫缺陷病毒（即HTLV-和LAV，为AIDS病原体）HLA:humanleukocyteantigen人白细胞抗原HLP:hyperlipoproteinemia高脂蛋白血症HMG:humanmenopausalgonadotropin人绝经期促性腺激素HMG-CoA:hydroxymethylglutarylCoA3-羟-3-甲基-戊二酰辅酶A（合成酮体和胆固醇的中间产物）HMM:hexamethymelamine六甲密胺（抗癌药）HMP:hexosemonophosphate磷酸己糖（支路）HMWK:highmolecularweightkininogen高分子激肽原hnRNA:heterogeneousnuclearRNA核异质核糖核酸HPAaxis:hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenalaxis下丘脑－垂体－肾上腺轴HPETE:hydroperoxy-eicosatetraenoicacid氢过氧二十碳四烯酸（合成白细胞三烯的中间产物）HPV:humanpapillomavirus人类乳头瘤病毒HR:heartrate心率HS:heparinsulfate硫酸肝素HSE:herpessimplexencephalitis单纯疱疹脑炎HSP:Henoch-Schnleinpurpura享舍二氏紫癜（即过敏性紫癜）5-HT:5-hydroxytrptamine(serotnin)5-羟色胺(血清素)HTLV:humanTcellleukemiavirus人类T细胞白血病病毒HTLV:humanTlymphotropicvirus嗜人T淋巴细胞病毒（同前，另名）HU:hydroxyurea羟基脲（抗癌药）HUS:hemolytic-uremicsyndrome溶血性尿毒症综合征HVA:homovanillicacid高香草酸（多巴胺代谢产物）HX:histiocytosisX组织细胞增生症XH-Y:histocompatibilityantigen组织相容性抗原Y（其结构基因位于Y染色体）HZ:herpeszoster带状疱疹IBD:inflammatoryboweldisease炎症性肠道疾病IBS:irritablebowelsyndrome肠道激惹综合征IC:inspiratorycapacity深吸气量IC:immunecomplex免疫复合物ICD:intracranialpressure颅内压ICD:InterntionlClssifictionofDiseses国际疾病分类ICF:intracellularfluid细胞内液ICG:indocyaninegreen吲哚氰绿(试验)（肝排泌功能试验）ICS:immotileciliasyndrome纤毛不动综合症ICU:intensivecareunit监护中心Id:idiotype独特型ID:intradermal皮内IDDM:insulin-dependentdiabetesmellitus胰岛素依赖性糖尿病IDL:intermediate-densitylipoprotein中等密度脂蛋白IDU:idoxuridine碘苷，疱疹净（抗病毒药）IE:infectiveendocarditis感染性心膜炎IEC:invasiveE.coli侵袭性大肠杆菌IEP:immunoelectrophoresis免疫电泳IF:inhibitingfactor抑制因子IFA:immunefluorescenceantibody免疫荧光抗体IFA:indirectfluorescentantibody间接荧光抗体IGF-1:insulin-likegrowthfactorI胰岛素样生长因子I（即SMC）IgG:immunoglobinGG型免疫球蛋白IGT:impairedglucosetolerance糖耐量低减IHA:indirecthemagglatination间接血凝（试验）IL:interleukin白细胞介素ILD:interstitiallungdisease肺间质病Ile:isoleucine异亮氨酸IM:infectiousmononucleosis传染性单核细胞增多症IM:intramuscular肌内IMD:immunologicallymediateddiseases免疫机制介导疾病INH:isonicotinicacidhydrazide(isoniazid)异烟肼INQ:indexofnutritionalquality营养质量指标IPD:inflammatorypelvicdisease盆腔炎

6IPF:idiopathicpulmonaryfibrosis特发性肺间质纤维化IPH:idiopathicpulmonaryhemosiderosis特发性肺含铁血黄素沉着症IPPV:intermittentpositivepressureventilation间歇正压通气给氧IQ:intelligencequotient智商Ir:immuneresponse免疫应答（基因）IRD:immunerenaldisease免疫性肾病iRNA:informationalRNA信息核糖核酸IRV:inspiratoryreservevolume补吸气容积Is:immunesuppressor免疫抑制（基因）ISG:immuneserumglobulin免疫血清球蛋白ITP:idiopathicthrombocytopenicpurpura特发性血小板减少性紫癜ITP:inosinetriphosphate三磷酸肌苷IU:internationalunit国际单位IUD:intra-uterinedevice宫内节育器IUI:intra-uterineinsemination宫腔内人工授精IV:intravenous静脉内IVF:invitrofertilization体外受精IVP:intravenouspyelogram静脉肾盂造影JCA:juvenilechronicarthritis青年慢性关节炎JE:Japaneseencephalitis日本脑炎JEV:Japaneseencephalitisvaccine日本脑炎疫苗JGA:juxtaglomerularapparatus近血管球复合体Kcells:killercells杀伤细胞Kb:kilobase纤碱基Km:Michaelisconstant米氏常数17-KS:17-ketosteroid17-酮类固醇17-KGS:17-ketogenicsteroid17-生酮类固醇KS:Kaposi'shemorrhagicsarcoma卡波济氏出血性肉瘤KUB:kidney，ureter,bladder肾、输尿管及膀胱（平片）LABD:linearIgAbullousdermatosus线状免疫球蛋白A大疱性皮肤病LAH:leftanteriorhemiblock左前分支阻滞LAKcell:lymphokineactivatedkillercell淋巴因子活化杀伤细胞LAT:latexagglutinationtest乳胶凝集试验LATS:long-actingthyroidstimulator长效甲状腺刺激素LAV:lymphadenopathy-associatedvirus淋巴结病相关病毒（同HIV）LBM:leanbodymass不计脂肪体重LBW:lowbirthweight低体重（儿）LC:Langerhan'scell郎格汉斯氏细胞(皮肤免疫细胞)，郎格汉斯氏细胞（妊娠滋养细胞）LC:Langhans'cell郎汉斯氏细胞多核巨细胞LCAR:latecutaneousallergicreactions晚期变态反应性皮肤反应LCAT:lecithincholesterolacyltransferase卵磷脂胆固醇乙酰基转移酶（催化胆固醇脂化）LCM:lymphocyticchoriomeningitis淋巴脉络丛脑膜炎LD:Lymedisease莱姆病LDbody:Leishman-Donovanbody利士曼-多诺万二氏小体LD:medianlethaldose半数致死量LDCF:lymphocyte-derivedchemotacticfactor淋巴细胞趋化因子LDH:lactatedehydrogenase乳酸脱氢酶LDL:low-densitylipoprotein低密度脂蛋白LE:lupuserythematosus红斑狼疮Leu:leucine亮氨酸LGA:large-for-gestational-age大于胎龄（儿）LGV:lymphogranulomavenerum性病性淋巴肉芽肿LH:leuteinizinghormone黄体生成素LL:lepromatousleprosy瘤型麻风LP:lumbarpuncture腰椎穿刺LPAM:1-phenylalaninemustard左旋苯丙氨酸氮芥LPH:leftposteriorhemiblock左后分支阻滞β-LPH:β-lipotropichormoneβ-促脂素LPL:lipoproteinlipase脂蛋白脂酶LPS:lipopolysaccharide脂多糖LRI:lowerrespiratoryillness下呼吸道病LS:lifesupport生命支持LSD:lysergicaciddiethylamide赖瑟酸二乙胺（致幻剂）LT:leukotriene白细胞三烯LT:lymphotoxin淋巴毒素LUFsyndrome:luteinized-unrupturedfolliclesyndrome黄体化卵巢未破综合征LVSW:leftventricularstrokework左心室每搏功Lyb:lymphocyteantigenonBcellsB淋巴细胞表面抗原（鼠）Lys:lysine赖氨酸Lyt:lymphocyteantigenonTcellsT淋巴细胞表面

7抗原（鼠）βM:βmicroglobulinβ微球蛋白MAC:membraneattackcomplex膜攻击复合物（补体活化产物）MAF:macrophagearming(activating)factor巨噬细胞武装（活化）因子MAI:Mycobcteriumvium-intrcellulre鸟－胞内分支杆菌MAMA:midarmmusclearea中臂肌肉面积MAO:monoamineoxidase单胺氧化酶MAOI:monoamineoxidaseinhibitor单胺氧化酶抑制药MBC:minimalbactericidalconcentration最低杀菌浓度MBC:maximalbreathingcapacity(MVV)最大换气量（同MVV）MBD:minimalbraindamage轻微脑损伤（即多动综合征）MBF:myocardialbloodflow心肌血流量MBP:myelinbasicprotein髓鞘碱性蛋白MIP:maximalinspiratorypressure最大吸气压力MCGN:mesangiocapillaryglomerulonephritis系膜毛细血管性肾小球肾炎（同MPGN）MCH:meancorpuscularhemoglobin平均红细胞血红蛋白含量MCHC:meancorpuscularhemoglobinconcentration平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度MCLS:mucocutaneonslymphnodesyndrome皮肤粘膜淋巴结综合征（即川崎氏病）MCNS:minimalchangenephroticsyndrome微小病变性肾病综合征MCP:metacarpophalangeal掌指（关节）MCTD:mixedconnectivetissuedisease混合结缔组织病MCV:meancorpuscularvolume平均红细胞体积MD:musculardystrophy肌肉营养不良MDS:myelodysplasticsyndrome骨髓异常增生综合征MEA:multipleendocrineadenomatosis多发性内分泌腺瘤（同MEN）MEFV:maximalexpiratoryflowvolume最大呼气流量MEN:multipleendocrineneoplasia多发性内分泌腺瘤（同MEA）MET:metabolicequivalent梅脱（代谢当量）Met:methione甲硫氨酸，蛋氨酸MetHb:methemoglobin高铁血红蛋白MF:myelofibrosis骨髓纤维化MF:mycosisfungoides蕈样霉菌病（即蕈样肉芽肿）MG:myastheniagravis重症肌无力MGN:membranousglomerulonephritis膜性肾小球肾炎MHC:majorhistocompatibilitycomplex主要组织相容性复合物MI:mitralinsufficiency二尖瓣关闭不全MI:myooardialinfarction心肌梗死MIC:minimuminhibitoryconcentration最低抑制浓度MIF:migrationinhibitoryfactor(单核-巨噬细胞)移动抑制因子MIF:Mllerianinhibitoryfactor米勒氏管抑制因子MIG:measlesimmuneglobulin麻疹免疫球蛋白MIT:monoiodotyrosine一碘酪氨酸MLD:minimumlethaldose最小致死量MLR:mixedlymphocyteresponse混合淋巴细胞反应MM:myeloidmetaplasia骨髓外化生MMEF:maximummid-expiratoryflow最大呼气中期流量MMM:myelofibrosiswithmyeloidmetaplasia骨髓纤维化伴髓外化生MoAb:monoclonalantibody单克隆抗体6-MP:mercaptopurine6-巯基嘌呤（抗癌药）MPGN:membranoproliferativeglomerulonephritis膜增殖性肾炎（同MCGN）MPO:myeloperoxidase髓过氧化物酶MPS:mononuclearphagocytesystem单核吞噬细胞系统MPS:mucopolysaccharidoses粘多糖病MR:mentalretardation精神发育迟滞MR:mitralregurgitation二尖瓣反流MR:myelography脊髓造影MRI:magneticresonanceimaging磁共振成像MS:mitralstenosis二尖瓣狭窄MS:multiplesclerosis多发性硬化MSH:melanocyte-stimulatinghormone促黑素细胞激素，促黑素MSOF:multiplesystemorganfailure多发性系统器官衰竭MTP:metatarsophalangeal跖趾（关节）MTX:methotrexate氨甲蝶呤MVA:mevalonicacid甲羟戊酸（合成胆固醇的中间代谢物）MVV:maximalvoluntaryventilation最大通气量（同MBC）m

8:macrophage巨噬细胞N:neuraminidase神经氨酸酶NA:noradrenaline去甲肾上腺素NA:neutralizingantibody中和抗体NAD:nicotinamideadeninedinucleotide(oxidized)烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（同DPN，即辅酶）NADP:nicotinamideadeninedinucleotide(oxidized)烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸（同TPN，即辅酶）NARES:non-allergicrhinitiswitheosinophilia嗜酸细胞增多性非变应性鼻炎NBT:nitrobluetetrazolium亚硝基蓝四氮唑NCF-A:neutrophilchemotacticfactorofanaphylaxis过敏反应嗜中性细胞趋化因子NDI:nephrogenicdiabetesinsipidus肾源性尿崩症NE:norepinephrine去甲肾上腺素NEC:nerotizingenterocolitis坏死性小肠结肠炎NGU:nongonococcalurethritis非淋病性尿道炎NIDDM:noninsulin-dependentdiabetesmellitus非胰岛素依赖性糖尿病NIH:U.S.NationalInstitutesofHealth美国国立卫生研究所NKcell:naturalkillercells天然杀伤细胞NMR:nuclearmagneticresonance核磁共振（同MRI）NPN:nonproteinnitrogen非蛋白氮NPT:nocturnalpeniletumescence夜间阴茎勃起NREM:nonrapid-eye-movement非快眼动（睡眠）NS:nephroticsyndrome肾变综合征NSAID:nonsteroidalanti-inflammatorydrug非甾体抗炎药OA:osteoarthritis骨性关节炎OA:oroticacid乳清酸（合成嘧啶的中间产物）OAF:osteoclastactivatingfactor破骨细胞活化因子OC:oralcontraceptive口服避孕药OCG:oralcholecystography口服造影剂胆囊造影OGTT:oralglucosetolerancetest口服糖耐量试验17-OHCS:17-hydroxycorticosteroid17-羟皮质类固醇OLD:obstructivelungdisease阻塞性肺疾病OPV:oral(liveattenuatedvirus)poliovaccine(Sabin)口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗（萨宾氏）ORS:oralrehydrationsolution口服补水溶液OS:openingsnap开瓣音OT:oldtuberculin旧结核菌素OTC:over-the-counter非处方（药），柜台（药）P:atrialdeploration(ECGwave)心房除极波（心电图）P:proline脯氨酸-p:shortarmofchromosome染色体短臂P:properdin备解素（补体活化旁路途径）P:pulmonicsecondsound肺动脉瓣第二音PA:pernicousanemia恶性贫血PCO:arterialcarbondioxidepressure动脉血三氧化碳分压PAF:platelet-activatingfactor血小板活化因子PAH:para-aminohippurate对氨基马尿酸（肾血浆流量测定）PAM:pyridinealdoximemethiodide解磷定（有机磷解毒药）PAM:primaryamebicmeningoencephalitis原发性阿米巴脑膜脑炎PAM:pulmonaryalveolarmacrophage肺泡巨噬细胞PAN:polyarteritisnodosa结节性多动脉炎PCO:arterialoxygenpressure动脉血氧分压PO:alveolaroxygenpressure肺泡氧分压PAP:prostaticacidphosphatase前列腺酸性磷酸酶Pap:Papanicolaou巴氏（染色）（找瘤细胞）PAS:para-aminosalicylicacid对位氨基水杨酸PAS:periodicacid-Schiff(reaction)过碘酸希夫氏（反应）PAWP:pulmonaryarterialwedgepressure肺小动脉嵌顿压PBC:primarybiliarycirrhosis原发性胆汁性肝硬变PBG:porphobilinogen卟吩胆色素原PBI:protein-boundiodine蛋白结合碘PC:phosphatidylcholine磷脂酰胆碱PCA:passivecutaneousanaphylaxis被动皮肤过敏反应PCD:plasmacelldyscrasia浆细胞病PCG:phonocardiography心音图PCH:paroxysmalcoldhemoglobinuria阵发性寒冷性血红蛋白尿PCM:protein-caloriemalnutrition蛋白质能量营养不良PCOsyndrome:polycysticovariansyndrome多囊卵巢综合征

9PCP:Pneumocystiscriniipneumonia卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎，卡氏肺囊虫肺炎PCR:polymerasechainreaction聚合酶链锁反应PCV:packedcellvolume血细胞压积（同HCT）PD:peritonealdialysis腹腔透析PDA:patentductusarteriosus动脉导管未闭PDGF:platelet-derivedgrowthfactor血小板源生长因子PDT:photodynamictherapy光动力学治疗PE:physicalexamination体格检查，体检PECT:positronemissioncomputedtomography正电子发射计算机断层成像PEEP:positiveend-expiratorypressure呼气终末正压给氧PEFR:peakexpiratoryflowrate呼气高峰流量PEG:pneumoencephalography气脑造影PET:positronemissiontomography正电子发射断层成像PFNA:percutaneonsfineneedleaspiration经皮细针抽吸PG:prostaglandin前列腺素PGI:prostacyclin前列腺环素PGL:persistentgeneralizedlymphadenopathy持续性全身淋巴腺病（艾滋病）PGN:proliferativeglomerulonephritis增殖性肾小球肾炎PH:portalhypertension门静脉高压PHA:passivehemagglutination被动血细胞凝集作用PHC:primaryhealthcare初级卫生保健Phe:phenylalanine苯丙氨酸PI:phosphatidylinositol磷脂酰肌醇PI:protectiveisolation(reverseisolation)保护性隔离（反向隔离）PID:pelvicinflammatorydisease盆腔炎PIE:pulmonaryinfiltrationwitheosinophilia嗜酸细胞增多性肺浸润PIF:prolactininhibitingfactor泌乳素抑制因子PIH:pregnancy-inducedhypertension妊娠高血压PIP:proximalinterphalangeal近端指（趾）间（关节）PIT:plasmairontransportrate血浆铁周转率PKD:polycystickidneydisease多囊性肾病PKreaction:Prausnitz-Kstnerreaction普库二氏反应（同PCA）PKU:phenylketonuria苯丙酮尿症PM:polymyositis多发性肌炎PMA:progressivemucularatrophy进行性肌萎缩PML:progressivemultifocalleukoencephalopathy进行性多灶性脑白质病PMN:polymorphonuclearneutrophilicleukocyte多形核嗜中性白细胞PMR:polymyalgiarheumatica多发性风湿性肌痛PMS:premenstrualsyndrome经前综合征PMT:premenstrualtension经前紧张症PMV:prolapseofmitralvalve二尖瓣脱垂PN:polyarteritisnodosa结节性多动脉炎PNH:paroxysmalnocturnalhemoglobinuria阵发性夜间血红蛋白尿PNS:partialnonprogressingstroke非进行性部分中风PNS:peripheralnervoussystem周围神经系统PNT:papulonecrotictuberculid丘疹坏死性结核疹P.O.:peros经口POMC:pro-opiomelanocortin内啡肽-促黑素－促皮质素前体POMR:problem-orientedmedicalrecord以问题为中心的医案记录PP:pellagrapreventive抗糙皮病（因子）（即烟酰胺和烟酸）PP:periodicparalyses周期性麻痹PP:pancreaticpolypeptide胰多肽PPD:purifiedproteinderivative纯蛋白衍化物（精制结核菌素）PPLO:pleuropneumonia-likeorganism类胸膜肺炎微生物PRinterval:PR间期（心电图）PRA:plasmareninactivity血浆肾素活性（同PRC）PRC:plasmareninconcentration血浆肾素浓度（同PRA）PRF:prolactinreleasingfactor泌乳素释放因子PRIH:prolactinrelease-inhibitinghormone泌乳素释放抑制激素PRIST:paperradio-immuno-sorbenttest试纸放射免疫吸附试验PRL:prolactin泌乳素Pro:proline脯氨酸PROM:prematureruptureofthemembrane胎膜早破PRP:progesteronereceptorprotein孕酮受

10体蛋白PRPP:phosphoribosy1pyrophosphate焦磷酸磷酸核糖（合成嘌呤、嘧啶和辅酶＆的前体）PSA:psoriaticarthritis银屑病关节炎PSE:portal-systemicencephalopathy门－体循环性脑病PSGN:poststreptococcalglomerulonephritis链球菌感染后肾小球肾炎PSP:phenolsulfonphthalein酚磺肽，酚红PSS:progressivesystemicsclerosis进行性系统性硬化症PST:phthalylsulfathiazole酞磺噻唑PS(V)T:paroxysmalsupraventriculartachycardia阵发性室上性心动过速PT:prothrombintime凝血酶原时间PTA:plasmathromboplastinantecedent(factorⅪ)血浆凝血活酶前体（凝血因子Ⅺ）PTC:plasmathromboplastincomponent(factorⅨ)血浆凝血活酶组分（凝血因子Ⅸ）PTC:percutaneoustranshepaticcholangiogram经皮肝穿刺胆道造影PTCA:percutaneoustransluminalcoronaryangioplasty经皮穿刺冠状动脉管腔内成形术PTH:parathyroidhormone甲状旁腺素PTT:partialthromboplastintime部分凝血活酶时间PTU:propylthiouracil丙基硫氧嘧啶PV:plasmavolume血浆容积PV:polycythemiavera真性红细胞增多症PVR:peripheralvascularresistance周围血管阻力PWM:pokeweedmitogen美洲商陆有丝分裂原PXE:pseudoxanthomaelasticum弹性假黄瘤PZA:pyrazinamide吡嗪酰胺（抗结核药）PZI:protaminezineinsulin鱼精蛋白锌胰岛素-q:longarmofchromosome染色体长臂:perfusionrate肺血流灌注率Qfever:queryfever疑向热，Q热QRScomplex:ventriculardepolarization(ECGwaves)心室除极波（心电图）QTinterval:QT间期（心电图）R:roentgen伦琴（放射剂量单位）:rateofdrugelimination药物排泄率RA:rheumatoidarthritis类风湿性关节炎RA:refractoryanemia难治性贫血rad:radiationabsorbeddose拉德（放射吸收剂量）RAI:radioactiveiodineuptaketest放射性碘摄取试验RANA:rheumatoidarthritisnuclearantigen类风湿关节炎核抗原RAS:reticularactivatingsystem网状激活系统RAS:renin-angiotensinsystem肾素－血管紧张素系统RAS:renalarterystenosis肾动脉狭窄RAST:radio-allergo-sorbenttest放射－变应－吸附试验RAW:airwayresistance气道阻力RBC:redbloodcell红细胞RBF:renalbloodflow肾血流量RCC:renalcellcarcinoma肾细胞癌RDA:recommendeddailyallowance推荐膳食需要量RDS:respiratorydistresssyndrome呼吸窘迫综合征REsystem:reticulo-endothelialsystem网状内皮系统REF:renalerythropoieticfactor肾生血因子（即EPO）REM:rapideyemovement快眼动（睡眠）rem:roentgenequivalentofman雷姆，人体伦琴当量（放射剂量当量）RF:rheumaticfever风湿热RF:rheumatoidfactor类风湿因子RF:releasingfactor释放因子RFLP:restrictionfragmentlengthpolymorphism限制性内切片断长度多样性Rh:Rhesusgroupofredcellagglutinogen猕猴血型RH:releasinghormone释放激素RI:respiratoryisolation呼吸道隔离RIA:radioimmunoassay放射免疫分析RIF:releaseinhibitingfactor释放抑制因子RIH:releaseinhibitinghormone释放抑制因子RIND:reversibleischemicneurologicdisability可逆性缺血性神经系统病RIP:radioimmunoprecipitation放射免疫沉淀RIST:radioimmunosorbenttest放射免疫吸附试验RLD:restrictivelungdisease限制性肺疾病RMP:rifampin利福平（抗结核及抗麻风药）RNA:ribonucleicacid核糖核酸RNP:ribonucleoprotein核蛋白RPGN:rapidlyprogressiveglomerulonephripis急进性肾小球肾炎RPHA:revevsepassivehemagglutinationassay反向

11被动血细胞凝集试验RPR:rapidplasmareagin梅毒血浆反应素快速试验RQ:respiratoryquotient呼吸商RSV:respiratorysyncytialvirus呼吸道合胞病毒RTA:renaltubularacidosis肾小管性酸中毒RV:residualvolume残气容积RVT:renalveinthrombosis肾静脉血栓形成S:serine丝氨酸SA:sulfacetamide磺胺醋酰SAnode:sinoatrialnode窦房结SAH:subarachnoidhemorrhage蜘蛛膜下腔出血SaO:arterialoxygensaturation动脉血氧饱和度SAS:sleepapneasyndrome睡眠呼吸暂停综合征SBE:subacutebacterialendocarditis亚急性细菌性心内膜炎SBT:serumbactericidaltiter血清杀菌滴度SC:subcutaneons皮下SCC:spinalcordcompression脊髓压迫症SCD:suddencardiacdeath心源猝死SCID:severecombinedimmunodeficiencydisease严重联合免疫缺陷病SD:sulfadiazine磺胺嘧啶SD:streptodornase链道酶SDA:specificdynamicaction特殊动力作用SD-Ag:sulfadiazinesilver磺胺嘧啶银SDM:sulfadimoxine磺胺二甲氧嘧啶SEP:somatosensoryevokedpotential躯体感觉诱发电位Ser:serine丝氨酸Sf:Svedbergunitofflotation漂浮单位（超离心）SGA:small-for-gestational-age小于胎龄（儿）SGOT:serumglutamic-oxaloacetictransaminase血清谷草转氨酶（同AST）SGPT:serumglutamic-pyruvictransaminase血清谷丙转氨酶（同ALT）SHb:sulfhemoglobin硫化血红蛋白SHBG:sexhormonebindingglobulin性激素结合球蛋白SI:strictisolation严密隔离SIADH:syndromeofinappropriateantidiuretichormonesecretion抗利尿激素分泌异常综合征SIDS:suddeninfantdeathsyndrome婴儿猝死综合征SIG:specificimmuneserumglobulin特异性免疫血清球蛋白SIZ:sulfisoxazole磺胺异唑SK:streptokinase链激酶SL:sublingual舌下SLE:systemiclupuserythromatosus系统性红斑狼疮SM:streptomycin链霉素SM:sulfadimidine磺胺二甲嘧啶SMD:sulfamethoxydiazine磺胺甲氧嘧啶SML:sulfamylon甲磺灭脓SMC:somatomedinC生长介素CSMC:smoothmusclecell平滑肌细胞SMZ:sulfamethoxazole磺胺甲基异唑SOD:superoxidedismutase超氧化物歧化酶SP:systolicpressure收缩压SPCA:serumprothrombinconversionaccelerator血清凝血酶原转化加速因子（凝血因子）SPECT:singlephotonemissioncomputedtomography单光子发射计算机断层成像SRIF:somatotropinreleaseinhibitingfactor生长激素释放抑制因子（同SS）SRS-A:slow-reactingsubstanceofanaphylaxis过敏反应慢反应物质（即LT-C、D&E）SRT:speechreceptiontheshold言语接受阈SSSomatostatin生长抑素（同SRIF）SS:sicklecellanemia镰状细胞贫血SS:Sjgren'ssyndrome舍格伦氏综合征SS:systemicsclerosis系统性硬皮病SSPE:subacutesclerosingpanencephalitis亚急性硬化性全脑炎SSS:sicksinussyndrome病态窦房结综合征SSSS:staphylococcalscaldedskinsyndrome葡萄球菌性烫伤样皮肤综合征STD:sexuallytransmitteddisease性传播疾病STS:serologictest(s)forsyphilis梅毒血清试验SV:strokevolume每搏输出量Sv:sievert希沃特（放射剂量当量）SVCsyndrome:superiorvenacavasyndrome上腔静脉综合征SW:strokework每搏功T:tetanustoxoid破伤风类毒素T:ventricularrepolarizatioe(ECGwave)心室复极波（心电图）T3:triiodothyronine三碘甲腺原氨酸T4:thyroxine，tetraiodothyronine甲状腺素，四碘甲腺原氨酸TA:stansplantationantigen移植抗原TAA:tumor-associatedantigen肿瘤相关抗原TB:tuberculosis结核病TBE:tick-borneencephalitis蜱传脑炎

12TBG:thyroxine-bindingglobulin甲状腺素结合球蛋白TBI:totalbodyirradiation全身照射TBM:tubularbasementmembrane肾小管基底膜TBPA:thyroxine-bindingprealbumin甲状腺素结合前白蛋白TC:totalcholesterol总胆固醇TCAcycle:tricarboxylicacidcycle三羧酸循环TCA:tricyclicantidepressant三环类抗抑郁药TCC:transitionalcellcencer移行细胞癌Tcell:thymus-derivedlymphocyte胸腺源淋巴细胞TCGF:TcellgrowthfactorT细胞生长因子TEF:thermiceffectoffood食物热效应TF:transferfactor转移因子TG:triglyceride甘油三酯Tg:thyroglobulin甲腺球蛋白6-TG:6-thioguanine6-硫鸟嘌呤（抗癌药）T:helperTcell辅助性T细胞Thr:threonine苏氨酸TIA:transientischemicattack短暂性脑缺血发作TIBC:totalironbindingcapacity总铁结合力TIN:tubulointerstitialnephritis肾小管间质性肾炎TK:thymidinekinase胸腺嘧啶核苷激酶TL:tuberculoidleprosy结核样型麻风TLC:totallungcapacity肺总量TLI:totallymphoidirradiation全身淋巴照射TMJ:temporomandibularjointdisorders颞下颌关节紊乱TMP:trimethoprim甲氧苄氨嘧啶（抗菌增效剂）TMS:TMP/SMZ复方新诺明TMF-:tumornecrosisfactor肿瘤坏死因子TNM:tumor，node，metastasis“肿瘤-淋巴结-转移”癌症分期系统TPA:tissueplasminogenactivator组织型纤溶酶原激活剂TPHA:Treponempllidumhemagglutinationassay梅毒螺旋体血细胞凝集测验TPI:Treponempllidumimmobilization梅毒螺旋体制动反应TPN:totalparenteralnutrition完全肠道外营养TPN:triphosphopyridinenucleotide三磷酸吡啶核苷酸（同NADP，即辅酶）TPP:thiaminepyrophosphate焦磷酸硫胺TRH:thyrotropin-releasinghormone促甲状腺激素释放激素TrIC:trachomainclusionconjuntivitis沙眼包涵体结合膜炎（因子）tRNA:transferRNA转移核糖核酸Trp(Try):tryptophan色氨酸Ts:suppressorTcells抑制性T细胞TSA:tumor-specificantigens肿瘤特异性抗原TSFthickness:tricepsskinfoldthickness三头肌皮褶厚度TSH:thyroid-stimulatinghormone促甲状腺激素TSI:thyoid-stimulatingimmunoglobulin促甲状腺免疫球蛋白TSS:toxicshocksyndrome中毒性休克综合征TT:thrombintime凝血酶时间TTT:thymolturbiditytest麝香草酚浊度试验TTP:thromboticthrombocytopenicpurpura血栓性血小板减少性紫癜TU:tuberculinunit结核菌素单位TURP:transurethralresectionofprostate经尿道前列腺切除TV:tidalvolume潮气容积TX:thromboxane血栓素，凝血烷TA:thromboxaneA血栓素ATyr;tyrosine酪氨酸UAO:upperairwayobstructin上呼吸道阻塞UC:ulcerativecolitis溃疡性结肠炎UCTS:undifferentiatedconnectivetissuesyndrome未分化结缔组织综合征URI:upperrespiratoryinfection上呼吸道感染US:ultrasonography超声检查US:ultrasound超声UTI:urinarytractinfection泌尿道感染UTO:urinarytractobstruction泌尿道梗阻V:unipolarchestelectrocardiographiclead单极胸前导联:ventilationrate肺通气量:alveolarventilation肺泡通气量Val:valine缬氨酸VC:vitalcapacity肺活量VCA:viralcapsidantigen病毒衣壳抗原VCG:vectorcardiogram向量心电图VD:venerealdisease性病，花柳病Vd:apparentvolume表观分布容积VDRLtest:VenerealDiseaseResearchLaboratorytest性病研究室玻片试验VE:venerealexposure冶游史VEP:visualevokedpotential视觉诱发电位V:variabledomainofheavychain重链可变区（免疫球蛋白）VIP:vasoactiveintestinalpeptide舒血管肠肽VIPoma:舒血管肠肽瘤Vit:vitamine维生素V:variabledomainoflightchain轻链可变区(免

13疫球蛋白）VICD:verylowcaloriediet极低热量膳食VLDL:verylowdensitylipoprotein极低密度脂蛋白VLM:viscerallarvamigrans内脏虫蚴移行症VMA:vanillylmandelicacid香草扁桃酸(肾上腺素代谢产物)O:Ocomsumption氧消耗量VOD:veno-occlusivedisease静脉阻塞性疾病VPB:ventricularprematurebeat室性早搏VSD:ventricularseptaldefect室间隔缺损VT:ventriculartachycardia室性心动过速VWD:vonWillebranddisease冯?维勒布兰德氏病VWF:vonWillebrandfactor冯?维勒布兰德氏因子（凝血因子相关蛋白）VZV:varicella-zostervirus水痘－带状疱疹病毒/:mismatch通气/血流比例失调/scan:ventilation-perfusionlungscan肺通气－灌注功能显像WB:wholeblood全血WBC:whitebloodcell白细胞WDHA:waterydiarrhea，hypokalemia，achlohydric水泻－低血钾－无胃酸（综合征）W/H:weightforheight身高相关体重WHO:WorldHealthOrganization世界卫生组织AT:-抗胰蛋白酶(error):type1error(false-positiveconclusion)一型错误（假阳性结论）β(error):type2error(false-negativeconclusion)二型错误（假阴性结论）